1 | A bill to be entitled |
2 | An act relating to public meeting requirements for |
3 | governing boards of local government authorities; creating |
4 | s. 286.0114, F.S.; creating the "Vox Populi - Voice of the |
5 | People Act"; providing definitions; providing purpose; |
6 | providing requirements with respect to decorum in meetings |
7 | of the governing boards of local government authorities; |
8 | requiring the governing body of a local government |
9 | authority to provide specified opportunities for citizens |
10 | to address issues at meetings of the governing body; |
11 | prescribing allocations of time for citizen participation; |
12 | providing restrictions with respect to the placement of |
13 | non-agenda and citizen-participation orders of business |
14 | within an order of consideration; providing procedures and |
15 | requirements with respect to specified orders of business |
16 | and agendas of meetings of governing boards of local |
17 | government authorities; defining "public hearings"; |
18 | requiring local government authorities to adopt a written |
19 | policy that implements the requirements of the act by a |
20 | specified date; providing for public and electronic |
21 | notification of policy; providing construction; providing |
22 | an effective date. |
23 |
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24 | WHEREAS, despite Florida's reputation for having far- |
25 | reaching and effective open government laws, some local |
26 | governments in the state do not allow, or severely restrict |
27 | without proper guidelines, the ability of citizens to speak or |
28 | comment on agenda items during their public meetings, and |
29 | WHEREAS, though some local governments have policies which |
30 | provide for public participation, some have also developed a |
31 | variety of methods for circumventing their own policies, such as |
32 | characterizing agenda items as "workshops" or "discussions" or |
33 | as items on which "no vote will be taken," and |
34 | WHEREAS, other methods of frustrating citizen participation |
35 | include simple refusal by the chair of the local governing body |
36 | to recognize a citizen who wishes to speak or the imposition of |
37 | a precondition that a prospective speaker must contact the local |
38 | government authority in advance of the meeting to advise them of |
39 | his or her desire to address the body, and |
40 | WHEREAS, as a result, citizens are increasingly frustrated |
41 | in their attempts to speak or comment at meetings of local |
42 | government authorities, often traveling to such meetings |
43 | multiple times, only to find that they are not given the |
44 | opportunity to be heard, and |
45 | WHEREAS, the curtailment of citizen participation in local |
46 | government is antithetical not only to the expressed intent of |
47 | Florida's highly respected open government laws but to the |
48 | principles on which this nation was founded, and |
49 | WHEREAS, it is the intent of the Legislature, through this |
50 | act, to prevent local governments from thwarting their citizens' |
51 | right to speak on issues of concern to them and to codify the |
52 | entitlement to certain basic levels of citizen participation and |
53 | input at meetings of local government authorities, NOW, |
54 | THEREFORE, |
55 |
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56 | Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Florida: |
57 |
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58 | Section 1. Section 286.0114, Florida Statutes, is created |
59 | to read: |
60 | 286.0114 Meetings of governing bodies of local government |
61 | authorities; citizen participation entitlement.-- |
62 | (1) SHORT TITLE.--This act may be cited as the "Vox Populi |
63 | - Voice of the People Act." |
64 | (2) DEFINITIONS.--For purposes of this section, the term: |
65 | (a) "Governing body" means the governing body or governing |
66 | board of a local government authority as defined in paragraph |
67 | (b), and includes both elected and appointed members thereof. |
68 | (b) "Local government authority" means any regional, |
69 | county, or municipal governmental entity, special district, |
70 | community college district, or school district, or any elected |
71 | or appointed political subdivision thereof. |
72 | (c) "Public meeting" means any meeting of the governing |
73 | body of a local government authority, whether designated as a |
74 | regular meeting, special meeting, or emergency meeting, not |
75 | otherwise exempt from public meeting requirements under state or |
76 | federal law. |
77 | (3) PURPOSE.--The State of Florida is committed to |
78 | democratic, participatory government that seeks to involve |
79 | citizens in all aspects of the decisionmaking process. The |
80 | purpose of this act is to delineate and prescribe uniform |
81 | requirements with respect to opportunities for citizen input and |
82 | full citizen participation at official meetings of governing |
83 | bodies of local government authorities. |
84 | (4) MEETING DECORUM.-- |
85 | (a) Meetings of the governing body of a local government |
86 | authority are formal governmental meetings that are conducted to |
87 | transact public business. In conducting the public's business, |
88 | the governing body shall maintain a commitment to the principles |
89 | of civility, honor, and dignity. Individuals appearing before |
90 | the governing body of a local government authority are required |
91 | to observe these principles when making comments on items and |
92 | issues before the governing body for consideration. |
93 | (b) Individuals appearing before the governing body may, |
94 | but shall not be required to, state their name and address for |
95 | the public record. All comments must be made from an easily |
96 | accessible central location or by other reasonable |
97 | accommodations and shall address the subject of the agenda item. |
98 | Members of the governing body, staff members, and citizens are |
99 | required to use civil and appropriate language when addressing |
100 | the governing body or the audience and must refrain from using |
