1 | A bill to be entitled |
2 | An act relating to financial exploitation of elderly |
3 | persons; creating ss. 410.701-410.706, F.S.; providing a |
4 | popular name; providing legislative intent; providing |
5 | definitions; making financial exploitation of an elderly |
6 | person unlawful; providing for a civil action for actual |
7 | and punitive damages; providing for an award of attorney's |
8 | fees; providing continued jurisdiction of the court in the |
9 | event of the death of the elderly person; authorizing the |
10 | Attorney General to investigate, administer oaths, |
11 | subpoena witnesses, or bring a civil action under certain |
12 | circumstances; providing for the award of costs of such |
13 | action to the Attorney General; providing for the elderly |
14 | person to request an advance on the trial docket; limiting |
15 | available damages; limiting available defenses; providing |
16 | limitation on the possibility of a waiver; limiting |
17 | punitive damages; requiring deposit of a portion of any |
18 | punitive damage award into a certain trust fund; requiring |
19 | the Department of Revenue to collect and deposit payments; |
20 | providing for proportionate shares of punitive damages |
21 | under certain circumstances; requiring the Department of |
22 | Elderly Affairs to develop educational initiatives to |
23 | educate certain persons; creating s. 825.1035, F.S.; |
24 | providing a definition; providing criminal penalties for |
25 | committing financial exploitation of an elderly person; |
26 | requiring the Governor to appoint a financial security |
27 | task force and providing duties thereof; providing an |
28 | effective date. |
29 |
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30 | Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Florida: |
31 |
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32 | Section 1. Section 410.701, Florida Statutes, is created |
33 | to read: |
34 | 410.701 Popular name.--Sections 410.701-410.706 may be |
35 | referred to by the popular name the "Financial Protection for |
36 | the Elderly Act of 2004." |
37 | Section 2. Section 410.702, Florida Statutes, is created |
38 | to read: |
39 | 410.702 Legislative intent.--The Legislature recognizes |
40 | that elderly persons are frequent victims of deceptive and |
41 | unfair acts and business practices and are often unusually |
42 | vulnerable to such conduct. The purpose of ss. 410.701-410.706 |
43 | is to protect elderly persons from being exploited financially |
44 | by giving elderly persons means to recover damages from those |
45 | engaging in deceptive and unfair activities against them. |
46 | Section 3. Section 410.703, Florida Statutes, is created |
47 | to read: |
48 | 410.703 Definitions.?As used in ss. 410.701?410.706, the |
49 | term: |
50 | (1) "Deception" means a false or misleading |
51 | representation, omission, or concealment of a material fact |
52 | relating to services rendered to, disposition of property of, or |
53 | the use of property belonging to or intended for the benefit of |
54 | an elderly person. |
55 | (2) "Department" means the Department of Elderly Affairs. |
56 | (3) "Elderly person" means a person over the age of 60 who |
57 | resides in this state. |
58 | (4) "Fiduciary relationship" means a relationship in which |
59 | an elderly person has entrusted a person with the use or |
60 | management of the funds, property, or other assets of the |
61 | elderly person. The relationship exists where there is a special |
62 | confidence reposed in one who in equity and good conscience is |
63 | bound to act in good faith and with due regard to the interests |
64 | of the elderly person. For the purposes of ss. 410.701-410.706, |
65 | a fiduciary relationship may be formed by an informal agreement |
66 | between the elderly person and the other person and does not |
67 | require a formal declaration or court order for its existence. |
68 | (5) "Financial exploitation" means to obtain or use, or |
69 | endeavor to obtain or use, by deception or intimidation, an |
70 | elderly person's funds, assets, or property with the intent to |
71 | permanently separate an elderly person from such funds, assets, |
72 | or property. Financial exploitation includes any act in |
73 | furtherance of the causing, bringing about, participation in, |
74 | aiding, or abetting of the financial exploitation of an elderly |
75 | person. |
76 | (6) "Financial institution" includes a bank, bank holding |
77 | company, credit card bank, banking organization, savings |
78 | association, trust company, credit union, investment company, |
79 | insurance company, or money market mutual fund. |
80 | (7) "Intimidation" means the communication by word or act |
81 | to an elderly person that he or she will be deprived of food, |
82 | nutrition, clothing, shelter, medicine, medical services, money, |
83 | or financial support or will suffer physical violence, which |
84 | communication a person could reasonably infer was intended to |
85 | frighten, coerce, or forcibly compel the elderly person. |
86 | (8) "Obtains or uses" means any manner of: |
87 | (a) Taking or exercising control over funds, property, or |
88 | assets; or |
89 | (b) Making any use, disposition, or transfer of funds, |
90 | property, or assets. |
