CS/CS/HB 485

1
A bill to be entitled
2An act relating to fast track economic stimulus for small
3businesses; amending s. 213.053, F.S.; authorizing the
4Department of Revenue to share certain confidential
5taxpayer information with the Office of Tourism, Trade,
6and Economic Development; preserving certain
7confidentiality of such information; amending s. 220.02,
8F.S.; revising legislative intent with respect to the
9order of tax credits to include the New Markets
10Development Program tax credit; amending s. 220.13, F.S.;
11revising a definition; creating ss. 288.991-288.9922,
12F.S.; providing a short title; establishing the New
13Markets Development Program; providing a purpose;
14providing definitions; providing for a tax credit for
15making certain qualified equity investments; specifying a
16credit amount; providing for uses of the credit;
17prohibiting sale or transfer of such credits; authorizing
18allocation of the credit; specifying limitations on such
19credits; specifying application and certification
20requirements and procedures for the Office of Tourism,
21Trade, and Economic Development to qualify certain equity
22investments as eligible for tax credits; providing for
23application fees; providing duties and responsibilities of
24the Department of Revenue; limiting the amount of
25investments the office may certify; providing requirements
26and limitations on issuance of certified equity
27investments; providing for calculation of tax credits;
28limiting the amount of the tax credit that may be redeemed
29in a fiscal year; providing for carryover of unredeemed
30tax credits under certain circumstances; providing for
31redemption of tax credits; specifying how tax credits may
32be claimed by insurance companies; requiring the
33calculations to be certified and accompanied by audited
34financial statements and notarized affidavits; providing
35requirements for recapture of tax credits under certain
36circumstances; requiring notice of proposed recapture;
37providing requirements for compliance and audits of
38qualified equity investments; providing annual reporting
39requirements for certain community development entities;
40providing annual reporting requirements for the office;
41authorizing the office to conduct certain examinations;
42authorizing the office to revoke or modify tax credit
43authorizations under certain circumstances; providing for
44taxpayer liability for reimbursement of fraudulently
45claimed tax credits; providing penalties; authorizing the
46office and the department to adopt rules; providing for
47future repeal of the tax credit program; providing an
48effective date.
49
50Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Florida:
51
52     Section 1.  Subsection (19) is added to section 213.053,
53Florida Statutes, to read:
54     213.053  Confidentiality and information sharing.--
55     (19)  The department may disclose information relative to
56tax credits taken by a taxpayer pursuant to s. 288.9916 to the
57Office of Tourism, Trade, and Economic Development or its
58employees or agents. Such employees must be identified in
59writing by the office to the department. All information
60disclosed under this subsection is subject to the same
61requirements of confidentiality and the same penalties for
62violation of the requirements as the department.
63     Section 2.  Subsection (8) of section 220.02, Florida
64Statutes, is amended to read:
65     220.02  Legislative intent.--
66     (8)  It is the intent of the Legislature that credits
67against either the corporate income tax or the franchise tax be
68applied in the following order: those enumerated in s. 631.828,
69those enumerated in s. 220.191, those enumerated in s. 220.181,
70those enumerated in s. 220.183, those enumerated in s. 220.182,
71those enumerated in s. 220.1895, those enumerated in s. 221.02,
72those enumerated in s. 220.184, those enumerated in s. 220.186,
73those enumerated in s. 220.1845, those enumerated in s. 220.19,
74those enumerated in s. 220.185, those enumerated in s. 220.187,
75those enumerated in s. 220.192, and those enumerated in s.
76220.193, and those enumerated in s. 288.9916.
77     Section 3.  Paragraph (a) of subsection (1) of section
78220.13, Florida Statutes, is amended to read:
79     220.13  "Adjusted federal income" defined.--
80     (1)  The term "adjusted federal income" means an amount
81equal to the taxpayer's taxable income as defined in subsection
82(2), or such taxable income of more than one taxpayer as
83provided in s. 220.131, for the taxable year, adjusted as
84follows:
85     (a)  Additions.--There shall be added to such taxable
86income:
87     1.  The amount of any tax upon or measured by income,
88excluding taxes based on gross receipts or revenues, paid or
89accrued as a liability to the District of Columbia or any state
90of the United States which is deductible from gross income in
91the computation of taxable income for the taxable year.
