Florida Senate - 2025                                      SB 82
       
       
        
       By Senator Collins
       
       
       
       
       
       14-00112A-25                                            202582__
    1                        A bill to be entitled                      
    2         An act relating to dental therapy; amending s.
    3         409.906, F.S.; authorizing Medicaid to reimburse for
    4         dental services provided in a mobile dental unit that
    5         is owned by, operated by, or has a contractual
    6         agreement with a health access setting or another
    7         similar setting or program; amending s. 466.001, F.S.;
    8         revising legislative purpose and intent; amending s.
    9         466.002, F.S.; providing applicability; reordering and
   10         amending s. 466.003, F.S.; defining the terms “dental
   11         therapist” and “dental therapy”; making technical
   12         changes; amending s. 466.004, F.S.; requiring the
   13         chair of the Board of Dentistry to appoint a Council
   14         on Dental Therapy, effective after a specified
   15         timeframe; providing for the membership, meetings, and
   16         purpose of the council; amending s. 466.006, F.S.;
   17         revising the definitions of the terms “full-time
   18         practice” and “full-time practice of dentistry within
   19         the geographic boundaries of this state within 1 year”
   20         to include full-time faculty members of certain dental
   21         therapy schools; amending s. 466.009, F.S.; requiring
   22         the Department of Health to allow any person who fails
   23         the dental therapy examination to retake the
   24         examination; providing that a person who fails a
   25         practical or clinical examination to practice dental
   26         therapy and who has failed one part or procedure of
   27         the examination may be required to retake only that
   28         part or procedure to pass the examination; requiring
   29         such applicant to retake the entire examination under
   30         certain circumstances; amending s. 466.011, F.S.;
   31         requiring the board to certify an applicant for
   32         licensure as a dental therapist; creating s. 466.0136,
   33         F.S.; requiring the board to require each licensed
   34         dental therapist to complete a specified number of
   35         hours of continuing education; requiring the board to
   36         adopt rules and guidelines; requiring dental
   37         therapists to retain certain documentation in their
   38         records; authorizing the board to excuse licensees
   39         from continuing education requirements in certain
   40         circumstances; amending s. 466.016, F.S.; requiring a
   41         practitioner of dental therapy to post and display her
   42         or his license in each office where she or he
   43         practices; amending s. 466.017, F.S.; requiring the
   44         board to adopt certain rules relating to dental
   45         therapists; authorizing a dental therapist under the
   46         supervision of a dentist to administer local
   47         anesthesia and operate an X-ray machine, expose dental
   48         X-ray films, and interpret or read such films if
   49         specified requirements are met; making a technical
   50         change; amending s. 466.018, F.S.; providing that a
   51         dentist of record remains primarily responsible for
   52         the dental treatment of a patient regardless of
   53         whether the treatment is provided by a dental
   54         therapist; requiring that the initials of a dental
   55         therapist who renders treatment to a patient be placed
   56         in the record of the patient; creating s. 466.0225,
   57         F.S.; providing application requirements and
   58         examination and licensure qualifications for dental
   59         therapists; creating s. 466.0227, F.S.; authorizing a
   60         dental therapist to perform specified services under
   61         the supervision of a dentist under certain conditions;
   62         specifying state-specific dental therapy services;
   63         requiring that a collaborative management agreement be
   64         signed by a supervising dentist and a dental therapist
   65         and include certain information; requiring the
   66         supervising dentist to determine the number of hours
   67         of practice that a dental therapist must complete
   68         before performing certain authorized services;
   69         authorizing a supervising dentist to restrict or limit
   70         the dental therapist’s practice in a collaborative
   71         management agreement; providing that a supervising
   72         dentist may authorize a dental therapist to provide
   73         dental therapy services to a patient before the
   74         dentist examines or diagnoses the patient under
   75         certain conditions; requiring a supervising dentist to
   76         be licensed and practicing in this state; specifying
   77         that the supervising dentist is responsible for
   78         certain services; amending s. 466.026, F.S.; providing
   79         criminal penalties for practicing dental therapy
   80         without an active license, selling or offering to sell
   81         a diploma from a dental therapy school or college,
   82         falsely using a specified name or initials, or holding
   83         oneself out as an actively licensed dental therapist;
   84         amending s. 466.028, F.S.; revising grounds for denial
   85         of a license or disciplinary action to include the
   86         practice of dental therapy; amending s. 466.0285,
   87         F.S.; prohibiting persons other than licensed dentists
   88         from employing a dental therapist in the operation of
   89         a dental office and from controlling the use of any
   90         dental equipment or material in certain circumstances;
   91         requiring the department, in consultation with the
   92         board and the Agency for Health Care Administration,
   93         to provide reports to the Legislature by specified
   94         dates; requiring that certain information and
   95         recommendations be included in the reports; providing
   96         an effective date.
   97          
   98  Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Florida:
   99  
  100         Section 1. Paragraph (c) of subsection (1) of section
  101  409.906, Florida Statutes, is amended, and paragraph (e) is
  102  added to subsection (6) of that section, to read:
  103         409.906 Optional Medicaid services.—Subject to specific
  104  appropriations, the agency may make payments for services which
  105  are optional to the state under Title XIX of the Social Security
  106  Act and are furnished by Medicaid providers to recipients who
  107  are determined to be eligible on the dates on which the services
  108  were provided. Any optional service that is provided shall be
  109  provided only when medically necessary and in accordance with
  110  state and federal law. Optional services rendered by providers
  111  in mobile units to Medicaid recipients may be restricted or
  112  prohibited by the agency. Nothing in this section shall be
  113  construed to prevent or limit the agency from adjusting fees,
  114  reimbursement rates, lengths of stay, number of visits, or
  115  number of services, or making any other adjustments necessary to
  116  comply with the availability of moneys and any limitations or
  117  directions provided for in the General Appropriations Act or
  118  chapter 216. If necessary to safeguard the state’s systems of
  119  providing services to elderly and disabled persons and subject
  120  to the notice and review provisions of s. 216.177, the Governor
  121  may direct the Agency for Health Care Administration to amend
  122  the Medicaid state plan to delete the optional Medicaid service
  123  known as “Intermediate Care Facilities for the Developmentally
  124  Disabled.” Optional services may include:
  125         (1) ADULT DENTAL SERVICES.—
  126         (c) However, Medicaid will not provide reimbursement for
  127  dental services provided in a mobile dental unit, except for a
  128  mobile dental unit:
  129         1. Owned by, operated by, or having a contractual agreement
  130  with the Department of Health and complying with Medicaid’s
  131  county health department clinic services program specifications
  132  as a county health department clinic services provider.
