House Bill 2069c1

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    Florida House of Representatives - 1999             CS/HB 2069

        By the Committees on Governmental Rules & Regulations,
    Water & Resource Management and Representatives Alexander,
    Wallace, Constantine, Dockery, Putnam, Byrd, Sembler,
    Betancourt, Kelly, K. Smith, Healey, Johnson, Cantens,
    Brummer, Boyd, Pruitt, Waters and Merchant


  1                      A bill to be entitled

  2         An act relating to the Florida Watershed

  3         Restoration Act; providing a short title;

  4         amending s. 403.031, F.S.; defining the term

  5         "total maximum daily load"; creating s.

  6         403.067, F.S.; authorizing the Department of

  7         Environmental Protection to adopt a process of

  8         listing surface waters not meeting water

  9         quality standards and for the process of

10         establishing, allocating, and implementing

11         total maximum daily loads applicable to such

12         listed waters; providing specific authority for

13         the department to implement s. 1313, 33 U.S.C.;

14         providing legislative findings and intent;

15         providing for a listing of surface waters;

16         providing for an assessment; providing for an

17         adopted list; providing for removal from the

18         list; providing for calculation of total

19         maximum daily load; providing for

20         implementation; providing for rules; providing

21         for application; providing for construction;

22         providing for evaluation; amending s. 403.805,

23         F.S.; revising language with respect to the

24         powers and duties of the Secretary of the

25         Department of Environmental Protection;

26         providing an effective date.

27

28  Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Florida:

29

30         Section 1.  Short title.--This act may be cited as the

31  "Florida Watershed Restoration Act."

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  1         Section 2.  Subsection (21) is added to section

  2  403.031, Florida Statutes, to read:

  3         403.031  Definitions.--In construing this chapter, or

  4  rules and regulations adopted pursuant hereto, the following

  5  words, phrases, or terms, unless the context otherwise

  6  indicates, have the following meanings:

  7         (21)  "Total maximum daily load" is defined as the sum

  8  of the individual wasteload allocations for point sources and

  9  the load allocations for nonpoint sources and natural

10  background. Prior to determining individual wasteload

11  allocations and load allocations, the maximum amount of a

12  pollutant that a water body or water segment can assimilate

13  from all sources without exceeding water quality standards

14  must first be calculated.

15         Section 3.  Section 403.067, Florida Statutes, is

16  created to read:

17         403.067  Establishment and implementation of total

18  maximum daily loads.--

19         (1)  LEGISLATIVE FINDINGS AND INTENT.--In furtherance

20  of public policy established in s. 403.021, the Legislature

21  declares that the waters of the state are among its most basic

22  resources and that the development of a total maximum daily

23  load program for state waters as required by ss. 303(d) of the

24  Clean Water Act. Pub. L. No. 92-500, 33 U.S.C. ss. 1251 et

25  seq. will promote improvements in water quality throughout the

26  state through the coordinated control of point and nonpoint

27  sources of pollution. The Legislature finds that, while point

28  and nonpoint sources of pollution have been managed through

29  numerous programs, better coordination among these efforts and

30  additional management measures may be needed in order to

31  achieve the restoration of impaired water bodies. The

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  1  scientifically based total maximum daily load program is

  2  necessary to fairly and equitably allocate pollution loads to

  3  both nonpoint and point sources. Implementation of the

  4  allocation shall include consideration of a cost-effective

  5  approach coordinated between contributing point and nonpoint

  6  sources of pollution for impaired water bodies or water body

  7  segments and may include the opportunity to implement the

  8  allocation through nonregulatory and incentive-based programs.

  9  The Legislature further declares that the Department of

10  Environmental Protection shall be the lead agency in

11  administering this program and shall coordinate with local

12  governments, water management districts, the Department of

13  Agriculture and Consumer Services, local soil and water

14  conservation districts, environmental groups, regulated

15  interests, other appropriate state agencies, and affected

16  pollution sources in developing and executing the total

17  maximum daily load program.