92     2.  The amount of interest which is excluded from taxable
93income under s. 103(a) of the Internal Revenue Code or any other
94federal law, less the associated expenses disallowed in the
95computation of taxable income under s. 265 of the Internal
96Revenue Code or any other law, excluding 60 percent of any
97amounts included in alternative minimum taxable income, as
98defined in s. 55(b)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code, if the
99taxpayer pays tax under s. 220.11(3).
100     3.  In the case of a regulated investment company or real
101estate investment trust, an amount equal to the excess of the
102net long-term capital gain for the taxable year over the amount
103of the capital gain dividends attributable to the taxable year.
104     4.  That portion of the wages or salaries paid or incurred
105for the taxable year which is equal to the amount of the credit
106allowable for the taxable year under s. 220.181. This
107subparagraph shall expire on the date specified in s. 290.016
108for the expiration of the Florida Enterprise Zone Act.
109     5.  That portion of the ad valorem school taxes paid or
110incurred for the taxable year which is equal to the amount of
111the credit allowable for the taxable year under s. 220.182. This
112subparagraph shall expire on the date specified in s. 290.016
113for the expiration of the Florida Enterprise Zone Act.
114     6.  The amount of emergency excise tax paid or accrued as a
115liability to this state under chapter 221 which tax is
116deductible from gross income in the computation of taxable
117income for the taxable year.
118     7.  That portion of assessments to fund a guaranty
119association incurred for the taxable year which is equal to the
120amount of the credit allowable for the taxable year.
121     8.  In the case of a nonprofit corporation which holds a
122pari-mutuel permit and which is exempt from federal income tax
123as a farmers' cooperative, an amount equal to the excess of the
124gross income attributable to the pari-mutuel operations over the
125attributable expenses for the taxable year.
126     9.  The amount taken as a credit for the taxable year under
127s. 220.1895.
128     10.  Up to nine percent of the eligible basis of any
129designated project which is equal to the credit allowable for
130the taxable year under s. 220.185.
131     11.  The amount taken as a credit for the taxable year
132under s. 220.187.
133     12.  The amount taken as a credit for the taxable year
134under s. 220.192.
135     13.  The amount taken as a credit for the taxable year
136under s. 220.193.
137     14.  Any amount in excess of $25,000 allowable as a
138deduction for federal income tax purposes under s. 179 of the
139Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, for the taxable year.
140     15.  Any amount allowable as a deduction for federal income
141tax purposes under s. 167 or s. 168 of the Internal Revenue Code
142of 1986, as amended, for the taxable year to the extent that
143such amount includes bonus depreciation allowable as deduction
144under s. 168(k).
145     16.  Any portion of a qualified investment, as defined in
146s. 288.9913, which is claimed as a deduction by the taxpayer and
147taken as a credit against income tax pursuant to s. 288.9916.
148     Section 4.  Section 288.991, Florida Statutes, is created
149to read:
150     288.991  Short title.--Sections 288.991-288.9922 may be
151cited as the "New Markets Development Program Act."
152     Section 5.  Section 288.9912, Florida Statutes, is created
153to read:
154     288.9912  New Markets Development Program; purpose.--The
155New Markets Development Program is established to encourage
156capital investment in rural and urban low-income communities by
157allowing taxpayers to earn credits against specified taxes by
158investing in qualified community development entities that make
159qualified low-income community investments in qualified active
160low-income community businesses to create and retain jobs.
161     Section 6.  Section 288.9913, Florida Statutes, is created
162to read:
163     288.9913  Definitions.--As used in ss. 288.991-288.9922,
164the term:
165     (1)  "Credit allowance date" means:
166     (a)  The date on which a qualified investment is made; and
167     (b)  Each of the six anniversaries of that date.
168     (2)  "Department" means the Department of Revenue.
169     (3)  "Long-term debt security" means a debt instrument
170issued by a qualified community development entity at par value
171or a premium which has a maturity date of at least 7 years
172following the date of its issuance, with no acceleration of
173repayment, amortization, or prepayment features prior to its
174original maturity date, except in instances of default.
175     (4)  "Low-income community" means any population census
176tract within the state where:
177     1.  The poverty rate of such tract is at least 20 percent;
178or
179     2.  In the case of a tract that is:
180     a.  Not located within a metropolitan area, the median
181family income for such tract does not exceed 80 percent of the
182statewide median family income; or
183     b.  Located within a metropolitan area, the median family
184income for such tract does not exceed 80 percent of the greater
185of the statewide median family income or the metropolitan area
186median income.
