Senate Bill 0646e1

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  1                      A bill to be entitled

  2         An act relating to sexually violent predators;

  3         requesting that the Division of Statutory

  4         Revision redesignate ch. 916, F.S.; amending s.

  5         916.10, F.S.; providing a short title; creating

  6         s. 916.30, F.S.; providing a short title;

  7         creating s. 916.31, F.S.; providing legislative

  8         findings and intent; creating s. 916.32, F.S.;

  9         defining terms; creating s. 916.33, F.S.;

10         requiring notice of release from custody of a

11         person alleged to be a sexually violent

12         predator; providing for evaluation of such

13         person; creating s. 916.34, F.S.; providing for

14         petition to have such person declared a

15         sexually violent predator; creating s. 916.35,

16         F.S.; providing for determination of probable

17         cause, for hearings, and for taking such person

18         into custody; creating s. 916.36, F.S.;

19         providing for trial on the issue of whether

20         such person is a sexually violent predator;

21         creating s. 916.37, F.S.; providing for

22         commitment of a person determined to be a

23         sexually violent predator; creating s. 916.38,

24         F.S.; requiring examinations of persons

25         committed; creating s. 916.39, F.S.; providing

26         for petitions for release; creating s. 916.40,

27         F.S.; authorizing petition for release;

28         creating s. 916.41, F.S.; providing for access

29         to certain records; creating s. 916.42, F.S.;

30         requiring detention and commitment to conform

31         to constitutional requirements; creating s.


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  1         916.43, F.S.; providing immunity from civil

  2         liability; creating s. 916.44; providing

  3         severability; creating s. 916.45, F.S.;

  4         providing for retrospective and prospective

  5         application; creating s. 916.46, F.S.;

  6         providing for notice to victims; creating s.

  7         916.47, F.S.; penalizing escape; creating s.

  8         916.48, F.S.; authorizing subsistence fees and

  9         costs; creating s. 916.49, F.S.; providing that

10         the Department of Children and Family Services

11         is responsible for costs; providing that other

12         costs for psychological evaluations, expert

13         witnesses, and court-appointed counsel are paid

14         from state funds; authorizing the Department of

15         Children and Family Services to contract for

16         the use of facilities; providing an

17         appropriation; providing an effective date.

18

19  Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Florida:

20

21         Section 1.  The Division of Statutory Revision of the

22  Joint Legislative Management Committee shall change the name

23  of chapter 916, Florida Statutes, from "Mentally Deficient and

24  Mentally Ill Defendants" to "Mentally Deficient and Mentally

25  Ill Defendants; Civil Commitment of Sexually Violent

26  Predators."

27         Section 2.  Section 916.10, Florida Statutes, is

28  amended to read:

29         916.10  Short title.--Sections 916.10-916.20 This

30  chapter may be cited as the "Forensic Client Services Act."

31


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  1         Section 3.  Section 916.30, Florida Statutes, is

  2  created to read:

  3         916.30  Sections 916.30-916.49 may be cited as the "The

  4  Jimmy Ryce Act of 1998."

  5         Section 4.  Section 916.31, Florida Statutes, is

  6  created to read:

  7         916.31  Legislative findings and intent.--The

  8  Legislature finds that a mentally abnormal and extremely

  9  dangerous group of sexually violent predators exists and

10  requires involuntary civil commitment for long-term control,

11  care, and treatment. The Legislature further finds that the

12  likelihood that sexually violent predators will engage in

13  repeat acts of sexual violence, if not treated for their

14  mental conditions, is significant. Because the existing civil

15  commitment process under the Baker Act is inadequate to

16  address the special needs of sexually violent predators and

17  the risks that they present to society, the Legislature

18  determines that a separate involuntary civil commitment

19  process for the long-term control, care, and treatment of

20  sexually violent predators is necessary. The Legislature also

21  determines that, because of the nature of the mental

22  conditions from which sexually violent predators suffer and

23  the dangers they present, it is necessary to house

24  involuntarily committed sexually violent predators in an

25  environment separate from persons involuntarily committed

26  under traditional civil commitment statutes.

