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House Bill 1369e1

HB 1369, First Engrossed 1 A bill to be entitled 2 An act relating to juvenile justice; amending 3 s. 39.01, F.S.; providing that the penalty 4 imposed for the offense of escaping from a 5 detention facility applies to a juvenile who 6 escapes from a low-risk residential facility; 7 amending s. 39.021, F.S.; revising requirements 8 for the Department of Juvenile Justice and the 9 Juvenile Justice Advisory Board with respect to 10 reporting to the Legislature on the costs and 11 benefits of the department's commitment 12 programs; amending s. 39.042, F.S.; specifying 13 the conditions under which a juvenile charged 14 with domestic violence may be placed in 15 detention if the juvenile does not meet the 16 criteria for detention; requires a court order 17 to hold the juvenile in detention beyond 48 18 hours; requires a court hearing upon the 19 request of the state attorney or victim to 20 determine whether continued detention is 21 necessary; repealing s. 39.0445, F.S., relating 22 to juvenile justice domestic violence 23 offenders; amending s. 39.052, F.S.; requiring 24 the court to transfer all pending juvenile 25 court cases to adult court on a juvenile 26 transferred to adult court; amending s. 39.054, 27 F.S.; authorizing the court to take further 28 action if the restitution is not made; 29 authorizing the court to order the juvenile's 30 parent or guardian to make restitution if the 31 parent or guardian failed to make a diligent 1 CODING: Words stricken are deletions; words underlined are additions. HB 1369, First Engrossed 1 and good-faith effort to prevent the juvenile 2 from engaging in delinquent acts; amending s. 3 39.057, F.S.; clarifying the minimum period a 4 juvenile who is committed to certain programs 5 is required to participate in the boot camp 6 component of the program; revising requirements 7 for the department in evaluating boot camp 8 programs; amending s. 39.059, F.S.; revising 9 circumstances under which a juvenile may be 10 prosecuted as an adult; prohibiting the court 11 from imposing a combination of adult and 12 juvenile sanctions against a juvenile; 13 providing for supervision by the department to 14 terminate if a juvenile is sentenced as an 15 adult; amending s. 39.076, F.S.; revising 16 standards for screening department personnel; 17 providing an effective date. 18 19 Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Florida: 20 21 Section 1. Paragraph (b) of subsection (59) of section 22 39.01, Florida Statutes, 1996 Supplement, is amended to read: 23 39.01 Definitions.--When used in this chapter: 24 (59) "Restrictiveness level" means the level of 25 custody provided by programs that service the custody and care 26 needs of committed children. There shall be five 27 restrictiveness levels: 28 (b) Low-risk residential.--Youth assessed and 29 classified for placement in programs at this level represent a 30 low risk to themselves and public safety and do require 31 placement and services in residential settings. Programs or 2 CODING: Words stricken are deletions; words underlined are additions. HB 1369, First Engrossed 1 program models in this restrictiveness level include: Short 2 Term Offender Programs (STOP), group treatment homes, family 3 group homes, proctor homes, and Short Term Environmental 4 Programs (STEP). Section 39.061 applies to children placed in 5 programs in this restrictiveness level. 6 Section 2. Subsection (13) of section 39.021, Florida 7 Statutes, 1996 Supplement, is amended to read: 8 39.021 Administering the juvenile justice continuum.-- 9 (13) The Department of Juvenile Justice in 10 consultation with the Juvenile Justice Advisory Board and 11 providers shall develop a cost-benefit model and apply the 12 model to each commitment program. Program recommitment rates 13 shall be a component of the model. The cost-benefit model 14 shall compare program costs to benefits to produce a 15 cost-benefit ratio. A report ranking commitment programs 16 based on cost-benefit ratios shall be submitted to the 17 appropriate substantive and appropriations committees of each 18 house of the Legislature, no later than December 31 of each 19 year. It is the intent of the Legislature that continual 20 development efforts take place to improve the validity and 21 reliability of the cost-benefit model. 22 Section 3. Subsection (2) of section 39.042, Florida 23 Statutes, is amended to read: 24 39.042 Use of detention.-- 25 (2)(a) All determinations and court orders regarding 26 placement of a child into detention care shall comply with all 27 requirements and criteria provided in this part and shall be 28 based on a risk assessment of the child, unless the child is 29 placed into detention care as provided in subparagraph (b)3. 