1 | A bill to be entitled |
2 | An act relating to juvenile delinquents; amending s. |
3 | 985.21, F.S.; requiring a juvenile probation officer to |
4 | determine the country of citizenship of each child |
5 | referred to the Department of Juvenile Justice; requiring |
6 | the juvenile probation officer to report the information |
7 | to the department and the United States Bureau of Customs |
8 | and Border Protection; requiring the department to develop |
9 | a centralized, automated database to collect information |
10 | on the country of citizenship for children referred to the |
11 | department; directing the department to make the |
12 | information available to certain federal, state, and local |
13 | agencies; requiring the department to adopt rules; |
14 | amending s. 985.231, F.S.; requiring that a juvenile court |
15 | under specified circumstances notify the United States |
16 | Bureau of Customs and Border Protection of the |
17 | adjudication of a child, order that the child be returned |
18 | to his or her country of origin, and order the department |
19 | to transfer the physical custody of the child to the |
20 | United States Bureau of Customs and Border Protection for |
21 | the appropriate processing to remove the child from this |
22 | country; providing an effective date. |
23 |
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24 | Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Florida: |
25 |
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26 | Section 1. Subsection (1) of section 985.21, Florida |
27 | Statutes, is amended to read: |
28 | 985.21 Intake and case management.-- |
29 | (1)(a) During the intake process, the juvenile probation |
30 | officer shall screen each child or shall cause each child to be |
31 | screened in order to determine: |
32 | 1. Appropriateness for release, referral to a diversionary |
33 | program including, but not limited to, a teen-court program, |
34 | referral for community arbitration, or referral to some other |
35 | program or agency for the purpose of nonofficial or nonjudicial |
36 | handling. |
37 | 2. The presence of medical, psychiatric, psychological, |
38 | substance abuse, educational, or vocational problems, or other |
39 | conditions that may have caused the child to come to the |
40 | attention of law enforcement or the department of Juvenile |
41 | Justice. The child shall also be screened to determine whether |
42 | the child poses a danger to himself or herself or others in the |
43 | community. The results of this screening shall be made available |
44 | to the court and to court officers. In cases where such |
45 | conditions are identified, and a nonjudicial handling of the |
46 | case is chosen, the juvenile probation officer shall attempt to |
47 | refer the child to a program or agency, together with all |
48 | available and relevant assessment information concerning the |
49 | child's precipitating condition. |
50 | 3.a. Whether the child is, or is suspected of being, in |
51 | the United States illegally. If the child is found to be, or is |
52 | suspected of being, in the United States illegally, |
53 | notwithstanding any other law, the juvenile probation officer |
54 | shall report to the department and the United States Bureau of |
55 | Customs and Border Protection that the child is a juvenile who |
56 | is the subject of a petition alleging that he or she committed |
57 | an act that would be a crime if committed by an adult. The |
58 | report must include the nature of the offense the child is |
59 | alleged to have committed. |
60 | b. The department shall develop a centralized, automated |
61 | intake and screening database to collect information concerning |
62 | the country of citizenship for children referred to the |
63 | department in order to facilitate the exchange of information |
64 | pursuant to the intent and purpose of this chapter. The |
65 | department shall establish methods and parameters by which |
66 | citizenship information and data are collected from the United |
67 | States Bureau of Customs and Border Protection, the Department |
68 | of Law Enforcement, law enforcement agencies in this state, and |
69 | the state court system. Information developed in or through the |
70 | use of the database shall be made available to federal, state, |
71 | and local law enforcement agencies and prosecutors and courts in |
72 | a manner defined by the department and as allowed by state or |
73 | federal law or rule. The department shall adopt rules to |
74 | administer the provisions of this sub-subparagraph. |
75 | (b)3. The department of Juvenile Justice shall develop an |
76 | intake and a case management system whereby a child brought into |
77 | intake is assigned a juvenile probation officer if the child was |
78 | not released, referred to a diversionary program, referred for |
79 | community arbitration, or referred to some other program or |
80 | agency for the purpose of nonofficial or nonjudicial handling, |
81 | and shall make every reasonable effort to provide case |
82 | management services for the child; provided, however, that case |
83 | management for children committed to residential programs may be |
84 | transferred as provided in s. 985.316. |
85 | (c)4. In addition to duties specified in other sections |
86 | and through departmental rules, the assigned juvenile probation |
87 | officer shall be responsible for the following: |
88 | 1.a. Ensuring that a risk assessment instrument |
89 | establishing the child's eligibility for detention has been |
90 | accurately completed and that the appropriate recommendation was |
91 | made to the court. |
92 | 2.b. Inquiring as to whether the child understands his or |
93 | her rights to counsel and against self-incrimination. |
94 | 3.c. Performing the preliminary screening and making |
95 | referrals for comprehensive assessment regarding the child's |
