1 | A bill to be entitled |
2 | An act relating to just valuation of property; amending s. |
3 | 193.011, F.S.; providing for consideration of zoning |
4 | changes and permits in determining the highest and best |
5 | use; revising the condition of property just valuation |
6 | factor; including cost of removal of tangible personal |
7 | property as a consideration in the net sale proceeds |
8 | factor; requiring property appraisers to use only market |
9 | rent in arriving at just value of certain income-producing |
10 | properties; providing a definition; providing |
11 | applicability; amending s. 193.016, F.S.; providing for |
12 | consideration of value adjustment board decisions for all |
13 | properties; creating s. 193.018, F.S.; authorizing owners |
14 | of certain properties to enter into deed-restriction |
15 | agreements with counties for certain purposes; requiring |
16 | property appraisers to consider deed-restriction |
17 | agreements in determining just value; providing for |
18 | payment of back taxes plus interest if the deed- |
19 | restriction agreement is terminated early; amending s. |
20 | 194.011, F.S.; revising provisions relating to provision |
21 | of evidence by petitioners and property appraisers; |
22 | amending s. 194.013, F.S.; requiring value adjustment |
23 | boards to waive a petition filing fee for taxpayers |
24 | eligible for certain constitutional exemptions; amending |
25 | s. 194.015, F.S.; revising the membership of value |
26 | adjustment boards, appointment criteria, and quorum |
27 | requirements; amending s. 194.032, F.S.; providing for |
28 | criteria for rescheduling certain hearings under certain |
29 | circumstances; amending s. 194.034, F.S.; requiring value |
30 | adjustment boards to order refund of certain filing fees |
31 | if a determination of a property appraiser is overturned; |
32 | amending s. 194.192, F.S.; providing for judgments against |
33 | property appraisers under certain circumstances; providing |
34 | for assessment and award of attorney fees to taxpayers |
35 | under certain circumstances; amending s. 194.301, F.S.; |
36 | requiring property appraisers to provide evidence of |
37 | correctness of assessments in certain actions; deleting |
38 | provisions providing a presumption of correctness of |
39 | property appraiser's assessments and imposing requirements |
40 | on taxpayers to prove assessments excessive; providing an |
41 | effective date. |
42 |
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43 | Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Florida: |
44 |
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45 | Section 1. Effective upon this act becoming a law and |
46 | applicable to assessments beginning January 1, 2008, section |
47 | 193.011, Florida Statutes, is amended to read: |
48 | 193.011 Factors to consider in deriving just valuation.-- |
49 | (1) In arriving at just valuation as required under s. 4, |
50 | Art. VII of the State Constitution, the property appraiser shall |
51 | take into consideration the following factors: |
52 | (a)(1) The present cash value of the property, which is |
53 | the amount a willing purchaser would pay a willing seller, |
54 | exclusive of reasonable fees and costs of purchase, in cash or |
55 | the immediate equivalent thereof in a transaction at arm's |
56 | length; |
57 | (b)(2) The highest and best use to which the property can |
58 | be expected to be put in the immediate future and the present |
59 | use of the property, taking into consideration any applicable |
60 | judicial limitation, local or state land use regulation, or |
61 | historic preservation ordinance, and any zoning changes and |
62 | permits necessary to achieve the highest and best use, and |
63 | considering any moratorium imposed by executive order, law, |
64 | ordinance, regulation, resolution, or proclamation adopted by |
65 | any governmental body or agency or the Governor when the |
66 | moratorium or judicial limitation prohibits or restricts the |
67 | development or improvement of property as otherwise authorized |
68 | by applicable law. The applicable governmental body or agency or |
69 | the Governor shall notify the property appraiser in writing of |
70 | any executive order, ordinance, regulation, resolution, or |
71 | proclamation it adopts imposing any such limitation, regulation, |
72 | or moratorium; |
73 | (c)(3) The location of said property; |
74 | (d)(4) The quantity or size of said property; |
75 | (e)(5) The cost of said property and the present |
76 | replacement value of any improvements thereon; |
77 | (f)(6) The condition of said property. When determining |
78 | the condition of the property, the property appraiser shall |
79 | consider physical deterioration, functional obsolescence, and |
80 | external obsolescence; |
81 | (g)(7) The income from said property; and |
82 | (h)(8) The net proceeds of the sale of the property, as |
83 | received by the seller, after deduction of all of the usual and |
84 | reasonable fees and costs of the sale, including the costs and |
85 | expenses of financing, and allowance for unconventional or |
