1 | A bill to be entitled |
2 | An act relating to costs of prosecution; amending s. |
3 | 28.246, F.S.; providing for remittance of the costs of |
4 | prosecution to a specified trust fund; providing for |
5 | allocation of funds in certain circumstances; providing |
6 | for collection of costs of prosecution; amending s. |
7 | 903.286, F.S.; providing for the withholding of unpaid |
8 | costs of prosecution from the return of a cash bond posted |
9 | on behalf of a criminal defendant; requiring a notice on |
10 | bond forms of such possible withholding; amending s. |
11 | 938.27, F.S.; providing liability for the cost of |
12 | prosecution for persons whose cases are disposed of under |
13 | specified provisions; requiring courts to impose the costs |
14 | of prosecution and investigation; requiring that costs of |
15 | prosecution and investigation not be converted to any form |
16 | of court-ordered community service; clarifying the types |
17 | of cases from which the clerk of the court must collect |
18 | and dispense cost payments; requiring the clerk of the |
19 | court to assign the first of any fees or costs collected |
20 | as payment for costs of prosecution; amending s. 985.032, |
21 | F.S.; providing for assessment of costs of prosecution |
22 | against a juvenile who has been adjudicated delinquent or |
23 | has adjudication of delinquency withheld; providing an |
24 | effective date. |
25 |
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26 | Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Florida: |
27 |
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28 | Section 1. Subsections (5) and (6) of section 28.246, |
29 | Florida Statutes, are amended to read: |
30 | 28.246 Payment of court-related fees, charges, costs of |
31 | prosecution, and costs; partial payments; distribution of |
32 | funds.- |
33 | (5) When receiving partial payment of fees, service |
34 | charges, court costs, costs of prosecution, and fines, clerks |
35 | shall distribute funds according to the following order of |
36 | priority: |
37 | (a) That portion of fees, service charges, court costs, |
38 | and fines to be remitted to the state for deposit into the |
39 | General Revenue Fund and that portion of the costs of |
40 | prosecution to be remitted to the state shall be deposited into |
41 | the State Attorneys Revenue Trust Fund, allocated on a pro rata |
42 | basis among the authorized funds if the total collection amount |
43 | is insufficient to fully fund such funds as provided by law. |
44 | (b) That portion of fees, service charges, court costs, |
45 | and fines which are required to be retained by the clerk of the |
46 | court or deposited into the Clerks of the Court Trust Fund |
47 | within the Justice Administrative Commission. |
48 | (c) Except as provided in paragraph (a), that portion of |
49 | fees, service charges, court costs, and fines payable to state |
50 | trust funds, allocated on a pro rata basis among the various |
51 | authorized funds if the total collection amount is insufficient |
52 | to fully fund all such funds as provided by law. |
53 | (d) That portion of fees, service charges, court costs, |
54 | and fines payable to counties, municipalities, or other local |
55 | entities, allocated on a pro rata basis among the various |
56 | authorized recipients if the total collection amount is |
57 | insufficient to fully fund all such recipients as provided by |
58 | law. |
59 |
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60 | To offset processing costs, clerks may impose either a per-month |
61 | service charge pursuant to s. 28.24(26)(b) or a one-time |
62 | administrative processing service charge at the inception of the |
63 | payment plan pursuant to s. 28.24(26)(c). |
64 | (6) A clerk of court shall pursue the collection of any |
65 | fees, service charges, fines, court costs, costs of prosecution, |
66 | and liens for the payment of attorney's fees and costs pursuant |
67 | to s. 938.29 which remain unpaid after 90 days by referring the |
68 | account to a private attorney who is a member in good standing |
69 | of The Florida Bar or collection agent who is registered and in |
70 | good standing pursuant to chapter 559. In pursuing the |
71 | collection of such unpaid financial obligations through a |
72 | private attorney or collection agent, the clerk of the court |
73 | must have attempted to collect the unpaid amount through a |
74 | collection court, collections docket, or other collections |
75 | process, if any, established by the court, find this to be cost- |
76 | effective and follow any applicable procurement practices. The |
77 | collection fee, including any reasonable attorney's fee, paid to |
78 | any attorney or collection agent retained by the clerk may be |
79 | added to the balance owed in an amount not to exceed 40 percent |
80 | of the amount owed at the time the account is referred to the |
81 | attorney or agent for collection. The clerk shall give the |
82 | private attorney or collection agent the application for the |
83 | appointment of court-appointed counsel regardless of whether the |
84 | court file is otherwise confidential from disclosure. |
85 | Section 2. Section 903.286, Florida Statutes, is amended |
86 | to read: |
87 | 903.286 Return of cash bond; requirement to withhold |
88 | unpaid fines, fees, court costs; cash bond forms.- |
89 | (1) Notwithstanding s. 903.31(2), the clerk of the court |
90 | shall withhold from the return of a cash bond posted on behalf |
91 | of a criminal defendant by a person other than a bail bond agent |
92 | licensed pursuant to chapter 648 sufficient funds to pay any |
93 | unpaid costs of prosecution, court fees, court costs, and |
94 | criminal penalties. If sufficient funds are not available to pay |
95 | all unpaid costs of prosecution, court fees, court costs, and |
96 | criminal penalties, the clerk of the court shall immediately |
97 | obtain payment from the defendant or enroll the defendant in a |
98 | payment plan pursuant to s. 28.246. |
99 | (2) All cash bond forms used in conjunction with the |
100 | requirements of s. 903.09 must prominently display a notice |
101 | explaining that all funds are subject to forfeiture and |
102 | withholding by the clerk of the court for the payment of costs |
