Senate Bill 0284c1

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    Florida Senate - 1999                            CS for SB 284

    By the Committee on Judiciary and Senator Carlton





    308-1886-99

  1                      A bill to be entitled

  2         An act relating to children and families;

  3         amending s. 39.01, F.S.; including references

  4         to great-grandparents in definitions relating

  5         to dependent children; amending s. 39.509,

  6         F.S.; providing for great-grandparents

  7         visitation rights; amending ss. 39.801 and

  8         63.0425, F.S.; providing for a

  9         great-grandparent's right to adopt; amending s.

10         61.13, F.S.; providing for great-grandparents

11         visitation rights and standing with regard to

12         evaluating custody arrangements; amending s.

13         63.172, F.S.; conforming references relating to

14         great-grandparental visitation rights under ch.

15         752, F.S.; providing an effective date.

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17  Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Florida:

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19         Section 1.  Subsections (48) and (50) of section 39.01,

20  Florida Statutes, 1998 Supplement, are amended to read:

21         39.01  Definitions.--When used in this chapter, unless

22  the context otherwise requires:

23         (48)  "Next of kin" means an adult relative of a child

24  who is the child's brother, sister, grandparent,

25  great-grandparent, aunt, uncle, or first cousin.

26         (50)  "Participant," for purposes of a shelter

27  proceeding, dependency proceeding, or termination of parental

28  rights proceeding, means any person who is not a party but who

29  should receive notice of hearings involving the child,

30  including foster parents or caregivers, identified prospective

31  parents, grandparents or great-grandparents entitled to

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  1  priority for adoption consideration under s. 63.0425, actual

  2  custodians of the child, and any other person whose

  3  participation may be in the best interest of the child.

  4  Participants may be granted leave by the court to be heard

  5  without the necessity of filing a motion to intervene.

  6         Section 2.  Section 39.509, Florida Statutes, 1998

  7  Supplement, is amended to read:

  8         39.509  Grandparents and great-grandparents

  9  rights.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a

10  maternal or paternal grandparent or great-grandparent, as well

11  as a stepgrandparent or step-great-grandparent, is entitled to

12  reasonable visitation with his or her grandchild or

13  great-grandchild who has been adjudicated a dependent child

14  and taken from the physical custody of the parent, custodian,

15  legal guardian, or caregiver unless the court finds that such

16  visitation is not in the best interest of the child or that

17  such visitation would interfere with the goals of the case

18  plan. Reasonable visitation may be unsupervised and, where

19  appropriate and feasible, may be frequent and continuing.

20         (1)  Grandparent or great-grandparent visitation may

21  take place in the home of the grandparent or great-grandparent

22  unless there is a compelling reason for denying such a

23  visitation. The department's caseworker shall arrange the

24  visitation to which a grandparent or great-grandparent is

25  entitled pursuant to this section.  The state shall not charge

26  a fee for any costs associated with arranging the visitation.

27  However, the grandparent or great-grandparent shall pay for

28  the child's cost of transportation when the visitation is to

29  take place in the grandparent's or great-grandparent's home.

30  The caseworker shall document the reasons for any decision to

31  restrict a grandparent's or great-grandparent's visitation.

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  1         (2)  A grandparent or great-grandparent entitled to

  2  visitation pursuant to this section shall not be restricted

  3  from appropriate displays of affection to the child, such as

  4  appropriately hugging or kissing his or her grandchild or

  5  great-grandchild.  Gifts, cards, and letters from the

  6  grandparent or great-grandparent and other family members

  7  shall not be denied to a child who has been adjudicated a

  8  dependent child.

  9         (3)  Any attempt by a grandparent or great-grandparent

10  to facilitate a meeting between the child who has been

11  adjudicated a dependent child and the child's parent,

12  custodian, legal guardian, or caregiver in violation of a

13  court order shall automatically terminate future visitation

14  rights of the grandparent or great-grandparent.

15         (4)  When the child has been returned to the physical

16  custody of his or her parent or permanent custodian, legal

17  guardian, or caregiver, the visitation rights granted pursuant

18  to this section shall terminate.

19         (5)  The termination of parental rights does not affect

20  the rights of grandparents or great-grandparents unless the

21  court finds that such visitation is not in the best interest

22  of the child or that such visitation would interfere with the

23  goals of permanency planning for the child.

24         (6)  In determining whether grandparental or

25  great-grandparental visitation is not in the child's best

26  interest, consideration may be given to the finding of guilt,

27  regardless of adjudication, or entry or plea of guilty or nolo

28  contendere to charges under the following statutes, or similar

29  statutes of other jurisdictions:  s. 787.04, relating to

30  removing minors from the state or concealing minors contrary

31  to court order; s. 794.011, relating to sexual battery; s.

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  1  798.02, relating to lewd and lascivious behavior; chapter 800,

  2  relating to lewdness and indecent exposure; or chapter 827,

  3  relating to the abuse of children.  Consideration may also be

  4  given to a finding of confirmed abuse, abandonment, or neglect

  5  under ss. 415.101-415.113 or this chapter.