27         Section 5.  Section 916.32, Florida Statutes, is

28  created to read:

29         916.32  Definitions.--As used in ss. 916.30-916.49, the

30  term:

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  1         (1)  "Agency with jurisdiction" means the agency that

  2  releases, upon lawful order or authority, a person serving a

  3  sentence in the custody of the Department of Corrections, a

  4  person adjudicated delinquent and committed to the custody of

  5  the Department of Juvenile Justice or a person who was

  6  involuntarily committed to the custody of the Department of

  7  Children and Family Services upon an adjudication of not

  8  guilty by reason of insanity.

  9         (2)  "Convicted of a sexually violent offense" means a

10  person who has been:

11         (a)  Adjudicated guilty of a sexually violent offense

12  after a trial, guilty plea, or plea of nolo contendere;

13         (b)  Adjudicated not guilty by reason of insanity of a

14  sexually violent offense; or

15         (c)  Adjudicated delinquent of a sexually violent

16  offense after a trial, guilty plea, or plea of nolo

17  contendere.

18         (3)  "Department" means the Department of Children and

19  Family Services.

20         (4)  "Likely to engage in acts of sexual violence"

21  means the person's propensity to commit acts of sexual

22  violence is of such a degree as to pose a menace to the health

23  and safety of others.

24         (5)  "Mental abnormality" means a mental condition

25  affecting a person's emotional or volitional capacity which

26  predisposes the person to commit sexually violent offenses.

27         (6)  "Person" means an individual 18 years of age or

28  older who is a potential or actual subject of proceedings

29  under ss. 916.30-916.49.

30

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  1         (7)  "Sexually motivated" means that one of the

  2  purposes for which the defendant committed the crime was for

  3  sexual gratification.

  4         (8)  "Sexually violent offense" means:

  5         (a)  Murder of a human being while engaged in sexual

  6  battery in violation of s. 782.04(1)(a)2.;

  7         (b)  Kidnapping of a child under the age of 16 and, in

  8  the course of that offense, committing:

  9         1.  Sexual battery; or

10         2.  A lewd, lascivious, or indecent assault or act upon

11  or in the presence of the child;

12         (c)  Committing the offense of false imprisonment upon

13  a child under the age of 16 and, in the course of that

14  offense, committing:

15         1.  Sexual battery; or

16         2.  A lewd, lascivious or indecent assault or act upon

17  or in the presence of the child;

18         (d)  Sexual battery in violation of s. 794.011;

19         (e)  Lewd, lascivious, or indecent assault or act upon

20  or in presence of the child in violation of s. 800.04;

21         (f)  An attempt, criminal solicitation, or conspiracy,

22  in violation of s. 777.04, of a sexually violent offense;

23         (g)  Any conviction for a felony offense in effect at

24  any time before July 1, 1998, which is comparable to a

25  sexually violent offense under paragraphs (a)-(f) or any

26  federal conviction or conviction in another state for a felony

27  offense that in this state would be a sexually violent

28  offense; or

29         (h)  Any criminal act that, either at the time of

30  sentencing for the offense or subsequently during civil

31  commitment proceedings under ss. 916.30-916.49, has been


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  1  determined beyond a reasonable doubt to have been sexually

  2  motivated.

  3         (9)  "Sexually violent predator" means any person who:

  4         (a)  Has been convicted of a sexually violent offense;

  5  and

  6         (b)  Suffers from a mental abnormality or personality

  7  disorder that makes the person likely to engage in acts of

  8  sexual violence if not confined in a secure facility for

  9  long-term control, care, and treatment.

10         (10) "Total confinement" means that the person is

11  currently being held in any physically secure facility being

12  operated or contractually operated for the Department of

13  Corrections, the Department of Juvenile Justice, or the

14  Department of Children and Family Services.

15         Section 6.  Section 916.33, Florida Statutes, is

16  created to read:

17         916.33  Notice to state attorney and multidisciplinary

18  team of release of sexually violent predator; establishing

19  multidisciplinary team.--

20         (1)  The agency having jurisdiction over a person who

21  has been convicted of a sexually violent offense shall give

22  written notice to the multidisciplinary team, and a copy to

23  the state attorney of the circuit where that person was last

24  convicted of a sexually violent offense, 180 days or, in the

25  case of an adjudicated committed delinquent, 90 days before:

26         (a)  The anticipated release from total confinement of

27  a person who has been convicted of a sexually violent offense,

28  except that in the case of persons who have been returned to

29  confinement for no more than 90 days, written notice must be

30  given as soon as practicable following the person's return to

31  confinement; or


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  1         (b)  The anticipated hearing regarding possible release

  2  of a person who has been found not guilty by reason of

  3  insanity or mental incapacity of a sexually violent offense.

