1 | A bill to be entitled |
2 | An act relating to expunging criminal history records; |
3 | creating s. 943.0595, F.S.; permitting automatic |
4 | expunction of criminal history records in specified |
5 | circumstances; providing procedures; providing for effect |
6 | of expunction; providing for treatment of certain |
7 | statutory cross-references; amending ss. 943.0582, |
8 | 943.0585, 943.059, 948.08, 948.16, 961.06, and 985.345, |
9 | F.S.; conforming provisions; providing an effective date. |
10 |
|
11 | Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Florida: |
12 |
|
13 | Section 1. Section 943.0595, Florida Statutes, is created |
14 | to read: |
15 | 943.0595 Automatic qualification for expunction of |
16 | criminal history record if no finding of guilt.- |
17 | (1) QUALIFICATION.- |
18 | (a) Notwithstanding any law dealing generally with the |
19 | preservation and destruction of public records, a criminal |
20 | history record relating to a person who has not been found |
21 | guilty of, or not pled guilty or nolo contendere to, an offense |
22 | automatically qualifies for expunction. The record shall be |
23 | expunged if: |
24 | 1. An indictment, information, or other charging document |
25 | was not filed or issued in the case; |
26 | 2. An indictment, information, or other charging document |
27 | was filed or issued in the case and was dismissed or nolle |
28 | prosequi by the state attorney or statewide prosecutor or was |
29 | dismissed by a court of competent jurisdiction; or |
30 | 3. The person was found not guilty or acquitted by a judge |
31 | or jury. |
32 | (b) If the person was adjudicated guilty of or adjudicated |
33 | delinquent for committing any of the acts stemming from the |
34 | arrest or alleged criminal activity or delinquent act, the |
35 | record does not qualify for automatic expunction. |
36 | (2) PETITION.-Each petition to a court to expunge a |
37 | criminal history record is complete only when accompanied by a |
38 | certified copy of the disposition of the offenses sought to be |
39 | sealed. |
40 | (3) PROCESSING OF PETITION.- |
41 | (a) A certificate of eligibility for expunction from the |
42 | department shall not be required under this section. |
43 | (b) Any court of competent jurisdiction may order a |
44 | criminal justice agency to expunge the criminal history record |
45 | of a minor or an adult whose record qualifies for automatic |
46 | expunction under this section. |
47 | (c) In judicial proceedings under this section, a copy of |
48 | the completed petition to expunge shall be served upon the |
49 | appropriate state attorney or the statewide prosecutor and upon |
50 | the arresting agency; however, it is not necessary to make any |
51 | agency other than the state a party. The appropriate state |
52 | attorney or the statewide prosecutor and the arresting agency |
53 | may respond to the court regarding the completed petition to |
54 | expunge. |
55 | (d) Notwithstanding ss. 943.0585 and 943.059 and any other |
56 | provision of law, the court may order expunction of a criminal |
57 | history record pertaining to more than one arrest or one |
58 | incident of alleged criminal activity if the person has not been |
59 | adjudicated guilty of or adjudicated delinquent for committing |
60 | any of the acts stemming from the arrest or alleged criminal |
61 | activity or delinquent act to which the petition to expunge |
62 | pertains. |
63 | (e) If relief is granted by the court, the clerk of the |
64 | court shall certify copies of the order to the appropriate state |
65 | attorney or the statewide prosecutor and to the arresting |
66 | agency. The arresting agency is responsible for forwarding the |
67 | order to any other agency to which the arresting agency |
68 | disseminated the criminal history record information to which |
69 | the order pertains. The department shall forward the order to |
70 | expunge to the Federal Bureau of Investigation. The clerk of the |
71 | court shall certify a copy of the order to any other agency that |
72 | court records indicate has received the criminal history record |
73 | from the court. The clerk of court is responsible for forwarding |
74 | the order to any agency, organization, or company to which the |
75 | clerk of court disseminated the criminal history information to |
76 | which the order pertains. |
77 | (f) The department or any other criminal justice agency is |
78 | not required to act on an order to expunge entered by a court |
79 | when such order does not comply with the requirements of this |
80 | section. Upon receipt of such an order, the department must |
81 | notify the issuing court, the appropriate state attorney or the |
82 | statewide prosecutor, the petitioner or the petitioner's |
83 | attorney, and the arresting agency within 5 business days after |
84 | determining that the department or the agency cannot comply with |
85 | the court order. The appropriate state attorney or the statewide |
86 | prosecutor shall take action within 60 days to correct the |
