Florida Senate - 2024                             CS for SB 1198
       
       
        
       By the Committee on Commerce and Tourism; and Senator Martin
       
       
       
       
       
       577-02406-24                                          20241198c1
    1                        A bill to be entitled                      
    2         An act relating to corporate actions; creating s.
    3         607.0145, F.S.; defining terms; creating s. 607.0146,
    4         F.S.; providing that a defective corporate action is
    5         not void or voidable in certain circumstances;
    6         providing that ratification or validation under
    7         certain circumstances may not be deemed the exclusive
    8         means of either ratifying or validating defective
    9         corporate actions, and that the absence or failure to
   10         ratify defective corporate actions does not affect the
   11         validity or effectiveness of certain corporate actions
   12         properly ratified; providing for the validity of
   13         putative shares in the event of an overissue; creating
   14         s. 607.0147, F.S.; requiring the board of directors to
   15         take certain action to ratify a defective corporate
   16         action; authorizing those exercising the powers of the
   17         directors to take certain action when certain
   18         defective actions are related to the ratification of
   19         the initial board of directors; requiring members of
   20         the board of directors to seek approval of the
   21         shareholders under certain conditions; authorizing the
   22         board of directors to abandon ratification at any time
   23         before the validation effective time after action by
   24         the board and, if required, approval of the
   25         shareholders; creating s. 607.0148, F.S.; providing
   26         quorum and voting requirements for the ratification of
   27         certain defective corporate actions; requiring the
   28         board to send notice to all identifiable shareholders
   29         of a certain meeting date; requiring that the notice
   30         state that a purpose of the meeting is to consider
   31         ratification of a defective corporate action;
   32         requiring the notice sent to be accompanied with
   33         certain information; specifying the quorum and voting
   34         requirements applicable to ratification of the
   35         election of directors; requiring votes cast within the
   36         voting group favoring ratification of the election of
   37         a director to exceed the votes cast within the voting
   38         group opposing such ratification; prohibiting holders
   39         of putative shares from voting on ratification of any
   40         defective corporate action and providing that they may
   41         not be counted for quorum purposes or in certain
   42         written consent; requiring approval of certain
   43         amendments to the corporation’s articles of
   44         incorporation under certain circumstances; creating s.
   45         607.0149, F.S.; requiring that notice be given to
   46         shareholders of certain corporate action taken by the
   47         board of directors; providing that notice is not
   48         required for holders of certain shares whose
   49         identities or addresses for notice cannot be
   50         determined; providing requirements for such notice;
   51         providing requirements for such notice for
   52         corporations subject to certain federal reporting
   53         requirements; creating s. 607.0150, F.S.; specifying
   54         the effects of ratification; creating s. 607.0151,
   55         F.S.; requiring corporations to file articles of
   56         validation under certain circumstances; providing
   57         applicability; providing requirements for articles of
   58         validation; creating s. 607.0152, F.S.; authorizing
   59         certain persons and entities to file certain motions;
   60         providing for service of process; requiring that
   61         certain actions be filed within a specified timeframe;
   62         authorizing the court to consider certain factors in
   63         resolving certain issues; authorizing the courts to
   64         take certain actions in cases involving defective
   65         corporate actions; amending ss. 605.0115, 607.0503,
   66         and 617.0502, F.S.; providing that a registered agent
   67         may resign from certain limited liability companies or
   68         foreign limited liability companies, certain inactive
   69         or dissolved corporations, and certain active or
   70         inactive corporations, respectively, by delivering a
   71         specified statement of resignation to the Department
   72         of State; providing requirements for the statement;
   73         providing that a registered agent who is resigning
   74         from one or more such corporations, companies, or
   75         partnerships may elect to file a statement of
   76         resignation for each such company, corporation, or
   77         partnership or a composite statement; providing
   78         requirements for composite statements; requiring that
   79         a copy of each of the statements of resignation or the
   80         composite statement be mailed to the address on file
   81         with the department for the company, corporation, or
   82         partnership or companies, corporations, or
   83         partnerships, as applicable; amending ss. 605.0213 and
   84         607.0122, F.S.; conforming provisions to changes made
   85         by the act; providing registered agents may pay one
   86         resignation fee regardless of whether resigning from
   87         one or multiple inactive or dissolved companies or
   88         corporations; reenacting ss. 605.0207 and
   89         605.0113(3)(b), F.S., relating to effective dates and
   90         times and to registered agents, respectively, to
   91         incorporate the amendments made to s. 605.0115, F.S.,
   92         in references thereto; reenacting s. 658.23(1), F.S.,
   93         relating to submission of articles of incorporation,
   94         to incorporate the amendment made to s. 607.0122,
   95         F.S., in a reference thereto; reenacting s.
   96         607.0501(4), F.S., relating to registered offices and
   97         registered agents, to incorporate the amendment made
   98         to s. 607.0503, F.S., in a reference thereto;
   99         reenacting s. 607.193(2)(b), F.S., relating to
  100         supplemental corporate fees, to incorporate the
  101         amendments made to ss. 605.0213 and 607.0122, F.S., in
  102         references thereto; reenacting ss. 39.8298(1)(a),
  103         252.71(2)(a), 288.012(6)(a), 617.1807, and
  104         617.2006(4), F.S., relating to the Guardian Ad Litem
  105         direct-support organization, the Florida Emergency
  106         Management Assistance Foundation, State of Florida
  107         international offices, conversion to corporation not
  108         for profit, and incorporation of labor unions or
  109         bodies, respectively, to incorporate the amendment
  110         made in s. 617.0122, F.S., in references thereto;
  111         reenacting s. 617.0501(3) and 617.0503(1)(a), F.S.,
  112         relating to registered agents, to incorporate the
  113         amendment made to s. 617.0502, F.S., in references
  114         thereto; providing an effective date.