96 | need for substance abuse treatment services, mental health |
97 | services, retardation services, literacy services, or other |
98 | educational or treatment services. |
99 | 4.d. Coordinating the multidisciplinary assessment when |
100 | required, which includes the classification and placement |
101 | process that determines the child's priority needs, risk |
102 | classification, and treatment plan. When sufficient evidence |
103 | exists to warrant a comprehensive assessment and the child fails |
104 | to voluntarily participate in the assessment efforts, it is the |
105 | responsibility of the juvenile probation officer to inform the |
106 | court of the need for the assessment and the refusal of the |
107 | child to participate in such assessment. This assessment, |
108 | classification, and placement process shall develop into the |
109 | predisposition report. |
110 | 5.e. Making recommendations for services and facilitating |
111 | the delivery of those services to the child, including any |
112 | mental health services, educational services, family counseling |
113 | services, family assistance services, and substance abuse |
114 | services. The juvenile probation officer shall serve as the |
115 | primary case manager for the purpose of managing, coordinating, |
116 | and monitoring the services provided to the child. Each program |
117 | administrator within the Department of Children and Family |
118 | Services shall cooperate with the primary case manager in |
119 | carrying out the duties and responsibilities described in this |
120 | section. |
121 |
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122 | The department of Juvenile Justice shall annually advise the |
123 | Legislature and the Executive Office of the Governor of the |
124 | resources needed in order for the intake and case management |
125 | system to maintain a staff-to-client ratio that is consistent |
126 | with accepted standards and allows the necessary supervision and |
127 | services for each child. The intake process and case management |
128 | system shall provide a comprehensive approach to assessing the |
129 | child's needs, relative risks, and most appropriate handling, |
130 | and shall be based on an individualized treatment plan. |
131 | (d)(b) The intake and case management system shall |
132 | facilitate consistency in the recommended placement of each |
133 | child, and in the assessment, classification, and placement |
134 | process, with the following purposes: |
135 | 1. An individualized, multidisciplinary assessment process |
136 | that identifies the priority needs of each individual child for |
137 | rehabilitation and treatment and identifies any needs of the |
138 | child's parents or guardians for services that would enhance |
139 | their ability to provide adequate support, guidance, and |
140 | supervision for the child. This process shall begin with the |
141 | detention risk assessment instrument and decision, shall include |
142 | the intake preliminary screening and comprehensive assessment |
143 | for substance abuse treatment services, mental health services, |
144 | retardation services, literacy services, and other educational |
145 | and treatment services as components, additional assessment of |
146 | the child's treatment needs, and classification regarding the |
147 | child's risks to the community and, for a serious or habitual |
148 | delinquent child, shall include the assessment for placement in |
149 | a serious or habitual delinquent children program pursuant to s. |
150 | 985.31. The completed multidisciplinary assessment process shall |
151 | result in the predisposition report. |
152 | 2. A classification system that assigns a relative risk to |
153 | the child and the community based upon assessments including the |
154 | detention risk assessment results when available to classify the |
155 | child's risk as it relates to placement and supervision |
156 | alternatives. |
157 | 3. An admissions process that facilitates for each child |
158 | the utilization of the treatment plan and setting most |
159 | appropriate to meet the child's programmatic needs and provide |
160 | the minimum program security needed to ensure public safety. |
161 | Section 2. Paragraph (a) of subsection (1) of section |
162 | 985.231, Florida Statutes, is amended to read: |
163 | 985.231 Powers of disposition in delinquency cases.-- |
164 | (1)(a) The court that has jurisdiction of an adjudicated |
165 | delinquent child may, by an order stating the facts upon which a |
166 | determination of a sanction and rehabilitative program was made |
167 | at the disposition hearing: |
168 | 1. Place the child in a probation program or a |
169 | postcommitment probation program under the supervision of an |
170 | authorized agent of the department or of any other person or |
171 | agency specifically authorized and appointed by the court, |
172 | whether in the child's own home, in the home of a relative of |
173 | the child, or in some other suitable place under such reasonable |
174 | conditions as the court may direct. A probation program for an |
175 | adjudicated delinquent child must include a penalty component |
176 | such as restitution in money or in kind, community service, a |
177 | curfew, revocation or suspension of the driver's license of the |
178 | child, or other nonresidential punishment appropriate to the |
179 | offense and must also include a rehabilitative program component |
180 | such as a requirement of participation in substance abuse |
181 | treatment or in school or other educational program. If the |
182 | child is attending or is eligible to attend public school and |
183 | the court finds that the victim or a sibling of the victim in |
184 | the case is attending or may attend the same school as the |
185 | child, the court placement order shall include a finding |
186 | pursuant to the proceedings described in s. 985.23(1)(d). Upon |