87 | record and petition the court to void the order. No cause of |
88 | action, including contempt of court, shall arise against any |
89 | criminal justice agency for failure to comply with an order to |
90 | expunge when such order does not comply with the requirements of |
91 | this section. |
92 | (g) An order expunging a criminal history record pursuant |
93 | to this section does not require that such record be surrendered |
94 | to the court, and such record shall continue to be maintained by |
95 | the department and other criminal justice agencies. |
96 | (4) SECTION NOT EXCLUSIVE.-Expunction granted under this |
97 | section does not prevent the person who receives such relief |
98 | from petitioning for the expunction or sealing of a criminal |
99 | history record as provided for in ss. 943.0585 and 943.059 if |
100 | the person is otherwise eligible under those sections. |
101 | (5) STATUTORY REFERENCES.-Any reference to any other |
102 | chapter, section, or subdivision of the Florida Statutes in this |
103 | section constitutes a general reference under the doctrine of |
104 | incorporation by reference. |
105 | Section 2. Subsection (6) of section 943.0582, Florida |
106 | Statutes, is amended to read: |
107 | 943.0582 Prearrest, postarrest, or teen court diversion |
108 | program expunction.- |
109 | (6) Expunction or sealing granted under this section does |
110 | not prevent the minor who receives such relief from petitioning |
111 | for the expunction or sealing of a later criminal history record |
112 | as provided for in ss. 943.0585, and 943.059, and 943.0595 if |
113 | the minor is otherwise eligible under those sections. |
114 | Section 3. Paragraph (a) of subsection (4) of section |
115 | 943.0585, Florida Statutes, is amended to read: |
116 | 943.0585 Court-ordered expunction of criminal history |
117 | records.-The courts of this state have jurisdiction over their |
118 | own procedures, including the maintenance, expunction, and |
119 | correction of judicial records containing criminal history |
120 | information to the extent such procedures are not inconsistent |
121 | with the conditions, responsibilities, and duties established by |
122 | this section. Any court of competent jurisdiction may order a |
123 | criminal justice agency to expunge the criminal history record |
124 | of a minor or an adult who complies with the requirements of |
125 | this section. The court shall not order a criminal justice |
126 | agency to expunge a criminal history record until the person |
127 | seeking to expunge a criminal history record has applied for and |
128 | received a certificate of eligibility for expunction pursuant to |
129 | subsection (2). A criminal history record that relates to a |
130 | violation of s. 393.135, s. 394.4593, s. 787.025, chapter 794, |
131 | s. 796.03, s. 800.04, s. 810.14, s. 817.034, s. 825.1025, s. |
132 | 827.071, chapter 839, s. 847.0133, s. 847.0135, s. 847.0145, s. |
133 | 893.135, s. 916.1075, a violation enumerated in s. 907.041, or |
134 | any violation specified as a predicate offense for registration |
135 | as a sexual predator pursuant to s. 775.21, without regard to |
136 | whether that offense alone is sufficient to require such |
137 | registration, or for registration as a sexual offender pursuant |
138 | to s. 943.0435, may not be expunged, without regard to whether |
139 | adjudication was withheld, if the defendant was found guilty of |
140 | or pled guilty or nolo contendere to the offense, or if the |
141 | defendant, as a minor, was found to have committed, or pled |
142 | guilty or nolo contendere to committing, the offense as a |
143 | delinquent act. The court may only order expunction of a |
144 | criminal history record pertaining to one arrest or one incident |
145 | of alleged criminal activity, except as provided in this |
146 | section. The court may, at its sole discretion, order the |
147 | expunction of a criminal history record pertaining to more than |
148 | one arrest if the additional arrests directly relate to the |
149 | original arrest. If the court intends to order the expunction of |
150 | records pertaining to such additional arrests, such intent must |
151 | be specified in the order. A criminal justice agency may not |
152 | expunge any record pertaining to such additional arrests if the |
153 | order to expunge does not articulate the intention of the court |
154 | to expunge a record pertaining to more than one arrest. This |
155 | section does not prevent the court from ordering the expunction |
156 | of only a portion of a criminal history record pertaining to one |
157 | arrest or one incident of alleged criminal activity. |
158 | Notwithstanding any law to the contrary, a criminal justice |
159 | agency may comply with laws, court orders, and official requests |
160 | of other jurisdictions relating to expunction, correction, or |
161 | confidential handling of criminal history records or information |
162 | derived therefrom. This section does not confer any right to the |
