Florida Senate - 2012                             CS for SB 1358
       
       
       
       By the Committee on Governmental Oversight and Accountability;
       and Senator Hays
       
       
       
       585-02798-12                                          20121358c1
    1                        A bill to be entitled                      
    2         An act relating to employee drug testing; amending s.
    3         112.0455, F.S.; removing the definition of the term
    4         “safety-sensitive position,” redefining the term “job
    5         applicant,” and defining the term “random testing” for
    6         purposes of the Drug-Free Workplace Act; authorizing
    7         an agency within state government to conduct random
    8         drug testing every 3 months; removing provisions
    9         prohibiting a state agency from discharging or
   10         disciplining an employee under certain circumstances
   11         based on the employee’s first positive confirmed drug
   12         test; removing provisions limiting the circumstances
   13         under which an agency may discharge an employee in a
   14         special risk or safety-sensitive position; providing
   15         that an agency may discharge or discipline an employee
   16         following a first-time positive confirmed drug test
   17         result; authorizing an agency to refer an employee to
   18         an employee assistance program or an alcohol and drug
   19         rehabilitation program if the employee is not
   20         discharged; providing that participation in an
   21         employee assistance program or an alcohol and drug
   22         rehabilitation program may be at the employee’s own
   23         expense or pursuant to a health insurance plan;
   24         requiring the employer to determine if the employee is
   25         able to safely and effectively perform the job duties
   26         assigned to the employee before the employee enters
   27         the employee assistance program or the alcohol and
   28         drug rehabilitation program; deeming that certain
   29         specified job activities cannot be performed safely
   30         and effectively while the employee is participating in
   31         the employee assistance program or the alcohol and
   32         drug rehabilitation program; requiring the employer to
   33         transfer the employee to a job assignment that he or
   34         she can perform safely and effectively while the
   35         employee participates in the employee assistance
   36         program or the alcohol and drug rehabilitation
   37         program; requiring the employer to place the employee
   38         on leave status while the employee is participating in
   39         an employee assistance program or an alcohol and drug
   40         rehabilitation program if such a position is
   41         unavailable; authorizing the employee to use
   42         accumulated leave credits before being placed on leave
   43         without pay; amending s. 440.102, F.S.; revising the
   44         definition of the term “job applicant”; removing the
   45         definition of the term “safety-sensitive position” and
   46         replacing it with the definition for the term
   47         “mandatory-testing position”; providing that an
   48         employer remains qualified for an insurer rate plan
   49         that discounts rates for workers’ compensation and
   50         employer’s liability insurance policies if the
   51         employer maintains a drug-free workplace program that
   52         is broader in scope than that provided for by the
   53         standards and procedures established in the act;
   54         authorizing a public employer, using an unbiased
   55         selection procedure, to conduct random drug tests of
   56         employees occupying mandatory-testing or special-risk
   57         positions if the testing is performed in accordance
   58         with drug-testing rules adopted by the Agency for
   59         Health Care Administration; requiring that a public
   60         sector employer assign a public sector employee to a
   61         position other than a mandatory-testing position if
   62         the employee enters an employee assistance program or
   63         alcohol and drug rehabilitation program; removing
   64         provisions related to collective bargaining rights for
   65         nonfederal public sector employers; conforming cross
   66         references; amending s. 944.474, F.S.; revising
   67         provisions governing employees of the state
   68         correctional system, to conform to changes made by the
   69         act; providing an effective date.
   70  
   71  Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Florida:
   72  
   73         Section 1. Subsections (5), (7), and (8) and paragraphs
   74  (h), (i), (j), and (k) of subsection (10) of section 112.0455,
   75  Florida Statutes, are amended to read:
   76         112.0455 Drug-Free Workplace Act.—
   77         (5) DEFINITIONS.—Except where the context otherwise
   78  requires, as used in this act:
   79         (a) “Drug” means alcohol, including distilled spirits,
   80  wine, malt beverages, and intoxicating liquors; amphetamines;
   81  cannabinoids; cocaine; phencyclidine (PCP); hallucinogens;
   82  methaqualone; opiates; barbiturates; benzodiazepines; synthetic
   83  narcotics; designer drugs; or a metabolite of any of the
   84  substances listed herein.
   85         (b) “Drug test” or “test” means any chemical, biological,
   86  or physical instrumental analysis administered for the purpose
   87  of determining the presence or absence of a drug or its
   88  metabolites.
