House Bill 1533

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    Florida House of Representatives - 1999                HB 1533

        By the Committee on Law Enforcement & Crime Prevention and
    Representative Futch





  1                      A bill to be entitled

  2         An act relating to communications security;

  3         amending s. 934.02, F.S.; revising definitions;

  4         amending s. 934.03, F.S.; prohibiting

  5         intentional disclosure of certain authorized

  6         interceptions of certain communications;

  7         providing a penalty; authorizing certain

  8         providers to intercept "electronic"

  9         communications for quality control purposes;

10         authorizing service providers to provide

11         technical assistance in emergency

12         interceptions; revising misdemeanor

13         interception offenses; amending s. 934.07,

14         F.S.; removing prostitution from offenses which

15         may be investigated using court-ordered

16         intercepts; amending s. 934.09, F.S.; providing

17         for emergency interceptions under specified

18         circumstances; revising requirements for

19         applications to intercept wire or electronic

20         communications; amending s. 934.10, F.S.;

21         including reliance on investigative or law

22         enforcement officer requests for emergency

23         intercepts as a complete defense to civil,

24         criminal, or administrative liability; amending

25         s. 934.23, F.S.; specifying required

26         disclosures by service providers to

27         investigative or law enforcement officers under

28         certain circumstances; amending criteria for

29         obtaining a court-order for disclosure;

30         requiring service providers to preserve records

31         and evidence; amending s. 934.27, F.S.;

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  1         including reliance on investigative or law

  2         enforcement officer requests for emergency

  3         intercepts as a complete defense to civil or

  4         criminal liability; amending s. 934.31, F.S.;

  5         requiring investigative or law enforcement

  6         officers to use reasonably available

  7         restrictive technology to limit access to

  8         certain information in processing calls;

  9         amending s. 934.34, F.S.; requiring assistance

10         of service providers in installing emergency

11         pen register or trap and trace devices;

12         creating s. 934.35, F.S.; providing for

13         installation of emergency pen register and trap

14         and trace devices; providing requirements;

15         providing limitations; providing for

16         compensation for such installations; providing

17         an effective date.

18

19  Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Florida:

20

21         Section 1.  Subsections (1), (4), and (12) of section

22  934.02, Florida Statutes, are amended to read:

23         934.02  Definitions.--As used in this chapter:

24         (1)  "Wire communication" means any aural transfer made

25  in whole or in part through the use of facilities for the

26  transmission of communications by the aid of wire, cable, or

27  other like connection between the point of origin and the

28  point of reception including the use of such connection in a

29  switching station furnished or operated by any person engaged

30  in providing or operating such facilities for the transmission

31  of intrastate, interstate, or foreign communications or

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  1  communications affecting intrastate, interstate, or foreign

  2  commerce.  Such term includes any electronic storage of such

  3  communication but does not include the radio portion of a

  4  cordless telephone communication that is transmitted between

  5  the cordless telephone handset and the base unit.

  6         (4)  "Electronic, mechanical, or other device" means

  7  any device or apparatus which can be used to intercept a wire,

  8  electronic, or oral communication other than:

  9         (a)  Any telephone or telegraph instrument, equipment,

10  or facility, or any component thereof:

11         1.  Furnished to the subscriber or user by a provider

12  of wire or electronic communication service in the ordinary

13  course of its business and being used by the subscriber or

14  user in the ordinary course of its business or furnished by

15  such subscriber or user for connection to the facilities of

16  such service and used in the ordinary course of its business;

17  or

18         2.  Being used by a provider of wire or electronic

19  communications service common carrier in the ordinary course

20  of its business or by an investigative or law enforcement

21  officer in the ordinary course of her or his duties.

22         (b)  A hearing aid or similar device being used to

23  correct subnormal hearing to not better than normal.

24         (12)  "Electronic communication" means any transfer of

25  signs, signals, writing, images, sounds, data, or intelligence

26  of any nature transmitted in whole or in part by a wire,

27  radio, electromagnetic, photoelectronic, or photooptical

28  system that affects intrastate, interstate, or foreign

29  commerce, but does not include:

30

31

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  1         (a)  The radio portion of a cordless telephone

  2  communication that is transmitted between the cordless

  3  telephone handset and the base unit;

  4         (a)(b)  Any wire or oral communication;

  5         (b)(c)  Any communication made through a tone-only

  6  paging device; or

  7         (c)(d)  Any communication from an electronic or

  8  mechanical device which permits the tracking of the movement

  9  of a person or an object; or

10         (d)  Electronic funds transfer information stored by a

11  financial institution in a communications system used for the

12  electronic storage and transfer of funds.

