Senate Bill 0940

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    Florida Senate - 1999                                   SB 940

    By the Committee on Comprehensive Planning, Local and Military
    Affairs




    316-599E-99

  1                      A bill to be entitled

  2         An act relating to eminent domain; creating s.

  3         73.015, F.S.; requiring presuit negotiation

  4         before an action in eminent domain may be

  5         initiated under ch. 73, F.S., or ch. 74, F.S.;

  6         providing requirements for the condemning

  7         authority; requiring the condemning authority

  8         to give specified notices; requiring a written

  9         offer of purchase and appraisal and specifying

10         the time period during which the owner may

11         respond to the offer before a condemnation

12         lawsuit may be filed; providing procedures;

13         allowing a business owner to claim business

14         damage within a specified time period;

15         providing circumstances under which the court

16         must strike a business-damage defense;

17         providing procedures for business-damage

18         claims; providing for nonbinding mediation;

19         requiring the condemning authority to pay

20         reasonable costs and attorney's fees of a

21         property owner; allowing the property owner to

22         file a complaint in circuit court to recover

23         attorney's fees and costs, if the parties

24         cannot agree on the amount; providing that

25         certain evidence is inadmissible in specified

26         proceedings; amending s. 73.092, F.S.; deleting

27         provisions relating to attorney's fees for

28         business-damage claims; amending ss. 127.01,

29         166.401, F.S.; restricting the exercise by

30         counties and municipalities of specified

31         eminent domain powers granted to the Department

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    Florida Senate - 1999                                   SB 940
    316-599E-99




  1         of Transportation; repealing ss. 337.27(2),

  2         337.271, 348.0008(2), 348.759(2), 348.957(2),

  3         F.S., relating to limiting the acquisition cost

  4         of lands and property acquired through eminent

  5         domain proceedings by the Department of

  6         Transportation, the Orlando-Orange County

  7         Expressway Authority, or the Seminole County

  8         Expressway Authority, or under the Florida

  9         Expressway Authority Act, and relating to the

10         notice that the Department of Transportation

11         must give to a fee owner at the inception of

12         negotiations to acquire land; amending s.

13         479.15, F.S.; preempting certain county and

14         municipal regulation of outdoor advertising

15         signs located adjacent to the state highway

16         system; providing an effective date.

17

18  Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Florida:

19

20         Section 1.  Section 73.015, Florida Statutes, is

21  created to read:

22         73.015  Presuit negotiation.--

23         (1)  Before an eminent domain action is brought under

24  this chapter or chapter 74, the condemning authority must

25  attempt to negotiate in good faith with the fee owner of the

26  parcel to be acquired, must provide the owner with a written

27  offer and a copy of the appraisal upon which the offer is

28  based, and must attempt to reach an agreement regarding the

29  amount of compensation to be paid for the parcel.

30

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    Florida Senate - 1999                                   SB 940
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  1         (a)  At the inception of negotiation for acquisition,

  2  the condemning authority must notify the fee owner of the

  3  following:

  4         1.  That all or a portion of his or her property is

  5  necessary for an authorized project;

  6         2.  The nature of the project for which the parcel is

  7  considered necessary, and the parcel designation of the

  8  property to be acquired;

  9         3.  That the condemning authority will provide

10  right-of-way maps or construction plans that depict the

11  proposed taking within 15 days after receipt of a request by

12  the owner for such maps;

13         4.  The fee owner's statutory rights under ss. 73.091

14  and 73.092; and

15         5.  The fee owner's rights and responsibilities under

16  paragraphs (b) and (c) and subsection (4).

17         (b)  The condemning authority must provide a written

18  offer of purchase to the fee owner. The owner must be given at

19  least 30 days to respond to the offer before the condemning

20  authority files a condemnation lawsuit for the parcel

21  identified in the offer.

22         (c)  The notice, written offer, and written appraisal

23  upon which the offer is based must be sent by certified mail,

24  return receipt requested, to the fee owner's last known

25  address listed on the county ad valorem tax roll.

26  Alternatively, the notice, written offer, and written

27  appraisal may be personally delivered to the fee owner of the

28  property. If there is more than one owner of a property,

29  notice to one owner constitutes notice to all owners of the

30  property. The return of the notice as undeliverable by the

31  postal authorities constitutes compliance with this provision.

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    Florida Senate - 1999                                   SB 940
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  1  The condemning authority is not required to give notice or a

  2  written offer to a person who acquires title to the property

  3  after the notice required by this section has been given.

  4         (d)  Notwithstanding this subsection, with respect to

  5  lands acquired under s. 259.041, the condemning authority is

  6  not required to give the fee owner the current appraisal

  7  before executing an option contract.