101 | profanity, cursing, or exhibiting aggressive or threatening |
102 | behavior when addressing the governing body or other |
103 | participants. All comments must be directed to the presiding |
104 | officer and not to individual members of the governing body or |
105 | to the audience. No personal verbal attacks toward any |
106 | individual by either the governing body, staff, or citizens |
107 | shall be allowed during a meeting of the governing body. |
108 | (c) Participants shall adhere to their allotted time for |
109 | addressing the governing body as provided in this section and |
110 | may submit written documents in order to fully address their |
111 | concerns with the governing body. |
112 | (5) CITIZEN PARTICIPATION ENTITLEMENT; REQUIREMENTS.--The |
113 | governing body of a local government authority must provide |
114 | opportunities for citizens to address issues at official |
115 | meetings of the governing body during each order of business as |
116 | described in paragraphs (a)-(f): |
117 | (a) Non-agenda or citizen-participation order of |
118 | business.-- |
119 | 1. The governing body of a local government authority must |
120 | allocate, at a minimum, 15 minutes at the beginning of each |
121 | meeting of the governing body for citizens who wish to appear |
122 | before the governing body to make a request of the governing |
123 | body, voice a complaint or concern, express an opinion, or |
124 | express recognition. The presiding officer shall divide the |
125 | allotted time equally among all who have registered to speak, |
126 | but in no case may a citizen be allotted less than 3 minutes to |
127 | speak. An extension of time may be granted by the presiding |
128 | officer at the discretion of the presiding officer or upon a |
129 | majority vote of the governing body. If an item presented under |
130 | the citizen-participation portion of the non-agenda order of |
131 | business requires a longer presentation by the citizen or |
132 | requires staff research or materials, the item shall be |
133 | rescheduled by the presiding officer for a future meeting of the |
134 | governing body under the citizen-participation portion of the |
135 | order of business dealing with agenda items. |
136 | 2. The non-agenda or citizen-participation order of |
137 | business shall be scheduled near the beginning of the meeting |
138 | and in no event shall the non-agenda or citizen-participation |
139 | order of business be the final item on the order of business, |
140 | unless provision is made for more than one non-agenda or |
141 | citizen-participation order of business per meeting. |
142 | (b) Agenda order of business.-- |
143 | 1. An item brought before the governing body under the |
144 | citizen-participation or non-agenda order of business which |
145 | cannot be presented within the prescribed 3-minute timeframe or |
146 | which requires additional research or materials in order for the |
147 | governing body to properly respond may be placed on the |
148 | governing body's agenda by either of the following means: |
149 | a. The presiding officer shall schedule the item for a |
150 | future meeting of the governing body under the citizen- |
151 | participation portion of the agenda; or |
152 | b. The citizen must submit a request in writing to appear |
153 | on the governing body's agenda and file such request with the |
154 | office of the appropriate official designated by the governing |
155 | body for the filing of such request a minimum of 2 weeks in |
156 | advance of the meeting of the governing body. The written |
157 | request shall state the nature of the item and shall request |
158 | that the item be placed on an upcoming agenda of the governing |
159 | body. A copy of the letter must be provided to the governing |
160 | body on the day that it is received by the designated official's |
161 | office. The designated official shall ensure that a copy of the |
162 | letter is provided to the proper governmental department so that |
163 | research can be conducted and information provided to the |
164 | governing body as part of the agenda and to allow staff an |
165 | appropriate amount of time to prepare a staff report and provide |
166 | additional data to the governing body that will assist in making |
167 | a decision. |
168 | 2. The individual making the request and the staff of the |
169 | governing body shall be granted all the time necessary to make |
170 | the presentation. Any other individual who wishes to address the |
171 | governing body in either support of or opposition to the agenda |
172 | item shall be allotted no less than 3 minutes to make his or her |
173 | presentation. An extension of time may be granted by the |
174 | presiding officer at the discretion of the presiding officer or |
175 | upon a majority vote of the governing body. The presiding |
176 | officer may rule an individual out of order if he or she begins |
177 | repeating information that has already been presented by either |
178 | the individual who made the request or another individual who |
179 | has already spoken either in favor of or in opposition to the |
180 | agenda item. |
181 | (c) Submission of petitions.--With respect to the order of |
182 | business devoted to petitions to the governing body that are not |
183 | part of another agenda item or that are part of the citizen- |
184 | participation portion of the non-agenda order of business, the |
185 | allotment of time for the presentation must be no less than 3 |
186 | minutes. An extension of time may be granted by the presiding |
187 | officer at the discretion of the presiding officer or upon a |
188 | majority vote of the governing body. If the extension is not |
189 | granted, the citizen may request that the item be scheduled as |
190 | an agenda item pursuant to subparagraph (a)1. |
191 | (d) Public hearings.-- |
192 | 1.a. For purposes of this section, "public hearings" are |
193 | formal hearings conducted by the governing body of a local |
194 | government authority pursuant to state or federal law which may: |