187 | the recommendation of the department at the time of disposition, |
188 | or subsequent to disposition pursuant to the filing of a |
189 | petition alleging a violation of the child's conditions of |
190 | postcommitment probation, the court may order the child to |
191 | submit to random testing for the purpose of detecting and |
192 | monitoring the use of alcohol or controlled substances. |
193 | a. A classification scale for levels of supervision shall |
194 | be provided by the department, taking into account the child's |
195 | needs and risks relative to probation supervision requirements |
196 | to reasonably ensure the public safety. Probation programs for |
197 | children shall be supervised by the department or by any other |
198 | person or agency specifically authorized by the court. These |
199 | programs must include, but are not limited to, structured or |
200 | restricted activities as described in this subparagraph, and |
201 | shall be designed to encourage the child toward acceptable and |
202 | functional social behavior. If supervision or a program of |
203 | community service is ordered by the court, the duration of such |
204 | supervision or program must be consistent with any treatment and |
205 | rehabilitation needs identified for the child and may not exceed |
206 | the term for which sentence could be imposed if the child were |
207 | committed for the offense, except that the duration of such |
208 | supervision or program for an offense that is a misdemeanor of |
209 | the second degree, or is equivalent to a misdemeanor of the |
210 | second degree, may be for a period not to exceed 6 months. When |
211 | restitution is ordered by the court, the amount of restitution |
212 | may not exceed an amount the child and the parent or guardian |
213 | could reasonably be expected to pay or make. A child who |
214 | participates in any work program under this part is considered |
215 | an employee of the state for purposes of liability, unless |
216 | otherwise provided by law. |
217 | b. The court may conduct judicial review hearings for a |
218 | child placed on probation for the purpose of fostering |
219 | accountability to the judge and compliance with other |
220 | requirements, such as restitution and community service. The |
221 | court may allow early termination of probation for a child who |
222 | has substantially complied with the terms and conditions of |
223 | probation. |
224 | c. If the conditions of the probation program or the |
225 | postcommitment probation program are violated, the department or |
226 | the state attorney may bring the child before the court on a |
227 | petition alleging a violation of the program. Any child who |
228 | violates the conditions of probation or postcommitment probation |
229 | must be brought before the court if sanctions are sought. A |
230 | child taken into custody under s. 985.207 for violating the |
231 | conditions of probation or postcommitment probation shall be |
232 | held in a consequence unit if such a unit is available. The |
233 | child shall be afforded a hearing within 24 hours after being |
234 | taken into custody to determine the existence of probable cause |
235 | that the child violated the conditions of probation or |
236 | postcommitment probation. A consequence unit is a secure |
237 | facility specifically designated by the department for children |
238 | who are taken into custody under s. 985.207 for violating |
239 | probation or postcommitment probation, or who have been found by |
240 | the court to have violated the conditions of probation or |
241 | postcommitment probation. If the violation involves a new charge |
242 | of delinquency, the child may be detained under s. 985.215 in a |
243 | facility other than a consequence unit. If the child is not |
244 | eligible for detention for the new charge of delinquency, the |
245 | child may be held in the consequence unit pending a hearing and |
246 | is subject to the time limitations specified in s. 985.215. If |
247 | the child denies violating the conditions of probation or |
248 | postcommitment probation, the court shall appoint counsel to |
249 | represent the child at the child's request. Upon the child's |
250 | admission, or if the court finds after a hearing that the child |
251 | has violated the conditions of probation or postcommitment |
252 | probation, the court shall enter an order revoking, modifying, |
253 | or continuing probation or postcommitment probation. In each |
254 | such case, the court shall enter a new disposition order and, in |
255 | addition to the sanctions set forth in this paragraph, may |
256 | impose any sanction the court could have imposed at the original |
257 | disposition hearing. If the child is found to have violated the |
258 | conditions of probation or postcommitment probation, the court |
259 | may: |
260 | (I) Place the child in a consequence unit in that judicial |
261 | circuit, if available, for up to 5 days for a first violation, |
262 | and up to 15 days for a second or subsequent violation. |
263 | (II) Place the child on home detention with electronic |
264 | monitoring. However, this sanction may be used only if a |
265 | residential consequence unit is not available. |
266 | (III) Modify or continue the child's probation program or |
267 | postcommitment probation program. |
268 | (IV) Revoke probation or postcommitment probation and |
269 | commit the child to the department. |
270 | d. Notwithstanding s. 743.07 and paragraph (d), and except |
271 | as provided in s. 985.31, the term of any order placing a child |
272 | in a probation program must be until the child's 19th birthday |
273 | unless he or she is released by the court, on the motion of an |
274 | interested party or on its own motion. |
275 | 2. Commit the child to a licensed child-caring agency |
276 | willing to receive the child, but the court may not commit the |