  115          
  116  Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Florida:
  117  
  118         Section 1. Section 607.0145, Florida Statutes, is created
  119  to read:
  120         607.0145Definitions.—As used in ss. 607.0145-607.0152, the
  121  term:
  122         (1) “Corporate action” means any action taken by or on
  123  behalf of a corporation, including any action taken by the
  124  incorporator, the board of directors, a committee of the board
  125  of directors, an officer or agent of the corporation, or the
  126  shareholders.
  127         (2) “Date of the defective corporate action” means the
  128  date, or, if the exact date is unknown, the approximate date, on
  129  which the defective corporate action was purported to have been
  130  taken.
  131         (3) “Defective corporate action” means:
  132         (a) Any corporate action purportedly taken which is, and at
  133  the time such corporate action was purportedly taken would have
  134  been, within the power of the corporation, but is void or
  135  voidable due to a failure of authorization; or
  136         (b) An overissue.
  137         (4) “Failure of authorization” means the failure to
  138  authorize, approve, or otherwise effect a corporate action in
  139  compliance with this chapter, the corporation’s articles of
  140  incorporation or bylaws, a corporate resolution, or any plan or
  141  agreement to which the corporation is a party, if and to the
  142  extent such failure would render such corporate action void or
  143  voidable.
  144         (5) “Overissue” means the purported issuance of:
  145         (a) Shares of a class or series in excess of the number of
  146  shares of the class or series the corporation has the power to
  147  issue under s. 607.0601 at the time of such issuance; or
  148         (b) Shares of any class or series that is not then
  149  authorized for issuance by the corporation’s articles of
  150  incorporation.
  151         (6) “Putative shares” means the shares of any class or
  152  series, including shares issued upon exercise of rights,
  153  options, warrants or other securities convertible into shares of
  154  the corporation, or interests with respect to such shares, that
  155  were created or issued as a result of a defective corporate
  156  action and that:
  157         (a)Would constitute valid shares but for any failure of
  158  authorization; or
  159         (b) Cannot be determined by the board of directors to be
  160  valid shares.
  161         (7)“Valid shares” means the shares of any class or series
  162  that have been duly authorized and validly issued in accordance
  163  with this chapter, including as a result of ratification or
  164  validation under ss. 607.0145-607.0152.
  165         (8)(a) “Validation effective time,” with respect to any
  166  defective corporate action ratified under ss. 607.0145-607.0152,
  167  means the later of the following:
  168         1. The date and time at which the ratification of the
  169  defective corporate action is approved by the shareholders, or
  170  if approval of shareholders is not required, the date and time
  171  at which the notice required by s. 607.0149 becomes effective in
  172  accordance with s. 607.0141;
  173         2. If no articles of validation are required to be filed in
  174  accordance with s. 607.0151, the date and time at which the
  175  notice required by s. 607.0149 becomes effective in accordance
  176  with s. 607.0141; or
  177         3. If articles of validation are required to be filed in
  178  accordance with s. 607.0151, the date and time at which the
  179  articles of validation filed in accordance with s. 607.0151
  180  become effective.
  181         (b) The validation effective time will not be affected by
  182  the filing or pendency of a judicial proceeding under s.
  183  607.0152 or any other law unless otherwise ordered by the court.
  184         Section 2. Section 607.0146, Florida Statutes, is created
  185  to read:
  186         607.0146 Defective corporate actions.—
  187         (1) A defective corporate action is not void or voidable
  188  if:
  189         (a) The defective corporate action was ratified in
  190  accordance with the requirements of s. 607.0147, including the
  191  filing, if required, of articles of validation pursuant to s.
  192  607.0151; or
  193         (b) The defective corporate action was validated in
  194  accordance with s. 607.0152.
  195         (2) Ratification under s. 607.0147 or validation under s.
  196  607.0152 shall not be deemed to be the exclusive means of
  197  ratifying or validating any defective corporate action, and the
  198  absence or failure of ratification in accordance with ss.
  199  607.0145-607.0152 will not, in and of itself, affect the
  200  validity or effectiveness of any corporate action properly
  201  ratified under common law or otherwise, and it does not create a
  202  presumption that any such corporate action is or was a defective
  203  corporate action or is or was void or voidable.
  204         (3) In the case of an overissue, putative shares will be
  205  valid shares effective as of the date originally issued or
  206  purportedly issued upon:
  207         (a) The effectiveness under ss. 607.0145-607.0152 and ss.
  208  607.1001-607.1009 of an amendment to the articles of
  209  incorporation authorizing, designating, or creating such shares;
  210  or
  211         (b) The effectiveness of any other corporate action taken
  212  under ss. 607.0145-607.0152 ratifying the authorization,
  213  designation, or creation of such shares.
  214         Section 3. Section 607.0147, Florida Statutes, is created
  215  to read:
  216         607.0147Ratification of defective corporate actions.—
  217         (1) To ratify a defective corporate action under this
  218  section, other than to ratify an election of the initial board
  219  of directors under subsection (2), the board of directors must
  220  take the action in accordance with s. 607.0148, stating all of
  221  the following:
  222         (a) The defective corporate action to be ratified and, if
  223  the defective corporate action involved the issuance of putative
  224  shares, the number and type of putative shares purportedly
  225  issued.
  226         (b) The date of the defective corporate action.
  227         (c) The nature of the failure of authorization with respect
  228  to the defective corporate action to be ratified.
  229         (d) That the board of directors approves the ratification
  230  of the defective corporate action.
  231         (2) If a defective corporate action to be ratified relates
  232  to the election of the initial board of directors of the
  233  corporation under s. 607.0205(1)(b), a majority of the persons
  234  who, at the time of the ratification, are exercising the powers
  235  of directors must take an action stating all of the following:
  236         (a) The name of the person or persons who first took action
  237  in the name of the corporation as the initial board of directors
  238  of the corporation.
  239         (b) The earlier of the date on which either such persons
  240  first took such action or were purported to have been elected to
  241  the initial board of directors.
  242         (c) That the ratification of the election of such person or
  243  persons as the initial board of directors is approved.