13         Section 2.  Subsection (1), paragraphs (a) and (e) of

14  subsection (2), and paragraph (b) of subsection (4) of section

15  934.03, Florida Statutes, are amended to read:

16         934.03  Interception and disclosure of wire, oral, or

17  electronic communications prohibited.--

18         (1)  Except as otherwise specifically provided in this

19  chapter, any person who:

20         (a)  Intentionally intercepts, endeavors to intercept,

21  or procures any other person to intercept or endeavor to

22  intercept any wire, oral, or electronic communication;

23         (b)  Intentionally uses, endeavors to use, or procures

24  any other person to use or endeavor to use any electronic,

25  mechanical, or other device to intercept any oral

26  communication when:

27         1.  Such device is affixed to, or otherwise transmits a

28  signal through, a wire, cable, or other like connection used

29  in wire communication; or

30         2.  Such device transmits communications by radio or

31  interferes with the transmission of such communication;

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  1         (c)  Intentionally discloses, or endeavors to disclose,

  2  to any other person the contents of any wire, oral, or

  3  electronic communication, knowing or having reason to know

  4  that the information was obtained through the interception of

  5  a wire, oral, or electronic communication in violation of this

  6  subsection; or

  7         (d)  Intentionally uses, or endeavors to use, the

  8  contents of any wire, oral, or electronic communication,

  9  knowing or having reason to know that the information was

10  obtained through the interception of a wire, oral, or

11  electronic communication in violation of this subsection; or

12         (e)  Intentionally discloses, or endeavors to disclose,

13  to any other person the contents of any wire, oral, or

14  electronic communication, intercepted by means authorized by

15  subparagraph (2)(a)2., paragraph (2)(b), paragraph (2)(c), s.

16  934.07, or s. 934.09, knowing or having reason to know that

17  the information was obtained through the interception of such

18  a communication in connection with a criminal investigation,

19  having obtained or received the information in connection with

20  a criminal investigation, and with intent to improperly

21  obstruct, impede, or interfere with a duly authorized criminal

22  investigation,

23

24  shall be punished as provided in subsection (4).

25         (2)(a)1.  It is lawful under ss. 934.03-934.09 for an

26  operator of a switchboard, or an officer, employee, or agent

27  of a provider of wire or electronic communication service

28  whose facilities are used in the transmission of a wire or

29  electronic communication, to intercept, disclose, or use that

30  communication in the normal course of his or her employment

31  while engaged in any activity which is a necessary incident to

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  1  the rendition of his or her service or to the protection of

  2  the rights or property of the provider of that service, except

  3  that a provider of wire communication service to the public

  4  shall not utilize service observing or random monitoring

  5  except for mechanical or service quality control checks.

  6         2.  Notwithstanding any other law, a provider of wire,

  7  oral, or electronic communication service, or an officer,

  8  employee, or agent thereof, or landlord, custodian, or other

  9  person, may provide information, facilities, or technical

10  assistance to a person authorized by law to intercept wire,

11  oral, or electronic communications if such provider, or an

12  officer, employee, or agent thereof, or landlord, custodian,

13  or other person, has been provided with:

14         a.  A court order directing such assistance signed by

15  the authorizing judge; or

16         b.  A certification in writing by a person specified in

17  s. 934.09(7) that no warrant or court order is required by

18  law, that all statutory requirements have been met, and that

19  the specified assistance is required,

20

21  setting forth the period of time during which the provision of

22  the information, facilities, or technical assistance is

23  authorized and specifying the information, facilities, or

24  technical assistance required.

25         3.  A provider of wire, oral, or electronic

26  communication service, or an officer, employee, or agent

27  thereof, or landlord, custodian, or other person may not

28  disclose the existence of any interception or the device used

29  to accomplish the interception with respect to which the

30  person has been furnished an order under ss. 934.03-934.09,

31  except as may otherwise be required by legal process and then

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  1  only after prior notice to the Governor, the Attorney General,

  2  the statewide prosecutor, or a state attorney, as may be

  3  appropriate.  Any such disclosure renders such person liable

  4  for the civil damages provided under s. 934.10 and such person

  5  may be prosecuted under s. 934.43.  An action may not be

  6  brought against any provider of wire, oral, or electronic

  7  communication service, or an officer, employee, or agent

  8  thereof, or landlord, custodian, or other person for providing

  9  information, facilities, or assistance in accordance with the

10  terms of a court order under ss. 934.03-934.09.

