Senate Bill sb2448

CODING: Words stricken are deletions; words underlined are additions.
    Florida Senate - 2006                                  SB 2448

    By Senator Campbell





    32-1334-06                                         See HB 1095

  1                      A bill to be entitled

  2         An act relating to ballot pamphlets; providing

  3         a short title; creating s. 101.2601, F.S.;

  4         requiring the Secretary of State to be

  5         responsible for preparing and printing ballot

  6         pamphlets for statewide elections; providing

  7         requirements for the preparation, printing, and

  8         content of ballot pamphlets; requiring the

  9         Division of Legislative Information Services to

10         prepare specified information for ballot

11         pamphlets; creating s. 101.2602, F.S.;

12         providing ballot pamphlet format requirements;

13         creating s. 101.2603, F.S.; requiring the

14         division to prepare analyses of proposed

15         legislation to be included in ballot pamphlets;

16         providing for the content and format of the

17         analyses; authorizing the division to seek

18         assistance from specified entities; requiring

19         approval of analyses by a committee; providing

20         for committee membership, duties, and

21         reimbursement; creating s. 101.2604, F.S.;

22         requiring each supervisor of elections to

23         provide notice to voters of ballot pamphlet

24         availability; providing for contents of the

25         notice; creating s. 101.2605, F.S.; authorizing

26         candidates for nonpartisan elective office in

27         any local election to prepare a candidate

28         statement; providing for the content of

29         candidate statements; providing requirements

30         for filing, withdrawing, and changing candidate

31         statements; creating s. 101.2606, F.S.;

                                  1

CODING: Words stricken are deletions; words underlined are additions.






    Florida Senate - 2006                                  SB 2448
    32-1334-06                                         See HB 1095




 1         requiring each supervisor of elections to

 2         include candidate statements as a supplement to

 3         ballot pamphlets; providing requirements for

 4         Spanish and Creole translations of candidate

 5         statements; authorizing the supervisor of

 6         elections to require printing, handling, and

 7         translating costs from candidates; providing

 8         for liability for false, slanderous, or

 9         libelous candidate statements; requiring each

10         supervisor of elections to notify candidates by

11         a certain date of candidate statement charges;

12         providing for content of judicial candidate

13         statements; creating s. 101.2607, F.S.;

14         providing for the inability of a candidate to

15         pay a candidate statement fee; providing for

16         the content and submittal of a statement of

17         financial worth to the supervisor of elections

18         by an indigent candidate; providing

19         requirements for the supervisor of election's

20         determination of candidate indigence; creating

21         s. 101.2608, F.S.; providing for the format of

22         candidate statements; creating s. 101.2609,

23         F.S.; providing for the public examination of

24         candidate statements; authorizing a fee for

25         copies; providing for a writ of mandamus or an

26         injunction upon the showing of certain

27         evidence; providing for the parties in a writ

28         of mandamus or injunction proceeding; creating

29         s. 101.2610, F.S.; providing for a voter's writ

30         of mandamus regarding ballot pamphlets upon the

31         showing of certain evidence; providing for

                                  2

CODING: Words stricken are deletions; words underlined are additions.






    Florida Senate - 2006                                  SB 2448
    32-1334-06                                         See HB 1095




 1         priority and venue of writ of mandamus

 2         proceedings; creating s. 101.2611, F.S.;

 3         providing requirements for each supervisor of

 4         elections to mail ballot pamphlets and

 5         candidate statements to voters; requiring the

 6         Secretary of State to deliver ballot pamphlets

 7         to each supervisor of elections; requiring the

 8         Secretary of State to reimburse each supervisor

 9         of elections for mailing costs; providing an

10         effective date.

11  

12  Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Florida:

13  

14         Section 1.  This act may be cited as the "Florida

15  Ballot Pamphlet Act."

16         Section 2.  Section 101.2601, Florida Statutes, is

17  created to read:

18         101.2601  Ballot pamphlet preparation, printing,

19  contents, content placement.--

20         (1)(a)  For all statewide elections, the Secretary of

21  State is responsible for coordinating the preparation and

22  printing of as many ballot pamphlets as are needed to comply

23  with ss. 101.2604 and 101.2611. The ballot pamphlets shall be

24  printed in the Print and Duplicating Shop of the Department of

25  State unless the Director of Administrative Services

26  determines that the printing of the pamphlets in the Print and

27  Duplicating Shop of the Department of State cannot be done

28  adequately, competently, or satisfactorily, in which case the

29  Secretary of State, subject to the approval of the Director of

30  Administrative Services, shall contract with a private

31  printing concern for the printing of all or a portion of the

                                  3

CODING: Words stricken are deletions; words underlined are additions.






