1 | A bill to be entitled |
2 | An act relating to lawful ownership, possession, and use |
3 | of firearms and other weapons; amending s. 790.25, F.S.; |
4 | prohibiting specified persons, employers, and business |
5 | entities from establishing, maintaining, or enforcing any |
6 | policy or rule that prohibits a person from parking a |
7 | motor vehicle on property set aside for such purpose when |
8 | a secured firearm or firearms are being lawfully |
9 | transported and stored in the motor vehicle; providing a |
10 | penalty; providing construction; providing for specified |
11 | immunity from liability; providing civil remedies; |
12 | defining "motor vehicle" for purposes of the act; |
13 | providing intent; amending s. 27.53, F.S.; conforming a |
14 | cross-reference; providing an effective date. |
15 |
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16 | Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Florida: |
17 |
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18 | Section 1. Section 790.25, Florida Statutes, is amended to |
19 | read: |
20 | 790.25 Lawful ownership, possession, and use of firearms |
21 | and other weapons.-- |
22 | (1) DECLARATION OF POLICY.--The Legislature finds as a |
23 | matter of public policy and fact that it is necessary to promote |
24 | firearms safety and to curb and prevent the use of firearms and |
25 | other weapons in crime and by incompetent persons without |
26 | prohibiting the lawful use in defense of life, home, and |
27 | property, and the use by United States or state military |
28 | organizations, and as otherwise now authorized by law, including |
29 | the right to use and own firearms for target practice and |
30 | marksmanship on target practice ranges or other lawful places, |
31 | and lawful hunting and other lawful purposes. |
32 | (2) USES NOT AUTHORIZED.-- |
33 | (a) This section does not authorize carrying a concealed |
34 | weapon without a permit, as prohibited by ss. 790.01 and 790.02. |
35 | (b) The protections of this section do not apply to the |
36 | following: |
37 | 1. A person who has been adjudged mentally incompetent, |
38 | who is addicted to the use of narcotics or any similar drug, or |
39 | who is a habitual or chronic alcoholic, or a person using |
40 | weapons or firearms in violation of ss. 790.07-790.12, 790.14- |
41 | 790.19, 790.22-790.24.; |
42 | 2. Vagrants and other undesirable persons as defined in s. |
43 | 856.02.; |
44 | 3. A person in or about a place of nuisance as defined in |
45 | s. 823.05, unless such person is there for law enforcement or |
46 | some other lawful purpose. |
47 | (3) LAWFUL USES.--The provisions of ss. 790.053 and 790.06 |
48 | do not apply in the following instances, and, despite such |
49 | sections, it is lawful for the following persons to own, |
50 | possess, and lawfully use firearms and other weapons, |
51 | ammunition, and supplies for lawful purposes: |
52 | (a) Members of the Militia, National Guard, Florida State |
53 | Defense Force, Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, Coast Guard, |
54 | organized reserves, and other armed forces of the state and of |
55 | the United States, when on duty, when training or preparing |
56 | themselves for military duty, or while subject to recall or |
57 | mobilization.; |
58 | (b) Citizens of this state subject to duty in the Armed |
59 | Forces under s. 2, Art. X of the State Constitution, under |
60 | chapters 250 and 251, and under federal laws, when on duty or |
61 | when training or preparing themselves for military duty.; |
62 | (c) Persons carrying out or training for emergency |
63 | management duties under chapter 252.; |
64 | (d) Sheriffs, marshals, prison or jail wardens, police |
65 | officers, Florida highway patrol officers, game wardens, revenue |
66 | officers, forest officials, special officers appointed under the |
67 | provisions of chapter 354, and other peace and law enforcement |
68 | officers and their deputies and assistants and full-time paid |
69 | peace officers of other states and of the Federal Government who |
70 | are carrying out official duties while in this state.; |
71 | (e) Officers or employees of the state or United States |
72 | duly authorized to carry a concealed weapon.; |
73 | (f) Guards or messengers of common carriers, express |
74 | companies, armored car carriers, mail carriers, banks, and other |
75 | financial institutions, while actually employed in and about the |
76 | shipment, transportation, or delivery of any money, treasure, |
77 | bullion, bonds, or other thing of value within this state.; |
78 | (g) Regularly enrolled members of any organization duly |
79 | authorized to purchase or receive weapons from the United States |
80 | or from this state, or regularly enrolled members of clubs |
81 | organized for target, skeet, or trap shooting, while at or going |
82 | to or from shooting practice; or regularly enrolled members of |
83 | clubs organized for modern or antique firearms collecting, while |
84 | such members are at or going to or from their collectors' gun |
85 | shows, conventions, or exhibits.; |
86 | (h) A person engaged in fishing, camping, or lawful |
87 | hunting or going to or returning from a fishing, camping, or |
88 | lawful hunting expedition.; |
89 | (i) A person engaged in the business of manufacturing, |
90 | repairing, or dealing in firearms, or the agent or |
