1 | A bill to be entitled |
2 | An act relating to parental plans and time-sharing with |
3 | children; retitling ch. 61, F.S.; amending s. 61.046, |
4 | F.S.; deleting a definition of "custodial parent" and |
5 | defining the terms "parenting plan," "parenting plan |
6 | recommendation," and "time-sharing schedule"; amending s. |
7 | 61.052, F.S.; authorizing the court to issue an |
8 | appropriate order for a parenting plan; amending s. 61.09, |
9 | F.S.; authorizing the parent who is not receiving child |
10 | support to apply to the court for support of the child; |
11 | amending s. 61.10, F.S.; providing for the court to |
12 | adjudicate parenting plans and the time-sharing schedules |
13 | when unconnected with the dissolution of a marriage; |
14 | amending s. 61.122, F.S.; providing for developing a |
15 | parenting plan recommendation; amending s. 61.13, F.S.; |
16 | authorizing the court to make orders relating to time- |
17 | sharing and parenting of children; requiring equal |
18 | treatment for mothers and fathers in parenting decisions; |
19 | providing for the creation or modification of a parenting |
20 | plan or time-sharing schedule; establishing criteria for |
21 | determining the best interests of a child; providing that |
22 | a parent may not refuse to obey time-sharing orders even |
23 | if the other parent has not paid alimony or child support; |
24 | authorizing a court to order additional time-sharing if |
25 | the custodial parent refuses to abide by the time-sharing |
26 | agreement or order; amending s. 61.13001, F.S.; providing |
27 | for relocation of a child; providing for a relocation |
28 | agreement between the parents; providing procedures for |
29 | relocation when an agreement cannot be reached; amending |
30 | s. 61.181, F.S.; providing for distributing child support |
31 | funds; amending s. 61.1827, F.S., relating to child |
32 | support services; conforming provisions to changes made by |
33 | the act; amending s. 61.20, F.S.; providing for the court |
34 | to order a social service investigation if a parenting |
35 | plan is at issue; amending s. 61.21, F.S.; providing that |
36 | parties to a parenting plan or a time-sharing schedule may |
37 | be required by the court to attend a parenting course; |
38 | amending s. 61.30, F.S.; revising calculations for child |
39 | support awards; amending s. 61.401, F.S.; authorizing the |
40 | court to appoint a guardian ad litem in cases involving a |
41 | parenting plan or a time-sharing schedule; amending s. |
42 | 61.45, F.S.; providing for court orders for parenting |
43 | plans and time-sharing schedules; amending s. 741.0306, |
44 | F.S.; including material on parenting plans and time- |
45 | sharing schedules in the family law handbook prepared by |
46 | The Florida Bar; amending s. 741.30, F.S., relating to |
47 | injunctions against domestic violence; conforming |
48 | provisions to changes made by the act; amending s. |
49 | 742.031, F.S.; providing for parenting plans and time- |
50 | sharing schedules in proceedings to determine paternity; |
51 | reenacting s. 61.1825(3)(a), F.S., relating to the State |
52 | Case Registry, to incorporate the amendments made to s. |
53 | 741.30, F.S., in a reference thereto; repealing s. 61.121, |
54 | F.S., relating to court orders for rotating custody |
55 | between parents if it is in the best interests of the |
56 | child; providing an effective date. |
57 |
|
58 | Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Florida: |
59 |
|
60 | Section 1. Chapter 61, Florida Statutes, entitled |
61 | "DISSOLUTION OF MARRIAGE; SUPPORT; CUSTODY" is retitled as |
62 | "DISSOLUTION OF MARRIAGE; SUPPORT; TIME-SHARING." |
63 | Section 2. Section 61.046, Florida Statutes, is amended to |
64 | read: |
65 | 61.046 Definitions.--As used in this chapter: |
66 | (1) "Business day" means any day other than a Saturday, |
67 | Sunday, or legal holiday. |
68 | (2) "Clerk of Court Child Support Collection System" or |
69 | "CLERC System" means the automated system established pursuant |
70 | to s. 61.181(2)(b)1., integrating all clerks of court and |
71 | depositories and through which payment data and State Case |
72 | Registry data is transmitted to the department's automated child |
73 | support enforcement system. |
74 | (3) "Custodial parent" or "primary residential parent" |
75 | means the parent with whom the child maintains his or her |
76 | primary residence. |
77 | (3)(4) "Department" means the Department of Revenue. |
78 | (4)(5) "Depository" means the central governmental |
79 | depository established pursuant to s. 61.181, created by special |
80 | act of the Legislature or other entity established before June |
81 | 1, 1985, to perform depository functions and to receive, record, |
82 | report, disburse, monitor, and otherwise handle alimony and |
83 | child support payments not otherwise required to be processed by |
84 | the State Disbursement Unit. |
85 | (5)(6) "Federal Case Registry of Child Support Orders" |
86 | means the automated registry of support order abstracts and |
87 | other information established and maintained by the United |
88 | States Department of Health and Human Services as provided by 42 |
89 | U.S.C. s. 653(h). |
90 | (6)(7) "Income" means any form of payment to an |
91 | individual, regardless of source, including, but not limited to: |
92 | wages, salary, commissions and bonuses, compensation as an |
93 | independent contractor, worker's compensation, disability |
94 | benefits, annuity and retirement benefits, pensions, dividends, |
95 | interest, royalties, trusts, and any other payments, made by any |
96 | person, private entity, federal or state government, or any unit |
97 | of local government. United States Department of Veterans |
98 | Affairs disability benefits and unemployment compensation, as |
99 | defined in chapter 443, are excluded from this definition of |
100 | income except for purposes of establishing an amount of support. |
101 | (7)(8) "IV-D" means services provided pursuant to Title |
102 | IV-D of the Social Security Act, 42 U.S.C. ss. 651 et seq. |
103 | (8)(9) "Local officer" means an elected or appointed |
104 | constitutional or charter government official including, but not |
105 | limited to, the state attorney and clerk of the circuit court. |
106 | (9)(10) "National medical support notice" means the notice |
107 | required under 42 U.S.C. s. 666(a)(19). |
108 | (10)(11) "Noncustodial parent" means the parent with whom |
109 | the child does not maintain his or her primary residence. |
110 | (11)(12) "Obligee" means the person to whom payments are |
111 | made pursuant to an order establishing, enforcing, or modifying |
112 | an obligation for alimony, for child support, or for alimony and |
113 | child support. |
114 | (12)(13) "Obligor" means a person responsible for making |
115 | payments pursuant to an order establishing, enforcing, or |
116 | modifying an obligation for alimony, for child support, or for |
117 | alimony and child support. |
118 | (13) "Parenting plan" means an arrangement, taking into |
119 | consideration all circumstances between the parties including |
120 | the parties' historic relationship, domestic violence, and other |
121 | factors, which has been developed by the parents of a minor |
122 | child and approved by a court or, if the parents cannot agree, |
123 | established by the court, which governs the relationship between |
124 | the parents relating to the decisions that must be made |
125 | regarding the minor child. The issues concerning the minor child |
126 | may include, but are not limited to, the child's education, |
127 | health care, and physical, social, and emotional well-being, and |
128 | may also include a time-sharing schedule. |
129 | (14) "Parenting plan recommendation" means a nonbinding |
130 | recommendation, made by a licensed mental health professional or |
131 | any other individual designated by a court, concerning the |
132 | parenting plan that will govern the relationship between the |
133 | parents. |
134 | (15)(14) "Payor" means an employer or former employer or |
135 | any other person or agency providing or administering income to |
136 | the obligor. |
137 | (16)(15) "Shared parental responsibility" means a court- |
138 | ordered relationship in which both parents retain full parental |
139 | rights and responsibilities with respect to their minor child |
140 | and in which both parents confer with each other so that major |
141 | decisions affecting the welfare of the child will be determined |
142 | jointly. |
143 | (17)(16) "Sole parental responsibility" means a court- |
144 | ordered relationship in which one parent makes decisions |
145 | regarding the minor child. |
146 | (18)(17) "State Case Registry" means the automated |
147 | registry maintained by the Title IV-D agency, containing records |
148 | of each Title IV-D case and of each support order established or |
149 | modified in the state on or after October 1, 1998. Such records |
150 | shall consist of data elements as required by the United States |
151 | Secretary of Health and Human Services. |
152 | (19)(18) "State Disbursement Unit" means the unit |
153 | established and operated by the Title IV-D agency to provide one |
154 | central address for collection and disbursement of child support |
155 | payments made in cases enforced by the department pursuant to |
156 | Title IV-D of the Social Security Act and in cases not being |
157 | enforced by the department in which the support order was |
158 | initially issued in this state on or after January 1, 1994, and |
159 | in which the obligor's child support obligation is being paid |
160 | through income deduction order. |
161 | (20)(19) "Support order" means a judgment, decree, or |
162 | order, whether temporary or final, issued by a court of |
163 | competent jurisdiction or administrative agency for the support |
164 | and maintenance of a child which provides for monetary support, |
165 | health care, arrearages, or past support. When the child support |
166 | obligation is being enforced by the Department of Revenue, the |
167 | term "support order" also means a judgment, decree, or order, |
168 | whether temporary or final, issued by a court of competent |
169 | jurisdiction for the support and maintenance of a child and the |
170 | spouse or former spouse of the obligor with whom the child is |
171 | living which provides for monetary support, health care, |
172 | arrearages, or past support. |
173 | (21)(20) "Support," unless otherwise specified, means: |
174 | (a) Child support and, when the child support obligation |
175 | is being enforced by the Department of Revenue, spousal support |
176 | or alimony for the spouse or former spouse of the obligor with |
177 | whom the child is living. |
178 | (b) Child support only in cases not being enforced by the |
179 | Department of Revenue. |
180 | (22) "Time-sharing schedule" means a timetable that has |
181 | been developed by the parents of a minor child, incorporated |
182 | into a parenting plan, and approved by a court which specifies |
183 | the time that a minor child will spend with each of the child's |
184 | parents. If the parents cannot agree, the schedule shall be |
185 | established by the court. |
186 | Section 3. Subsection (3) of section 61.052, Florida |
187 | Statutes, is amended to read: |
188 | 61.052 Dissolution of marriage.-- |
189 | (3) During any period of continuance, the court may make |
190 | appropriate orders for the support and alimony of the parties; |
191 | the parenting plan primary residence, custody, rotating custody, |
192 | visitation, support, maintenance, and education of the minor |
193 | child of the marriage; attorney's fees; and the preservation of |
194 | the property of the parties. |
195 | Section 4. Section 61.09, Florida Statutes, is amended to |
196 | read: |
197 | 61.09 Alimony and child support unconnected with |
198 | dissolution.--If a person having the ability to contribute to |
199 | the maintenance of his or her spouse and support of his or her |
200 | minor child fails to do so, the spouse who is not receiving |
201 | support or who has custody of the child or with whom the child |
202 | has primary residence may apply to the court for alimony and for |
203 | support for the child without seeking dissolution of marriage, |
204 | and the court shall enter an order as it deems just and proper. |
205 | Section 5. Section 61.10, Florida Statutes, is amended to |
206 | read: |
207 | 61.10 Adjudication of obligation to support spouse or |
208 | minor child unconnected with dissolution; parenting plan and |
209 | time-sharing schedule child custody, child's primary residence, |
210 | and visitation.--Except when relief is afforded by some other |
211 | pending civil action or proceeding, a spouse residing in this |
212 | state apart from his or her spouse and minor child, whether or |
213 | not such separation is through his or her fault, may obtain an |
214 | adjudication of obligation to maintain the spouse and minor |
215 | child, if any. The court shall adjudicate his or her financial |
216 | obligations to the spouse and child and, shall establish the |
217 | parenting plan and time-sharing schedule for child's primary |
218 | residence, and shall determine the custody and visitation rights |
219 | of the parties. Such an action does not preclude either party |
220 | from maintaining any other proceeding under this chapter for |
221 | other or additional relief at any time. |
222 | Section 6. Section 61.122, Florida Statutes, is amended to |
223 | read: |
224 | 61.122 Parenting plan recommendation Child custody |
225 | evaluations; presumption of psychologist's good faith; |
226 | prerequisite to parent's filing suit; award of fees, costs, |
227 | reimbursement.-- |
228 | (1) A psychologist who has been appointed by the court to |
229 | develop a parenting plan recommendation conduct a child custody |
230 | evaluation in a dissolution of marriage, case of domestic |
231 | violence, or paternity matter involving parent-child |
232 | relationships, including time-sharing of children, judicial |
233 | proceeding is presumed to be acting in good faith if the |
234 | psychologist's recommendation evaluation has been reached |
235 | conducted pursuant to standards that a reasonable psychologist |
236 | would use to develop a parenting plan recommendation have used |
237 | as recommended by the American Psychological Association's |