11         (e)  It is unlawful to intercept any wire, oral, or

12  electronic communication for the purpose of committing any

13  criminal act.

14         (4)(a)  Except as provided in paragraph (b), whoever

15  violates subsection (1) is guilty of a felony of the third

16  degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, s.

17  775.084, or s. 934.41.

18         (b)  If the offense is a first offense under paragraph

19  (a) and is not for any tortious or illegal purpose or for

20  purposes of direct or indirect commercial advantage or private

21  commercial gain, and the wire or electronic communication with

22  respect to which the offense under paragraph (a) was committed

23  is a radio communication that is not scrambled, or encrypted,

24  or transmitted using modulation techniques the essential

25  parameters of which have been withheld from the public with

26  the intention of preserving the privacy of such communication:

27         1.  If the communication is not the radio portion of a

28  cellular telephone communication, a cordless telephone

29  communication that is transmitted between the cordless

30  telephone handset and the base unit, a public land mobile

31  radio service communication, or a paging service

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  1  communication, and the conduct is not that described in

  2  subparagraph (2)(h)7., the person committing the offense is

  3  guilty of a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as

  4  provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.

  5         2.  If the communication is the radio portion of a

  6  cellular telephone communication, a cordless telephone

  7  communication that is transmitted between the cordless

  8  telephone handset and the base unit, a public land mobile

  9  radio service communication, or a paging service

10  communication, the person committing the offense is guilty of

11  a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in

12  s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.

13         Section 3.  Section 934.07, Florida Statutes, is

14  amended to read:

15         934.07  Authorization for interception of wire, oral,

16  or electronic communications.--The Governor, the Attorney

17  General, the statewide prosecutor, or any state attorney may

18  authorize an application to a judge of competent jurisdiction

19  for, and such judge may grant in conformity with ss.

20  934.03-934.09, an order authorizing or approving the

21  interception of wire, oral, or electronic communications by

22  the Department of Law Enforcement or any law enforcement

23  agency as defined in s. 934.02 having responsibility for the

24  investigation of the offense as to which the application is

25  made when such interception may provide or has provided

26  evidence of the commission of the offense of murder,

27  kidnapping, arson, gambling, robbery, burglary, theft, dealing

28  in stolen property, prostitution, criminal usury, bribery, or

29  extortion; any violation of chapter 893; any violation of the

30  provisions of the Florida Anti-Fencing Act; any violation of

31  chapter 895; any violation of chapter 896; any violation of

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  1  chapter 815; any violation of chapter 847; any violation of s.

  2  827.071; any violation of s. 944.40; or any conspiracy to

  3  commit any violation of the laws of this state relating to the

  4  crimes specifically enumerated above.

  5         Section 4.  Paragraph (b) of subsection (1) and

  6  paragraph (d) of subsection (3) of section 943.09, Florida

  7  Statutes, are amended, subsections (7), (8), (9), (10), and

  8  (11) of said section are renumbered as subsections (8), (9),

  9  (10), (11), and (12), respectively, new subsection (7) is

10  added to said section, and renumbered subsections (11) and

11  (12) are amended, to read:

12         934.09  Procedure for interception of wire, oral, or

13  electronic communications.--

14         (1)  Each application for an order authorizing or

15  approving the interception of a wire, oral, or electronic

16  communication under ss. 934.03-934.09 shall be made in writing

17  upon oath or affirmation to a judge of competent jurisdiction

18  and shall state the applicant's authority to make such

19  application.  Each application shall include the following

20  information:

21         (b)  A full and complete statement of the facts and

22  circumstances relied upon by the applicant to justify his or

23  her belief that an order should be issued, including:

24         1.  Details as to the particular offense that has been,

25  is being, or is about to be committed.

26         2.  Except as provided in subsection (11) (10), a

27  particular description of the nature and location of the

28  facilities from which, or the place where, the communications

29  are to be intercepted.

30         3.  A particular description of the type of

31  communications sought to be intercepted.

