1 | A bill to be entitled |
2 | An act relating to just valuation of property; amending s. |
3 | 193.011, F.S.; revising the just valuation factors |
4 | relating to the condition of property; including cost of |
5 | removal of tangible personal property as a consideration |
6 | in the net sale proceeds factor; requiring property |
7 | appraisers to use only market rent in arriving at just |
8 | value of certain income-producing properties; providing a |
9 | definition; providing applicability; amending s. 193.016, |
10 | F.S.; providing for consideration of value adjustment |
11 | board decisions for all properties; creating s. 193.018, |
12 | F.S.; authorizing owners of certain properties to enter |
13 | into deed-restriction agreements with counties for certain |
14 | purposes; requiring property appraisers to consider deed- |
15 | restriction agreements in determining just value; |
16 | providing for payment of back taxes plus interest if the |
17 | deed-restriction agreement is terminated early; amending |
18 | s. 194.011, F.S.; revising provisions relating to |
19 | provision of evidence by petitioners and property |
20 | appraisers; amending s. 194.032, F.S.; providing for |
21 | criteria for rescheduling certain hearings under certain |
22 | circumstances; amending s. 194.034, F.S.; requiring value |
23 | adjustment boards to order refund of certain filing fees |
24 | if a determination of a property appraiser is overturned; |
25 | amending s. 194.192, F.S.; providing for judgments against |
26 | property appraisers under certain circumstances; providing |
27 | for assessment and award of attorney fees to taxpayers |
28 | under certain circumstances; amending s. 194.301, F.S.; |
29 | revising criteria for a presumption of correctness of ad |
30 | valorem taxation assessments and the burden of proof in |
31 | actions challenging such assessments; amending s. 420.507, |
32 | F.S.; correcting a cross-reference; providing an effective |
33 | date. |
34 |
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35 | Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Florida: |
36 |
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37 | Section 1. Effective upon this act becoming a law and |
38 | applicable to assessments beginning January 1, 2009, section |
39 | 193.011, Florida Statutes, is amended to read: |
40 | 193.011 Factors to consider in deriving just valuation.-- |
41 | (1) In arriving at just valuation as required under s. 4, |
42 | Art. VII of the State Constitution, the property appraiser shall |
43 | take into consideration the following factors: |
44 | (a)(1) The present cash value of the property, which is |
45 | the amount a willing purchaser would pay a willing seller, |
46 | exclusive of reasonable fees and costs of purchase, in cash or |
47 | the immediate equivalent thereof in a transaction at arm's |
48 | length; |
49 | (b)(2) The highest and best use to which the property can |
50 | be expected to be put in the immediate future and the present |
51 | use of the property, taking into consideration the legally |
52 | permissible use of the property, including any applicable |
53 | judicial limitation, local or state land use regulation, or |
54 | historic preservation ordinance, and any zoning changes, |
55 | concurrency requirements, and permits necessary to achieve the |
56 | highest and best use, and considering any moratorium imposed by |
57 | executive order, law, ordinance, regulation, resolution, or |
58 | proclamation adopted by any governmental body or agency or the |
59 | Governor when the moratorium or judicial limitation prohibits or |
60 | restricts the development or improvement of property as |
61 | otherwise authorized by applicable law. The applicable |
62 | governmental body or agency or the Governor shall notify the |
63 | property appraiser in writing of any executive order, ordinance, |
64 | regulation, resolution, or proclamation it adopts imposing any |
65 | such limitation, regulation, or moratorium; |
66 | (c)(3) The location of said property; |
67 | (d)(4) The quantity or size of said property; |
68 | (e)(5) The cost of said property and the present |
69 | replacement value of any improvements thereon; |
70 | (f)(6) The condition of said property. When determining |
71 | the condition of the property, the property appraiser shall |
72 | consider physical deterioration, functional obsolescence, and |
73 | external obsolescence; |
74 | (g)(7) The income from said property; and |
75 | (h)(8) The net proceeds of the sale of the property, as |
76 | received by the seller, after deduction of all of the usual and |
77 | reasonable fees and costs of the sale, including the costs and |
78 | expenses of financing, and allowance for unconventional or |
79 | atypical terms of financing arrangements, and including the |
80 | costs of removal of tangible personal property. When the net |
81 | proceeds of the sale of any property are utilized, directly or |
82 | indirectly, in the determination of just valuation of realty of |
83 | the sold parcel or any other parcel under the provisions of this |
84 | section, the property appraiser, for the purposes of such |
85 | determination, shall exclude any portion of such net proceeds |
86 | attributable to payments for household furnishings or other |
87 | items of personal property. |
88 | (2) Notwithstanding the requirement that property |
89 | appraisers consider all of the factors enumerated in subsection |
90 | (1) in arriving at just valuation, property appraisers shall |
91 | consider only the market rent from income-producing property in |
92 | the case of all residential rental property and all commercial |
93 | property that is leased to more than one legal entity, each of |
94 | which conducts a separate business activity on the property. For |
95 | purposes of this subsection, the term "market rent" means the |
