1 | A bill to be entitled |
2 | An act relating to renewable energy; creating s. 366.91, |
3 | F.S.; providing a popular name; providing legislative |
4 | findings; providing definitions; requiring the Public |
5 | Service Commission to require public utilities to offer a |
6 | purchase contract to facilities that produce qualified |
7 | renewable resources; providing requirements for such |
8 | contracts; providing for cost recovery; providing for |
9 | sales of renewable energy to a utility other than the host |
10 | utility; authorizing the commission to adopt rules; |
11 | creating s. 366.95, F.S.; providing definitions; |
12 | establishing and providing for a minimum renewable energy |
13 | purchase requirement; providing for cost recovery; |
14 | providing for rules; providing penalties; requiring a |
15 | report to the Legislature; amending s. 403.7061, F.S.; |
16 | deleting a permit requirement for a waste-to-energy |
17 | facility; establishing new requirements for solid waste |
18 | management; providing an effective date. |
19 |
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20 | Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Florida: |
21 |
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22 | Section 1. Section 366.91, Florida Statutes, is created to |
23 | read: |
24 | 366.91 Renewable energy standard offer contract.-- |
25 | (1) POPULAR NAME.--This section may be known by the |
26 | popular name the "Renewable Electric Energy Production Act." |
27 | (2) LEGISLATIVE FINDINGS.--The Legislature finds that it |
28 | is in the public interest to promote the development of |
29 | renewable electric resources in this state. Renewable electric |
30 | resources have the potential to help diversify Florida's growing |
31 | dependency on natural gas for electric production, minimize the |
32 | volatility of fuel costs, encourage investment within this |
33 | state, improve environmental conditions, and make Florida a |
34 | leader in new and innovative technologies. However, the |
35 | Legislature acknowledges that, at this time, renewable electric |
36 | resources cost more than traditional generating technologies and |
37 | fuels. Therefore, a greater deployment of renewable electric |
38 | resources must be balanced against any adverse impacts on |
39 | electric rates. To balance these objectives, the Legislature |
40 | authorizes the Public Service Commission to require public |
41 | utilities to make available a renewable generation contract for |
42 | purposes of encouraging greater deployment of renewable electric |
43 | resources. |
44 | (3) DEFINITIONS.--As used in this section, the term: |
45 | (a) "Biomass" means a power source that is comprised of, |
46 | but not limited to, combustible residues or gases from forest |
47 | products manufacturing, agricultural and orchard crops, waste |
48 | products from livestock and poultry operations and food |
49 | processing, urban wood waste, municipal solid waste, municipal |
50 | liquid waste treatment operations, and landfill gas. |
51 | (b) "Qualified renewable resource" means energy produced |
52 | from any method or process that uses one or more of the |
53 | following fuels or processes: fuel cells, biomass, solar |
54 | photovoltaic energy, municipal solid waste, geothermal energy, |
55 | wind energy, hydroelectric or thermal ocean energy, |
56 | hydroelectric energy, landfill gas, agricultural products and |
57 | byproducts, and waste heat from nonfossil-fueled exothermic |
58 | reactions. |
59 | (4) RENEWABLE GENERATION CONTRACTS.--The commission shall |
60 | require public utilities to offer to facilities that produce |
61 | qualified renewable resources a renewable generation contract |
62 | that allows such facilities to sell any electric output to any |
63 | public utility in this state. To achieve the purposes of this |
64 | chapter, such a contract may contain payment provisions that |
65 | offer financial incentives for qualified renewable resources |
66 | based on the construction and operation of utility-owned |
67 | generating facilities that provide for fuel diversity and fuel |
68 | cost stabilization for that public utility. The commission may |
69 | use a statewide generating facility in determining the financial |
70 | incentives to be contained in the contract. The commission shall |
71 | establish standards relating to the terms, conditions, and |
72 | payment schedules of such contracts to reflect the actual |
73 | operational performance and capacity factors associated with a |
74 | utility-owned generating facility that provides for fuel |
75 | diversity and fuel cost stabilization. The commission may adjust |
76 | capacity payment schedules according to the extent that |
77 | operational performance, reliability, risks, and capacity |
78 | factors of a facility producing qualified renewable resources |
79 | differ from the performance and capacity factors of a utility |
80 | generating unit. Each contract must provide a minimum contract |
81 | term of 5 years and be approved by the commission. Prudent and |
82 | reasonable costs associated with a renewable generation contract |
83 | shall be recovered from the ratepayers of the contracting |
84 | utility. The commission may periodically review and establish |
85 | new payment schedules, identify the most current selected |
86 | utility-owned generating or statewide generating unit that |
87 | provides for fuel diversity and fuel cost stabilization, and |
88 | review the terms and conditions for prospective renewable |
89 | generation contracts to minimize the cost impacts of such |
90 | contracts on ratepayers. |
91 | (5) TRANSMISSION.--A facility that produces qualified |
92 | renewable resources for sale to a public utility must pay the |
