1 | A bill to be entitled |
2 | An act relating to the Reduced Cigarette Ignition |
3 | Propensity Standard and Firefighter Protection Act; |
4 | creating s. 633.042, F.S.; providing a short title; |
5 | providing legislative findings and intent; providing |
6 | definitions; providing cigarette testing methods and |
7 | performance standards; providing specific testing |
8 | criteria; requiring manufacturers to provide certain |
9 | written certification; requiring cigarettes to be marked |
10 | in specific manners; providing for alternative testing |
11 | methods under certain circumstances; providing reporting |
12 | requirements; providing the Division of Alcoholic |
13 | Beverages and Tobacco and the State Fire Marshal with |
14 | certain powers and responsibilities; providing |
15 | certification requirements for manufacturers; providing |
16 | requirements for the marking of certain cigarette |
17 | packaging; providing reporting requirements; providing |
18 | approval requirements for markings submitted to the |
19 | division by a manufacturer; providing notification |
20 | requirements; providing fines and penalties; providing the |
21 | division and the State Fire Marshal with rulemaking |
22 | authority; authorizing certain governmental entities with |
23 | inspection powers to examine specified documents of any |
24 | person in possession, control, or occupancy of any |
25 | premises where cigarettes are placed, stored, sold, or |
26 | offered for sale, as well as the stock of cigarettes on |
27 | the premises; providing that nothing in the act shall be |
28 | construed to prohibit any person or entity from |
29 | manufacturing or selling cigarettes that do not meet the |
30 | specified requirements if such cigarettes are or will be |
31 | stamped for sale in another state or are packaged for sale |
32 | outside the United States; providing for repeal upon the |
33 | enactment of a preemptive federal standard; prohibiting |
34 | local government units from enacting and enforcing any |
35 | ordinance or other local law or regulation that conflicts |
36 | with, or is preempted by, any provision of the act; |
37 | providing effective dates. |
38 |
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39 | Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Florida: |
40 |
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41 | Section 1. Section 633.042, Florida Statutes, is created |
42 | to read: |
43 | 633.042 Reduced Cigarette Ignition Propensity Standard and |
44 | Firefighter Protection Act.-- |
45 | (1) SHORT TITLE.--This section may be cited as the |
46 | "Reduced Cigarette Ignition Propensity Standard and Firefighter |
47 | Protection Act." |
48 | (2) LEGISLATIVE FINDINGS AND INTENT.--The Legislature |
49 | finds and declares that: |
50 | (a) Cigarettes are the leading cause of fire deaths in |
51 | this state and in the nation. |
52 | (b) Each year in the United States, between 700 and 900 |
53 | persons are killed and around 3,000 persons are injured in fires |
54 | ignited by cigarettes, while in this state 153 residential fires |
55 | and 5 fatalities were attributable to fires caused by cigarettes |
56 | in 2006. |
57 | (c) A high percentage of the victims of cigarette fires |
58 | are nonsmokers, including senior citizens and young children. |
59 | (d) Fires caused by cigarettes result in billions of |
60 | dollars in property losses and damages in the United States and |
61 | millions of dollars in property losses and damages in this |
62 | state. |
63 | (e) Cigarette fires unnecessarily jeopardize the safety of |
64 | firefighters and result in avoidable emergency response costs |
65 | for municipalities. |
66 | (f) In 2004, the State of New York implemented a cigarette |
67 | firesafety regulation requiring cigarettes sold in that state to |
68 | meet a firesafety performance standard; in 2005, Vermont and |
69 | California enacted cigarette firesafety laws directly |
70 | incorporating New York's regulation into statute; and in 2006, |
71 | Illinois, New Hampshire, and Massachusetts joined these states |
72 | in enacting similar laws. |
73 | (g) In 2005, Canada implemented the New York State |
74 | firesafety standard, becoming the first country to have a |
75 | nationwide cigarette firesafety standard. |
76 | (h) New York State's cigarette firesafety standard is |
77 | based upon decades of research by the National Institute of |
78 | Standards and Technology, Congressional research groups, and |
79 | private industry. This cigarette firesafety standard minimizes |
80 | costs to the state; minimally burdens cigarette manufacturers, |
