Florida Senate - 2026                                    SB 1416
       
       
        
       By Senator Polsky
       
       
       
       
       
       30-00765A-26                                          20261416__
    1                        A bill to be entitled                      
    2         An act relating to elections during emergencies;
    3         creating s. 101.7311, F.S.; requiring that elections,
    4         in the event of an emergency, be conducted in
    5         accordance with specified provisions and carried out
    6         in a certain manner; amending s. 101.732, F.S.;
    7         revising the definition of the term “emergency”;
    8         creating s. 101.7325, F.S.; authorizing supervisors of
    9         elections to request approval from the Secretary of
   10         State to take specified actions under specified
   11         conditions; specifying requirements for such request;
   12         requiring that supervisors submit all such requests at
   13         once, to the extent practicable; authorizing the
   14         submission of revised or additional requests under
   15         specified circumstances; requiring the secretary to
   16         approve or deny requests within a specified timeframe;
   17         requiring the secretary to consider specified factors;
   18         providing that requests are deemed approved under
   19         specified conditions; requiring the secretary to
   20         publish approvals and denials on the Department of
   21         State’s website; requiring the department to maintain
   22         an official record of all requests, approvals, and
   23         denials for public inspection; requiring that such
   24         records be compiled in a certain format; requiring
   25         that such records be used for specified purposes;
   26         authorizing supervisors to take specified actions
   27         under specified circumstances; specifying requirements
   28         for such actions; amending s. 101.733, F.S.; requiring
   29         that notice of a rescheduled election be posted on any
   30         social media account controlled by the supervisor or
   31         the supervisor’s office, on the affected county’s
   32         social media accounts, and a certain newspaper;
   33         requiring that contingency planning and procedures for
   34         elections be implemented in accordance with specified
   35         provisions; deleting provisions requiring the Division
   36         of Elections to adopt rules for an elections emergency
   37         contingency plan; creating s. 101.735, F.S.; requiring
   38         the division to adopt by rule a statewide election
   39         emergency contingency plan; requiring the plan to
   40         include specified procedures; requiring supervisors,
   41         in consultation with local emergency management
   42         officials, to develop a local election emergency
   43         contingency plan and submit such plan to the division
   44         for approval by a specified date; requiring the
   45         division to determine the sufficiency of such plan by
   46         a specified date; requiring a supervisor to submit a
   47         revised plan within a specified timeframe, under a
   48         specified condition; providing criteria for
   49         determining sufficiency; requiring that such plans be
   50         implemented in conjunction with specified provisions
   51         to ensure coordination of emergency powers and
   52         availability of equipment; creating s. 101.736, F.S.;
   53         defining the term “tabletop exercise”; requiring the
   54         secretary, in coordination with the supervisors, to
   55         develop an election emergency training program;
   56         providing that the training program is required for
   57         newly elected or appointed supervisors and critical
   58         staff, as determined by the supervisor; requiring the
   59         secretary to update such training periodically;
   60         requiring the secretary to convene a workgroup by a
   61         specified date to create a certain list; specifying
   62         requirements for the workgroup; requiring the
   63         secretary to use the list for specified actions;
   64         creating s. 101.738, F.S.; requiring the division to
   65         maintain a secure strategic election equipment reserve
   66         for specified purposes; specifying requirements for
   67         such reserve; authorizing the division, in lieu of a
   68         reserve, to contract with certified vendors to provide
   69         such equipment; specifying requirements for such
   70         contract; requiring the division to submit an annual
   71         report to the Governor and the Legislature by a
   72         specified date; specifying requirements for the
   73         report; amending s. 101.74, F.S.; revising the
   74         criteria that a supervisor of elections uses to
   75         establish an additional polling place under specified
   76         circumstances; authorizing qualified electors of the
   77         affected precinct to vote in the new location;
   78         requiring the supervisor to provide notice of the
   79         temporary polling place through specified means;
   80         authorizing supervisors to coordinate with emergency
   81         management officials; providing construction;
   82         providing an effective date.
