1 | A bill to be entitled |
2 | An act relating to child visitation; providing a short |
3 | title; providing legislative intent; creating s. 39.0139, |
4 | F.S.; requiring restrictions on visitation or contact by |
5 | specified persons; creating a presumption; providing for |
6 | hearing; providing conditions for visitation or contact |
7 | during the pendency of hearing; amending ss. 39.402, |
8 | 39.506, 39.509, and 39.521, F.S.; subjecting specified |
9 | visitation orders to s. 39.0139, F.S.; amending s. |
10 | 753.001, F.S.; deleting an obsolete provision; amending s. |
11 | 753.002, F.S.; requiring development of specified safety |
12 | standards for supervised visitation programs; deleting an |
13 | obsolete provision; amending s. 753.004, F.S.; requiring |
14 | supervised visitation programs to comply with specified |
15 | safety standards; providing an effective date. |
16 |
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17 | Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Florida: |
18 |
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19 | Section 1. This act may be cited as the "Keeping Children |
20 | Safe Act of 2007." |
21 | Section 2. Legislative intent.--It is the public policy of |
22 | this state that children are to be kept safe when in the |
23 | temporary or permanent custody of the Department of Children and |
24 | Family Services or its contractors. An increasing portion of the |
25 | allegations that bring children to the attention of child |
26 | protection investigators involves sexual abuse of a child as |
27 | defined in s. 39.01, Florida Statutes. This state has a |
28 | substantial public interest in the protection of vulnerable |
29 | children, including children who may be especially traumatized |
30 | by contact with any alleged perpetrator of sexual abuse or |
31 | related criminal conduct. In furtherance of that interest and |
32 | protection of the children impacted, the state must regulate the |
33 | contact of the child with persons who might seek to shape or |
34 | influence testimony in matters relating to child sexual abuse or |
35 | criminal conduct involving, allowing, or encouraging any sexual |
36 | act against a child or exploitation of a child, including |
37 | involvement of the child in human trafficking. |
38 | Section 3. Section 39.0139, Florida Statutes, is created |
39 | to read: |
40 | 39.0139 Visitation restrictions when a child's safety or |
41 | welfare cannot otherwise be adequately guaranteed.-- |
42 | (1) This section applies to a parent, stepparent, |
43 | grandparent, stepgrandparent, relative, or caregiver in all |
44 | proceedings governed by this chapter. |
45 | (2) A presumption that visitation or contact is contrary |
46 | to the best interest of the child is created when a parent, |
47 | stepparent, grandparent, stepgrandparent, relative, or |
48 | caregiver: |
49 | (a) Is alleged in a proceeding under this chapter to have |
50 | committed or has been found in such a proceeding to have |
51 | committed sexual abuse of a child. If the parent, stepparent, |
52 | grandparent, stepgrandparent, relative, or caregiver has been |
53 | alleged to have committed sexual abuse of a child, he or she may |
54 | seek review of the propriety of the allegation pursuant to the |
55 | provisions of this chapter; |
56 | (b) Has been designated a sexual predator under s. 775.21 |
57 | or has received a comparable designation under the laws of |
58 | another jurisdiction; |
59 | (c) Has been convicted of a sexual battery that |
60 | constitutes a capital, life, or first degree felony violation of |
61 | s. 794.011; |
62 | (d) Has been alleged to have subjected the child or a |
63 | sibling of the child to sexual abuse of a child as defined in s. |
64 | 39.01 or a sexual battery; or |
65 | (e) Has been convicted of an offense in another |
66 | jurisdiction that is substantially similar to an offense listed |
67 | in this subsection. For purposes of this subsection, the term |
68 | "substantially similar" has the same meaning as in s. |
69 | 39.806(1)(d)2. |
70 | (3)(a) Visitation or other contact with a person to whom |
71 | the presumption in subsection (2) applies shall be permitted |
72 | only after a hearing and upon a court order. The court shall use |
73 | heightened scrutiny as the allegations subject to this |
74 | regulation presumptively place a child at risk of harm. |
75 | (b) In such a hearing, an attorney ad litem or a guardian |
76 | ad litem with special training shall be appointed to represent |
77 | the child. |
78 | (c)1. During the course of proceedings under this |
79 | subsection, a court shall not allow the child to have visitation |
80 | or contact with a person subject to the presumption in |
81 | subsection (2) unless the visitation or contact is conducted in |
82 | a supervised visitation program conforming to: |
83 | a. The "Minimum Standards for Supervised Visitation |
84 | Program Agreement" as adopted by the Supreme Court on November |
85 | 18, 1999; |
86 | b. Standards that may be adopted under chapter 753; or |
87 | c. Other conditions that the court, in express findings, |
88 | determines will ensure the safety of the child at all times. |