187     (5)  "Office" means the Office of Tourism, Trade, and
188Economic Development.
189     (6)  "Purchase price" means the amount of cash paid to a
190qualified community development entity in exchange for a
191qualified investment.
192     (7)  "Qualified active low-income community business" means
193a corporation, including a nonprofit corporation, or partnership
194that:
195     (a)1.  Derives at least 50 percent of its total gross
196income from the active conduct of business within any low-income
197community for any taxable year;
198     2.  Uses a substantial portion of its tangible property,
199whether owned or leased, within any low-income community for any
200taxable year;
201     3.  Performs a substantial portion of its services through
202its employees in a low-income community for any taxable year;
203     4.  Attributes less than 5 percent of the average of the
204aggregate unadjusted bases of the property of the entity to
205collectibles, as defined in 26 U.S.C. s. 408(m)(2), other than
206collectibles that are held primarily for sale to customers in
207the ordinary course of the business for any taxable year; and
208     5.  Attributes less than 5 percent of the average of the
209aggregate unadjusted bases of the property of the entity to
210nonqualified financial property, as defined in 26 U.S.C. s.
2111397C(e), for any taxable year.
212     (b)  Is reasonably expected by a qualified community
213development entity at the time of an investment to continue to
214satisfy the requirements of paragraphs (a), (c), and (d) for the
215duration of the investment.
216     (c)  Satisfies the requirements of paragraphs (a) and (b),
217but does not:
218     1.  Derive or project to derive 15 percent or more of its
219annual revenue from the rental or sale of real estate;
220     2.  Engage predominantly in the development or holding of
221intangibles for sale or license;
222     3.  Operate a private or commercial golf course, country
223club, massage parlor, hot tub facility, suntan facility,
224racetrack, gambling facility, or a store the principal business
225of which is the sale of alcoholic beverages for consumption off
226premises; or
227     4.  Engage principally in farming and owns or leases assets
228the sum of the aggregate unadjusted bases or the fair market
229value of which exceeds $500,000.
230     (d)  Will create or retain jobs that pay an average wage of
231at least 115 percent of the federal poverty income guidelines
232for a family of four.
233     (8)  "Qualified community development entity" means an
234entity that:
235     (a)1.  Is certified by the Secretary of the United States
236Department of the Treasury as a qualified community development
237entity under 26 U.S.C. s. 45D; and
238     2.  Has entered into, or is controlled by an entity that
239has entered into, an allocation agreement with the Community
240Development Financial Institutions Fund of the United States
241Department of the Treasury with respect to tax credits under 26
242U.S.C. s. 45D and is authorized to serve businesses in this
243state under the agreement; or
244     (b)  Is Enterprise Florida, Inc., or an entity created by
245Enterprise Florida, Inc.
246     (9)  "Qualified investment" means an equity investment in,
247or a long-term debt security issued by, a qualified community
248development entity that:
249     (a)  Is issued solely in exchange for cash; and
250     (b)  Is designated by the qualified community development
251entity as a qualified investment under this paragraph and is
252approved by the office as a qualified investment.
253     (10)  "Qualified low-income community investment" means a
254capital or equity investment in, or loan to, any qualified
255active low-income community business.
256     Section 7.  Section 288.9914, Florida Statutes, is created
257to read:
258     288.9914  Certification of qualified investments;
259investment issuance reporting.--
260     (1)  ELIGIBLE INDUSTRIES.--
261     (a)  The office, in consultation with Enterprise Florida,
262Inc., shall designate industries using the North American
263Industry Classification System which are eligible to receive
264low-income community investments. The designated industries must
265be those industries that have the greatest potential to create
266strong positive impacts on or benefits to the state, regional,
267and local economies.
268     (b)  A qualified community development entity may not make
269a qualified low-income community investment in a business unless
270the principal activities of the business are within an eligible
271industry. The office may waive this limitation if the office
272determines that the investment will have a positive impact on a
273community.
274     (2)  APPLICATION.--A qualified community development entity
275must submit an application to the office to approve a proposed
276investment as a qualified investment. The application must
277include:
278     (a)  The name, address, and tax identification number of
279the qualified community development entity.