    Florida Senate - 2006                                  SB 2448
    32-1334-06                                         See HB 1095




 1  ballot pamphlets. Copy content for preparation of the ballot

 2  pamphlets shall be furnished to the Print and Duplicating Shop

 3  of the Department of State at least 40 days prior to the date

 4  of required delivery to the elections officials as provided

 5  herein.

 6         (b)  The Secretary of State shall deliver printed

 7  ballots to each supervisor of elections as required under s.

 8  101.2611.

 9         (c)  For all statewide elections, supervisors of

10  elections are responsible for mailing ballot pamphlets to

11  registered voters as required under s. 101.2611.

12         (2)  The Secretary of State shall disseminate the

13  complete ballot pamphlet over the Internet.

14         (3)  The ballot pamphlet shall contain the following:

15         (a)  Tables of contents, indexes, artwork, graphics,

16  and other materials that the Secretary of State determines

17  will make the ballot pamphlet more useful to or easier to

18  understand for the average voter.

19         (b)  A notice, conspicuously printed on the cover of

20  the ballot pamphlet, indicating that additional copies of the

21  ballot pamphlet will be mailed by the supervisor of elections

22  upon request.

23         (c)  The Voter's Bill of Rights and Responsibilities.

24         (d)1.  Information on each proposed constitutional

25  amendment or other public measure in the following order:

26         a.  Identification of the measure by number, section,

27  and title.

28         b.  A summary statement for each proposed

29  constitutional amendment or other public measure.

30         (I)  A summary statement shall provide a concise

31  summary of the general meaning and effect of "yes" and "no"

                                  4

CODING: Words stricken are deletions; words underlined are additions.






    Florida Senate - 2006                                  SB 2448
    32-1334-06                                         See HB 1095




 1  votes on each proposed constitutional amendment or other

 2  public measure.

 3         (II)  The summary statements required by this section

 4  shall be prepared by the Division of Legislative Information

 5  Services in the Office of Legislative Services. These

 6  statements are not intended to provide comprehensive

 7  information on each measure. The Division of Legislative

 8  Information Services shall be solely responsible for

 9  determining the contents of the statements. The statements

10  shall be available for public examination and amendment as

11  provided in this section.

12         (III)  The Division of Legislative Information Services

13  shall submit a summary statement for each proposed

14  constitutional amendment or other public measure to the

15  Attorney General for approval.

16         c.  The total number of votes cast for and against each

17  measure in both the Senate and House of Representatives for

18  proposed constitutional amendments or other public measures

19  passed by the Legislature.

20         d.  An analysis of each proposed constitutional

21  amendment or other public measure prepared by the Division of

22  Legislative Information Services under s. 101.2603.

23         e.  Arguments, if any, for or against each measure.

24         (I)  A rebuttal, if any, shall be placed immediately

25  below each argument.

26         (II)  The following statement shall be printed at the

27  bottom of each page where arguments appear: "Arguments printed

28  on this page are the opinions of the authors and have not been

29  checked for accuracy by any state agency."

30         (III)  The Secretary of State shall be responsible for

31  regulating the submission and content of arguments, subject to

                                  5

CODING: Words stricken are deletions; words underlined are additions.






    Florida Senate - 2006                                  SB 2448
    32-1334-06                                         See HB 1095




 1  the requirements of this sub-subparagraph. Written arguments

 2  containing no more than 100 words may be authored and

 3  submitted to the Secretary of State by any citizen or citizen

 4  organization. Each argument that is published in the ballot

 5  pamphlet shall be followed by the name, address, and telephone

 6  number of the argument's author.

 7         f.  The provisions of the proposed measure and the

 8  existing provisions of law repealed or revised by the measure.

 9  The provisions of the proposed measure differing from the

10  existing provisions of law affected shall be distinguished in

11  print so as to facilitate comparison. Proposed constitutional

12  amendments or other public measures shall be printed in the

13  ballot pamphlet as close as possible to the manner and form in

14  which they appear on the ballot.