  244         (3) If any provision of this chapter, the corporation’s
  245  articles of incorporation or bylaws, any corporate resolution,
  246  or any plan or agreement in effect at the time action to which
  247  the corporation is a party under subsection (1) is taken
  248  requires shareholder approval, or would have required
  249  shareholder approval, at the date of the occurrence of the
  250  defective corporate action, the ratification of the defective
  251  corporate action approved in the action taken by the directors
  252  under subsection (1) must be submitted to the shareholders for
  253  approval in accordance with s. 607.0148.
  254         (4) Unless otherwise provided in the action taken by the
  255  board of directors under subsection (1), after the action by the
  256  board of directors has been taken and, if required, approved by
  257  the shareholders, the board of directors may abandon the
  258  ratification at any time before the validation effective time
  259  without further action of the shareholders.
  260         Section 4. Section 607.0148, Florida Statutes, is created
  261  to read:
  262         607.0148 Action on ratification.—
  263         (1) The quorum and voting requirements applicable to a
  264  ratifying action by the board of directors under s. 607.0147(1)
  265  are the quorum and voting requirements applicable to the
  266  corporate action proposed to be ratified at the time such
  267  ratifying action is taken.
  268         (2)(a) If the ratification of the defective corporate
  269  action requires approval by the shareholders under s.
  270  607.0147(3), and if the approval is to be given at a meeting,
  271  the corporation must give notice of the meeting to each holder
  272  of valid and putative shares, regardless of whether entitled to
  273  vote, as of the record date for notice of the meeting and as of
  274  the date of the occurrence of the defective corporate action;
  275  however, such notice is not required to be given to holders of
  276  valid or putative shares whose identities or addresses for
  277  notice cannot be determined from the records of the corporation.
  278  The notice must state that the purpose, or one of the purposes,
  279  of the meeting is to consider ratification of a defective
  280  corporate action.
  281         (b) If the ratification of the defective corporate action
  282  requires approval by the shareholders under s. 607.0147(3), and
  283  if the approval is to be ratified by one or more written
  284  consents of the shareholders, the corporation must give notice
  285  of the action taken by such written consent to each holder of
  286  valid and putative shares as of the record date of the action by
  287  written consent and as of the date of the occurrence of the
  288  defective corporate action, regardless of whether entitled to
  289  vote; however, notice is not required to be given to holders of
  290  valid or putative shares whose identities or addresses for
  291  notice cannot be determined from the records of the corporation.
  292  The notice must state that the purpose, or one of the purposes,
  293  of the written consent was to ratify the defective corporate
  294  action.
  295         (c) The notice must be accompanied by both of the
  296  following:
  297         1. Either:
  298         a. A copy of the action taken by the board of directors in
  299  accordance with s. 607.0147(1); or
  300         b. The information required by s. 607.0147(1)(a)-(d).
  301         2. A statement that any claim asserting that the
  302  ratification of such defective corporate action, and any
  303  putative shares issued as a result of such defective corporate
  304  action, should not be effective, or should only be effective on
  305  certain conditions, and must be brought, if at all, within 120
  306  days after the applicable validation effective time.
  307         (3) Except as provided in subsection (4) with respect to
  308  the voting requirements to ratify the election of a director,
  309  any quorum and voting requirements applicable to the approval by
  310  the shareholders required by s. 607.0147(3) will be the quorum
  311  and voting requirements that are applicable, at the time of such
  312  shareholder approval, to the defective corporate action proposed
  313  to be ratified.
  314         (4) The approval by shareholders at a meeting to ratify the
  315  election of a director requires that the votes cast within the
  316  voting group favoring such ratification exceed the votes cast
  317  within the voting group opposing such ratification of the
  318  election at a meeting at which a quorum is present. Approval by
  319  shareholders by written consent to ratify the election of a
  320  director requires that the consents given within the voting
  321  group favoring such ratification represent a majority of the
  322  shares of the voting group.
  323         (5) Putative shares on the record date for determining the
  324  shareholders entitled to vote on any matter submitted to
  325  shareholders under s. 607.0147(3), and without giving effect to
  326  any ratification of putative shares that becomes effective as a
  327  result of such vote, will neither be entitled to vote nor be
  328  counted for quorum purposes in any vote to approve the
  329  ratification of any defective corporate action. Putative shares
  330  on the record date for an action by written consent, and without
  331  giving effect to any ratification of putative shares that
  332  becomes effective as a result of such written consent, will not
  333  be entitled to be counted in any written consent to approve the
  334  ratification of any defective corporate action.
  335         (6) If approval under this section of putative shares would
  336  result in an overissue, in addition to the approval required by
  337  s. 607.0147(3), approval of an amendment to the corporation’s
  338  articles of incorporation under ss. 607.1001–607.1009 to
  339  increase the number of shares of an authorized class or series
  340  or to authorize the creation of a class or series of shares so
  341  there is no overissue will also be required.
  342         Section 5. Section 607.0149, Florida Statutes, is created
  343  to read:
  344         607.0149 Notice requirements.—
  345         (1) Unless shareholder approval is required under s.
  346  607.0147(3), prompt notice of an action taken by the board of
  347  directors under s. 607.0147 must be given to each holder of
  348  valid shares and each holder of putative shares, regardless of
  349  whether entitled to vote, that is a holder of valid shares or
  350  putative shares as of:
  351         (a) The date of the action by the board of directors taken
  352  under s. 607.0147; and
  353         (b) The date of the occurrence of the defective corporate
  354  action being ratified.
  355         (2) Notice is not required to be given to those holders of
  356  valid shares or those holders of putative shares whose
  357  identities or addresses for notice cannot be determined from the
  358  records of the corporation.
  359         (3) The notice must contain both of the following:
  360         (a) Either:
  361         1. A copy of the action taken by the board of directors
  362  pursuant to s. 607.0147(1); or
  363         2. The information required by s. 607.0147(1)(a)-(d) or s.
  364  607.0147(2)(a), (b), and (c), as applicable.