86 | atypical terms of financing arrangements, and including the |
87 | costs of removal of tangible personal property. When the net |
88 | proceeds of the sale of any property are utilized, directly or |
89 | indirectly, in the determination of just valuation of realty of |
90 | the sold parcel or any other parcel under the provisions of this |
91 | section, the property appraiser, for the purposes of such |
92 | determination, shall exclude any portion of such net proceeds |
93 | attributable to payments for household furnishings or other |
94 | items of personal property. |
95 | (2) Notwithstanding the requirement that property |
96 | appraisers consider all of the factors enumerated in subsection |
97 | (1) in arriving at just valuation, property appraisers shall |
98 | consider only the market rent from income-producing property in |
99 | the case of all residential rental property and all commercial |
100 | property that is leased to more than one legal entity, each of |
101 | which conducts a separate business activity on the property. For |
102 | purposes of this subsection, the term "market rent" means the |
103 | most likely rent that an income-producing property would command |
104 | if offered for lease in the open market. |
105 | Section 2. Section 193.016, Florida Statutes, is amended |
106 | to read: |
107 | 193.016 Property appraiser's assessment; effect of |
108 | determinations by value adjustment board.--If the property |
109 | appraiser's assessment of the same items of tangible personal |
110 | property in the previous year was adjusted by the value |
111 | adjustment board and the decision of the board to reduce the |
112 | assessment was not successfully appealed by the property |
113 | appraiser, the property appraiser shall consider the reduced |
114 | value values determined by the value adjustment board in |
115 | assessing the those items of tangible personal property. If the |
116 | property appraiser adjusts upward the reduced value values |
117 | previously determined by the value adjustment board, the |
118 | property appraiser shall assert additional basic and underlying |
119 | facts not properly considered by the value adjustment board as |
120 | the basis for the increased valuation notwithstanding the prior |
121 | adjustment by the board. |
122 | Section 3. Section 193.018, Florida Statutes, is created |
123 | to read: |
124 | 193.018 Assessment of deed-restricted property.-- |
125 | (1) The owner of residential rental property, multiunit |
126 | commercial rental property, property used as a marina, |
127 | waterfront property used exclusively for commercial fishing |
128 | purposes, or property rented for use by mobile homes may enter |
129 | into a deed-restriction agreement with the county to maintain |
130 | the property at its current use for a period of at least 5 |
131 | years. |
132 | (2) The property appraiser shall consider the deed- |
133 | restriction agreement in determining the just value of the |
134 | property. |
135 | (3) If, prior to the expiration of the deed-restriction |
136 | agreement, the property is not used for the purposes set forth |
137 | in the deed-restriction agreement, the deed-restriction |
138 | agreement shall be terminated and the property owner shall pay |
139 | to the county an amount equal to the additional taxes that would |
140 | have been paid in prior years had the deed-restriction agreement |
141 | not been in effect, plus 12 percent interest. |
142 | Section 4. Subsection (4) of section 194.011, Florida |
143 | Statutes, is amended to read: |
144 | 194.011 Assessment notice; objections to assessments.-- |
145 | (4)(a) At least 15 days before the hearing, the petitioner |
146 | shall provide to the property appraiser a list of evidence to be |
147 | presented at the hearing, together with copies of all |
148 | documentation to be considered by the value adjustment board and |
149 | a summary of evidence to be presented by witnesses. |
150 | (b) At least 15 No later than 7 days before the hearing, |
151 | if the petitioner has provided the information required under |
152 | paragraph (a), and if requested in writing by the petitioner, |
153 | the property appraiser shall provide to the petitioner a list of |
154 | evidence to be presented at the hearing, together with copies of |
155 | all documentation to be considered by the value adjustment board |
156 | and a summary of evidence to be presented by witnesses. The |
157 | evidence list must contain the property record card if provided |
158 | by the clerk. Failure of the property appraiser to timely comply |
159 | with the requirements of this paragraph shall result in a |
160 | rescheduling of the hearing. |
161 | Section 5. Subsection (2) of section 194.013, Florida |
162 | Statutes, is amended to read: |
163 | 194.013 Filing fees for petitions; disposition; waiver.-- |
164 | (2) The value adjustment board shall waive the filing fee |
165 | with respect to a petition filed by a taxpayer who is eligible |
166 | to receive one or more of the exemptions under s. 6(c), (f), or |
167 | (g), Art. VII of the State Constitution, regardless of whether |