238 | guidelines for child custody evaluation in divorce proceedings. |
239 | (2) An administrative complaint against a court-appointed |
240 | psychologist which relates to a parenting plan recommendation |
241 | developed child custody evaluation conducted by the psychologist |
242 | may not be filed anonymously. The individual who files such an |
243 | administrative complaint must include in the complaint his or |
244 | her name, address, and telephone number. |
245 | (3) A parent who desires wishes to file a legal action |
246 | against a court-appointed psychologist who has acted in good |
247 | faith in developing conducting a parenting plan recommendation |
248 | child custody evaluation must petition the judge who presided |
249 | over the dissolution of marriage, case of domestic violence, or |
250 | paternity action involving parent-child relationships, including |
251 | time-sharing of children, child custody proceeding to appoint |
252 | another psychologist. Upon the parent's showing of good cause, |
253 | the court shall appoint another psychologist. The court shall |
254 | determine make a determination as to who is responsible for all |
255 | court costs and attorney's fees associated with making such an |
256 | appointment. |
257 | (4) If a legal action, whether it be a civil action, a |
258 | criminal action, or an administrative proceeding, is filed |
259 | against a court-appointed psychologist in a dissolution of |
260 | marriage, case of domestic violence, or paternity action |
261 | involving parent-child relationships, including time-sharing of |
262 | children child custody proceeding, the claimant is responsible |
263 | for all reasonable costs and reasonable attorney's fees |
264 | associated with the action for both parties if the psychologist |
265 | is held not liable. If the psychologist is held liable in civil |
266 | court, the psychologist must pay all reasonable costs and |
267 | reasonable attorney's fees for the claimant. |
268 | Section 7. Section 61.13, Florida Statutes, is amended to |
269 | read: |
270 | 61.13 Custody and Support and parenting of children; |
271 | visitation rights; power of court in making orders.-- |
272 | (1)(a) In a proceeding under this chapter, the court may |
273 | at any time order either or both parents who owe a duty of |
274 | support to a child to pay support in accordance with the |
275 | guidelines in s. 61.30. The court initially entering an order |
276 | requiring one or both parents to make child support payments |
277 | shall have continuing jurisdiction after the entry of the |
278 | initial order to modify the amount and terms and conditions of |
279 | the child support payments when the modification is found |
280 | necessary by the court in the best interests of the child, when |
281 | the child reaches majority, or when there is a substantial |
282 | change in the circumstances of the parties. The court initially |
283 | entering a child support order shall also have continuing |
284 | jurisdiction to require the obligee to report to the court on |
285 | terms prescribed by the court regarding the disposition of the |
286 | child support payments. |
287 | (b) Each order for support shall contain a provision for |
288 | health care coverage for the minor child when the coverage is |
289 | reasonably available. Coverage is reasonably available if either |
290 | the obligor or obligee has access at a reasonable rate to a |
291 | group health plan. The court may require the obligor either to |
292 | provide health care coverage or to reimburse the obligee for the |
293 | cost of health care coverage for the minor child when coverage |
294 | is provided by the obligee. In either event, the court shall |
295 | apportion the cost of coverage, and any noncovered medical, |
296 | dental, and prescription medication expenses of the child, to |
297 | both parties by adding the cost to the basic obligation |
298 | determined pursuant to s. 61.30(6). The court may order that |
299 | payment of uncovered medical, dental, and prescription |
300 | medication expenses of the minor child be made directly to the |
301 | obligee on a percentage basis. |
302 | 1. In a non-Title IV-D case, a copy of the court order for |
303 | health care coverage shall be served on the obligor's union or |
304 | employer by the obligee when the following conditions are met: |
305 | a. The obligor fails to provide written proof to the |
306 | obligee within 30 days after receiving effective notice of the |
307 | court order that the health care coverage has been obtained or |
308 | that application for coverage has been made; |
309 | b. The obligee serves written notice of intent to enforce |
310 | an order for health care coverage on the obligor by mail at the |
311 | obligor's last known address; and |
312 | c. The obligor fails within 15 days after the mailing of |
313 | the notice to provide written proof to the obligee that the |
314 | health care coverage existed as of the date of mailing. |
315 | 2.a. A support order enforced under Title IV-D of the |
316 | Social Security Act which requires that the obligor provide |
317 | health care coverage is enforceable by the department through |
318 | the use of the national medical support notice, and an amendment |
319 | to the support order is not required. The department shall |
320 | transfer the national medical support notice to the obligor's |
321 | union or employer. The department shall notify the obligor in |
322 | writing that the notice has been sent to the obligor's union or |
323 | employer, and the written notification must include the |
324 | obligor's rights and duties under the national medical support |
325 | notice. The obligor may contest the withholding required by the |
326 | national medical support notice based on a mistake of fact. To |
327 | contest the withholding, the obligor must file a written notice |
328 | of contest with the department within 15 business days after the |
329 | date the obligor receives written notification of the national |
330 | medical support notice from the department. Filing with the |
331 | department is complete when the notice is received by the person |
332 | designated by the department in the written notification. The |
333 | notice of contest must be in the form prescribed by the |
334 | department. Upon the timely filing of a notice of contest, the |
335 | department shall, within 5 business days, schedule an informal |
336 | conference with the obligor to discuss the obligor's factual |
337 | dispute. If the informal conference resolves the dispute to the |
338 | obligor's satisfaction or if the obligor fails to attend the |
339 | informal conference, the notice of contest is deemed withdrawn. |
340 | If the informal conference does not resolve the dispute, the |
341 | obligor may request an administrative hearing under chapter 120 |
342 | within 5 business days after the termination of the informal |
343 | conference, in a form and manner prescribed by the department. |
344 | However, the filing of a notice of contest by the obligor does |
345 | not delay the withholding of premium payments by the union, |
346 | employer, or health plan administrator. The union, employer, or |
347 | health plan administrator must implement the withholding as |
348 | directed by the national medical support notice unless notified |
349 | by the department that the national medical support notice is |
350 | terminated. |
351 | b. In a Title IV-D case, the department shall notify an |
352 | obligor's union or employer if the obligation to provide health |
353 | care coverage through that union or employer is terminated. |
354 | 3. In a non-Title IV-D case, upon receipt of the order |
355 | pursuant to subparagraph 1., or upon application of the obligor |
356 | pursuant to the order, the union or employer shall enroll the |
357 | minor child as a beneficiary in the group health plan regardless |
358 | of any restrictions on the enrollment period and withhold any |
359 | required premium from the obligor's income. If more than one |
360 | plan is offered by the union or employer, the child shall be |
361 | enrolled in the group health plan in which the obligor is |
362 | enrolled. |
363 | 4.a. Upon receipt of the national medical support notice |
364 | under subparagraph 2. in a Title IV-D case, the union or |
365 | employer shall transfer the notice to the appropriate group |
366 | health plan administrator within 20 business days after the date |
367 | on the notice. The plan administrator must enroll the child as a |
368 | beneficiary in the group health plan regardless of any |
369 | restrictions on the enrollment period, and the union or employer |
370 | must withhold any required premium from the obligor's income |
371 | upon notification by the plan administrator that the child is |
372 | enrolled. The child shall be enrolled in the group health plan |
373 | in which the obligor is enrolled. If the group health plan in |
374 | which the obligor is enrolled is not available where the child |
375 | resides or if the obligor is not enrolled in group coverage, the |
376 | child shall be enrolled in the lowest cost group health plan |
377 | that is available where the child resides. |
378 | b. If health care coverage or the obligor's employment is |
379 | terminated in a Title IV-D case, the union or employer that is |
380 | withholding premiums for health care coverage under a national |
381 | medical support notice must notify the department within 20 days |
382 | after the termination and provide the obligor's last known |
383 | address and the name and address of the obligor's new employer, |
384 | if known. |
385 | 5.a. The amount withheld by a union or employer in |
386 | compliance with a support order may not exceed the amount |
387 | allowed under s. 303(b) of the Consumer Credit Protection Act, |
388 | 15 U.S.C. s. 1673(b), as amended. The union or employer shall |
389 | withhold the maximum allowed by the Consumer Credit Protection |
390 | Act in the following order: |
391 | (I) Current support, as ordered. |
392 | (II) Premium payments for health care coverage, as |
393 | ordered. |
394 | (III) Past due support, as ordered. |
395 | (IV) Other medical support or coverage, as ordered. |
396 | b. If the combined amount to be withheld for current |
397 | support plus the premium payment for health care coverage exceed |
398 | the amount allowed under the Consumer Credit Protection Act, and |
399 | the health care coverage cannot be obtained unless the full |
400 | amount of the premium is paid, the union or employer may not |
401 | withhold the premium payment. However, the union or employer |
402 | shall withhold the maximum allowed in the following order: |
403 | (I) Current support, as ordered. |
404 | (II) Past due support, as ordered. |
405 | (III) Other medical support or coverage, as ordered. |
406 | 6. An employer, union, or plan administrator who does not |
407 | comply with the requirements in sub-subparagraph 4.a. is subject |
408 | to a civil penalty not to exceed $250 for the first violation |
409 | and $500 for subsequent violations, plus attorney's fees and |
410 | costs. The department may file a petition in circuit court to |
411 | enforce the requirements of this subsection. |
412 | 7. The department may adopt rules to administer the child |
413 | support enforcement provisions of this section that affect Title |
414 | IV-D cases. |
415 | (c) To the extent necessary to protect an award of child |
416 | support, the court may order the obligor to purchase or maintain |
417 | a life insurance policy or a bond, or to otherwise secure the |
418 | child support award with any other assets which may be suitable |
419 | for that purpose. |
420 | (d)1. Unless the provisions of subparagraph 3. apply, all |
421 | child support orders entered on or after January 1, 1985, shall |
422 | direct that the payments of child support be made as provided in |
423 | s. 61.181 through the depository in the county where the court |
424 | is located. All child support orders shall provide the full name |
425 | and date of birth of each minor child who is the subject of the |
426 | child support order. |
427 | 2. Unless the provisions of subparagraph 3. apply, all |
428 | child support orders entered before January 1, 1985, shall be |
429 | modified by the court to direct that payments of child support |
430 | shall be made through the depository in the county where the |
431 | court is located upon the subsequent appearance of either or |
432 | both parents to modify or enforce the order, or in any related |
433 | proceeding. |
434 | 3. If both parties request and the court finds that it is |
435 | in the best interest of the child, support payments need not be |
436 | directed through the depository. The order of support shall |
437 | provide, or shall be deemed to provide, that either party may |
438 | subsequently apply to the depository to require direction of the |
439 | payments through the depository. The court shall provide a copy |
440 | of the order to the depository. |
441 | 4. If the parties elect not to require that support |
442 | payments be made through the depository, any party may |
443 | subsequently file an affidavit with the depository alleging a |
444 | default in payment of child support and stating that the party |
445 | wishes to require that payments be made through the depository. |
446 | The party shall provide copies of the affidavit to the court and |
447 | to each other party. Fifteen days after receipt of the |
448 | affidavit, the depository shall notify both parties that future |
449 | payments shall be paid through the depository. |
450 | 5. In IV-D cases, the IV-D agency shall have the same |
451 | rights as the obligee in requesting that payments be made |
452 | through the depository. |
453 | (2)(a) The court shall have jurisdiction to approve, |
454 | create, or modify a parenting plan or a time-sharing schedule |
455 | determine custody, notwithstanding that the child is not |
456 | physically present in this state at the time of filing any |
457 | proceeding under this chapter, if it appears to the court that |
458 | the child was removed from this state for the primary purpose of |
459 | removing the child from the jurisdiction of the court in an |
460 | attempt to avoid the court's approval, creation, or modification |
461 | of a parenting plan or a time-sharing schedule a determination |