   89         (c) “Initial drug test” means a sensitive, rapid, and
   90  reliable procedure to identify negative and presumptive positive
   91  specimens. All initial tests must shall use an immunoassay
   92  procedure or an equivalent, or must shall use a more accurate
   93  scientifically accepted method approved by the Agency for Health
   94  Care Administration as such more accurate technology becomes
   95  available in a cost-effective form.
   96         (d) “Confirmation test,” “confirmed test,” or “confirmed
   97  drug test” means a second analytical procedure used to identify
   98  the presence of a specific drug or metabolite in a specimen. The
   99  confirmation test must be different in scientific principle from
  100  that of the initial test procedure. This confirmation method
  101  must be capable of providing requisite specificity, sensitivity,
  102  and quantitative accuracy.
  103         (e) “Chain of custody” refers to the methodology of
  104  tracking specified materials or substances for the purpose of
  105  maintaining control and accountability from initial collection
  106  to final disposition for all such materials or substances and
  107  providing for accountability at each stage in handling, testing,
  108  storing specimens, and reporting of test results.
  109         (f) “Job applicant” means a person who has applied for a
  110  special risk or safety-sensitive position with an employer and
  111  has been offered employment conditioned upon successfully
  112  passing a drug test.
  113         (g) “Employee” means a any person who works for salary,
  114  wages, or other remuneration for an employer.
  115         (h) “Employer” means an any agency within state government
  116  that employs individuals for salary, wages, or other
  117  remuneration.
  118         (i) “Prescription or nonprescription medication” means a
  119  drug or medication obtained pursuant to a prescription as
  120  defined by s. 893.02 or a medication that is authorized pursuant
  121  to federal or state law for general distribution and use without
  122  a prescription in the treatment of human diseases, ailments, or
  123  injuries.
  124         (j) “Random testing” means a drug test conducted on
  125  employees who are selected through the use of a computer
  126  generated random sample of an employer’s employees.
  127         (k)(j) “Reasonable suspicion drug testing” means drug
  128  testing based on a belief that an employee is using or has used
  129  drugs in violation of the employer’s policy drawn from specific
  130  objective and articulable facts and reasonable inferences drawn
  131  from those facts in light of experience. Reasonable suspicion
  132  drug testing may shall not be required except upon the
  133  recommendation of a supervisor who is at least one level of
  134  supervision higher than the immediate supervisor of the employee
  135  in question. Among other things, such facts and inferences may
  136  be based upon:
  137         1. Observable phenomena while at work, such as direct
  138  observation of drug use or of the physical symptoms or
  139  manifestations of being under the influence of a drug.
  140         2. Abnormal conduct or erratic behavior while at work or a
  141  significant deterioration in work performance.
  142         3. A report of drug use, provided by a reliable and
  143  credible source, which has been independently corroborated.
  144         4. Evidence that an individual has tampered with a drug
  145  test during employment with the current employer.
  146         5. Information that an employee has caused, or contributed
  147  to, an accident while at work.
  148         6. Evidence that an employee has used, possessed, sold,
  149  solicited, or transferred drugs while working or while on the
  150  employer’s premises or while operating the employer’s vehicle,
  151  machinery, or equipment.
  152         (l)(k) “Specimen” means a tissue, hair, or product of the
  153  human body capable of revealing the presence of drugs or their
  154  metabolites.
  155         (m)(l) “Employee assistance program” means an established
  156  program for employee assessment, counseling, and possible
  157  referral to an alcohol and drug rehabilitation program.
  158         (m) “Safety-sensitive position” means any position,
  159  including a supervisory or management position, in which a drug
  160  impairment would constitute an immediate and direct threat to
  161  public health or safety.
  162         (n) “Special risk” means employees who are required as a
  163  condition of employment to be certified under chapter 633 or
  164  chapter 943.
  165         (7) TYPES OF TESTING.—An employer may conduct is
  166  authorized, but is not required, to conduct, the following types
  167  of drug tests:
  168         (a) Job applicant testing.—An employer may require job
  169  applicants to submit to a drug test and may use a refusal to
  170  submit to a drug test or a positive confirmed drug test as a
  171  basis for refusal to hire the job applicant.
  172         (b) Reasonable suspicion.—An employer may require an
  173  employee to submit to reasonable suspicion drug testing.
  174         (c) Random testing.—An employer may conduct random testing
  175  once every 3 months. The random sample chosen for the testing
  176  must be computer-generated by an independent third party. A
  177  random sample may not constitute more than 10 percent of the
  178  total employee population.