  8         (2)  Before an eminent domain action is brought under

  9  this chapter or chapter 74 by the Department of Transportation

10  or by a county, municipality, board, district, or other public

11  body for the condemnation of right-of-way, the condemning

12  authority must make a good-faith effort to notify the property

13  owners, including lessees, who operate a business located on

14  the property to be acquired of their statutory rights under s.

15  73.091 and of the items listed in subparagraphs (1)(a)1.-3.

16  The notice must be sent by certified mail, return receipt

17  requested, or by personal delivery to any person in possession

18  of the premises. If a diligent search fails to locate a

19  business owner, the notice must be published in a newspaper at

20  least once each week for two consecutive weeks in the county

21  where the property is located. However, if the property is

22  located in a municipality and a newspaper is published there,

23  the notice must be published in such a newspaper. Notice to

24  one owner of a multiple ownership business constitutes notice

25  to all business owners of that business. The condemning

26  authority is not required to give notice to a business owner

27  who acquires an interest in the business after the notice

28  required by this section has been given. Once notice has been

29  made to business owners under this subsection, the condemning

30  authority may file a condemnation action pursuant to chapter

31  73 or chapter 74 for the property identified in the notice.

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    Florida Senate - 1999                                   SB 940
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  1         (a)  If the business owner intends to claim business

  2  damage under s. 73.071(3)(b), he or she must, within 120 days

  3  after either receipt of the notice or the date of final

  4  publication of notice as required by this subsection, or at a

  5  later time mutually agreed to by the condemning authority and

  6  the business owner, submit to the condemning authority a

  7  good-faith written offer to settle any claims of business

  8  damage to the property. The written offer must be sent to the

  9  condemning authority by certified mail, return receipt

10  requested. Absent a showing of a good-faith justification for

11  the failure to submit a business-damage offer within 120 days,

12  the court must strike the business owner's claim for business

13  damages in any condemnation lawsuit. If the court finds that

14  the business owner has acted in good faith, the court shall

15  grant the business owner 120 days within which to submit a

16  business-damage offer, which the condemning authority must

17  respond to within 90 days.

18         1.  The business-damage claim must include an

19  explanation of the nature, extent, and monetary amount of such

20  damage and must be prepared by either the owner or a certified

21  public accountant. The business owner shall also provide to

22  the condemning authority copies of the owner's business

23  records that substantiate the good-faith offer to settle

24  claims of business damage. If additional information is needed

25  beyond data that may be obtained from business records

26  existing at the time of the offer, the business owner and

27  condemning authority may agree on a schedule for the

28  submission of such data. Business records that are not

29  provided to the condemning authority under this section may

30  not be used by the business owner either individually or in

31  conjunction with other business records to establish or prove

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    Florida Senate - 1999                                   SB 940
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  1  business damage, nor may they be used to establish an award of

  2  attorney's fees.

  3         2.  As used in this paragraph, the term "business

  4  records" includes, but is not limited to, copies of federal

  5  income tax returns, federal income tax withholding statements,

  6  federal miscellaneous income tax statements, state sales tax

  7  returns, balance sheets, profit and loss statements, state

  8  corporate income tax returns for the 5 years preceding

  9  notification which are attributable to the business operation

10  on the property to be acquired, and other records that

11  substantiate the business-damage claim.

12         (b)  Within 90 days after receipt of the good-faith

13  business-damage offer and accompanying business records, the

14  condemning authority must, by certified mail, accept or reject

15  the business owner's offer or make a counteroffer.

16         (3)  At any time in the presuit negotiation process,

17  the parties may agree to submit the compensation or

18  business-damage claims to nonbinding mediation. The parties

19  shall agree upon a mediator certified under s. 44.102.

20         (4)  Upon submission of an invoice that complies with

21  the requirements of this subsection, the condemning authority

22  shall pay all reasonable costs, including reasonable

23  attorney's fees and reasonable mediation costs, incurred on

24  behalf of a fee or business property owner under this section

25  for presuit negotiations. In order to qualify for reasonable

26  attorney's fees and costs for presuit negotiations, the fee or

27  business owner must have complied with the requirements of

28  this section and must be entitled to compensation from the

29  condemning authority under this chapter. The invoice must

30  include complete time records and a detailed statement of

31  services performed and time spent performing the services.

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    Florida Senate - 1999                                   SB 940
    316-599E-99




  1         (a)  The attorney's fees must be calculated on the

  2  basis of criteria set forth in s. 73.092(1), except for

  3  attorney's fees associated with business-damage claims, which

  4  must be calculated in accordance with s. 73.092(2), (3), (4),

  5  and (5). The acceptance or rejection of the business owner's

  6  offer or the counter offer by the condemning authority as

  7  required by paragraph (2)(b) constitutes the relevant written

  8  offer for purposes of calculating the benefit under s.