  4         (2)  The agency having jurisdiction shall provide the

  5  multidisciplinary team with the following information:

  6         (a)  The person's name; identifying characteristics;

  7  anticipated future residence; the type of supervision the

  8  person will receive in the community, if any; and the person's

  9  offense history; and

10         (b)  Documentation of institutional adjustment and any

11  treatment received and, in the case of an adjudicated

12  delinquent committed to the Department of Juvenile Justice,

13  copies of the most recent performance plan and performance

14  summary.

15

16  The provisions of this section are not jurisdictional, and

17  failure to comply with them in no way prevents the state

18  attorney from proceeding against a person otherwise subject to

19  the provisions of ss. 916.30-916.49. However, the state

20  attorney has no lawful authority to file a petition with the

21  circuit court alleging that a person is a sexually violent

22  predator without a written assessment and recommendation from

23  the multidisciplinary team.

24         (3)  The Secretary of Children and Family Services

25  shall establish a multidisciplinary team, which shall include

26  a person knowledgeable in the field of law enforcement

27  designated by the Attorney General, a licensed psychologist, a

28  licensed psychiatrist, a person designated by the Department

29  of Corrections who is knowledgeable in the treatment of sexual

30  offenders, and a mental health counselor licensed under

31  chapter 491, to review available records of each person


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  1  referred to such team under subsection (1). The team, within

  2  45 days after receiving notice, shall assess whether the

  3  person meets the definition of a sexually violent predator and

  4  provide the state attorney with its written assessment and

  5  recommendation.

  6         Section 7.  Section 916.34, Florida Statutes, is

  7  created to read:

  8         916.34  Petition; time; contents.--When a

  9  multidisciplinary team determines that a person meets the

10  definition of a sexually violent predator as provided in s.

11  916.32, the state attorney in the judicial circuit where the

12  person committed the sexually violent offense may file a

13  petition with the circuit court alleging that the person is a

14  sexually violent predator and stating facts sufficient to

15  support such allegation.

16         Section 8.  Section 916.35, Florida Statutes, is

17  created to read:

18         916.35  Determination of probable cause; hearing;

19  evaluation; respondent taken into custody; bail.--

20         (1)  When the state attorney files a petition seeking

21  to have a person declared a sexually violent predator, the

22  judge shall determine whether probable cause exists to believe

23  that the person named in the petition is a sexually violent

24  predator. If the judge determines that there is probable cause

25  to believe that the person is a sexually violent predator, the

26  judge shall direct that the person be taken into custody and

27  held in an appropriate secure facility or, in the case of an

28  adjudicated committed delinquent, the closest regional

29  juvenile secure detention facility to the county where the

30  petition was filed.

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  1         (2)  Before the release from custody of a person whom

  2  the multidisciplinary team recommends for civil confinement,

  3  but after the state attorney files a petition under s. 916.33,

  4  the state attorney may further petition the court for an

  5  adversarial probable cause hearing. The person shall be

  6  provided with notice of, and an opportunity to appear in

  7  person at, an adversary hearing. At this hearing, the judge

  8  shall:

  9         (a)  Receive evidence and hear argument from the person

10  and the state attorney; and

11         (b)  Determine whether probable cause exists to believe

12  that the person is a sexually violent predator.

13         (3)  At the probable cause hearing, the person has the

14  right to:

15         (a)  Be represented by counsel;

16         (b)  Present evidence;

17         (c)  Cross-examine any witnesses who testify against

18  the person; and

19         (d)  View and copy all petitions and reports in the

20  court file.

21         (4)  If the court again concludes that there is

22  probable cause to believe that the person is a sexually

23  violent predator, the court shall direct that the person be

24  held in a county jail or a detention facility in the county

25  where the petition was filed for an evaluation by a mental

26  health professional.