81 | distributors, and retail sellers; and, therefore, should become |
82 | law in this state. |
83 | (i) It is therefore fitting and proper for this state to |
84 | adopt the cigarette firesafety standard that is in effect in the |
85 | State of New York to reduce the likelihood that cigarettes will |
86 | cause fires and result in deaths, injuries, and property |
87 | damages. |
88 | (3) DEFINITIONS.--For the purposes of this section: |
89 | (a) "Agent" means any person authorized by the Division of |
90 | Alcoholic Beverages and Tobacco of the Department of Business |
91 | and Professional Regulation to purchase and affix stamps on |
92 | packages of cigarettes. |
93 | (b) "Cigarette" means: |
94 | 1. Any roll for smoking, whether made wholly or in part of |
95 | tobacco or any other substance, irrespective of size or shape, |
96 | and whether such tobacco or substance is flavored, adulterated, |
97 | or mixed with any other ingredient, the wrapper or cover of |
98 | which is made of paper or any other substance or material other |
99 | than tobacco; or |
100 | 2. Any roll for smoking that is wrapped in any substance |
101 | containing tobacco and that, because of the type of tobacco used |
102 | in the filler or its packaging and labeling, is likely to be |
103 | offered to, or purchased by, consumers as a cigarette as |
104 | described in subparagraph 1. |
105 | (c) "Division" means the Division of Alcoholic Beverages |
106 | and Tobacco of the Department of Business and Professional |
107 | Regulation. |
108 | (d) "Manufacturer" means: |
109 | 1. Any entity that manufactures or produces, or causes to |
110 | be manufactured or produced, regardless of location, cigarettes |
111 | that such manufacturer intends to be sold in this state, |
112 | including cigarettes intended to be sold in the United States |
113 | through an importer; |
114 | 2. Any entity, regardless of location, that first |
115 | purchases cigarettes manufactured anywhere and not intended by |
116 | the original manufacturer or maker to be sold in the United |
117 | States and that intends to resell such cigarettes in the United |
118 | States; or |
119 | 3. Any entity that becomes a successor of an entity |
120 | described in subparagraph 1. or subparagraph 2. |
121 | (e) "Quality control and quality assurance program" means |
122 | laboratory procedures implemented to ensure that operator bias, |
123 | systematic and nonsystematic methodological errors, and |
124 | equipment-related problems do not affect the results of |
125 | laboratory testing. Such a program shall ensure that the testing |
126 | repeatability remains within the required repeatability values |
127 | stated in subparagraph (4)(a)6. for all test trials used to |
128 | certify cigarettes in accordance with this section. |
129 | (f) "Repeatability" means the range of values within which |
130 | the results of repeated cigarette test trials from a single |
131 | laboratory will fall 95 percent of the time. |
132 | (g) "Retail dealer" means: |
133 | 1. Any person, other than a manufacturer or wholesale |
134 | dealer, engaged in selling cigarettes; or |
135 | 2. Any person who owns, operates, or maintains one or more |
136 | cigarette or tobacco-product vending machines in, at, or upon |
137 | premises owned or occupied by any other person. |
138 | (h) "Sale" means any transfer of title or possession or |
139 | both, exchange or barter, conditional or otherwise, in any |
140 | manner or by any means whatever or any agreement therefor. In |
141 | addition to cash and credit sales, the giving of cigarettes as |
142 | samples, prizes, or gifts and the exchanging of cigarettes for |
143 | any consideration other than money are considered sales. |
144 | (i) "Sell" means to execute a sale or to offer or agree to |
145 | execute a sale. |
146 | (j) "Wholesale dealer" means any person, other than a |
147 | manufacturer, who sells cigarettes to retail dealers or other |
148 | persons for purposes of resale. |
149 | (4) TEST METHOD AND PERFORMANCE STANDARD.-- |
150 | (a) Except as provided in paragraph (f), no cigarettes may |
151 | be sold or offered for sale in this state, or sold or offered |
152 | for sale to persons located in this state, unless the cigarettes |
153 | have been tested in accordance with the test method and meet the |
154 | performance standard specified in this subsection, a written |
155 | certification has been filed by the manufacturer with the |
156 | division in accordance with subsection (5), and the cigarettes |
157 | have been marked in accordance with subsection (6). |
158 | 1. Testing of cigarettes shall be conducted in accordance |