103 | of prosecution, court fees, court costs, and criminal penalties |
104 | on behalf of the criminal defendant regardless of who posted the |
105 | funds. |
106 | Section 3. Section 938.27, Florida Statutes, is amended to |
107 | read: |
108 | 938.27 Judgment for costs on conviction.- |
109 | (1) In all criminal and violation-of-probation or |
110 | community-control cases, convicted persons and persons whose |
111 | cases are disposed of pursuant to s. 948.08(6)(c) or s. |
112 | 948.16(2) are liable for payment of the costs of prosecution, |
113 | including investigative costs incurred by law enforcement |
114 | agencies, by fire departments for arson investigations, and by |
115 | investigations of the Department of Financial Services or the |
116 | Office of Financial Regulation of the Financial Services |
117 | Commission, if requested by such agencies. The court shall |
118 | include these costs in every judgment rendered against the |
119 | convicted person. For purposes of this section, "convicted" |
120 | means a determination of guilt, or of violation of probation or |
121 | community control, which is a result of a plea, trial, or |
122 | violation proceeding, regardless of whether adjudication is |
123 | withheld. |
124 | (2)(a) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, court |
125 | rule, or administrative order, the court shall impose the costs |
126 | of prosecution and investigation. Costs of prosecution and |
127 | investigation shall not be converted to any form of court- |
128 | ordered community service in lieu of this statutory financial |
129 | obligation. |
130 | (b)(a) The court shall impose the costs of prosecution and |
131 | investigation notwithstanding the defendant's present ability to |
132 | pay. The court shall require the defendant to pay the costs |
133 | within a specified period or in specified installments. |
134 | (c)(b) The end of such period or the last such installment |
135 | shall not be later than: |
136 | 1. The end of the period of probation or community |
137 | control, if probation or community control is ordered; |
138 | 2. Five years after the end of the term of imprisonment |
139 | imposed, if the court does not order probation or community |
140 | control; or |
141 | 3. Five years after the date of sentencing in any other |
142 | case. |
143 |
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144 | However, in no event shall the obligation to pay any unpaid |
145 | amounts expire if not paid in full within the period specified |
146 | in this paragraph. |
147 | (d)(c) If not otherwise provided by the court under this |
148 | section, costs shall be paid immediately. |
149 | (3) If a defendant is placed on probation or community |
150 | control, payment of any costs under this section shall be a |
151 | condition of such probation or community control. The court may |
152 | revoke probation or community control if the defendant fails to |
153 | pay these costs. |
154 | (4) Any dispute as to the proper amount or type of costs |
155 | shall be resolved by the court by the preponderance of the |
156 | evidence. The burden of demonstrating the amount of costs |
157 | incurred is on the state attorney. The burden of demonstrating |
158 | the financial resources of the defendant and the financial needs |
159 | of the defendant is on the defendant. The burden of |
160 | demonstrating such other matters as the court deems appropriate |
161 | is upon the party designated by the court as justice requires. |
162 | (5) Any default in payment of costs may be collected by |
163 | any means authorized by law for enforcement of a judgment. |
164 | (6) The clerk of the court shall collect and dispense cost |
165 | payments in any case, regardless of whether the disposition of |
166 | the case takes place before the judge in open court or in any |
167 | other manner provided by law. |
168 | (7) Investigative costs that are recovered shall be |
169 | returned to the appropriate investigative agency that incurred |
170 | the expense. Such costs include actual expenses incurred in |
171 | conducting the investigation and prosecution of the criminal |
172 | case; however, costs may also include the salaries of permanent |
173 | employees. Any investigative costs recovered on behalf of a |
174 | state agency must be remitted to the Department of Revenue for |
175 | deposit in the agency operating trust fund, and a report of the |
176 | payment must be sent to the agency, except that any |
177 | investigative costs recovered on behalf of the Department of Law |
178 | Enforcement shall be deposited in the department's Forfeiture |
179 | and Investigative Support Trust Fund under s. 943.362. |
180 | (8) Costs for the state attorney shall be set in all cases |
181 | at no less than $50 per case when a misdemeanor or criminal |
182 | traffic offense is charged and no less than $100 per case when a |
183 | felony offense is charged, including a proceeding in which the |
184 | underlying offense is a violation of probation or community |
185 | control. The court may set a higher amount upon a showing of |
186 | sufficient proof of higher costs incurred. Costs recovered on |
187 | behalf of the state attorney under this section shall be |
188 | deposited into the State Attorneys Revenue Trust Fund to be used |
189 | during the fiscal year in which the funds are collected, or in |
190 | any subsequent fiscal year, for actual expenses incurred in |
191 | investigating and prosecuting criminal cases, which may include |
192 | the salaries of permanent employees, or for any other purpose |
193 | authorized by the Legislature. |
194 | (9) Notwithstanding any law, court rule, or administrative |
195 | order, the clerk shall assign the first of any fees or costs |
196 | paid by a defendant as payment of the costs of prosecution. |
197 | Section 4. Section 985.032, Florida Statutes, is amended |
198 | to read: |
199 | 985.032 Legal representation for delinquency cases.- |
200 | (1) For cases arising under this chapter, the state |
201 | attorney shall represent the state. |
202 | (2) A juvenile who has been adjudicated delinquent or has |
203 | adjudication of delinquency withheld shall be assessed costs of |
204 | prosecution as provided in s. 938.27. |
205 | Section 5. This act shall take effect July 1, 2011. |