Florida Senate - 2025                                    SB 1478
       
       
        
       By Senator Rodriguez
       
       
       
       
       
       40-01148A-25                                          20251478__
    1                        A bill to be entitled                      
    2         An act relating to patient referrals by Medicaid
    3         managed care organizations and managed care plans;
    4         amending s. 409.913, F.S.; authorizing the Agency for
    5         Health Care Administration to conduct or cause to be
    6         conducted reviews, investigations, analyses, audits,
    7         and combinations thereof to determine if managed care
    8         organizations, managed care plans, and their
    9         subcontractors violate the Medicaid program integrity
   10         in their patient referrals; providing penalties;
   11         amending s. 409.967, F.S.; prohibiting managed care
   12         organizations, managed care plans, and their
   13         subcontractors from violating the Medicaid program
   14         integrity by referring Medicaid recipients for
   15         treatments and services to entities having certain
   16         financial relationships and arrangements with the
   17         organizations, plans, and their subcontractors;
   18         providing an effective date.
   19          
   20  Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Florida:
   21  
   22         Section 1. Subsections (2) and (16) of section 409.913,
   23  Florida Statutes, are amended to read:
   24         409.913 Oversight of the integrity of the Medicaid
   25  program.—The agency shall operate a program to oversee the
   26  activities of Florida Medicaid recipients, and providers and
   27  their representatives, to ensure that fraudulent and abusive
   28  behavior and neglect of recipients occur to the minimum extent
   29  possible, and to recover overpayments and impose sanctions as
   30  appropriate. Each January 15, the agency and the Medicaid Fraud
   31  Control Unit of the Department of Legal Affairs shall submit a
   32  report to the Legislature documenting the effectiveness of the
   33  state’s efforts to control Medicaid fraud and abuse and to
   34  recover Medicaid overpayments during the previous fiscal year.
   35  The report must describe the number of cases opened and
   36  investigated each year; the sources of the cases opened; the
   37  disposition of the cases closed each year; the amount of
   38  overpayments alleged in preliminary and final audit letters; the
   39  number and amount of fines or penalties imposed; any reductions
   40  in overpayment amounts negotiated in settlement agreements or by
   41  other means; the amount of final agency determinations of
   42  overpayments; the amount deducted from federal claiming as a
   43  result of overpayments; the amount of overpayments recovered
   44  each year; the amount of cost of investigation recovered each
   45  year; the average length of time to collect from the time the
   46  case was opened until the overpayment is paid in full; the
   47  amount determined as uncollectible and the portion of the
   48  uncollectible amount subsequently reclaimed from the Federal
   49  Government; the number of providers, by type, that are
   50  terminated from participation in the Medicaid program as a
   51  result of fraud and abuse; and all costs associated with
   52  discovering and prosecuting cases of Medicaid overpayments and
   53  making recoveries in such cases. The report must also document
   54  actions taken to prevent overpayments and the number of
   55  providers prevented from enrolling in or reenrolling in the
   56  Medicaid program as a result of documented Medicaid fraud and
   57  abuse and must include policy recommendations necessary to
   58  prevent or recover overpayments and changes necessary to prevent
   59  and detect Medicaid fraud. All policy recommendations in the
   60  report must include a detailed fiscal analysis, including, but
   61  not limited to, implementation costs, estimated savings to the
   62  Medicaid program, and the return on investment. The agency must
   63  submit the policy recommendations and fiscal analyses in the
   64  report to the appropriate estimating conference, pursuant to s.
   65  216.137, by February 15 of each year. The agency and the
   66  Medicaid Fraud Control Unit of the Department of Legal Affairs
   67  each must include detailed unit-specific performance standards,
   68  benchmarks, and metrics in the report, including projected cost
   69  savings to the state Medicaid program during the following
   70  fiscal year.
   71         (2)(a) The agency shall conduct, or cause to be conducted
   72  by contract or otherwise, reviews, investigations, analyses,
   73  audits, or any combination thereof, to determine possible fraud,
   74  abuse, overpayment, or recipient neglect in the Medicaid program
   75  and shall report the findings of any overpayments in audit
   76  reports as appropriate. At least 5 percent of all audits shall
   77  be conducted on a random basis. As part of its ongoing fraud
   78  detection activities, the agency shall identify and monitor, by
   79  contract or otherwise, patterns of overutilization of Medicaid
   80  services based on state averages. The agency shall track
   81  Medicaid provider prescription and billing patterns and evaluate
   82  them against Medicaid medical necessity criteria and coverage
   83  and limitation guidelines adopted by rule. Medical necessity
   84  determination requires that service be consistent with symptoms
   85  or confirmed diagnosis of illness or injury under treatment and
   86  not in excess of the patient’s needs. The agency shall conduct
   87  reviews of provider exceptions to peer group norms and shall,
   88  using statistical methodologies, provider profiling, and
   89  analysis of billing patterns, detect and investigate abnormal or
   90  unusual increases in billing or payment of claims for Medicaid
   91  services and medically unnecessary provision of services.
   92         (b)The agency may conduct, or cause to be conducted by
   93  contract or otherwise, reviews, investigations, analyses,
   94  audits, or any combination thereof, to determine if a managed
   95  care organization or managed care plan or its subcontractor has
   96  violated the program integrity under s. 409.967(2)(g)2. by
   97  referring a Medicaid recipient for a covered treatment or
   98  service rendered by or in the office of a provider, another