27         (5)  After a court finds probable cause to believe that

28  the person is a sexually violent predator, the person must be

29  held in custody in a secure facility without opportunity for

30  pretrial release or release during the trial proceedings.

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  1         Section 9.  Section 916.36, Florida Statutes, is

  2  created to read:

  3         916.36  Trial; counsel and experts; indigent persons;

  4  jury.--

  5         (1)  Within 30 days after the determination of probable

  6  cause, the court shall conduct a trial to determine whether

  7  the person is a sexually violent predator.

  8         (2)  The trial may be continued upon the request of

  9  either party and a showing of good cause, or by the court on

10  its own motion in the interests of justice, when the person

11  will not be substantially prejudiced.

12         (3)  The person is entitled to the assistance of

13  counsel and, if the person is indigent, the court shall

14  appoint counsel to assist the person.

15         (4)  If the person is subjected to a mental health

16  examination under this chapter, the person also may retain

17  experts or mental health professionals to perform an

18  examination. If the person wishes to be examined by a

19  professional of the person's own choice, the examiner must be

20  provided reasonable access to the person, as well as to all

21  relevant medical and mental health records and reports. In the

22  case of a person who is indigent, the court, upon the person's

23  request, shall determine whether such an examination is

24  necessary. If the court determines that an examination is

25  necessary, the court shall appoint a mental health

26  professional and determine the reasonable compensation for the

27  professional's services.

28         (5)  The person or the state attorney has the right to

29  demand that the trial be before a jury. A demand for a jury

30  trial must be filed, in writing, at least 5 days before the

31  trial. If no demand is made, the trial shall be to the court.


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  1         Section 10.  Section 916.37, Florida Statutes, is

  2  created to read:

  3         916.37  Determination; commitment procedure; mistrials;

  4  housing.--

  5         (1)  The court or jury shall determine by clear and

  6  convincing evidence whether the person is a sexually violent

  7  predator. If the determination is made by a jury, the decision

  8  must be unanimous. If a majority of the jury finds that the

  9  person is a sexually violent predator, but the decision is not

10  unanimous, the state attorney may refile the petition and

11  proceed according to the provisions of ss. 916.30-916.49. Any

12  retrial must occur within 90 days after the previous trial,

13  unless the subsequent proceeding is continued in accordance

14  with s. 916.36(2). The determination that a person is a

15  sexually violent predator may be appealed.

16         (2)  If the court or jury determines that the person is

17  a sexually violent predator, the person shall be committed to

18  the custody of the Department of Children and Family Services

19  for control, care, and treatment until such time as the

20  person's mental abnormality or personality disorder has so

21  changed that it is safe for the person to be at large. Such

22  control, care, and treatment shall be provided at a facility

23  operated by the Department of Children and Family Services. At

24  all times, sexually violent predators who are committed for

25  control, care, and treatment by the Department of Children and

26  Family Services under this section shall be kept in a secure

27  facility segregated from patients who are not committed under

28  this section.

29         Section 11.  Section 916.38, Florida Statutes, is

30  created to read:

31         916.38  Examinations.--


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  1         (1)  A person committed under ss. 916.30-916.49 shall

  2  have an examination of his or her mental condition once every

  3  3 years or more frequently at the court's discretion. The

  4  person may retain or, if the person is indigent and so

  5  requests, the court may appoint, a qualified professional to

  6  examine the person. Such a professional shall have access to

  7  all records concerning the person. The results of the

  8  examination shall be provided to the court that committed the

  9  person under ss. 916.30-916.49. Upon receipt of the report,

10  the court shall conduct a review of the person's status.

11         (2)  The department shall provide the person with

12  annual written notice of the person's right to petition the

13  court for release over the objection of the director of the

14  facility where the person is housed. The notice must contain a

15  waiver of rights. The director of the facility shall forward

16  the notice and waiver form to the court.

17         (3)  The court shall hold a limited hearing to

18  determine whether there is probable cause to believe that the

19  person's condition has so changed that it is safe for the

20  person to be at large and that the person will not engage in

21  acts of sexual violence if discharged. The person has the

22  right to be represented by counsel at the probable cause

23  hearing, but the person is not entitled to be present. If the

24  court determines that there is probable cause to believe it is

25  safe to release the person, the court shall set a trial before

26  the court on the issue.