89 | 2. In all occurrences of supervised visitation under this |
90 | paragraph, a person supervising the visitation shall receive or |
91 | have previously received training on supervising visitation |
92 | between a victim and alleged perpetrator of sexual abuse. |
93 | Section 4. Subsection (9) of section 39.402, Florida |
94 | Statutes, is amended to read: |
95 | 39.402 Placement in a shelter.-- |
96 | (9) At any shelter hearing, the department shall provide |
97 | to the court a recommendation for scheduled contact between the |
98 | child and parents, if appropriate. The court shall determine |
99 | visitation rights absent a clear and convincing showing that |
100 | visitation is not in the best interest of the child. If |
101 | visitation is ordered but will not commence within 72 hours |
102 | after of the shelter hearing, the department shall provide |
103 | justification to the court. All orders of visitation are subject |
104 | to s. 39.0139. |
105 | Section 5. Subsection (6) of section 39.506, Florida |
106 | Statutes, is amended to read: |
107 | 39.506 Arraignment hearings.-- |
108 | (6) At any arraignment hearing, if the child is in an |
109 | out-of-home placement, the court shall order visitation rights |
110 | absent a clear and convincing showing that visitation is not in |
111 | the best interest of the child. All orders of visitation are |
112 | subject to s. 39.0139. |
113 | Section 6. Section 39.509, Florida Statutes, is amended to |
114 | read: |
115 | 39.509 Grandparents rights.--Notwithstanding any other |
116 | provision of law, a maternal or paternal grandparent as well as |
117 | a stepgrandparent is entitled to reasonable visitation with his |
118 | or her grandchild who has been adjudicated a dependent child and |
119 | taken from the physical custody of the parent unless the court |
120 | finds that such visitation is not in the best interest of the |
121 | child or that such visitation would interfere with the goals of |
122 | the case plan. Reasonable visitation may be unsupervised and, |
123 | where appropriate and feasible, may be frequent and continuing. |
124 | All orders of visitation are subject to s. 39.0139. |
125 | (1) Grandparent visitation may take place in the home of |
126 | the grandparent unless there is a compelling reason for denying |
127 | such a visitation. The department's caseworker shall arrange the |
128 | visitation to which a grandparent is entitled pursuant to this |
129 | section. The state shall not charge a fee for any costs |
130 | associated with arranging the visitation. However, the |
131 | grandparent shall pay for the child's cost of transportation |
132 | when the visitation is to take place in the grandparent's home. |
133 | The caseworker shall document the reasons for any decision to |
134 | restrict a grandparent's visitation. |
135 | (2) A grandparent entitled to visitation pursuant to this |
136 | section shall not be restricted from appropriate displays of |
137 | affection to the child, such as appropriately hugging or kissing |
138 | his or her grandchild. Gifts, cards, and letters from the |
139 | grandparent and other family members shall not be denied to a |
140 | child who has been adjudicated a dependent child. |
141 | (3) Any attempt by a grandparent to facilitate a meeting |
142 | between the child who has been adjudicated a dependent child and |
143 | the child's parent or legal custodian, or any other person in |
144 | violation of a court order shall automatically terminate future |
145 | visitation rights of the grandparent. |
146 | (4) When the child has been returned to the physical |
147 | custody of his or her parent, the visitation rights granted |
148 | pursuant to this section shall terminate. |
149 | (5) The termination of parental rights does not affect the |
150 | rights of grandparents unless the court finds that such |
151 | visitation is not in the best interest of the child or that such |
152 | visitation would interfere with the goals of permanency planning |
153 | for the child. |
154 | (6) In determining whether grandparental visitation is not |
155 | in the child's best interest, consideration may be given to the |
156 | finding of guilt, regardless of adjudication, or entry or plea |
157 | of guilty or nolo contendere to charges under the following |
158 | statutes, or similar statutes of other jurisdictions: s. 787.04, |
159 | relating to removing minors from the state or concealing minors |
160 | contrary to court order; s. 794.011, relating to sexual battery; |
161 | s. 798.02, relating to lewd and lascivious behavior; chapter |
162 | 800, relating to lewdness and indecent exposure; or chapter 827, |
163 | relating to the abuse of children. Consideration may also be |
164 | given to a report of abuse, abandonment, or neglect under ss. |
165 | 415.101-415.113 or this chapter and the outcome of the |
166 | investigation concerning such report. |
167 | Section 7. Paragraph (d) of subsection (3) of section |
168 | 39.521, Florida Statutes, is amended to read: |
169 | 39.521 Disposition hearings; powers of disposition.-- |
170 | (3) When any child is adjudicated by a court to be |