  179         (d)(c)Routine fitness for duty.—An employer may require an
  180  employee to submit to a drug test if the test is conducted as
  181  part of a routinely scheduled employee fitness-for-duty medical
  182  examination that is part of the employer’s established policy or
  183  that is scheduled routinely for all members of an employment
  184  classification or group.
  185         (e)(d)Followup testing.—If the employee in the course of
  186  employment enters an employee assistance program for drug
  187  related problems, or an alcohol and drug rehabilitation program,
  188  the employer may require the said employee to submit to a drug
  189  test as a followup to such program, and on a quarterly,
  190  semiannual, or annual basis for up to 2 years thereafter.
  191         (8) PROCEDURES AND EMPLOYEE PROTECTION.—All specimen
  192  collection and testing for drugs under this section shall be
  193  performed in accordance with the following procedures:
  194         (a) A sample shall be collected with due regard to the
  195  privacy of the individual providing the sample, and in a manner
  196  reasonably calculated to prevent substitution or contamination
  197  of the sample.
  198         (b) Specimen collection shall be documented, and the
  199  documentation procedures shall include:
  200         1. Labeling of specimen containers so as to reasonably
  201  preclude the likelihood of erroneous identification of test
  202  results.
  203         2. A form for the employee or job applicant to provide any
  204  information he or she considers relevant to the test, including
  205  identification of currently or recently used prescription or
  206  nonprescription medication, or other relevant medical
  207  information. Such form shall provide notice of the most common
  208  medications by brand name or common name, as applicable, as well
  209  as by chemical name, which may alter or affect a drug test. The
  210  providing of information does shall not preclude the
  211  administration of the drug test, but shall be taken into account
  212  in interpreting any positive confirmed results.
  213         (c) Specimen collection, storage, and transportation to the
  214  testing site shall be performed in a manner that which will
  215  reasonably preclude specimen contamination or adulteration.
  216         (d) Each initial and confirmation test conducted under this
  217  section, not including the taking or collecting of a specimen to
  218  be tested, shall be conducted by a licensed laboratory as
  219  described in subsection (12).
  220         (e) A specimen for a drug test may be taken or collected by
  221  any of the following persons:
  222         1. A physician, a physician’s assistant, a registered
  223  professional nurse, a licensed practical nurse, a nurse
  224  practitioner, or a certified paramedic who is present at the
  225  scene of an accident for the purpose of rendering emergency
  226  medical service or treatment.
  227         2. A qualified person employed by a licensed laboratory.
  228         (f) A person who collects or takes a specimen for a drug
  229  test conducted pursuant to this section shall collect an amount
  230  sufficient for two drug tests as determined by the Agency for
  231  Health Care Administration.
  232         (g) Any drug test conducted or requested by an employer may
  233  occur before, during, or immediately after the regular work
  234  period of the employee, and shall be deemed to be performed
  235  during work time for the purposes of determining compensation
  236  and benefits for the employee.
  237         (h) Every specimen that produces a positive confirmed
  238  result shall be preserved by the licensed laboratory that
  239  conducts the confirmation test for a period of at least 210 days
  240  from the time the results of the positive confirmation test are
  241  mailed or otherwise delivered to the employer. However, if an
  242  employee or job applicant undertakes an administrative or legal
  243  challenge to the test result, the employee or job applicant
  244  shall notify the laboratory and the sample shall be retained by
  245  the laboratory until the case or administrative appeal is
  246  settled. During the 180-day period after written notification of
  247  a positive test result, the employee or job applicant who has
  248  provided the specimen shall be permitted by the employer to have
  249  a portion of the specimen retested, at the employee or job
  250  applicant’s expense, at another laboratory, licensed and
  251  approved by the Agency for Health Care Administration, chosen by
  252  the employee or job applicant. The second laboratory must test
  253  at equal or greater sensitivity for the drug in question as the
  254  first laboratory. The first laboratory that which performed the
  255  test for the employer is shall be responsible for the transfer
  256  of the portion of the specimen to be retested, and for the
  257  integrity of the chain of custody during such transfer.
  258         (i) Within 5 working days after receipt of a positive
  259  confirmed test result from the testing laboratory, an employer
  260  shall inform an employee or job applicant in writing of such
  261  positive test result, the consequences of such results, and the
  262  options available to the employee or job applicant.