18         (2)  LIST OF SURFACE WATERS OR SEGMENTS.--In accordance

19  with ss. 303(d) of the Clean Water Act, Pub. L. No. 92-500, 33

20  U.S.C. ss. 1251 et seq., the department must submit

21  periodically to the United States Environmental Protection

22  Agency a list of surface waters or segments for which total

23  maximum daily load assessments will be conducted. The

24  assessments shall evaluate the water quality conditions of the

25  listed waters and, if such waters are determined not to meet

26  water quality standards, total maximum daily loads shall be

27  established, subject to the provisions of s. 403.067(4). The

28  department shall establish a priority ranking and schedule for

29  analyzing such waters.

30         (a)  The list, priority ranking, and schedule cannot be

31  used in the administration or implementation of any regulatory

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  1  program. However, this paragraph does not prohibit any agency

  2  from employing the data or other information used to establish

  3  the list, priority ranking, or schedule in administering any

  4  program.

  5         (b)  The list, priority ranking, and schedule prepared

  6  under this subsection shall be made available for public

  7  comment, but shall not be subject to challenge under chapter

  8  120.

  9         (c)  The provisions of this subsection are applicable

10  to all lists prepared by the department and submitted to the

11  United States Environmental Protection Agency pursuant to

12  section ss. 303(d) of the Clean Water Act. Pub. L. No. 92-500,

13  33 U.S.C. ss. 1251 et seq., including those submitted prior to

14  the effective date of this act, except as provided in s.

15  403.067(4).

16         (d)  If the department proposes to implement total

17  maximum daily load calculations or allocations established

18  prior to the effective date of this act, the department shall

19  adopt those calculations and allocations by rule by the

20  secretary pursuant to ss. 120.54, 120.536(1), and

21  403.067(6)(d).

22         (3)  ASSESSMENT.--

23         (a)  Based on the priority ranking and schedule for a

24  particular listed water body or water body segment, the

25  department shall conduct a total maximum daily load assessment

26  of the basin in which the water body or water body segment is

27  located using the methodology developed pursuant to s.

28  403.067(3)(b). In conducting this assessment, the department

29  shall coordinate with the local water management district, the

30  Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, other

31  appropriate state agencies, soil and water conservation

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  1  districts, environmental groups, regulated interests, and

  2  other interested parties.

  3         (b)  The department shall adopt by rule a methodology

  4  for determining those waters which are impaired. The rule

  5  shall provide for consideration as to whether water quality

  6  standards codified in chapter 62-302, Florida Administrative

  7  Code, are being exceeded, based on objective and credible

  8  data, studies and reports, including surface water improvement

  9  and management plans approved by water management districts

10  under s. 373.456 and pollutant load reduction goals developed

11  according to department rule. Such rule also shall set forth:

12         1.  Water quality sample collection and analysis

13  requirements, accounting for ambient background conditions,

14  seasonal and other natural variations;

15         2.  Approved methodologies;

16         3.  Quality assurance and quality control protocols;

17         4.  Data modeling; and

18         5.  Other appropriate water quality assessment

19  measures.

20         (c)  If the department has adopted a rule establishing

21  a numerical criterion for a particular pollutant, a narrative

22  or biological criterion may not be the basis for determining

23  an impairment in connection with that pollutant unless the

24  department identifies specific factors as to why the numerical

25  criterion is not adequate to protect water quality. If water

26  quality nonattainment is based on narrative or biological

27  criteria, the specific factors concerning particular

28  pollutants shall be identified prior to a total maximum daily

29  load being developed for those criteria for that surface water

30  or surface water segment.

