1 | A bill to be entitled |
2 | An act relating to reproductive health services and family |
3 | planning; creating the "Prevention First Act"; providing |
4 | definitions; providing duties of licensed health care |
5 | practitioners and facilities relating to the treatment of |
6 | rape survivors; requiring the Department of Health to |
7 | provide certain information; requiring the Agency for |
8 | Health Care Administration to provide for enforcement and |
9 | impose penalties; requiring the agency to adopt rules; |
10 | amending s. 390.011, F.S.; defining the term |
11 | "contraception"; creating s. 390.027, F.S.; specifying |
12 | that the provision of contraception is not subject to ch. |
13 | 390, F.S., relating to the termination of pregnancies; |
14 | creating s. 465.191, F.S.; providing definitions; |
15 | requiring licensed pharmacies to dispense certain forms of |
16 | contraception without delay; specifying conditions under |
17 | which a pharmacy may refuse to provide a contraceptive; |
18 | providing for a person to file a complaint with the |
19 | Department of Health if he or she believes that a |
20 | violation of such provisions has occurred; providing for |
21 | the Attorney General to bring a civil action; amending ss. |
22 | 465.016 and 465.023, F.S.; providing that a violation of |
23 | requirements for dispensing contraception constitutes |
24 | grounds for the Department of Health or the Board of |
25 | Pharmacy to impose disciplinary action or suspend or |
26 | revoke a pharmacist's license or permit; providing for |
27 | severability; providing an effective date. |
28 |
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29 | WHEREAS, although the Centers for Disease Control and |
30 | Prevention included family planning in its published list of Ten |
31 | Great Public Health Achievements in the 20th Century, the United |
32 | States still has one of the highest rates of unintended |
33 | pregnancies among industrialized nations, and |
34 | WHEREAS, the Legislature finds that family planning is |
35 | basic health care for women and that access to contraception |
36 | helps women prevent unintended pregnancy and control the timing |
37 | and spacing of planned births, and |
38 | WHEREAS, 46.3 percent of pregnancies among women in this |
39 | state are unintended according to the Florida Pregnancy Risk |
40 | Assessment Monitoring System initiated by the United States |
41 | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Florida |
42 | Department of Health, and |
43 | WHEREAS, 98 percent of all women will use contraception at |
44 | some point in their lifetime according to the Guttmacher |
45 | Institute, and |
46 | WHEREAS, currently more than 1.9 million women in Florida |
47 | are in need of contraceptive services and supplies, and |
48 | WHEREAS, the Legislature finds that the victimization of |
49 | women through rape is compounded by the possibility that the |
50 | rape survivors may suffer unintended pregnancies, and half of |
51 | such pregnancies end in abortion, and |
52 | WHEREAS, women rely on prescription contraceptives for a |
53 | range of medical purposes in addition to birth control, such as |
54 | regulation of menstrual cycles and the treatment of |
55 | endometriosis, and |
56 | WHEREAS, the Legislature further finds that providing |
57 | access to family planning information, family planning services, |
58 | and birth control will prevent abortions and unintended |
59 | pregnancies, thereby significantly reducing the number of women |
60 | and teens who need medical assistance, Medicaid, Kidcare, and |
61 | other social services, and |
62 | WHEREAS, the Legislature recognizes that the most recent |
63 | study of women in need of family planning services by the |
64 | Florida State University Center for Prevention and Early |
65 | Intervention Policy found that only 26 percent of women in this |
66 | state who are in need of such services are currently receiving |
67 | them, and |
68 | WHEREAS, according to the Department of Health's Family |
69 | Planning Program, for every dollar spent on family planning |
70 | services, up to $24 is saved as a result of averting |
71 | expenditures for public programs that support women who have |
72 | unintended pregnancies and their infants, NOW, THEREFORE, |
73 |
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74 | Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Florida: |