  9  73.092(1). 

10         (b)  Reasonable appraisal fees or accountant's fees as

11  authorized by this section must not exceed the general or

12  customary hourly rate for such fees in the community.

13         (c)  If the parties cannot agree on the amount of costs

14  and attorney's fees to be paid by the condemning authority,

15  the property owner may file a complaint in the circuit court

16  in the county in which the property is located to recover

17  attorney's fees and costs.

18         (5)  Evidence of negotiations, or of any written or

19  oral statements used in mediation, conducted by the parties

20  under this section is inadmissible in any subsequent

21  proceeding, except in a proceeding to determine reasonable

22  costs and attorney's fees.

23         Section 2.  Section 73.092, Florida Statutes, is

24  amended to read:

25         73.092  Attorney's fees.--

26         (1)  Except as otherwise provided in this section and

27  s. 73.015, the court, in eminent domain proceedings, shall

28  award attorney's fees based solely on the benefits achieved

29  for the client.

30         (a)  As used in this section, the term "benefits" means

31  the difference, exclusive of interest, between the final

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    Florida Senate - 1999                                   SB 940
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  1  judgment or settlement and the last written offer made by the

  2  condemning authority before the defendant hires an attorney.

  3  If no written offer is made by the condemning authority before

  4  the defendant hires an attorney, benefits must be measured

  5  from the first written offer after the attorney is hired.

  6         1.  In determining attorney's fees in prelitigation

  7  negotiations, benefits do not include amounts awarded for

  8  business damages unless the business owner provided to the

  9  condemning authority, upon written request, prior to

10  litigation, those financial and business records kept by the

11  owner in the ordinary course of business.

12         2.  In determining attorney's fees subsequent to the

13  filing of litigation, if financial and business records kept

14  by the owner in the ordinary course of business were not

15  provided to the condemning authority prior to litigation,

16  benefits for amounts awarded for business damages must be

17  based on the first written offer made by the condemning

18  authority within 120 days after the filing of the eminent

19  domain action. In the event the petitioner makes a discovery

20  request for a defendant's financial and business records kept

21  in the ordinary course of business within 45 days after the

22  filing of that defendant's answer, then the 120-day period

23  shall be extended to 60 days after receipt by petitioner of

24  those records. If the condemning authority makes no written

25  offer to the defendant for business damages within the time

26  period provided in this section, benefits for amounts awarded

27  for business damages must be based on the difference between

28  the final judgment or settlement and the last written offer

29  made by the condemning authority before the defendant hired an

30  attorney.

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    Florida Senate - 1999                                   SB 940
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  1         (b)  The court may also consider nonmonetary benefits

  2  obtained for the client through the efforts of the attorney,

  3  to the extent such nonmonetary benefits are specifically

  4  identified by the court and can, within a reasonable degree of

  5  certainty, be quantified.

  6         (c)  Attorney's fees based on benefits achieved shall

  7  be awarded in accordance with the following schedule:

  8         1.  Thirty-three percent of any benefit up to $250,000;

  9  plus

10         2.  Twenty-five percent of any portion of the benefit

11  between $250,000 and $1 million; plus

12         3.  Twenty percent of any portion of the benefit

13  exceeding $1 million.

14         (2)  In assessing attorney's fees incurred in defeating

15  an order of taking, or for apportionment, or other

16  supplemental proceedings, when not otherwise provided for, the

17  court shall consider:

18         (a)  The novelty, difficulty, and importance of the

19  questions involved.

20         (b)  The skill employed by the attorney in conducting

21  the cause.

22         (c)  The amount of money involved.

23         (d)  The responsibility incurred and fulfilled by the

24  attorney.

25         (e)  The attorney's time and labor reasonably required

26  adequately to represent the client in relation to the benefits

27  resulting to the client.

28         (f)  The fee, or rate of fee, customarily charged for

29  legal services of a comparable or similar nature.

30         (g)  Any attorney's fee award made under subsection

31  (1).

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    Florida Senate - 1999                                   SB 940
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  1         (3)  In determining the amount of attorney's fees to be

  2  paid by the petitioner under subsection (2), the court shall

  3  be guided by the fees the defendant would ordinarily be

  4  expected to pay for these services if the petitioner were not

  5  responsible for the payment of those fees.