462 | or modification of custody. |
463 | (b) Any parenting plan approved by the court must, at a |
464 | minimum, adequately describe in detail how the parents will |
465 | share and be responsible for the daily tasks associated with the |
466 | upbringing of a child, the time-sharing schedule arrangements |
467 | that specify the time that the minor child will spend with each |
468 | of his or her parents, a designation of who will be responsible |
469 | for any and all forms of health care, other activities, and |
470 | school-related matters and the methods and technologies that the |
471 | parents will use to communicate with each other and with the |
472 | child. |
473 | (c)(b)1. The court shall determine all matters relating to |
474 | parenting and time-sharing custody of each minor child of the |
475 | parties in accordance with the best interests of the child and |
476 | in accordance with the Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and |
477 | Enforcement Act. It is the public policy of this state to assure |
478 | that each minor child has frequent and continuing contact with |
479 | both parents after the parents separate or the marriage of the |
480 | parties is dissolved and to encourage parents to share the |
481 | rights and responsibilities, and joys, of childrearing. There is |
482 | no presumption for or against After considering all relevant |
483 | facts, the father or mother of the child when creating or |
484 | modifying the parenting plan or the time-sharing schedule for |
485 | shall be given the same consideration as the mother in |
486 | determining the primary residence of a child irrespective of the |
487 | age or sex of the child. |
488 | 2. The court shall order that the parental responsibility |
489 | for a minor child be shared by both parents unless the court |
490 | finds that shared parental responsibility would be detrimental |
491 | to the child. Evidence that a parent has been convicted of a |
492 | felony of the third degree or higher involving domestic |
493 | violence, as defined in s. 741.28 and chapter 775, or meets the |
494 | criteria of s. 39.806(1)(d), creates a rebuttable presumption of |
495 | detriment to the child. If the presumption is not rebutted, |
496 | shared parental responsibility, including time-sharing with |
497 | visitation, residence of the child, and decisions made regarding |
498 | the child, may not be granted to the convicted parent. However, |
499 | the convicted parent is not relieved of any obligation to |
500 | provide financial support. If the court determines that shared |
501 | parental responsibility would be detrimental to the child, it |
502 | may order sole parental responsibility and make such |
503 | arrangements for time-sharing as specified in the parenting plan |
504 | visitation as will best protect the child or abused spouse from |
505 | further harm. Whether or not there is a conviction of any |
506 | offense of domestic violence or child abuse or the existence of |
507 | an injunction for protection against domestic violence, the |
508 | court shall consider evidence of domestic violence or child |
509 | abuse as evidence of detriment to the child. |
510 | a. In ordering shared parental responsibility, the court |
511 | may consider the expressed desires of the parents and may grant |
512 | to one party the ultimate responsibility over specific aspects |
513 | of the child's welfare or may divide those responsibilities |
514 | between the parties based on the best interests of the child. |
515 | Areas of responsibility may include primary residence, |
516 | education, health medical and dental care, and any other |
517 | responsibilities that the court finds unique to a particular |
518 | family. |
519 | b. The court shall order "sole parental responsibility for |
520 | a minor child to one parent, with or without time-sharing with |
521 | visitation rights, to the other parent," when it is in the best |
522 | interests of" the minor child. |
523 | 3. Access to records and information pertaining to a minor |
524 | child, including, but not limited to, medical, dental, and |
525 | school records, may not be denied to either a parent because the |
526 | parent is not the child's primary residential parent. Full |
527 | rights under this subparagraph apply to either parent unless a |
528 | court order specifically revokes these rights, including any |
529 | restrictions on these rights as provided in a domestic violence |
530 | injunction. A parent having rights under this subparagraph has |
531 | the same rights upon request as to form, substance, and manner |
532 | of access as are available to the other parent of a child, |
533 | including, without limitation, the right to in-person |
534 | communication with medical, dental, and education providers. |
535 | (d)(c) The circuit court in the county in which either |
536 | parent and the child reside or the circuit court in which the |
537 | original order approving or creating the parenting plan and |
538 | time-sharing schedule award of custody was entered has have |
539 | jurisdiction to modify the parenting plan or time-sharing |
540 | schedule an award of child custody. The court may change the |
541 | venue in accordance with s. 47.122. |
542 | (3) For purposes of establishing or modifying parental |
543 | responsibility and creating, developing, approving, or modifying |
544 | a parenting plan, including a time-sharing schedule, which |
545 | governs each parent's relationship with his or her minor child |
546 | and the relationship between each parent with regard to his or |
547 | her minor child, the best interests of the child shall be the |
548 | primary consideration. There shall be no presumptions for or |
549 | against either parent when establishing or modifying the time- |
550 | sharing schedule or creating, developing, approving, or |
551 | modifying the parenting plan, as well as determining |
552 | decisionmaking, regardless of the age or sex of the child, |
553 | giving due consideration to the developmental needs of the |
554 | child. The time-sharing schedule, including the parenting plan, |
555 | must be in the best interests of the minor child, and evidence |
556 | that a parent has been convicted of a felony of the third degree |
557 | or higher involving domestic violence, as defined in s. 741.28 |
558 | or chapter 775, or meeting the criteria of s. 39.806(1)(d), |
559 | creates a rebuttable presumption of detriment to the child. If |
560 | the presumption is not rebutted, the time-sharing with the child |
561 | and decisions made regarding the child may not be granted to the |
562 | convicted parent. Otherwise, determination of the best interests |
563 | of the child shall be made by evaluating all of the factors |
564 | affecting the welfare and interests of the child, including, but |
565 | not limited to: |
566 | (a) The demonstrated capacity and disposition of each |
567 | parent to facilitate and encourage a close and continuing |
568 | parent-child relationship between the child and the other |
569 | parent, to honor the time-sharing schedule, and to be reasonable |
570 | when changes are required. |
571 | (b) The anticipated division of parental responsibilities |
572 | after the litigation, including the extent to which parental |
573 | responsibilities will be delegated to third parties. |
574 | (c) The demonstrated capacity and disposition of each |
575 | parent to determine, consider, and act upon the needs of the |
576 | child as opposed to the needs or desires of the parent. shared |
577 | parental responsibility and primary residence, the best |
578 | interests of the child shall include an evaluation of all |
579 | factors affecting the welfare and interests of the child, |
580 | including, but not limited to: |
581 | (a) The parent who is more likely to allow the child |
582 | frequent and continuing contact with the nonresidential parent. |
583 | (b) The love, affection, and other emotional ties existing |
584 | between the parents and the child. |
585 | (c) The capacity and disposition of the parents to provide |
586 | the child with food, clothing, medical care or other remedial |
587 | care recognized and permitted under the laws of this state in |
588 | lieu of medical care, and other material needs. |
589 | (d) The length of time the child has lived in a stable, |
590 | satisfactory environment and the desirability of maintaining |
591 | continuity. |
592 | (e) The geographic viability of the parenting plan, with |
593 | special attention paid to the needs of school-age children and |
594 | the amount of time to be spent traveling to effectuate the |
595 | parenting plan. This factor does not create a presumption for or |
596 | against relocation of either parent with a child. The |
597 | permanence, as a family unit, of the existing or proposed |
598 | custodial home. |
599 | (f) The moral fitness of the parents. |
600 | (g) The mental and physical health of the parents. |
601 | (h) The demonstrated capacity and disposition of each |
602 | parent to be informed of the circumstances surrounding the minor |
603 | child, such as the child's friends, teachers, medical care |
604 | providers, favorite activities, favorite foods, and clothing |
605 | sizes. |
606 | (i) The demonstrated capacity and disposition of each |
607 | parent to provide a consistent routine for the child, such as |
608 | forms of discipline and setting times for homework, meals, and |
609 | bedtime. |
610 | (j) The demonstrated capacity and disposition of each |
611 | parent to communicate with the other parent and to keep the |
612 | other parent informed of issues and activities regarding the |
613 | minor child, and the willingness of each parent to adopt a |
614 | unified front on all major issues when dealing with the child. |
615 | (k) Evidence of domestic violence, sexual violence, child |
616 | abuse, child abandonment, or child neglect, regardless of |
617 | whether a prior or pending action regarding those issues has |
618 | been brought. |
619 | (l) Evidence that either parent has knowingly provided |
620 | false information to the court regarding any prior or pending |
621 | action regarding domestic violence, sexual violence, child |
622 | abuse, child abandonment, or child neglect. |
623 | (m) The particular parenting tasks customarily performed |
624 | by each parent and the division of parental responsibilities |
625 | before the institution of litigation and during the pending |
626 | litigation, including the extent to which parental |
627 | responsibilities were undertaken by third parties. |
628 | (n) The demonstrated capacity and disposition of each |
629 | parent to participate and be involved in the child's school and |
630 | extracurricular activities. |
631 | (o) The demonstrated capacity and disposition of each |
632 | parent to maintain an environment for the child which is free |
633 | from substance abuse. |
634 | (p) The capacity and disposition of each parent to protect |
635 | the child from the ongoing litigation as demonstrated by not |
636 | discussing the case with the child, not sharing documents or |
637 | electronic media related to the case with the child, and not |
638 | making disparaging comments about the other parent to the child. |
639 | (q) The developmental stages and needs of the child and |
640 | the demonstrated capacity and disposition of each parent to meet |
641 | the child's developmental needs. |
642 | (r) Any other factor that is relevant to the determination |
643 | of a specific parenting plan, including the time-sharing |
644 | schedule. |
645 | (h) The home, school, and community record of the child. |
646 | (i) The reasonable preference of the child, if the court |
647 | deems the child to be of sufficient intelligence, understanding, |
648 | and experience to express a preference. |
649 | (j) The willingness and ability of each parent to |
650 | facilitate and encourage a close and continuing parent-child |
651 | relationship between the child and the other parent. |
652 | (k) Evidence that any party has knowingly provided false |
653 | information to the court regarding a domestic violence |
654 | proceeding pursuant to s. 741.30. |
655 | (l) Evidence of domestic violence or child abuse. |
656 | (m) Any other fact considered by the court to be relevant. |
657 | (4)(a) When a noncustodial parent who is ordered to pay |
658 | child support or alimony and who is awarded visitation rights |
659 | fails to pay child support or alimony, the custodial parent who |
660 | should have received the child support or alimony may shall not |
661 | refuse to honor the time-sharing schedule presently in effect |
662 | between the parents noncustodial parent's visitation rights. |
663 | (b) When a custodial parent refuses to honor the other a |
664 | noncustodial parent's visitation rights under the time-sharing |
665 | schedule, the noncustodial parent whose time-sharing rights were |
666 | violated shall continue not fail to pay any ordered child |
667 | support or alimony. |
668 | (c) When a custodial parent refuses to honor the time- |
669 | sharing schedule in the parenting plan a noncustodial parent's |
670 | or grandparent's visitation rights without proper cause, the |
671 | court: |
672 | 1. Shall, after calculating the amount of time-sharing |
673 | visitation improperly denied, award the noncustodial parent |
674 | denied time-sharing or grandparent a sufficient amount of extra |
675 | time-sharing visitation to compensate for the time-sharing |
676 | missed, and such time-sharing the noncustodial parent or |
677 | grandparent, which visitation shall be ordered as expeditiously |
678 | as possible in a manner consistent with the best interests of |
679 | the child and scheduled in a manner that is convenient for the |
680 | parent person deprived of time-sharing visitation. In ordering |
681 | any makeup time-sharing visitation, the court shall schedule |
682 | such time-sharing visitation in a manner that is consistent with |
683 | the best interests of the child or children and that is |
684 | convenient for the nonoffending noncustodial parent and at the |
685 | expense of the noncompliant parent or grandparent. In addition, |
686 | the court: |
687 | 2.1. May order the custodial parent who did not provide |
688 | time-sharing or did not properly exercise time-sharing under the |
689 | time-sharing schedule to pay reasonable court costs and |