  133         2. Owned by, operated by, or having a contractual
  134  arrangement with a federally qualified health center and
  135  complying with Medicaid’s federally qualified health center
  136  specifications as a federally qualified health center provider.
  137         3. Rendering dental services to Medicaid recipients, 21
  138  years of age and older, at nursing facilities.
  139         4. Owned by, operated by, or having a contractual agreement
  140  with a state-approved dental educational institution.
  141         5.Owned by, operated by, or having a contractual agreement
  142  with a health access setting as defined in s. 466.003 or a
  143  similar setting or program.
  144         (6) CHILDREN’S DENTAL SERVICES.—The agency may pay for
  145  diagnostic, preventive, or corrective procedures, including
  146  orthodontia in severe cases, provided to a recipient under age
  147  21, by or under the supervision of a licensed dentist. The
  148  agency may also reimburse a health access setting as defined in
  149  s. 466.003 for the remediable tasks that a licensed dental
  150  hygienist is authorized to perform under s. 466.024(2). Services
  151  provided under this program include treatment of the teeth and
  152  associated structures of the oral cavity, as well as treatment
  153  of disease, injury, or impairment that may affect the oral or
  154  general health of the individual. However, Medicaid will not
  155  provide reimbursement for dental services provided in a mobile
  156  dental unit, except for a mobile dental unit:
  157         (e)Owned by, operated by, or having a contractual
  158  agreement with a health access setting as defined in s. 466.003
  159  or a similar setting or program.
  160         Section 2. Section 466.001, Florida Statutes, is amended to
  161  read:
  162         466.001 Legislative purpose and intent.—The legislative
  163  purpose for enacting this chapter is to ensure that every
  164  dentist, dental therapist, or dental hygienist practicing in
  165  this state meets minimum requirements for safe practice without
  166  undue clinical interference by persons not licensed under this
  167  chapter. It is the legislative intent that dental services be
  168  provided only in accordance with the provisions of this chapter
  169  and not be delegated to unauthorized individuals. It is the
  170  further legislative intent that dentists, dental therapists, and
  171  dental hygienists who fall below minimum competency or who
  172  otherwise present a danger to the public shall be prohibited
  173  from practicing in this state. All provisions of this chapter
  174  relating to the practice of dentistry, dental therapy, and
  175  dental hygiene shall be liberally construed to carry out such
  176  purpose and intent.
  177         Section 3. Subsections (5) and (6) of section 466.002,
  178  Florida Statutes, are amended to read:
  179         466.002 Persons exempt from operation of chapter.—Nothing
  180  in this chapter shall apply to the following practices, acts,
  181  and operations:
  182         (5) Students in Florida schools of dentistry, dental
  183  therapy, and dental hygiene or dental assistant educational
  184  programs, while performing regularly assigned work under the
  185  curriculum of such schools or programs.
  186         (6) Instructors in Florida schools of dentistry,
  187  instructors in dental programs that prepare persons holding
  188  D.D.S. or D.M.D. degrees for certification by a specialty board
  189  and that are accredited in the United States by January 1, 2005,
  190  in the same manner as the board recognizes accreditation for
  191  Florida schools of dentistry that are not otherwise affiliated
  192  with a Florida school of dentistry, or instructors in Florida
  193  schools of dental hygiene or dental therapy or dental assistant
  194  educational programs, while performing regularly assigned
  195  instructional duties under the curriculum of such schools or
  196  programs. A full-time dental instructor at a dental school or
  197  dental program approved by the board may be allowed to practice
  198  dentistry at the teaching facilities of such school or program,
  199  upon receiving a teaching permit issued by the board, in strict
  200  compliance with such rules as are adopted by the board
  201  pertaining to the teaching permit and with the established rules
  202  and procedures of the dental school or program as recognized in
  203  this section.
  204         Section 4. Section 466.003, Florida Statutes, is reordered
  205  and amended to read:
  206         466.003 Definitions.—As used in this chapter, the term:
  207         (1) “Board” means the Board of Dentistry.
  208         (7)(2) “Dentist” means a person licensed to practice
  209  dentistry pursuant to this chapter.
  210         (8)(3) “Dentistry” means the healing art which is concerned
  211  with the examination, diagnosis, treatment planning, and care of
  212  conditions within the human oral cavity and its adjacent tissues
  213  and structures. It includes the performance or attempted
  214  performance of any dental operation, or oral or oral
  215  maxillofacial surgery and any procedures adjunct thereto,
  216  including physical evaluation directly related to such operation
  217  or surgery pursuant to hospital rules and regulations. It also
  218  includes dental service of any kind gratuitously or for any
  219  remuneration paid, or to be paid, directly or indirectly, to any
  220  person or agency. The term “dentistry” shall also includes
  221  include the following:
  222         (a) The Taking of an impression of the human tooth, teeth,
  223  or jaws directly or indirectly and by any means or method.
  224         (b) Supplying artificial substitutes for the natural teeth
  225  or furnishing, supplying, constructing, reproducing, or
  226  repairing any prosthetic denture, bridge, appliance, or any
  227  other structure designed to be worn in the human mouth except on
  228  the written work order of a duly licensed dentist.
  229         (c) The Placing of an appliance or structure in the human
  230  mouth or the adjusting or attempting to adjust the same.
  231         (d) Delivering the same to any person other than the
  232  dentist upon whose work order the work was performed.
  233         (e) Professing to the public by any method to furnish,
  234  supply, construct, reproduce, or repair any prosthetic denture,
  235  bridge, appliance, or other structure designed to be worn in the
  236  human mouth.
  237         (f) Diagnosing, prescribing, or treating or professing to
  238  diagnose, prescribe, or treat disease, pain, deformity,
  239  deficiency, injury, or physical condition of the human teeth or
  240  jaws or oral-maxillofacial region.
  241         (g) Extracting or attempting to extract human teeth.
  242         (h) Correcting or attempting to correct malformations of
  243  teeth or of jaws.
  244         (i) Repairing or attempting to repair cavities in the human
  245  teeth.