  365         (b) A statement that, in order to be considered, any claim
  366  asserting that the ratification of the defective corporate
  367  action, and any putative shares issued as a result of such
  368  defective corporate action, should not be effective, or should
  369  be effective only on certain conditions, and must be brought, if
  370  at all, within 120 days after the applicable validation
  371  effective time.
  372         (4) Notice under this section is not required with respect
  373  to any action required to be submitted to shareholders for
  374  approval pursuant s. 607.0147(3) if notice is given in
  375  accordance with s. 607.0148(2).
  376         (5) Notice required by this section may be given in any
  377  manner permitted under s. 607.0141 and, for any corporation
  378  subject to the reporting requirements of s. 13 or s. 15(d) of
  379  the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, may be given by means of a
  380  filing or furnishing of such notice with the United States
  381  Securities and Exchange Commission.
  382         Section 6. Section 607.0150, Florida Statutes, is created
  383  to read:
  384         607.0150Effects of ratification.—The following provisions
  385  apply from and after the validation effective time, without
  386  regard to the 120-day period during which a claim may be brought
  387  under s. 607.0152:
  388         (1) Each defective corporate action ratified in accordance
  389  with s. 607.0147 will not be void or voidable as a result of the
  390  failure of authorization set forth and identified in the action
  391  taken under s. 607.0147(1) or (2) and will be deemed a valid
  392  corporate action effective as of the date of the defective
  393  corporate action.
  394         (2) The issuance of each putative share or fraction of a
  395  putative share purportedly issued pursuant to a defective
  396  corporate action identified in the action taken in accordance
  397  with s. 607.0147 will not be void or voidable, and each such
  398  putative share or fraction of a putative share will be deemed to
  399  be an identical share or fraction of a valid share as of the
  400  time it was purportedly issued.
  401         (3) Any corporate action taken subsequent to the defective
  402  corporate action ratified pursuant to ss. 607.0145-607.0152 in
  403  reliance on such defective corporate action having been validly
  404  effected, and any subsequent defective corporate action
  405  resulting directly or indirectly from such original defective
  406  corporate action, will be valid as of the respective time such
  407  corporate action was taken.
  408         Section 7. Section 607.0151, Florida Statutes, is created
  409  to read:
  410         607.0151 Filings.—
  411         (1) If the defective corporate action ratified under ss.
  412  607.0145-607.0152 would have required a filing under this
  413  chapter and either:
  414         (a) Any previous filing requires any change to the filing
  415  to give effect to the defective corporate action in accordance
  416  with this section, including, but not limited to, a change to
  417  the date and time of the effectiveness of such filing; or
  418         (b) A filing was not previously filed in respect to the
  419  defective corporate action,
  420  
  421  In lieu of a filing otherwise required under this chapter, the
  422  corporation must file articles of validation in accordance with
  423  this section, and such articles of validation will serve to
  424  amend or be a substitute for any other filing with respect to
  425  such defective corporate action required by this chapter.
  426         (2) The articles of validation must specify all of the
  427  following:
  428         (a) The defective corporate action that is the subject of
  429  the articles of validation, including, in the case of any
  430  defective corporate action involving the issuance of putative
  431  shares, the number and type of putative shares issued and the
  432  date or dates upon which such putative shares were purported to
  433  have been issued.
  434         (b) The date of the defective corporate action.
  435         (c) The nature of the failure of authorization in respect
  436  of the defective corporate action.
  437         (d) A statement that the defective corporate action was
  438  ratified in accordance with s. 607.0147, including the date on
  439  which the board of directors ratified such defective corporate
  440  action and, if applicable, the date on which the shareholders
  441  approved the ratification of such defective corporate action.
  442         (e)1.If a filing was previously made in respect of the
  443  defective corporate action and such filing requires any change
  444  to give effect to the ratification of such defective corporate
  445  action pursuant to s. 607.0147:
  446         a. The name, title, and filing date of the filing
  447  previously made and any articles of correction for that filing;
  448         b. A statement that a filing containing all of the
  449  information required to be included under the applicable
  450  provisions of this chapter to give effect to such defective
  451  corporate action is attached as an exhibit to the articles of
  452  validation; and
  453         c. The date and time that such filing is deemed to have
  454  become effective.
  455         2.If a filing was not previously made in respect of the
  456  defective corporate action and the defective corporate action
  457  ratified pursuant to s. 607.0147 would have required a filing
  458  under any other provision of this chapter:
  459         a. A statement that a filing containing all of the
  460  information required to be included under the applicable
  461  provisions of this chapter to give effect to such defective
  462  corporate action is attached as an exhibit to the articles of
  463  validation; and
  464         b. The date and time that such filing is deemed to have
  465  become effective.
  466         Section 8. Section 607.0152, Florida Statutes, is created
  467  to read:
  468         607.0152 Judicial proceedings regarding validity of
  469  corporate actions.—
  470         (1) Subject to subsection (4), upon application by the
  471  corporation, any successor entity to the corporation, a director
  472  of the corporation, any shareholder, beneficial shareholder, or
  473  unrestricted voting trust beneficial owner of the corporation,
  474  including any such shareholder, beneficial shareholder, or
  475  unrestricted voting trust beneficial owner as of the date of the
  476  defective corporate action ratified pursuant to s. 607.0147; or
  477  any other person claiming to be substantially and adversely
  478  affected by a ratification in accordance with s. 607.0147, the
  479  circuit court in the applicable county may take any one or more
  480  of the following actions:
  481         (a) Determine the validity and effectiveness of any
  482  corporate action or defective corporate action ratified pursuant
  483  to s. 607.0147.
  484         (b) Determine the validity and effectiveness of any
  485  ratification of any defective corporate action pursuant to s.
  486  607.0147.
  487         (c) Determine the validity and effectiveness of any
  488  defective corporate action not ratified or not ratified
  489  effectively pursuant to s. 607.0147.
  490         (d) Determine the validity of any putative shares.