  263         (j) The employer shall provide to the employee or job
  264  applicant, upon request, a copy of the test results.
  265         (k) Within 5 working days after receiving notice of a
  266  positive confirmed test result, the employee or job applicant
  267  may submit information to an employer explaining or contesting
  268  the test results, and why the results do not constitute a
  269  violation of the employer’s policy.
  270         (l) If an employee or job applicant’s explanation or
  271  challenge of the positive test results is unsatisfactory to the
  272  employer, a written explanation as to why the employee or job
  273  applicant’s explanation is unsatisfactory, along with the report
  274  of positive results, shall be provided by the employer to the
  275  employee or job applicant. All such documentation shall be kept
  276  confidential and exempt from the provisions of s. 119.07(1) by
  277  the employer pursuant to subsection (11) and shall be retained
  278  by the employer for at least 1 year.
  279         (m) An No employer may not discharge, discipline, refuse to
  280  hire, discriminate against, or request or require rehabilitation
  281  of an employee or job applicant on the sole basis of a positive
  282  test result that has not been verified by a confirmation test.
  283         (n) In addition to the limitation under paragraph (m):
  284         1. Except as provided in subparagraph 3., no employer may
  285  discharge, discipline, or discriminate against an employee on
  286  the sole basis of the employee’s first positive confirmed drug
  287  test, unless the employer has first given the employee an
  288  opportunity to participate in, at the employee’s own expense or
  289  pursuant to coverage under a health insurance plan, an employee
  290  assistance program or an alcohol and drug rehabilitation
  291  program, and:
  292         a. The employee has either refused to participate in the
  293  employee assistance program or the alcohol and drug
  294  rehabilitation program or has failed to successfully complete
  295  such program, as evidenced by withdrawal from the program before
  296  its completion or a report from the program indicating
  297  unsatisfactory compliance, or by a positive test result on a
  298  confirmation test after completion of the program; or
  299         b. The employee has failed or refused to sign a written
  300  consent form allowing the employer to obtain information
  301  regarding the progress and successful completion of an employee
  302  assistance program or an alcohol and drug rehabilitation
  303  program.
  304         2. An employee in a safety-sensitive position shall be
  305  placed by the employer in a non-safety-sensitive position, or if
  306  such position is unavailable, on leave status while
  307  participating in an employee assistance program or an alcohol
  308  and drug rehabilitation program. If placed on leave status
  309  without pay, the employee shall be permitted to use any
  310  accumulated leave credits prior to being placed on leave without
  311  pay.
  312         3. A special risk employee may be discharged or disciplined
  313  for the first positive confirmed drug test result when illicit
  314  drugs, pursuant to s. 893.13, are confirmed. No special risk
  315  employee shall be permitted to continue work in a safety
  316  sensitive position, but may be placed either in a non-safety
  317  sensitive position or on leave status while participating in an
  318  employee assistance program or an alcohol and drug
  319  rehabilitation program.
  320         (n)(o) Upon successful completion of an employee assistance
  321  program or an alcohol and drug rehabilitation program, the
  322  employee shall be reinstated to the same or equivalent position
  323  that was held prior to such rehabilitation.
  324         (o)(p)An No employer may not discharge, discipline, or
  325  discriminate against an employee, or refuse to hire a job
  326  applicant, on the basis of any prior medical history revealed to
  327  the employer pursuant to this section.
  328         (p)(q) An employer who performs drug testing or specimen
  329  collection shall use chain-of-custody procedures as established
  330  by the Agency for Health Care Administration to ensure proper
  331  recordkeeping, handling, labeling, and identification of all
  332  specimens to be tested.
  333         (q)(r) An employer shall pay the cost of all drug tests,
  334  initial and confirmation, which the employer requires of
  335  employees.
  336         (r)(s) An employee or job applicant shall pay the costs of
  337  any additional drug tests not required by the employer.
  338         (s)(t)An No employer may not shall discharge, discipline,
  339  or discriminate against an employee solely upon voluntarily
  340  seeking treatment, while under the employ of the employer, for a
  341  drug-related problem if the employee has not previously tested
  342  positive for drug use, entered an employee assistance program
  343  for drug-related problems, or entered an alcohol and drug
  344  rehabilitation program. However, special risk employees may be
  345  subject to discharge or disciplinary action when the presence of
  346  illicit drugs, pursuant to s. 893.13, is confirmed.