30 (b)1. The risk assessment instrument for detention 31 care placement determinations and orders shall be developed by 3 CODING: Words stricken are deletions; words underlined are additions. HB 1369, First Engrossed 1 the Department of Juvenile Justice in agreement with 2 representatives appointed by the following associations: the 3 Conference of Circuit Judges of Florida, the Prosecuting 4 Attorneys Association, and the Public Defenders Association. 5 Each association shall appoint two individuals, one 6 representing an urban area and one representing a rural area. 7 The parties involved shall evaluate and revise the risk 8 assessment instrument as is considered necessary using the 9 method for revision as agreed by the parties. The risk 10 assessment instrument shall take into consideration, but need 11 not be limited to, prior history of failure to appear, prior 12 offenses, offenses committed pending adjudication, any 13 unlawful possession of a firearm, theft of a motor vehicle or 14 possession of a stolen motor vehicle, and community control 15 status at the time the child is taken into custody. The risk 16 assessment instrument shall also take into consideration 17 appropriate aggravating and mitigating circumstances, and 18 shall be designed to target a narrower population of children 19 than s. 39.044(2). The risk assessment instrument shall also 20 include any information concerning the child's history of 21 abuse and neglect. The risk assessment shall indicate whether 22 detention care is warranted, and, if detention care is 23 warranted, whether the child should be placed into secure, 24 nonsecure, or home detention care. 25 2. If, at the detention hearing, the court finds a 26 material error in the scoring of the risk assessment 27 instrument, the court may amend the score to reflect factual 28 accuracy. 29 3. A child who is charged with committing an offense 30 of domestic violence as defined in s. 741.28(1) and who does 31 4 CODING: Words stricken are deletions; words underlined are additions. HB 1369, First Engrossed 1 not meet detention criteria may be held in secure detention if 2 the court makes specific written findings that: 3 a. The offense of domestic violence which the child is 4 charged with committing caused physical injury to the victim; 5 b. Respite care for the child is not available; and 6 c. It is necessary to place the the child in secure 7 detention in order to protect the victim from further injury. 8 for up to 48 hours if a respite home or similar authorized 9 residential facility is not available. The court may order 10 that the child continue to be held in secure detention 11 provided that a hearing is held at the end of each 48-hour 12 period, excluding Saturdays, Sundays, and legal holidays, in 13 which the state attorney and the department may recommend to 14 the court that the child continue to be held in secure 15 detention. 16 17 The child may not be held in secure detention for more than 48 18 hours unless ordered by the court. After 48 hours, the court 19 shall hold a hearing if the state attorney or victim requests 20 that secure detention be continued. The child may continue to 21 be held in secure detention if the court makes a specific, 22 written finding that secure detention is necessary to protect 23 the victim from further injury. However, the child may not be 24 held in secure detention beyond the time limits set forth in 25 s. 39.044. 26 Section 4. Paragraph (e) of subsection (3) of section 27 39.052, Florida Statutes, 1996 Supplement, is created to read: 28 (3) TRANSFER OF A CHILD FOR PROSECUTION AS AN ADULT.-- 29 (e) Once the child has been transferred for criminal 30 prosecution as an adult, the court shall transfer and certify 31 5 CODING: Words stricken are deletions; words underlined are additions. HB 1369, First Engrossed 1 all pending juvenile court cases pertaining to that child to 2 the adult court for prosecution. 3 Section 5. Paragraphs (f) and (i) of subsection (1) of 4 section 39.054, Florida Statutes, are amended to read: 5 39.054 Powers of disposition.-- 6 (1) The court that has jurisdiction of an adjudicated 7 delinquent child may, by an order stating the facts upon which 8 a determination of a sanction and rehabilitative program was 9 made at the disposition hearing: 10 (f) As part of the community control program to be 11 implemented by the Department of Juvenile Justice, or, in the 12 case of a committed child, as part of the community-based 13 sanctions ordered by the court at the disposition hearing or 14 before the child's release from commitment, order the child to 15 make restitution in money, through a promissory note cosigned 16 by the child's parent or guardian, or in kind for any damage 17 or loss caused by the child's offense in a reasonable amount 18 or manner to be determined by the court. The clerk of the 19 circuit court shall be the receiving and dispensing agent. In 20 such case, the court shall order the child or the child's 21 parent or guardian to pay to the office of the clerk of the 22 circuit court an amount not to exceed the actual cost incurred 23 by the clerk as a result of receiving and dispensing 24 restitution payments. The clerk shall notify the court if 25 restitution is not made, and the court shall take any further 26 action that is necessary against the child or the child's 27 parent or guardian. A finding by the court, after a hearing, 28 that the parent or guardian has made diligent and good faith 29 efforts to prevent the child from engaging in delinquent acts 30 absolves the parent or guardian of liability for restitution 31 under this paragraph. 