15         2.  The information required under this paragraph for

16  each proposed constitutional amendment or other public measure

17  shall appear in the ballot pamphlet in the same order in which

18  each proposed constitutional amendment or other public measure

19  appears on the ballot.

20         3.  The information required under this paragraph shall

21  be conspicuously grouped according to each proposed

22  constitutional amendment or other public measure and

23  conspicuously spaced apart from information on other proposed

24  measures.

25         (e)  A statement that the Secretary of State certifies

26  that all the information in the ballot pamphlet is correct.

27         Section 3.  Section 101.2602, Florida Statutes, is

28  created to read:

29         101.2602  Format of ballot pamphlet.--The ballot

30  pamphlet shall be printed according to the following

31  specifications:

                                  6

CODING: Words stricken are deletions; words underlined are additions.






    Florida Senate - 2006                                  SB 2448
    32-1334-06                                         See HB 1095




 1         (1)  The pages shall be no smaller than 8 1/2 inches x

 2  11 inches in size.

 3         (2)  The type shall be clear, readable, and not less

 4  than 10 points in size, except that the text of any proposed

 5  constitutional amendment or other public measure may be

 6  printed in 8-point type.

 7         (3)  The paper shall be of a quality and weight that,

 8  in the judgment of the Secretary of State, best serves the

 9  voters.

10         Section 4.  Section 101.2603, Florida Statutes, is

11  created to read:

12         101.2603  Analysis of proposed legislation.--The

13  Division of Legislative Information Services shall prepare for

14  the ballot pamphlet an impartial analysis of each proposed

15  constitutional amendment or other public measure that

16  describes the measure and includes an analysis of the

17  measure's fiscal impact that shows the amount of any increase

18  or decrease in revenue or cost to state or local governments.

19  Any estimate of increased cost to local governments shall be

20  printed in boldface type in the ballot pamphlet. The analysis

21  shall be written in clear and concise terms so as to be easily

22  understood by the average voter and shall avoid the use of

23  technical terms wherever possible. The analysis may contain

24  background information, including the effect of the measure on

25  existing law and the effect of enacted legislation that will

26  become effective if the measure is adopted, and shall

27  generally set forth in an impartial manner all information the

28  average voter reasonably needs to adequately understand the

29  measure. The division may contract with professional writers,

30  educational specialists, or other persons for assistance in

31  writing an analysis that fulfills the requirements of this

                                  7

CODING: Words stricken are deletions; words underlined are additions.






    Florida Senate - 2006                                  SB 2448
    32-1334-06                                         See HB 1095




 1  section, including the requirement that the analysis be

 2  written so that it will be easily understood by the average

 3  voter. The division may also request the assistance of any

 4  state department, agency, or official in preparing the

 5  analysis. Prior to submitting the analysis to the Secretary of

 6  State, the division shall submit the analysis to a committee

 7  of five persons appointed by the division for the purpose of

 8  reviewing the analysis to confirm its clarity and ease of

 9  comprehension for the average voter. The committee shall be

10  drawn from the public at large, and one member shall be a

11  specialist in education, one member shall be bilingual in

12  English and Spanish, one member shall be bilingual in English

13  and Creole, and one member shall be a professional writer.

14  Members of the committee shall be reimbursed for reasonable

15  and necessary expenses incurred in performing their duties.

16  Within 5 days after the submission of the analysis to the

17  committee, the committee shall make such recommendations to

18  the division as it deems appropriate to guarantee that the

19  analysis can be easily understood by the average voter. The

20  division shall consider the committee's recommendations and

21  shall incorporate into the analysis changes recommended by the

22  committee that the division deems appropriate. The division is

23  solely responsible for determining the content of the analysis

24  required by this section.

25         Section 5.  Section 101.2604, Florida Statutes, is

26  created to read:

27         101.2604  Notice of ballot pamphlet availability.--Each

28  supervisor of elections shall send each voter notice as to

29  where the voter can obtain a ballot pamphlet prior to the

30  election, a statement indicating that ballot pamphlets will be

31  available at the polling place at the time of the election,

                                  8

CODING: Words stricken are deletions; words underlined are additions.






    Florida Senate - 2006                                  SB 2448
    32-1334-06                                         See HB 1095




 1  the address of the Secretary of State's Internet website and,

 2  if applicable, the address of the county Internet website

 3  where a ballot pamphlet may be viewed.