  347         (t)(u)If Where testing is conducted based on reasonable
  348  suspicion, each employer shall promptly detail in writing the
  349  circumstances which formed the basis of the determination that
  350  reasonable suspicion existed to warrant the testing. A copy of
  351  this documentation shall be given to the employee upon request
  352  and the original documentation shall be kept confidential and
  353  exempt from the provisions of s. 119.07(1) by the employer
  354  pursuant to subsection (11) and retained by the employer for at
  355  least 1 year.
  356         (u)(v) If an employee is unable to participate in
  357  outpatient rehabilitation, the employee may be placed on leave
  358  status while participating in an employee assistance program or
  359  an alcohol and drug rehabilitation program. If placed on leave
  360  without-pay status, the employee shall be permitted to use any
  361  accumulated leave credits prior to being placed on leave without
  362  pay. Upon successful completion of an employee assistance
  363  program or an alcohol and drug rehabilitation program, the
  364  employee shall be reinstated to the same or equivalent position
  365  that was held prior to such rehabilitation.
  366         (10) EMPLOYER PROTECTION.—
  367         (h) An employer may discharge or discipline shall refer an
  368  employee following with a first-time positive confirmed drug
  369  test result. If the employer does not discharge the employee,
  370  the employer may refer the employee to an employee assistance
  371  program or an alcohol and drug rehabilitation program in which
  372  the employee may participate at the expense of the employee or
  373  pursuant to a health insurance plan, unless such employee is
  374  discharged as provided in subparagraph (8)(n)3. If the results
  375  of a subsequent confirmed drug test are positive, the employer
  376  may discharge or discipline the employee.
  377         1.If an employer refers an employee to an employee
  378  assistance program or an alcohol and drug rehabilitation
  379  program, the employer must determine whether the employee is
  380  able to safely and effectively perform the job duties assigned
  381  to the employee while the employee participates in such a
  382  program.
  383         2. An employee whose assigned duties require the employee
  384  to carry a firearm, work closely with an employee who carries a
  385  firearm, perform life-threatening procedures, work with heavy or
  386  dangerous machinery, work as a safety inspector, work with
  387  children, work with detainees in the correctional system, work
  388  with confidential information or documents pertaining to
  389  criminal investigations, work with controlled substances, hold a
  390  position subject to s. 110.1127, or hold a position in which a
  391  momentary lapse in attention could result in injury or death to
  392  another person, is deemed unable to safely and effectively
  393  perform the job duties assigned to the employee while the
  394  employee participates in the employee assistance program or
  395  alcohol and drug rehabilitation program.
  396         3.If an employer refers an employee to an employee
  397  assistance program or an alcohol and drug rehabilitation program
  398  and the employer determines that the employee is unable, or the
  399  employee is deemed unable, to safely and effectively perform the
  400  job duties assigned to the employee before he or she completes
  401  such a program, the employer shall place the employee in a job
  402  assignment that the employer determines the employee can safely
  403  and effectively perform while participating in the program.
  404         4. If a job assignment in which the employee may safely and
  405  effectively perform is unavailable, the employer shall place the
  406  employee on leave status while the employee is participating in
  407  an employee assistance program or an alcohol and drug
  408  rehabilitation program. If placed on leave status without pay,
  409  the employee may use accumulated leave credits before being
  410  placed on leave without pay.
  411         (i) Nothing in This section does not shall be construed to
  412  prohibit an employer from conducting medical screening or other
  413  tests required by any statute, rule, or regulation for the
  414  purpose of monitoring exposure of employees to toxic or other
  415  unhealthy substances in the workplace or in the performance of
  416  job responsibilities. Such screening or tests shall be limited
  417  to the specific substances expressly identified in the
  418  applicable statute, rule, or regulation, unless prior written
  419  consent of the employee is obtained for other tests.
  420         (j) An employer shall place a safety-sensitive position
  421  employee whose drug test result is confirmed positive in a non
  422  safety-sensitive position, or if such a position is unavailable,
  423  on leave status while the employee participates in an employee
  424  assistance program or an alcohol and drug rehabilitation
  425  program. If placed on leave status without pay, the employee
  426  shall be permitted to use any accumulated leave credits prior to
  427  being placed on leave without pay.
  428         (k) A special risk employee may be discharged or
  429  disciplined on the first positive confirmed drug test result
  430  when illicit drugs, pursuant to s. 893.13, are confirmed. No
  431  special risk employee shall be permitted to continue work in a
  432  safety-sensitive position, but may be placed either in a non
  433  safety-sensitive position or on leave status while participating
  434  in an employee assistance program or an alcohol and drug
  435  rehabilitation program.