  6         (4)  At least 30 days prior to a hearing to assess

  7  attorney's fees under subsection (2), the condemnee's attorney

  8  shall submit to the condemning authority and to the court

  9  complete time records and a detailed statement of services

10  rendered by date, nature of services performed, time spent

11  performing such services, and costs incurred.

12         (5)  The defendant shall provide to the court a copy of

13  any fee agreement that may exist between the defendant and his

14  or her attorney, and the court must reduce the amount of

15  attorney's fees to be paid by the defendant by the amount of

16  any attorney's fees awarded by the court.

17         Section 3.  Subsection (1) of section 127.01, Florida

18  Statutes, is amended to read:

19         127.01  Counties delegated power of eminent domain;

20  recreational purposes, issue of necessity of taking.--

21         (1)(a)  Each county of the state is delegated authority

22  to exercise the right and power of eminent domain; that is,

23  the right to appropriate property, except state or federal,

24  for any county purpose.  The absolute fee simple title to all

25  property so taken and acquired shall vest in such county

26  unless the county seeks to condemn a particular right or

27  estate in such property.

28         (b)  Each county is further authorized to exercise the

29  eminent domain power powers granted to the Department of

30  Transportation by s. 337.27(1) and (2), the transportation

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    Florida Senate - 1999                                   SB 940
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  1  corridor protection provisions of s. 337.273, and the right of

  2  entry onto property pursuant to s. 337.274.

  3         Section 4.  Subsection (2) of section 166.401, Florida

  4  Statutes, is amended to read:

  5         166.401  Right of eminent domain.--

  6         (2)  Each municipality is further authorized to

  7  exercise the eminent domain power powers granted to the

  8  Department of Transportation in s. 337.27(1) and (2) and the

  9  transportation corridor protection provisions of s. 337.273.

10         Section 5.  Subsection (2) of section 337.27, Florida

11  Statutes, section 337.271, Florida Statutes, subsection (2) of

12  section 348.0008, Florida Statutes, subsection (2) of section

13  348.759, Florida Statutes, and subsection (2) of section

14  348.957, Florida Statutes, are repealed.

15         Section 6.  Subsection (3) is added to section 479.15,

16  Florida Statutes, to read:

17         479.15  Harmony of regulations.--

18         (3)  It is the express intent of the Legislature to

19  limit the state right-of-way acquisition costs in eminent

20  domain proceedings by preempting county and municipal

21  regulation of outdoor advertising signs located adjacent to

22  any part of the state highway system when the state is making

23  improvement to such highways, the provisions of ss. 479.07 and

24  479.155 notwithstanding. Subject to approval by the Federal

25  Highway Administration, whenever public acquisition of land

26  upon which is situated a lawful nonconforming sign occurs, the

27  sign may, at the election of its owner, be relocated or

28  reconstructed adjacent to the new right-of-way at the same

29  station along the roadway, and any administrative rule or

30  local ordinance to the contrary is preempted.

31         Section 7.  This act shall take effect January 1, 2000.

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    Florida Senate - 1999                                   SB 940
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  1            *****************************************

  2                          SENATE SUMMARY

  3    Requires presuit negotiation before an action in eminent
      domain may be initiated under ch. 73, F.S., or ch. 74,
  4    F.S. Provides requirements for the condemning authority.
      Requires the condemning authority to give specified
  5    notices. Provides that, before a condemnation lawsuit may
      be filed, a written offer of purchase must be tendered,
  6    and the owner has 30 days in which to respond to the
      offer. Provides procedures. Allows a business owner to
  7    submit, within a specified time period, a claim for
      business damages. Prescribes circumstances under which
  8    the court must strike a business-damage defense. Provides
      procedures for business-damage claims. Provides for
  9    nonbinding mediation. Requires the condemning authority
      to pay reasonable costs and attorney's fees and
10    reasonable mediation costs of a property owner under
      specified conditions. Allows the property owner to file a
11    complaint in circuit court to recover costs and
      attorney's fees, if the parties cannot agree on the
12    amount. Provides that certain evidence is inadmissible in
      specified proceedings. Deletes current provisions
13    relating to attorney's fees for business-damage claims.
      Restricts the exercise by counties and municipalities of
14    specified eminent domain powers granted to the Department
      of Transportation. Repeals ss. 337.27(2), 337.271,
15    348.0008(2), 348.759(2), and 348.957(2), F.S., relating
      to limiting the acquisition cost of lands and property
16    acquired through eminent domain proceedings by the
      Department of Transportation or by various expressway
17    authorities, and relating to the notice that the
      Department of Transportation must give to a fee owner at
18    the inception of negotiations to acquire land. Preempts
      the regulation of outdoor advertising along the state
19    highway system to the state.

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