159 | with the American Society for Testing and Materials standard |
160 | E2187-04, "Standard Test Method for Measuring the Ignition |
161 | Strength of Cigarettes." |
162 | 2. Testing shall be conducted on 10 layers of filter |
163 | paper. |
164 | 3. No more than 25 percent of the cigarettes tested in a |
165 | test trial in accordance with this subsection shall exhibit |
166 | full-length burns. Forty replicate tests shall comprise a |
167 | complete test trial for each cigarette tested. |
168 | 4. The performance standard required by this subsection |
169 | shall only be applied to a complete test trial. |
170 | 5. Written certifications shall be based upon testing |
171 | conducted by a laboratory that has been accredited pursuant to |
172 | standard ISO/IEC 17025 of the International Organization for |
173 | Standardization or another comparable accreditation standard |
174 | required by the State Fire Marshal. |
175 | 6. Laboratories conducting testing in accordance with this |
176 | subsection shall implement a quality control and quality |
177 | assurance program that includes a procedure that will determine |
178 | the repeatability of the testing results. The repeatability |
179 | value shall be no greater than 0.19. |
180 | 7. This subsection does not require additional testing if |
181 | cigarettes are tested consistently with this section for any |
182 | other purpose. |
183 | 8. The State Fire Marshal may, in his or her discretion or |
184 | upon the request of the division, perform or sponsor testing to |
185 | determine a cigarette's compliance with the required performance |
186 | standard. Any such discretionary compliance testing by the State |
187 | Fire Marshal shall be conducted in accordance with this |
188 | subsection. |
189 | (b) Each cigarette listed in a certification submitted |
190 | pursuant to subsection (5) that uses lowered permeability bands |
191 | in the cigarette paper to achieve compliance with the |
192 | performance standard set forth in this subsection shall have at |
193 | least two nominally identical bands on the paper surrounding the |
194 | tobacco column. At least one complete band shall be located at |
195 | least 15 millimeters from the lighting end of the cigarette. For |
196 | cigarettes on which the bands are positioned by design, there |
197 | shall be at least two bands fully located at least 15 |
198 | millimeters from the lighting end and 10 millimeters from the |
199 | filter end of the tobacco column, or 10 millimeters from the |
200 | labeled end of the tobacco column for nonfiltered cigarettes. |
201 | (c) A manufacturer of a cigarette that the State Fire |
202 | Marshal determines cannot be tested in accordance with the test |
203 | method prescribed in subparagraph (a)1. shall propose a test |
204 | method and performance standard for the cigarette to the State |
205 | Fire Marshal. Upon approval of the proposed test method and a |
206 | determination by the State Fire Marshal that the performance |
207 | standard proposed by the manufacturer is equivalent to the |
208 | performance standard prescribed in subparagraph (a)3., the |
209 | manufacturer may employ such test method and performance |
210 | standard to certify such cigarette pursuant to subsection (5). |
211 | If the State Fire Marshal determines that another state has |
212 | enacted reduced cigarette ignition propensity standards that |
213 | include a test method and performance standard that are the same |
214 | as those contained in this section, and if the State Fire |
215 | Marshal finds that the officials responsible for implementing |
216 | those requirements have approved the proposed alternative test |
217 | method and performance standard for a particular cigarette |
218 | proposed by a manufacturer as meeting the firesafety standards |
219 | of that state's law or regulation under a legal provision |
220 | comparable to this subsection, the State Fire Marshal shall |
221 | authorize that manufacturer to employ the alternative test |
222 | method and performance standard to certify that cigarette for |
223 | sale in this state unless the State Fire Marshal demonstrates a |
224 | reasonable basis why the alternative test should not be accepted |
225 | under this section. All other applicable requirements of this |
226 | subsection shall apply to the manufacturer. |
227 | (d) Each manufacturer shall maintain copies of the reports |
228 | of all tests conducted on all cigarettes offered for sale for a |
229 | period of 3 years and shall make copies of the reports available |
230 | to the division, the State Fire Marshal, and the Attorney |