   83          
   84  Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Florida:
   85  
   86         Section 1. Section 101.7311, Florida Statutes, is created
   87  to read:
   88         101.7311 Application of Elections Emergency Act.—In the
   89  event of an emergency, elections must be conducted in accordance
   90  with the Elections Emergency Act which governs the suspension,
   91  delay, rescheduling, contingency planning, and deployment of
   92  election equipment necessary to ensure a safe and orderly
   93  election. These provisions must be carried out in a manner that
   94  upholds the integrity of elections administration, fosters trust
   95  in elections, and secures the maximum possible participation of
   96  eligible voters.
   97         Section 2. Subsection (3) of section 101.732, Florida
   98  Statutes, is amended to read:
   99         101.732 Definitions relating to Elections Emergency Act.—As
  100  used in ss. 101.731-101.74:
  101         (3) “Emergency” means any occurrence, or threat thereof,
  102  whether accidental, natural, or caused by human beings, in war
  103  or in peace, that results or may result in substantial injury or
  104  harm to the population or substantial damage to or loss of
  105  property to the extent it will prohibit an election officer’s
  106  ability to conduct a safe and orderly election or impair the
  107  ability of voters to safely and accessibly cast their ballot in
  108  accordance with state and federal requirements ensuring equal
  109  opportunity for all eligible voters.
  110         Section 3. Section 101.7325, Florida Statutes, is created
  111  to read:
  112         101.7325 Election emergency.—
  113         (1)If the Governor declares a state of emergency pursuant
  114  to s. 252.36 less than 60 days before an election, the
  115  supervisor of a county included in the state of emergency
  116  declaration may request approval from the Secretary of State to
  117  take any of the following actions necessary while the emergency
  118  declaration continues to include the county as an affected area:
  119         (a)Notwithstanding s. 101.657(1)(d), allow early voting to
  120  occur the day before an election.
  121         (b)Notwithstanding ss. 101.657 and 101.71, allow election
  122  day voting at early voting sites. The request must set forth
  123  sufficient facts to establish that a sufficient number of
  124  designated early voting sites, or sites that may be designated
  125  under subsection (3) are unavailable due to the emergency. For
  126  purposes of this paragraph, reasons that a polling place may be
  127  unavailable include, but are not limited to, the polling place
  128  no longer being safe for occupancy, the polling place being
  129  located in an area that is currently dangerous or difficult to
  130  travel to and from, or the polling place lacking adequate
  131  utilities. An early voting site designated as a polling place
  132  under this paragraph must, to the maximum extent practicable, be
  133  geographically located so as to provide all voters in the area
  134  with an equal opportunity to cast a ballot.
  135         (c)Notwithstanding the designation deadline in s.
  136  101.69(2)(b), designate additional secure ballot intake
  137  stations. The request must identify the locations of the
  138  additional secure ballot intake stations.
  139         (d)Notwithstanding s. 102.012(2), appoint inspectors and
  140  clerks who are registered qualified electors of this state but
  141  who are not registered qualified electors of the applicable
  142  county.
  143         (2)Each supervisor who submits a request pursuant to
  144  subsection (1) shall, to the extent practicable, submit all such
  145  requests at once. A supervisor may submit revised or additional
  146  requests if the emergency situation in his or her affected
  147  county changes. The Secretary of State shall approve or deny the
  148  requests in writing within 36 hours after receipt. In deciding
  149  whether to approve the requests, the Secretary of State shall
  150  consider the severity of the natural emergency, the damage to
  151  the impacted area, the extent of voter displacement, whether
  152  voters in an affected area have an equal opportunity to cast a
  153  ballot, and any factor that could impede voter access or
  154  transport to polling places, early voting sites, or supervisor
  155  offices. If the Secretary of State fails to approve or deny a
  156  request within the 36-hour period, the request is deemed
  157  approved. The Secretary of State shall publish each approval and
  158  denial on the department’s website as soon as practicable. The
  159  department shall maintain an official record of all requests
  160  submitted under subsection (1), together with all approvals and
  161  denials, for public inspection pursuant to chapter 119 and shall
  162  compile such records in a format that facilitates review and
  163  analysis to strengthen future contingency planning and the
  164  development of best practices in election administration. Such
  165  records must also be used to inform the election emergency
  166  training program and best practices workgroup required under s.
