Florida Senate - 2026                                    SB 1436
       
       
        
       By Senator Harrell
       
       
       
       
       
       31-01079A-26                                          20261436__
    1                        A bill to be entitled                      
    2         An act relating to grand jury testimony and materials;
    3         amending s. 905.27, F.S.; defining terms; authorizing
    4         a court to disclose certain grand jury testimony and
    5         materials in certain circumstances to further justice;
    6         creating s. 905.275, F.S.; requiring the clerk of
    7         court to take possession of and preserve certain grand
    8         jury materials; prohibiting a person from disposing of
    9         or destroying such materials; defining the term
   10         “materials”; requiring the clerk of court to maintain
   11         a certain chain of custody list for such materials
   12         during a grand jury proceeding in a specified manner;
   13         providing that a redacted version of such list is a
   14         public record; requiring the clerk of court to store
   15         and provide access to such materials in a specified
   16         manner; requiring the clerk to prohibit certain
   17         persons from accessing or viewing such materials;
   18         requiring the clerk to retain the chain of custody
   19         list in a specified place and that such list document
   20         specified information; requiring the state attorney
   21         and his or her employees to preserve certain grand
   22         jury materials; requiring the preserved materials to
   23         be retained for a certain period of time; providing an
   24         exception; requiring the Office of the State Courts
   25         Administrator to adopt certain rules; authorizing the
   26         Office of the State Courts Administrator to perform
   27         inspections for certain purposes; requiring the
   28         disclosure of and provision of access to certain
   29         materials upon a court order; prohibiting a person
   30         from intentionally destroying or altering grand jury
   31         materials; providing criminal penalties; requiring the
   32         Department of Law Enforcement to investigate alleged
   33         violations of specified preservation requirements;
   34         providing an effective date.
   35  
   36         WHEREAS, this state has a precedent for unsealing historic
   37  grand jury records in cases of injustice, including through the
   38  procedures described in chapter 2024-7, Laws of Florida, and
   39         WHEREAS, survivors of sexual abuse exploitation, capital
   40  crimes, and other victimization are entitled to transparency,
   41  accountability, and protection, and
   42         WHEREAS, the review of grand jury proceedings in cases
   43  pertaining to sexual abuse and capital crimes for potential
   44  investigative or prosecutorial failures or other injustices may
   45  improve the public’s trust in the courts of this state, NOW,
   46  THEREFORE,
   47  
   48  Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Florida:
   49  
   50         Section 1. Section 905.27, Florida Statutes, is amended to
   51  read:
   52         905.27 Testimony and materials not to be disclosed;
   53  exceptions.—
   54         (1)As used in this section, the term:
   55         (a)“Immediate family member” has the same meaning as in s.
   56  252.515(3).
   57         (b)“Sexual abuse” means an act of a sexual nature or
   58  sexual act that may be prosecuted under any law of this state.
   59         (c)“Survivor” means a victim of an alleged crime of sexual
   60  abuse or a capital crime who provided testimony, evidence, or
   61  statements in connection with a grand jury proceeding relating
   62  to such alleged crime. The term includes a victim of an alleged
   63  crime of sexual abuse or a capital crime who was interviewed by
   64  an investigator or prosecutor in preparation for a grand jury
   65  proceeding even if the victim was not called to testify in the
   66  proceeding.
   67         (2)(1) Persons present or appearing during a grand jury
   68  proceeding, including a grand juror, a state attorney, an
   69  assistant state attorney, a reporter, a stenographer, or an
   70  interpreter, as well as the custodian of a grand jury record,
   71  may not disclose the testimony of a witness examined before the
   72  grand jury, or other evidence received by it, or materials
   73  preserved pursuant to s. 905.275(2) except when required by a
   74  court to disclose the testimony or materials for the purpose of:
   75         (a) Ascertaining whether testimony it is consistent with
   76  the testimony given by the witness before the court;
   77         (b) Determining whether the witness is guilty of perjury;
   78  or
   79         (c) Furthering justice, which can encompass furthering a
   80  public interest when the disclosure is requested pursuant to
   81  paragraph (3)(c) or (d) (2)(c).
   82         (3)(2) It is unlawful for any person knowingly to publish,
   83  broadcast, disclose, divulge, or communicate to any other
   84  person, or knowingly to cause or permit to be published,
   85  broadcast, disclosed, divulged, or communicated to any other
   86  person, in any manner whatsoever, any testimony of a witness
   87  examined before the grand jury or any materials preserved
   88  pursuant to s. 905.275(2), or the content, gist, or import
   89  thereof, except when such testimony or materials are or have is
   90  or has been disclosed in any of the following circumstances:
   91         (a) When a court orders the disclosure of such testimony
   92  pursuant to subsection (2) (1) for use in a criminal case, it
   93  may be disclosed to the prosecuting attorney of the court in
   94  which such criminal case is pending, and by the prosecuting
   95  attorney to his or her assistants, legal associates, and
   96  employees, and to the defendant and the defendant’s attorney,
   97  and by the latter to his or her legal associates and employees.
   98  However, the grand jury testimony afforded such persons by the
   99  court can only be used in the defense or prosecution of the
  100  criminal case and for no other purpose.
  101         (b) When a court orders the disclosure of such testimony
  102  pursuant to subsection (2) (1) for use in a civil case, it may
  103  be disclosed to all parties to the case and to their attorneys
  104  and by the latter to their legal associates and employees.