 4         Section 6.  Section 101.2605, Florida Statutes, is

 5  created to read:

 6         101.2605  Submission of candidate statements for ballot

 7  pamphlet; voluntary candidate statements; nonpartisan elective

 8  offices.--

 9         (1)  Each candidate for nonpartisan elective office in

10  any local election, including any city, county, or district,

11  may prepare a candidate statement on an appropriate form

12  provided by the supervisor of elections. The statement may

13  include the name, age, and occupation of the candidate and a

14  brief description of no more than 200 words of the candidate's

15  education and qualifications. However, the supervisor of

16  elections may authorize an increase in the word limitation for

17  the statement up to 400 words. The statement shall not include

18  the candidate's party affiliation or membership or activity in

19  partisan political organizations.

20         (2)  The statement authorized by this section shall be

21  filed with the supervisor of elections when the candidate's

22  qualification papers are returned for filing.

23         (3)  A candidate statement may be withdrawn by the

24  candidate during the period for filing qualification papers

25  until 5 p.m. of the next working day after the close of the

26  qualifying period.

27         Section 7.  Section 101.2606, Florida Statutes, is

28  created to read:

29         101.2606  Submission of candidate statements for ballot

30  pamphlet; judicial elections.--

31  

                                  9

CODING: Words stricken are deletions; words underlined are additions.






    Florida Senate - 2006                                  SB 2448
    32-1334-06                                         See HB 1095




 1         (1)  The ballot pamphlet that the supervisor of

 2  elections sends to each voter in his or her jurisdiction shall

 3  be accompanied by a supplemental pamphlet that contains any

 4  candidate statement properly prepared and filed under s.

 5  101.2605. Each candidate's statement shall be printed in type

 6  that is uniform in size, darkness, and spacing. The supervisor

 7  of elections shall provide a Spanish or Creole translation to

 8  candidates who request one and shall select a translator from

 9  the list of approved Spanish and Creole translators and

10  interpreters of the circuit court of the county.

11         (2)  The supervisor of elections may estimate the total

12  cost of printing, handling, and translating the candidate

13  statements filed pursuant to this section, including costs

14  incurred as a result of complying with the Voting Rights Act

15  of 1965, as amended. The supervisor of elections may require

16  each candidate filing a statement to pay, in advance, to the

17  supervisor of elections his or her estimated pro rata share of

18  the costs as a condition of having his or her statement

19  included in the ballot pamphlet. If an estimated payment is

20  required, the receipt for the payment shall include a written

21  notice that the estimate is an approximation of the actual

22  cost that may vary from one election to another and may be

23  significantly more or less than the estimate, depending on the

24  actual number of candidates filing statements. Accordingly,

25  the supervisor of elections is not bound by the estimate and

26  may, on a pro rata basis, bill the candidate for additional

27  actual expenses or refund any excess paid depending on the

28  final actual cost. In the event of underpayment, the

29  supervisor of elections may require the candidate to pay the

30  balance of the cost incurred. In the event of overpayment, the

31  supervisor of elections shall prorate the excess amount among

                                  10

CODING: Words stricken are deletions; words underlined are additions.






    Florida Senate - 2006                                  SB 2448
    32-1334-06                                         See HB 1095




 1  the candidates and refund the excess amount paid within 30

 2  days following the election date.

 3         (3)  Nothing in this section shall be deemed to make

 4  the authors of candidate statements free or exempt from any

 5  civil or criminal action or penalty because of any false,

 6  slanderous, or libelous statements contained in the filed

 7  candidate statements.

 8         (4)  Before the qualifying period opens, the supervisor

 9  of elections shall determine whether a charge shall be levied

10  against a candidate for filing a candidate statement. This

11  decision shall not be revoked or modified after the 7th day

12  prior to the opening of the qualifying period. A written

13  statement of regulations relating to charges for handling,

14  packaging, and mailing shall be provided to each candidate or

15  his or her representative at the time he or she receives the

16  qualifying papers.

17         (5)  Any candidate statement submitted by a candidate

18  for judicial office shall be limited to a recitation of the

19  candidate's own personal background and qualifications and

20  shall not in any way make reference to other candidates for

21  judicial office or to another candidate's qualifications,

22  character, or activities. The supervisor of elections shall

23  not cause to be printed or mailed any statement that the

24  supervisor of elections determines does not comply with the

25  provisions of this subsection.