  167  101.736.
  168         (3)If the Governor declares a state of emergency pursuant
  169  to s. 252.36 less than 60 days before an election, the
  170  supervisor of a county included in the state of emergency
  171  declaration may take any of the following actions necessary
  172  while the emergency declaration continues to include the county
  173  as an affected area, upon provision of notice to the Secretary
  174  of State:
  175         (a)Notwithstanding the designation deadline in s.
  176  101.657(1)(b), change the location of designated early voting
  177  sites. The notice must identify the new address of each early
  178  voting site and the hours during which early voting will occur
  179  at each site.
  180         (b)Notwithstanding the early voting site locations
  181  specifically authorized in s. 101.657(1), designate early voting
  182  sites at other locations in areas of the county where eligible
  183  early voting locations are unavailable. The notice must set
  184  forth sufficient facts to establish that a sufficient number of
  185  early voting sites that were designated or that may be
  186  designated under paragraph (a) are unavailable due to the
  187  emergency. For purposes of this paragraph, reasons that an early
  188  voting site may be unavailable include, but are not limited to,
  189  the site no longer being safe for occupancy, the site being
  190  located in an area that is currently dangerous or difficult to
  191  travel to and from, or the site lacking adequate utilities. An
  192  early voting site designated under this paragraph must, to the
  193  maximum extent practicable, be geographically located so as to
  194  provide all voters in the area with an equal opportunity to cast
  195  a ballot.
  196         (c)If the supervisor determines that a poll worker
  197  shortage exists, appoint poll workers who have not met the
  198  training requirements in s. 102.014. However, such poll workers
  199  must have received the required training within the previous 2
  200  years.
  201         (d)Send a vote-by-mail ballot to a voter who has requested
  202  such ballot:
  203         1.By forwardable mail or to an address other than the
  204  address listed for the voter in the statewide voter registration
  205  system.
  206         2.Notwithstanding s. 101.62(1)(a) and (b), without the
  207  voter’s written request or if a written request is not signed.
  208         3.Notwithstanding s. 101.62(3)(c), as soon as practicable.
  209         Section 4. Section 101.733, Florida Statutes, is amended to
  210  read:
  211         101.733 Emergency suspension or delay of an election
  212  emergency; purpose; elections emergency contingency plan.
  213  Because of the existing and continuing possibility of an
  214  emergency or common disaster occurring before or during a
  215  regularly scheduled or special election, and in order to ensure
  216  maximum citizen participation in the electoral process and
  217  provide a safe and orderly procedure for persons seeking to
  218  exercise their right to vote, generally to minimize to whatever
  219  degree possible a person’s exposure to danger during declared
  220  states of emergency, and to protect the integrity of the
  221  electoral process, it is hereby found and declared to be
  222  necessary to designate a procedure for the emergency suspension
  223  or delay and rescheduling of elections.
  224         (1) The Governor may, upon issuance of an executive order
  225  declaring a state of emergency or impending emergency, suspend
  226  or delay any election. The Governor may take such action
  227  independently or at the request of the Secretary of State, a
  228  supervisor of elections from a county affected by the emergency
  229  circumstances, or a municipal clerk from a municipality affected
  230  by the emergency circumstances.
  231         (2) The Governor, upon consultation with the Secretary of
  232  State, shall reschedule any election suspended or delayed due to
  233  an emergency. The election shall be held within 10 days after
  234  the date of the suspended or delayed election or as soon
  235  thereafter as is practicable. Notice of the election must be
  236  published on the affected county’s website as provided in s.
  237  50.0311, on the affected supervisor’s website, on any official
  238  social media account controlled by the supervisor or the
  239  supervisor’s office, on the affected county’s official social
  240  media accounts, and or at least once in a newspaper of general
  241  circulation in the affected area and, where practicable,
  242  broadcast as a public service announcement on radio and
  243  television stations at least 1 week before the date the election
  244  is to be held. Contingency planning and procedures for elections
  245  suspended or delayed under this section must be implemented in
  246  accordance with s. 101.735.