690 | attorney's fees incurred by the nonoffending noncustodial parent |
691 | or grandparent to enforce the time-sharing schedule their |
692 | visitation rights or make up improperly denied visitation; |
693 | 3.2. May order the custodial parent who did not provide |
694 | time-sharing or did not properly exercise time-sharing under the |
695 | time-sharing schedule to attend a the parenting course approved |
696 | by the judicial circuit; |
697 | 4.3. May order the custodial parent who did not provide |
698 | time-sharing or did not properly exercise time-sharing under the |
699 | time-sharing schedule to do community service if the order will |
700 | not interfere with the welfare of the child; |
701 | 5.4. May order the custodial parent who did not provide |
702 | time-sharing or did not properly exercise time-sharing under the |
703 | time-sharing schedule to have the financial burden of promoting |
704 | frequent and continuing contact when the custodial parent and |
705 | child reside further than 60 miles from the noncustodial parent; |
706 | 6.5. May award custody, rotating custody, or primary |
707 | residence to the noncustodial parent, upon the request of the |
708 | noncustodial parent who did not violate the time-sharing |
709 | schedule, modify the parenting plan, if modification the award |
710 | is in the best interests of the child; or |
711 | 7. May order the parent who did not provide time-sharing |
712 | or did not properly exercise time-sharing under the time-sharing |
713 | schedule to be responsible for incidental costs incurred by the |
714 | compliant parent as a result of the other parent's |
715 | noncompliance; or |
716 | 8.6. May impose any other reasonable sanction as a result |
717 | of noncompliance. |
718 | (d) A person who violates this subsection may be punished |
719 | by contempt of court or other remedies as the court deems |
720 | appropriate. |
721 | (5) The court may make specific orders regarding the |
722 | parenting plan and the time-sharing schedule for the care and |
723 | custody of the minor child as such orders relate to from the |
724 | circumstances of the parties and the nature of the case and are |
725 | is equitable and provide for child support in accordance with |
726 | the guidelines in s. 61.30. An order for equal time-sharing for |
727 | award of shared parental responsibility of a minor child does |
728 | not preclude the court from entering an order for child support |
729 | of the child. |
730 | (6) In any proceeding under this section, the court may |
731 | not deny shared parental responsibility and time-sharing, |
732 | custody, or visitation rights to a parent or grandparent solely |
733 | because that parent or grandparent is or is believed to be |
734 | infected with human immunodeficiency virus,; but the court may |
735 | condition such rights in an order approving the parenting plan |
736 | upon the parent's or grandparent's agreement to observe measures |
737 | approved by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of |
738 | the United States Public Health Service or by the Department of |
739 | Health for preventing the spread of human immunodeficiency virus |
740 | to the child. |
741 | (7) If the court orders that parental responsibility, |
742 | including visitation, be shared by both parents, the court may |
743 | not deny the noncustodial parent overnight contact and access to |
744 | or visitation with the child solely because of the age or sex of |
745 | the child. |
746 | (7)(8)(a) Beginning July 1, 1997, each party to any |
747 | paternity or support proceeding is required to file with the |
748 | tribunal as defined in s. 88.1011(22) and State Case Registry |
749 | upon entry of an order, and to update as appropriate, |
750 | information on location and identity of the party, including |
751 | social security number, residential and mailing addresses, |
752 | telephone number, driver's license number, and name, address, |
753 | and telephone number of employer. Beginning October 1, 1998, |
754 | each party to any paternity or child support proceeding in a |
755 | non-Title IV-D case shall meet the above requirements for |
756 | updating the tribunal and State Case Registry. |
757 | (b) Pursuant to the federal Personal Responsibility and |
758 | Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996, each party is |
759 | required to provide his or her social security number in |
760 | accordance with this section. Disclosure of social security |
761 | numbers obtained through this requirement shall be limited to |
762 | the purpose of administration of the Title IV-D program for |
763 | child support enforcement. |
764 | (c) Beginning July 1, 1997, in any subsequent Title IV-D |
765 | child support enforcement action between the parties, upon |
766 | sufficient showing that diligent effort has been made to |
767 | ascertain the location of such a party, the court of competent |
768 | jurisdiction shall deem state due process requirements for |
769 | notice and service of process to be met with respect to the |
770 | party, upon delivery of written notice to the most recent |
771 | residential or employer address filed with the tribunal and |
772 | State Case Registry pursuant to paragraph (a). Beginning October |
773 | 1, 1998, in any subsequent non-Title IV-D child support |
774 | enforcement action between the parties, the same requirements |
775 | for service shall apply. |
776 | (8)(9) At the time an order for child support is entered, |
777 | each party is required to provide his or her social security |
778 | number and date of birth to the court, as well as the name, date |
779 | of birth, and social security number of each minor child that is |
780 | the subject of such child support order. Pursuant to the federal |
781 | Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act |
782 | of 1996, each party is required to provide his or her social |
783 | security number in accordance with this section. All social |
784 | security numbers required by this section shall be provided by |
785 | the parties and maintained by the depository as a separate |
786 | attachment in the file. Disclosure of social security numbers |
787 | obtained through this requirement shall be limited to the |
788 | purpose of administration of the Title IV-D program for child |
789 | support enforcement. |
790 | Section 8. Section 61.13001, Florida Statutes, is amended |
791 | to read: |
792 | 61.13001 Parental relocation with a child.-- |
793 | (1) DEFINITIONS.--As used in this section: |
794 | (a) "Change of residence address" means the relocation of |
795 | a child to a principal residence more than 50 miles away from |
796 | his or her principal place of residence at the time of the entry |
797 | of the last order establishing or modifying the parenting plan |
798 | or time-sharing arrangement for designation of the primary |
799 | residential parent or the custody of the minor child, unless the |
800 | move places the principal residence of the minor child less than |
801 | 50 miles from either the nonresidential parent. |
802 | (b) "Child" means any person who is under the jurisdiction |
803 | of a state court pursuant to the Uniform Child Custody |
804 | Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act or is the subject of any order |
805 | granting to a parent or other person any right to time-sharing, |
806 | residential care, or kinship custody, or visitation as provided |
807 | under state law. |
808 | (c) "Court" means the circuit court in an original |
809 | proceeding which has proper venue and jurisdiction in accordance |
810 | with the Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act, |
811 | the circuit court in the county in which either parent and the |
812 | child reside, or the circuit court in which the original action |
813 | was adjudicated. |
814 | (d) "Other person" means an individual who is not the |
815 | parent and who, by court order, maintains the primary residence |
816 | of a child or has visitation rights with a child. |
817 | (e) "Parent" means any person so named by court order or |
818 | express written agreement that is subject to court enforcement |
819 | or a person reflected as a parent on a birth certificate and in |
820 | whose home a child maintains a primary or secondary residence. |
821 | (f) "Person entitled to be the primary residential parent |
822 | of a child" means a person so designated by court order or by an |
823 | express written agreement that is subject to court enforcement |
824 | or a person seeking such a designation, or, when neither parent |
825 | has been designated as primary residential parent, the person |
826 | seeking to relocate with a child. |
827 | (g) "Principal residence of a child" means the home of the |
828 | designated primary residential parent. For purposes of this |
829 | section only, when rotating custody is in effect, each parent |
830 | shall be considered to be the primary residential parent. |
831 | (f)(h) "Relocation" means a change in any the principal |
832 | residence of a child for a period of 60 consecutive days or more |
833 | but does not include a temporary absence from the principal |
834 | residence for purposes of vacation, education, or the provision |
835 | of health care for the child. |
836 | (2) RELOCATION BY AGREEMENT.-- |
837 | (a) If the parents primary residential parent and the |
838 | other parent and every other person entitled to time-sharing |
839 | visitation with the child agree to the relocation of the child |
840 | child's principal residence, they may satisfy the requirements |
841 | of this section by signing a written agreement that: |
842 | 1. Reflects the consent to the relocation; |
843 | 2. Defines time-sharing the visitation rights for the |
844 | nonrelocating parent and any other persons who are entitled to |
845 | time-sharing visitation; and |
846 | 3. Describes, if necessary, any transportation |
847 | arrangements related to time-sharing the visitation. |
848 | (b) If there is an existing cause of action, judgment, or |
849 | decree of record pertaining to the child's primary residence or |
850 | time-sharing visitation, the parties shall seek ratification of |
851 | the agreement by court order without the necessity of an |
852 | evidentiary hearing unless a hearing is requested, in writing, |
853 | by one or more of the parties to the agreement within 10 days |
854 | after the date the agreement is filed with the court. If a |
855 | hearing is not timely requested, it shall be presumed that the |
856 | relocation is in the best interest of the child and the court |
857 | may ratify the agreement without an evidentiary hearing. |
858 | (3) NOTICE OF INTENT TO RELOCATE WITH A CHILD.--Unless an |
859 | agreement has been entered as described in subsection (2), a |
860 | parent who is entitled to time-sharing with primary residence of |
861 | the child shall notify the other parent, and every other person |
862 | entitled to time-sharing visitation with the child, of a |
863 | proposed relocation of the child's principal residence. The form |
864 | of notice shall be according to this section: |
865 | (a) The parent seeking to relocate shall prepare a Notice |
866 | of Intent to Relocate. The following information must be |
867 | included with the Notice of Intent to Relocate and signed under |
868 | oath under penalty of perjury: |
869 | 1. A description of the location of the intended new |
870 | residence, including the state, city, and specific physical |
871 | address, if known. |
872 | 2. The mailing address of the intended new residence, if |
873 | not the same as the physical address, if known. |
874 | 3. The home telephone number of the intended new |
875 | residence, if known. |
876 | 4. The date of the intended move or proposed relocation. |
877 | 5. A detailed statement of the specific reasons for the |
878 | proposed relocation of the child. If one of the reasons is based |
879 | upon a job offer which has been reduced to writing, that written |
880 | job offer must be attached to the Notice of Intent to Relocate. |
881 | 6. A proposal for the revised postrelocation schedule of |
882 | time-sharing visitation together with a proposal for the |
883 | postrelocation transportation arrangements necessary to |
884 | effectuate time-sharing visitation with the child. Absent the |
885 | existence of a current, valid order abating, terminating, or |
886 | restricting time-sharing visitation or other good cause |
887 | predating the Notice of Intent to Relocate, failure to comply |
888 | with this provision renders the Notice of Intent to Relocate |
889 | legally insufficient. |
890 | 7. Substantially the following statement, in all capital |
891 | letters and in the same size type, or larger, as the type in the |
892 | remainder of the notice: |
893 |
|
894 | AN OBJECTION TO THE PROPOSED RELOCATION MUST BE MADE IN WRITING, |
895 | FILED WITH THE COURT, AND SERVED ON THE PARENT OR OTHER PERSON |
896 | SEEKING TO RELOCATE WITHIN 30 DAYS AFTER SERVICE OF THIS NOTICE |
897 | OF INTENT TO RELOCATE. IF YOU FAIL TO TIMELY OBJECT TO THE |
898 | RELOCATION, THE RELOCATION WILL BE ALLOWED, UNLESS IT IS NOT IN |
899 | THE BEST INTERESTS OF THE CHILD, WITHOUT FURTHER NOTICE AND |
900 | WITHOUT A HEARING. |
901 | 8. The mailing address of the parent or other person |
902 | seeking to relocate to which the objection filed under |
903 | subsection (5) to the Notice of Intent to Relocate should be |
904 | sent. |
905 |
|
906 | The contents of the Notice of Intent to Relocate are not |
907 | privileged. For purposes of encouraging amicable resolution of |
908 | the relocation issue, a copy of the Notice of Intent to Relocate |
909 | shall initially not be filed with the court but instead served |
910 | upon the nonrelocating parent, other person, and every other |
911 | person entitled to time-sharing visitation with the child, and |
912 | the original thereof shall be maintained by the parent or other |
913 | person seeking to relocate. |
914 | (b) The parent seeking to relocate shall also prepare a |
915 | Certificate of Filing Notice of Intent to Relocate. The |
916 | certificate shall certify the date that the Notice of Intent to |
917 | Relocate was served on the other parent and on every other |
918 | person entitled to time-sharing visitation with the child. |
919 | (c) The Notice of Intent to Relocate, and the Certificate |