26         Section 8.  Section 101.2607, Florida Statutes, is

27  created to read:

28         101.2607  Inability of candidates to pay fee.--

29         (1)  Notwithstanding s. 101.2606, if a candidate claims

30  to be indigent and unable to pay, in advance, the requisite

31  fee for submitting a candidate statement, the candidate shall

                                  11

CODING: Words stricken are deletions; words underlined are additions.






    Florida Senate - 2006                                  SB 2448
    32-1334-06                                         See HB 1095




 1  submit to the supervisor of elections a statement of financial

 2  worth to be used in determining whether he or she is eligible

 3  to submit a candidate statement without advance payment of the

 4  fee.

 5         (2)  The statement of financial worth required by this

 6  section shall be submitted by the candidate together with his

 7  or her candidate statement in accordance with the deadline

 8  specified in s. 101.2606. The statement of financial worth

 9  form shall be furnished by the supervisor of elections and may

10  include questions relating to the candidate's employer,

11  income, real estate holdings, tangible personal property, and

12  financial obligations. The candidate shall certify the truth

13  and correctness of the content of the statement under penalty

14  of perjury. The candidate shall also sign a release form

15  authorizing disclosure of his or her most recent federal

16  income tax return.

17         (3)  Upon receipt of a statement of financial worth,

18  the supervisor of elections shall determine whether the

19  candidate is indigent and shall notify the candidate of his or

20  her findings.

21         (4)  If it is determined that the candidate is not

22  indigent, the candidate shall, within 3 days after the

23  notification, excluding Saturdays, Sundays, and state

24  holidays, withdraw the statement or pay the requisite fee. If

25  the candidate fails to respond within the time prescribed, the

26  supervisor of elections shall not be obligated to print and

27  mail the statement.

28         (5)  If the supervisor of elections determines that the

29  candidate is indigent, the statement shall printed and mailed

30  at no cost to the candidate.

31  

                                  12

CODING: Words stricken are deletions; words underlined are additions.






    Florida Senate - 2006                                  SB 2448
    32-1334-06                                         See HB 1095




 1         (6)  Nothing in this section shall prohibit the

 2  supervisor of elections from billing a nonindigent candidate

 3  for his or her actual pro rata share of the cost of the

 4  statement after the election.

 5         Section 9.  Section 101.2608, Florida Statutes, is

 6  created to read:

 7         101.2608  Candidate statement pamphlet format;

 8  caveat.--Each supplemental candidate statement pamphlet

 9  prepared pursuant to s. 101.2606 shall contain a statement in

10  the heading of the first page, in at least 10-point bold

11  gothic type, that:

12         (1)  If any candidate is not listed in the candidate

13  statement pamphlet, the pamphlet does not contain a complete

14  list of candidates and that a complete list of candidates

15  appears on the sample ballot.

16         (2)  Each candidate statement in the pamphlet is

17  volunteered by the candidate and whether the candidate

18  statement is printed at the candidate's expense.

19         Section 10.  Section 101.2609, Florida Statutes, is

20  created to read:

21         101.2609  Public examination of candidate statements;

22  right to seek writ of mandamus.--

23         (1)  The supervisor of elections shall make a copy of

24  candidate statements available for public examination in the

25  supervisor of elections' office for a period of 10 calendar

26  days immediately following the filing deadline for submission

27  of candidate statements. Any person may obtain a copy of the

28  candidate statements from the supervisor of elections for use

29  outside of the supervisor of elections' office. The supervisor

30  of elections may charge a fee to any person obtaining a copy

31  of the candidate statements; however, the fee may not exceed

                                  13

CODING: Words stricken are deletions; words underlined are additions.






    Florida Senate - 2006                                  SB 2448
    32-1334-06                                         See HB 1095




 1  the actual cost incurred by the supervisor of elections in

 2  providing the copy.

 3         (2)  During the 10-day public examination period

 4  provided by this section, the supervisor of elections or any

 5  voter registered in the jurisdiction in which the election is

 6  being held may seek a writ of mandamus or an injunction

 7  requiring any or all of the material in the candidate

 8  statements to be amended or deleted. The action for writ of

 9  mandamus or injunction shall be filed no later than the end of

10  the 10-day public examination period.