75 |
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76 | Section 1. This act may be cited as the "Prevention First |
77 | Act." |
78 | Section 2. Treatment for survivors of rape.- |
79 | (1) DEFINITIONS.-As used in this section, the term: |
80 | (a) "Agency" means the Agency for Health Care |
81 | Administration. |
82 | (b) "Care to a rape survivor" means medical examinations, |
83 | procedures, and services provided to a rape survivor. |
84 | (c) "Department" means the Department of Health. |
85 | (d) "Emergency contraception" means one or more |
86 | prescription or over-the-counter drugs used separately or in |
87 | combination to be administered to or self-administered by a |
88 | patient to prevent pregnancy within a medically recommended |
89 | amount of time after sexual intercourse and dispensed for that |
90 | purpose, in accordance with professional standards of practice, |
91 | and determined to be safe by the United States Food and Drug |
92 | Administration. |
93 | (e) "Health care facility" means a facility licensed under |
94 | chapter 395, Florida Statutes. |
95 | (f) "Incest" means a sexual offense described in s. |
96 | 826.04, Florida Statutes. |
97 | (g) "Medically and factually accurate" means information |
98 | that is supported by the weight of research conducted in |
99 | compliance with accepted scientific methods and that is |
100 | recognized as accurate and objective by leading professional |
101 | organizations and agencies having relevant expertise in the |
102 | field. |
103 | (h) "Rape" means sexual battery as described in ss. |
104 | 794.011 and 827.071, Florida Statutes. |
105 | (i) "Rape survivor" means a person who alleges or is |
106 | alleged to have been raped or who is the victim of alleged |
107 | incest and because of the alleged offense seeks treatment as a |
108 | patient. |
109 | (2) DUTIES OF LICENSED PRACTITIONERS AND FACILITIES.- |
110 | (a) A health care practitioner licensed under chapter 458, |
111 | chapter 459, or chapter 464, Florida Statutes, or a health care |
112 | facility licensed under chapter 395, Florida Statutes, providing |
113 | care to a rape survivor shall: |
114 | 1. Provide each female rape survivor with medically and |
115 | factually accurate, clear, and concise information concerning |
116 | emergency contraception, including its indications and |
117 | contraindications and the risks associated with its use. |
118 | 2. Inform each female rape survivor of her medical option |
119 | to receive emergency contraception. |
120 | (b) If emergency contraception is requested, the health |
121 | care practitioner or health care facility shall immediately |
122 | provide the female rape survivor with the complete regimen of |
123 | emergency contraception, unless contraindicated as determined by |
124 | a pregnancy test approved by the United States Food and Drug |
125 | Administration. |
126 | (c) The Agency for Health Care Administration, with input |
127 | from the Florida Hospital Association and the Florida Council |
128 | Against Sexual Violence, shall adopt a protocol to implement the |
129 | requirements of this subsection. |
130 | (3) PATIENT INFORMATION.- |
131 | (a) The department shall: |
132 | 1. Develop, prepare, and produce informational materials |
133 | relating to emergency contraception for the prevention of |
134 | pregnancy for distribution to and use in all health care |
135 | facilities in the state which provide care to rape survivors, in |
136 | quantities sufficient to comply with the requirements of this |
137 | section, to the extent that funds are available. |
138 | 2. Develop, prepare, and post information on the |
139 | department's Internet website relating to the duty of licensed |
140 | health care practitioners and health care facilities to provide |
141 | emergency contraception to female rape survivors. |
142 | (b) Information provided to female rape survivors or |
143 | female victims of sexual assault must: |
144 | 1. Be medically and factually accurate; |
145 | 2. Be clearly written, readily comprehensible, and |
146 | culturally appropriate as determined by the department, in |
147 | collaboration with community sexual assault programs and other |
148 | relevant stakeholders; and |
149 | 3. Explain the nature of emergency contraception, |
150 | including its use, safety, efficacy, and availability. |
151 | (4) ENFORCEMENT AND PENALTIES.- |
