House Bill 3373c1

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    Florida House of Representatives - 1998             CS/HB 3373

        By the Committee on Crime & Punishment and Representative
    Tamargo





  1                      A bill to be entitled

  2         An act relating to pretrial detention; amending

  3         s. 907.041, F.S.; revising criteria for

  4         pretrial detention; deleting requirement for

  5         additional court findings for pretrial

  6         detention; permitting pretrial detention for

  7         any violation of conditions of pretrial release

  8         or bond which, in the discretion of the court,

  9         supports a finding that no condition of release

10         can reasonably protect the community from

11         physical harm, assure the presence of the

12         accused at trial, or assure the integrity of

13         the judicial process; deleting limitation upon

14         detention period when detention is based on

15         threat of harm to the community; authorizing a

16         court to detain a defendant at a bail hearing

17         without separate hearing or motion for pretrial

18         detention; authorizing the state to orally move

19         for pretrial detention anytime the defendant is

20         before the court for a bail hearing; providing

21         for construction; repealing Rules 3.131 and

22         3.132, Florida Rules of Criminal Procedure,

23         relating to pretrial release and pretrial

24         detention, to the extent of inconsistency with

25         the act; providing an effective date.

26

27  Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Florida:

28

29         Section 1.  Subsection (4) of section 907.041, Florida

30  Statutes, is amended to read:

31         907.041  Pretrial detention and release.--

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    Florida House of Representatives - 1998             CS/HB 3373

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  1         (4)  PRETRIAL DETENTION.--

  2         (a)  As used in this subsection, "dangerous crime"

  3  means any of the following:

  4         1.  Arson;

  5         2.  Aggravated assault;

  6         3.  Aggravated battery;

  7         4.  Illegal use of explosives;

  8         5.  Child abuse or aggravated child abuse;

  9         6.  Abuse of an elderly person or disabled adult; or

10  aggravated abuse of an elderly person or disabled adult;

11         7.  Hijacking;

12         8.  Kidnapping;

13         9.  Homicide;

14         10.  Manslaughter;

15         11.  Sexual battery;

16         12.  Robbery;

17         13.  Carjacking;

18         14.  Lewd, lascivious, or indecent assault or act upon

19  or in presence of a child under the age of 16 years;

20         15.  Sexual activity with a child, who is 12 years of

21  age or older but less than 18 years of age, by or at

22  solicitation of person in familial or custodial authority;

23         16.  Burglary of a dwelling;

24         17.  Stalking and aggravated stalking;

25         18.  Act of domestic violence as defined in s. 741.28;

26  and

27         19.  Attempting or conspiring to commit any such crime;

28  and home-invasion robbery.

29         (b)  The court may order pretrial detention if it finds

30  a substantial probability, based on a defendant's past and

31  present patterns of behavior, the criteria in s. 903.046, and

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    Florida House of Representatives - 1998             CS/HB 3373

    189-840-98






  1  any other relevant facts, that any of the following

  2  circumstances exists:

  3         1.  The defendant has previously violated conditions of

  4  release and that no further conditions of release are

  5  reasonably likely to assure the defendant's appearance at

  6  subsequent proceedings;

  7         2.  The defendant, with the intent to obstruct the

  8  judicial process, has threatened, intimidated, or injured any

  9  victim, potential witness, juror, or judicial officer, or has

10  attempted or conspired to do so, or that no condition of

11  release will reasonably assure the integrity of prevent the

12  obstruction of the judicial process;

13         3.  The defendant is charged with trafficking in

14  controlled substances as defined by s. 893.135, that there is

15  a substantial probability that the defendant has committed the

16  offense, and that no conditions of release will reasonably

17  assure the defendant's appearance at subsequent criminal

18  proceedings; or

19         4.  The defendant poses the threat of harm to the

20  community.  The court may so conclude if it finds that the

21  defendant is presently charged with a dangerous crime, that

22  there is a substantial probability that the defendant

23  committed such crime, that the factual circumstances of the

24  crime indicate a disregard for the safety of the community,

25  and that there are no conditions of release reasonably

26  sufficient to protect the community from the risk of physical

27  harm to persons. In addition, the court must find that at

28  least one of the following conditions is present:

29         a.  The defendant has previously been convicted of a

30  crime punishable by death or life imprisonment.

31

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    Florida House of Representatives - 1998             CS/HB 3373

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  1         b.  The defendant has been convicted of a dangerous

  2  crime within the 10 years immediately preceding the date of

  3  his or her arrest for the crime presently charged.