  246         (3)(4) “Dental hygiene” means the rendering of educational,
  247  preventive, and therapeutic dental services pursuant to ss.
  248  466.023 and 466.024 and any related extra-oral procedure
  249  required in the performance of such services.
  250         (4)(5) “Dental hygienist” means a person licensed to
  251  practice dental hygiene pursuant to this chapter.
  252         (2)(6) “Dental assistant” means a person, other than a
  253  dental hygienist, who, under the supervision and authorization
  254  of a dentist, provides dental care services directly to a
  255  patient. This term does shall not include a certified registered
  256  nurse anesthetist licensed under part I of chapter 464.
  257         (5)“Dental therapist” means a person licensed to practice
  258  dental therapy pursuant to s. 466.0225.
  259         (6)“Dental therapy” means the rendering of services
  260  pursuant to s. 466.0227 and any related extraoral services or
  261  procedures required in the performance of such services.
  262         (9)(7) “Department” means the Department of Health.
  263         (10)(8) “Digital scanning” means the use of digital
  264  technology that creates a computer-generated replica of the hard
  265  and soft tissue of the oral cavity using enhanced digital
  266  photography, lasers, or other optical scanning devices.
  267         (11)(9) “Direct supervision” means supervision whereby a
  268  dentist diagnoses the condition to be treated, a dentist
  269  authorizes the procedure to be performed, a dentist remains on
  270  the premises while the procedures are performed, and a dentist
  271  approves the work performed before dismissal of the patient.
  272         (14)(10) “Indirect supervision” means supervision whereby a
  273  dentist authorizes procedures the procedure and a dentist is on
  274  the premises while the procedures are performed.
  275         (12)(11) “General supervision” means supervision whereby a
  276  dentist authorizes the procedures which are being carried out
  277  but need not be present when the authorized procedures are being
  278  performed. The authorized procedures may also be performed at a
  279  place other than the dentist’s usual place of practice. The
  280  issuance of a written work authorization to a commercial dental
  281  laboratory by a dentist does not constitute general supervision.
  282         (15)(12) “Irremediable tasks” are those intraoral treatment
  283  tasks which, when performed, are irreversible and create
  284  unalterable changes within the oral cavity or the contiguous
  285  structures or which cause an increased risk to the patient. The
  286  administration of anesthetics other than topical anesthesia is
  287  considered to be an “irremediable task” for purposes of this
  288  chapter.
  289         (17)(13) “Remediable tasks” are those intraoral treatment
  290  tasks which are reversible and do not create unalterable changes
  291  within the oral cavity or the contiguous structures and which do
  292  not cause an increased risk to the patient.
  293         (16)(14) “Oral and maxillofacial surgery” means the
  294  specialty of dentistry involving diagnosis, surgery, and
  295  adjunctive treatment of diseases, injuries, and defects
  296  involving the functional and esthetic aspects of the hard and
  297  soft tissues of the oral and maxillofacial regions. This term
  298  may not be construed to apply to any individual exempt under s.
  299  466.002(1).
  300         (13)(15) “Health access setting” means a program or an
  301  institution of the Department of Children and Families, the
  302  Department of Health, the Department of Juvenile Justice, a
  303  nonprofit community health center, a Head Start center, a
  304  federally qualified health center or look-alike as defined by
  305  federal law, a school-based prevention program, a clinic
  306  operated by an accredited college of dentistry, or an accredited
  307  dental hygiene program in this state if such community service
  308  program or institution immediately reports to the Board of
  309  Dentistry all violations of s. 466.027, s. 466.028, or other
  310  practice act or standard of care violations related to the
  311  actions or inactions of a dentist, dental hygienist, or dental
  312  assistant engaged in the delivery of dental care in such
  313  setting.
  314         (18)(16) “School-based prevention program” means preventive
  315  oral health services offered at a school by one of the entities
  316  described defined in subsection (13) (15) or by a nonprofit
  317  organization that is exempt from federal income taxation under
  318  s. 501(a) of the Internal Revenue Code, and described in s.
  319  501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code.
  320         Section 5. Subsection (2) of section 466.004, Florida
  321  Statutes, is amended to read:
  322         466.004 Board of Dentistry.—
  323         (2) To advise the board, It is the intent of the
  324  Legislature that councils be appointed as specified in
  325  paragraphs (a)-(d) to advise the board (a), (b), and (c). The
  326  department shall provide administrative support to the councils
  327  and shall provide public notice of meetings and agendas agenda
  328  of the councils. Councils must shall include at least one board
  329  member, who shall serve as chair, the council and must shall
  330  include nonboard members. All council members shall be appointed
  331  by the board chair. Council members shall be appointed for 4
  332  year terms, and all members are shall be eligible for
  333  reimbursement of expenses in the manner of board members.
  334         (a) A Council on Dental Hygiene shall be appointed by the
  335  board chair and shall include one dental hygienist member of the
  336  board, who shall chair the council, one dental member of the
  337  board, and three dental hygienists who are actively engaged in
  338  the practice of dental hygiene in this state. In making the
  339  appointments, the chair shall consider recommendations from the
  340  Florida Dental Hygiene Association. The council shall meet at
  341  the request of the board chair, a majority of the members of the
  342  board, or the council chair; however, the council must meet at
  343  least three times each a year. The council is charged with, the
  344  responsibility of and shall meet for the purpose of, developing
  345  rules and policies for recommendation to the board, which the
  346  board shall consider, on matters pertaining to that part of
  347  dentistry consisting of educational, preventive, or therapeutic
  348  dental hygiene services; dental hygiene licensure, discipline,
  349  or regulation; and dental hygiene education. The board shall
  350  consider rule and policy recommendations of the council shall be
  351  considered by the board at its next regularly scheduled meeting
  352  in the same manner in which it considers rule and policy
  353  recommendations from designated subcommittees of the board. Any
  354  rule or policy proposed by the board pertaining to the specified
  355  part of dentistry identified defined by this subsection must
  356  shall be referred to the council for a recommendation before
  357  final action by the board. The board may take final action on
  358  rules pertaining to the specified part of dentistry identified
  359  defined by this subsection without a council recommendation if
  360  the council fails to submit a recommendation in a timely fashion
  361  as prescribed by the board.