6 CODING: Words stricken are deletions; words underlined are additions. HB 1369, First Engrossed 1 (i) In addition to the sanctions imposed on the child, 2 order the parent or guardian of the child to perform community 3 service if the court finds that the parent or guardian did not 4 make a diligent and good-faith good faith effort to prevent 5 the child from engaging in delinquent acts. The court may also 6 order the parent or guardian to make restitution in money or 7 in kind for any damage or loss caused by the child's offense. 8 The court shall determine a reasonable amount or manner of 9 restitution, and payment shall be made to the clerk of the 10 circuit court as provided in paragraph (f). 11 Section 6. Subsections (6) and (9) of section 39.057, 12 Florida Statutes, are amended to read: 13 39.057 Boot camp for children.-- 14 (6) A boot camp operated by the department, a county, 15 or a municipality must provide for the following minimum 16 periods of participation: 17 (a) A participant in a low-risk residential program 18 must spend at least 2 months in the boot camp component of the 19 program and 2 months in aftercare. 20 (b) A participant in a moderate-risk residential 21 program or a high-risk residential program must spend at least 22 4 months in the boot camp component of the program and 4 23 months in aftercare. 24 25 This subsection does not preclude the operation of a program 26 that requires the participants to spend more than 4 months in 27 the boot camp component of the program or that requires the 28 participants to complete two sequential programs of 4 months 29 each in the boot camp component of the program. 30 (9) The department shall keep records and monitor 31 criminal activity, educational progress, and employment 7 CODING: Words stricken are deletions; words underlined are additions. HB 1369, First Engrossed 1 placement of all boot camp program participants in department, 2 county, and municipal boot camp programs after their release 3 from the program. The department must publish an outcome 4 evaluation study of each boot camp program within 18 months 5 after the the fourth platoon has graduated program becomes 6 operational, which includes a comparison of criminal activity, 7 educational progress, and employment placements of children 8 completing the program with the criminal activity, educational 9 progress, and employment records of children completing other 10 types of programs. 11 Section 7. Section 39.059, Florida Statutes, is 12 amended to read: 13 39.059 Community control or commitment of a child to 14 the department; disposition as an adult children prosecuted as 15 adults.-- 16 (1) A child who is found to have committed a 17 delinquent act or violation of law may, as an alternative to 18 adult other dispositions, be committed to the department for 19 treatment in an appropriate program for children outside the 20 adult correctional system or, be placed in a community control 21 program for juveniles, be classified as a youthful offender, 22 or be classified as a serious or habitual juvenile offender 23 pursuant to s. 39.058. If the court determines that the child 24 meets the criteria of a serious or habitual delinquent child, 25 the intake counselor or case manager shall consult with 26 designated staff from a serious or habitual juvenile offender 27 program to further assess the appropriateness of placing the 28 child in such program. 29 (2) Upon a plea of guilty or a finding of guilt, the 30 court may refer the case to the department for investigation 31 8 CODING: Words stricken are deletions; words underlined are additions. HB 1369, First Engrossed 1 and recommendation as to the suitability of its programs for 2 the child. 3 (3) In order to utilize this section, the court shall 4 stay and withhold adjudication of guilt and instead shall 5 adjudge the child to have committed a delinquent act. 6 Adjudication of delinquency shall not be deemed a conviction, 7 nor shall it operate to impose any of the civil disabilities 8 ordinarily resulting from a conviction. The court shall impose 9 an adult sanction or a juvenile sanction and may not sentence 10 the child to a combination of adult and juvenile punishments. 