Florida Senate - 2025                        COMMITTEE AMENDMENT
       Bill No. SJR 1510
       
       
       
       
       
       
                                Ì311512iÎ311512                         
       
                              LEGISLATIVE ACTION                        
                    Senate             .             House              
                  Comm: RCS            .                                
                  04/15/2025           .                                
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       The Committee on Finance and Tax (Avila) recommended the
       following:
       
    1         Senate Amendment (with title amendment)
    2  
    3         Delete everything after the resolving clause
    4  and insert:
    5         That the following amendments to Section 3 and 4 of Article
    6  VII and the creation of a new section in Article XII of the
    7  State Constitution are agreed to and shall be submitted to the
    8  electors of this state for approval or rejection at the next
    9  general election or at an earlier special election specifically
   10  authorized by law for that purpose:
   11                             ARTICLE VII                           
   12                        FINANCE AND TAXATION                       
   13         SECTION 3. Taxes; exemptions.—
   14         (a) All property owned by a municipality and used
   15  exclusively by it for municipal or public purposes shall be
   16  exempt from taxation. A municipality, owning property outside
   17  the municipality, may be required by general law to make payment
   18  to the taxing unit in which the property is located. Such
   19  portions of property as are used predominantly for educational,
   20  literary, scientific, religious or charitable purposes may be
   21  exempted by general law from taxation.
   22         (b) There shall be exempt from taxation, cumulatively, to
   23  every head of a family residing in this state, household goods
   24  and personal effects to the value fixed by general law, not less
   25  than one thousand dollars, and to every widow or widower or
   26  person who is blind or totally and permanently disabled,
   27  property to the value fixed by general law not less than five
   28  hundred dollars.
   29         (c) Any county or municipality may, for the purpose of its
   30  respective tax levy and subject to the provisions of this
   31  subsection and general law, grant community and economic
   32  development ad valorem tax exemptions to new businesses and
   33  expansions of existing businesses, as defined by general law.
   34  Such an exemption may be granted only by ordinance of the county
   35  or municipality, and only after the electors of the county or
   36  municipality voting on such question in a referendum authorize
   37  the county or municipality to adopt such ordinances. An
   38  exemption so granted shall apply to improvements to real
   39  property made by or for the use of a new business and
   40  improvements to real property related to the expansion of an
   41  existing business and shall also apply to tangible personal
   42  property of such new business and tangible personal property
   43  related to the expansion of an existing business. The amount or
   44  limits of the amount of such exemption shall be specified by
   45  general law. The period of time for which such exemption may be
   46  granted to a new business or expansion of an existing business
   47  shall be determined by general law. The authority to grant such
   48  exemption shall expire ten years from the date of approval by
   49  the electors of the county or municipality, and may be renewable
   50  by referendum as provided by general law.
   51         (d) Any county or municipality may, for the purpose of its
   52  respective tax levy and subject to the provisions of this
   53  subsection and general law, grant historic preservation ad
   54  valorem tax exemptions to owners of historic properties. This
   55  exemption may be granted only by ordinance of the county or
   56  municipality. The amount or limits of the amount of this
   57  exemption and the requirements for eligible properties must be
   58  specified by general law. The period of time for which this
   59  exemption may be granted to a property owner shall be determined
   60  by general law.
   61         (e) By general law and subject to conditions specified
   62  therein:
   63         (1) Twenty-five thousand dollars of the assessed value of
   64  property subject to tangible personal property tax shall be
   65  exempt from ad valorem taxation.
   66         (2) The assessed value of solar devices or renewable energy
   67  source devices subject to tangible personal property tax may be
   68  exempt from ad valorem taxation, subject to limitations provided
   69  by general law.
   70         (f) There shall be granted an ad valorem tax exemption for
   71  real property dedicated in perpetuity for conservation purposes,
   72  including real property encumbered by perpetual conservation
   73  easements or by other perpetual conservation protections, as
   74  defined by general law.
   75         (g) By general law and subject to the conditions specified
   76  therein, each person who receives a homestead exemption as
   77  provided in Section 6 of this Article; who was a member of the
   78  United States military or military reserves, the United States
   79  Coast Guard or its reserves, or the Florida National Guard; and
   80  who was deployed during the preceding calendar year on active
   81  duty outside the continental United States, Alaska, or Hawaii in
   82  support of military operations designated by the legislature
   83  shall receive an additional exemption equal to a percentage of
   84  the taxable value of his or her homestead property. The
   85  applicable percentage shall be calculated as the number of days
   86  during the preceding calendar year the person was deployed on
   87  active duty outside the continental United States, Alaska, or
   88  Hawaii in support of military operations designated by the
   89  legislature divided by the number of days in that year.
