1 | A bill to be entitled |
2 | An act relating to just valuation of property; amending s. |
3 | 193.011, F.S.; specifying prohibited conditions precedent |
4 | to use of present cash value of property as a just |
5 | valuation factor; revising the condition of property just |
6 | valuation factor; requiring property appraisers to use |
7 | only the income factor in arriving at just value of |
8 | certain income-producing properties; creating s. 193.018, |
9 | F.S.; authorizing owners of certain properties to enter |
10 | into deed-restriction agreements with counties for certain |
11 | purposes; requiring property appraisers to consider deed- |
12 | restriction agreements in determining just value; |
13 | providing for payment of back taxes plus interest if the |
14 | deed-restriction agreement is terminated early; amending |
15 | s. 194.011, F.S.; requiring property appraisers to |
16 | establish receipt of disputed receipt of assessment |
17 | notices; revising provisions relating to provision of |
18 | evidence by petitioners and property appraisers; amending |
19 | s. 194.013, F.S.; requiring value adjustment boards to |
20 | waive a petition filing fee for taxpayers eligible for |
21 | certain constitutional exemptions; amending s. 194.015, |
22 | F.S.; revising the membership of value adjustment boards, |
23 | appointment criteria, and quorum requirements; amending s. |
24 | 194.032, F.S.; providing for criteria for rescheduling |
25 | certain hearings under certain circumstances; amending s. |
26 | 194.034, F.S.; requiring value adjustment boards to order |
27 | refund of certain filing fees if a determination of a |
28 | property appraiser is overturned; amending s. 194.192, |
29 | F.S.; providing for judgments against property appraisers |
30 | under certain circumstances; providing for assessment and |
31 | award of attorney fees to taxpayers under certain |
32 | circumstances; amending s. 194.301, F.S.; requiring |
33 | property appraisers to provide evidence of correctness of |
34 | assessments in certain actions; deleting provisions |
35 | providing a presumption of correctness of property |
36 | appraiser's assessments and imposing requirements on |
37 | taxpayers to prove assessments excessive; providing an |
38 | effective date. |
39 |
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40 | Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Florida: |
41 |
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42 | Section 1. Effective upon this act becoming a law and |
43 | applicable to assessments beginning January 1, 2008, section |
44 | 193.011, Florida Statutes, is amended to read: |
45 | 193.011 Factors to consider in deriving just valuation.-- |
46 | (1) In arriving at just valuation as required under s. 4, |
47 | Art. VII of the State Constitution, the property appraiser shall |
48 | take into consideration the following factors: |
49 | (a)(1) The present cash value of the property, which is |
50 | the amount a willing purchaser would pay a willing seller, |
51 | exclusive of reasonable fees and costs of purchase including |
52 | costs of removal of tangible personal property, in cash or the |
53 | immediate equivalent thereof in a transaction at arm's length, |
54 | which does not require as a condition precedent to the proposed |
55 | use of the property: |
56 | 1. The granting of a variance from existing zoning; |
57 | 2. A change in zoning; |
58 | 3. Relief from any existing local ordinance or regulation; |
59 | 4. Relief from any judicial limitation; or |
60 | 5. The permitting of the intended use of the property by |
61 | the state or any state agency, local or regional agency, local |
62 | or regional government, or taxing authority; |
63 | (b)(2) The highest and best use to which the property can |
64 | be expected to be put in the immediate future, which does not |
65 | require satisfaction of any of the conditions precedent |
66 | enumerated in paragraph (a), and the present use of the |
67 | property, taking into consideration any applicable judicial |
68 | limitation, local or state land use regulation, or historic |
69 | preservation ordinance, and considering any moratorium imposed |
70 | by executive order, law, ordinance, regulation, resolution, or |
71 | proclamation adopted by any governmental body or agency or the |
72 | Governor when the moratorium or judicial limitation prohibits or |
73 | restricts the development or improvement of property as |
74 | otherwise authorized by applicable law. The applicable |
75 | governmental body or agency or the Governor shall notify the |
76 | property appraiser in writing of any executive order, ordinance, |
77 | regulation, resolution, or proclamation it adopts imposing any |
78 | such limitation, regulation, or moratorium; |
79 | (c)(3) The location of said property; |
80 | (d)(4) The quantity or size of said property; |
81 | (e)(5) The cost of said property and the present |
82 | replacement value of any improvements thereon; |
83 | (f)(6) The condition of said property. Each property's |
84 | individual characteristics shall be considered when determining |
85 | physical deterioration, functional obsolescence, and external |
86 | obsolescence; |
87 | (g)(7) The income from said property; and |