280     (b)  Proof of certification as a qualified community
281development entity under 26 U.S.C. s. 45D.
282     (c)  A copy of an allocation agreement executed by the
283entity, or its controlling entity, and the Community Development
284Financial Institutions Fund, which authorizes the entity to
285serve businesses in this state.
286     (d)  A verified statement by the chief executive officer of
287the entity that the allocation agreement remains in effect.
288     (e)  A description of the proposed amount, structure, and
289purchaser of an equity investment or long-term debt security.
290     (f)  The name and tax identification number of any person
291authorized to claim a tax credit earned as a result of the
292purchase of the proposed qualified investment.
293     (g)  A detailed explanation of the proposed use of the
294proceeds from a proposed qualified investment.
295     (h)  A nonrefundable application fee of $1,000, payable to
296the office.
297     (i)  A statement that the entity will invest only in the
298industries designated by the office.
299     (j)  The entity's plans for the development of
300relationships with community-based organizations, local
301community development offices and organizations, and economic
302development organizations. The entity must also explain steps it
303has taken to implement its plans to develop these relationships.
304     (k)  A statement that the entity will not invest in a
305qualified active low-income community business unless the
306business will create or retain jobs that pay an average wage of
307at least 115 percent of the federal poverty income guidelines
308for a family of four.
309     (3)  REVIEW.--
310     (a)  The office shall review applications to approve an
311investment as a qualified investment in the order received. The
312office shall approve or deny an application within 30 days after
313receipt.
314     (b)  If the office intends to deny the application, the
315office shall inform the applicant of the basis of the proposed
316denial. The applicant shall have 15 days after it receives the
317notice of the intent to deny the application to submit a revised
318application to the office. The office shall issue a final order
319approving or denying the revised application within 30 days
320after receipt.
321     (c)  The office may not approve a cumulative amount of
322qualified investments that may result in the claim of more than
323$97.5 million in tax credits during the existence of the program
324or more than $20 million in tax credits in a single state fiscal
325year. However, the potential for a taxpayer to carry forward an
326unused tax credit may not be considered in calculating the
327annual limit.
328     (4)  APPROVAL.--
329     (a)  The office shall provide a copy of the final order
330approving an investment as a qualified investment to the
331qualified community development entity and to the department.
332The notice shall include the identity of the taxpayers who are
333eligible to claim the tax credits and the amount that may be
334claimed by each taxpayer.
335     (b)  The office shall approve an application for part of
336the amount of the proposed investment if the amount of tax
337credits available are insufficient.
338     (c)  If more than one application is found to comply with
339subsection (3) on the same day and the amount of tax credits
340available are insufficient for all of the applications, the tax
341credits available to each applicant shall be in proportion to
342the proposed purchase price to the total purchase price of all
343of the proposed investments.
344     (5)  DURATION OF APPROVAL.--The qualified community
345development entity must issue the qualified investment in
346exchange for cash within 60 days after it receives the order
347approving an investment as a qualified investment, otherwise the
348order is void.
349     (6)  REPORT OF ISSUANCE OF A QUALIFIED INVESTMENT.--The
350qualified community development entity must provide the office
351with evidence of the receipt of the cash in exchange for the
352qualified investment within 30 business days after receipt.
353     Section 8.  Section 288.9915, Florida Statutes, is created
354to read:
355     288.9915  Use of proceeds from qualified investments;
356recordkeeping.--
357     (1)  A qualified community development entity may not make
358cash interest payments on a long-term debt security that is a
359qualified investment in excess of the entity's operating income
360for 6 years following the issuance of the security.
361     (2)  A qualified community development entity shall keep
362detailed records showing the use of proceeds from qualified
363investments to fund qualified low-income community investments.
364     (3)  A qualified active low-income community business,
365including its affiliates, may not receive more than $10 million
366in qualified low-income community investments under the New
367Markets Development Program Act.
368     Section 9.  Section 288.9916, Florida Statutes, is created
369to read:
370     288.9916  New markets tax credit.--
371     (1)  A person or entity that makes a qualified investment
372earns a vested tax credit pursuant to the New Markets
373Development Program Act against taxes under s. 220.11 or s.