91 | Section 4. Section 410.704, Florida Statutes, is created |
92 | to read: |
93 | 410.704 Financial exploitation; civil action.-- |
94 | (1) Financial exploitation of an elderly person by a |
95 | financial institution or its subsidiary which has a fiduciary or |
96 | legal relationship with the elderly person is unlawful and |
97 | against the public policy of this state. |
98 | (2) Any elderly person who suffers injury or loss as a |
99 | result of a violation of this section may bring an action in any |
100 | court of competent jurisdiction for actual damages and, if |
101 | appropriate, punitive damages. A plaintiff who prevails in any |
102 | such action may be entitled to recover reasonable attorney's |
103 | fees and costs of the action. Nothing in this section shall |
104 | prevent the application of s. 57.105 in assessing attorney's |
105 | fees against a plaintiff. |
106 | (3) No attorney's fees may be paid by a claimant for |
107 | services related to this section or awarded to the plaintiff |
108 | under this section in excess of a maximum fee calculated in |
109 | accordance with the lodestar process approved by the Florida |
110 | Supreme Court. Such maximum fee shall be set by the |
111 | determination of the number of hours reasonably expended on the |
112 | matter and the reasonable hourly rate for the services provided |
113 | by the attorney. In contingent fee matters, the lodestar figure |
114 | calculated may include a reasonable contingency risk multiplier |
115 | not greater than 4. Attorney's fees may also include |
116 | reimbursement for reasonable costs and expenses. |
117 | (4) A court shall not lose jurisdiction of any claim for |
118 | relief under this section due to the death of the elderly |
119 | person. An action may be brought by the elderly person, or that |
120 | person's guardian, by a person or organization acting on behalf |
121 | of the elderly person with the consent of that person or that |
122 | person's guardian, or by the personal representative, executor, |
123 | or trustee of the estate of a deceased elderly person. |
124 | (5) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the |
125 | Attorney General may: |
126 | (a) Conduct an investigation, administer oaths, and |
127 | subpoena witnesses or matter if the Attorney General has reason |
128 | to believe that a person has engaged in, or is engaging in, an |
129 | act or practice involving financial exploitation of an elderly |
130 | person. |
131 | (b) Bring a civil action in circuit court for actual |
132 | damages, restitution, or injunctive, declaratory, or other |
133 | appropriate equitable relief on behalf of an elderly person who |
134 | has suffered a loss as a result of a violation of this section. |
135 | (6) In the case of any successful action brought by the |
136 | Attorney General under this section, the costs of the action, |
137 | together with a reasonable attorney's fee, shall be awarded to |
138 | the Attorney General. Any moneys received by the Attorney |
139 | General for attorney's fees and costs of investigation or |
140 | litigation in enforcement of this section shall be deposited in |
141 | the Elder Victims Trust Fund, if created by law. |
142 | (7) In an action under this section in which an elderly |
143 | person is a party, the elderly person may move the court to |
144 | advance the trial on the docket. The presiding judge, after |
145 | consideration of the age and health of the party, may advance |
146 | the trial on the docket. The motion may be filed and served with |
147 | the initial complaint or at any time thereafter. |
148 | (8) The rights and remedies provided in ss. 410.701? |
149 | 410.706 are in addition to and cumulative with other legal and |
150 | administrative remedies available to an elderly person, except a |
151 | party may not recover damages under this section in addition to |
152 | damages under s. 772.11. |
153 | (9) Lack of knowledge of the elderly person's age does not |
154 | constitute a defense to a cause of action brought under ss. |
155 | 410.701?410.706. |
156 | (10) Any waiver by an elderly person of the provisions of |
157 | ss. 410.701?410.706 or any relief or remedies provided to any |
158 | elderly person in ss. 410.701?410.706 shall be unenforceable and |
159 | void. |
160 | Section 5. Section 410.705, Florida Statutes, is created |
161 | to read: |
162 | 410.705 Punitive damages; limitation; allocation.-- |
163 | (1) An award of punitive damages may not exceed the |
164 | greater of: |
165 | (a) Three times the amount of compensatory damages awarded |
166 | to each claimant entitled thereto, consistent with the remaining |
167 | provisions of this section; or |
168 | (b) The sum of $1 million. |
169 | (2) This section is not intended to prohibit an |
170 | appropriate court from exercising its jurisdiction under s. |
171 | 768.74 in determining the reasonableness of an award of punitive |
172 | damages that is less than three times the amount of compensatory |
173 | damages. |
174 | (3) A jury may not be instructed or informed as to the |
175 | provisions of this section. |
176 | (4) Notwithstanding any other law to the contrary, the |
177 | amount of punitive damages awarded pursuant to this section |
178 | shall be equally divided between the claimant and the Elder |