91 | representative of any such person while engaged in the lawful |
92 | course of such business.; |
93 | (j) A person firing weapons for testing or target practice |
94 | under safe conditions and in a safe place not prohibited by law |
95 | or going to or from such place.; |
96 | (k) A person firing weapons in a safe and secure indoor |
97 | range for testing and target practice.; |
98 | (l) A person traveling by private conveyance when the |
99 | weapon is securely encased or in a public conveyance when the |
100 | weapon is securely encased and not in the person's manual |
101 | possession.; |
102 | (m) A person parking a motor vehicle on any property set |
103 | aside for the parking of a motor vehicle, whether or not such |
104 | property is designated as a parking lot, parking facility, or |
105 | parking space, when a firearm or firearms are being lawfully |
106 | stored and transported in the motor vehicle and the firearm or |
107 | firearms are locked in or locked to the motor vehicle. |
108 | (n)(m) A person while carrying a pistol unloaded and in a |
109 | secure wrapper, concealed or otherwise, from the place of |
110 | purchase to his or her home or place of business or to a place |
111 | of repair or back to his or her home or place of business.; |
112 | (o)(n) A person possessing arms at his or her home or |
113 | place of business.; |
114 | (p)(o) Investigators employed by the several public |
115 | defenders of the state, while actually carrying out official |
116 | duties, provided such investigators: |
117 | 1. Are employed full time; |
118 | 2. Meet the official training standards for firearms |
119 | established by the Criminal Justice Standards and Training |
120 | Commission as provided in s. 943.12(5) and the requirements of |
121 | ss. 493.6108(1)(a) and 943.13(1)-(4); and |
122 | 3. Are individually designated by an affidavit of consent |
123 | signed by the employing public defender and filed with the clerk |
124 | of the circuit court in the county in which the employing public |
125 | defender resides. |
126 | (q)(p) Investigators employed by the capital collateral |
127 | representative, while actually carrying out official duties, |
128 | provided such investigators: |
129 | 1. Are employed full time; |
130 | 2. Meet the official training standards for firearms as |
131 | established by the Criminal Justice Standards and Training |
132 | Commission as provided in s. 943.12(1) and the requirements of |
133 | ss. 493.6108(1)(a) and 943.13(1)-(4); and |
134 | 3. Are individually designated by an affidavit of consent |
135 | signed by the capital collateral representative and filed with |
136 | the clerk of the circuit court in the county in which the |
137 | investigator is headquartered. |
138 | (4) CONSTRUCTION.--This act shall be liberally construed |
139 | to carry out the declaration of policy herein and in favor of |
140 | the constitutional right to keep and bear arms for lawful |
141 | purposes. This act is supplemental and additional to existing |
142 | rights to bear arms now guaranteed by law and decisions of the |
143 | courts of Florida, and nothing herein shall impair or diminish |
144 | any of such rights. This act shall supersede any law, ordinance, |
145 | or regulation in conflict herewith. |
146 | (5) POSSESSION IN PRIVATE CONVEYANCE.--Notwithstanding |
147 | subsection (2), it is lawful and is not a violation of s. 790.01 |
148 | for a person 18 years of age or older to possess a concealed |
149 | firearm or other weapon for self-defense or other lawful purpose |
150 | within the interior of a private conveyance, without a license, |
151 | if the firearm or other weapon is securely encased or is |
152 | otherwise not readily accessible for immediate use. Nothing |
153 | herein contained prohibits the carrying of a legal firearm other |
154 | than a handgun anywhere in a private conveyance when such |
155 | firearm is being carried for a lawful use. Nothing herein |
156 | contained shall be construed to authorize the carrying of a |
157 | concealed firearm or other weapon on the person. This subsection |
158 | shall be liberally construed in favor of the lawful use, |
159 | ownership, and possession of firearms and other weapons, |
160 | including lawful self-defense as provided in s. 776.012. |
161 | (6) STORAGE AND TRANSPORT OF FIREARMS IN LOCKED VEHICLE IN |
162 | PARKING AREA; PENALTY; IMMUNITY FROM LIABILITY.-- |
163 | (a) No person, property owner, tenant, employer, or |
164 | business entity shall establish, maintain, or enforce any policy |
165 | or rule that prohibits or has the effect of prohibiting any |
166 | person who may lawfully possess, purchase, receive, or transfer |
167 | firearms from parking a motor vehicle on any property set aside |
168 | for the parking of a motor vehicle, whether or not such property |
169 | is designated as a parking lot, parking facility, or parking |
170 | space, when the person is lawfully transporting and storing a |
171 | firearm or firearms in the motor vehicle and the firearm or |
172 | firearms are locked in or locked to the motor vehicle. Any |
173 | person, property owner, tenant, employer, or owner of a business |
174 | entity who violates this paragraph commits a felony of the third |
175 | degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, and s. |
176 | 775.084. This subsection shall be liberally construed in favor |
177 | of the lawful use, ownership, and possession of firearms and |