277 | child to a jail or to a facility used primarily as a detention |
278 | center or facility or shelter. |
279 | 3. Commit the child to the department at a restrictiveness |
280 | level defined in s. 985.03. Such commitment must be for the |
281 | purpose of exercising active control over the child, including, |
282 | but not limited to, custody, care, training, urine monitoring, |
283 | and treatment of the child and release of the child from |
284 | residential commitment into the community in a postcommitment |
285 | nonresidential conditional release program. If the child is |
286 | eligible to attend public school following commitment and the |
287 | court finds that the victim or a sibling of the victim in the |
288 | case is or may be attending the same school as the child, the |
289 | commitment order shall include a finding pursuant to the |
290 | proceedings described in s. 985.23(1)(d). If the child is not |
291 | successful in the conditional release program, the department |
292 | may use the transfer procedure under s. 985.404. Notwithstanding |
293 | s. 743.07 and paragraph (d), and except as provided in s. |
294 | 985.31, the term of the commitment must be until the child is |
295 | discharged by the department or until he or she reaches the age |
296 | of 21. |
297 | 4. Revoke or suspend the driver's license of the child. |
298 | 5. Require the child and, if the court finds it |
299 | appropriate, the child's parent or guardian together with the |
300 | child, to render community service in a public service program. |
301 | 6. As part of the probation program to be implemented by |
302 | the department, or, in the case of a committed child, as part of |
303 | the community-based sanctions ordered by the court at the |
304 | disposition hearing or before the child's release from |
305 | commitment, order the child to make restitution in money, |
306 | through a promissory note cosigned by the child's parent or |
307 | guardian, or in kind for any damage or loss caused by the |
308 | child's offense in a reasonable amount or manner to be |
309 | determined by the court. The clerk of the circuit court shall be |
310 | the receiving and dispensing agent. In such case, the court |
311 | shall order the child or the child's parent or guardian to pay |
312 | to the office of the clerk of the circuit court an amount not to |
313 | exceed the actual cost incurred by the clerk as a result of |
314 | receiving and dispensing restitution payments. The clerk shall |
315 | notify the court if restitution is not made, and the court shall |
316 | take any further action that is necessary against the child or |
317 | the child's parent or guardian. A finding by the court, after a |
318 | hearing, that the parent or guardian has made diligent and good |
319 | faith efforts to prevent the child from engaging in delinquent |
320 | acts absolves the parent or guardian of liability for |
321 | restitution under this subparagraph. |
322 | 7. Order the child and, if the court finds it appropriate, |
323 | the child's parent or guardian together with the child, to |
324 | participate in a community work project, either as an |
325 | alternative to monetary restitution or as part of the |
326 | rehabilitative or probation program. |
327 | 8. Commit the child to the department for placement in a |
328 | program or facility for serious or habitual juvenile offenders |
329 | in accordance with s. 985.31. Any commitment of a child to a |
330 | program or facility for serious or habitual juvenile offenders |
331 | must be for an indeterminate period of time, but the time may |
332 | not exceed the maximum term of imprisonment that an adult may |
333 | serve for the same offense. The court may retain jurisdiction |
334 | over such child until the child reaches the age of 21, |
335 | specifically for the purpose of the child completing the |
336 | program. |
337 | 9. In addition to the sanctions imposed on the child, |
338 | order the parent or guardian of the child to perform community |
339 | service if the court finds that the parent or guardian did not |
340 | make a diligent and good faith effort to prevent the child from |
341 | engaging in delinquent acts. The court may also order the parent |
342 | or guardian to make restitution in money or in kind for any |
343 | damage or loss caused by the child's offense. The court shall |
344 | determine a reasonable amount or manner of restitution, and |
345 | payment shall be made to the clerk of the circuit court as |
346 | provided in subparagraph 6. |
347 | 10. Subject to specific appropriation, commit the juvenile |
348 | sexual offender to the department for placement in a program or |
349 | facility for juvenile sexual offenders in accordance with s. |
350 | 985.308. Any commitment of a juvenile sexual offender to a |
351 | program or facility for juvenile sexual offenders must be for an |
352 | indeterminate period of time, but the time may not exceed the |
353 | maximum term of imprisonment that an adult may serve for the |
354 | same offense. The court may retain jurisdiction over a juvenile |
355 | sexual offender until the juvenile sexual offender reaches the |
356 | age of 21, specifically for the purpose of completing the |
357 | program. |
358 | 11. If the residence of a child adjudicated delinquent is |
359 | in a foreign country or if the child adjudicated delinquent is a |
360 | citizen of a foreign country and is not in this country in a |
361 | legal status, notify the United States Bureau of Customs and |
362 | Border Protection of the adjudication of the child, order that |
363 | the child be returned to his or her country of origin, and order |
364 | the department to transfer the physical custody of the child to |
365 | the United States Bureau of Customs and Border Protection for |
366 | the appropriate processing to remove the child from this |
367 | country. |
368 | Section 3. This act shall take effect July 1, 2006. |