920 | of Filing Notice of Intent to Relocate, shall be served on the |
921 | other parent and on every other person entitled to time-sharing |
922 | visitation with the child. If there is a pending court action |
923 | regarding the child, service of process may be according to |
924 | court rule. Otherwise, service of process shall be according to |
925 | chapters 48 and 49 or via certified mail, restricted delivery, |
926 | return receipt requested. |
927 | (d) A person giving notice of a proposed relocation or |
928 | change of residence address under this section has a continuing |
929 | duty to provide current and updated information required by this |
930 | section when that information becomes known. |
931 | (e) If the other parent and any other person entitled to |
932 | time-sharing visitation with the child fails to timely file an |
933 | objection, it shall be presumed that the relocation is in the |
934 | best interest of the child, the relocation shall be allowed, and |
935 | the court shall, absent good cause, enter an order, attaching a |
936 | copy of the Notice of Intent to Relocate, reflecting that the |
937 | order is entered as a result of the failure to object to the |
938 | Notice of Intent to Relocate, and adopting the time-sharing |
939 | visitation schedule and transportation arrangements contained in |
940 | the Notice of Intent to Relocate. The order may issue in an |
941 | expedited manner without the necessity of an evidentiary |
942 | hearing. If an objection is timely filed, the burden returns to |
943 | the parent or person seeking to relocate to initiate court |
944 | proceedings to obtain court permission to relocate before prior |
945 | to doing so. |
946 | (f) The act of relocating the child after failure to |
947 | comply with the notice of intent to relocate procedure described |
948 | in this subsection subjects the party in violation thereof to |
949 | contempt and other proceedings to compel the return of the child |
950 | and may be taken into account by the court in any initial or |
951 | postjudgment action seeking a determination or modification of |
952 | the parenting plan or the time-sharing schedule, or both, |
953 | designation of the primary residential parent or of the |
954 | residence, custody, or visitation with the child as: |
955 | 1. A factor in making a determination regarding the |
956 | relocation of a child. |
957 | 2. A factor in determining whether the parenting plan or |
958 | the designation of the primary residential parent or the |
959 | residence, contact, access, visitation, or time-sharing schedule |
960 | arrangements should be modified. |
961 | 3. A basis for ordering the temporary or permanent return |
962 | of the child. |
963 | 4. Sufficient cause to order the parent or other person |
964 | seeking to relocate the child to pay reasonable expenses and |
965 | attorney's fees incurred by the party objecting to the |
966 | relocation. |
967 | 5. Sufficient cause for the award of reasonable attorney's |
968 | fees and costs, including interim travel expenses incident to |
969 | time-sharing visitation or securing the return of the child. |
970 | (4) APPLICABILITY OF PUBLIC RECORDS LAW.--If the parent or |
971 | other person seeking to relocate a child, or the child, is |
972 | entitled to prevent disclosure of location information under any |
973 | public records exemption applicable to that person, the court |
974 | may enter any order necessary to modify the disclosure |
975 | requirements of this section in compliance with the public |
976 | records exemption. |
977 | (5) CONTENT OF OBJECTION TO RELOCATION.--An objection |
978 | seeking to prevent the relocation of a child must shall be |
979 | verified and served within 30 days after service of the Notice |
980 | of Intent to Relocate. The objection must shall include the |
981 | specific factual basis supporting the reasons for seeking a |
982 | prohibition of the relocation, including a statement of the |
983 | amount of participation or involvement the objecting party |
984 | currently has or has had in the life of the child. |
985 | (6) TEMPORARY ORDER.-- |
986 | (a) The court may grant a temporary order restraining the |
987 | relocation of a child or ordering the return of the child, if a |
988 | relocation has previously taken place, or other appropriate |
989 | remedial relief, if the court finds: |
990 | 1. The required notice of a proposed relocation of a child |
991 | was not provided in a timely manner; |
992 | 2. The child already has been relocated without notice or |
993 | written agreement of the parties or without court approval; or |
994 | 3. From an examination of the evidence presented at the |
995 | preliminary hearing that there is a likelihood that upon final |
996 | hearing the court will not approve the relocation of the primary |
997 | residence of the child. |
998 | (b) The court may grant a temporary order permitting the |
999 | relocation of the child pending final hearing, if the court: |
1000 | 1. Finds that the required Notice of Intent to Relocate |
1001 | was provided in a timely manner; and |
1002 | 2. Finds from an examination of the evidence presented at |
1003 | the preliminary hearing that there is a likelihood that on final |
1004 | hearing the court will approve the relocation of the primary |
1005 | residence of the child, which findings must be supported by the |
1006 | same factual basis as would be necessary to support the |
1007 | permitting of relocation in a final judgment. |
1008 | (c) If the court has issued a temporary order authorizing |
1009 | a party seeking to relocate or move a child before a final |
1010 | judgment is rendered, the court may not give any weight to the |
1011 | temporary relocation as a factor in reaching its final decision. |
1012 | (d) If temporary relocation of a child is permitted, the |
1013 | court may require the person relocating the child to provide |
1014 | reasonable security, financial or otherwise, and guarantee that |
1015 | the court-ordered contact with the child will not be interrupted |
1016 | or interfered with by the relocating party. |
1017 | (7) NO PRESUMPTION; FACTORS TO DETERMINE CONTESTED |
1018 | RELOCATION.--A No presumption does not shall arise in favor of |
1019 | or against a request to relocate with the child when a primary |
1020 | residential parent seeks to move the child and the move will |
1021 | materially affect the current schedule of contact, access, and |
1022 | time-sharing with the nonrelocating parent or other person. In |
1023 | reaching its decision regarding a proposed temporary or |
1024 | permanent relocation, the court shall evaluate all of the |
1025 | following factors: |
1026 | (a) The nature, quality, extent of involvement, and |
1027 | duration of the child's relationship with the parent proposing |
1028 | to relocate with the child and with the nonrelocating parent, |
1029 | other persons, siblings, half-siblings, and other significant |
1030 | persons in the child's life. |
1031 | (b) The age and developmental stage of the child, the |
1032 | needs of the child, and the likely impact the relocation will |
1033 | have on the child's physical, educational, and emotional |
1034 | development, taking into consideration any special needs of the |
1035 | child. |
1036 | (c) The feasibility of preserving the relationship between |
1037 | the nonrelocating parent or other person and the child through |
1038 | substitute arrangements that take into consideration the |
1039 | logistics of contact, access, visitation, and time-sharing, as |
1040 | well as the financial circumstances of the parties; whether |
1041 | those factors are sufficient to foster a continuing meaningful |
1042 | relationship between the child and the nonrelocating parent or |
1043 | other person; and the likelihood of compliance with the |
1044 | substitute arrangements by the relocating parent once he or she |
1045 | is out of the jurisdiction of the court. |
1046 | (d) The child's preference, taking into consideration the |
1047 | age and maturity of the child. |
1048 | (e) Whether the relocation will enhance the general |
1049 | quality of life for both the parent seeking the relocation and |
1050 | the child, including, but not limited to, financial or emotional |
1051 | benefits or educational opportunities. |
1052 | (f) The reasons of each parent or other person for seeking |
1053 | or opposing the relocation. |
1054 | (g) The current employment and economic circumstances of |
1055 | each parent or other person and whether or not the proposed |
1056 | relocation is necessary to improve the economic circumstances of |
1057 | the parent or other person seeking relocation of the child. |
1058 | (h) That the relocation is sought in good faith and the |
1059 | extent to which the objecting parent has fulfilled his or her |
1060 | financial obligations to the parent or other person seeking |
1061 | relocation, including child support, spousal support, and |
1062 | marital property and marital debt obligations. |
1063 | (i) The career and other opportunities available to the |
1064 | objecting parent or objecting other person if the relocation |
1065 | occurs. |
1066 | (j) A history of substance abuse or domestic violence as |
1067 | defined in s. 741.28 or which meets the criteria of s. |
1068 | 39.806(1)(d) by either parent, including a consideration of the |
1069 | severity of such conduct and the failure or success of any |
1070 | attempts at rehabilitation. |
1071 | (k) Any other factor affecting the best interest of the |
1072 | child or as set forth in s. 61.13. |
1073 | (8) BURDEN OF PROOF.--The parent or other person wishing |
1074 | to relocate has the burden of proof if an objection is filed and |
1075 | must then initiate a proceeding seeking court permission for |
1076 | relocation. The initial burden is on the parent or person |
1077 | wishing to relocate to prove by a preponderance of the evidence |
1078 | that relocation is in the best interest of the child. If that |
1079 | burden of proof is met, the burden shifts to the nonrelocating |
1080 | parent or other person to show by a preponderance of the |
1081 | evidence that the proposed relocation is not in the best |
1082 | interest of the child. |
1083 | (9) ORDER REGARDING RELOCATION.--If relocation is |
1084 | permitted: |
1085 | (a) The court may, in its discretion, order contact with |
1086 | the nonrelocating parent, including access, visitation, time- |
1087 | sharing, telephone, Internet, web-cam, and other arrangements |
1088 | sufficient to ensure that the child has frequent, continuing, |
1089 | and meaningful contact, access, visitation, and time-sharing |
1090 | with the nonrelocating parent or other persons, if contact is |
1091 | financially affordable and in the best interest of the child. |
1092 | (b) If applicable, the court shall specify how the |
1093 | transportation costs will be allocated between the parents and |
1094 | other persons entitled to contact, access, visitation, and time- |
1095 | sharing and may adjust the child support award, as appropriate, |
1096 | considering the costs of transportation and the respective net |
1097 | incomes of the parents in accordance with state child support |
1098 | guidelines. |
1099 | (10) PRIORITY FOR HEARING OR TRIAL.--An evidentiary |
1100 | hearing or nonjury trial on a pleading seeking temporary or |
1101 | permanent relief filed under pursuant to this section shall be |
1102 | accorded priority on the court's calendar. |
1103 | (11) APPLICABILITY.-- |
1104 | (a) The provisions of This section applies apply: |
1105 | 1. To orders entered before October 1, 2006, if the |
1106 | existing order defining custody, primary residence, or time- |
1107 | sharing visitation of or with the child does not expressly |
1108 | govern the relocation of the child. |
1109 | 2. To an order, whether temporary or permanent, regarding |
1110 | the parenting plan, custody, primary residence, time-sharing, or |
1111 | visitation of or with the child entered on or after October 1, |
1112 | 2006. |
1113 | 3. To any relocation or proposed relocation, whether |
1114 | permanent or temporary, of a child during any proceeding pending |
1115 | on October 1, 2006, wherein the parenting plan, custody, primary |
1116 | residence, time-sharing, or visitation of or with the child is |
1117 | an issue. |
1118 | (b) To the extent that a provision of this section |
1119 | conflicts with an order existing on October 1, 2006, this |
1120 | section does not apply to the terms of that order which |
1121 | expressly govern relocation of the child or a change in the |
1122 | principal residence address of a parent. |
1123 | Section 9. Paragraph (d) of subsection (3) of section |
1124 | 61.181, Florida Statutes, is amended to read: |
1125 | 61.181 Depository for alimony transactions, support, |
1126 | maintenance, and support payments; fees.-- |
1127 | (3) |
1128 | (d) When time-sharing custody of a child is relinquished |
1129 | by a custodial parent who is entitled to receive child support |
1130 | moneys from the depository to a licensed or registered long-term |
1131 | care child agency, that agency may request from the court an |
1132 | order directing that child support payments that which would |
1133 | otherwise be distributed to the custodial parent be distributed |
1134 | to the agency for the period of time that custody of the child |
1135 | is with by the agency. Thereafter, payments shall be distributed |
1136 | to the agency as if the agency were the custodial parent until |
1137 | further order of the court. |
1138 | Section 10. Subsection (1) of section 61.1827, Florida |
1139 | Statutes, is amended to read: |
1140 | 61.1827 Identifying information concerning applicants for |
1141 | and recipients of child support services.-- |
1142 | (1) Any information that reveals the identity of |
1143 | applicants for or recipients of child support services, |
1144 | including the name, address, and telephone number of such |
1145 | persons, held by a non-Title IV-D county child support |
1146 | enforcement agency is confidential and exempt from s. 119.07(1) |
1147 | and s. 24(a) of Art. I of the State Constitution. The use or |
1148 | disclosure of such information by the non-Title IV-D county |
1149 | child support enforcement agency is limited to the purposes |
1150 | directly connected with: |
1151 | (a) Any investigation, prosecution, or criminal or civil |