  491         (e) Modify or waive any of the procedures specified in s.
  492  607.0147 or s. 607.0148 to ratify a defective corporate action.
  493         (2)In connection with an action brought under this
  494  section, the court may make such findings or issue such orders
  495  and take into account any one or more factors or considerations
  496  as it deems proper under the circumstances, including, but not
  497  limited to, any one or more of the factors, considerations,
  498  findings, and orders set forth in subsections (5) and (6).
  499         (3) Service of process of the application under subsection
  500  (1) on the corporation may be made in any manner provided in
  501  chapter 48 for service on a corporation, and no other party need
  502  be joined in order for the court to adjudicate the matter. In an
  503  action filed by the corporation, the court may require that
  504  notice of the action be provided to other persons specified by
  505  the court and permit such other persons to intervene in the
  506  action.
  507         (4) Notwithstanding any other law to the contrary, any
  508  action asserting that the ratification of a defective corporate
  509  action, and any putative shares issued as a result of such
  510  defective corporate action, should not be effective, or should
  511  be effective only on certain conditions, must be brought, if at
  512  all, within 120 days after the validation effective time.
  513         (5) In connection with the resolution of matters under
  514  subsection (2), the court may consider any of the following:
  515         (a) Whether the defective corporate action was originally
  516  approved or effectuated with the belief that the approval or
  517  effectuation was in compliance with the provisions of this
  518  chapter, the articles of incorporation, or the bylaws of the
  519  corporation.
  520         (b) Whether the corporation and board of directors have
  521  treated the defective corporate action as a valid act or
  522  transaction and whether any person has acted in reliance on the
  523  public record that such defective corporate action was valid.
  524         (c) Whether any person will be or was harmed by the
  525  ratification or validation of the defective corporate action,
  526  excluding any harm that would have resulted if the defective
  527  corporate action had been valid when approved or effectuated.
  528         (d) Whether any person will be harmed by the failure to
  529  ratify or validate the defective corporate action.
  530         (e) Whether the defective corporate action was a conflict
  531  of interest transaction.
  532         (f) Any other factors or considerations the court deems
  533  just and equitable.
  534         (6) In connection with an action under this section, the
  535  court may do any one or more of the following:
  536         (a) Declare that a ratification in accordance with and
  537  pursuant to s. 607.0147 is not effective or shall only be
  538  effective at a time or upon conditions established by the court.
  539         (b) Validate and declare effective any defective corporate
  540  action or putative shares and impose conditions upon such
  541  validation.
  542         (c) Require measures to remedy or avoid harm to any person
  543  substantially and adversely affected by a ratification in
  544  accordance with and pursuant to s. 607.0147 or by any order of
  545  the court pursuant to this section, excluding any harm that
  546  would have resulted if the defective corporate action had been
  547  valid when approved or effectuated.
  548         (d) Order the department to accept an instrument for filing
  549  with an effective time specified by the court, which effective
  550  time may be before or after the date and time of such order,
  551  provided that the filing date of such instrument shall be
  552  determined in accordance with s. 607.0123.
  553         (e) Approve a stock ledger for the corporation that
  554  includes any shares ratified or validated in accordance with
  555  this section or s. 607.0147.
  556         (f) Declare that the putative shares are valid shares or
  557  require a corporation to issue and deliver valid shares in place
  558  of any putative shares.
  559         (g) Order that a meeting of holders of valid shares or
  560  putative shares be held and exercise such powers as it deems
  561  appropriate with respect to such a meeting.
  562         (h) Declare that a defective corporate action validated by
  563  the court shall be effective as of the date and time of the
  564  defective corporate action or at such other date and time as
  565  determined by the court.
  566         (i) Declare that putative shares validated by the court
  567  shall be deemed to be identical valid shares or fractions of
  568  valid shares as of the date and time originally issued or
  569  purportedly issued or at such other date and time as determined
  570  by the court.
  571         (j) Require payment by the corporation of reasonable
  572  expenses, including attorney fees and costs, that the court
  573  finds just and equitable under the circumstances.
  574         (k) Issue other orders as it deems necessary and proper
  575  under the circumstances.
  576         Section 9. Subsection (2) of section 605.115, Florida
  577  Statutes, is amended, and subsection (6) is added to that
  578  section, to read:
  579         605.0115 Resignation of registered agent.—
  580         (2) After delivering the statement of resignation to the
  581  department for filing, the registered agent must promptly mail a
  582  copy to the limited liability company’s or foreign limited
  583  liability company’s current mailing address; provided however,
  584  that if a composite statement of resignation is being filed
  585  pursuant to subsection (6), the registered agent must promptly
  586  mail a copy of either the composite statement of resignation or
  587  a separate notice of resignation for each respective limited
  588  liability company, in each case using the respective mailing
  589  address of the respective limited liability company that then
  590  appears in the records of the department.
  591         (6)(a) If a registered agent is resigning as registered
  592  agent from more than one limited liability company that each has
  593  been dissolved, either voluntarily, administratively, or by
  594  court action, for a continuous period of 10 years or longer, the
  595  registered agent may elect to file the statement of resignation
  596  separately for each such limited liability company or may elect
  597  to file a single composite statement of resignation covering two
  598  or more limited liability companies. Any such composite
  599  statement of resignation must set forth, for each such limited
  600  liability company covered by the statement of resignation, the
  601  name of the respective limited liability and the date
  602  dissolution became effective for the respective limited
  603  liability company.
  604         (b)This subsection is applicable only to resignations from
  605  limited liability companies as defined in this chapter.
  606         Section 10. Subsection (2) of section 607.0503, Florida
  607  Statutes, is amended, and subsection (6) is added to that
  608  section, to read:
  609         607.0503 Resignation of registered agent.—
  610         (2) After delivering the statement of resignation to the
  611  department for filing, the registered agent must promptly mail a
  612  copy to the corporation at its current mailing address; provided
  613  however that if a composite statement of resignation is being
  614  filed pursuant to subsection (6), the registered agent must
  615  promptly mail a copy of either the composite statement of
  616  resignation or a separate notice of resignation for each
  617  respective corporation, in each case using the respective
  618  mailing address of the respective corporation that then appears
  619  in the records of the department.