31

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  1         (4)  APPROVED LIST.--If the department determines,

  2  based on the total maximum daily load assessment methodology

  3  described in s. 403.067(3), that water quality standards are

  4  not being achieved and that technology-based effluent

  5  limitations and other pollution control programs under local,

  6  state, or federal authority, including Everglades restoration

  7  activities pursuant to s. 373.4592 and the National Estuary

  8  Program, which are designed to restore such waters for the

  9  pollutant of concern are not sufficient to result in

10  attainment of applicable surface water quality standards, it

11  shall confirm that determination by issuing a subsequent,

12  updated list of those water bodies or segments for which total

13  maximum daily loads will be calculated. In association with

14  this updated list the department shall establish priority

15  rankings and schedules by which water bodies or segments will

16  be subjected to total maximum daily load calculations. If a

17  surface water or water segment is to be listed under this

18  subsection, the department must specify the particular

19  pollutants causing the impairment and the concentration of

20  those pollutants causing the impairment relative to the water

21  quality standard. This updated list shall be approved and

22  amended by order of the department subsequent to completion of

23  an assessment of each water body or water body segment, and

24  submitted to the United States Environmental Protection

25  Agency. Each order shall be subject to challenge under ss.

26  120.569 and 120.57.

27         (5)  REMOVAL FROM LIST.--At any time throughout the

28  total maximum daily load process, surface waters or segments

29  evaluated or listed under this section shall be removed from

30  the lists described in s. 403.067(2) or s. 403.067(4) upon

31  demonstration that water quality criteria are being attained,

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  1  based on data equivalent to that required by rule under s.

  2  403.067(3).

  3         (6)  CALCULATION AND ALLOCATION.--

  4         (a)  Calculation of total maximum daily load.--

  5         1.  Prior to developing a total maximum daily load

  6  calculation for each water body or water body segment on the

  7  list specified in s. 403.067(4), the department shall

  8  coordinate with applicable local governments, water management

  9  districts, the Department of Agriculture and Consumer

10  Services, other appropriate state agencies, local soil and

11  water conservation districts, environmental groups, regulated

12  interests, and affected pollution sources to determine the

13  information required, accepted methods of data collection and

14  analysis, and quality control/quality assurance requirements.

15  The analysis may include mathematical water quality modeling

16  using approved procedures and methods.

17         2.  The department shall develop total maximum daily

18  load calculations for each water body or water body segment on

19  the list described in s. 403.067(4) according to the priority

20  ranking and schedule unless the impairment of such waters is

21  due solely to activities other than point and nonpoint sources

22  of pollution. For waters determined to be impaired due solely

23  to factors other than point and nonpoint sources of pollution,

24  no total maximum daily load will be required. A total maximum

25  daily load may be required for those waters that are impaired

26  predominantly due to activities other than point and nonpoint

27  sources. The total maximum daily load calculation shall

28  establish the amount of a pollutant that a water body or water

29  body segment can assimilate without exceeding water quality

30  standards, and shall account for seasonal variations and

31  include a margin of safety that takes into account any lack of

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  1  knowledge concerning the relationship between effluent

  2  limitations and water quality. The total maximum daily load

  3  may be based on a pollutant load reduction goal developed by a

  4  water management district, provided that such pollutant load

  5  reduction goal is promulgated by the department in accordance

  6  with the procedural and substantive requirements of this

  7  subsection.

  8         (b)  Allocation of total maximum daily loads.--The

  9  total maximum daily loads shall include establishment of

10  reasonable and equitable allocations of the total maximum

11  daily load among point and nonpoint sources that will alone,

12  or in conjunction with other management and restoration

13  activities, provide for the attainment of water quality

14  standards and the restoration of impaired waters. The

15  allocations shall establish the maximum amount of the water

16  pollutant from a given source or category of sources that may

17  be discharged or released into the water body or water body

18  segment in combination with other discharges or releases. Such

19  allocations shall be designed to attain water quality

20  standards and shall be based on consideration of the

21  following:

22         1.  Existing treatment levels and management practices;

23         2.  Differing impacts pollutant sources may have on

24  water quality;

25         3.  The availability of treatment technologies,

26  management practices, or other pollutant reduction measures;

27         4.  Environmental, economic, and technological

28  feasibility of achieving the allocation;

29         5.  The cost benefit associated with achieving the

30  allocation;

31         6.  Reasonable timeframes for implementation;

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  1         7.  Potential applicability of any moderating

  2  provisions such as variances, exemptions, and mixing zones;

  3  and

  4         8.  The extent to which nonattainment of water quality

  5  standards is caused by pollution sources outside of Florida,

  6  discharges that have ceased, or alterations to water bodies

  7  prior to the date of this act.