   90         (h)By general law and subject to conditions and provisions
   91  specified therein, the legislature may provide that every person
   92  who holds the legal or equitable title to real estate that is
   93  currently receiving the benefits available for homestead
   94  properties under subsection (a) of Section 6 of this Article,
   95  and holds the legal or equitable title to a separate parcel of
   96  real estate and maintains thereon the residence of a lessee
   97  under a single written lease of six months or more, if such
   98  lease is in effect on January 1 of the taxable year, and if such
   99  parcel could qualify for the benefits afforded homestead
  100  properties under subsection (a) of Section 6 of this Article, if
  101  the owner maintained that property as his or her permanent
  102  residence, shall be exempt from taxation on such leased property
  103  up to the assessed valuation of twenty-five thousand dollars;
  104  and, for all levies other than school district levies, on the
  105  assessed valuation greater than fifty thousand dollars and up to
  106  seventy-five thousand dollars.
  107         SECTION 4. Taxation; assessments.—By general law
  108  regulations shall be prescribed which shall secure a just
  109  valuation of all property for ad valorem taxation, provided:
  110         (a) Agricultural land, land producing high water recharge
  111  to Florida’s aquifers, or land used exclusively for
  112  noncommercial recreational purposes may be classified by general
  113  law and assessed solely on the basis of character or use.
  114         (b) As provided by general law and subject to conditions,
  115  limitations, and reasonable definitions specified therein, land
  116  used for conservation purposes shall be classified by general
  117  law and assessed solely on the basis of character or use.
  118         (c) Pursuant to general law tangible personal property held
  119  for sale as stock in trade and livestock may be valued for
  120  taxation at a specified percentage of its value, may be
  121  classified for tax purposes, or may be exempted from taxation.
  122         (d) All persons entitled to a homestead exemption under
  123  Section 6 of this Article shall have their homestead assessed at
  124  just value as of January 1 of the year following the effective
  125  date of this amendment. This assessment shall change only as
  126  provided in this subsection.
  127         (1) Assessments subject to this subsection shall be changed
  128  annually on January 1st of each year; but those changes in
  129  assessments shall not exceed the lower of the following:
  130         a. Three percent (3%) of the assessment for the prior year.
  131         b. The percent change in the Consumer Price Index for all
  132  urban consumers, U.S. City Average, all items 1967=100, or
  133  successor reports for the preceding calendar year as initially
  134  reported by the United States Department of Labor, Bureau of
  135  Labor Statistics.
  136         (2) No assessment shall exceed just value.
  137         (3) After any change of ownership, as provided by general
  138  law, homestead property shall be assessed at just value as of
  139  January 1 of the following year, unless the provisions of
  140  paragraph (8) apply. Thereafter, the homestead shall be assessed
  141  as provided in this subsection.
  142         (4) New homestead property shall be assessed at just value
  143  as of January 1st of the year following the establishment of the
  144  homestead, unless the provisions of paragraph (8) apply. That
  145  assessment shall only change as provided in this subsection.
  146         (5) Changes, additions, reductions, or improvements to
  147  homestead property shall be assessed as provided for by general
  148  law; provided, however, after the adjustment for any change,
  149  addition, reduction, or improvement, the property shall be
  150  assessed as provided in this subsection.
  151         (6) In the event of a termination of homestead status, the
  152  property shall be assessed as provided by general law.
  153         (7) The provisions of this amendment are severable. If any
  154  of the provisions of this amendment shall be held
  155  unconstitutional by any court of competent jurisdiction, the
  156  decision of such court shall not affect or impair any remaining
  157  provisions of this amendment.
  158         (8)a. A person who establishes a new homestead as of
  159  January 1 and who has received a homestead exemption pursuant to
  160  Section 6 of this Article as of January 1 of any of the three
  161  years immediately preceding the establishment of the new
  162  homestead is entitled to have the new homestead assessed at less
  163  than just value. The assessed value of the newly established
  164  homestead shall be determined as follows:
  165         1. If the just value of the new homestead is greater than
  166  or equal to the just value of the prior homestead as of January
  167  1 of the year in which the prior homestead was abandoned, the
  168  assessed value of the new homestead shall be the just value of
  169  the new homestead minus an amount equal to the lesser of
  170  $500,000 or the difference between the just value and the
  171  assessed value of the prior homestead as of January 1 of the
  172  year in which the prior homestead was abandoned. Thereafter, the
  173  homestead shall be assessed as provided in this subsection.