88 | (h)(8) The net proceeds of the sale of the property, as |
89 | received by the seller, after deduction of all of the usual and |
90 | reasonable fees and costs of the sale, including the costs and |
91 | expenses of financing, and allowance for unconventional or |
92 | atypical terms of financing arrangements. When the net proceeds |
93 | of the sale of any property are utilized, directly or |
94 | indirectly, in the determination of just valuation of realty of |
95 | the sold parcel or any other parcel under the provisions of this |
96 | section, the property appraiser, for the purposes of such |
97 | determination, shall exclude any portion of such net proceeds |
98 | attributable to payments for household furnishings or other |
99 | items of personal property. |
100 | (2) Notwithstanding the requirement that property |
101 | appraisers consider all of the factors enumerated in subsection |
102 | (1) in arriving at just valuation, property appraisers shall |
103 | consider only the income from income-producing property in the |
104 | case of all residential rental property and all commercial |
105 | property that is leased to more than one legal entity, each of |
106 | which conducts a separate business activity on the property, in |
107 | determining the just valuation of such property. |
108 | Section 2. Section 193.018, Florida Statutes, is created |
109 | to read: |
110 | 193.018 Assessment of deed-restricted property.-- |
111 | (1) The owner of residential rental property providing |
112 | affordable housing, multiunit commercial rental property, |
113 | property used as a marina, or property rented for use by mobile |
114 | homes may enter into a deed-restriction agreement with the |
115 | county to maintain the property at its current use for a period |
116 | of at least 5 years. |
117 | (2) The property appraiser shall consider the deed- |
118 | restriction agreement in determining the just value of the |
119 | property. |
120 | (3) If, prior to the expiration of the deed-restriction |
121 | agreement, the property is not used for the purposes set forth |
122 | in the deed-restriction agreement, the deed-restriction |
123 | agreement shall be terminated and the property owner shall pay |
124 | to the county an amount equal to the additional taxes that would |
125 | have been paid in prior years had the deed-restriction agreement |
126 | not been in effect, plus 12 percent interest. |
127 | Section 3. Paragraph (d) of subsection (3) and subsection |
128 | (4) of section 194.011, Florida Statutes, are amended to read: |
129 | 194.011 Assessment notice; objections to assessments.-- |
130 | (3) A petition to the value adjustment board must be in |
131 | substantially the form prescribed by the department. |
132 | Notwithstanding s. 195.022, a county officer may not refuse to |
133 | accept a form provided by the department for this purpose if the |
134 | taxpayer chooses to use it. A petition to the value adjustment |
135 | board shall describe the property by parcel number and shall be |
136 | filed as follows: |
137 | (d) The petition may be filed, as to valuation issues, at |
138 | any time during the taxable year on or before the 25th day |
139 | following the mailing of notice by the property appraiser as |
140 | provided in subsection (1). If the actual receipt of the notice |
141 | is disputed, the burden of proof shall be on the property |
142 | appraiser to establish receipt by clear and convincing evidence. |
143 | With respect to an issue involving the denial of an exemption, |
144 | an agricultural or high-water recharge classification |
145 | application, an application for classification as historic |
146 | property used for commercial or certain nonprofit purposes, or a |
147 | deferral, the petition must be filed at any time during the |
148 | taxable year on or before the 30th day following the mailing of |
149 | the notice by the property appraiser under s. 193.461, s. |
150 | 193.503, s. 193.625, or s. 196.193 or notice by the tax |
151 | collector under s. 197.253. |
152 | (4)(a) At least 15 days before the hearing, the petitioner |
153 | shall provide to the property appraiser a list of evidence to be |
154 | presented at the hearing, together with copies of all |
155 | documentation to be considered by the value adjustment board and |
156 | a summary of evidence to be presented by witnesses. Failure of |
157 | the petitioner to timely comply with the requirements of this |
158 | paragraph shall result in the rescheduling of the hearing. |
159 | (b) At least 15 No later than 7 days before the hearing, |
160 | if the petitioner has provided the information required under |
161 | paragraph (a), and if requested in writing by the petitioner, |
162 | the property appraiser shall provide to the petitioner a list of |
163 | evidence to be presented at the hearing, together with copies of |
164 | all documentation to be considered by the value adjustment board |
165 | and a summary of evidence to be presented by witnesses. The |
166 | evidence list must contain the property record card if provided |
167 | by the clerk. Failure of the property appraiser to timely comply |
168 | with the requirements of this paragraph shall result in a |
169 | rescheduling of the hearing. |
170 | Section 4. Subsection (2) of section 194.013, Florida |