  8         (c)  Report.--Not later than February 1, 2001, the

  9  department shall submit a report to the Governor, the

10  President of the Senate, and the Speaker of the House of

11  Representatives containing recommendations, including draft

12  legislation, for any modifications to the process for

13  allocating total maximum daily loads, including the

14  relationship between allocations and the basin planning

15  process. Such recommendations shall be developed by the

16  department in cooperation with a technical advisory committee

17  which includes representatives of affected parties,

18  environmental organizations, water management districts, and

19  other appropriate local, state, and federal government

20  agencies. The technical advisory committee shall also include

21  such members as may be designated by the President of the

22  Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives.

23         (d)  Rule.--The total maximum daily load calculations

24  and allocations for each water body or water body segment

25  shall be adopted by rule by the secretary pursuant to ss.

26  120.54, 120.536(1), and 403.805. The rules adopted pursuant to

27  this paragraph shall not be subject to approval by the

28  Environmental Regulation Commission. As part of the rule

29  development process, the department shall hold at least one

30  public workshop in the vicinity of the water body or water

31  body segment for which the total maximum daily load is being

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  1  developed. Notice of the public workshop shall be published

  2  not less than 5 days nor more than 15 days before the public

  3  workshop in a newspaper of general circulation in the county

  4  or counties containing the water bodies or water body segments

  5  for which the total maximum daily load calculation and

  6  allocation are being developed.

  7         (7)  IMPLEMENTATION OF TOTAL MAXIMUM DAILY LOADS.--

  8         (a)  The department shall be the lead agency in

  9  coordinating the implementation of the total maximum daily

10  load allocation through water quality protection programs.

11  Application of a total maximum daily load calculation or

12  allocation by a water management district shall be consistent

13  with this section and shall not require the issuance of an

14  order or a separate action pursuant to s. 120.54 or s.

15  120.536(1) for adoption of the calculation and allocation

16  previously established by the department. Such programs may

17  include, but are not limited to:

18         1.  Permitting and other existing regulatory programs;

19         2.  Nonregulatory and incentive-based programs,

20  including best management practices, cost sharing, waste

21  minimization, pollution prevention, and public education;

22         3.  Other water quality management and restoration

23  activities, for example surface water improvement and

24  management plans approved by water management districts under

25  s. 373.456;

26         4.  Pollutant trading or other equitable economically

27  based agreements;

28         5.  Public works including capital facilities; or

29         6.  Land acquisition.

30         (b)  In developing and implementing the total maximum

31  daily load allocation, the department may develop a basin

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  1  plan. The basin plan will serve to fully integrate all the

  2  management strategies available to the state for the purpose

  3  of achieving water quality restoration. The basin planning

  4  process is intended to involve the broadest possible range of

  5  interested parties, with the objective of encouraging the

  6  greatest amount of cooperation and consensus possible. The

  7  department shall hold at least one public meeting in the

  8  vicinity of the basin to discuss and receive comments during

  9  the basin planning process and shall otherwise encourage

10  public participation to the greatest practical extent. Notice

11  of the public meeting shall be published in a newspaper of

12  general circulation in each county in which the basin lies not

13  less than 5 days nor more than 15 days before the public

14  meeting. A basin plan shall not supplant or otherwise alter

15  any assessment made under s. 403.086(3) and (4), or any

16  calculation or allocation made under s. 403.086(6).

17         (c)  The department, in cooperation with the water

18  management districts and other interested parties, as

19  appropriate, may develop suitable interim measures, best

20  management practices, or other measures necessary to achieve

21  the level of pollution reduction established by the department

22  for nonagricultural nonpoint pollutant sources in allocations

23  developed pursuant to s. 403.067(6)(b). These practices and

24  measures may be adopted by rule by the department and the

25  water management districts pursuant to ss. 120.54 and

26  120.536(1), and may be implemented by those parties

27  responsible for nonagricultural nonpoint pollutant sources and

28  the department and the water management districts shall assist

29  with implementation. Where interim measures, best management

30  practices, or other measures are adopted by rule, the

31  effectiveness of such practices in achieving the levels of

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  1  pollution reduction established in allocations developed by