  174         2. If the just value of the new homestead is less than the
  175  just value of the prior homestead as of January 1 of the year in
  176  which the prior homestead was abandoned, the assessed value of
  177  the new homestead shall be equal to the just value of the new
  178  homestead divided by the just value of the prior homestead and
  179  multiplied by the assessed value of the prior homestead.
  180  However, if the difference between the just value of the new
  181  homestead and the assessed value of the new homestead calculated
  182  pursuant to this sub-subparagraph is greater than $500,000, the
  183  assessed value of the new homestead shall be increased so that
  184  the difference between the just value and the assessed value
  185  equals $500,000. Thereafter, the homestead shall be assessed as
  186  provided in this subsection.
  187         b. By general law and subject to conditions specified
  188  therein, the legislature shall provide for application of this
  189  paragraph to property owned by more than one person.
  190         (e) The legislature may, by general law, for assessment
  191  purposes and subject to the provisions of this subsection, allow
  192  counties and municipalities to authorize by ordinance that
  193  historic property may be assessed solely on the basis of
  194  character or use. Such character or use assessment shall apply
  195  only to the jurisdiction adopting the ordinance. The
  196  requirements for eligible properties must be specified by
  197  general law.
  198         (f) A county may, in the manner prescribed by general law,
  199  provide for a reduction in the assessed value of homestead
  200  property to the extent of any increase in the assessed value of
  201  that property which results from the construction or
  202  reconstruction of the property for the purpose of providing
  203  living quarters for one or more natural or adoptive grandparents
  204  or parents of the owner of the property or of the owner’s spouse
  205  if at least one of the grandparents or parents for whom the
  206  living quarters are provided is 62 years of age or older. Such a
  207  reduction may not exceed the lesser of the following:
  208         (1) The increase in assessed value resulting from
  209  construction or reconstruction of the property.
  210         (2) Twenty percent of the total assessed value of the
  211  property as improved.
  212         (g) For all levies other than school district levies,
  213  assessments of residential real property, as defined by general
  214  law, which contains nine units or fewer and which is not subject
  215  to the assessment limitations set forth in subsections (a)
  216  through (d) shall change only as provided in this subsection.
  217         (1) Assessments subject to this subsection shall be changed
  218  annually on the date of assessment provided by law; but those
  219  changes in assessments shall not exceed ten percent (10%) of the
  220  assessment for the prior year.
  221         (2) No assessment shall exceed just value.
  222         (3) After a change of ownership or control, as defined by
  223  general law, including any change of ownership of a legal entity
  224  that owns the property, such property shall be assessed at just
  225  value as of the next assessment date. Thereafter, such property
  226  shall be assessed as provided in this subsection.
  227         (4) Changes, additions, reductions, or improvements to such
  228  property shall be assessed as provided for by general law;
  229  however, after the adjustment for any change, addition,
  230  reduction, or improvement, the property shall be assessed as
  231  provided in this subsection.
  232         (h) For all levies other than school district levies,
  233  assessments of real property that is not subject to the
  234  assessment limitations set forth in subsections (a) through (d)
  235  and (g) shall change only as provided in this subsection.
  236         (1) Assessments subject to this subsection shall be changed
  237  annually on the date of assessment provided by law; but those
  238  changes in assessments shall not exceed ten percent (10%) of the
  239  assessment for the prior year.
  240         (2) No assessment shall exceed just value.
  241         (3) The legislature must provide that such property shall
  242  be assessed at just value as of the next assessment date after a
  243  qualifying improvement, as defined by general law, is made to
  244  such property. Thereafter, such property shall be assessed as
  245  provided in this subsection.
  246         (4) The legislature may provide that such property shall be
  247  assessed at just value as of the next assessment date after a
  248  change of ownership or control, as defined by general law,
  249  including any change of ownership of the legal entity that owns
  250  the property. Thereafter, such property shall be assessed as
  251  provided in this subsection.
  252         (5) Changes, additions, reductions, or improvements to such
  253  property shall be assessed as provided for by general law;
  254  however, after the adjustment for any change, addition,
  255  reduction, or improvement, the property shall be assessed as
  256  provided in this subsection.