  362         (b) A Council on Dental Assisting shall be appointed by the
  363  board chair and shall include one board member who shall chair
  364  the council and three dental assistants who are actively engaged
  365  in dental assisting in this state. The council shall meet at the
  366  request of the board chair or a majority of the members of the
  367  board. The council shall meet for the purpose of developing
  368  recommendations to the board on matters pertaining to that part
  369  of dentistry related to dental assisting.
  370         (c) Effective 28 months after the first dental therapy
  371  license is granted by the board, the board chair shall appoint a
  372  Council on Dental Therapy, which must include one board member
  373  who shall chair the council and three dental therapists who are
  374  actively engaged in the practice of dental therapy in this
  375  state. The council shall meet at the request of the board chair,
  376  a majority of the members of the board, or the council chair;
  377  however, the council shall meet at least three times per year.
  378  The council is charged with, and shall meet for the purpose of,
  379  developing rules and policies for recommendation to the board on
  380  matters pertaining to that part of dentistry consisting of
  381  educational, preventive, or therapeutic dental therapy services;
  382  dental therapy licensure, discipline, or regulation; and dental
  383  therapy education. The board shall consider the recommended
  384  rules and policies at its next regularly scheduled meeting in
  385  the same manner in which it considers rule and policy
  386  recommendations from designated subcommittees of the board. Any
  387  rule or policy proposed by the board pertaining to the specified
  388  part of dentistry identified by this subsection must be referred
  389  to the council for a recommendation before final action by the
  390  board. The board may take final action on rules pertaining to
  391  the specified part of dentistry identified by this subsection
  392  without a council recommendation if the council fails to submit
  393  a recommendation in a timely fashion as prescribed by the board.
  394         (d) With the concurrence of the State Surgeon General, the
  395  board chair may create and abolish other advisory councils
  396  relating to dental subjects, including, but not limited to:
  397  examinations, access to dental care, indigent care, nursing home
  398  and institutional care, public health, disciplinary guidelines,
  399  and other subjects as appropriate. Such councils shall be
  400  appointed by the board chair and shall include at least one
  401  board member who shall serve as chair.
  402         Section 6. Paragraph (b) of subsection (4) of section
  403  466.006, Florida Statutes, is amended to read:
  404         466.006 Examination of dentists.—
  405         (4) Notwithstanding any other provision of law in chapter
  406  456 pertaining to the clinical dental licensure examination or
  407  national examinations, to be licensed as a dentist in this
  408  state, an applicant must successfully complete both of the
  409  following:
  410         (b) A practical or clinical examination, which must be the
  411  American Dental Licensing Examination produced by the American
  412  Board of Dental Examiners, Inc., or its successor entity, if
  413  any, which is administered in this state, provided that the
  414  board has attained, and continues to maintain thereafter,
  415  representation on the board of directors of the American Board
  416  of Dental Examiners, the examination development committee of
  417  the American Board of Dental Examiners, and such other
  418  committees of the American Board of Dental Examiners as the
  419  board deems appropriate by rule to assure that the standards
  420  established herein are maintained organizationally.
  421         1. As an alternative to such practical or clinical
  422  examination, an applicant may submit scores from an American
  423  Dental Licensing Examination previously administered in a
  424  jurisdiction other than this state after October 1, 2011, and
  425  such examination results are recognized as valid for the purpose
  426  of licensure in this state. A passing score on the American
  427  Dental Licensing Examination administered out of state is the
  428  same as the passing score for the American Dental Licensing
  429  Examination administered in this state. The applicant must have
  430  completed the examination after October 1, 2011. This
  431  subparagraph may not be given retroactive application.
  432         2. If the date of an applicant’s passing American Dental
  433  Licensing Examination scores from an examination previously
  434  administered in a jurisdiction other than this state under
  435  subparagraph 1. is older than 365 days, such scores are
  436  nevertheless valid for the purpose of licensure in this state,
  437  but only if the applicant demonstrates that all of the following
  438  additional standards have been met:
  439         a. The applicant completed the American Dental Licensing
  440  Examination after October 1, 2011. This sub-subparagraph may not
  441  be given retroactive application.
  442         b. The applicant graduated from a dental school accredited
  443  by the American Dental Association Commission on Dental
  444  Accreditation or its successor entity, if any, or any other
  445  dental accrediting organization recognized by the United States
  446  Department of Education. Provided, however, if the applicant did
  447  not graduate from such a dental school, the applicant may submit
  448  proof of having successfully completed a full-time supplemental
  449  general dentistry program accredited by the American Dental
  450  Association Commission on Dental Accreditation of at least 2
  451  consecutive academic years at such accredited sponsoring
  452  institution. Such program must provide didactic and clinical
  453  education at the level of a D.D.S. or D.M.D. program accredited
  454  by the American Dental Association Commission on Dental
  455  Accreditation. For purposes of this sub-subparagraph, a
  456  supplemental general dentistry program does not include an
  457  advanced education program in a dental specialty.
  458         c. The applicant currently possesses a valid and active
  459  dental license in good standing, with no restriction, which has
  460  never been revoked, suspended, restricted, or otherwise
  461  disciplined, from another state or territory of the United
  462  States, the District of Columbia, or the Commonwealth of Puerto
  463  Rico.
  464         d. The applicant must disclose to the board during the
  465  application process if he or she has been reported to the
  466  National Practitioner Data Bank, the Healthcare Integrity and
  467  Protection Data Bank, or the American Association of Dental
  468  Boards Clearinghouse. This sub-subparagraph does not apply if
  469  the applicant successfully appealed to have his or her name
  470  removed from the data banks of these agencies.
  471         e.(I)(A) The applicant submits proof of having been
  472  consecutively engaged in the full-time practice of dentistry in
  473  another state or territory of the United States, the District of
  474  Columbia, or the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico in the 5 years
  475  immediately preceding the date of application for licensure in
  476  this state; or
  477         (B) If the applicant has been licensed in another state or
  478  territory of the United States, the District of Columbia, or the
  479  Commonwealth of Puerto Rico for less than 5 years, the applicant
  480  submits proof of having been engaged in the full-time practice
  481  of dentistry since the date of his or her initial licensure.
  482         (II) As used in this section, “full-time practice” is
  483  defined as a minimum of 1,200 hours per year for each year in
  484  the consecutive 5-year period or, when applicable, the period
  485  since initial licensure, and must include any combination of the
  486  following:
  487         (A) Active clinical practice of dentistry providing direct
  488  patient care.