  436         Section 2. Paragraphs (j) and (o) of subsection (1),
  437  subsection (2), paragraph (g) of subsection (7), and subsections
  438  (11), (13), (14), and (15) of section 440.102, Florida Statutes,
  439  are amended to read:
  440         440.102 Drug-free workplace program requirements.—The
  441  following provisions apply to a drug-free workplace program
  442  implemented pursuant to law or to rules adopted by the Agency
  443  for Health Care Administration:
  444         (1) DEFINITIONS.—Except where the context otherwise
  445  requires, as used in this act:
  446         (j) “Job applicant” means a person who has applied for a
  447  position with an employer and has been offered employment
  448  conditioned upon successfully passing a drug test, and may have
  449  begun work pending the results of the drug test. For a public
  450  employer, “job applicant” means only a person who has applied
  451  for a special-risk or mandatory-testing safety-sensitive
  452  position.
  453         (o) “Mandatory-testing position” means, with respect to a
  454  public employer, a job assignment that requires the employee to
  455  carry a firearm, work closely with an employee who carries a
  456  firearm, perform life-threatening procedures, work with heavy or
  457  dangerous machinery, work as a safety inspector, work with
  458  children, work with detainees in the correctional system, work
  459  with confidential information or documents pertaining to
  460  criminal investigations, or work with controlled substances; a
  461  job assignment that requires an employee security background
  462  check pursuant to s. 110.1127; or a job assignment in which a
  463  momentary lapse in attention could result in injury or death to
  464  another person “Safety-sensitive position” means, with respect
  465  to a public employer, a position in which a drug impairment
  466  constitutes an immediate and direct threat to public health or
  467  safety, such as a position that requires the employee to carry a
  468  firearm, perform life-threatening procedures, work with
  469  confidential information or documents pertaining to criminal
  470  investigations, or work with controlled substances; a position
  471  subject to s. 110.1127; or a position in which a momentary lapse
  472  in attention could result in injury or death to another person.
  473         (2) DRUG TESTING.—An employer may test an employee or job
  474  applicant for any drug described in paragraph (1)(c). In order
  475  to qualify as having established a drug-free workplace program
  476  under this section and to qualify for the discounts provided
  477  under s. 627.0915 and deny medical and indemnity benefits under
  478  this chapter, an employer must, at a minimum, implement drug
  479  testing that conforms to the standards and procedures
  480  established in this section and all applicable rules adopted
  481  pursuant to this section as required in subsection (4). However,
  482  an employer does not have a legal duty under this section to
  483  request an employee or job applicant to undergo drug testing. If
  484  an employer fails to maintain a drug-free workplace program in
  485  accordance with the standards and procedures established in this
  486  section and in applicable rules, the employer is ineligible for
  487  discounts under s. 627.0915. However, an employer qualifies for
  488  discounts under s. 627.0915 if the employer maintains a drug
  489  free workplace program that is broader in scope than that
  490  provided for by the standards and procedures established in this
  491  section. An employer who qualifies All employers qualifying for
  492  and receives receiving discounts provided under s. 627.0915 must
  493  be reported annually by the insurer to the department.
  494         (7) EMPLOYER PROTECTION.—
  495         (g) This section does not prohibit an employer from
  496  conducting medical screening or other tests required, permitted,
  497  or not disallowed by any statute, rule, or regulation for the
  498  purpose of monitoring exposure of employees to toxic or other
  499  unhealthy substances in the workplace or in the performance of
  500  job responsibilities. Such screening or testing is limited to
  501  the specific substances expressly identified in the applicable
  502  statute, rule, or regulation, unless prior written consent of
  503  the employee is obtained for other tests. Such screening or
  504  testing need not be in compliance with the rules adopted by the
  505  Agency for Health Care Administration under this chapter or
  506  under s. 112.0455. A public employer may, through the use of an
  507  unbiased selection procedure, conduct random drug tests of
  508  employees occupying mandatory-testing safety-sensitive or
  509  special-risk positions if the testing is performed in accordance
  510  with drug-testing rules adopted by the Agency for Health Care
  511  Administration and the department. If applicable, random drug
  512  testing must be specified in a collective bargaining agreement
  513  as negotiated by the appropriate certified bargaining agent
  514  before such testing is implemented.