  2  the department pursuant to s. 403.067(6)(b) shall be verified

  3  by the department. Implementation, in accordance with

  4  applicable rules, of practices that have been verified by the

  5  department to be effective at representative sites shall

  6  provide a presumption of compliance with state water quality

  7  standards and release from the provisions of s. 376.307(5) for

  8  those pollutants addressed by the practices, and the

  9  department is not authorized to institute proceedings against

10  the owner of the source of pollution to recover costs or

11  damages associated with the contamination of surface or ground

12  water caused by those pollutants. Such rules shall also

13  incorporate provisions for a notice of intent to implement the

14  practices and a system to assure the implementation of the

15  practices, including recordkeeping requirements. Where water

16  quality problems are detected despite the appropriate

17  implementation, operation and maintenance of best management

18  practices and other measures according to rules adopted under

19  this paragraph, the department or the water management

20  districts shall institute a reevaluation of the best

21  management practice or other measures.

22         (d)  The Department of Agriculture and Consumer

23  Services may develop and adopt by rule pursuant to ss. 120.54

24  and 120.536(1) suitable interim measures, best management

25  practices, or other measures necessary to achieve the level of

26  pollution reduction established by the department for

27  agricultural pollutant sources in allocations developed

28  pursuant to s. 403.067(6)(b). These practices and measures may

29  be implemented by those parties responsible for agricultural

30  pollutant sources and the department, the water management

31  districts and the Department of Agriculture and Consumer

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  1  Services shall assist with implementation. Where interim

  2  measures, best management practices, or other measures are

  3  adopted by rule, the effectiveness of such practices in

  4  achieving the levels of pollution reduction established in

  5  allocations developed by the department pursuant to s.

  6  403.067(6)(b) shall be verified by the department.

  7  Implementation, in accordance with applicable rules, of

  8  practices that have been verified by the department to be

  9  effective at representative sites shall provide a presumption

10  of compliance with state water quality standards and release

11  from the provisions of s. 376.307(5) for those pollutants

12  addressed by the practices, and the department is not

13  authorized to institute proceedings against the owner of the

14  source of pollution to recover costs or damages associated

15  with the contamination of surface or ground water caused by

16  those pollutants. In the process of developing and adopting

17  rules for interim measures, best management practices, or

18  other measures, the Department of Agriculture and Consumer

19  Services shall consult with the department, the Department of

20  Health, the water management districts, representatives from

21  affected farming groups, and environmental group

22  representatives. Such rules shall also incorporate provisions

23  for a notice of intent to implement the practices and a system

24  to assure the implementation of the practices, including

25  recordkeeping requirements. Where water quality problems are

26  detected despite the appropriate implementation, operation and

27  maintenance of best management practices and other measures

28  according to rules adopted under this paragraph, the

29  Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services shall

30  institute a reevaluation of the best management practice or

31  other measure.

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  1         (e)  The provisions of s. 403.067(7)(c) and (d) shall

  2  not preclude the department or water management district from

  3  requiring compliance with water quality standards or with

  4  current best management practice requirements set forth in any

  5  applicable regulatory program authorized by law for the

  6  purpose of protecting water quality. Additionally, s.

  7  403.067(7)(c) and (d) are applicable only to the extent that

  8  they do not conflict with any rules promulgated by the

  9  department that are necessary to maintain a federally

10  delegated or approved program.

11         (8)  RULES.--The department is authorized to adopt

12  rules pursuant to ss. 120.54 and 120.536(1) for:

13         (a)  Delisting water bodies or water body segments from

14  the list developed under s. 403.067(4) pursuant to the

15  guidance under s. 403.067(5);

16         (b)  Administration of funds to implement the total

17  maximum daily load program; and

18         (c)  Procedures for pollutant trading among the

19  pollutant sources to a water body or water body segment,

20  including a mechanism for the issuance and tracking of

21  pollutant credits. Such procedures may be implemented through

22  permits or other authorizations and must be legally binding.