  4         5.c.  The defendant was is on probation, parole, or

  5  other release pending completion of sentence or on pretrial

  6  release for a dangerous crime at the time of the current

  7  offense was committed arrest.

  8         6.  The defendant has violated one or more conditions

  9  of pretrial release or bond for the offense currently before

10  the court and the violation, in the discretion of the court,

11  supports a finding that no conditions of release can

12  reasonably protect the community from risk of physical harm to

13  persons, assure the presence of the accused at trial, or

14  assure the integrity of the judicial process.

15         (c)  When a person charged with a crime for which

16  pretrial detention could be ordered is arrested, the arresting

17  agency shall promptly notify the state attorney of the arrest

18  and shall provide the state attorney with such information as

19  the arresting agency has obtained relative to:

20         1.  The nature and circumstances of the offense

21  charged;

22         2.  The nature of any physical evidence seized and the

23  contents of any statements obtained from the defendant or any

24  witness;

25         3.  The defendant's family ties, residence, employment,

26  financial condition, and mental condition; and

27         4.  The defendant's past conduct and present conduct,

28  including any record of convictions, previous flight to avoid

29  prosecution, or failure to appear at court proceedings.

30         (d)  When a person charged with a crime for which

31  pretrial detention could be ordered is arrested, the arresting

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    Florida House of Representatives - 1998             CS/HB 3373

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  1  agency may detain such defendant, prior to the filing by the

  2  state attorney of a motion seeking pretrial detention, for a

  3  period not to exceed 24 hours.

  4         (e)  The court shall order detention only after a

  5  pretrial detention hearing.  The pretrial detention hearing

  6  shall be held within 5 days of the filing by the state

  7  attorney of a complaint to seek pretrial detention.  The

  8  defendant may request a continuance.  No continuance shall be

  9  for longer than 5 days unless there are extenuating

10  circumstances. The defendant may be detained pending the

11  hearing.  The state attorney shall be entitled to one

12  continuance for good cause.

13         (f)  The state attorney has the burden of showing the

14  need for pretrial detention.

15         (g)  The defendant is entitled to be represented by

16  counsel, to present witnesses and evidence, and to

17  cross-examine witnesses.  The court may admit relevant

18  evidence without complying with the rules of evidence, but

19  evidence secured in violation of the United States

20  Constitution or the Constitution of the State of Florida shall

21  not be admissible.  No testimony by the defendant shall be

22  admissible to prove guilt at any other judicial proceeding,

23  but such testimony may be admitted in an action for perjury,

24  based upon the defendant's statements made at the pretrial

25  detention hearing, or for impeachment.

26         (h)  The pretrial detention order of the court shall be

27  based solely upon evidence produced at the hearing and shall

28  contain findings of fact and conclusions of law to support it.

29  The order shall be made either in writing or orally on the

30  record. The court shall render its findings within 24 hours of

31  the pretrial detention hearing.

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    Florida House of Representatives - 1998             CS/HB 3373

    189-840-98






  1         (i)  If ordered detained pending trial pursuant to

  2  subparagraph (b)4., the defendant may not be held for more

  3  than 90 days.  Failure of the state to bring the defendant to

  4  trial within that time shall result in the defendant's release

  5  from detention, subject to any conditions of release, unless

  6  the trial delay was requested or caused by the defendant or

  7  his or her counsel.

  8         (i)(j)  A defendant convicted at trial following the

  9  issuance of a pretrial detention order shall have credited to

10  his or her sentence, if imprisonment is imposed, the time the

11  defendant was held under the order, pursuant to s. 921.161.

12         (j)(k)  The defendant shall be entitled to dissolution

13  of the pretrial detention order whenever the court finds that

14  a subsequent event has eliminated the basis for detention.

15         (k)  Nothing in this section shall be construed to

16  require the filing of a motion for pretrial detention as a

17  condition precedent to detaining the defendant if the

18  defendant is brought before the court for a bail hearing.

19  Notwithstanding paragraph (e), the state may orally move for

20  pretrial detention any time a defendant is before the court

21  for a bail hearing.

22         Section 2.  Rules 3.131 and 3.132, Florida Rules of

23  Criminal Procedure, are hereby repealed to the extent that

24  they are inconsistent with this act.

25         Section 3.  This act shall take effect upon becoming a

26  law, except that section 2 shall take effect only if this act

27  is passed by the affirmative vote of two-thirds of the

28  membership of each house of the Legislature.

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