  620         (6)(a) If a registered agent is resigning as registered
  621  agent from more than one corporation that each has been
  622  dissolved, either voluntarily, administratively, or by court
  623  action, for a continuous period of 10 years or longer, the
  624  registered agent may elect to file the statement of resignation
  625  separately for each such corporation or may elect to file a
  626  single composite statement of resignation covering two or more
  627  corporations. Any such composite statement of resignation must
  628  set forth, for each such corporation covered by the statement of
  629  resignation, the name of the respective corporation and the date
  630  that dissolution became effective for the respective
  631  corporation.
  632         (b) This subsection is applicable only to resignations by
  633  registered agents from domestic corporations.
  634         Section 11. Subsection (2) of section 617.0502, Florida
  635  Statutes, is amended to read:
  636         617.0502 Change of registered office or registered agent;
  637  resignation of registered agent.—
  638         (2)(a) Any registered agent may resign his or her agency
  639  appointment by signing and delivering for filing with the
  640  Department of State a statement of resignation and mailing a
  641  copy of such statement to the corporation at its mailing address
  642  of the respective corporation that then appears in the records
  643  of the department; provided however that if a composite
  644  statement of resignation is being filed pursuant to paragraph
  645  (b), the registered agent must promptly mail a copy of either
  646  the composite statement of resignation or a separate notice of
  647  resignation for each respective corporation, in each case using
  648  the respective mailing address of the respective corporation
  649  that then appears in the records of the department principal
  650  office address shown in its most recent annual report or, if
  651  none, filed in the articles of incorporation or other most
  652  recently filed document. The statement of resignation shall
  653  state that a copy of such statement of resignation or, if
  654  applicable, notice of resignation, has been mailed to the
  655  corporation at the address so stated. The agency is terminated
  656  as of the 31st day after the date on which the statement was
  657  filed and unless otherwise provided in the statement,
  658  termination of the agency acts as a termination of the
  659  registered office.
  660         (b) If a registered agent is resigning as registered agent
  661  from one or more corporations that each have been dissolved,
  662  either voluntarily, administratively, or by court action, for a
  663  continuous period of 10 years or longer, the registered agent
  664  may elect to file the statement of resignation separately for
  665  each such corporation or may elect to file a single composite
  666  statement of resignation covering two or more corporations. Any
  667  such composite statement of resignation must set forth, for each
  668  such corporation covered by the statement of resignation, the
  669  name of the respective corporation and the date that dissolution
  670  became effective for the respective corporation. This subsection
  671  is applicable only to resignations by registered agents from
  672  domestic corporations.
  673         Section 12. Subsections (8) and (9) of section 605.0213,
  674  Florida Statutes, are amended to read:
  675         605.0213 Fees of the department.—The fees of the department
  676  under this chapter are as follows:
  677         (8) For filing a registered agent’s statement of
  678  resignation from a an active limited liability company that has
  679  not been dissolved, $85.
  680         (9) For filing a registered agent’s statement of
  681  resignation from a dissolved limited liability company or a
  682  composite statement of resignation from two or more dissolved
  683  limited liability companies pursuant to s. 605.0115(6), $25.
  684         Section 13. Subsections (6) and (7) of section 607.0122,
  685  Florida Statutes, are amended to read:
  686         607.0122 Fees for filing documents and issuing
  687  certificates.—The department shall collect the following fees
  688  when the documents described in this section are delivered to
  689  the department for filing:
  690         (6) Agent’s statement of resignation from a active
  691  corporation that has not been dissolved: $87.50.
  692         (7) Agent’s statement of resignation from a an inactive
  693  dissolved corporation or a composite statement of resignation
  694  from two or more dissolved corporations pursuant to s.
  695  607.0502(6): $35.
  696         Section 14. Subsections (6) and (7) of section 617.0122,
  697  Florida Statutes, are amended to read:
  698         617.0122 Fees for filing documents and issuing
  699  certificates.—The Department of State shall collect the
  700  following fees on documents delivered to the department for
  701  filing:
  702         (6) Agent’s statement of resignation from a active
  703  corporation that has not been dissolved: $87.50.
  704         (7) Agent’s statement of resignation from a inactive
  705  dissolved corporation or a composite statement of resignation
  706  from two or more dissolved corporations pursuant to s.
  707  617.0502(2)(b): $35.
  708  
  709  Any citizen support organization that is required by rule of the
  710  Department of Environmental Protection to be formed as a
  711  nonprofit organization and is under contract with the department
  712  is exempt from any fees required for incorporation as a
  713  nonprofit organization, and the Secretary of State may not
  714  assess any such fees if the citizen support organization is
  715  certified by the Department of Environmental Protection to the
  716  Secretary of State as being under contract with the Department
  717  of Environmental Protection.
  718         Section 15. For the purpose of incorporating the amendments
  719  made by this act to section 605.0115, Florida Statutes, in a
  720  reference thereto, section 605.0207, Florida Statutes, is
  721  reenacted to read:
  722         605.0207 Effective date and time.—Except as otherwise
  723  provided in s. 605.0208, and subject to s. 605.0209(3), any
  724  document delivered to the department for filing under this
  725  chapter may specify an effective time and a delayed effective
  726  date. In the case of initial articles of organization, a prior
  727  effective date may be specified in the articles of organization
  728  if such date is within 5 business days before the date of
  729  filing. Subject to ss. 605.0114, 605.0115, 605.0208, and
  730  605.0209, a record filed by the department is effective:
  731         (1) If the record filed does not specify an effective time
  732  and does not specify a prior or a delayed effective date, on the
  733  date and at the time the record is accepted as evidenced by the
  734  department’s endorsement of the date and time on the filing.