163 | expunction of any criminal history record, and any request for |
164 | expunction of a criminal history record may be denied at the |
165 | sole discretion of the court. |
166 | (4) EFFECT OF CRIMINAL HISTORY RECORD EXPUNCTION.-Any |
167 | criminal history record of a minor or an adult which is ordered |
168 | expunged by a court of competent jurisdiction pursuant to this |
169 | section must be physically destroyed or obliterated by any |
170 | criminal justice agency having custody of such record; except |
171 | that any criminal history record in the custody of the |
172 | department must be retained in all cases. A criminal history |
173 | record ordered expunged that is retained by the department is |
174 | confidential and exempt from the provisions of s. 119.07(1) and |
175 | s. 24(a), Art. I of the State Constitution and not available to |
176 | any person or entity except upon order of a court of competent |
177 | jurisdiction. A criminal justice agency may retain a notation |
178 | indicating compliance with an order to expunge. |
179 | (a) The person who is the subject of a criminal history |
180 | record that is expunged under this section or under other |
181 | provisions of law, including former s. 893.14, former s. 901.33, |
182 | and former s. 943.058, may lawfully deny or fail to acknowledge |
183 | the arrests covered by the expunged record, except when the |
184 | subject of the record: |
185 | 1. Is a candidate for employment with a criminal justice |
186 | agency; |
187 | 2. Is a defendant in a criminal prosecution; |
188 | 3. Concurrently or subsequently petitions for relief under |
189 | this section, or s. 943.059, or s. 943.0595; |
190 | 4. Is a candidate for admission to The Florida Bar; |
191 | 5. Is seeking to be employed or licensed by or to contract |
192 | with the Department of Children and Family Services, the Agency |
193 | for Health Care Administration, the Agency for Persons with |
194 | Disabilities, or the Department of Juvenile Justice or to be |
195 | employed or used by such contractor or licensee in a sensitive |
196 | position having direct contact with children, the |
197 | developmentally disabled, the aged, or the elderly as provided |
198 | in s. 110.1127(3), s. 393.063, s. 394.4572(1), s. 397.451, s. |
199 | 402.302(3), s. 402.313(3), s. 409.175(2)(i), s. 415.102(5), |
200 | chapter 916, s. 985.644, chapter 400, or chapter 429; |
201 | 6. Is seeking to be employed or licensed by the Department |
202 | of Education, any district school board, any university |
203 | laboratory school, any charter school, any private or parochial |
204 | school, or any local governmental entity that licenses child |
205 | care facilities; or |
206 | 7. Is seeking authorization from a seaport listed in s. |
207 | 311.09 for employment within or access to one or more of such |
208 | seaports pursuant to s. 311.12. |
209 | Section 4. Paragraph (a) of subsection (4) of section |
210 | 943.059, Florida Statutes, is amended to read: |
211 | 943.059 Court-ordered sealing of criminal history |
212 | records.-The courts of this state shall continue to have |
213 | jurisdiction over their own procedures, including the |
214 | maintenance, sealing, and correction of judicial records |
215 | containing criminal history information to the extent such |
216 | procedures are not inconsistent with the conditions, |
217 | responsibilities, and duties established by this section. Any |
218 | court of competent jurisdiction may order a criminal justice |
219 | agency to seal the criminal history record of a minor or an |
220 | adult who complies with the requirements of this section. The |
221 | court shall not order a criminal justice agency to seal a |
222 | criminal history record until the person seeking to seal a |
223 | criminal history record has applied for and received a |
224 | certificate of eligibility for sealing pursuant to subsection |
225 | (2). A criminal history record that relates to a violation of s. |
226 | 393.135, s. 394.4593, s. 787.025, chapter 794, s. 796.03, s. |
227 | 800.04, s. 810.14, s. 817.034, s. 825.1025, s. 827.071, chapter |
228 | 839, s. 847.0133, s. 847.0135, s. 847.0145, s. 893.135, s. |
229 | 916.1075, a violation enumerated in s. 907.041, or any violation |
230 | specified as a predicate offense for registration as a sexual |
231 | predator pursuant to s. 775.21, without regard to whether that |
232 | offense alone is sufficient to require such registration, or for |
233 | registration as a sexual offender pursuant to s. 943.0435, may |
234 | not be sealed, without regard to whether adjudication was |
235 | withheld, if the defendant was found guilty of or pled guilty or |
236 | nolo contendere to the offense, or if the defendant, as a minor, |
237 | was found to have committed or pled guilty or nolo contendere to |
238 | committing the offense as a delinquent act. The court may only |
239 | order sealing of a criminal history record pertaining to one |