11 Either a juvenile or adult sanction may include the 12 enforcement of any restitution previously ordered in any 13 juvenile proceedings. If the court imposes a juvenile 14 sanction and the department subsequently determines the 15 sanction unsuitable for the child, the department shall return 16 the child to the sentencing court for further proceedings 17 including the imposition of adult sanctions. 18 (4) Upon adjudicating a child delinquent under 19 subsection (1), the court may shall have the power by order 20 to: 21 (a) Place the child in a community control program 22 under the supervision of the department for an indeterminate 23 period of time until the child reaches the age of 19 years or 24 sooner if discharged by order of the court. 25 (b) Commit the child to the department for treatment 26 in an appropriate program for children for an indeterminate 27 period of time until the child is 19 years of age, or 21 years 28 of age if the child is committed to a serious habitual 29 offender program or maximum-risk program, or until the child 30 is or sooner if discharged by the department. The department 31 shall notify the court of its intent to discharge no later 9 CODING: Words stricken are deletions; words underlined are additions. HB 1369, First Engrossed 1 than 14 days prior to discharge. Failure of the court to 2 timely respond to the department's notice shall be considered 3 approval for discharge. 4 (c) Commit the child to the department for placement 5 in a serious or habitual delinquent children program for an 6 indeterminate period of time until the child is 21 or sooner 7 if discharged by the treatment provider and the department. 8 The department shall notify the court of its intent to 9 discharge no later than 14 days prior to discharge. Failure 10 of the court to timely respond to the department's notice 11 shall be considered approval for discharge. 12 (5) When the court orders commitment of a child to the 13 Department of Juvenile Justice for treatment in any of the 14 department's programs for children, the court shall order the 15 natural or adoptive parents of such child, the natural father 16 of such child born out of wedlock who has acknowledged his 17 paternity in writing before the court, or guardian of such 18 child's estate, if possessed of assets which under law may be 19 disbursed for the care, support, and maintenance of the child, 20 to pay fees to the department equal to the actual cost of the 21 care, support, and maintenance of the child, unless the court 22 determines that the parent or legal guardian of the child is 23 indigent. The court may reduce the fees or waive the fees upon 24 a showing by the parent or guardian of an inability to pay the 25 full cost of the care, support, and maintenance of the child. 26 In addition, the court may waive the fees if it finds that the 27 child's parent or guardian was the victim of the child's 28 delinquent act or violation of law or if the court finds that 29 the parent or guardian has made a diligent and good faith 30 effort to prevent the child from engaging in the delinquent 31 act or violation of law. When the order affects the 10 CODING: Words stricken are deletions; words underlined are additions. HB 1369, First Engrossed 1 guardianship estate, a certified copy of the order shall be 2 delivered to the judge having jurisdiction of the guardianship 3 estate. 4 (6)(a) If a child proves not to be suitable to a 5 community control program under the provisions of paragraph 6 (4)(a), the court shall have the power to commit the child to 7 the department as described in paragraph (4)(b) or paragraph 8 (4)(c). 9 (b) If a child proves not to be suitable to a 10 community control program or for a treatment program under the 11 provisions of paragraph (4)(b) or a serious or habitual 12 delinquent children program under the provisions of paragraph 13 (4)(c), the court may revoke the previous adjudication of 14 delinquency, impose an adjudication of guilt, classify the 15 child as a youthful offender when appropriate, and impose any 16 sentence that which it may lawfully impose, giving credit for 17 all time spent by the child in the department. 18 (7)(a) At the sentencing hearing the court shall 19 receive and consider a presentence investigation report by the 20 Department of Corrections regarding the suitability of the 21 offender for disposition as an adult or as, a juvenile, or a 22 youthful offender. The presentence investigation report must 23 include a comments section prepared by the Department of 24 Juvenile Justice, with its recommendations as to disposition. 25 This report requirement may be waived by the offender. 