   99  subcontractor, or a third-party entity that is owned or
  100  partially owned by the managed care organization or managed care
  101  plan or the subcontractor, or that has a profit-sharing
  102  arrangement with the managed care organization or managed care
  103  plan or the subcontractor.
  104         (16) The agency shall impose any of the following sanctions
  105  or disincentives on a provider or a person for any of the acts
  106  described in paragraph (2)(b) or subsection (15):
  107         (a) Suspension for a specific period of time of not more
  108  than 1 year. Suspension precludes participation in the Medicaid
  109  program, which includes any action that results in a claim for
  110  payment to the Medicaid program for furnishing, supervising a
  111  person who is furnishing, or causing a person to furnish goods
  112  or services.
  113         (b) Termination for a specific period of time ranging from
  114  more than 1 year to 20 years. Termination precludes
  115  participation in the Medicaid program, which includes any action
  116  that results in a claim for payment to the Medicaid program for
  117  furnishing, supervising a person who is furnishing, or causing a
  118  person to furnish goods or services.
  119         (c) Imposition of a fine of up to $5,000 for each
  120  violation. Each day that an ongoing violation continues, such as
  121  refusing to furnish Medicaid-related records or refusing access
  122  to records, is considered a separate violation. Each instance of
  123  improper billing of a Medicaid recipient; each instance of
  124  including an unallowable cost on a hospital or nursing home
  125  Medicaid cost report after the provider or authorized
  126  representative has been advised in an audit exit conference or
  127  previous audit report of the cost unallowability; each instance
  128  of furnishing a Medicaid recipient goods or professional
  129  services that are inappropriate or of inferior quality as
  130  determined by competent peer judgment; each instance of
  131  knowingly submitting a materially false or erroneous Medicaid
  132  provider enrollment application, request for prior authorization
  133  for Medicaid services, drug exception request, or cost report;
  134  each instance of inappropriate prescribing of drugs for a
  135  Medicaid recipient as determined by competent peer judgment; and
  136  each false or erroneous Medicaid claim leading to an overpayment
  137  to a provider is considered a separate violation.
  138         (d) Immediate suspension, if the agency has received
  139  information of patient abuse or neglect or of any act prohibited
  140  by s. 409.920. Upon suspension, the agency must issue an
  141  immediate final order under s. 120.569(2)(n).
  142         (e) A fine, not to exceed $10,000, for a violation of
  143  paragraph (15)(i).
  144         (f) Imposition of liens against provider assets, including,
  145  but not limited to, financial assets and real property, not to
  146  exceed the amount of fines or recoveries sought, upon entry of
  147  an order determining that such moneys are due or recoverable.
  148         (g) Prepayment reviews of claims for a specified period of
  149  time.
  150         (h) Comprehensive followup reviews of providers every 6
  151  months to ensure that they are billing Medicaid correctly.
  152         (i) Corrective action plans that remain in effect for up to
  153  3 years and that are monitored by the agency every 6 months
  154  while in effect.
  155         (j) Other remedies as permitted by law to effect the
  156  recovery of a fine or overpayment.
  157  
  158  If a provider voluntarily relinquishes its Medicaid provider
  159  number or an associated license, or allows the associated
  160  licensure to expire after receiving written notice that the
  161  agency is conducting, or has conducted, an audit, survey,
  162  inspection, or investigation and that a sanction of suspension
  163  or termination will or would be imposed for noncompliance
  164  discovered as a result of the audit, survey, inspection, or
  165  investigation, the agency shall impose the sanction of
  166  termination for cause against the provider. The agency’s
  167  termination with cause is subject to hearing rights as may be
  168  provided under chapter 120. The Secretary of Health Care
  169  Administration may make a determination that imposition of a
  170  sanction or disincentive is not in the best interest of the
  171  Medicaid program, in which case a sanction or disincentive may
  172  not be imposed.
  173         Section 2. Paragraph (g) of subsection (2) of section
  174  409.967, Florida Statutes, is amended to read:
  175         409.967 Managed care plan accountability.—
  176         (2) The agency shall establish such contract requirements
  177  as are necessary for the operation of the statewide managed care
  178  program. In addition to any other provisions the agency may deem
  179  necessary, the contract must require:
  180         (g) Program integrity.—
  181         1. Each managed care plan shall establish program integrity
  182  functions and activities to reduce the incidence of fraud and
  183  abuse, including, at a minimum:
  184         a.1. A provider credentialing system and ongoing provider
  185  monitoring, including maintenance of written provider
  186  credentialing policies and procedures which comply with federal
  187  and agency guidelines;
  188         b.2. An effective prepayment and postpayment review process
  189  including, but not limited to, data analysis, system editing,
  190  and auditing of network providers;
  191         c.3. Procedures for reporting instances of fraud and abuse
  192  pursuant to chapter 641;
  193         d.4. Administrative and management arrangements or
  194  procedures, including a mandatory compliance plan, designed to
  195  prevent fraud and abuse; and
  196         e.5. Designation of a program integrity compliance officer.
  197         2.Each managed care organization or managed care plan or
  198  its subcontractor may not refer a Medicaid recipient for a
  199  covered treatment or service rendered by or in the office of a
  200  provider, another subcontractor, or a third-party entity if the
  201  managed care organization or managed care plan or its
  202  subcontractor has any ownership or profit-sharing arrangement
  203  with the provider, the other subcontractor, or the third-party
  204  entity.
  205         Section 3. This act shall take effect July 1, 2025.