  735         (2) If the record filed specifies an effective time, but
  736  not a prior or delayed effective date, on the date the record is
  737  accepted, as evidenced by the department’s endorsement, and at
  738  the time specified in the filing.
  739         (3) If the record filed specifies a delayed effective date,
  740  but not an effective time, at 12:01 a.m. on the earlier of:
  741         (a) The specified date; or
  742         (b) The 90th day after the record is filed.
  743         (4) If the record filed specifies a delayed effective date
  744  and an effective time, at the specified time on or the earlier
  745  of:
  746         (a) The specified date; or
  747         (b) The 90th day after the record is filed.
  748         (5) If the record filed is the initial articles of
  749  organization and specifies an effective date before the date of
  750  the filing, but no effective time, at 12:01 a.m. on the later
  751  of:
  752         (a) The specified date; or
  753         (b) The 5th business day before the record is filed.
  754         (6) If the record filed is the initial articles of
  755  organization and specifies an effective time and an effective
  756  date before the date of the filing, at the specified time on the
  757  later of:
  758         (a) The specified date; or
  759         (b) The 5th business day before the record is filed.
  760         (7) If the record filed does not specify the time zone or
  761  place at which the date or time, or both, is to be determined,
  762  the date or time, or both, at which it becomes effective shall
  763  be those prevailing at the place of filing in this state.
  764         Section 16. For the purpose of incorporating the amendments
  765  made by this act to section 605.0115, Florida Statutes, in a
  766  reference thereto, paragraph (b) of subsection (3) of section
  767  605.0113, Florida Statutes, is reenacted to read:
  768         605.0113 Registered agent.—
  769         (3) The duties of a registered agent are as follows:
  770         (b) If the registered agent resigns, to provide the notice
  771  required under s. 605.0115(2) to the company or foreign limited
  772  liability company at the address most recently supplied to the
  773  agent by the company or foreign limited liability company.
  774         Section 17. For the purpose of incorporating the amendment
  775  made by this act to section 607.0122, Florida Statutes, in a
  776  reference thereto, subsection (1) of section 658.23, Florida
  777  Statutes, is reenacted to read:
  778         658.23 Submission of articles of incorporation; contents;
  779  form; approval; filing; commencement of corporate existence;
  780  bylaws.—
  781         (1) Within 3 months after approval by the office and the
  782  appropriate federal regulatory agency, the applicant shall
  783  submit its duly executed articles of incorporation to the
  784  office, together with the filing fee due the Department of State
  785  under s. 607.0122.
  786         Section 18. For the purpose of incorporating the amendment
  787  made by this act to section 607.0503, Florida Statutes, in a
  788  reference thereto, subsection (4) of section 607.0501, Florida
  789  Statutes, is reenacted to read:
  790         607.0501 Registered office and registered agent.—
  791         (4) The duties of a registered agent are:
  792         (a) To forward to the corporation at the address most
  793  recently supplied to the registered agent by the corporation, a
  794  process, notice, or demand pertaining to the corporation which
  795  is served on or received by the registered agent; and
  796         (b) If the registered agent resigns, to provide the notice
  797  required under s. 607.0503 to the corporation at the address
  798  most recently supplied to the registered agent by the
  799  corporation.
  800         Section 19. For the purpose of incorporating the amendments
  801  made by this act to sections 605.0213 and 607.0122, Florida
  802  Statutes, in references thereto, paragraph (b) of subsection (2)
  803  of section 607.193, Florida Statutes, is reenacted to read:
  804         607.193 Supplemental corporate fee.—
  805         (2)
  806         (b) In addition to the fees levied under ss. 605.0213,
  807  607.0122, and 620.1109 and the supplemental corporate fee, a
  808  late charge of $400 shall be imposed if the supplemental
  809  corporate fee is remitted after May 1 except in circumstances in
  810  which a business entity was administratively dissolved or its
  811  certificate of authority was revoked due to its failure to file
  812  an annual report and the entity subsequently applied for
  813  reinstatement and paid the applicable reinstatement fee.
  814         Section 20. For the purpose of incorporating the amendment
  815  made by this act to section 617.0122, Florida Statutes, in a
  816  reference thereto, paragraph (a) of subsection (1) of section
  817  39.8298, Florida Statutes, is reenacted to read:
  818         39.8298 Guardian Ad Litem direct-support organization.—
  819         (1) AUTHORITY.—The Statewide Guardian Ad Litem Office
  820  created under s. 39.8296 is authorized to create a direct
  821  support organization.
  822         (a) The direct-support organization must be a Florida
  823  corporation not for profit, incorporated under the provisions of
  824  chapter 617. The direct-support organization shall be exempt
  825  from paying fees under s. 617.0122.
  826         Section 21. For the purpose of incorporating the amendment
  827  made by this act to section 617.0122, Florida Statutes, in a
  828  reference thereto, paragraph (a) of subsection (2) of section
  829  252.71, Florida Statutes, is reenacted to read:
  830         252.71 Florida Emergency Management Assistance Foundation.—
  831         (2) The foundation is hereby created as a direct-support
  832  organization of the division to provide assistance, funding, and
  833  support to the division in its disaster response, recovery, and
  834  relief efforts for natural emergencies.
  835         (a) The foundation must be an organization that is a
  836  Florida nonprofit corporation incorporated under chapter 617,
  837  approved by the Department of State, and recognized under s.
  838  501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code. The foundation is exempt
  839  from paying fees under s. 617.0122.
  840         Section 22. For the purpose of incorporating the amendment
  841  made by this act to section 617.0122, Florida Statutes, in a
  842  reference thereto, paragraph (a) of subsection (6) of section
  843  288.012, Florida Statutes, is reenacted to read:
  844         288.012 State of Florida international offices; direct
  845  support organization.—The Legislature finds that the expansion
  846  of international trade and tourism is vital to the overall
  847  health and growth of the economy of this state. This expansion
  848  is hampered by the lack of technical and business assistance,
  849  financial assistance, and information services for businesses in
  850  this state. The Legislature finds that these businesses could be
  851  assisted by providing these services at State of Florida
  852  international offices. The Legislature further finds that the
  853  accessibility and provision of services at these offices can be
  854  enhanced through cooperative agreements or strategic alliances
  855  between private businesses and state, local, and international
  856  governmental entities.