195 | (I) Be legally noticed. |
196 | (II) Be advertised hearings for specific items scheduled |
197 | on the agenda of the governing body. |
198 | (III) Be quasi-judicial or legislative in nature. |
199 | (IV) Have specific formats that must be followed and that |
200 | are established by law. |
201 | b. All ordinance considerations are conducted as formal |
202 | public hearings and are normally considered as a normal agenda |
203 | item. In cases of ordinance consideration, the presiding officer |
204 | shall announce that the hearing is a public hearing. |
205 | 2. During a public hearing, a citizen other than an |
206 | applicant who wishes to address the governing body may do so by |
207 | either completing a citizen-participation form prior to the |
208 | commencement of the meeting or by raising his or her hand at the |
209 | time the presiding officer inquires as to the presence of |
210 | citizens wishing to address the issue and waiting to be |
211 | recognized by the presiding officer. Persons who have completed |
212 | a citizen-participation form prior to the beginning of the |
213 | meeting shall be allowed to speak first. All individuals |
214 | addressing the governing body must clearly state their name and |
215 | address for the record. Citizens shall be allotted no less than |
216 | 3 minutes per person to address the governing body. An extension |
217 | of time may be granted by the presiding officer at the |
218 | discretion of the presiding officer or upon a majority vote of |
219 | the governing body. The presiding officer may rule an individual |
220 | out of order if he or she begins to repeat information or |
221 | present material that has already been presented by the other |
222 | speakers. |
223 | (e) Regular agenda.-- |
224 | 1. The governing body must provide an opportunity for |
225 | citizens to address all other agenda items, allowing citizens to |
226 | speak in favor of or in opposition to a normal agenda item or to |
227 | ask questions about such item. If the item is on the governing |
228 | body's consent agenda and a citizen expresses a desire to speak |
229 | to or ask questions regarding the item, the governing body must |
230 | withdraw the item from the consent agenda. Citizens must be |
231 | allowed no less than 3 minutes to comment or ask questions |
232 | regarding the item. An extension of time may be granted by the |
233 | presiding officer at the discretion of the presiding officer or |
234 | upon a majority vote of the governing body. If the citizen's |
235 | questions cannot be answered in a reasonably brief amount of |
236 | time, the governing body may table the item and schedule it at a |
237 | regular meeting of the governing body or take final action on |
238 | the item. The presiding officer must recognize all who wish to |
239 | speak. The presiding officer may rule an individual out of order |
240 | if he or she begins to repeat information or present materials |
241 | presented by other speakers. |
242 | 2. If the item is on the non-consent agenda, citizens must |
243 | be given no less than 3 minutes to comment or ask questions |
244 | about the agenda item, with an extension of time to be granted |
245 | by the presiding officer at the discretion of the presiding |
246 | officer or upon a majority vote of the governing body. The |
247 | presiding officer must recognize all who wish to speak. The |
248 | presiding officer may rule an individual out of order if he or |
249 | she begins to repeat information or present materials presented |
250 | by other speakers. |
251 | (f) Governing body reports and comments.--At the |
252 | conclusion of each meeting of the governing body, the governing |
253 | body must schedule an order of business during which the |
254 | governing body reports with respect to various boards, |
255 | committees, and groups on which the local government authority |
256 | is represented. The governing body must allocate time to make |
257 | general comments during which citizens who desire additional |
258 | information concerning such boards, committees, and groups and |
259 | the actions thereof may try to obtain information and during |
260 | which citizens can address or seek clarification on general |
261 | comments made by the governing body. The presiding officer must |
262 | allow citizens to comment on or ask questions regarding reports |
263 | or comments made by the governing body members. Citizens must be |
264 | given no less than 3 minutes to comment or ask questions. An |
265 | extension of time may be granted by the presiding officer at the |
266 | discretion of the presiding officer or upon a majority vote of |
267 | the governing body. The questions or comments must address the |
268 | item that is being presented to the governing body by the other |
269 | governing body members. The presiding officer must recognize an |
270 | individual who indicates a desire to speak on the item. The |
271 | presiding officer may rule an individual out of order if he or |
272 | she is not addressing the issue that is being discussed or is |
273 | repeating information or presenting materials that have been |
274 | presented by others. |
275 | (6) ADOPTION OF WRITTEN POLICY.--Each local government |
276 | authority must adopt a written policy that implements the |
277 | requirements of this section by October 1, 2008. The policy must |
278 | be prominently displayed at the site of all meetings of the |
279 | local government authority that are subject to the provisions of |
280 | this act. If the local government authority maintains a website, |
281 | the policy or a link thereto must be prominently displayed on |
282 | the home page of the website within 30 days after the adoption |
283 | of the policy. |
284 | (7) CONSTRUCTION.-- Nothing in this act shall preclude a |
285 | local government authority from adopting a policy that provides |
286 | for greater rights or opportunities for citizens to comment on |
287 | or participate in public meetings of the governing body of a |
288 | local government authority. |
289 | Section 2. This act shall take effect July 1, 2008. |