26 (b) After considering the presentence investigation 27 report, the court shall give all parties present at the 28 hearing an opportunity to comment on the issue of sentence and 29 any proposed rehabilitative plan. Parties to the case include 30 the parent, guardian, or legal custodian of the offender; the 31 offender's counsel; the state attorney; representatives of the 11 CODING: Words stricken are deletions; words underlined are additions. HB 1369, First Engrossed 1 Department of Corrections and the Department of Juvenile 2 Justice; the victim or victim's representative; 3 representatives of the school system; and the law enforcement 4 officers involved in the case. 5 (c) In determining whether to impose youthful offender 6 or juvenile sanctions instead of adult sanctions, the court 7 shall consider the following criteria: 8 1. The seriousness of the offense to the community and 9 whether the community would best be protected by juvenile, 10 youthful offender, or adult sanctions. 11 2. Whether the offense was committed in an aggressive, 12 violent, premeditated, or willful manner. 13 3. Whether the offense was against persons or against 14 property, with greater weight being given to offenses against 15 persons, especially if personal injury resulted. 16 4. The sophistication and maturity of the offender. 17 5. The record and previous history of the offender, 18 including: 19 a. Previous contacts with the Department of 20 Corrections, the Department of Juvenile Justice, the 21 Department of Children and Family Health and Rehabilitative 22 Services, other law enforcement agencies, and the courts. 23 b. Prior periods of probation or community control. 24 c. Prior adjudications that the offender committed a 25 delinquent act or violation of law as a child. 26 d. Prior commitments to the Department of Juvenile 27 Justice, the Department of Children and Family Health and 28 Rehabilitative Services, or other facilities or institutions. 29 6. The prospects for adequate protection of the public 30 and the likelihood of deterrence and reasonable rehabilitation 31 12 CODING: Words stricken are deletions; words underlined are additions. HB 1369, First Engrossed 1 of the offender if assigned to services and facilities of the 2 Department of Juvenile Justice. 3 7. Whether the Department of Juvenile Justice has 4 appropriate programs, facilities, and services immediately 5 available. 6 8. Whether youthful offender or adult sanctions would 7 provide more appropriate punishment and deterrence to further 8 violations of law than the imposition of juvenile sanctions. 9 (d) Any decision to impose adult sanctions must be in 10 writing, but is presumed appropriate, and the court is not 11 required to set forth specific findings or enumerate the 12 criteria in this subsection as any basis for its decision to 13 impose adult sanctions. 14 (e) If the court determines not to impose youthful 15 offender or adult sanctions, the court may order disposition 16 pursuant to s. 39.054 as an alternative to youthful offender 17 or adult sentencing. 18 (f) After appropriate sanctions for the offense are 19 determined, the court shall develop, approve, and order a plan 20 of community control. The community control plan shall contain 21 rules, requirements, conditions, and programs designed to 22 encourage responsible and acceptable behavior and to promote 23 the rehabilitation of the child and the protection of the 24 community. 25 (e)(g) The court may receive and consider any other 26 relevant and material evidence, including other reports, 27 written or oral, in its effort to determine the action to be 28 taken with regard to the child, and may rely upon such 29 evidence to the extent of its probative value even if the 30 evidence would not be competent in an adjudicatory hearing. 31 13 CODING: Words stricken are deletions; words underlined are additions. HB 1369, First Engrossed 1 (f)(h) The court shall notify any victim of the 2 offense of the hearing and shall notify, or subpoena if 3 appropriate, the parents, guardians, or legal custodians of 4 the child to attend the disposition hearing. 5 (g)(i) Upon completion of the predisposition report, 6 it must be made available to the child's counsel and the state 7 attorney by the department prior to the disposition hearing. 8 (8) It is the intent of the Legislature that the 9 criteria and guidelines in this section subsection are 10 mandatory and that a determination of disposition under this 11 section subsection is subject to the right of the child to 12 appellate review under s. 39.069. 13 (9) When a child is sentenced as an adult, the court 14 shall dismiss any pending juvenile delinquency petition and 15 terminate the child's supervision by the department. 16 Section 8. Subsection (3) of section 39.076, Florida 17 Statutes, 1996 Supplement, is amended to read: 18 39.076 Departmental contracting powers; personnel 19 standards and screening.-- 20 (3) The department shall require employment screening 21 pursuant to chapter 435, using the level 2 1 standards for 22 screening set forth in that chapter, for personnel in 23 delinquency facilities, services, and programs. 24 Section 9. Section 39.0445, Florida Statutes, is 25 repealed. 26 Section 10. This act shall take effect October 1, 27 1997. 28 29 30 31 14