168 | the taxpayer's local government grants the additional local |
169 | homestead exemptions. The filing fee also shall be waived for a |
170 | taxpayer who demonstrates at the time of filing, by an |
171 | appropriate certificate or other documentation issued by the |
172 | Department of Children and Family Services and submitted with |
173 | the petition, that the petitioner is then an eligible recipient |
174 | of temporary assistance under chapter 414. |
175 | Section 6. Section 194.015, Florida Statutes, is amended |
176 | to read: |
177 | 194.015 Value adjustment board.-- |
178 | (1) There is hereby created a value adjustment board for |
179 | each county, which shall consist of five members. |
180 | (2)(a)1. Three members shall be appointed by of the |
181 | governing body of the county, as follows: |
182 | a. One member must own a homestead property within the |
183 | county. |
184 | b. One member must own a business that occupies commercial |
185 | space located within the county. |
186 | c. An appointee may not be a member or an employee of any |
187 | taxing authority. |
188 | 2. as elected from the membership of the board of said |
189 | governing body, One of such appointees whom shall be elected |
190 | chairperson. |
191 | (b) , and Two members shall be appointed by of the school |
192 | board, as follows: |
193 | 1. One member must own a business that occupies commercial |
194 | space located within the school district. |
195 | 2. One member must be eligible to receive one or more of |
196 | the exemptions under s. 6(c), (f), or (g), Art. VII of the State |
197 | Constitution, regardless of whether the taxpayer's local |
198 | government grants the additional local homestead exemptions. |
199 | 3. An appointee may not be a member or an employee of any |
200 | taxing authority as elected from the membership of the school |
201 | board. The members of the board may be temporarily replaced by |
202 | other members of the respective boards on appointment by their |
203 | respective chairpersons. |
204 | (3) Any three members shall constitute a quorum of the |
205 | board, except that each quorum must include at least one member |
206 | of said governing board and at least one member of the school |
207 | board, and no meeting of the board shall take place unless a |
208 | quorum is present. |
209 | (4) Members of the board may receive such per diem |
210 | compensation as is allowed by law for state employees if both |
211 | bodies elect to allow such compensation. |
212 | (5) The clerk of the governing body of the county shall be |
213 | the clerk of the value adjustment board. |
214 | (6)(a) The office of the county attorney may be counsel to |
215 | the board unless the county attorney represents the property |
216 | appraiser, in which instance the board shall appoint private |
217 | counsel who has practiced law for over 5 years and who shall |
218 | receive such compensation as may be established by the board. |
219 | (b) Meetings No meeting of the board may not shall take |
220 | place unless counsel to the board is present. However, counsel |
221 | for the property appraiser shall not be required when the county |
222 | attorney represents only the board at the board hearings, even |
223 | though the county attorney may represent the property appraiser |
224 | in other matters or at a different time. |
225 | (7) Two-fifths of the expenses of the board shall be borne |
226 | by the district school board and three-fifths by the district |
227 | county commission. |
228 | Section 7. Subsection (2) of section 194.032, Florida |
229 | Statutes, is amended to read: |
230 | 194.032 Hearing purposes; timetable.-- |
231 | (2) The clerk of the governing body of the county shall |
232 | prepare a schedule of appearances before the board based on |
233 | petitions timely filed with him or her. The clerk shall notify |
234 | each petitioner of the scheduled time of his or her appearance |
235 | no less than 25 calendar days prior to the day of such scheduled |
236 | appearance. Upon receipt of this notification, the petitioner |
237 | shall have the right to reschedule the hearing for the failure |
238 | of the property appraiser to comply with the requirements of s. |
239 | 194.011(4)(b). The hearing shall be rescheduled no sooner than |
240 | 15 days after the property appraiser complies with the |
241 | requirements of s. 194.011(4)(b). The petitioner shall also have |
242 | the right to reschedule the hearing a single time by submitting |
243 | to the clerk of the governing body of the county a written |
244 | request to reschedule, no less than 5 calendar days before the |
245 | day of the originally scheduled hearing. Additional rescheduling |
246 | of the hearing may be granted to the taxpayer upon receipt of an |
247 | affidavit from a physician that states a medical reason as to |
248 | why the petitioner needs to reschedule the hearing. A copy of |
249 | the property record card containing relevant information used in |
250 | computing the taxpayer's current assessment shall be included |
251 | with such notice, if said card was requested by the taxpayer. |