1152 | proceeding connected with the administration of any non-Title |
1153 | IV-D county child support enforcement program; |
1154 | (b) Mandatory disclosure of identifying and location |
1155 | information as provided in s. 61.13(7) s. 61.13(8) by the non- |
1156 | Title IV-D county child support enforcement agency when |
1157 | providing non-Title IV-D services; |
1158 | (c) Mandatory disclosure of information as required by ss. |
1159 | 409.2577, 61.181, 61.1825, and 61.1826 and Title IV-D of the |
1160 | Social Security Act; or |
1161 | (d) Disclosure to an authorized person, as defined in 45 |
1162 | C.F.R. s. 303.15, for purposes of enforcing any state or federal |
1163 | law with respect to the unlawful taking or restraint of a child |
1164 | or making or enforcing a parenting plan or a time-sharing |
1165 | schedule child custody or visitation determination. As used in |
1166 | this paragraph, the term "authorized person" includes a |
1167 | noncustodial parent, unless a court has entered an order under |
1168 | s. 741.30, s. 741.31, or s. 784.046. |
1169 | Section 11. Section 61.20, Florida Statutes, is amended to |
1170 | read: |
1171 | 61.20 Social investigation and recommendations when a |
1172 | parenting plan child custody is at in issue.-- |
1173 | (1) In any action where the parenting plan custody of a |
1174 | minor child is at in issue, the court may order a social |
1175 | investigation and study concerning all pertinent details |
1176 | relating to the child and each parent when such an investigation |
1177 | has not been done and the study therefrom provided to the court |
1178 | by the parties or when the court determines that the |
1179 | investigation and study that have been done are insufficient. |
1180 | The agency, staff, or person conducting the investigation and |
1181 | study ordered by the court pursuant to this section shall |
1182 | furnish the court and all parties of record in the proceeding a |
1183 | written study containing recommendations, including a written |
1184 | statement of facts found in the social investigation on which |
1185 | the recommendations are based. The court may consider the |
1186 | information contained in the study in making a decision on the |
1187 | parenting plan, child's custody and the technical rules of |
1188 | evidence do not exclude the study from consideration. |
1189 | (2) A social investigation and study, when ordered by the |
1190 | court, shall be conducted by qualified staff of the court; a |
1191 | child-placing agency licensed pursuant to s. 409.175; a |
1192 | psychologist licensed pursuant to chapter 490; or a clinical |
1193 | social worker, marriage and family therapist, or mental health |
1194 | counselor licensed pursuant to chapter 491. If a certification |
1195 | of indigence based on an affidavit filed with the court pursuant |
1196 | to s. 57.081 is provided by an adult party to the proceeding and |
1197 | the court does not have qualified staff to perform the |
1198 | investigation and study, the court may request that the |
1199 | Department of Children and Family Services conduct the |
1200 | investigation and study. |
1201 | (3) Except as to persons who obtain certification of |
1202 | indigence as specified in subsection (2), for whom no costs |
1203 | shall be incurred, the adult parties involved in a child custody |
1204 | proceeding to determine a parenting plan wherein the court has |
1205 | ordered the performance of a social investigation and study |
1206 | performed shall be responsible for the payment of the costs of |
1207 | such investigation and study. Upon submission of the study to |
1208 | the court, the agency, staff, or person performing the study |
1209 | shall include a bill for services, which shall be taxed and |
1210 | ordered paid as costs in the proceeding. |
1211 | Section 12. Paragraph (c) of subsection (1) and subsection |
1212 | (6) of section 61.21, Florida Statutes, are amended to read: |
1213 | 61.21 Parenting course authorized; fees; required |
1214 | attendance authorized; contempt.-- |
1215 | (1) LEGISLATIVE FINDINGS; PURPOSE.--It is the finding of |
1216 | the Legislature that: |
1217 | (c) It has been found to be beneficial to parents who are |
1218 | separating or divorcing to have available an educational program |
1219 | that will provide general information regarding: |
1220 | 1. The issues and legal procedures for resolving time- |
1221 | sharing custody and child support disputes. |
1222 | 2. The emotional experiences and problems of divorcing |
1223 | adults. |
1224 | 3. The family problems and the emotional concerns and |
1225 | needs of the children. |
1226 | 4. The availability of community services and resources. |
1227 | (6) All parties to a modification of a final judgment |
1228 | involving a parenting plan or a time-sharing schedule shared |
1229 | parental responsibilities, custody, or visitation may be |
1230 | required to complete a court-approved parenting course prior to |
1231 | the entry of an order modifying the final judgment. |
1232 | Section 13. Paragraph (a) of subsection (1), paragraph (b) |
1233 | of subsection (2), and subsections (7), (8), (11), and (17) of |
1234 | section 61.30, Florida Statutes, are amended to read: |
1235 | 61.30 Child support guidelines; retroactive child |
1236 | support.-- |
1237 | (1)(a) The child support guideline amount as determined by |
1238 | this section presumptively establishes the amount the trier of |
1239 | fact shall order as child support in an initial proceeding for |
1240 | such support or in a proceeding for modification of an existing |
1241 | order for such support, whether the proceeding arises under this |
1242 | or another chapter. The trier of fact may order payment of |
1243 | child support which varies, plus or minus 5 percent, from the |
1244 | guideline amount, after considering all relevant factors, |
1245 | including the needs of the child or children, age, station in |
1246 | life, standard of living, and the financial status and ability |
1247 | of each parent. The trier of fact may order payment of child |
1248 | support in an amount which varies more than 5 percent from such |
1249 | guideline amount only upon a written finding explaining why |
1250 | ordering payment of such guideline amount would be unjust or |
1251 | inappropriate. Notwithstanding the variance limitations of this |
1252 | section, the trier of fact shall order payment of child support |
1253 | which varies from the guideline amount as provided in paragraph |
1254 | (11)(b) whenever any of the children are required by court order |
1255 | or mediation agreement to spend a substantial amount of time |
1256 | with both the primary and secondary residential parents. This |
1257 | requirement applies to any living arrangement, whether temporary |
1258 | or permanent. |
1259 | (2) Income shall be determined on a monthly basis for the |
1260 | obligor and for the obligee as follows: |
1261 | (b) Income on a monthly basis shall be imputed to an |
1262 | unemployed or underemployed parent when such employment or |
1263 | underemployment is found to be voluntary on that parent's part, |
1264 | absent physical or mental incapacity or other circumstances over |
1265 | which the parent has no control. In the event of such voluntary |
1266 | unemployment or underemployment, the employment potential and |
1267 | probable earnings level of the parent shall be determined based |
1268 | upon his or her recent work history, occupational |
1269 | qualifications, and prevailing earnings level in the community; |
1270 | however, the court may refuse to impute income to a primary |
1271 | residential parent if the court finds it necessary for the |
1272 | parent to stay home with the child. |
1273 | (7) Child care costs incurred on behalf of the children |
1274 | due to employment, job search, or education calculated to result |
1275 | in employment or to enhance income of current employment of |
1276 | either parent shall be reduced by 25 percent and then shall be |
1277 | added to the basic obligation. After the adjusted child care |
1278 | costs are added to the basic obligation, any moneys prepaid by |
1279 | one the noncustodial parent for child care costs for the child |
1280 | or children of this action shall be deducted from that |
1281 | noncustodial parent's child support obligation for that child or |
1282 | those children. Child care costs may shall not exceed the level |
1283 | required to provide quality care from a licensed source for the |
1284 | children. |
1285 | (8) Health insurance costs resulting from coverage ordered |
1286 | pursuant to s. 61.13(1)(b), and any noncovered medical, dental, |
1287 | and prescription medication expenses of the child, shall be |
1288 | added to the basic obligation unless these expenses have been |
1289 | ordered to be separately paid on a percentage basis. After the |
1290 | health insurance costs are added to the basic obligation, any |
1291 | moneys prepaid by the noncustodial parent for health-related |
1292 | costs for the child or children of this action shall be deducted |
1293 | from that noncustodial parent's child support obligation for |
1294 | that child or those children. |
1295 | (11)(a) The court may adjust the minimum child support |
1296 | award, or either or both parents' share of the minimum child |
1297 | support award, based upon the following considerations: |
1298 | 1. Extraordinary medical, psychological, educational, or |
1299 | dental expenses. |
1300 | 2. Independent income of the child, not to include moneys |
1301 | received by a child from supplemental security income. |
1302 | 3. The payment of support for a parent which regularly has |
1303 | been paid and for which there is a demonstrated need. |
1304 | 4. Seasonal variations in one or both parents' incomes or |
1305 | expenses. |
1306 | 5. The age of the child, taking into account the greater |
1307 | needs of older children. |
1308 | 6. Special needs, such as costs that may be associated |
1309 | with the disability of a child, that have traditionally been met |
1310 | within the family budget even though the fulfilling of those |
1311 | needs will cause the support to exceed the proposed guidelines. |
1312 | 7. Total available assets of the obligee, obligor, and the |
1313 | child. |
1314 | 8. The impact of the Internal Revenue Service dependency |
1315 | exemption and waiver of that exemption. The court may order one |
1316 | the primary residential parent to execute a waiver of the |
1317 | Internal Revenue Service dependency exemption if the paying |
1318 | noncustodial parent is current in support payments. |
1319 | 9. When application of the child support guidelines |
1320 | requires a person to pay another person more than 55 percent of |
1321 | his or her gross income for a child support obligation for |
1322 | current support resulting from a single support order. |
1323 | 10. The particular parenting plan and time-sharing shared |
1324 | parental arrangement, such as where the child spends a |
1325 | significant amount of time, but less than 40 percent of the |
1326 | overnights, with one the noncustodial parent, thereby reducing |
1327 | the financial expenditures incurred by the other primary |
1328 | residential parent; or the refusal of a the noncustodial parent |
1329 | to become involved in the activities of the child. |
1330 | 11. Any other adjustment which is needed to achieve an |
1331 | equitable result which may include, but not be limited to, a |
1332 | reasonable and necessary existing expense or debt. Such expense |
1333 | or debt may include, but is not limited to, a reasonable and |
1334 | necessary expense or debt which the parties jointly incurred |
1335 | during the marriage. |
1336 | (b) Whenever a particular time-sharing shared parental |
1337 | arrangement provides that each child spend a substantial amount |
1338 | of time with each parent, the court shall adjust any award of |
1339 | child support, as follows: |
1340 | 1. In accordance with subsections (9) and (10), calculate |
1341 | the amount of support obligation apportioned to each the |
1342 | noncustodial parent without including day care and health |
1343 | insurance costs in the calculation and multiply the amount by |
1344 | 1.5. |
1345 | 2. In accordance with subsections (9) and (10), calculate |
1346 | the amount of support obligation apportioned to the custodial |
1347 | parent without including day care and health insurance costs in |
1348 | the calculation and multiply the amount by 1.5. |
1349 | 2.3. Calculate the percentage of overnight stays the child |
1350 | spends with each parent. |
1351 | 3.4. Multiply each the noncustodial parent's support |
1352 | obligation as calculated in subparagraph 1. by the percentage of |
1353 | the custodial parent's overnight stays with the child as |
1354 | calculated in subparagraph 2. 3. |
1355 | 5. Multiply the custodial parent's support obligation as |
1356 | calculated in subparagraph 2. by the percentage of the |
1357 | noncustodial parent's overnight stays with the child as |
1358 | calculated in subparagraph 3. |
1359 | 4.6. The difference between the amounts calculated in |
1360 | subparagraphs 3. 4. and 4. 5. shall be the monetary transfer |
1361 | necessary between the custodial and noncustodial parents for the |
1362 | care of the child, subject to an adjustment for day care and |
1363 | health insurance expenses. |
1364 | 5.7. Pursuant to subsections (7) and (8), calculate the |
1365 | net amounts owed by the custodial and noncustodial parents for |
1366 | the expenses incurred for day care and health insurance coverage |
1367 | for the child. Day care shall be calculated without regard to |
1368 | the 25-percent reduction applied by subsection (7). |
1369 | 6.8. Adjust the support obligation owed by the custodial |
1370 | or noncustodial parent pursuant to subparagraph 4. 6. by |
1371 | crediting or debiting the amount calculated in subparagraph 5. |
1372 | 7. This amount represents the child support which must be |
1373 | exchanged between the custodial and noncustodial parents. |
1374 | 7.9. The court may deviate from the child support amount |
1375 | calculated pursuant to subparagraph 6. 8. based upon the |
1376 | considerations set forth in paragraph (a), as well as either the |
1377 | custodial parent's low income and ability to maintain the basic |
1378 | necessities of the home for the child, the likelihood that |