231 | General upon written request. Any manufacturer who fails to make |
232 | copies of the reports available within 60 days after receiving a |
233 | written request shall be subject to a civil penalty not to |
234 | exceed $10,000 for each day after the 60th day that the |
235 | manufacturer does not make such copies available. |
236 | (e) The State Fire Marshal may adopt a subsequent American |
237 | Society for Testing and Materials Standard Test Method for |
238 | Measuring the Ignition Strength of Cigarettes upon a finding |
239 | that such subsequent method does not result in a change in the |
240 | percentage of full-length burns exhibited by any tested |
241 | cigarette when compared to the percentage of full-length burns |
242 | the same cigarette would exhibit when tested in accordance with |
243 | American Society for Testing and Materials Standard E2187-04 and |
244 | the performance standard in subparagraph (a)3. |
245 | (f) The requirements of paragraph (a) shall not prohibit: |
246 | 1. Wholesale or retail dealers from selling their existing |
247 | inventory of cigarettes on or after the effective date of this |
248 | section if the wholesale or retail dealer can establish that |
249 | state tax stamps were affixed to the cigarettes prior to the |
250 | effective date and the wholesale or retail dealer can establish |
251 | that the inventory was purchased prior to the effective date in |
252 | comparable quantity to the inventory purchased during the same |
253 | period of the prior year; or |
254 | 2. The sale of cigarettes solely for the purpose of |
255 | consumer testing. For purposes of this subparagraph, the term |
256 | "consumer testing" means an assessment of cigarettes that is |
257 | conducted by or is under the control and direction of a |
258 | manufacturer for the purpose of evaluating consumer acceptance |
259 | of such cigarettes and that uses only the quantity of cigarettes |
260 | that is reasonably necessary for such assessment. |
261 | (g) It is the intent of the Legislature by this section to |
262 | promote uniformity among the states in the regulation of reduced |
263 | cigarette ignition propensity. As a result, the resolution of |
264 | issues regarding the interpretation and implementation of this |
265 | section should be made in a manner consistent with the New York |
266 | Fire Safety Standards for Cigarettes, New York Executive Law, |
267 | Section 156-C, as amended, and Part 429 of Title 19 New York |
268 | Codes, Rules, and Regulations, as amended, and the |
269 | interpretation and implementation thereof, as they exist on |
270 | March 1, 2008. |
271 | (5) CERTIFICATION AND PRODUCT CHANGE.-- |
272 | (a) Each manufacturer shall submit to the division a |
273 | written certification attesting that: |
274 | 1. Each cigarette listed in the certification has been |
275 | tested in accordance with subsection (4). |
276 | 2. Each cigarette listed in the certification meets the |
277 | performance standard set forth in subsection (4). |
278 | (b) Each cigarette listed in the certification shall be |
279 | described with the following information: |
280 | 1. Brand, or trade name, on the package. |
281 | 2. Style, such as light or ultra light. |
282 | 3. Length in millimeters. |
283 | 4. Circumference in millimeters. |
284 | 5. Flavor, such as menthol or chocolate, if applicable. |
285 | 6. Filter or nonfilter. |
286 | 7. Package description, such as soft pack or box. |
287 | 8. Marking pursuant to subsection (6). |
288 | 9. The name, address, and telephone number of the testing |
289 | laboratory, if different from the name, address, and telephone |
290 | number of the manufacturer that conducted the test. |
291 | 10. The date the testing occurred. |
292 | (c) Each certification shall be made available to the |
293 | Attorney General for purposes consistent with this section and |
294 | to the State Fire Marshal for the purposes of ensuring |
295 | compliance with this subsection. |
296 | (d) Each cigarette certified under this subsection shall |
297 | be recertified every 3 years. |
298 | (e) If a manufacturer has certified a cigarette pursuant |
299 | to this subsection and thereafter makes any change to such |
300 | cigarette that is likely to alter its compliance with the |
301 | reduced cigarette ignition propensity standards required by this |
302 | section, that cigarette shall not be sold or offered for sale in |
303 | this state until the manufacturer retests the cigarette in |
304 | accordance with the testing standards set forth in subsection |
305 | (4) and maintains records of that retesting as required by |