252 | Such request shall be made by checking an appropriate box on the |
253 | petition form. No petitioner shall be required to wait for more |
254 | than 2 4 hours from the scheduled time; and, if his or her |
255 | petition is not heard in that time, the petitioner may, at his |
256 | or her option, report to the chairperson of the meeting that he |
257 | or she intends to leave; and, if he or she is not heard |
258 | immediately, the petitioner's hearing shall be rescheduled for a |
259 | time reserved exclusively for the petitioner administrative |
260 | remedies will be deemed to be exhausted, and he or she may seek |
261 | further relief as he or she deems appropriate. Failure on three |
262 | occasions with respect to any single tax year to convene at the |
263 | scheduled time of meetings of the board shall constitute grounds |
264 | for removal from office by the Governor for neglect of duties. |
265 | Section 8. Subsection (2) of section 194.034, Florida |
266 | Statutes, is amended to read: |
267 | 194.034 Hearing procedures; rules.-- |
268 | (2) In each case, except when a complaint is withdrawn by |
269 | the petitioner or is acknowledged as correct by the property |
270 | appraiser, the value adjustment board shall render a written |
271 | decision. All such decisions shall be issued within 20 calendar |
272 | days of the last day the board is in session under s. 194.032. |
273 | The decision of the board shall contain findings of fact and |
274 | conclusions of law and shall include reasons for upholding or |
275 | overturning the determination of the property appraiser. If the |
276 | determination of the property appraiser is overturned, the board |
277 | shall order the refunding of the filing fee required by s. |
278 | 194.013. When a special magistrate has been appointed, the |
279 | recommendations of the special magistrate shall be considered by |
280 | the board. The clerk, upon issuance of the decisions, shall, on |
281 | a form provided by the Department of Revenue, notify by first- |
282 | class mail each taxpayer, the property appraiser, and the |
283 | department of the decision of the board. |
284 | Section 9. Subsection (3) is added to section 194.192, |
285 | Florida Statutes, to read: |
286 | 194.192 Costs; interest on unpaid taxes; penalty; attorney |
287 | fees.-- |
288 | (3) If the court finds that the amount owed by the |
289 | taxpayer is less than the amount of tax paid, the court shall |
290 | enter judgment against the appraiser for the difference and for |
291 | interest on the difference at the rate of 12 percent per year |
292 | from the date of payment. If the final assessment established by |
293 | the court is lower than the value assessed by the property |
294 | appraiser by more than 10 percent, the court shall assess and |
295 | award reasonable attorney fees to the taxpayer. |
296 | Section 10. Section 194.301, Florida Statutes, is amended |
297 | to read: |
298 | 194.301 Presumption of correctness.--In any administrative |
299 | or judicial action in which a taxpayer challenges an ad valorem |
300 | tax assessment of value, the property appraiser shall have the |
301 | burden of providing by clear and convincing evidence that the |
302 | assessment is correct. In any judicial action, the burden of |
303 | proof shall be upon the party initiating the action appraiser's |
304 | assessment shall be presumed correct. This presumption of |
305 | correctness is lost if the taxpayer shows by a preponderance of |
306 | the evidence that either the property appraiser has failed to |
307 | consider properly the criteria in s. 193.011 or if the property |
308 | appraiser's assessment is arbitrarily based on appraisal |
309 | practices which are different from the appraisal practices |
310 | generally applied by the property appraiser to comparable |
311 | property within the same class and within the same county. If |
312 | the presumption of correctness is lost, the taxpayer shall have |
313 | the burden of proving by a preponderance of the evidence that |
314 | the appraiser's assessment is in excess of just value. If the |
315 | presumption of correctness is retained, the taxpayer shall have |
316 | the burden of proving by clear and convincing evidence that the |
317 | appraiser's assessment is in excess of just value. In no case |
318 | shall the taxpayer have the burden of proving that the property |
319 | appraiser's assessment is not supported by any reasonable |
320 | hypothesis of a legal assessment. If the property appraiser's |
321 | assessment is determined to be erroneous, the Value Adjustment |
322 | Board or the court can establish the assessment if there exists |
323 | competent, substantial evidence in the record, which |
324 | cumulatively meets the requirements of s. 193.011. If the record |
325 | lacks competent, substantial evidence meeting the just value |
326 | criteria of s. 193.011, the matter shall be remanded to the |
327 | property appraiser with appropriate directions from the Value |
328 | Adjustment Board or the court. |
329 | Section 11. This act shall take effect upon becoming a |
330 | law. |