  489         (B) Full-time practice as a faculty member employed by a
  490  dental, dental therapy, or dental hygiene school approved by the
  491  board or accredited by the American Dental Association
  492  Commission on Dental Accreditation.
  493         (C) Full-time practice as a student at a postgraduate
  494  dental education program approved by the board or accredited by
  495  the American Dental Association Commission on Dental
  496  Accreditation.
  497         (III) The board shall develop rules to determine what type
  498  of proof of full-time practice is required and to recoup the
  499  cost to the board of verifying full-time practice under this
  500  section. Such proof must, at a minimum, be:
  501         (A) Admissible as evidence in an administrative proceeding;
  502         (B) Submitted in writing;
  503         (C) Further documented by an applicant’s annual income tax
  504  return filed with the Internal Revenue Service for each year in
  505  the preceding 5-year period or, if the applicant has been
  506  practicing for less than 5 years, the period since initial
  507  licensure; and
  508         (D) Specifically found by the board to be both credible and
  509  admissible.
  510         (IV) The board may excuse applicants from the 1,200-hour
  511  requirement in the event of hardship, as defined by the board.
  512         f. The applicant submits documentation that he or she has
  513  completed, or will complete before he or she is licensed in this
  514  state, continuing education equivalent to this state’s
  515  requirements for the last full reporting biennium.
  516         g. The applicant proves that he or she has never been
  517  convicted of, or pled nolo contendere to, regardless of
  518  adjudication, any felony or misdemeanor related to the practice
  519  of a health care profession in any jurisdiction.
  520         h. The applicant has successfully passed a written
  521  examination on the laws and rules of this state regulating the
  522  practice of dentistry and the computer-based diagnostic skills
  523  examination.
  524         i. The applicant submits documentation that he or she has
  525  successfully completed the applicable examination administered
  526  by the Joint Commission on National Dental Examinations or its
  527  successor organization.
  528         Section 7. Subsection (1) of section 466.009, Florida
  529  Statutes, is amended, and subsection (4) is added to that
  530  section, to read:
  531         466.009 Reexamination.—
  532         (1) Any person who fails an examination that is required
  533  under s. 466.006, or s. 466.007, or s. 466.0225 may retake the
  534  examination.
  535         (4)If an applicant for a license to practice dental
  536  therapy fails the practical or clinical examination and she or
  537  he has failed only one part or procedure of such examination,
  538  she or he may be required to retake only that part or procedure
  539  to pass such examination. However, if any such applicant fails
  540  more than one part or procedure of any such examination, she or
  541  he must be required to retake the entire examination.
  542         Section 8. Section 466.011, Florida Statutes, is amended to
  543  read:
  544         466.011 Licensure.—The board shall certify for licensure by
  545  the department any applicant who satisfies the requirements of
  546  s. 466.006, s. 466.0067, or s. 466.007, or s. 466.0225. The
  547  board may refuse to certify an applicant who has violated any of
  548  the provisions of s. 466.026 or s. 466.028.
  549         Section 9. Section 466.0136, Florida Statutes, is created
  550  to read:
  551         466.0136Continuing education; dental therapists.—In
  552  addition to any other requirements for relicensure for dental
  553  therapists specified in this chapter, the board shall require
  554  each licensed dental therapist to complete at least 24 hours,
  555  but not more than 36 hours, biennially of continuing education
  556  in dental subjects in programs approved by the board or in
  557  equivalent programs of continuing education. Programs of
  558  continuing education approved by the board must be programs of
  559  learning which, in the opinion of the board, contribute directly
  560  to the dental education of the dental therapist. An individual
  561  licensed as both a dental therapist and a dental hygienist may
  562  use 2 hours of continuing education that is approved for both
  563  dental therapy and dental hygiene education to satisfy both
  564  dental therapy and dental hygiene continuing education
  565  requirements. The board shall adopt rules and guidelines to
  566  administer and enforce this section. The dental therapist shall
  567  retain in her or his records any receipts, vouchers, or
  568  certificates necessary to document completion of such continuing
  569  education. Compliance with these continuing education
  570  requirements is mandatory for issuance of the renewal
  571  certificate. The board may excuse licensees, as a group or
  572  individually, from all or part of the continuing education
  573  requirements if an unusual circumstance, emergency, or hardship
  574  prevents compliance with this section.
  575         Section 10. Subsection (1) of section 466.016, Florida
  576  Statutes, is amended to read:
  577         466.016 License to be displayed.—
  578         (1) Every practitioner of dentistry, dental therapy, or
  579  dental hygiene within the meaning of this chapter shall post and
  580  keep conspicuously displayed in plain sight of the
  581  practitioner’s patients her or his license in each the office
  582  where wherein she or he practices, in plain sight of the
  583  practitioner’s patients. Any dentist or dental hygienist who
  584  practices at more than one location must display a copy of her
  585  or his license in each office where she or he practices.
  586         Section 11. Present subsections (7) through (15) of section
  587  466.017, Florida Statutes, are redesignated as subsections (9)
  588  through (17), respectively, new subsections (7) and (8) are
  589  added to that section, and paragraphs (d) and (e) of subsection
  590  (3), subsection (4), and present subsections (7), (8), and (14)
  591  of that section are amended, to read:
  592         466.017 Prescription of drugs; anesthesia.—
  593         (3) The board shall adopt rules which:
  594         (d) Establish further requirements relating to the use of
  595  general anesthesia or sedation, including, but not limited to,
  596  office equipment and the training of dental assistants, dental
  597  therapists, or dental hygienists who work with dentists using
  598  general anesthesia or sedation.
  599         (e) Establish an administrative mechanism that allows
  600  enabling the board to verify compliance with training,
  601  education, experience, equipment, or certification requirements
  602  adopted pursuant to this subsection which are applicable to of
  603  dentists, dental therapists, dental hygienists, and dental
  604  assistants adopted pursuant to this subsection. The board may
  605  charge a fee to defray the cost of verifying compliance with
  606  requirements adopted pursuant to this paragraph.
  607         (4) A dentist, dental therapist, or dental hygienist who
  608  administers or employs the use of any form of anesthesia must
  609  possess a certification in either basic cardiopulmonary
  610  resuscitation for health professionals or advanced cardiac life
  611  support approved by the American Heart Association or the
  612  American Red Cross or an equivalent agency-sponsored course with
  613  recertification every 2 years. Each dental office that which
  614  uses any form of anesthesia must have immediately available and
  615  in good working order such resuscitative equipment, oxygen, and
  616  other resuscitative drugs as are specified by rule of the board
  617  in order to manage possible adverse reactions.