240 | arrest or one incident of alleged criminal activity, except as |
241 | provided in this section. The court may, at its sole discretion, |
242 | order the sealing of a criminal history record pertaining to |
243 | more than one arrest if the additional arrests directly relate |
244 | to the original arrest. If the court intends to order the |
245 | sealing of records pertaining to such additional arrests, such |
246 | intent must be specified in the order. A criminal justice agency |
247 | may not seal any record pertaining to such additional arrests if |
248 | the order to seal does not articulate the intention of the court |
249 | to seal records pertaining to more than one arrest. This section |
250 | does not prevent the court from ordering the sealing of only a |
251 | portion of a criminal history record pertaining to one arrest or |
252 | one incident of alleged criminal activity. Notwithstanding any |
253 | law to the contrary, a criminal justice agency may comply with |
254 | laws, court orders, and official requests of other jurisdictions |
255 | relating to sealing, correction, or confidential handling of |
256 | criminal history records or information derived therefrom. This |
257 | section does not confer any right to the sealing of any criminal |
258 | history record, and any request for sealing a criminal history |
259 | record may be denied at the sole discretion of the court. |
260 | (4) EFFECT OF CRIMINAL HISTORY RECORD SEALING.-A criminal |
261 | history record of a minor or an adult which is ordered sealed by |
262 | a court of competent jurisdiction pursuant to this section is |
263 | confidential and exempt from the provisions of s. 119.07(1) and |
264 | s. 24(a), Art. I of the State Constitution and is available only |
265 | to the person who is the subject of the record, to the subject's |
266 | attorney, to criminal justice agencies for their respective |
267 | criminal justice purposes, which include conducting a criminal |
268 | history background check for approval of firearms purchases or |
269 | transfers as authorized by state or federal law, to judges in |
270 | the state courts system for the purpose of assisting them in |
271 | their case-related decisionmaking responsibilities, as set forth |
272 | in s. 943.053(5), or to those entities set forth in |
273 | subparagraphs (a)1., 4., 5., 6., and 8. for their respective |
274 | licensing, access authorization, and employment purposes. |
275 | (a) The subject of a criminal history record sealed under |
276 | this section or under other provisions of law, including former |
277 | s. 893.14, former s. 901.33, and former s. 943.058, may lawfully |
278 | deny or fail to acknowledge the arrests covered by the sealed |
279 | record, except when the subject of the record: |
280 | 1. Is a candidate for employment with a criminal justice |
281 | agency; |
282 | 2. Is a defendant in a criminal prosecution; |
283 | 3. Concurrently or subsequently petitions for relief under |
284 | this section, or s. 943.0585, or s. 943.0595; |
285 | 4. Is a candidate for admission to The Florida Bar; |
286 | 5. Is seeking to be employed or licensed by or to contract |
287 | with the Department of Children and Family Services, the Agency |
288 | for Health Care Administration, the Agency for Persons with |
289 | Disabilities, or the Department of Juvenile Justice or to be |
290 | employed or used by such contractor or licensee in a sensitive |
291 | position having direct contact with children, the |
292 | developmentally disabled, the aged, or the elderly as provided |
293 | in s. 110.1127(3), s. 393.063, s. 394.4572(1), s. 397.451, s. |
294 | 402.302(3), s. 402.313(3), s. 409.175(2)(i), s. 415.102(5), s. |
295 | 415.103, chapter 916, s. 985.644, chapter 400, or chapter 429; |
296 | 6. Is seeking to be employed or licensed by the Department |
297 | of Education, any district school board, any university |
298 | laboratory school, any charter school, any private or parochial |
299 | school, or any local governmental entity that licenses child |
300 | care facilities; |
301 | 7. Is attempting to purchase a firearm from a licensed |
302 | importer, licensed manufacturer, or licensed dealer and is |
303 | subject to a criminal history check under state or federal law; |
304 | or |
305 | 8. Is seeking authorization from a Florida seaport |
306 | identified in s. 311.09 for employment within or access to one |
307 | or more of such seaports pursuant to s. 311.12. |
308 | Section 5. Paragraph (b) of subsection (6) of section |
309 | 948.08, Florida Statutes, is amended to read: |
310 | 948.08 Pretrial intervention program.- |
311 | (6) |
312 | (b) While enrolled in a pretrial intervention program |
313 | authorized by this subsection, the participant is subject to a |
314 | coordinated strategy developed by a drug court team under s. |
315 | 397.334(4). The coordinated strategy may include a protocol of |
316 | sanctions that may be imposed upon the participant for |
317 | noncompliance with program rules. The protocol of sanctions may |