178 | other weapons, including lawful self-defense as provided in s. |
179 | 776.012. |
180 | (b) No person, property owner, tenant, employer, or |
181 | business entity shall be liable in any civil action for any |
182 | occurrence which results from, is connected with, or is |
183 | incidental to the use of a firearm which is being lawfully |
184 | transported and stored in a locked motor vehicle on any property |
185 | set aside for the parking of motor vehicles as provided in |
186 | paragraph (a), unless the person, property owner, tenant, |
187 | employer, or owner of the business entity commits a criminal act |
188 | involving the use of such firearm. |
189 | (c)1. A person who is injured, physically or otherwise, as |
190 | a result of any policy or rule prohibited by paragraph (a) may |
191 | bring a civil action in the appropriate court against any |
192 | person, property owner, tenant, employer, or business entity |
193 | violating the provisions of paragraph (a), including an action |
194 | to enforce this subsection. If a plaintiff prevails in a civil |
195 | action related to a policy or rule prohibited by this act, the |
196 | court shall award actual damages, enjoin further violations of |
197 | this act, and award court costs and attorney's fees to the |
198 | prevailing plaintiff. |
199 | 2. An employee discharged by an employer or business |
200 | entity for violation of a policy or rule prohibited under |
201 | paragraph (a), when such employee was lawfully transporting or |
202 | storing a firearm in a locked motor vehicle on property set |
203 | aside by the employer or business entity for the parking of |
204 | motor vehicles as provided in paragraph (a), is entitled to full |
205 | recovery as specified in sub-subparagraphs a.-d. In the event |
206 | the demand for such recovery is denied, the employee may bring a |
207 | civil action in the courts of this state against the employer |
208 | and is entitled to: |
209 | a. Reinstatement to the same position held at the time of |
210 | his or her termination from employment, or to an equivalent |
211 | position. |
212 | b. Reinstatement of the employee's full fringe benefits |
213 | and seniority rights, as appropriate. |
214 | c. Compensation, if appropriate, for lost wages, benefits, |
215 | or other lost remuneration caused by the termination. |
216 | d. Payment of reasonable attorney's fees and costs |
217 | incurred. |
218 | (d) As used in this section, "motor vehicle" means any |
219 | automobile, truck, minivan, sports utility vehicle, motorcycle, |
220 | motor scooter, or any other vehicle required to be registered |
221 | under Florida law. |
222 | (e) It is the intent of this subsection to reinforce and |
223 | protect the right of each law-abiding citizen to enter and exit |
224 | any parking lot, parking facility, or space used for the parking |
225 | of motor vehicles while such person is lawfully transporting and |
226 | storing a firearm or firearms in the motor vehicle and the |
227 | firearm or firearms are locked in or locked to the motor |
228 | vehicle, to avail himself or herself of temporary or long-term |
229 | parking or storage of a motor vehicle, and to prohibit any |
230 | infringement of the right to lawful possession of firearms when |
231 | such firearms are being transported and stored in a vehicle for |
232 | a lawful purpose. |
233 | Section 2. Subsection (1) of section 27.53, Florida |
234 | Statutes, is amended to read: |
235 | 27.53 Appointment of assistants and other staff; method of |
236 | payment.-- |
237 | (1) The public defender of each judicial circuit is |
238 | authorized to employ and establish, in such numbers as |
239 | authorized by the General Appropriations Act, assistant public |
240 | defenders and other staff and personnel pursuant to s. 29.006, |
241 | who shall be paid from funds appropriated for that purpose. |
242 | Notwithstanding the provisions of s. 790.01, s. 790.02, or s. |
243 | 790.25(2)(a), an investigator employed by a public defender, |
244 | while actually carrying out official duties, is authorized to |
245 | carry concealed weapons if the investigator complies with s. |
246 | 790.25(3)(p)(o). However, such investigators are not eligible |
247 | for membership in the Special Risk Class of the Florida |
248 | Retirement System. The public defenders of all judicial circuits |
249 | shall jointly develop a coordinated classification and pay plan |
250 | which shall be submitted on or before January 1 of each year to |
251 | the Justice Administrative Commission, the office of the |
252 | President of the Senate, and the office of the Speaker of the |
253 | House of Representatives. Such plan shall be developed in |
254 | accordance with policies and procedures of the Executive Office |
255 | of the Governor established in s. 216.181. Each assistant public |
256 | defender appointed by a public defender under this section shall |
257 | serve at the pleasure of the public defender. Each investigator |
258 | employed by a public defender shall have full authority to serve |
259 | any witness subpoena or court order issued, by any court or |
260 | judge within the judicial circuit served by such public |
261 | defender, in a criminal case in which such public defender has |
262 | been appointed to represent the accused. |
263 | Section 3. This act shall take effect upon becoming a law. |