171 | dependent, the court shall determine the appropriate placement |
172 | for the child as follows: |
173 | (d) If the child cannot be safely placed in a nonlicensed |
174 | placement, the court shall commit the child to the temporary |
175 | legal custody of the department. Such commitment invests in the |
176 | department all rights and responsibilities of a legal custodian. |
177 | The department shall not return any child to the physical care |
178 | and custody of the person from whom the child was removed, |
179 | except for court-approved visitation periods, without the |
180 | approval of the court. The term of such commitment continues |
181 | until terminated by the court or until the child reaches the age |
182 | of 18. After the child is committed to the temporary legal |
183 | custody of the department, all further proceedings under this |
184 | section are governed by this chapter. All orders of visitation |
185 | are subject to s. 39.0139. |
186 |
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187 | Protective supervision continues until the court terminates it |
188 | or until the child reaches the age of 18, whichever date is |
189 | first. Protective supervision shall be terminated by the court |
190 | whenever the court determines that permanency has been achieved |
191 | for the child, whether with a parent, another relative, or a |
192 | legal custodian, and that protective supervision is no longer |
193 | needed. The termination of supervision may be with or without |
194 | retaining jurisdiction, at the court's discretion, and shall in |
195 | either case be considered a permanency option for the child. The |
196 | order terminating supervision by the department shall set forth |
197 | the powers of the custodian of the child and shall include the |
198 | powers ordinarily granted to a guardian of the person of a minor |
199 | unless otherwise specified. Upon the court's termination of |
200 | supervision by the department, no further judicial reviews are |
201 | required, so long as permanency has been established for the |
202 | child. |
203 | Section 8. Section 753.001, Florida Statutes, is amended |
204 | to read: |
205 | 753.001 Definitions.--As used in ss. 753.001-753.004: |
206 | (1) A "supervised visitation program" exists where there |
207 | is contact between a noncustodial parent and one or more |
208 | children in the presence of a third person responsible for |
209 | observing and ensuring the safety of those involved. Supervised |
210 | visitation programs may also include exchange monitoring of |
211 | children who are participating in court-ordered visitation |
212 | programs or exchange monitoring where there has been mutual |
213 | consent between parties for the purposes of facilitating a |
214 | visitation. |
215 | (2) "Exchange monitoring" means supervision of movement of |
216 | a child from the custodial to the noncustodial parent at the |
217 | start of the visit and back to the custodial parent at the end |
218 | of the visit. |
219 |
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220 | This section shall take effect July 1, 1996. |
221 | Section 9. Section 753.002, Florida Statutes, is amended |
222 | to read: |
223 | 753.002 Florida Family Visitation Network.--There is |
224 | hereby created the Florida Family Visitation Network, which |
225 | shall have the following responsibilities subject to the |
226 | availability of resources: |
227 | (1) To serve as a clearinghouse on resources and research |
228 | of supervised visitation programs. |
229 | (2) To provide technical assistance and other support |
230 | services to existing and emerging supervised visitation |
231 | programs. |
232 | (3) To compile a directory of state-supervised visitation |
233 | programs containing referral information. |
234 | (4) To formulate a newsletter for supervised visitation |
235 | programs. |
236 | (5) To organize workshops and conferences which address |
237 | issues and concerns of supervised visitation programs. |
238 | (6) To have the authority to apply for grants and accept |
239 | private contributions. |
240 | (7) To compile data on the use of supervised visitation |
241 | programs. |
242 | (8) To develop standards for supervised visitation |
243 | programs in order to ensure the safety of children in each |
244 | program. These standards shall include a requirement for good |
245 | moral character of program staff based upon screening using the |
246 | level 2 standards for screening under s. 435.04. |
247 |
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248 | This section shall take effect July 1, 1996. |
249 | Section 10. Subsection (4) is added to section 753.004, |
250 | Florida Statutes, to read: |
251 | 753.004 Supervised visitation projects.--Within its |
252 | existing resources, the Institute of Food and Agricultural |
253 | Sciences of the University of Florida may establish supervised |
254 | visitation projects in communities throughout the state. |
255 | (4) A supervised visitation project must comply with the |
256 | safety standards developed under s. 753.002. |
257 | Section 11. This act shall take effect July 1, 2007. |