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  1         4.  The identity of the person, if known, committing

  2  the offense and whose communications are to be intercepted.

  3         (3)  Upon such application, the judge may enter an ex

  4  parte order, as requested or as modified, authorizing or

  5  approving interception of wire, oral, or electronic

  6  communications within the territorial jurisdiction of the

  7  court in which the judge is sitting, and outside such

  8  jurisdiction but within the State of Florida in the case of a

  9  mobile interception device authorized by the judge within such

10  jurisdiction, if the judge determines on the basis of the

11  facts submitted by the applicant that:

12         (d)  Except as provided in subsection (11) (10), there

13  is probable cause for belief that the facilities from which,

14  or the place where, the wire, oral, or electronic

15  communications are to be intercepted are being used, or are

16  about to be used, in connection with the commission of such

17  offense, or are leased to, listed in the name of, or commonly

18  used by such person.

19         (7)  Notwithstanding any other provision of this

20  chapter, any investigative or law enforcement officer

21  specially designated by the Governor, the Attorney General,

22  the statewide prosecutor, or any state attorney acting

23  pursuant to this chapter, who reasonably determines that:

24         (a)  Any emergency situation exists that involves

25  immediate danger of death or serious physical injury to any

26  person; involves conspiratorial activities characteristic of

27  organized crime; or involves the danger of escape of a

28  prisoner that requires a wire, oral, or electronic

29  communication to be intercepted before an order authorizing

30  such interception can, with due diligence, be obtained; and

31

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  1         (b)  There are grounds upon which an order could be

  2  entered under this chapter to authorize such interception,

  3

  4  may intercept such wire, oral, or electronic communication if

  5  an application for an order approving the interception is made

  6  in accordance with this section within 48 hours after the

  7  interception has occurred or begins to occur.  In the absence

  8  of an order, such interception shall immediately terminate

  9  when the communication sought is obtained or when the

10  application for the order is denied, whichever is earliest.

11  If such application for approval is denied, or in any other

12  case in which the interception is terminated without an order

13  having been issued, the contents of any wire, oral, or

14  electronic communication intercepted shall be treated as

15  having been obtained in violation of s. 934.03(4), and an

16  inventory shall be served, as provided for in paragraph

17  (8)(e), on the person named in the application.

18         (11)(10)  The requirements of subparagraph (1)(b)2. and

19  paragraph (3)(d) relating to the specification of the

20  facilities from which, or the place where, the communication

21  is to be intercepted do not apply if:

22         (a)  In the case of an application with respect to the

23  interception of an oral communication:

24         1.  The application is by an agent or officer of a law

25  enforcement agency and is approved by the Governor, the

26  Attorney General, the statewide prosecutor, or a state

27  attorney.

28         2.  The application contains a full and complete

29  statement as to why such specification is not practical and

30  identifies the person committing the offense and whose

31  communications are to be intercepted.

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  1         3.  The judge finds that such specification is not

  2  practical.

  3         (b)  In the case of an application with respect to a

  4  wire or electronic communication:

  5         1.  The application is by an agent or officer of a law

  6  enforcement agency and is approved by the Governor, the

  7  Attorney General, the statewide prosecutor, or a state

  8  attorney.

  9         2.  The application identifies the person believed to

10  be committing the offense and whose communications are to be

11  intercepted and the applicant makes a showing that there is

12  probable cause to believe that the person's actions could have

13  the effect of thwarting interception from a specified facility

14  and the applicant makes a showing of a purpose, on the part of

15  that person, to thwart interception by changing facilities.

16         3.  The judge finds that such showing purpose has been

17  adequately made shown.

18         4.  The order authorizing or approving the interception

19  is limited to interception only for such time as it is

20  reasonable to presume that the person identified in the

21  application is or was reasonably proximate to the instrument

22  through which such communication will be or was transmitted.

23         (12)(11)  If an interception of a communication is to

24  be carried out pursuant to paragraph (11)(a) subsection (10),

25  such interception may not begin until the facilities from

26  which, or the place where, the communication is to be

27  intercepted is ascertained by the person implementing the

28  interception order. A provider of wire or electronic

29  communications service that has received an order as provided

30  under paragraph (11)(10)(b) may petition the court to modify

31  or quash the order on the ground that the interception cannot

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  1  be performed in a timely or reasonable fashion.  The court,

  2  upon notice to the state, shall decide such a petition

  3  expeditiously.