  618         (7)A dental therapist, under the direct supervision of a
  619  dentist, may administer local anesthesia, including intraoral
  620  block anesthesia or soft tissue infiltration anesthesia, if she
  621  or he has completed the course described in paragraph (5)(a) and
  622  presents evidence of current certification in basic or advanced
  623  cardiac life support.
  624         (8)A dental therapist providing services in a mobile
  625  dental unit, under the general supervision of a dentist, may
  626  administer local anesthesia, including intraoral block
  627  anesthesia or soft tissue infiltration anesthesia, if she or he
  628  has completed the course described in paragraph (5)(a) and
  629  presents evidence of current certification in basic or advanced
  630  cardiac life support.
  631         (9)(7) A licensed dentist, or a dental therapist who is
  632  authorized by her or his supervising dentist, may operate
  633  utilize an X-ray machine, expose dental X-ray films, and
  634  interpret or read such films. Notwithstanding The provisions of
  635  part IV of chapter 468 to the contrary notwithstanding, a
  636  licensed dentist, or a dental therapist who is authorized by her
  637  or his supervising dentist, may authorize or direct a dental
  638  assistant to operate such equipment and expose such films under
  639  her or his direction and supervision, pursuant to rules adopted
  640  by the board in accordance with s. 466.024 which ensure that the
  641  said assistant is competent by reason of training and experience
  642  to operate the X-ray said equipment in a safe and efficient
  643  manner. The board may charge a fee not to exceed $35 to defray
  644  the cost of verifying compliance with requirements adopted
  645  pursuant to this section.
  646         (10)(8)Notwithstanding The provisions of s. 465.0276
  647  notwithstanding, a dentist need not register with the board or
  648  comply with the continuing education requirements of that
  649  section if the dentist confines her or his dispensing activity
  650  to the dispensing of fluorides and chlorhexidine chlorohexidine
  651  rinse solutions; provided that the dentist complies with and is
  652  subject to all laws and rules applicable to pharmacists and
  653  pharmacies, including, but not limited to, chapters 465, 499,
  654  and 893, and all applicable federal laws and regulations, when
  655  dispensing such products.
  656         (16)(14) As used in subsections (11)-(15) (9)-(13), the
  657  term “adverse incident” means any mortality that occurs during
  658  or as the result of a dental procedure, or an incident that
  659  results in a temporary or permanent physical or mental injury
  660  that requires hospitalization or emergency room treatment of a
  661  dental patient which occurs during or as a direct result of the
  662  use of general anesthesia, deep sedation, moderate sedation,
  663  pediatric moderate sedation, oral sedation, minimal sedation
  664  (anxiolysis), nitrous oxide, or local anesthesia.
  665         Section 12. Subsection (1) of section 466.018, Florida
  666  Statutes, is amended to read:
  667         466.018 Dentist of record; patient records.—
  668         (1) Each patient must shall have a dentist of record. The
  669  dentist of record shall remain primarily responsible for all
  670  dental treatment on such patient regardless of whether the
  671  treatment is rendered by that the dentist or by another dentist,
  672  a dental therapist, a dental hygienist, or a dental assistant
  673  rendering such treatment in conjunction with, at the direction
  674  or request of, or under the supervision of such dentist of
  675  record. The dentist of record must shall be identified in the
  676  record of the patient. If treatment is rendered by a dentist
  677  other than the dentist of record or by a dental hygienist,
  678  dental therapist, or dental assistant, the name or initials of
  679  such person must shall be placed in the record of the patient.
  680  In any disciplinary proceeding brought pursuant to this chapter
  681  or chapter 456, it must shall be presumed as a matter of law
  682  that treatment was rendered by the dentist of record unless
  683  otherwise noted on the patient record pursuant to this section.
  684  The dentist of record and any other treating dentist are subject
  685  to discipline pursuant to this chapter or chapter 456 for
  686  treatment rendered to the patient and performed in violation of
  687  such chapter. One of the purposes of this section is to ensure
  688  that the responsibility for each patient is assigned to one
  689  dentist in a multidentist practice of any nature and to assign
  690  primary responsibility to the dentist for treatment rendered by
  691  a dental hygienist, dental therapist, or dental assistant under
  692  her or his supervision. This section may shall not be construed
  693  to assign any responsibility to a dentist of record for
  694  treatment rendered pursuant to a proper referral to another
  695  dentist who does not in practice with the dentist of record or
  696  to prohibit a patient from voluntarily selecting a new dentist
  697  without permission of the dentist of record.
  698         Section 13. Section 466.0225, Florida Statutes, is created
  699  to read:
  700         466.0225Examination of dental therapists; licensing.—
  701         (1)Any person desiring to be licensed as a dental
  702  therapist must apply to the department to take the licensure
  703  examinations and shall verify the information required on the
  704  application by oath. The application must include two recent
  705  photographs of the applicant.
  706         (2)An applicant is entitled to take the examinations
  707  required under this section and receive licensure to practice
  708  dental therapy in this state if the applicant meets all of the
  709  following criteria:
  710         (a)Is 18 years of age or older.
  711         (b)Is a graduate of a dental therapy college or school
  712  accredited by the American Dental Association Commission on
  713  Dental Accreditation or its successor entity, if any, or any
  714  other dental therapy accrediting entity recognized by the United
  715  States Department of Education. For applicants applying for a
  716  dental therapy license before January 1, 2030, the board must
  717  approve the applicant’s dental therapy education program if the
  718  program was administered by a college or school that operates an
  719  accredited dental or dental hygiene program and the college or
  720  school certifies to the board that the applicant’s education
  721  substantially conformed to the education standards established
  722  by the American Dental Association Commission on Dental
  723  Accreditation or its successor entity.
  724         (c)Has successfully completed a dental therapy practical
  725  or clinical examination produced by the American Board of Dental
  726  Examiners, Inc., (ADEX) or its successor entity, if any, if the
  727  board finds that the successor entity’s examination meets or
  728  exceeds the requirements of this section. If an applicant fails
  729  to pass such an examination after three attempts, the applicant
  730  is not eligible to retake the examination unless the applicant
  731  completes additional education requirements as specified by the
  732  board. If a dental therapy examination has not been established
  733  by ADEX, the board must administer or approve an alternative
  734  examination.