171 | Statutes, is amended to read: |
172 | 194.013 Filing fees for petitions; disposition; waiver.-- |
173 | (2) The value adjustment board shall waive the filing fee |
174 | with respect to a petition filed by a taxpayer who is eligible |
175 | to receive one or more of the exemptions under s. 6(c), (f), or |
176 | (g), Art. VII of the State Constitution, regardless of whether |
177 | the taxpayer's local government grants the additional local |
178 | homestead exemptions. The filing fee also shall be waived for a |
179 | taxpayer who demonstrates at the time of filing, by an |
180 | appropriate certificate or other documentation issued by the |
181 | Department of Children and Family Services and submitted with |
182 | the petition, that the petitioner is then an eligible recipient |
183 | of temporary assistance under chapter 414. |
184 | Section 5. Section 194.015, Florida Statutes, is amended |
185 | to read: |
186 | 194.015 Value adjustment board.-- |
187 | (1) There is hereby created a value adjustment board for |
188 | each county, which shall consist of five members. |
189 | (2)(a)1. Three members shall be appointed by of the |
190 | governing body of the county, as follows: |
191 | a. One member must own a homestead property within the |
192 | county. |
193 | b. One member must own a business that occupies commercial |
194 | space located within the county. |
195 | c. An appointee may not be a member or an employee of any |
196 | taxing authority. |
197 | 2. as elected from the membership of the board of said |
198 | governing body, One of such appointees whom shall be elected |
199 | chairperson. |
200 | (b) , and Two members shall be appointed by of the school |
201 | board, as follows: |
202 | 1. One member must own a business that occupies commercial |
203 | space located within the school district. |
204 | 2. One member must be eligible to receive one or more of |
205 | the exemptions under s. 6(c), (f), or (g), Art. VII of the State |
206 | Constitution, regardless of whether the taxpayer's local |
207 | government grants the additional local homestead exemptions. |
208 | 3. An appointee may not be a member or an employee of any |
209 | taxing authority as elected from the membership of the school |
210 | board. The members of the board may be temporarily replaced by |
211 | other members of the respective boards on appointment by their |
212 | respective chairpersons. |
213 | (3) Any three members shall constitute a quorum of the |
214 | board, except that each quorum must include at least one member |
215 | appointed by the of said governing body of the county board and |
216 | at least one member appointed by of the school board, and no |
217 | meeting of the board shall take place unless a quorum is |
218 | present. |
219 | (4) Members of the board may receive such per diem |
220 | compensation as is allowed by law for state employees if both |
221 | bodies elect to allow such compensation. |
222 | (5) The clerk of the governing body of the county shall be |
223 | the clerk of the value adjustment board. |
224 | (6)(a) The office of the county attorney may be counsel to |
225 | the board unless the county attorney represents the property |
226 | appraiser, in which instance the board shall appoint private |
227 | counsel who has practiced law for over 5 years and who shall |
228 | receive such compensation as may be established by the board. |
229 | (b) Meetings No meeting of the board may not shall take |
230 | place unless counsel to the board is present. However, counsel |
231 | for the property appraiser shall not be required when the county |
232 | attorney represents only the board at the board hearings, even |
233 | though the county attorney may represent the property appraiser |
234 | in other matters or at a different time. |
235 | (7) Two-fifths of the expenses of the board shall be borne |
236 | by the district school board and three-fifths by the district |
237 | county commission. |
238 | Section 6. Subsection (2) of section 194.032, Florida |
239 | Statutes, is amended to read: |
240 | 194.032 Hearing purposes; timetable.-- |
241 | (2) The clerk of the governing body of the county shall |
242 | prepare a schedule of appearances before the board based on |
243 | petitions timely filed with him or her. The clerk shall notify |
244 | each petitioner of the scheduled time of his or her appearance |
245 | no less than 25 calendar days prior to the day of such scheduled |
246 | appearance. Upon receipt of this notification, the petitioner |
247 | shall have the right to reschedule the hearing an unlimited |
248 | number of times for the failure of the property appraiser to |
249 | comply with the requirements of s. 194.011(4)(b). The petitioner |
250 | shall also have the right to reschedule the hearing a single |
251 | time by submitting to the clerk of the governing body of the |
252 | county a written request to reschedule, no less than 5 calendar |
253 | days before the day of the originally scheduled hearing. |
254 | Additional rescheduling of the hearing may be granted to the |
255 | taxpayer upon receipt of an affidavit from a physician which |
256 | states a medical reason as to why the petitioner needs to |
257 | reschedule the hearing. A copy of the property record card |