96 | most likely rent that an income-producing property would command |
97 | if offered for lease in the open market. |
98 | Section 2. Section 193.016, Florida Statutes, is amended |
99 | to read: |
100 | 193.016 Property appraiser's assessment; effect of |
101 | determinations by value adjustment board.--If the property |
102 | appraiser's assessment of the same items of tangible personal |
103 | property in the previous year was adjusted by the value |
104 | adjustment board and the decision of the board to reduce the |
105 | assessment was not successfully appealed by the property |
106 | appraiser, the property appraiser shall consider the reduced |
107 | value values determined by the value adjustment board in |
108 | assessing the those items of tangible personal property. If the |
109 | property appraiser adjusts upward the reduced value values |
110 | previously determined by the value adjustment board, the |
111 | property appraiser shall assert additional basic and underlying |
112 | facts not properly considered by the value adjustment board as |
113 | the basis for the increased valuation notwithstanding the prior |
114 | adjustment by the board. |
115 | Section 3. Section 193.018, Florida Statutes, is created |
116 | to read: |
117 | 193.018 Assessment of deed-restricted property.-- |
118 | (1) The owner of residential rental property, multiunit |
119 | commercial rental property, property used as a marina, |
120 | waterfront property used exclusively for commercial fishing |
121 | purposes, or property rented for use by mobile homes may enter |
122 | into a deed-restriction agreement with the county to maintain |
123 | the property at its current use for a period of at least 5 |
124 | years. |
125 | (2) The property appraiser shall consider the deed- |
126 | restriction agreement in determining the just value of the |
127 | property. |
128 | (3) If, prior to the expiration of the deed-restriction |
129 | agreement, the property is not used for the purposes set forth |
130 | in the deed-restriction agreement, the deed-restriction |
131 | agreement shall be terminated and the property owner shall pay |
132 | to the county an amount equal to the additional taxes that would |
133 | have been paid in prior years had the deed-restriction agreement |
134 | not been in effect, plus 12 percent interest. |
135 | Section 4. Subsection (4) of section 194.011, Florida |
136 | Statutes, is amended to read: |
137 | 194.011 Assessment notice; objections to assessments.-- |
138 | (4)(a) At least 15 days before the hearing, the petitioner |
139 | shall provide to the property appraiser a list of evidence to be |
140 | presented at the hearing, together with copies of all |
141 | documentation to be considered by the value adjustment board and |
142 | a summary of evidence to be presented by witnesses. |
143 | (b) At least 15 No later than 7 days before the hearing, |
144 | if the petitioner has provided the information required under |
145 | paragraph (a), and if requested in writing by the petitioner, |
146 | the property appraiser shall provide to the petitioner a list of |
147 | evidence to be presented at the hearing, together with copies of |
148 | all documentation to be considered by the value adjustment board |
149 | and a summary of evidence to be presented by witnesses. The |
150 | evidence list must contain the property record card if provided |
151 | by the clerk. Failure of the property appraiser to timely comply |
152 | with the requirements of this paragraph shall result in a |
153 | rescheduling of the hearing. |
154 | Section 5. Subsection (2) of section 194.032, Florida |
155 | Statutes, is amended to read: |
156 | 194.032 Hearing purposes; timetable.-- |
157 | (2) The clerk of the governing body of the county shall |
158 | prepare a schedule of appearances before the board based on |
159 | petitions timely filed with him or her. The clerk shall notify |
160 | each petitioner of the scheduled time of his or her appearance |
161 | no less than 25 calendar days prior to the day of such scheduled |
162 | appearance. Upon receipt of this notification, the petitioner |
163 | shall have the right to reschedule the hearing for the failure |
164 | of the property appraiser to comply with the requirements of s. |
165 | 194.011(4)(b). The hearing shall be rescheduled no sooner than |
166 | 15 days after the property appraiser complies with the |
167 | requirements of s. 194.011(4)(b). The petitioner shall also have |
168 | the right to reschedule the hearing a single time by submitting |
169 | to the clerk of the governing body of the county a written |
170 | request to reschedule, no less than 5 calendar days before the |
171 | day of the originally scheduled hearing. Additional rescheduling |
172 | of the hearing may be granted to the taxpayer upon receipt of an |
173 | affidavit from a physician that states a medical reason as to |
174 | why the petitioner needs to reschedule the hearing. A copy of |
175 | the property record card containing relevant information used in |
176 | computing the taxpayer's current assessment shall be included |
177 | with such notice, if said card was requested by the taxpayer. |
178 | Such request shall be made by checking an appropriate box on the |
179 | petition form. No petitioner shall be required to wait for more |
180 | than 2 4 hours from the scheduled time; and, if his or her |
181 | petition is not heard in that time, the petitioner may, at his |
182 | or her option, report to the chairperson of the meeting that he |
183 | or she intends to leave; and, if he or she is not heard |
184 | immediately, the petitioner's hearing shall be rescheduled for a |
185 | time reserved exclusively for the petitioner administrative |
186 | remedies will be deemed to be exhausted, and he or she may seek |
187 | further relief as he or she deems appropriate. Failure on three |