  735         (d)Has not been disciplined by a board, except for
  736  citation offenses or minor violations.
  737         (e)Has not been convicted of or pled nolo contendere to,
  738  regardless of adjudication, any felony or misdemeanor related to
  739  the practice of a health care profession.
  740         (f)Has successfully completed a written examination on the
  741  laws and rules of this state regulating the practice of dental
  742  therapy.
  743         (3)The board shall license an applicant to practice dental
  744  therapy in this state if she or he meets the requirements of
  745  this section and has successfully completed an examination
  746  identified in paragraph (2)(c) in a jurisdiction other than this
  747  state or has successfully completed a comparable examination
  748  administered or approved by the licensing authority in a
  749  jurisdiction other than this state if the board determines that
  750  the other jurisdiction’s examination is substantially similar to
  751  an examination identified in paragraph (2)(c).
  752         Section 14. Section 466.0227, Florida Statutes, is created
  753  to read:
  754         466.0227Dental therapists; scope and area of practice.—
  755         (1)Except as otherwise provided in this chapter, a dental
  756  therapist may perform the dental therapy services specified in
  757  subsection (2) under the general supervision of a dentist if
  758  providing services in a mobile dental unit and under direct
  759  supervision of a dentist in all other service scenarios to the
  760  extent authorized by the supervising dentist and provided within
  761  the terms of a written collaborative management agreement signed
  762  by the dental therapist and the supervising dentist which meets
  763  the requirements of subsection (3).
  764         (2)Dental therapy services include all of the following:
  765         (a)All services, treatments, and competencies identified
  766  by the American Dental Association Commission on Dental
  767  Accreditation in the commission’s Accreditation Standards for
  768  Dental Therapy Education Programs.
  769         (b)The following state-specific services, if the dental
  770  therapist’s education included curriculum content satisfying the
  771  American Dental Association Commission on Dental Accreditation
  772  criteria for state-specific dental therapy services:
  773         1.Evaluating radiographs.
  774         2.Placement of space maintainers.
  775         3.Pulpotomies on primary teeth.
  776         4.Dispensing and administering nonopioid analgesics,
  777  including nitrous oxide, anti-inflammatories, and antibiotics,
  778  as authorized by the supervising dentist and within the
  779  parameters of the collaborative management agreement.
  780         5.Oral evaluation and assessment of dental disease and
  781  formulation of an individualized treatment plan if authorized by
  782  the supervising dentist and subject to any conditions,
  783  limitations, and protocols specified by the supervising dentist
  784  in the collaborative management agreement.
  785         (3)Before performing any of the services authorized in
  786  subsection (2), a dental therapist must enter into a written
  787  collaborative management agreement with a supervising dentist.
  788  The agreement must be signed by the dental therapist and the
  789  supervising dentist and must include all of the following
  790  information:
  791         (a)Practice settings where services may be provided by the
  792  dental therapist and the populations to be served by the dental
  793  therapist.
  794         (b)Any limitations on the services, including telehealth,
  795  which may be provided by the dental therapist, including the
  796  level of supervision required by the supervising dentist.
  797         (c)Age-specific and procedure-specific practice protocols
  798  for the dental therapist, including case-selection criteria,
  799  assessment guidelines, and imaging frequency.
  800         (d)A procedure for creating and maintaining dental records
  801  for the patients who are treated by the dental therapist.
  802         (e)A plan to manage medical emergencies in each practice
  803  setting where the dental therapist provides care.
  804         (f)A quality assurance plan for monitoring care provided
  805  by the dental therapist, including patient care review,
  806  referral, and follow-up and a quality assurance chart review.
  807         (g)Protocols for the dental therapist to administer and
  808  dispense medications, including the specific conditions for
  809  which and circumstances under which the medications may be
  810  dispensed and administered.
  811         (h)Criteria relating to the provision of care by the
  812  dental therapist to patients with specific medical conditions or
  813  complex medication histories, including requirements for
  814  consultation with the supervising dentist before the initiation
  815  of care.
  816         (i)Supervision criteria for dental therapists.
  817         (j)A plan for the provision of clinical resources and
  818  referrals in situations that are beyond the capabilities of the
  819  dental therapist.
  820         (4)A supervising dentist shall determine the number of
  821  hours of practice that a dental therapist must complete under
  822  direct or indirect supervision of the supervising dentist before
  823  the dental therapist may perform any of the services authorized
  824  in subsection (2) under general or direct supervision.
  825         (5)A supervising dentist may restrict or limit the dental
  826  therapist’s practice in the written collaborative management
  827  agreement to be less than the full scope of practice for dental
  828  therapists which is authorized in subsection (2).
  829         (6)A supervising dentist may authorize a dental therapist
  830  to provide dental therapy services to a patient before the
  831  supervising dentist examines or diagnoses the patient if such
  832  authority and related conditions and protocols are established
  833  in a written collaborative management agreement, provided that
  834  the patient must be subsequently referred to a dentist for any
  835  needed additional services that exceed the dental therapist’s
  836  scope of practice or authorization under the collaborative
  837  management agreement.
  838         (7)A supervising dentist must be licensed and practicing
  839  in this state. The supervising dentist is responsible for all
  840  services authorized and performed by the dental therapist
  841  pursuant to the collaborative management agreement and for
  842  providing or arranging follow-up services to be provided by a
  843  dentist for any additional services that exceed the dental
  844  therapist’s scope of practice or authorization under the
  845  collaborative management agreement.
  846         Section 15. Section 466.026, Florida Statutes, is amended
  847  to read:
  848         466.026 Prohibitions; penalties.—
  849         (1) Each of the following acts constitutes a felony of the
  850  third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083,
  851  or s. 775.084:
  852         (a) Practicing dentistry, dental therapy, or dental hygiene
  853  unless the person has an appropriate, active license issued by
  854  the department pursuant to this chapter.
  855         (b) Using or attempting to use a license issued pursuant to
  856  this chapter which license has been suspended or revoked.
  857         (c) Knowingly employing any person to perform duties
  858  outside the scope allowed such person under this chapter or the
  859  rules of the board.
  860         (d) Giving false or forged evidence to the department or
  861  board for the purpose of obtaining a license.