1379 | either the noncustodial parent will actually exercise the time- |
1380 | sharing visitation granted by the court, and whether all of the |
1381 | children are exercising the same time-sharing shared parental |
1382 | arrangement. |
1383 | 8.10. For purposes of adjusting any award of child support |
1384 | under this paragraph, "substantial amount of time" means that |
1385 | the parents divide time with the child on at least a 60-percent |
1386 | to 40-percent division noncustodial parent exercises visitation |
1387 | at least 40 percent of the overnights of the year. |
1388 | (c) A noncustodial parent's failure to regularly exercise |
1389 | court-ordered or agreed time-sharing visitation not caused by |
1390 | the other custodial parent which resulted in the adjustment of |
1391 | the amount of child support pursuant to subparagraph (a)10. or |
1392 | paragraph (b) shall be deemed a substantial change of |
1393 | circumstances for purposes of modifying the child support award. |
1394 | A modification pursuant to this paragraph is shall be |
1395 | retroactive to the date the noncustodial parent first failed to |
1396 | regularly exercise court-ordered or agreed time-sharing |
1397 | visitation. |
1398 | (17) In an initial determination of child support, whether |
1399 | in a paternity action, dissolution of marriage action, or |
1400 | petition for support during the marriage, the court has |
1401 | discretion to award child support retroactive to the date when |
1402 | the parents did not reside together in the same household with |
1403 | the child, not to exceed a period of 24 months preceding the |
1404 | filing of the petition, regardless of whether that date precedes |
1405 | the filing of the petition. In determining the retroactive award |
1406 | in such cases, the court shall consider the following: |
1407 | (a) The court shall apply the guidelines in effect at the |
1408 | time of the hearing subject to the obligor's demonstration of |
1409 | his or her actual income, as defined by subsection (2), during |
1410 | the retroactive period. Failure of the obligor to so |
1411 | demonstrate shall result in the court using the obligor's income |
1412 | at the time of the hearing in computing child support for the |
1413 | retroactive period. |
1414 | (b) The court shall consider the time-sharing arrangement |
1415 | exercised by the parents during the separation period in |
1416 | determining the appropriate percentage of overnights exercised |
1417 | by each parent so as to apply the substantial time-sharing |
1418 | method of calculating support according to paragraph (11)(b), if |
1419 | appropriate. |
1420 | (c)(b) All actual payments made by one the noncustodial |
1421 | parent to the other custodial parent or the child or third |
1422 | parties for the benefit of the child throughout the proposed |
1423 | retroactive period. |
1424 | (d)(c) The court should consider an installment payment |
1425 | plan for the payment of retroactive child support. |
1426 | Section 14. Section 61.401, Florida Statutes, is amended |
1427 | to read: |
1428 | 61.401 Appointment of guardian ad litem.--In an action |
1429 | involving a parenting plan or a time-sharing schedule for |
1430 | dissolution of marriage, modification, parental responsibility, |
1431 | custody, or visitation, if the court finds it is in the best |
1432 | interest of the child, the court may appoint a guardian ad litem |
1433 | to act as next friend of the child, investigator, or evaluator, |
1434 | not as attorney or advocate. The court in its discretion may |
1435 | also appoint legal counsel for a child to act as attorney or |
1436 | advocate; however, the guardian and the legal counsel shall not |
1437 | be the same person. In such actions which involve an allegation |
1438 | of child abuse, abandonment, or neglect as defined in s. 39.01, |
1439 | which allegation is verified and determined by the court to be |
1440 | well-founded, the court shall appoint a guardian ad litem for |
1441 | the child. The guardian ad litem shall be a party to any |
1442 | judicial proceeding from the date of the appointment until the |
1443 | date of discharge. |
1444 | Section 15. Section 61.45, Florida Statutes, is amended to |
1445 | read: |
1446 | 61.45 Court-ordered parenting plan Court order of |
1447 | visitation or custody; risk of violation; bond.-- |
1448 | (1) In a proceeding in which the court enters a parenting |
1449 | plan, including a time-sharing schedule an order of child |
1450 | custody or visitation, including in a modification proceeding, |
1451 | upon the presentation of competent substantial evidence that |
1452 | there is a risk that one party may violate the court's parenting |
1453 | plan order of visitation or custody by removing a child from |
1454 | this state or country or by concealing the whereabouts of a |
1455 | child, or upon stipulation of the parties, the court may: |
1456 | (a) Order that a parent may not remove the child from this |
1457 | state without the notarized written permission of both parents |
1458 | or further court order; |
1459 | (b) Order that a parent may not remove the child from this |
1460 | country without the notarized written permission of both parents |
1461 | or further court order; |
1462 | (c) Order that a parent may not take the child to a |
1463 | country that has not ratified or acceded to the Hague |
1464 | Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction |
1465 | unless the other parent agrees in writing that the child may be |
1466 | taken to the country; |
1467 | (d) Require a parent to surrender the passport of the |
1468 | child; or |
1469 | (e) Require that party to post bond or other security. |
1470 | (2) If the court enters a parenting plan an order of child |
1471 | custody or visitation, including in a modification proceeding, |
1472 | that includes a provision entered under paragraph (1)(b) or |
1473 | paragraph (1)(c), a certified copy of the order should be sent |
1474 | by the parent who requested the restriction to the Passport |
1475 | Services Office of the United States Department of State |
1476 | requesting that they not issue a passport to the child without |
1477 | their signature or further court order. |
1478 | (3) In assessing the need for a bond or other security, |
1479 | the court may consider any reasonable factor bearing upon the |
1480 | risk that a party may violate a parenting plan visitation or |
1481 | custody order by removing a child from this state or country or |
1482 | by concealing the whereabouts of a child, including but not |
1483 | limited to whether: |
1484 | (a) A court has previously found that a party previously |
1485 | removed a child from Florida or another state in violation of a |
1486 | parenting plan custody or visitation order, or whether a court |
1487 | had found that a party has threatened to take a child out of |
1488 | Florida or another state in violation of a parenting plan |
1489 | custody or visitation order; |
1490 | (b) The party has strong family and community ties to |
1491 | Florida or to other states or countries, including whether the |
1492 | party or child is a citizen of another country; |
1493 | (c) The party has strong financial reasons to remain in |
1494 | Florida or to relocate to another state or country; |
1495 | (d) The party has engaged in activities that suggest plans |
1496 | to leave Florida, such as quitting employment; sale of a |
1497 | residence or termination of a lease on a residence, without |
1498 | efforts to acquire an alternative residence in the state; |
1499 | closing bank accounts or otherwise liquidating assets; or |
1500 | applying for a passport; |
1501 | (e) Either party has had a history of domestic violence as |
1502 | either a victim or perpetrator, child abuse or child neglect |
1503 | evidenced by criminal history, including but not limited to, |
1504 | arrest, an injunction for protection against domestic violence |
1505 | issued after notice and hearing under s. 741.30, medical |
1506 | records, affidavits, or any other relevant information; or |
1507 | (f) The party has a criminal record. |
1508 | (4) The court must consider the party's financial |
1509 | resources prior to setting the bond amount under this section. |
1510 | Under no circumstances may the court set a bond that is |
1511 | unreasonable. |
1512 | (5) Any deficiency of bond or security shall not absolve |
1513 | the violating party of responsibility to pay the full amount of |
1514 | damages determined by the court. |
1515 | (6)(a) Upon a material violation of any time-sharing plan |
1516 | custody or visitation order by removing a child from this state |
1517 | or this country or by concealing the whereabouts of a child, the |
1518 | court may order the bond or other security forfeited in whole or |
1519 | in part. |
1520 | (b) This section, including the requirement to post a bond |
1521 | or other security, does not apply to a parent who, in a |
1522 | proceeding to order or modify a parenting plan or time-sharing |
1523 | schedule, is determined by the court to be child custody or |
1524 | visitation, the court determines is a victim of an act of |
1525 | domestic violence or provides the court with has reasonable |
1526 | cause to believe that he or she is about to become the victim of |
1527 | an act of domestic violence, as defined in s. 741.28. An |
1528 | injunction for protection against domestic violence issued |
1529 | pursuant to s. 741.30 for a parent as the petitioner which is in |
1530 | effect at the time of the court proceeding shall be one means of |
1531 | demonstrating sufficient evidence that the parent is a victim of |
1532 | domestic violence or is about to become the victim of an act of |
1533 | domestic violence, as defined in s. 741.28, and shall exempt the |
1534 | parent from this section, including the requirement to post a |
1535 | bond or other security. A parent who is determined by the court |
1536 | to be exempt from the requirements of this section must meet the |
1537 | requirements of s. 787.03(6) if an offense of interference with |
1538 | the parenting plan or time-sharing schedule custody is |
1539 | committed. |
1540 | (7)(a) Upon an order of forfeiture, the proceeds of any |
1541 | bond or other security posted pursuant to this subsection may |
1542 | only be used to: |
1543 | 1. Reimburse the nonviolating party for actual costs or |
1544 | damages incurred in upholding the court's parenting plan order |
1545 | of custody or visitation. |
1546 | 2. Locate and return the child to the residence as set |
1547 | forth in the parenting plan visitation or custody order. |
1548 | 3. Reimburse reasonable fees and costs as determined by |
1549 | the court. |
1550 | (b) Any remaining proceeds shall be held as further |
1551 | security if deemed necessary by the court, and if further |
1552 | security is not found to be necessary; applied to any child |
1553 | support arrears owed by the parent against whom the bond was |
1554 | required, and if no arrears exists; all remaining proceeds will |
1555 | be allocated by the court in the best interest of the child. |
1556 | (8) At any time after the forfeiture of the bond or other |
1557 | security, the party who posted the bond or other security, or |
1558 | the court on its own motion may request that the party provide |
1559 | documentation substantiating that the proceeds received as a |
1560 | result of the forfeiture have been used solely in accordance |
1561 | with this subsection. Any party using such proceeds for |
1562 | purposes not in accordance with this section may be found in |
1563 | contempt of court. |
1564 | Section 16. Paragraphs (b) and (c) of subsection (3) of |
1565 | section 741.0306, Florida Statutes, are amended to read: |
1566 | 741.0306 Creation of a family law handbook.-- |
1567 | (3) The information contained in the handbook or other |
1568 | electronic media presentation may be reviewed and updated |
1569 | annually, and may include, but need not be limited to: |
1570 | (b) Shared parental responsibility for children and; the |
1571 | determination of a parenting plan, including a time-sharing |
1572 | schedule primary residence or custody and secondary residence or |
1573 | routine visitation, holiday, summer, and vacation visitation |
1574 | arrangements, telephone access, and the process for notice for |
1575 | changes. |
1576 | (c) Permanent relocation restrictions on parents with |
1577 | primary residential responsibility. |
1578 | Section 17. Paragraphs (b) and (d) of subsection (3), |
1579 | paragraph (a) of subsection (5), and paragraph (a) of subsection |
1580 | (6) of section 741.30, Florida Statutes, are amended to read: |
1581 | 741.30 Domestic violence; injunction; powers and duties of |
1582 | court and clerk; petition; notice and hearing; temporary |
1583 | injunction; issuance of injunction; statewide verification |
1584 | system; enforcement.-- |
1585 | (3) |
1586 | (b) The sworn petition shall be in substantially the |
1587 | following form: |
1588 | PETITION FOR |
1589 | INJUNCTION FOR PROTECTION |
1590 | AGAINST DOMESTIC VIOLENCE |
1591 |
|
1592 | Before me, the undersigned authority, personally appeared |
1593 | Petitioner (Name) , who has been sworn and says that the |
1594 | following statements are true: |
1595 | (a) Petitioner resides at: (address) |
1596 | (Petitioner may furnish address to the court in a separate |
1597 | confidential filing if, for safety reasons, the petitioner |
1598 | requires the location of the current residence to be |
1599 | confidential.) |
1600 | (b) Respondent resides at: (last known address) |
1601 | (c) Respondent's last known place of employment: (name |
1602 | of business and address) |
1603 | (d) Physical description of respondent: _____ |
1604 | Race_____ |
1605 | Sex_____ |
1606 | Date of birth_____ |
1607 | Height_____ |
1608 | Weight_____ |
1609 | Eye color_____ |
1610 | Hair color_____ |
1611 | Distinguishing marks or scars_____ |
1612 | (e) Aliases of respondent: _____ |
1613 | (f) Respondent is the spouse or former spouse of the |
1614 | petitioner or is any other person related by blood or marriage |
1615 | to the petitioner or is any other person who is or was residing |
1616 | within a single dwelling unit with the petitioner, as if a |
1617 | family, or is a person with whom the petitioner has a child in |
1618 | common, regardless of whether the petitioner and respondent are |
1619 | or were married or residing together, as if a family. |