  105  However, the grand jury testimony afforded such persons by the
  106  court can only be used in the defense or prosecution of the
  107  civil case and for no other purpose.
  108         (c) When a court orders the disclosure of such testimony or
  109  materials pursuant to subsection (2) (1) in response to a
  110  request by the media or an interested person, regardless of
  111  whether that purpose is for use in a criminal or civil case, it
  112  may be disclosed so long as the subject of the grand jury
  113  inquiry is deceased, the grand jury inquiry related to criminal
  114  or sexual activity between the subject of the grand jury
  115  investigation and a person who was a minor at the time of the
  116  alleged criminal or sexual activity, the testimony or materials
  117  were was previously disclosed by a court order, and the state
  118  attorney is provided notice of the request. This paragraph does
  119  not limit the court’s ability to limit the disclosure of
  120  testimony or materials, including, but not limited to,
  121  redaction.
  122         (d)When a court orders the disclosure of such testimony or
  123  materials pursuant to subsection (2) in response to a request by
  124  a survivor or an immediate family member of a survivor,
  125  regardless of whether that purpose is for use in a criminal or
  126  civil case, the testimony or materials may be disclosed so long
  127  as the subject of the grand jury inquiry is deceased and the
  128  state attorney is provided notice of the request. This paragraph
  129  does not limit the court’s ability to limit the disclosure of
  130  testimony or materials, including, but not limited to,
  131  redaction.
  132         (4)(3) This section does not affect the attorney-client
  133  relationship. A client has the right to communicate to his or
  134  her attorney any testimony given by the client to the grand
  135  jury, any matters involving the client discussed in the client’s
  136  presence before the grand jury, and any evidence involving the
  137  client received by or proffered to the grand jury in the
  138  client’s presence.
  139         (5)(4) A person who violates this section commits a
  140  misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s.
  141  775.083, or by fine not exceeding $5,000, or both.
  142         (6)(5) A violation of this section constitutes criminal
  143  contempt of court.
  144         Section 2. Section 905.275, Florida Statutes, is created to
  145  read:
  146         905.275Preservation of grand jury materials.—
  147         (1)The clerk of court shall take possession of and
  148  preserve all materials presented or created during a grand jury
  149  proceeding. A person may not dispose of or destroy such
  150  materials.
  151         (2)For purposes of this section, the term “materials”
  152  includes all of the following:
  153         (a)Digital recordings.
  154         (b)Audio and video materials.
  155         (c)Paper records produced by members of the grand jury,
  156  witnesses, and the court.
  157         (d)Any computer; hard drive; electronic storage device or
  158  digital recording medium, including, but not limited to,
  159  outdated media such as compact discs, DVDs, and floppy discs;
  160  and electronic devices from which evidence is recovered during
  161  an investigation that leads to a grand jury proceeding.
  162         (e)Subpoenas.
  163         (f)Any other materials, documents, storage devices, media,
  164  and data associated with a grand jury proceeding.
  165  
  166  The term “materials” does not include internal state attorney
  167  work product, legal memoranda, or investigative intelligence not
  168  presented to the grand jury or entered into the record.
  169         (3)The clerk of court shall:
  170         (a)Maintain a chain of custody list for grand jury
  171  materials during each grand jury proceeding and restrict access
  172  to such list. Such list must include the name of any person who
  173  accesses the materials, the materials the person accessed, and
  174  the time and date that the person accessed the materials. A
  175  redacted version of the chain of custody document is a public
  176  record.
  177         (b)Store all grand jury related materials that are in his
  178  or her possession in secured, sealed containers and keep such
  179  containers in a secure location in the courthouse that is free
  180  from mold, water, dust, and other storage hazards.
  181         (c)Prohibit unauthorized persons, such as maintenance
  182  personnel, visitors, and staff who are not employees of the
  183  clerk of court, from accessing or viewing the stored materials.
  184         (d)Retain the chain of custody list outside the place in
  185  which grand jury materials are stored which documents all of the
  186  following:
  187         1.The name of any person who accesses the materials.
  188         2.The materials the person accessed.
  189         3.The time and date the person accessed the materials.
  190         (4)If the state attorney or any of his or her employees
  191  possesses any of the materials described in subsection (2) which
  192  were not presented to the grand jury or were not otherwise made
  193  part of the court record, he or she shall preserve such
  194  materials.
  195         (5)All materials preserved pursuant to this section must
  196  be retained for 50 years after any criminal proceedings
  197  associated with such materials have concluded unless a court
  198  orders otherwise.
  199         (6)The Office of the State Courts Administrator shall
  200  adopt uniform statewide rules for retention, management, and
  201  storage of grand jury materials to ensure consistency and reduce
  202  burdens on clerks of court. The Office of the State Courts
  203  Administrator may perform inspections to confirm that clerks of
  204  court are in compliance with this section.
  205         (7)A person or entity who possesses or stores any grand
  206  jury materials as described in this section shall disclose and
  207  provide access to such materials upon a court order pursuant to
  208  s. 905.27.
  209         (8)Any person who intentionally destroys or alters any of
  210  the materials described in subsection (2) commits a felony of
  211  the third degree, as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s.
  212  775.084. The Department of Law Enforcement shall investigate
  213  alleged violations of the preservation requirements in this
  214  section.
  215         Section 3. This act shall take effect July 1, 2026.