  6         Section 3.  Paragraph (a) of subsection (3) of section

  7  39.801, Florida Statutes, 1998 Supplement, is amended to read:

  8         39.801  Procedures and jurisdiction; notice; service of

  9  process.--

10         (3)  Before the court may terminate parental rights, in

11  addition to the other requirements set forth in this part, the

12  following requirements must be met:

13         (a)  Notice of the date, time, and place of the

14  advisory hearing for the petition to terminate parental rights

15  and a copy of the petition must be personally served upon the

16  following persons, specifically notifying them that a petition

17  has been filed:

18         1.  The parents of the child.

19         2.  The caregivers or legal custodians of the child.

20         3.  If the parents who would be entitled to notice are

21  dead or unknown, a living relative of the child, unless upon

22  diligent search and inquiry no such relative can be found.

23         4.  Any person who has physical custody of the child.

24         5.  Any grandparent or great-grandparent entitled to

25  priority for adoption under s. 63.0425.

26         6.  Any prospective parent who has been identified

27  under s. 39.503 or s. 39.803.

28         7.  The guardian ad litem for the child or the

29  representative of the guardian ad litem program, if the

30  program has been appointed.

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  1  The document containing the notice to respond or appear must

  2  contain, in type at least as large as the type in the balance

  3  of the document, the following or substantially similar

  4  language:  "FAILURE TO PERSONALLY APPEAR AT THIS ADVISORY

  5  HEARING CONSTITUTES CONSENT TO THE TERMINATION OF PARENTAL

  6  RIGHTS OF THIS CHILD (OR CHILDREN)."

  7         Section 4.  Paragraph (b) of subsection (2), paragraphs

  8  (c) and (d) of subsection (4), and subsections (6) and (7) of

  9  section 61.13, Florida Statutes, 1998 Supplement, are amended

10  to read:

11         61.13  Custody and support of children; visitation

12  rights; power of court in making orders.--

13         (2)

14         (b)1.  The court shall determine all matters relating

15  to custody of each minor child of the parties in accordance

16  with the best interests of the child and in accordance with

17  the Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction Act. It is the public

18  policy of this state to assure that each minor child has

19  frequent and continuing contact with both parents after the

20  parents separate or the marriage of the parties is dissolved

21  and to encourage parents to share the rights and

22  responsibilities, and joys, of childrearing. After considering

23  all relevant facts, the father of the child shall be given the

24  same consideration as the mother in determining the primary

25  residence of a child irrespective of the age or sex of the

26  child.

27         2.  The court shall order that the parental

28  responsibility for a minor child be shared by both parents

29  unless the court finds that shared parental responsibility

30  would be detrimental to the child. Evidence that a parent has

31  been convicted of a felony of the third degree or higher

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  1  involving domestic violence, as defined in s. 741.28 and

  2  chapter 775, or meets the criteria of s. 39.806(1)(d), creates

  3  a rebuttable presumption of detriment to the child. If the

  4  presumption is not rebutted, shared parental responsibility,

  5  including visitation, residence of the child, and decisions

  6  made regarding the child, may not be granted to the convicted

  7  parent. However, the convicted parent is not relieved of any

  8  obligation to provide financial support. If the court

  9  determines that shared parental responsibility would be

10  detrimental to the child, it may order sole parental

11  responsibility and make such arrangements for visitation as

12  will best protect the child or abused spouse from further

13  harm. Whether or not there is a conviction of any offense of

14  domestic violence or child abuse or the existence of an

15  injunction for protection against domestic violence, the court

16  shall consider evidence of domestic violence or child abuse as

17  evidence of detriment to the child.

18         a.  In ordering shared parental responsibility, the

19  court may consider the expressed desires of the parents and

20  may grant to one party the ultimate responsibility over

21  specific aspects of the child's welfare or may divide those

22  responsibilities between the parties based on the best

23  interests of the child. Areas of responsibility may include

24  primary residence, education, medical and dental care, and any

25  other responsibilities that the court finds unique to a

26  particular family.

27         b.  The court shall order "sole parental

28  responsibility, with or without visitation rights, to the

29  other parent when it is in the best interests of" the minor

30  child.

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  1         c.  The court may award the grandparents and

  2  great-grandparents visitation rights with a minor child if it

  3  is in the child's best interest. Grandparents and

  4  great-grandparents have legal standing to seek judicial

  5  enforcement of such an award. This section does not require

  6  that grandparents or great-grandparents be made parties or

  7  given notice of dissolution pleadings or proceedings, nor do

  8  grandparents or great-grandparents have legal standing as

  9  "contestants" as defined in s. 61.1306. A court may not order

10  that a child be kept within the state or jurisdiction of the

11  court solely for the purpose of permitting visitation by the

12  grandparents or great-grandparents.