318 | include, but is not limited to, placement in a substance abuse |
319 | treatment program offered by a licensed service provider as |
320 | defined in s. 397.311 or in a jail-based treatment program or |
321 | serving a period of incarceration within the time limits |
322 | established for contempt of court. The coordinated strategy must |
323 | be provided in writing to the participant before the participant |
324 | agrees to enter into a pretrial treatment-based drug court |
325 | program or other pretrial intervention program. Any person whose |
326 | charges are dismissed after successful completion of the |
327 | treatment-based drug court program, if otherwise eligible, may |
328 | have his or her arrest record and plea of nolo contendere to the |
329 | dismissed charges expunged under s. 943.0585 or s. 943.0595. |
330 | Section 6. Paragraph (b) of subsection (1) of section |
331 | 948.16, Florida Statutes, is amended to read: |
332 | 948.16 Misdemeanor pretrial substance abuse education and |
333 | treatment intervention program.- |
334 | (1) |
335 | (b) While enrolled in a pretrial intervention program |
336 | authorized by this section, the participant is subject to a |
337 | coordinated strategy developed by a drug court team under s. |
338 | 397.334(4). The coordinated strategy may include a protocol of |
339 | sanctions that may be imposed upon the participant for |
340 | noncompliance with program rules. The protocol of sanctions may |
341 | include, but is not limited to, placement in a substance abuse |
342 | treatment program offered by a licensed service provider as |
343 | defined in s. 397.311 or in a jail-based treatment program or |
344 | serving a period of incarceration within the time limits |
345 | established for contempt of court. The coordinated strategy must |
346 | be provided in writing to the participant before the participant |
347 | agrees to enter into a pretrial treatment-based drug court |
348 | program or other pretrial intervention program. Any person whose |
349 | charges are dismissed after successful completion of the |
350 | treatment-based drug court program, if otherwise eligible, may |
351 | have his or her arrest record and plea of nolo contendere to the |
352 | dismissed charges expunged under s. 943.0585 or s. 943.0595. |
353 | Section 7. Paragraph (e) of subsection (1) of section |
354 | 961.06, Florida Statutes, is amended to read: |
355 | 961.06 Compensation for wrongful incarceration.- |
356 | (1) Except as otherwise provided in this act and subject |
357 | to the limitations and procedures prescribed in this section, a |
358 | person who is found to be entitled to compensation under the |
359 | provisions of this act is entitled to: |
360 | (e) Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary in s. |
361 | 943.0585 or s. 943.0595, immediate administrative expunction of |
362 | the person's criminal record resulting from his or her wrongful |
363 | arrest, wrongful conviction, and wrongful incarceration. The |
364 | Department of Legal Affairs and the Department of Law |
365 | Enforcement shall, upon a determination that a claimant is |
366 | entitled to compensation, immediately take all action necessary |
367 | to administratively expunge the claimant's criminal record |
368 | arising from his or her wrongful arrest, wrongful conviction, |
369 | and wrongful incarceration. All fees for this process shall be |
370 | waived. |
371 |
|
372 | The total compensation awarded under paragraphs (a), (c), and |
373 | (d) may not exceed $2 million. No further award for attorney's |
374 | fees, lobbying fees, costs, or other similar expenses shall be |
375 | made by the state. |
376 | Section 8. Subsection (2) of section 985.345, Florida |
377 | Statutes, is amended to read: |
378 | 985.345 Delinquency pretrial intervention program.- |
379 | (2) While enrolled in a delinquency pretrial intervention |
380 | program authorized by this section, a child is subject to a |
381 | coordinated strategy developed by a drug court team under s. |
382 | 397.334(4). The coordinated strategy may include a protocol of |
383 | sanctions that may be imposed upon the child for noncompliance |
384 | with program rules. The protocol of sanctions may include, but |
385 | is not limited to, placement in a substance abuse treatment |
386 | program offered by a licensed service provider as defined in s. |
387 | 397.311 or serving a period of secure detention under this |
388 | chapter. The coordinated strategy must be provided in writing to |
389 | the child before the child agrees to enter the pretrial |
390 | treatment-based drug court program or other pretrial |
391 | intervention program. Any child whose charges are dismissed |
392 | after successful completion of the treatment-based drug court |
393 | program, if otherwise eligible, may have his or her arrest |
394 | record and plea of nolo contendere to the dismissed charges |
395 | expunged under s. 943.0585 or s. 943.0595. |
396 | Section 9. This act shall take effect July 1, 2011. |