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Senate Bill 0210

Florida Senate - 1998 SB 210 By Senator Rossin 35-90-98 1 A bill to be entitled 2 An act relating to the rights of accused 3 persons; amending s. 918.015, F.S.; allowing 4 the Florida Supreme Court discretion in 5 adopting rules that provide for the right of a 6 defendant to a speedy trial; prohibiting a 7 court from discharging a defendant from 8 prosecution unless the court finds a 9 substantive violation of the defendant's right 10 to a speedy trial; amending s. 985.218, F.S.; 11 deleting provisions that provide for dismissal 12 with prejudice if an adjudicatory hearing for a 13 juvenile offender is not held within a 14 specified time; providing for the release of 15 the juvenile until such adjudicatory hearing is 16 complete; repealing Rule 3.191, Florida Rules 17 of Criminal Procedure, relating to a 18 defendant's right to a trial within a specified 19 time; repealing Rule 8.090, Florida Rules of 20 Juvenile Procedure, relating to a juvenile's 21 right to an adjudicatory hearing within a 22 specified time; providing a contingent 23 effective date. 24 25 WHEREAS, Section 16, Article I of the State 26 Constitution and the Sixth Amendment to the United States 27 Constitution give criminal defendants the right to a speedy 28 and public trial, and 29 WHEREAS, in 1971, the Legislature enacted chapter 30 71-1(B), Laws of Florida, which authorized the Florida Supreme 31 1 CODING: Words stricken are deletions; words underlined are additions. Florida Senate - 1998 SB 210 35-90-98 1 Court to make rules of procedure that relate to criminal 2 defendants' right to a speedy trial, and 3 WHEREAS, Rule 3.191, Florida Rules of Criminal 4 Procedure, and Rule 8.090, Florida Rules of Juvenile 5 Procedure, create time periods for a speedy trial which are 6 much stricter than constitutionally necessary and that require 7 courts to dismiss prosecutions against accused criminals and 8 juveniles who have suffered neither a violation of a 9 constitutional right nor an unfair trial, and 10 WHEREAS, the Legislature recognizes that justice 11 delayed is truly justice denied and the courts of this state 12 need rules of practice and procedure to implement both the 13 accused's and the state's right to a speedy trial, and 14 WHEREAS, the Legislature agrees with the dissent in 15 Reed v. State, 649 So.2d 227 (Fla. 1995) which states that 16 current rules that guarantee a speedy trial have created a 17 substantive right of accused criminals and juvenile offenders 18 that encroach upon the power of the Legislature, go far beyond 19 constitutional requirements, and substantially eviscerate the 20 statutes of limitations enacted by the Legislature, and 21 WHEREAS, it is the intent of the Legislature that a 22 defendant or juvenile offender not be forever discharged from 23 prosecution as a consequence of a violation of a speedy-trial 24 rule when there is no concomitant violation of a 25 constitutional or statutory right, NOW, THEREFORE, 26 27 Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Florida: 28 29 Section 1. Section 918.015, Florida Statutes, is 30 amended to read: 31 918.015 Right to speedy trial.-- 2 CODING: Words stricken are deletions; words underlined are additions. Florida Senate - 1998 SB 210 35-90-98 1 (1) In all criminal prosecutions the state and the 2 defendant shall each have the right to a speedy trial. 3 (2) The Supreme Court may shall, by rule of said 4 court, provide procedures through which the right of the state 5 and the defendant to a speedy trial as guaranteed by 6 subsection (1) and by s. 16, Art. I of the State Constitution, 7 shall be realized. However, a court may not discharge a 8 criminal defendant from prosecution unless it finds a 9 substantive violation of the defendant's constitutional right 10 to a speedy trial. 11 Section 2. Subsection (6) of section 985.218, Florida 12 Statutes, is amended to read: 13 985.218 Petition.-- 14 (6)(a) If a petition has been filed alleging that a 15 child has committed a delinquent act or violation of law, and 16 no demand for speedy trial has been made pursuant to paragraph 17 (d), the adjudicatory hearing on the petition must be 18 commenced within 90 days after the earlier of: 19 1. The date the child is taken into custody; or 20 2. The date the petition is filed. 21 (b) A child shall be deemed to have been brought to 22 trial if the adjudicatory hearing begins before the judge 23 within the time provided. If the adjudicatory hearing is not 24 commenced within 90 days or an extension thereof as 25 hereinafter provided in paragraph (c), the child must be 26 released from all conditions of detention care until the 27 adjudicatory hearing is completed the petition shall be 28 dismissed with prejudice. 29 (c) The court may extend the period of time prescribed 30 in paragraph (a) on motion of any party, after hearing, on a 31 finding of cause or that the interest of the child will be 3 CODING: Words stricken are deletions; words underlined are additions. Florida Senate - 1998 SB 210 35-90-98 1 served by such extension. The order extending such period 2 must shall state the reasons therefor. The general congestion 3 of the court's docket, lack of diligent preparation, failure 4 to obtain available witnesses, or other avoidable or 5 foreseeable delays are not sufficient cause for such 6 extension. 7 Section 3. Rule 3.191, Florida Rules of Criminal 8 Procedure and Rule 8.090, Florida Rules of Juvenile Procedure, 9 are repealed. 10 Section 4. This act shall take effect October 1, 1998, 11 but section 3 of this act shall take effect only if this act 12 is enacted by a two-thirds vote of the membership of each 13 house of the Legislature. 14 15 ***************************************** 16 SENATE SUMMARY 17 Repeals Rule 3.191, Florida Rules of Criminal Procedure, and Rule 8.090, Florida Rules of Juvenile Procedure, 18 which implement the constitutional right of a defendant or juvenile offender to a speedy trial or hearing. 19 Prohibits a court from discharging a defendant from prosecution unless the court finds that the defendant's 20 right to a speedy trial has been substantively violated. Deletes a provision that required the court to dismiss a 21 petition against a juvenile, with prejudice, if the child's adjudicatory hearing had not been held within the 22 specified time. Provides for the juvenile to be released from custody until the hearing is complete. 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 4