93 | actual construction costs of its interconnection with the |
94 | transmission grid. A facility that produces qualified renewable |
95 | resources may elect to sell its electric output to a utility |
96 | outside the service territory of the host utility in which the |
97 | facility is geographically located. Any costs for transmitting |
98 | the output to another utility are to be borne by the facility |
99 | requesting the transmission service. |
100 | (6) RULEMAKING.--The commission may adopt rules to |
101 | administer this section. |
102 | Section 2. Section 366.95, Florida Statutes, is created to |
103 | read: |
104 | 366.95 Minimum renewable energy requirements.-- |
105 | (1) DEFINITIONS.--As used in this section, the term: |
106 | (a) "Biomass" means a power source that is comprised of, |
107 | but not limited to, combustible residues or gases from forest |
108 | products manufacturing, agricultural and orchard crops, waste |
109 | products from livestock and poultry operations and food |
110 | processing, urban wood waste, municipal solid waste, municipal |
111 | liquid waste treatment operations, and landfill gas. |
112 | (b) "New sources of renewable energy" means sources of |
113 | renewable energy constructed or put into production after the |
114 | effective date of this act or new contracts entered into after |
115 | that date for a source of generation in production prior to that |
116 | date. |
117 | (c) "Renewable energy" means energy produced from any |
118 | method or process that uses one or more of the following sources |
119 | of energy: fuel cells, biomass, solar thermal or solar |
120 | photovoltaic energy, municipal solid waste, geothermal energy, |
121 | wind energy, hydroelectric or thermal ocean energy, |
122 | hydroelectric energy, landfill gas, agricultural products and |
123 | byproducts, and waste heat from nonfossil-fueled exothermic |
124 | reactions. |
125 | (d) "Renewable energy credit" means a tradable unit that |
126 | represents the commodity formed by unbundling the environmental |
127 | attributes of a unit of renewable energy from the underlying |
128 | electricity. |
129 | (2) MINIMUM RENEWABLE ENERGY PURCHASE REQUIREMENT.-- |
130 | (a) Beginning in 2006, each public utility must ensure |
131 | that it produces or purchases from new sources of renewable |
132 | energy in Florida an amount of renewable energy that is |
133 | equivalent to at least 0.5 percent of its amount of annual net |
134 | energy for load. Each year thereafter, this required percentage |
135 | amount is to increase by 0.5 percent until a total of 4 percent |
136 | of annual net energy for load is reached. |
137 | (b) A public utility may meet this requirement by: |
138 | 1. Purchasing energy under a renewable generation contract |
139 | pursuant to s. 366.91; |
140 | 2. Purchasing energy from qualified renewable resources in |
141 | a transaction other than a renewable generation contract; |
142 | 3. Purchasing renewable energy credits from utilities that |
143 | have qualified renewable resources in excess of the requirements |
144 | of paragraph (a); |
145 | 4. Using renewable energy through a program approved by |
146 | the commission to produce verifiable or estimated reductions in |
147 | a customer's energy consumption, including net metering |
148 | programs; or |
149 | 5. Contributing to the Florida Alternative Energy |
150 | Technology Center. |
151 | (c) Each public utility must produce or purchase the |
152 | renewable energy credits through the least cost alternative |
153 | available, with costs being prudent and reasonably incurred. |
154 | (3) COST RECOVERY.--Any increased costs to a public |
155 | utility are to be recovered, without differentiation between |
156 | customer classes, through the appropriate cost recovery clause |
157 | mechanism administered by the commission. If at the end of a |
158 | year a utility fails to meet the minimum renewable energy |
159 | requirement, the utility may remedy this shortfall by making a |
160 | contribution to the Florida Alternative Energy Technology Center |
161 | in the amount of the shortfall. The commission shall determine |
162 | the amount of the shortfall and the associated payment by April |
163 | 1 of the following year. |
164 | (4) COMMISSION RULES.--The commission must adopt rules |
165 | governing the creation, valuation, and trading of renewable |
166 | energy credits. These rules must address all means by which a |
167 | public utility may obtain credit. Credits are to be based on |
168 | one-megawatt-hour units. The value of a credit for a |
169 | contribution to the Florida Alternative Energy Technology Center |
170 | must be the amount of the financial incentives determined under |
171 | s. 366.91. If the amount of the financial incentives differs |
172 | among the contracts offered by public utilities, the value of a |
173 | credit must be the average amount of these financial incentives. |
174 | The commission may adopt rules to ensure that the purchase of |
175 | renewable energy credits or certificates by utilities is |
176 | conducted in a fair and impartial manner, consistent with the |
177 | goals set forth in this section. |
178 | (5) PENALTIES.--Upon a finding by the commission that a |
179 | utility has violated this section, the commission may impose the |
180 | penalties provided in s. 366.095. |
181 | Section 3. The Public Service Commission must submit a |
182 | report to the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the |
183 | House of Representatives by October 1, 2009, describing: |
184 | (1) The total amount of new renewable energy that has been |
185 | developed in Florida. |
186 | (2) The amount of this new renewable energy that is under |