27         (4)  At the trial before the court, the person is

28  entitled to be present and is entitled to the benefit of all

29  constitutional protections afforded the person at the initial

30  trial, except for the right to a jury. The state attorney

31  shall represent the state and has the right to have the person


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  1  examined by professionals chosen by the state. At the hearing

  2  the state bears the burden of proving, by clear and convincing

  3  evidence, that the person's mental condition remains such that

  4  it is not safe for the person to be at large and that, if

  5  released, the person is likely to engage in acts of sexual

  6  violence.

  7         Section 12.  Section 916.39, Florida Statutes, is

  8  created to read:

  9         916.39  Authorized petition for release; procedure.--

10         (1)  If the Secretary of Children and Family Services

11  or the secretary's designee at any time determines that the

12  person is not likely to commit acts of sexual violence if

13  conditionally discharged, the secretary or the secretary's

14  designee shall authorize the person to petition the court for

15  release.  The petition shall be served upon the court and the

16  state attorney.  The court, upon receipt of such a petition,

17  shall order a trial before the court within 30 days, unless

18  continued for good cause.

19         (2)  The state attorney shall represent the state, and

20  has the right to have the person examined by professionals of

21  the state attorney's choice. The state bears the burden of

22  proving, by clear and convincing evidence, that the person's

23  mental condition remains such that it is not safe for the

24  person to be at large and that, if released, the person is

25  likely to engage in acts of sexual violence.

26         Section 13.  Section 916.40, Florida Statutes, is

27  created to read:

28         916.40  Petition for release.--Sections 916.30-916.49

29  do not prohibit a person from filing a petition for discharge

30  at any time. However, if the person has previously filed such

31  a petition without the approval of the Secretary of Children


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  1  and Family Services or the secretary's designee and the court

  2  determined that the petition was without merit, a subsequent

  3  petition shall be denied unless the petition contains facts

  4  upon which a court could find that the person's condition has

  5  so changed that a probable-cause hearing is warranted.

  6         Section 14.  Section 916.41, Florida Statutes, is

  7  created to read:

  8         916.41  Release of records to state attorney.--

  9         (1)  In order to protect the public, relevant

10  information and records that are otherwise confidential or

11  privileged shall be released to the agency having jurisdiction

12  or to the state attorney for the purpose of meeting the notice

13  requirements of ss. 916.30-916.49 and determining whether a

14  person is or continues to be a sexually violent predator.

15         (2)  Psychological or psychiatric reports, drug and

16  alcohol reports, treatment records, medical records, or victim

17  impact statements that have been submitted to the court or

18  admitted into evidence under ss. 916.30-916.49 shall be part

19  of the record, but shall be sealed and may be opened only

20  pursuant to a court order.

21         Section 15.  Section 916.42, Florida Statutes, is

22  created to read:

23         916.42  Constitutional requirements.--The long-term

24  control, care, and treatment of a person committed under ss.

25  916.30-916.49 must conform to constitutional requirements.

26         Section 16.  Section 916.43, Florida Statutes, is

27  created to read:

28         916.43  Immunity from civil liability.--The agency with

29  jurisdiction and its officers and employees; the department

30  and its officers and employees; the state attorney and the

31  state attorney's employees; and those involved in the


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  1  evaluation, care, and treatment of sexually violent persons

  2  committed under ss. 916.30-916.49, are immune from any civil

  3  liability for good-faith conduct under ss. 916.30-916.49.

  4         Section 17.  Section 916.44, Florida Statutes, is

  5  created to read:

  6         916.44  Severability.--If any section, subsection, or

  7  provision of ss. 916.30-916.49 is held to be unconstitutional

  8  or invalid by a court of competent jurisdiction, the remaining

  9  portions of ss. 916.30-916.49 shall be unaffected because the

10  Legislature declares that the provisions of ss. 916.30-916.49

11  are severable from each other.