  4         Section 5.  Subsection (2) of section 934.10, Florida

  5  Statutes, is amended to read:

  6         934.10  Civil remedies.--

  7         (2)  A good faith reliance on:

  8         (a)  A court order, subpoena, or legislative

  9  authorization as provided in ss. 934.03-934.09, or

10         (b)  A request of an investigative or law enforcement

11  officer under s. 934.09(7), or

12         (c)(b)  A good faith determination that federal or

13  Florida law, or s. 2511(3) of Title 18 U.S.C., permitted the

14  conduct complained of

15

16  shall constitute a complete defense to any civil or criminal,

17  or administrative action arising out of such conduct under the

18  laws of this state.

19         Section 6.  Subsections (4) and (5) of section 934.23,

20  Florida Statutes, are amended, and subsection (7) is added to

21  said section, to read:

22         934.23  Requirements for governmental access.--

23         (4)(a)  Except as provided in paragraph (b), a provider

24  of electronic communication service or remote computing

25  service may disclose a record or other information pertaining

26  to a subscriber or customer of such service, not including the

27  contents of communication covered by subsection (1) or

28  subsection (2), to any person other than an investigative or

29  law enforcement officer.

30         (b)  A provider of electronic communication service or

31  remote computing service shall disclose a record or other

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  1  information pertaining to a subscriber to or customer of such

  2  service, not including the contents of communications covered

  3  by subsection (1) or subsection (2), to an investigative or

  4  law enforcement officer only when the investigative or law

  5  enforcement officer:

  6         1.  Uses a subpoena;

  7         1.2.  Obtains a warrant issued by the judge of a court

  8  of competent jurisdiction;

  9         2.3.  Obtains a court order for such disclosure under

10  subsection (5); or

11         3.4.  Has the consent of the subscriber or customer to

12  such disclosure.

13         (c)  A provider of electronic communication service or

14  remote computing service shall disclose to an investigative or

15  law enforcement officer the name, address, telephone toll

16  billing records, telephone number or other subscriber number

17  of identity, length of service as a subscriber to or customer

18  of such service, and the types of services the subscriber or

19  customer used, whenever the governmental entity uses a

20  subpoena.

21         (d)(c)  An investigative or law enforcement officer who

22  receives records or information under this subsection is not

23  required to provide notice to a subscriber or customer.

24         (5)  A court order for disclosure under subsection (2),

25  subsection (3), or subsection (4) shall issue only if the

26  investigative or law enforcement officer offers specific and

27  articulable facts showing that there are reasonable grounds

28  shows that there is reason to believe the contents of a wire

29  or electronic communication or the records of other

30  information sought are relevant and material to an ongoing

31  criminal investigation a legitimate law enforcement inquiry.

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  1  A court issuing an order pursuant to this section, on a motion

  2  made promptly by the service provider, may quash or modify

  3  such order on motion made promptly by the service provider if

  4  the information or records requested are unusually voluminous

  5  in nature or compliance with such order otherwise would cause

  6  an undue burden on such provider.

  7         (7)(a)  A provider of wire or electronic communication

  8  services or a remote computing service, upon the request of an

  9  investigative or law enforcement officer, shall take all

10  necessary steps to preserve records and other evidence in the

11  provider's possession pending the issuance of a court order or

12  other process.

13         (b)  Records described in paragraph (a) shall be

14  retained for a period of 90 days, which shall be extended for

15  an additional 90 day period upon a renewed request by an

16  investigative or law enforcement officer.

17         Section 7.  Subsection (4) of section 934.27, Florida

18  Statutes, is amended to read:

19         934.27  Civil action:  relief; damages; defenses.--

20         (4)  A good faith reliance on any of the following is a

21  complete defense to any civil or criminal action brought under

22  ss. 934.21-934.28:

23         (a)  A court warrant or order, a subpoena, or a

24  statutory authorization.

25         (b)  A request of an investigative or law enforcement

26  officer under s. 934.09(7).

27         (c)(b)  A good faith determination that s. 934.03(3)

28  permitted the conduct complained of.

29         Section 8.  Subsection (4) is added to section 934.31,

30  Florida Statutes, to read:

31

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  1         934.31  General prohibition on pen register and trap

  2  and trace device use; exception.--

  3         (4)  An investigative or law enforcement officer

  4  authorized to install and use a pen register under ss.