306 | subsection (4). Any altered cigarette that does not meet the |
307 | performance standard set forth in subsection (4) may not be sold |
308 | in this state. |
309 | (6) MARKING OF CIGARETTE PACKAGING.-- |
310 | (a) Cigarettes that are certified by a manufacturer in |
311 | accordance with subsection (5) shall be marked to indicate |
312 | compliance with the requirements of subsection (4). The marking |
313 | shall be in 8-point type or larger and consist of: |
314 | 1. Modification of the universal product code to include a |
315 | visible mark printed at or around the area of the universal |
316 | product code. The mark may consist of alphanumeric or symbolic |
317 | characters permanently stamped, engraved, embossed, or printed |
318 | in conjunction with the universal product code; |
319 | 2. Any visible combination of alphanumeric or symbolic |
320 | characters permanently stamped, engraved, or embossed upon the |
321 | cigarette package or cellophane wrap; or |
322 | 3. Printed, stamped, engraved, or embossed text that |
323 | indicates that the cigarettes meet the standards of this |
324 | section. |
325 | (b) A manufacturer shall use only one marking and shall |
326 | apply this marking uniformly for all brands and all packages, |
327 | including, but not limited to, packs, cartons, and cases, |
328 | marketed by that manufacturer. |
329 | (c) The division shall be notified as to the marking that |
330 | is selected. |
331 | (d) Prior to the certification of any cigarette, a |
332 | manufacturer shall present its proposed marking to the division |
333 | for approval. Upon receipt of the request, the division shall |
334 | approve or disapprove the marking offered, except that the |
335 | division shall approve: |
336 | 1. Any marking in use and approved for sale in the State |
337 | of New York pursuant to the New York Fire Safety Standards for |
338 | Cigarettes; or |
339 | 2. The letters "FSC," which signify "Fire Standards |
340 | Compliant," appearing in 8-point type or larger and permanently |
341 | printed, stamped, engraved, or embossed on the package at or |
342 | near the universal product code. |
343 | |
344 | Proposed markings shall be deemed approved if the division fails |
345 | to act within 10 business days after receiving a request for |
346 | approval. |
347 | (e) No manufacturer shall modify its approved marking |
348 | unless the modification has been approved by the division in |
349 | accordance with this subsection. |
350 | (f) Manufacturers certifying cigarettes in accordance with |
351 | subsection (5) shall provide a copy of the certifications to all |
352 | wholesale dealers and agents to which they sell cigarettes and |
353 | shall also provide sufficient copies of an illustration of the |
354 | package marking used by the manufacturer pursuant to this |
355 | subsection for each retail dealer to which the wholesale dealers |
356 | or agents sell cigarettes. Wholesale dealers and agents shall |
357 | provide a copy of these package markings received from |
358 | manufacturers to all retail dealers to which they sell |
359 | cigarettes. Wholesale dealers, agents, and retail dealers shall |
360 | permit the division, the State Fire Marshal, the Attorney |
361 | General, and their employees to inspect markings of cigarette |
362 | packaging marked in accordance with this subsection. |
363 | (7) PENALTIES.-- |
364 | (a) A manufacturer, wholesale dealer, agent, or any other |
365 | person or entity that knowingly sells or offers to sell |
366 | cigarettes, other than through retail sale, in violation of |
367 | subsection (4) shall be subject to a civil penalty not to exceed |
368 | $100 for each pack of such cigarettes sold or offered for sale. |
369 | In no case shall the penalty against any such person or entity |
370 | exceed $100,000 during any 30-day period. |
371 | (b) A retail dealer who knowingly sells or offers to sell |
372 | cigarettes in violation of subsection (4) shall be subject to a |
373 | civil penalty not to exceed $100 for each pack of such |
374 | cigarettes sold or offered for sale. In no case shall the |
375 | penalty against any retail dealer exceed $25,000 during any 30- |
376 | day period. |
377 | (c) In addition to any penalty prescribed by law, any |
378 | corporation, partnership, sole proprietor, limited partnership, |
379 | or association engaged in the manufacture of cigarettes that |
380 | knowingly makes a false certification pursuant to subsection (5) |
381 | shall be subject to a civil penalty of at least $75,000 and not |
382 | to exceed $250,000 for each such false certification. |