12         Section 18.  Section 916.45, Florida Statutes, is

13  created to read:

14         916.45  Applicability of act.--Sections 916.30-916.49

15  apply to all persons currently in custody who have been

16  convicted of a sexually violent offense, as that term is

17  defined in s. 916.32(8), as well as to all persons convicted

18  of a sexually violent offense in the future.

19         Section 19.  Section 916.46, Florida Statutes, is

20  created to read:

21         916.46  Notice to victims of release of persons

22  committed as sexually violent predators.--As soon as is

23  practicable, the department shall give written notice of the

24  release of a person committed as a sexually violent predator

25  to any victim of the committed person who is alive and whose

26  address is known to the department or, if the victim is

27  deceased, to the victim's family, if the family's address is

28  known to the department. Failure to notify is not a reason for

29  postponement of release. This section does not create a cause

30  of action against the state or an employee of the state acting

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  1  within the scope of the employee's employment as a result of

  2  the failure to notify pursuant to ss. 916.30-916.49.

  3         Section 20.  Section 916.47, Florida Statutes, is

  4  created to read:

  5         916.47  Escape while in lawful custody.--A person who

  6  is held in lawful custody pursuant to a judicial finding of

  7  probably cause under s. 916.35 or pursuant to a commitment as

  8  a sexually violent predator under s. 916.36 and who escapes or

  9  attempts to escape while in such custody commits a felony of

10  the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s.

11  775.083, or s. 775.084.

12         Section 21.  Section 916.48, Florida Statutes, is

13  created to read:

14         916.48  Subsistence fees and costs of treatment.--

15         (1)  In recognition of the fact that persons committed

16  under ss. 916.30-916.49 may have sources of income and assets,

17  which may include bank accounts, inheritances, real estate,

18  social security payments, veteran's payments, and other types

19  of financial resources, and in recognition of the fact that

20  the daily subsistence cost and costs of treatment of persons

21  committed under ss. 916.30-916.49 are a burden on the

22  taxpayers of the state, each person so committed shall:

23         (a)  Upon order of the court committing the person,

24  disclose all revenue or assets to the department.

25         (b)  Pay from such income and assets, except where such

26  income is exempt by state or federal law, all or a fair

27  portion of the person's daily subsistence and treatment costs,

28  based upon the person's ability to pay, the liability or

29  potential liability of the person to the victim or the

30  guardian or the estate of the victim, and the needs of his or

31  her dependents.


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    CS for CS for SB 646                           First Engrossed



  1         (2)(a)  Any person who is directed to pay all or a fair

  2  portion of daily subsistence and treatment costs is entitled

  3  to reasonable advance notice of the assessment and shall be

  4  afforded an opportunity to present reasons for opposition to

  5  the assessment.

  6         (b)  An order directing payment of all or a fair

  7  portion of a person's daily subsistence costs may survive

  8  against the estate of the person.

  9         Section 22.  Section 916.49, Florida Statutes, is

10  created to read:

11         916.49  Department of Children and Family Services

12  responsible for costs.--The Department of Children and Family

13  Services is responsible for all costs relating to the

14  evaluation and treatment of persons committed to the

15  department's custody as sexually violent predators. Other

16  costs for psychological evaluations, expert witnesses, and

17  court-appointed counsel required by ss. 916.30-916.49 shall be

18  paid from state funds appropriated by general law.

19         Section 23.  The Department of Children and Family

20  Services may contract with a private entity or state agency

21  for use of facilities to comply with the requirements of this

22  act.

23         Section 24.  There is hereby appropriated from the

24  General Revenue Fund in a lump sum to the Department of

25  Children and Family Services the sum of $3,400,000 and 50

26  full-time equivalent positions, and from the Grants and

27  Donations Trust Fund, $1,500,000 to the Department of

28  Corrections for the purpose of carrying out the provisions of

29  this act.  From the funds appropriated to the Department of

30  Children and Family Services, the department may, at the

31  counties' request, reimburse counties for the cost of no more


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    CS for CS for SB 646                           First Engrossed



  1  than one examination of each person subject to this act,

  2  provided that the department's reimbursement for each

  3  examination shall not exceed the cost to the department for

  4  examinations that it conducts of such persons.

  5         Section 25.  This act shall take effect January 1,

  6  1999.

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