374624.509 equal to 39 percent of the purchase price of the
375qualified investment. The holder of a qualified investment may
376claim the tax credit as follows:
377     (a)  The holder may apply 7 percent of the purchase price
378against its tax liability in the tax year containing the third
379credit allowance date.
380     (b)  The holder may apply 8 percent of the purchase price
381against its tax liability in the tax years containing the fourth
382through seventh credit allowance dates.
383     (c)  A taxpayer may not claim a tax credit in excess of the
384taxpayer's tax liability. If the credit granted pursuant to this
385section is not fully used in any single year because of
386insufficient tax liability on the part of the taxpayer, the
387unused amount may be carried forward for a period not to exceed
3885 years. The carryover credit may be used in a subsequent year
389when the tax imposed for such year exceeds the credit for such
390year, after applying the other credits and unused credit
391carryovers in the order provided in s. 220.02(8). Carryover
392credit amounts shall be treated as unused credits for purposes
393of the transfer of unused credits pursuant to paragraph (2)(b).
394     (d)  An insurance company that is subject to the insurance
395premium tax under s. 624.509 must apply the tax credit against
396the insurance premium tax. An insurer that claims a credit
397against premium tax liability earned by making a qualified
398investment under this section is not required to pay any
399additional retaliatory tax levied pursuant to s. 624.5091 as a
400result of claiming the tax credit. If the credit granted
401pursuant to this section is not fully used in any single year
402because of insufficient tax liability on the part of the
403taxpayer, the unused amount may be carried forward for a period
404not to exceed 5 years. The carryover credit may be used in a
405subsequent year when the tax imposed for such year exceeds the
406credit for such year, after applying the other credits and
407unused credit carryovers. Carryover credit amounts shall be
408treated as unused credits for purposes of the transfer of unused
409credits pursuant to paragraph (2)(b).
410     (2)  A tax credit earned under this section may not be sold
411or transferred, except as provided in this subsection.
412     (a)  A partner, member, or shareholder of a partnership,
413limited liability company, S-corporation, or other "pass-
414through" entity may claim the tax credit pursuant to an
415agreement among the partners, members, or shareholders. Any
416change in the allocation of a tax credit under the agreement
417must be reported to the office and to the department.
418     (b)  Eligibility to claim a tax credit transfers to
419subsequent purchasers of a qualified investment. Such transfers
420must be reported to the office and to the department along with
421the identity, tax identification number, and tax credit amount
422allocated to a taxpayer pursuant to paragraph (a). The notice of
423transfer also must state whether unused tax credits are being
424transferred and the amount of unused tax credits being
425transferred.
426     Section 10.  Section 288.9917, Florida Statutes, is created
427to read:
428     288.9917  Community development entity reporting after a
429credit allowance date; certification of tax credit amount.--
430     (1)  A qualified community development entity that has
431issued a qualified investment shall submit the following to the
432office within 30 days after each credit allowance date:
433     (a)  A list of all qualified active low-income community
434businesses in which a qualified low-income community investment
435was made since the last credit allowance date. The list shall
436also describe the type and amount of investment in each business
437and the address of the principal location of each business. The
438list must be verified by the chief executive officer of the
439community development entity.
440     (b)  Bank records, wire transfer records, or similar
441documents that provide evidence of the qualified low-income
442community investments made since the last credit allowance date.
443     (c)  A verified statement by the chief financial or
444accounting officer of the community development entity that no
445redemption or principal repayment was made with respect to the
446qualified investment since the previous credit allowance date.
447     (d)  Information relating to the recapture of the federal
448new markets tax credit since the last credit allowance date.
449     (2)  The office shall certify in writing to the qualified
450community development entity and to the department the amount of
451the tax credit authorized for each taxpayer eligible to claim
452the tax credit in the tax year containing the last credit
453allowance date.
454     Section 11.  Section 288.9918, Florida Statutes, is created
455to read:
456     288.9918  Annual reporting by a community development
457entity.--A community development entity that has issued a
458qualified investment shall submit an annual report to the office
459by April 30 after the end of each year which includes a credit
460allowance date. The report shall include:
461     (1)  The entity's annual financial statements for the
462preceding tax year, audited by an independent certified public
463accountant.
464     (2)  The identity of the types of industries, identified by
465the North American Industry Classification System Code, in which
466qualified low-income community investments were made.