383 | (d) Any person violating any other provision of this |
384 | section shall be subject to a civil penalty not to exceed $1,000 |
385 | for a first offense and not to exceed $5,000 for each subsequent |
386 | offense. |
387 | (e) Any penalties collected under this subsection shall be |
388 | deposited into the Insurance Regulatory Trust Fund of the |
389 | Department of Financial Services to support costs associated |
390 | with the responsibilities of the State Fire Marshal under this |
391 | section. |
392 | (f) In addition to any other remedy provided by law, the |
393 | division, the State Fire Marshal, or the Attorney General may |
394 | file an action in circuit court for a violation of this section, |
395 | including petitioning for injunctive relief or to recover any |
396 | costs or damages suffered by the state because of a violation of |
397 | this section, including enforcement costs relating to the |
398 | specific violation and attorney's fees. Each violation of this |
399 | section or of rules adopted under this section constitutes a |
400 | separate civil violation for which the division, the State Fire |
401 | Marshal, or the Attorney General may obtain relief. |
402 | (g) Whenever any law enforcement personnel or duly |
403 | authorized representative of the division discovers any |
404 | cigarettes that have not been marked in the manner required by |
405 | subsection (6), such personnel or representative is authorized |
406 | and empowered to seize and take possession of such cigarettes. |
407 | Such cigarettes shall be turned over to the division and shall |
408 | be forfeited to the state. Cigarettes seized pursuant to this |
409 | paragraph shall be destroyed; however, prior to the destruction |
410 | of any such cigarette, the true holder of the trademark rights |
411 | in the cigarette brand shall be permitted to inspect the |
412 | cigarette. |
413 | (8) IMPLEMENTATION.-- |
414 | (a) The division and the State Fire Marshal may adopt |
415 | rules to implement the provisions of this section. |
416 | (b) The division, in the regular course of conducting |
417 | inspections of wholesale dealers, agents, and retail dealers as |
418 | authorized pursuant to chapter 210, may inspect such cigarettes |
419 | to determine if the cigarettes are marked as required by |
420 | subsection (6). |
421 | (9) INSPECTION.--To enforce the provisions of this |
422 | section, the Attorney General, the State Fire Marshal, the |
423 | division, and their duly authorized representatives and other |
424 | law enforcement personnel are authorized to examine the books, |
425 | papers, invoices, and other records of any person in possession, |
426 | control, or occupancy of any premises where cigarettes are |
427 | placed, stored, sold, or offered for sale, as well as the stock |
428 | of cigarettes on the premises. Every person in the possession, |
429 | control, or occupancy of any premises where cigarettes are |
430 | placed, sold, or offered for sale is directed and required to |
431 | give the Attorney General, the State Fire Marshal, the division, |
432 | and their duly authorized representatives and other law |
433 | enforcement personnel the means, facilities, and opportunity for |
434 | the examinations authorized by this subsection. |
435 | (10) SALE OUTSIDE OF FLORIDA.--Nothing in this section |
436 | shall be construed to prohibit any person or entity from |
437 | manufacturing or selling cigarettes that do not meet the |
438 | requirements of subsection (4) if the cigarettes are or will be |
439 | stamped for sale in another state or are packaged for sale |
440 | outside the United States and that person or entity has taken |
441 | reasonable steps to ensure that such cigarettes will not be sold |
442 | or offered for sale to persons located in this state. |
443 | (11) PREEMPTION.--This section shall be repealed if a |
444 | federal reduced cigarette ignition propensity standard that |
445 | preempts this section is adopted and becomes effective. |
446 | Section 2. Effective upon this act becoming a law, and |
447 | notwithstanding any other provision of law, local government |
448 | units of this state may neither enact nor enforce any ordinance |
449 | or other local law or regulation conflicting with, or preempted |
450 | by, any provision of this act or any policy of this state |
451 | expressed by this act, whether that policy be expressed by |
452 | inclusion of a provision in this act or by exclusion of that |
453 | subject from this act. |
454 | Section 3. Except as otherwise expressly provided in this |
455 | act, this act shall take effect January 1, 2010. |