  857         (6)(a) The department shall establish and contract with a
  858  direct-support organization, organized as a nonprofit under
  859  chapter 617 and recognized under s. 501(c)(3) of the Internal
  860  Revenue Code, to carry out the provisions of this section;
  861  assist with the coordination of international trade development
  862  efforts; and assist in development and planning related to
  863  foreign investment, international partnerships, and other
  864  international business and trade development. The organization
  865  is exempt from paying fees under s. 617.0122.
  866         Section 23. For the purpose of incorporating the amendment
  867  made by this act to section 617.0122, Florida Statutes, in a
  868  reference thereto, section 617.1807, Florida Statutes, is
  869  reenacted to read:
  870         617.1807 Conversion to corporation not for profit;
  871  authority of circuit judge.—If the circuit judge to whom the
  872  petition and proposed articles of incorporation are presented
  873  finds that the petition and proposed articles are in proper
  874  form, he or she shall approve the articles of incorporation and
  875  endorse his or her approval thereon; such approval shall provide
  876  that all of the property of the petitioning corporation shall
  877  become the property of the successor corporation not for profit,
  878  subject to all indebtedness and liabilities of the petitioning
  879  corporation. The articles of incorporation with such
  880  endorsements thereupon shall be sent to the Department of State,
  881  which shall, upon receipt thereof and upon payment of all taxes
  882  due the state by the petitioning corporation, if any, issue a
  883  certificate showing the receipt of the articles of incorporation
  884  with the endorsement of approval thereon and of the payment of
  885  all taxes to the state. Upon payment of the filing fees
  886  specified in s. 617.0122, the Department of State shall file the
  887  articles of incorporation, and from thenceforth the petitioning
  888  corporation shall become a corporation not for profit under the
  889  name adopted in the articles of incorporation and subject to all
  890  the rights, powers, immunities, duties, and liabilities of
  891  corporations not for profit under state law, and its rights,
  892  powers, immunities, duties, and liabilities as a corporation for
  893  profit shall cease and determine.
  894         Section 24. For the purpose of incorporating the amendment
  895  made by this act to section 617.0122, Florida Statutes, in a
  896  reference thereto, subsection (4) of section 617.2006, Florida
  897  Statutes, is reenacted to read:
  898         617.2006 Incorporation of labor unions or bodies.—Any group
  899  or combination of groups of workers or wage earners, bearing the
  900  name labor, organized labor, federation of labor, brotherhood of
  901  labor, union labor, union labor committee, trade union, trades
  902  union, union labor council, building trades council, building
  903  trades union, allied trades union, central labor body, central
  904  labor union, federated trades council, local union, state union,
  905  national union, international union, district labor council,
  906  district labor union, American Federation of Labor, Florida
  907  Federation of Labor, or any component parts or significant words
  908  of such terms, whether the same be used in juxtaposition or with
  909  interspace, may be incorporated under this act.
  910         (4) Upon the filing of the articles of incorporation and
  911  the petition, and the giving of such notice, the circuit judge
  912  to whom such petition may be addressed shall, upon the date
  913  stated in such notice, take testimony and inquire into the
  914  admissions and purposes of such organization and the necessity
  915  therefor, and upon such hearing, if the circuit judge shall be
  916  satisfied that the allegations set forth in the petition and
  917  articles of incorporation have been substantiated, and shall
  918  find that such organization will not be harmful to the community
  919  in which it proposes to operate, or to the state, and that it is
  920  intended in good faith to carry out the purposes and objects set
  921  forth in the articles of incorporation, and that there is a
  922  necessity therefor, the judge shall approve the articles of
  923  incorporation and endorse his or her approval thereon. Upon the
  924  filing of the articles of incorporation with its endorsements
  925  thereupon with the Department of State and payment of the filing
  926  fees specified in s. 617.0122, the subscribers and their
  927  associates and successors shall be a corporation by the name
  928  given.
  929         Section 25. For the purpose of incorporating the amendment
  930  made by this act to section 617.0502, Florida Statutes, in a
  931  reference thereto, subsection (3) of section 617.0501, Florida
  932  Statutes, is reenacted to read:
  933         617.0501 Registered office and registered agent.—
  934         (3) A registered agent appointed pursuant to this section
  935  or a successor registered agent appointed pursuant to s.
  936  617.0502 on whom process may be served shall each file a
  937  statement in writing with the Department of State, in such form
  938  and manner as shall be prescribed by the department, accepting
  939  the appointment as a registered agent simultaneously with his or
  940  her being designated. Such statement of acceptance shall state
  941  that the registered agent is familiar with, and accepts, the
  942  obligations of that position.
  943         Section 26. For the purpose of incorporating the amendment
  944  made by this act to section 617.0502, Florida Statutes, in a
  945  reference thereto, paragraph (a) of subsection (1) of section
  946  617.0503, Florida Statutes, is reenacted to read:
  947         617.0503 Registered agent; duties; confidentiality of
  948  investigation records.—
  949         (1)(a) Each corporation, foreign corporation, or alien
  950  business organization that owns real property located in this
  951  state, that owns a mortgage on real property located in this
  952  state, or that transacts business in this state shall have and
  953  continuously maintain in this state a registered office and a
  954  registered agent and shall file with the Department of State
  955  notice of the registered office and registered agent as provided
  956  in ss. 617.0501 and 617.0502. The appointment of a registered
  957  agent in compliance with s. 617.0501 or s. 617.0502 is
  958  sufficient for purposes of this section if the registered agent
  959  so appointed files, in the form and manner prescribed by the
  960  Department of State, an acceptance of the obligations provided
  961  for in this section.
  962         Section 27. This act shall take effect July 1, 2024.