  862         (e) Selling or offering to sell a diploma conferring a
  863  degree from a dental college, or dental hygiene school or
  864  college, or dental therapy school or college, or a license
  865  issued pursuant to this chapter, or procuring such diploma or
  866  license with intent that it will shall be used as evidence of
  867  that which the document stands for, by a person other than the
  868  one upon whom it was conferred or to whom it was granted.
  869         (2) Each of the following acts constitutes a misdemeanor of
  870  the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s.
  871  775.083:
  872         (a) Using the name or title “dentist,” the letters “D.D.S.”
  873  or “D.M.D.”, or any other words, letters, title, or descriptive
  874  matter which in any way represents a person as being able to
  875  diagnose, treat, prescribe, or operate for any disease, pain,
  876  deformity, deficiency, injury, or physical condition of the
  877  teeth or jaws or oral-maxillofacial region unless the person has
  878  an active dentist’s license issued by the department pursuant to
  879  this chapter.
  880         (b) Using the name “dental hygienist” or the initials
  881  “R.D.H.” or otherwise holding herself or himself out as an
  882  actively licensed dental hygienist or implying to any patient or
  883  consumer that she or he is an actively licensed dental hygienist
  884  unless that person has an active dental hygienist’s license
  885  issued by the department pursuant to this chapter.
  886         (c) Using the name “dental therapist” or the initials
  887  “D.T.” or otherwise holding herself or himself out as an
  888  actively licensed dental therapist or implying to any patient or
  889  consumer that she or he is an actively licensed dental therapist
  890  unless that person has an active dental therapist’s license
  891  issued by the department pursuant to this chapter.
  892         (d) Presenting as her or his own the license of another.
  893         (e)(d) Knowingly concealing information relative to
  894  violations of this chapter.
  895         (f)(e) Performing any services as a dental assistant as
  896  defined herein, except in the office of a licensed dentist,
  897  unless authorized by this chapter or by rule of the board.
  898         Section 16. Paragraphs (b), (c), (g), (s), and (t) of
  899  subsection (1) of section 466.028, Florida Statutes, are amended
  900  to read:
  901         466.028 Grounds for disciplinary action; action by the
  902  board.—
  903         (1) The following acts constitute grounds for denial of a
  904  license or disciplinary action, as specified in s. 456.072(2):
  905         (b) Having a license to practice dentistry, dental therapy,
  906  or dental hygiene revoked, suspended, or otherwise acted
  907  against, including the denial of licensure, by the licensing
  908  authority of another state, territory, or country.
  909         (c) Being convicted or found guilty of or entering a plea
  910  of nolo contendere to, regardless of adjudication, a crime in
  911  any jurisdiction which relates to the practice of dentistry,
  912  dental therapy, or dental hygiene. A plea of nolo contendere
  913  creates shall create a rebuttable presumption of guilt to the
  914  underlying criminal charges.
  915         (g) Aiding, assisting, procuring, or advising any
  916  unlicensed person to practice dentistry, dental therapy, or
  917  dental hygiene contrary to this chapter or to a rule of the
  918  department or the board.
  919         (s) Being unable to practice her or his profession with
  920  reasonable skill and safety to patients by reason of illness or
  921  use of alcohol, drugs, narcotics, chemicals, or any other type
  922  of material or as a result of any mental or physical condition.
  923  In enforcing this paragraph, the department shall have, upon a
  924  finding of the State Surgeon General or her or his designee that
  925  probable cause exists to believe that the licensee is unable to
  926  practice dentistry, dental therapy, or dental hygiene because of
  927  the reasons stated in this paragraph, has the authority to issue
  928  an order to compel a licensee to submit to a mental or physical
  929  examination by physicians designated by the department. If the
  930  licensee refuses to comply with such order, the department’s
  931  order directing such examination may be enforced by filing a
  932  petition for enforcement in the circuit court where the licensee
  933  resides or does business. The licensee against whom the petition
  934  is filed may shall not be named or identified by initials in any
  935  public court records or documents, and the proceedings must
  936  shall be closed to the public. The department is shall be
  937  entitled to the summary procedure provided in s. 51.011. A
  938  licensee affected under this paragraph must shall at reasonable
  939  intervals be afforded an opportunity to demonstrate that she or
  940  he can resume the competent practice of her or his profession
  941  with reasonable skill and safety to patients.
  942         (t) Fraud, deceit, or misconduct in the practice of
  943  dentistry, dental therapy, or dental hygiene.
  944         Section 17. Paragraphs (a) and (b) of subsection (1) of
  945  section 466.0285, Florida Statutes, are amended to read:
  946         466.0285 Proprietorship by nondentists.—
  947         (1) No person other than a dentist licensed pursuant to
  948  this chapter, nor any entity other than a professional
  949  corporation or limited liability company composed of dentists,
  950  may:
  951         (a) Employ a dentist, a dental therapist, or a dental
  952  hygienist in the operation of a dental office.
  953         (b) Control the use of any dental equipment or material
  954  while such equipment or material is being used for the provision
  955  of dental services, whether those services are provided by a
  956  dentist, a dental therapist, a dental hygienist, or a dental
  957  assistant.
  958  
  959  Any lease agreement, rental agreement, or other arrangement
  960  between a nondentist and a dentist whereby the nondentist
  961  provides the dentist with dental equipment or dental materials
  962  shall contain a provision whereby the dentist expressly
  963  maintains complete care, custody, and control of the equipment
  964  or practice.
  965         Section 18. The Department of Health, in consultation with
  966  the Board of Dentistry and the Agency for Health Care
  967  Administration, shall submit a progress report to the President
  968  of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives by
  969  July 1, 2028, and a final report 4 years after the first dental
  970  therapy license is issued. The reports must include all of the
  971  following information and recommendations:
  972         (1)The progress that has been made in this state to
  973  implement dental therapy training programs, licensing, and
  974  Medicaid reimbursement.
  975         (2)Data demonstrating the effects of dental therapy in
  976  this state on all of the following:
  977         (a)Patient access to dental services.
  978         (b)Costs to dental providers, patients, dental insurance
  979  carriers, and the state.
  980         (c)The quality and safety of dental services.
  981         (3)Specific recommendations for any necessary legislative,
  982  administrative, or regulatory reform relating to the practice of
  983  dental therapy.
  984         (4)Any other information the department deems appropriate.
  985         Section 19. This act shall take effect July 1, 2025.