179 | Victims Trust Fund, if created by law, in accordance with the |
180 | following provisions: |
181 | (a) The clerk of court shall transmit a copy of the jury |
182 | verdict to the Chief Financial Officer by certified mail. In the |
183 | final judgment, the court shall order the percentages of the |
184 | award, payable as provided herein. |
185 | (b) A settlement agreement entered into between the |
186 | original parties to the action after a verdict has been returned |
187 | must provide a proportionate share payable to the Elder Victims |
188 | Trust Fund, if created by law. For purposes of this paragraph, a |
189 | proportionate share is a 50-percent share of that percentage of |
190 | the settlement amount which the punitive damages portion of the |
191 | verdict bore to the total of the compensatory and punitive |
192 | damages in the verdict. |
193 | (c) The Department of Revenue shall collect or cause to be |
194 | collected all payments due the state under this section. Such |
195 | payments shall be deposited in the Elder Victims Trust Fund, if |
196 | created by law. |
197 | (d) If the full amount of punitive damages awarded cannot |
198 | be collected, the claimant and the other recipients designated |
199 | pursuant to this subsection are each entitled to a proportionate |
200 | share of the punitive damages collected. |
201 | Section 6. Section 410.706, Florida Statutes, is created |
202 | to read: |
203 | 410.706 Exploitation of elderly persons; educational |
204 | initiatives.--The department shall develop and implement |
205 | statewide educational initiatives to inform elderly persons, law |
206 | enforcement officers, members of the judicial system, social |
207 | services professionals, and the general public of the prevalence |
208 | of and methods for preventing deceptive and unfair acts or |
209 | practices that victimize elderly persons, and to inform these |
210 | groups of the provisions of this chapter, chapter 415, and ss. |
211 | 772.11, 775.0844, and 812.0145 and the rights and remedies |
212 | available to elderly persons. |
213 | Section 7. Section 825.1035, Florida Statutes, is created |
214 | to read: |
215 | 825.1035 Financial exploitation of elderly persons.-- |
216 | (1) "Financial exploitation of an elderly person" means |
217 | knowingly, by deception or intimidation, obtaining or using, or |
218 | endeavoring to obtain or use, the funds, assets, or property of |
219 | an elderly person with the intent to temporarily or permanently |
220 | deprive the elderly person of the use, benefit, or possession of |
221 | the funds, assets, or property, or for the benefit of someone |
222 | other than the elderly person, by a person who has a business |
223 | relationship with the elderly person. |
224 | (2)(a) If the funds, assets, or property involved in the |
225 | exploitation of the elderly person are valued at $100,000 or |
226 | more, the offender commits a felony of the second degree, |
227 | punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084. |
228 | (b) If the funds, assets, or property involved in the |
229 | exploitation of the elderly person are valued at $20,000 or |
230 | more, but less than $100,000, the offender commits a felony of |
231 | the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. |
232 | 775.083, or s. 775.084. |
233 | (c) If the funds, assets, or property involved in the |
234 | exploitation of the elderly person are valued at less than |
235 | $20,000, the offender commits a misdemeanor of the first degree, |
236 | punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or by a fine of not more |
237 | than $5,000, or both. |
238 | Section 8. The Governor shall appoint a financial security |
239 | task force for elderly persons, to be established within the |
240 | Department of Elderly Affairs, to make recommendations to the |
241 | Legislature, on or before January 1, 2005, for the establishment |
242 | of a program to identify and certify commercial organizations |
243 | that take significant affirmative steps to protect elderly |
244 | persons from fraud, deceit, and other harms that often arise out |
245 | of an elderly person's unique position in the marketplace. The |
246 | task force should focus on financial and similar institutions |
247 | and fiduciary enterprises that assume responsibility for the |
248 | holding or management of funds, property, or assets of elderly |
249 | persons, as well as those who provide professional services to |
250 | elderly persons. The task force shall investigate whether it |
251 | would be advisable to identify or establish standards or best |
252 | practices for organizations to adopt and follow that might |
253 | protect elderly persons from fraud and deceit and from incidents |
254 | of misuse of the personal and financial information of elderly |
255 | persons. The objective of the recommendations should be to |
256 | enable commercial organizations to maintain and publicize a |
257 | business policy protective of the interests of elderly persons |
258 | and to empower elderly persons to easily identify those |
259 | commercial organizations that will best assist them in |
260 | protecting their own financial and privacy interests. |
261 | Section 9. This act shall take effect upon becoming a law. |