13         3.  Access to records and information pertaining to a

14  minor child, including, but not limited to, medical, dental,

15  and school records, may not be denied to a parent because the

16  parent is not the child's primary residential parent.

17         (4)

18         (c)  When a custodial parent refuses to honor a

19  noncustodial parent's, or grandparent's, or

20  great-grandparent's visitation rights without proper cause,

21  the court shall, after calculating the amount of visitation

22  improperly denied, award the noncustodial parent, or

23  grandparent, or great-grandparent a sufficient amount of extra

24  visitation to compensate the noncustodial parent, or

25  grandparent, or great-grandparent, which visitation shall be

26  ordered as expeditiously as possible in a manner consistent

27  with the best interests of the child and scheduled in a manner

28  that is convenient for the person deprived of visitation. In

29  ordering any makeup visitation, the court shall schedule such

30  visitation in a manner that is consistent with the best

31  interests of the child or children and that is convenient for

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    Florida Senate - 1999                            CS for SB 284
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  1  the noncustodial parent, or grandparent, or great-grandparent.

  2  In addition, the court:

  3         1.  May order the custodial parent to pay reasonable

  4  court costs and attorney's fees incurred by the noncustodial

  5  parent, or grandparent, or great-grandparent to enforce their

  6  visitation rights or make up improperly denied visitation;

  7         2.  May order the custodial parent to attend the

  8  parenting course approved by the judicial circuit;

  9         3.  May order the custodial parent to do community

10  service if the order will not interfere with the welfare of

11  the child;

12         4.  May order the custodial parent to have the

13  financial burden of promoting frequent and continuing contact

14  when the custodial parent and child reside further than 60

15  miles from the noncustodial parent;

16         5.  May award custody, rotating custody, or primary

17  residence to the noncustodial parent, upon the request of the

18  noncustodial parent, if the award is in the best interests of

19  the child; or

20         6.  May impose any other reasonable sanction as a

21  result of noncompliance.

22         (d)  A person who violates this subsection may be

23  punished by contempt of court or other remedies as the court

24  deems appropriate.

25         (6)  In any proceeding under this section, the court

26  may not deny shared parental responsibility, custody, or

27  visitation rights to a parent, or grandparent, or

28  great-grandparent solely because that parent, or grandparent,

29  or great-grandparent is or is believed to be infected with

30  human immunodeficiency virus; but the court may condition such

31  rights upon the parent's, or grandparent's, or

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  1  great-grandparent's agreement to observe measures approved by

  2  the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of the United

  3  States Public Health Service or by the Department of Health

  4  and Rehabilitative Services for preventing the spread of human

  5  immunodeficiency virus to the child.

  6         (7)  In any case where the child is actually residing

  7  with a grandparent or great-grandparent in a stable

  8  relationship, whether or not the court has awarded custody to

  9  the grandparent or great-grandparent or not, the court may

10  recognize the grandparents or great-grandparents as having the

11  same standing as parents for evaluating what custody

12  arrangements are in the best interest of the child.

13         Section 5.  Subsection (1) of section 63.0425, Florida

14  Statutes, is amended to read:

15         63.0425  Grandparent's or great-grandparent's right to

16  adopt.--

17         (1)  When a child who has lived with a grandparent or

18  great-grandparent for at least 6 months is placed for

19  adoption, the agency or intermediary handling the adoption

20  shall notify that grandparent or great-grandparent of the

21  impending adoption before the petition for adoption is filed.

22  If the grandparent or great-grandparent petitions the court to

23  adopt the child, the court shall give first priority for

24  adoption to that grandparent or great-grandparent.

25         Section 6.  Subsection (2) of section 63.172, Florida

26  Statutes, is amended to read:

27         63.172  Effect of judgment of adoption.--

28         (2)  If one or both parents of a child die without the

29  relationship of parent and child having been previously

30  terminated and a spouse of the living parent or a close

31  relative of the child thereafter adopts the child, the child's

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  1  right of inheritance from or through the deceased parent is

  2  unaffected by the adoption and, unless the court orders

  3  otherwise, the adoption will not terminate any grandparental

  4  or great-grandparental rights delineated under chapter 752.

  5  For purposes of this subsection, a close relative of a child

  6  is the child's brother, sister, grandparent,

  7  great-grandparent, aunt, or uncle.

  8         Section 7.  This act shall take effect October 1, 1999.

  9

10          STATEMENT OF SUBSTANTIAL CHANGES CONTAINED IN
                       COMMITTEE SUBSTITUTE FOR
11                              SB 284

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13  Deletes amendments to s. 984.03, F.S., relating to rights of
    persons as participants in shelter proceedings.
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    Deletes amendments to s. 985.03, F.S., relating to rights of
15  persons as next of kin of a homicide victim to receive notice
    of, to be present at, and to be heard in all crucial stages of
16  a juvenile proceeding against the juvenile offender.

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