  515         (11) PUBLIC EMPLOYEES IN MANDATORY-TESTING SAFETY-SENSITIVE
  516  OR SPECIAL-RISK POSITIONS.—
  517         (a) If an employee who is employed by a public employer in
  518  a mandatory-testing safety-sensitive position enters an employee
  519  assistance program or drug rehabilitation program, the employer
  520  must assign the employee to a position other than a mandatory
  521  testing safety-sensitive position or, if such position is not
  522  available, place the employee on leave while the employee is
  523  participating in the program. However, the employee shall be
  524  permitted to use any accumulated annual leave credits before
  525  leave may be ordered without pay.
  526         (b) An employee who is employed by a public employer in a
  527  special-risk position may be discharged or disciplined by a
  528  public employer for the first positive confirmed test result if
  529  the drug confirmed is an illicit drug under s. 893.03. A
  530  special-risk employee who is participating in an employee
  531  assistance program or drug rehabilitation program may not be
  532  allowed to continue to work in any special-risk or mandatory
  533  testing safety-sensitive position of the public employer, but
  534  may be assigned to a position other than a mandatory-testing
  535  safety-sensitive position or placed on leave while the employee
  536  is participating in the program. However, the employee shall be
  537  permitted to use any accumulated annual leave credits before
  538  leave may be ordered without pay.
  539         (13) COLLECTIVE BARGAINING RIGHTS.—
  540         (a) This section does not eliminate the bargainable rights
  541  as provided in the collective bargaining process if applicable.
  542         (b) Drug-free workplace program requirements pursuant to
  543  this section shall be a mandatory topic of negotiations with any
  544  certified collective bargaining agent for nonfederal public
  545  sector employers that operate under a collective bargaining
  546  agreement.
  547         (13)(14) APPLICABILITY.—A drug testing policy or procedure
  548  adopted by an employer pursuant to this chapter shall be applied
  549  equally to all employee classifications where the employee is
  550  subject to workers’ compensation coverage.
  551         (14)(15) STATE CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTS.—Each construction
  552  contractor regulated under part I of chapter 489, and each
  553  electrical contractor and alarm system contractor regulated
  554  under part II of chapter 489, who contracts to perform
  555  construction work under a state contract for educational
  556  facilities governed by chapter 1013, for public property or
  557  publicly owned buildings governed by chapter 255, or for state
  558  correctional facilities governed by chapter 944 shall implement
  559  a drug-free workplace program under this section.
  560         Section 3. Section 944.474, Florida Statutes, is amended to
  561  read:
  562         944.474 Legislative intent; employee wellness program; drug
  563  and alcohol testing.—
  564         (1) It is the intent of the Legislature that the state
  565  correctional system provide a safe and secure environment for
  566  both inmates and staff. A healthy workforce is a productive
  567  workforce, and security of the state correctional system can
  568  best be provided by strong and healthy employees. The Department
  569  of Corrections may develop and implement an employee wellness
  570  program. The program may include, but is not limited to,
  571  wellness education, smoking cessation, nutritional education,
  572  and overall health-risk reduction, including the effects of
  573  using drugs and alcohol.
  574         (2) An employee Under no circumstances shall employees of
  575  the department may not test positive for illegal use of
  576  controlled substances. An employee of the department may not be
  577  under the influence of alcohol while on duty. In order to ensure
  578  that these prohibitions are adhered to by all employees of the
  579  department and notwithstanding s. 112.0455, the department may
  580  develop a program for the drug testing of all job applicants and
  581  for the random drug testing of all employees. The department may
  582  randomly evaluate employees for the contemporaneous use or
  583  influence of alcohol through the use of alcohol tests and
  584  observation methods. Notwithstanding s. 112.0455, the department
  585  may develop a program for the reasonable suspicion drug testing
  586  of employees who are in mandatory-testing safety-sensitive or
  587  special risk positions, as defined in s. 112.0455(5) or s.
  588  440.102(1)(o), respectively, for the controlled substances
  589  listed in s. 893.03(3)(d). The reasonable suspicion drug testing
  590  authorized by this subsection shall be conducted in accordance
  591  with s. 112.0455, but may also include testing upon reasonable
  592  suspicion based on violent acts or violent behavior of an
  593  employee who is on or off duty. The department shall adopt rules
  594  pursuant to ss. 120.536(1) and 120.54 that are necessary to
  595  administer this subsection.
  596         Section 4. This act shall take effect July 1, 2012.