188 | occasions with respect to any single tax year to convene at the |
189 | scheduled time of meetings of the board shall constitute grounds |
190 | for removal from office by the Governor for neglect of duties. |
191 | Section 6. Subsection (2) of section 194.034, Florida |
192 | Statutes, is amended to read: |
193 | 194.034 Hearing procedures; rules.-- |
194 | (2) In each case, except when a complaint is withdrawn by |
195 | the petitioner or is acknowledged as correct by the property |
196 | appraiser, the value adjustment board shall render a written |
197 | decision. All such decisions shall be issued within 20 calendar |
198 | days of the last day the board is in session under s. 194.032. |
199 | The decision of the board shall contain findings of fact and |
200 | conclusions of law and shall include reasons for upholding or |
201 | overturning the determination of the property appraiser. If the |
202 | determination of the property appraiser is overturned, the board |
203 | shall order the refunding of the filing fee required by s. |
204 | 194.013. When a special magistrate has been appointed, the |
205 | recommendations of the special magistrate shall be considered by |
206 | the board. The clerk, upon issuance of the decisions, shall, on |
207 | a form provided by the Department of Revenue, notify by first- |
208 | class mail each taxpayer, the property appraiser, and the |
209 | department of the decision of the board. |
210 | Section 7. Subsection (3) is added to section 194.192, |
211 | Florida Statutes, to read: |
212 | 194.192 Costs; interest on unpaid taxes; penalty; attorney |
213 | fees.-- |
214 | (3) If the court finds that the amount owed by the |
215 | taxpayer is less than the amount of tax paid, the court shall |
216 | enter judgment against the appraiser for the difference and for |
217 | interest on the difference at the rate of 12 percent per year |
218 | from the date of payment. If the final assessment established by |
219 | the court is lower than the value assessed by the property |
220 | appraiser by more than 10 percent, the court shall assess and |
221 | award reasonable attorney fees to the taxpayer. |
222 | Section 8. Section 194.301, Florida Statutes, is amended |
223 | to read: |
224 | 194.301 Presumption of correctness and burden of proof in |
225 | ad valorem tax assessment challenges.--In any administrative or |
226 | judicial proceeding action in which a taxpayer challenges an ad |
227 | valorem tax assessment of value is challenged, the burden of |
228 | proof shall be upon the party initiating the proceeding and such |
229 | party shall have the burden of proving by a preponderance of the |
230 | evidence that the assessment, as established by the property |
231 | appraiser or the value adjustment board, is incorrect. The |
232 | property appraiser's assessment shall be presumed correct, |
233 | except that if the value adjustment board has established a |
234 | different assessment, the assessment of the value adjustment |
235 | board shall be presumed correct. This presumption of correctness |
236 | is lost if the taxpayer shows by a preponderance of the evidence |
237 | that either the property appraiser has failed to comply with |
238 | uniform standards of professional appraisal practice in his or |
239 | her consideration of consider properly the criteria in s. |
240 | 193.011 or if the property appraiser's assessment is arbitrarily |
241 | based on appraisal practices which are different from the |
242 | appraisal practices generally applied by the property appraiser |
243 | to comparable property within the same class and within the same |
244 | county. If the presumption of correctness is lost, the taxpayer |
245 | shall have the burden of proving by a preponderance of the |
246 | evidence that the appraiser's assessment is in excess of just |
247 | value. If the presumption of correctness is retained, the |
248 | taxpayer shall have the burden of proving by clear and |
249 | convincing evidence that the appraiser's assessment is in excess |
250 | of just value. In no case shall the taxpayer have the burden of |
251 | proving that the property appraiser's assessment is not |
252 | supported by any reasonable hypothesis of a legal assessment. If |
253 | the property appraiser's assessment is determined to be |
254 | erroneous, the value adjustment board Value Adjustment Board or |
255 | the court can establish the assessment if there exists |
256 | competent, substantial evidence in the record, which |
257 | cumulatively meets the requirements of s. 193.011. If the record |
258 | lacks competent, substantial evidence meeting the just value |
259 | criteria of s. 193.011, the matter shall be remanded to the |
260 | property appraiser with appropriate directions from the value |
261 | adjustment board Value Adjustment Board or the court. |
262 | Section 9. Subsection (46) of section 420.507, Florida |
263 | Statutes, is amended to read: |
264 | 420.507 Powers of the corporation.--The corporation shall |
265 | have all the powers necessary or convenient to carry out and |
266 | effectuate the purposes and provisions of this part, including |
267 | the following powers which are in addition to all other powers |
268 | granted by other provisions of this part: |
269 | (46) To require, as a condition of financing a multifamily |
270 | rental project, that an agreement be recorded in the official |
271 | records of the county where the real property is located, which |
272 | requires that the project be used for housing defined as |
273 | affordable in s. 420.0004(3) by persons defined in s. |
274 | 420.0004(8), (10), (11), and (15). Such an agreement is a state |
275 | land use regulation that limits the highest and best use of the |
276 | property within the meaning of s. 193.011(1)(b)(2). |
277 | Section 10. This act shall take effect upon becoming a |
278 | law. |