  247         (3) The Division of Elections of the Department of State
  248  shall adopt, by rule, an elections emergency contingency plan,
  249  which shall contain goals and policies that give specific
  250  direction to state and local elections officials when an
  251  election has been suspended or delayed due to an emergency. The
  252  contingency plan shall be statewide in scope and shall address,
  253  but not be limited to, the following concerns:
  254         (a) Providing a procedure for state and local elections
  255  officials to follow when an election has been suspended or
  256  delayed to ensure notice of the suspension or delay to the
  257  proper authorities, the electorate, the communications media,
  258  poll workers, and the custodians of polling places.
  259         (b) Providing a procedure for the orderly conduct of a
  260  rescheduled election, whether municipal, county, district, or
  261  statewide in scope; coordinating those efforts with the
  262  appropriate elections official, and the members of the governing
  263  body holding such election, if appropriate; and working with the
  264  appropriate emergency management officials in determining the
  265  safety of existing polling places or designating additional
  266  polling places.
  267         (c) Providing a procedure for the release and certification
  268  of election returns to the department for elections suspended or
  269  delayed and subsequently rescheduled under the provisions of ss.
  270  101.731-101.74.
  271         Section 5. Section 101.735, Florida Statutes, is created to
  272  read:
  273         101.735 Election emergency contingency plans.—
  274         (1)The division shall adopt by rule a statewide election
  275  emergency contingency plan to provide specific direction in the
  276  event that an emergency occurs preceding or during an election.
  277  At a minimum, the contingency plan must include procedures to
  278  accomplish all of the following:
  279         (a)Ensure that necessary parties are notified of any
  280  changes impacting an election that has been suspended, delayed,
  281  rescheduled, or otherwise affected by an emergency. As used in
  282  this paragraph, the term “necessary parties” includes proper
  283  authorities, the electorate, the media, poll workers, and
  284  polling place custodians.
  285         (b)Ensure that an election that has been suspended,
  286  delayed, rescheduled, or otherwise affected by an emergency is
  287  conducted in a safe and orderly manner and include a plan to
  288  coordinate the actions of the division, supervisors, county
  289  canvassing boards and, if appropriate, members of the governing
  290  body holding such election.
  291         (c)Assess the safety and accessibility of existing polling
  292  places and, when necessary, designate additional polling places
  293  in coordination with emergency management officials.
  294         (d)Release and certify returns to the division for
  295  elections suspended, delayed, rescheduled, or otherwise affected
  296  by an emergency.
  297         (e)Coordinate efforts between supervisors in affected and
  298  unaffected counties to ensure voting opportunities for affected
  299  voters, including ensuring the delivery of vote-by-mail ballots
  300  to law enforcement officers, military personnel, first
  301  responders, and utility line workers.
  302         (2)Each supervisor, in consultation with local emergency
  303  management officials, shall develop a local election emergency
  304  contingency plan. The plan must be submitted to the division for
  305  approval by May 1 of every odd-numbered year. By May 30 of every
  306  odd-numbered year, the division shall determine whether the plan
  307  is sufficient under standard criteria adopted by rule. A
  308  supervisor whose plan is deemed insufficient must submit a
  309  revised plan within 30 days after notification. The criteria for
  310  determining sufficiency must include minimum requirements for
  311  postdisaster assessments, including community consultation to
  312  evaluate the extent of impact on voter access.
  313         (3)Contingency plans developed under this section must be
  314  implemented in conjunction with ss. 101.733 and 101.738 to
  315  ensure coordination of emergency powers and the availability of
  316  necessary election equipment.
  317         Section 6. Section 101.736, Florida Statutes, is created to
  318  read:
  319         101.736 Election emergency training; best practices.—
  320         (1)As used in this section, the term “tabletop exercise”
  321  means a session in which participants are guided through
  322  possible scenarios and discuss their roles and responsibilities
  323  if such a scenario occurs, as well as how they would respond to
  324  such a scenario.
  325         (2)The Secretary of State, in coordination with
  326  supervisors, shall develop an election emergency training
  327  program. The training program is required for newly elected or
  328  appointed supervisors and any critical staff, as determined by a
  329  supervisor. The Secretary of State shall update such training at
  330  least once every 4 years.