  257         (i) The legislature, by general law and subject to
  258  conditions specified therein, may prohibit the consideration of
  259  the following in the determination of the assessed value of real
  260  property:
  261         (1) Any change or improvement to real property used for
  262  residential purposes made to improve the property’s resistance
  263  to wind damage.
  264         (2) The installation of a solar or renewable energy source
  265  device.
  266         (j)(1) The assessment of the following working waterfront
  267  properties shall be based upon the current use of the property:
  268         a. Land used predominantly for commercial fishing purposes.
  269         b. Land that is accessible to the public and used for
  270  vessel launches into waters that are navigable.
  271         c. Marinas and drystacks that are open to the public.
  272         d. Water-dependent marine manufacturing facilities,
  273  commercial fishing facilities, and marine vessel construction
  274  and repair facilities and their support activities.
  275         (2) The assessment benefit provided by this subsection is
  276  subject to conditions and limitations and reasonable definitions
  277  as specified by the legislature by general law.
  278         (k)All persons entitled to the exemptions on real property
  279  under subsection (h) of Section 3 of this Article shall have
  280  such property assessed as follows:
  281         (1)Assessments shall be changed annually on January 1 of
  282  each year; but those changes in assessments shall not exceed the
  283  lower of: three percent (3%) of the assessment for the prior
  284  year, or the percent change in the Consumer Price Index for all
  285  urban consumers, U.S. City Average, all items 1967=100, or
  286  successor reports for the preceding calendar year as initially
  287  reported by the United States Department of Labor, Bureau of
  288  Labor Statistics.
  289         (2)No assessment shall exceed just value.
  290         (3)After any change of ownership, as provided by general
  291  law, or termination of homestead pursuant to paragraph (6) of
  292  subsection (d) of this section, the property shall be assessed
  293  at just value as of January 1 of the following year. Thereafter,
  294  the property shall be assessed as provided in this paragraph.
  295         (4)Changes, additions, reductions, or improvements to such
  296  property shall be assessed as provided for by general law;
  297  provided, however, after the adjustment for any change,
  298  addition, reduction, or improvement, the property shall be
  299  assessed as provided in this subsection.
  300         (5)The legislature may also provide that if any property
  301  receiving the assessment limitation authorized under this
  302  subsection subsequently becomes ineligible for the assessment
  303  limitation authorized under this subsection for reasons other
  304  than a change of ownership or control, as defined by general
  305  law; or termination of homestead pursuant to paragraph (6) of
  306  subsection (d) of this section; such property shall be assessed,
  307  without reassessment at just value, pursuant to subsection (g)
  308  of this section, unless such property is assessed under
  309  subsection (d) of this section for that year.
  310                             ARTICLE XII                           
  311                              SCHEDULE                             
  312         Tax exemptions and an assessment limitation for long-term
  313  leased residential property.—This section and the amendments to
  314  Sections 3 and 4 of Article VII, which authorize the legislature
  315  to provide two $25,000 exemptions and an assessment limitation
  316  to real property that, on January 1, is subject to a written
  317  lease of six months or more and is owned by a person who holds
  318  legal or equitable title to real estate receiving a homestead
  319  exemption, apply beginning with the 2027 tax roll.
  320         BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that the following statement be
  321  placed on the ballot:
  322                      CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT                     
  323                    ARTICLE VII, SECTIONS 3 AND 4                  
  324                             ARTICLE XII                           
  325         PROPERTY TAX BENEFITS FOR CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL PROPERTIES
  326  SUBJECT TO A LONG-TERM LEASE.—Proposing an amendment to the
  327  State Constitution to authorize the Legislature to provide two
  328  $25,000 exemptions and an assessment limitation for certain
  329  residential real property that is subject to a written lease of
  330  6 months or more and is owned by a person who holds legal or
  331  equitable title to property receiving a homestead exemption.
  332  This amendment shall take effect January 1, 2027.
  333  
  334  ================= T I T L E  A M E N D M E N T ================
  335  And the title is amended as follows:
  336         Delete everything before the resolving clause
  337  and insert:
  338                        A bill to be entitled                      
  339         A joint resolution proposing amendments to Sections 3
  340         and 4 of Article VII and the creation of a new section
  341         in Article XII of the State Constitution to authorize
  342         the Legislature to provide two $25,000 exemptions and
  343         an assessment limitation to certain real property
  344         subject to a long-term lease and to provide an
  345         effective date.