23  No rule implementing a pollutant trading program shall become

24  effective prior to review and ratification by the Legislature.

25         (9)  APPLICATION.--The provisions of this section are

26  intended to supplement existing law and nothing in this

27  section shall be construed as altering any applicable state

28  water quality standards or as restricting the authority

29  otherwise granted to the department or a water management

30  district under this chapter or chapter 373.

31

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  1         (10)  CONSTRUCTION.--Nothing in this section shall be

  2  construed as limiting the applicability or consideration of

  3  any mixing zone, variance, exemption, site specific

  4  alternative criteria, or other moderating provision.

  5         (11)  IMPLEMENTATION OF ADDITIONAL PROGRAMS.--The

  6  department shall not implement, without prior legislative

  7  approval, any additional regulatory authority pursuant to the

  8  Clean Water Act ss. 303(d) or 40 CFR Part 130, if such

  9  implementation would result in water quality discharge

10  regulation of activities not currently subject to regulation.

11         (12)  RULES AND ORDERS.--In order to provide adequate

12  due process while ensuring timely development of total maximum

13  daily loads, proposed rules and orders authorized by this act

14  shall be ineffective pending resolution of s. 120.54(3), s.

15  120.56, s. 120.569, or s. 120.57 administrative proceeding.

16  However, the department may go forward prior to resolution of

17  such administrative proceedings with subsequent agency actions

18  authorized by s. 403.067(2)-(6), provided that the department

19  can support and substantiate those actions using the

20  underlying bases for the rules or orders without the benefit

21  of any legal presumption favoring, or in deference to, the

22  challenged rules or orders.

23         Section 4.  Subsection (1) of section 403.805, Florida

24  Statutes, 1998 Supplement, is amended to read:

25         403.805  Secretary; powers and duties.--

26         (1)  The secretary shall have the powers and duties of

27  heads of departments set forth in chapter 20, including the

28  authority to adopt rules pursuant to ss. 120.536(1) and 120.54

29  to implement the provisions of chapters 253, 373, and 376 and

30  this chapter. The secretary shall have rulemaking

31  responsibility under chapter 120, but shall submit any

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  1  proposed rule containing standards to the Environmental

  2  Regulation Commission for approval, modification, or

  3  disapproval pursuant to s. 403.804, except for total maximum

  4  daily load calculations and allocations developed pursuant to

  5  s. 403.067(6). The secretary shall have responsibility for

  6  final agency action regarding total maximum daily load

  7  calculations and allocations developed pursuant to s.

  8  403.067(6). The secretary shall employ legal counsel to

  9  represent the department in matters affecting the department.

10  Except for appeals on permits specifically assigned by this

11  act to the Governor and Cabinet, and unless otherwise

12  prohibited by law, the secretary may delegate the authority

13  assigned to the department by this act to the assistant

14  secretary, division directors, and district and branch office

15  managers and to the water management districts.

16         Section 5.  The department, coordinating with the water

17  management districts and the Department of Agriculture and

18  Consumer Services, shall evaluate the effectiveness of the

19  implementation of total maximum daily loads for a period of 5

20  years from the effective date of this act. The department

21  shall document that effectiveness, using all data and

22  information at its disposal, in a report to the Governor, the

23  President of the Senate, and the Speaker of the House of

24  Representatives by January 1, 2005. The report shall provide

25  specific recommendations for statutory changes necessary to

26  implement total maximum daily loads more effectively,

27  including the development or expansion of pollution prevention

28  and pollutant trading opportunities, and best management

29  practices. The report shall also provide recommendations for

30  statutory changes relating to pollutant sources which are not

31  subject to permitting under chapter 403, Florida Statutes, or

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  1  chapter 373, Florida Statutes, and which do not implement the

  2  nonregulatory practices or other measures outlined in the

  3  basin plan prepared under s. 403.067, Florida Statutes, in

  4  accordance with the schedule of the plan, or fail to implement

  5  them as designed.

  6         Section 6.  This act shall take effect upon becoming a

  7  law.

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