  5  934.31-934.34 shall use technology reasonably available to the

  6  officer that restricts the recording or decoding of electronic

  7  or other impulses to the dialing and signaling information

  8  used in call processing.

  9         Section 9.  Subsection (2) of section 934.34, Florida

10  Statutes, is amended to read:

11         934.34  Assistance in installation and use of a pen

12  register or a trap and trace device.--

13         (2)  Upon the request of the applicant specified in s.

14  934.32(1), a provider of a wire or electronic communication

15  service, landlord, custodian, or other person shall install a

16  trap and trace device forthwith on the appropriate line and

17  shall furnish such investigative or law enforcement officer or

18  other applicant all additional information, facilities, and

19  technical assistance, including installation and operation of

20  the device unobtrusively and with a minimum of interference

21  with the services that the person so ordered by the court

22  accords the party with respect to whom the installation and

23  use is to take place if such installation and assistance is

24  directed by a court order as provided in s. 934.33(2)(b).

25  Unless otherwise ordered by the court, the results of the trap

26  and trace device shall be furnished, pursuant to s.

27  934.33(2)(b) or s. 934.35, to an officer of the law

28  enforcement agency designated in the court order at reasonable

29  intervals during regular business hours for the duration of

30  the order.  The obligation of a provider of electronic

31  communication service under such an order, or under such

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    Florida House of Representatives - 1999                HB 1533

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  1  emergency pen register or trap and trace device installation,

  2  may include, but is not limited to, conducting an in-progress

  3  trace, or providing other assistance to support the

  4  investigation as may be specified in the order.

  5         Section 10.  Section 934.35, Florida Statutes, is

  6  created to read:

  7         934.35 Emergency pen register and trap and trace device

  8  installation.--

  9         (1)  Notwithstanding any other provision of this

10  chapter, any investigative or law enforcement officer

11  specially designated by the Governor, the Attorney General,

12  the statewide prosecutor, or any state attorney acting

13  pursuant to this chapter, who reasonably determines that:

14         (a)  An emergency situation exists that involves

15  immediate danger of death or serious physical injury to any

16  person, involves conspiratorial activities characteristic of

17  organized crime, or involves the danger of escape of a

18  prisoner that requires the installation and use of a pen

19  register or a trap and trace device before an order

20  authorizing such installation and use can, with due diligence,

21  be obtained; and

22         (b)  There are grounds upon which an order could be

23  entered under this chapter to authorize such interception,

24

25  may have installed and use a pen register or trap and trace

26  device if, within 48 hours after the installation has occurred

27  or begins to occur, an order approving the installation or use

28  is issued in accordance with s. 934.33.

29         (2)  In the absence of an authorizing order, such use

30  shall immediately terminate when the information sought is

31  obtained, when the application for the order is denied, or

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CODING: Words stricken are deletions; words underlined are additions.






    Florida House of Representatives - 1999                HB 1533

    604-142-99






  1  when 48 hours have lapsed since the installation of the pen

  2  register or trap and trace device, whichever is earlier.

  3         (3)  The knowing installation or use by any

  4  investigative or law enforcement officer of a pen register or

  5  trap and trace device pursuant to subsection (1) without

  6  applying for an authorizing order within 48 hours after such

  7  installation is a violation of s. 934.31.

  8         (4)  A provider of wire or electronic service, a

  9  landlord, a custodian, or any other person who furnished

10  facilities or technical assistance pursuant to this section

11  shall be reasonably compensated for such reasonable expenses

12  incurred in providing such facilities and assistance.

13         Section 11.  This act shall take effect October 1,

14  1999.

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16            *****************************************

17                          HOUSE SUMMARY

18
      Revises communications security provisions relating to
19    prohibitions of intentional disclosure of authorized
      intercepts to unauthorized parties; authorizations to
20    intercept electronic communications for quality control
      purposes; authorizations to provide technical assistance
21    in emergency interceptions; emergency interceptions;
      requirements for applications to intercept wire or
22    electronic communications; defenses to civil, criminal,
      or administrative liability; required disclosures by
23    service providers to investigative or law enforcement
      officers; criteria for obtaining a court-order for
24    disclosure; preservation of records and evidence by
      service providers; installation of emergency pen register
25    and trap and trace devices. See bill for details.

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