11         (3)  A peremptory writ of mandamus or an injunction

12  shall be issued only upon clear and convincing evidence that

13  the material in question is false, misleading, or inconsistent

14  with the requirements of s. 101.2605 and that issuance of the

15  writ or injunction shall not substantially interfere with the

16  printing or distribution of official elections materials as

17  provided by law.

18         (4)  The supervisor of elections shall be named as

19  respondent, and the candidate who authored the material in

20  question shall be named as the real party in interest. In the

21  case of the supervisor of elections bringing the mandamus or

22  injunctive action pursuant to this section, the board of

23  county commissioners shall be named as the respondent, and the

24  candidate who authored the material in question shall be named

25  as the real party in interest.

26         Section 11.  Section 101.2610, Florida Statutes, is

27  created to read:

28         101.2610  Voter's writ of mandamus; error in voting

29  material.--

30         (1)  Any voter may seek a writ of mandamus alleging

31  that an error or omission has occurred or is about to occur in

                                  14

CODING: Words stricken are deletions; words underlined are additions.






    Florida Senate - 2006                                  SB 2448
    32-1334-06                                         See HB 1095




 1  the placing of any name on a ballot, sample ballot, ballot

 2  pamphlet, or other official matter or in the printing of a

 3  ballot, sample ballot, ballot pamphlet, or other official

 4  matter or that any neglect of duty relating to the placing of

 5  any name on a ballot, sample ballot, ballot pamphlet, or other

 6  official matter or in the printing of a ballot, sample ballot,

 7  ballot pamphlet, or other official matter has occurred or is

 8  about to occur.

 9         (2)  A peremptory writ of mandamus shall be issued only

10  upon evidence of the following:

11         (a)  The error, omission, or neglect is in violation of

12  ss. 101.2601-101.2611 or the State Constitution.

13         (b)  The issuance of the writ will not substantially

14  interfere with the conduct of the election.

15         (3)  The action or appeal shall have priority over all

16  other civil matters.

17         (4)  Venue for a proceeding under this section shall be

18  exclusively in Leon County in any of the following instances:

19         (a)  The Secretary of State is named as a real party in

20  interest or as a respondent.

21         (b)  A candidate for statewide elective office is named

22  as a party.

23         (c)  A statewide measure that is to be placed on the

24  ballot is the subject of the proceeding.

25         Section 12.  Section 101.2611, Florida Statutes, is

26  created to read:

27         101.2611  Mailing of ballot pamphlets.--

28         (1)  The Secretary of State shall deliver printed

29  ballot pamphlets to each supervisor of elections in adequate

30  time for each supervisor of elections to mail the ballot

31  pamphlets to voters before the election at which measures

                                  15

CODING: Words stricken are deletions; words underlined are additions.






    Florida Senate - 2006                                  SB 2448
    32-1334-06                                         See HB 1095




 1  contained in the ballot pamphlet are to be voted on unless a

 2  voter has registered fewer than 29 days before the election.

 3  The mailing shall commence not fewer than 40 days before the

 4  election and shall be completed no later than 21 days before

 5  the election to voters who registered on or before the 60th

 6  day before the election. The supervisor of elections shall

 7  mail one copy of the ballot pamphlet to each registered voter

 8  at the postal address stated on the voter's registration

 9  record. The supervisor of elections may mail only one ballot

10  pamphlet to two or more registered voters having the same

11  surname and the same postal address.

12         (2)  No later than 10 days before the election, the

13  supervisor of elections shall mail ballot pamphlets to voters

14  registering after the 60th day before the election and before

15  the 28th day before the election.

16         (3)  The supervisor of elections shall mail a ballot

17  pamphlet to any person requesting a ballot pamphlet. Three

18  copies of the ballot pamphlet, to be supplied by the Secretary

19  of State, shall be kept at every polling place for the voters

20  while an election is in progress.

21         (4)  Any costs incurred by a county for mailing the

22  ballot pamphlets shall be reimbursed to the county by the

23  Secretary of State.

24         (5)  If applicable, the supervisor of elections shall

25  include and mail with each ballot pamphlet a supplement

26  containing candidate statements.

27         Section 13.  This act shall take effect July 1, 2006.

28  

29  

30  

31  

                                  16

CODING: Words stricken are deletions; words underlined are additions.