467     (3)  The names of the counties in which the qualified
468active low-income businesses are located which received
469qualified low-income community investments.
470     (4)  The number of jobs created and retained by qualified
471active low-income community businesses receiving qualified low-
472income community investments, including verification that the
473average wages paid meet or exceed 115 percent of the federal
474poverty income guidelines for a family of four.
475     (5)  A description of the relationships that the entity has
476established with community-based organizations and local
477community development offices and organizations and a summary of
478the outcomes resulting from those relationships.
479     (6)  Other information and documentation required by the
480office to verify continued certification as a qualified
481community development entity under 26 U.S.C. s. 45D.
482     Section 12.  Section 288.9919, Florida Statutes, is created
483to read:
484     288.9919  Audits and examinations; penalties.--
485     (1)  AUDITS.--A community development entity that issues an
486investment approved by the office as a qualified investment
487shall be deemed a recipient of state financial assistance under
488s. 215.97, the Florida Single Audit Act. However, an entity that
489makes a qualified investment or receives a qualified low-income
490community investment is not a subrecipient for the purposes of
491s. 215.97.
492     (2)  EXAMINATIONS.--The office may conduct examinations to
493verify compliance with the New Markets Development Program Act.
494     Section 13.  Section 288.9920, Florida Statutes, is created
495to read:
496     288.9920  Recapture and penalties.--
497     (1)  Notwithstanding s. 95.091, the office shall direct the
498department, at any time before December 31, 2022, to recapture
499all or a portion of a tax credit authorized pursuant to the New
500Markets Development Program Act if one or more of the following  
501occur:
502     (a)  The Federal Government recaptures any portion of the
503federal new markets tax credit. The recapture by the department
504shall equal the recapture by the Federal Government.
505     (b)  The qualified community development entity redeems or
506makes a principal repayment on a qualified investment before the
507final allowance date. The recapture by the department shall
508equal the redemption or principal repayment divided by the
509purchase price and multiplied by the tax credit authorized to a
510taxpayer for the qualified investment.
511     (c)1.  The qualified community development entity fails to
512invest at least 85 percent of the purchase price in qualified
513low-income community investments within 12 months after the
514issuance of a qualified investment; or
515     2.  The qualified community development entity fails to
516maintain 85 percent of the purchase price in qualified low-
517income community investments until the last credit allowance
518date for a qualified investment.
519
520For the purposes of this paragraph, an investment by a qualified
521community development entity includes principal recovered from
522an investment for 12 months after its recovery or principal
523recovered after the sixth credit allowance date. Principal held
524for longer than 12 months or recovered before the sixth credit
525allowance date is not an investment unless it is reinvested in a
526qualified low-income community investment.
527     (d)  The qualified community development entity fails to
528provide the office with information, reports, or documentation
529required by the New Markets Development Program Act.
530     (e)  The office determines that a taxpayer received tax
531credits to which the taxpayer was not entitled.
532     (2)  The office shall provide notice to the qualified
533community development entity and the department of a proposed
534recapture of a tax credit. The entity shall have 90 days
535following the receipt of the notice to cure a deficiency
536identified in the notice and avoid recapture. The office shall
537issue a final order of recapture if the entity fails to cure a
538deficiency within the 90-day period. The final order of
539recapture shall be provided to the entity, the department, and a
540taxpayer otherwise authorized to claim the tax credit.
541Recaptured funds shall be deposited into the General Revenue
542Fund.
543     (3)  An entity that submits fraudulent information to the
544office is liable for the costs associated with the investigation
545and prosecution of the fraudulent claim plus a penalty in an
546amount equal to double the tax credits claimed by investors in
547the entity's qualified investments. This penalty is in addition
548to any other penalty that may be imposed by law.
549     Section 14.  Section 288.9921, Florida Statutes, is created
550to read:
551     288.9921  Rulemaking.--The office and the department may
552adopt rules pursuant to ss. 120.536(1) and 120.54 to administer
553ss. 288.991-288.9920.
554     Section 15.  Section 288.9922, Florida Statutes, is created
555to read:
556     288.9922  Expiration of the New Markets Development Program
557Act.--Sections 288.991-288.9921 and this section expire December
55831, 2022.
559     Section 16.  This act shall take effect July 1, 2009.


CODING: Words stricken are deletions; words underlined are additions.