1620 | (g) The following describes any other cause of action |
1621 | currently pending between the petitioner and respondent: |
1622 |
|
1623 | The petitioner should also describe any previous or pending |
1624 | attempts by the petitioner to obtain an injunction for |
1625 | protection against domestic violence in this or any other |
1626 | circuit, and the results of that attempt |
1627 |
|
1628 | Case numbers should be included if available. |
1629 | (h) Petitioner is either a victim of domestic violence or |
1630 | has reasonable cause to believe he or she is in imminent danger |
1631 | of becoming a victim of domestic violence because respondent has |
1632 | _____(mark all sections that apply and describe in the spaces |
1633 | below the incidents of violence or threats of violence, |
1634 | specifying when and where they occurred, including, but not |
1635 | limited to, locations such as a home, school, place of |
1636 | employment, or visitation exchange)_____: |
1637 | _____committed or threatened to commit domestic violence |
1638 | defined in s. 741.28, Florida Statutes, as any assault, |
1639 | aggravated assault, battery, aggravated battery, sexual assault, |
1640 | sexual battery, stalking, aggravated stalking, kidnapping, false |
1641 | imprisonment, or any criminal offense resulting in physical |
1642 | injury or death of one family or household member by another. |
1643 | With the exception of persons who are parents of a child in |
1644 | common, the family or household members must be currently |
1645 | residing or have in the past resided together in the same single |
1646 | dwelling unit. |
1647 | _____previously threatened, harassed, stalked, or |
1648 | physically abused the petitioner. |
1649 | _____attempted to harm the petitioner or family members or |
1650 | individuals closely associated with the petitioner. |
1651 | _____threatened to conceal, kidnap, or harm the |
1652 | petitioner's child or children. |
1653 | _____intentionally injured or killed a family pet. |
1654 | _____used, or has threatened to use, against the petitioner |
1655 | any weapons such as guns or knives. |
1656 | _____physically restrained the petitioner from leaving the |
1657 | home or calling law enforcement. |
1658 | _____a criminal history involving violence or the threat of |
1659 | violence (if known). |
1660 | _____another order of protection issued against him or her |
1661 | previously or from another jurisdiction (if known). |
1662 | _____destroyed personal property, including, but not |
1663 | limited to, telephones or other communication equipment, |
1664 | clothing, or other items belonging to the petitioner. |
1665 | _____engaged in any other behavior or conduct that leads |
1666 | the petitioner to have reasonable cause to believe he or she is |
1667 | in imminent danger of becoming a victim of domestic violence. |
1668 | (i) Petitioner alleges the following additional specific |
1669 | facts: (mark appropriate sections) |
1670 | _____A minor child or minor children reside with the |
1671 | petitioner is the custodian of a minor child or children whose |
1672 | names and ages are as follows: |
1673 |
|
1674 | _____Petitioner needs the exclusive use and possession of |
1675 | the dwelling that the parties share. |
1676 | _____Petitioner is unable to obtain safe alternative |
1677 | housing because: |
1678 | _____Petitioner genuinely fears that respondent imminently |
1679 | will abuse, remove, or hide the minor child or children from |
1680 | petitioner because: |
1681 |
|
1682 | (j) Petitioner genuinely fears imminent domestic violence |
1683 | by respondent. |
1684 | (k) Petitioner seeks an injunction: (mark appropriate |
1685 | section or sections) |
1686 | _____Immediately restraining the respondent from committing |
1687 | any acts of domestic violence. |
1688 | _____Restraining the respondent from committing any acts of |
1689 | domestic violence. |
1690 | _____Awarding to the petitioner the temporary exclusive use |
1691 | and possession of the dwelling that the parties share or |
1692 | excluding the respondent from the residence of the petitioner. |
1693 | _____Providing a temporary parenting plan, including a |
1694 | temporary time-sharing schedule, Awarding temporary custody of, |
1695 | or temporary visitation rights with regard to, the minor child |
1696 | or children of the parties which might involve, or prohibiting |
1697 | or limiting time-sharing or requiring that it be visitation to |
1698 | that which is supervised by a third party. |
1699 | _____Establishing temporary support for the minor child or |
1700 | children or the petitioner. |
1701 | _____Directing the respondent to participate in a |
1702 | batterers' intervention program or other treatment pursuant to |
1703 | s. 39.901, Florida Statutes. |
1704 | _____Providing any terms the court deems necessary for the |
1705 | protection of a victim of domestic violence, or any minor |
1706 | children of the victim, including any injunctions or directives |
1707 | to law enforcement agencies. |
1708 | (d) If the sworn petition seeks to determine a parenting |
1709 | plan and time-sharing schedule issues of custody or visitation |
1710 | with regard to the minor child or children of the parties, the |
1711 | sworn petition shall be accompanied by or shall incorporate the |
1712 | allegations required by s. 61.522 of the Uniform Child Custody |
1713 | Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act. |
1714 | (5)(a) When it appears to the court that an immediate and |
1715 | present danger of domestic violence exists, the court may grant |
1716 | a temporary injunction ex parte, pending a full hearing, and may |
1717 | grant such relief as the court deems proper, including an |
1718 | injunction: |
1719 | 1. Restraining the respondent from committing any acts of |
1720 | domestic violence. |
1721 | 2. Awarding to the petitioner the temporary exclusive use |
1722 | and possession of the dwelling that the parties share or |
1723 | excluding the respondent from the residence of the petitioner. |
1724 | 3. On the same basis as provided in s. 61.13, providing |
1725 | the petitioner with 100 percent of the time-sharing that shall |
1726 | remain granting to the petitioner temporary custody of a minor |
1727 | child. An order of temporary custody remains in effect until the |
1728 | order expires or an order is entered by a court of competent |
1729 | jurisdiction in a pending or subsequent civil action or |
1730 | proceeding affecting the placement of, access to, parental time |
1731 | with, adoption of, or parental rights and responsibilities for |
1732 | the minor child. |
1733 | (6)(a) Upon notice and hearing, when it appears to the |
1734 | court that the petitioner is either the victim of domestic |
1735 | violence as defined by s. 741.28 or has reasonable cause to |
1736 | believe he or she is in imminent danger of becoming a victim of |
1737 | domestic violence, the court may grant such relief as the court |
1738 | deems proper, including an injunction: |
1739 | 1. Restraining the respondent from committing any acts of |
1740 | domestic violence. |
1741 | 2. Awarding to the petitioner the exclusive use and |
1742 | possession of the dwelling that the parties share or excluding |
1743 | the respondent from the residence of the petitioner. |
1744 | 3. On the same basis as provided in chapter 61, providing |
1745 | the petitioner with 100 percent of the time-sharing in a |
1746 | temporary parenting plan that shall remain awarding temporary |
1747 | custody of, or temporary visitation rights with regard to, a |
1748 | minor child or children of the parties. An order of temporary |
1749 | custody or visitation remains in effect until the order expires |
1750 | or an order is entered by a court of competent jurisdiction in a |
1751 | pending or subsequent civil action or proceeding affecting the |
1752 | placement of, access to, parental time with, adoption of, or |
1753 | parental rights and responsibilities for the minor child. |
1754 | 4. On the same basis as provided in chapter 61, |
1755 | establishing temporary support for a minor child or children or |
1756 | the petitioner. An order of temporary support remains in effect |
1757 | until the order expires or an order is entered by a court of |
1758 | competent jurisdiction in a pending or subsequent civil action |
1759 | or proceeding affecting child support. |
1760 | 5. Ordering the respondent to participate in treatment, |
1761 | intervention, or counseling services to be paid for by the |
1762 | respondent. When the court orders the respondent to participate |
1763 | in a batterers' intervention program, the court, or any entity |
1764 | designated by the court, must provide the respondent with a list |
1765 | of all certified batterers' intervention programs and all |
1766 | programs which have submitted an application to the Department |
1767 | of Children and Family Services to become certified under s. |
1768 | 741.32, from which the respondent must choose a program in which |
1769 | to participate. If there are no certified batterers' |
1770 | intervention programs in the circuit, the court shall provide a |
1771 | list of acceptable programs from which the respondent must |
1772 | choose a program in which to participate. |
1773 | 6. Referring a petitioner to a certified domestic violence |
1774 | center. The court must provide the petitioner with a list of |
1775 | certified domestic violence centers in the circuit which the |
1776 | petitioner may contact. |
1777 | 7. Ordering such other relief as the court deems necessary |
1778 | for the protection of a victim of domestic violence, including |
1779 | injunctions or directives to law enforcement agencies, as |
1780 | provided in this section. |
1781 | Section 18. Subsections (1) and (2) of section 742.031, |
1782 | Florida Statutes, are amended to read: |
1783 | 742.031 Hearings; court orders for support, hospital |
1784 | expenses, and attorney's fee.-- |
1785 | (1) Hearings for the purpose of establishing or refuting |
1786 | the allegations of the complaint and answer shall be held in the |
1787 | chambers and may be restricted to persons, in addition to the |
1788 | parties involved and their counsel, as the judge in his or her |
1789 | discretion may direct. The court shall determine the issues of |
1790 | paternity of the child and the ability of the parents to support |
1791 | the child. Each party's social security number shall be |
1792 | recorded in the file containing the adjudication of paternity. |
1793 | If the court finds that the alleged father is the father of the |
1794 | child, it shall so order. If appropriate, the court shall order |
1795 | the father to pay the complainant, her guardian, or any other |
1796 | person assuming responsibility for the child moneys sufficient |
1797 | to pay reasonable attorney's fees, hospital or medical expenses, |
1798 | cost of confinement, and any other expenses incident to the |
1799 | birth of the child and to pay all costs of the proceeding. |
1800 | Bills for pregnancy, childbirth, and scientific testing are |
1801 | admissible as evidence without requiring third-party foundation |
1802 | testimony, and shall constitute prima facie evidence of amounts |
1803 | incurred for such services or for testing on behalf of the |
1804 | child. The court shall order either or both parents owing a |
1805 | duty of support to the child to pay support pursuant to s. |
1806 | 61.30. The court shall issue, upon motion by a party, a |
1807 | temporary order requiring the provision of child support |
1808 | pursuant to s. 61.30 pending an administrative or judicial |
1809 | determination of parentage, if there is clear and convincing |
1810 | evidence of paternity on the basis of genetic tests or other |
1811 | evidence. The court may also make a determination of an |
1812 | appropriate parenting plan, including a time-sharing schedule, |
1813 | as to the parental responsibility and residential care and |
1814 | custody of the minor children in accordance with chapter 61. |
1815 | (2) If a judgment of paternity contains only a child |
1816 | support award with no parenting plan or time-sharing schedule, |
1817 | the obligee parent shall receive all of the time-sharing and |
1818 | sole parental responsibility no explicit award of custody, the |
1819 | establishment of a support obligation or of visitation rights in |
1820 | one parent shall be considered a judgment granting primary |
1821 | residential care and custody to the other parent without |
1822 | prejudice to the obligor parent. If a paternity judgment |
1823 | contains no such provisions, custody shall be presumed to be |
1824 | with the mother shall be presumed to have all of the time- |
1825 | sharing and sole parental responsibility. |
1826 | Section 19. For the purpose of incorporating the |
1827 | amendments made by this act to section 741.30, Florida Statutes, |
1828 | in a reference thereto, paragraph (a) of subsection (3) of |
1829 | section 61.1825, Florida Statutes, is reenacted to read: |
1830 | 61.1825 State Case Registry.-- |
1831 | (3)(a) For the purpose of this section, a family violence |
1832 | indicator must be placed on a record when: |
1833 | 1. A party executes a sworn statement requesting that a |
1834 | family violence indicator be placed on that party's record which |
1835 | states that the party has reason to believe that release of |
1836 | information to the Federal Case Registry may result in physical |
1837 | or emotional harm to the party or the child; or |
1838 | 2. A temporary or final injunction for protection against |
1839 | domestic violence has been granted pursuant to s. 741.30(6), an |
1840 | injunction for protection against domestic violence has been |
1841 | issued by a court of a foreign state pursuant to s. 741.315, or |
1842 | a temporary or final injunction for protection against repeat |
1843 | violence has been granted pursuant to s. 784.046; or |
1844 | 3. The department has received information on a Title IV-D |
1845 | case from the Domestic Violence and Repeat Violence Injunction |
1846 | Statewide Verification System, established pursuant to s. |
1847 | 784.046(8)(b), that a court has granted a party a domestic |
1848 | violence or repeat violence injunction. |
1849 | Section 20. Section 61.121, Florida Statutes, is repealed. |
1850 | Section 21. This act shall take effect July 1, 2007. |