187 | a renewable generation contract pursuant to s. 366.91, Florida |
188 | Statutes, and the average price for this new renewable energy. |
189 | (3) The amount of new renewable energy, other than new |
190 | renewable energy provided for in subsection (2), made available |
191 | and the average price. |
192 | (4) The amount of public utility contributions to the |
193 | Florida Alternative Energy Technology Center for which credits |
194 | were obtained. |
195 | (5) An estimate of the economic effect on the state. |
196 | Section 4. Subsection (3) of section 403.7061, Florida |
197 | Statutes, is amended to read: |
198 | 403.7061 Requirements for review of new waste-to-energy |
199 | facility capacity by the Department of Environmental |
200 | Protection.-- |
201 | (3) An applicant must provide reasonable assurance that |
202 | the construction of a new waste-to-energy facility or the |
203 | expansion of an existing waste-to-energy facility will comply |
204 | with the following paragraphs subsections: |
205 | (a) The facility is a necessary part of the local |
206 | government's integrated solid waste management program in the |
207 | jurisdiction where the facility is located and cannot be avoided |
208 | through feasible and practical efforts to use recycling or waste |
209 | reduction. |
210 | (b) The use of capacity at existing waste-to-energy |
211 | facilities within reasonable transportation distance of the |
212 | proposed facility must have been evaluated and found not to be |
213 | economically feasible when compared to the use of the proposed |
214 | facility for the expected life of the proposed facility. This |
215 | paragraph does not apply to: |
216 | 1. Applications to build or expand waste-to-energy |
217 | facilities received by the department before March 1, 1993, or |
218 | amendments to such applications that do not increase combustion |
219 | capacity beyond that requested as of March 1, 1993; or |
220 | 2. Any modification to waste-to-energy facility |
221 | construction or operating permits or certifications or |
222 | conditions thereto, including certifications under ss. 403.501- |
223 | 403.518, that do not increase combustion capacity above that |
224 | amount applied for before March 1, 1993. |
225 | (c) The county in which the facility is located will |
226 | achieve the 30-percent waste reduction goal set forth in s. |
227 | 403.706(4) by the time the facility begins operation. For the |
228 | purposes of this section, the provisions of s. 403.706(4)(c) for |
229 | counties with populations of 75,000 or less do not apply. |
230 | (c)(d) The local government in which the facility is |
231 | located has implemented a mulching, composting, or other waste |
232 | reduction program for yard trash. |
233 | (d)(e) The local governments served by the facility will |
234 | have implemented or participated in a separation program |
235 | designed to remove small-quantity generator and household |
236 | hazardous waste, mercury containing devices, and mercuric-oxide |
237 | batteries from the waste stream prior to incineration, by the |
238 | time the facility begins operation. |
239 | (e)(f) The local government in which the facility is |
240 | located has implemented a program to procure products or |
241 | materials with recycled content, pursuant to s. 403.7065. |
242 | (f)(g) A program will exist in the local government in |
243 | which the facility is located for collecting and recycling |
244 | recovered material from the institutional, commercial, and |
245 | industrial sectors by the time the facility begins operation. |
246 | (g)(h) The facility will be in compliance with applicable |
247 | local ordinances and with the approved state and local |
248 | comprehensive plans required by chapter 163. |
249 | (h)(i) The facility is in substantial compliance with its |
250 | permit, conditions of certification, and any agreements or |
251 | orders resulting from environmental enforcement actions by state |
252 | agencies. |
253 | Section 5. Requirements relating to solid waste disposal |
254 | facility permitting; feasibility study for waste-to-energy |
255 | facilities.-- |
256 | (1) The Legislature finds that it is in the public |
257 | interest to conduct feasibility studies for construction of |
258 | waste-to-energy facilities as an option to building or expanding |
259 | solid waste disposal facilities. Florida currently collects |
260 | about 28 million tons of solid waste per year. By 2018, |
261 | Florida's growing population will produce an estimated 38 |
262 | million tons of solid waste per year. Florida's growing |
263 | population also requires increased electric generation capacity. |
264 | Florida's utilities currently add approximately 1,500 megawatts |
265 | of new capacity each year. These capacity expansions are |
266 | primarily fueled by natural gas, which has shown greater price |
267 | volatility in recent years. |
268 | (2) The Department of Environmental Protection is directed |
269 | to adopt rules determining, based on a threshold of tons of |
270 | solid waste produced, which applicants for a permit to construct |
271 | or expand a solid waste disposal facility should be required to |
272 | perform a feasibility study for construction of a waste-to- |
273 | energy facility instead of or in conjunction with the |
274 | construction or expansion of the solid waste disposal facility. |
275 | When a feasibility study indicates that it is economically |
276 | feasible to construct a waste-to-energy facility as an |
277 | alternative to additional landfill space, the applicant must |
278 | construct and operate such a waste-to-energy facility. |
279 | Section 6. This act shall take effect October 1, 2004. |