258 | containing relevant information used in computing the taxpayer's |
259 | current assessment shall be included with such notice, if said |
260 | card was requested by the taxpayer. Such request shall be made |
261 | by checking an appropriate box on the petition form. No |
262 | petitioner shall be required to wait for more than 4 hours from |
263 | the scheduled time; and, if his or her petition is not heard in |
264 | that time, the petitioner may, at his or her option, report to |
265 | the chairperson of the meeting that he or she intends to leave; |
266 | and, if he or she is not heard immediately, the petitioner's |
267 | hearing shall be rescheduled for a time reserved exclusively for |
268 | the petitioner administrative remedies will be deemed to be |
269 | exhausted, and he or she may seek further relief as he or she |
270 | deems appropriate. Failure on three occasions with respect to |
271 | any single tax year to convene at the scheduled time of meetings |
272 | of the board shall constitute grounds for removal from office by |
273 | the Governor for neglect of duties. |
274 | Section 7. Subsection (2) of section 194.034, Florida |
275 | Statutes, is amended to read: |
276 | 194.034 Hearing procedures; rules.-- |
277 | (2) In each case, except when a complaint is withdrawn by |
278 | the petitioner or is acknowledged as correct by the property |
279 | appraiser, the value adjustment board shall render a written |
280 | decision. All such decisions shall be issued within 20 calendar |
281 | days of the last day the board is in session under s. 194.032. |
282 | The decision of the board shall contain findings of fact and |
283 | conclusions of law and shall include reasons for upholding or |
284 | overturning the determination of the property appraiser. If the |
285 | determination of the property appraiser is overturned, the board |
286 | shall order the refunding of the filing fee required by s. |
287 | 194.013. When a special magistrate has been appointed, the |
288 | recommendations of the special magistrate shall be considered by |
289 | the board. The clerk, upon issuance of the decisions, shall, on |
290 | a form provided by the Department of Revenue, notify by first- |
291 | class mail each taxpayer, the property appraiser, and the |
292 | department of the decision of the board. |
293 | Section 8. Subsection (3) is added to section 194.192, |
294 | Florida Statutes, to read: |
295 | 194.192 Costs; interest on unpaid taxes; penalty; attorney |
296 | fees.-- |
297 | (3) If the court finds that the amount owed by the |
298 | taxpayer is less than the amount of tax paid, the court shall |
299 | enter judgment against the appraiser at the rate of 12 percent |
300 | per year from the date of payment. If the final assessment |
301 | established by the court is lower than the value assessed by the |
302 | property appraiser by more than 10 percent, the court shall |
303 | assess and award reasonable attorney fees to the taxpayer. |
304 | Section 9. Section 194.301, Florida Statutes, is amended |
305 | to read: |
306 | 194.301 Presumption of correctness.--In any administrative |
307 | or judicial action in which a taxpayer challenges an ad valorem |
308 | tax assessment of value, the property appraiser shall have the |
309 | burden of providing by clear and convincing evidence that the |
310 | assessment is correct. In any judicial action, the burden of |
311 | proof shall be upon the party initiating the action appraiser's |
312 | assessment shall be presumed correct. This presumption of |
313 | correctness is lost if the taxpayer shows by a preponderance of |
314 | the evidence that either the property appraiser has failed to |
315 | consider properly the criteria in s. 193.011 or if the property |
316 | appraiser's assessment is arbitrarily based on appraisal |
317 | practices which are different from the appraisal practices |
318 | generally applied by the property appraiser to comparable |
319 | property within the same class and within the same county. If |
320 | the presumption of correctness is lost, the taxpayer shall have |
321 | the burden of proving by a preponderance of the evidence that |
322 | the appraiser's assessment is in excess of just value. If the |
323 | presumption of correctness is retained, the taxpayer shall have |
324 | the burden of proving by clear and convincing evidence that the |
325 | appraiser's assessment is in excess of just value. In no case |
326 | shall the taxpayer have the burden of proving that the property |
327 | appraiser's assessment is not supported by any reasonable |
328 | hypothesis of a legal assessment. If the property appraiser's |
329 | assessment is determined to be erroneous, the Value Adjustment |
330 | Board or the court can establish the assessment if there exists |
331 | competent, substantial evidence in the record, which |
332 | cumulatively meets the requirements of s. 193.011. If the record |
333 | lacks competent, substantial evidence meeting the just value |
334 | criteria of s. 193.011, the matter shall be remanded to the |
335 | property appraiser with appropriate directions from the Value |
336 | Adjustment Board or the court. |
337 | Section 10. This act shall take effect upon becoming a |
338 | law. |