152 | (a) In addition to any other remedies provided by law, the |
153 | agency shall respond to complaints using all available |
154 | investigative tools and shall, in the course of other compliance |
155 | reviews, determine whether a health care facility is in |
156 | compliance with this section. If the agency finds that a health |
157 | care facility is not in compliance with this section, the agency |
158 | shall: |
159 | 1. Impose a fine of $5,000 per woman who is: |
160 | a. Denied medically and factually accurate information |
161 | about emergency contraception and not informed of her medical |
162 | option to receive emergency contraception; or |
163 | b. Not provided the complete regimen of emergency |
164 | contraception, if emergency contraception is requested. |
165 | 2. Impose a fine of $5,000 for failure to comply with this |
166 | section and an additional fine of $5,000 for every 30 days of |
167 | noncompliance. |
168 | (b) The agency shall adopt rules as necessary to |
169 | administer the provisions of this section. |
170 | Section 3. Present subsections (4) through (8) of section |
171 | 390.011, Florida Statutes, are redesignated as subsections (5) |
172 | through (9), respectively, and a new subsection (4) is added to |
173 | that section, to read: |
174 | 390.011 Definitions.-As used in this chapter, the term: |
175 | (4) "Contraception" means any drug or device approved by |
176 | the United States Food and Drug Administration to prevent |
177 | pregnancy. |
178 | Section 4. Section 390.027, Florida Statutes, is created |
179 | to read: |
180 | 390.027 Access to contraception.-The provision of |
181 | contraception is not subject to or governed by this chapter. |
182 | Section 5. Section 465.191, Florida Statutes, is created |
183 | to read: |
184 | 465.191 Patient contraceptive protection.- |
185 | (1) DEFINITIONS.-As used in this section, the term: |
186 | (a) "Contraception" or "contraceptive" means any |
187 | prescription drug or over-the-counter oral contraceptive |
188 | approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration to |
189 | prevent pregnancy. |
190 | (b) "Employee" means a person hired, by contract or any |
191 | other form of agreement, by a pharmacy. |
192 | (c) "Product" means a drug or device approved by the |
193 | United States Food and Drug Administration. |
194 | (d) "Professional clinical judgment" means the use of |
195 | professional knowledge and skills to form a clinical judgment in |
196 | accordance with prevailing medical standards. |
197 | (e) "Without delay," with respect to a pharmacy dispensing |
198 | a prescription for contraception, means within the pharmacy's |
199 | customary timeframe for dispensing the prescription for other |
200 | products. |
201 | (2) DUTIES OF LICENSED PHARMACIES.- |
202 | (a) If a patient requests a contraceptive that is in |
203 | stock, the pharmacy shall ensure that the contraceptive is |
204 | provided to the patient or patient representative without delay. |
205 | (b) A pharmacy shall ensure that its employees do not: |
206 | 1. Intimidate, threaten, or harass a patient in the |
207 | delivery of services relating to a request for contraception; |
208 | 2. Interfere with or obstruct the delivery of services |
209 | relating to a request for contraception; |
210 | 3. Intentionally misrepresent or deceive a patient about |
211 | the availability of contraception or its mechanism of action; |
212 | 4. Breach medical confidentiality with respect to a |
213 | request for contraception or threaten to breach such |
214 | confidentiality; or |
215 | 5. Refuse to return a valid, lawful prescription for |
216 | contraception upon a patient's or patient representative's |
217 | request. |
218 | (c) This section does not prohibit a pharmacy from |
219 | refusing to provide a contraceptive to a patient if: |
220 | 1. It is unlawful to dispense the contraceptive to the |
221 | patient without a valid, lawful prescription and such |
222 | prescription is not presented; |
223 | 2. The patient or patient representative is unable to pay |
224 | for the contraceptive; or |
225 | 3. The employee of the pharmacy refuses to provide the |
226 | contraceptive on the basis of a professional clinical judgment. |
227 | (d) This section does not prevent a pharmacist or other |
228 | person from refusing to furnish any in-stock contraceptive for |