  331         (3)By June 1 of every odd-numbered year, the Secretary of
  332  State shall convene a workgroup to create a list of best
  333  practices for conducting an election during or after an
  334  emergency. In developing the list, the workgroup must review the
  335  official records of requests, approvals, and denials maintained
  336  under s. 101.7325(2) to identify lessons learned and
  337  opportunities for improvement. The workgroup must:
  338         (a)Include at least 10 current supervisors of elections;
  339  and
  340         (b)Participate in tabletop exercises involving election
  341  emergencies.
  342         (4)Using the list created under subsection (3), the
  343  Secretary of State shall:
  344         (a)Incorporate practices applicable to all counties into
  345  the statewide election emergency contingency plan under s.
  346  101.735(1).
  347         (b)Recommend practices applicable to specific counties to
  348  the applicable supervisor for inclusion in the supervisor’s
  349  local election emergency contingency plan under s. 101.735(2).
  350         Section 7. Section 101.738, Florida Statutes, is created to
  351  read:
  352         101.738 Strategic elections equipment reserve.—
  353         (1)The division shall maintain a secure strategic election
  354  equipment reserve that may be deployed in the event of an
  355  emergency or in the event of capacity issues due to unexpected
  356  voter turnout.
  357         (2)At a minimum, the reserve must include ballot marking
  358  devices, scanners, tabulation equipment, ballot-on-demand
  359  printers, paper required for voting machines and printers,
  360  accessible voting equipment, electronic poll books,
  361  uninterruptible power supplies, generators, cabling, and power
  362  cords and may also include other related equipment necessary to
  363  ensure continuity of elections, consistent with the voting
  364  systems certified for use by each supervisor of elections.
  365         (3)In lieu of maintaining a physical reserve of such
  366  equipment, the division may contract with one or more certified
  367  vendors of voting systems to provide such equipment on an as
  368  needed basis. Any such contract must include all of the
  369  following:
  370         (a)A guaranteed delivery timeframe no later than 24 hours
  371  after a request by a supervisor of elections, the division, or
  372  the department.
  373         (b)Requirements for secure transportation, installation,
  374  and removal of equipment.
  375         (c)Maintenance of secure custody and detailed chain of
  376  custody records for all equipment, consistent with s. 101.015
  377  and related administrative rules, including documentation of
  378  each transfer, installation, and removal and compliance with
  379  applicable state cybersecurity and physical security standards.
  380         (4)The division shall submit an annual report by February
  381  1 to the Governor, the President of the Senate, and the Speaker
  382  of the House of Representatives which includes all of the
  383  following:
  384         (a)The current inventory of equipment held in reserve or
  385  available by vendor contract.
  386         (b)A list of all deployments of equipment under this
  387  section during the prior calendar year, including the reason for
  388  deployment, response time, and associated costs.
  389         (c)Recommendations for improvement to ensure readiness for
  390  future elections.
  391         Section 8. Section 101.74, Florida Statutes, is amended to
  392  read:
  393         101.74 Temporary change of polling place in case of
  394  emergency.—In case of an emergency existing in any precinct at
  395  the time of the holding of any election, the supervisor of
  396  elections may establish, at any safe, accessible, and convenient
  397  point outside such precinct, an additional polling place for the
  398  electors of that precinct, in which place the qualified electors
  399  may vote. The qualified electors of the affected precinct may
  400  vote at such location, and the registration books of the
  401  affected precinct shall be applicable to, and shall be used at,
  402  the polling place so established. The supervisor shall provide
  403  notice of the temporary polling place change through signage at
  404  the original site, the supervisor’s website and related social
  405  media accounts, and other reasonable means, such as signage at
  406  nearby emergency shelters or temporary housing locations, to
  407  inform affected voters. In exercising this authority, the
  408  supervisors of elections may coordinate with emergency
  409  management officials under s. 101.735 or apply relevant best
  410  practices developed under s. 101.736, but such coordination is
  411  not a prerequisite to action under this section.
  412         Section 9. This act shall take effect July 1, 2026.