229 | religious reasons so long as the pharmacy reasonably |
230 | accommodates the patient or patient representative without delay |
231 | and in compliance with this section. |
232 | (e) This section does not alter any standard established |
233 | under the Florida Civil Rights Act of 1992. |
234 | (f) Any person who believes that a violation of this |
235 | section has occurred may file a complaint with the Department of |
236 | Health. |
237 | (g) If the Attorney General has reasonable cause to |
238 | believe that any person or group of persons is being, has been, |
239 | or may be injured by conduct constituting a violation of this |
240 | section, the Attorney General may bring a civil action in the |
241 | name of the state, as parens patriae on behalf of natural |
242 | persons residing in the state. |
243 | Section 6. Paragraph (t) is added to subsection (1) of |
244 | section 465.016, Florida Statutes, to read: |
245 | 465.016 Disciplinary actions.- |
246 | (1) The following acts constitute grounds for denial of a |
247 | license or disciplinary action, as specified in s. 456.072(2): |
248 | (t) Violating the provisions of s. 465.191. |
249 | Section 7. Subsection (1) of section 465.023, Florida |
250 | Statutes, is amended to read: |
251 | 465.023 Pharmacy permittee; disciplinary action.- |
252 | (1) The department or the board may revoke or suspend the |
253 | permit of any pharmacy permittee, and may fine, place on |
254 | probation, or otherwise discipline any pharmacy permittee if the |
255 | permittee, or any affiliated person, partner, officer, director, |
256 | or agent of the permittee, including a person fingerprinted |
257 | under s. 465.022(3), has: |
258 | (a) Obtained a permit by misrepresentation or fraud or |
259 | through an error of the department or the board; |
260 | (b) Attempted to procure, or has procured, a permit for |
261 | any other person by making, or causing to be made, any false |
262 | representation; |
263 | (c) Violated any of the requirements of this chapter or |
264 | any of the rules of the Board of Pharmacy; of chapter 499, known |
265 | as the "Florida Drug and Cosmetic Act"; of 21 U.S.C. ss. 301- |
266 | 392, known as the "Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act"; of 21 |
267 | U.S.C. ss. 821 et seq., known as the Comprehensive Drug Abuse |
268 | Prevention and Control Act; or of chapter 893; |
269 | (d) Been convicted or found guilty, regardless of |
270 | adjudication, of a felony or any other crime involving moral |
271 | turpitude in any of the courts of this state, of any other |
272 | state, or of the United States; |
273 | (e) Been convicted or disciplined by a regulatory agency |
274 | of the Federal Government or a regulatory agency of another |
275 | state for any offense that would constitute a violation of this |
276 | chapter; |
277 | (f) Been convicted of, or entered a plea of guilty or nolo |
278 | contendere to, regardless of adjudication, a crime in any |
279 | jurisdiction which relates to the practice of, or the ability to |
280 | practice, the profession of pharmacy; |
281 | (g) Been convicted of, or entered a plea of guilty or nolo |
282 | contendere to, regardless of adjudication, a crime in any |
283 | jurisdiction which relates to health care fraud; or |
284 | (h) Dispensed any medicinal drug based upon a |
285 | communication that purports to be a prescription as defined by |
286 | s. 465.003(14) or s. 893.02 when the pharmacist knows or has |
287 | reason to believe that the purported prescription is not based |
288 | upon a valid practitioner-patient relationship that includes a |
289 | documented patient evaluation, including history and a physical |
290 | examination adequate to establish the diagnosis for which any |
291 | drug is prescribed and any other requirement established by |
292 | board rule under chapter 458, chapter 459, chapter 461, chapter |
293 | 463, chapter 464, or chapter 466; or. |
294 | (i) Violated the provisions of s. 465.191. |
295 | Section 8. If any provision of this act or the application |
296 | thereof to any person or circumstance is held invalid, the |
297 | invalidity does not affect other provisions or applications of |
298 | the act which can be given effect without the invalid provision |
299 | or application, and to this end the provisions of this act are |
300 | severable. |
301 | Section 9. This act shall take effect July 1, 2010. |