Florida Senate - 2026                                    SB 1704
       
       
        
       By Senator Yarborough
       
       
       
       
       
       4-01541-26                                            20261704__
    1                        A bill to be entitled                      
    2         An act relating to charter school funding; amending s.
    3         1002.33, F.S.; providing local funding sources for
    4         certain charter schools; prohibiting a district school
    5         board from delaying specified payments to a charter
    6         school; providing that certain charter school
    7         facilities are exempt from assessments and fees;
    8         requiring certain funds to remain with a conversion
    9         school; deleting a requirement for a charter school
   10         system’s governing board to be designated as a local
   11         educational agency; providing an exception for certain
   12         landlords and other persons and entities to be members
   13         of a charter school governing board under certain
   14         circumstances; amending s. 1013.62, F.S.; revising
   15         requirements for a charter school to be eligible to
   16         receive capital outlay funding; revising the
   17         calculation methodology to determine a capital outlay
   18         allocation to a charter school; revising authorized
   19         uses of charter school capital outlay funds; providing
   20         an effective date.
   21          
   22  Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Florida:
   23  
   24         Section 1. Paragraphs (b) and (e) of subsection (17),
   25  paragraphs (d) and (e) of subsection (18), paragraph (a) of
   26  subsection (25), and paragraph (d) of subsection (26) of section
   27  1002.33, Florida Statutes, are amended to read:
   28         1002.33 Charter schools.—
   29         (17) FUNDING.—Students enrolled in a charter school,
   30  regardless of the sponsorship, shall be funded based upon the
   31  applicable program pursuant to s. 1011.62(1)(c), the same as
   32  students enrolled in other public schools in a school district.
   33  Funding for a charter lab school shall be as provided in s.
   34  1002.32.
   35         (b)1. Funding for students enrolled in a charter school
   36  sponsored by a school district shall be the sum of the school
   37  district’s operating funds from the Florida Education Finance
   38  Program as defined in s. 1011.61(4) and the General
   39  Appropriations Act, including gross state and local funds, and
   40  funds from the school district’s current operating discretionary
   41  millage levy authorized under s. 1011.71(1) and (9); divided by
   42  total funded weighted full-time equivalent students in the
   43  school district; and multiplied by the weighted full-time
   44  equivalent students for the charter school. Charter schools
   45  whose students or programs meet the eligibility criteria in law
   46  are entitled to their proportionate share of categorical program
   47  funds included in the total funds available in the Florida
   48  Education Finance Program by the Legislature, including the
   49  student transportation allocation and the educational enrichment
   50  allocation. Total funding for each charter school shall be
   51  recalculated during the year to reflect the revised calculations
   52  under the Florida Education Finance Program by the state and the
   53  actual weighted full-time equivalent students reported by the
   54  charter school during the full-time equivalent student survey
   55  periods designated by the Commissioner of Education. For charter
   56  schools operated by a not-for-profit or municipal entity, any
   57  unrestricted current and capital assets identified in the
   58  charter school’s annual financial audit may be used for other
   59  charter schools operated by the not-for-profit or municipal
   60  entity within the school district. For charter schools operated
   61  by a not-for-profit entity, any unrestricted current or capital
   62  assets identified in the charter school’s annual audit may be
   63  used for other charter schools operated by the not-for-profit
   64  entity which are located outside of the originating charter
   65  school’s school district, but within the state, through an
   66  unforgivable loan that must be repaid within 5 years to the
   67  originating charter school by the receiving charter school.
   68  Unrestricted current assets shall be used in accordance with s.
   69  1011.62, and any unrestricted capital assets shall be used in
   70  accordance with s. 1013.62(2).
   71         2.a. Funding for students enrolled in a charter school
   72  sponsored by a state university or Florida College System
   73  institution pursuant to paragraph (5)(a) shall be provided in
   74  the Florida Education Finance Program as defined in s.
   75  1011.61(4) and as specified in the General Appropriations Act.
   76  The calculation to determine the amount of state funds includes
   77  the sum of the base Florida Education Finance Program
   78  established in s. 1011.62(1)(n), the discretionary millage
   79  compression supplement established in s. 1011.62(5), and the
   80  state-funded discretionary contribution established in s.
   81  1011.62(6). Charter schools whose students or programs meet the
   82  eligibility criteria in law are entitled to their proportionate
   83  share of categorical program funds included in the total funds
   84  available in the Florida Education Finance Program. The Florida
   85  College System institution or state university sponsoring the
   86  charter school shall be the fiscal agent for these funds, and
   87  all rules of the institution governing the budgeting and
   88  expenditure of state funds shall apply to these funds unless
   89  otherwise provided by law or rule of the State Board of
   90  Education.
   91         (I) The nonvoted required local millage established
   92  pursuant to s. 1011.71(1) that would otherwise be required for
   93  the charter schools shall be allocated from state funds.
   94         (II) An equivalent amount of funds for the operating
   95  discretionary millage authorized pursuant to s. 1011.71(1) shall
   96  be allocated to each charter school through a state-funded
   97  discretionary contribution established pursuant to s.
   98  1011.62(6).
   99         (III) The comparable wage factor as provided in s.
  100  1011.62(2) shall be established as 1.000.
  101         b. Total funding for each charter school shall be
  102  recalculated during the year to reflect the revised calculations
  103  under the Florida Education Finance Program by the state and the
  104  actual weighted full-time equivalent students reported by the
  105  charter school during the full-time equivalent student survey
  106  periods designated by the Commissioner of Education.
  107         c. The Department of Education shall develop a tool that
  108  each state university or Florida College System institution
  109  sponsoring a charter school shall use for purposes of
  110  calculating the funding amount for each eligible charter school
  111  student. The total amount obtained from the calculation must be
  112  appropriated from state funds in the General Appropriations Act
  113  to the charter school.
  114         d. Capital outlay funding for a charter school sponsored by
  115  a state university or Florida College System institution
  116  pursuant to paragraph (5)(a) is determined as follows: multiply
  117  the maximum allowable nonvoted discretionary millage under s.
  118  1011.71(2) by 96 percent of the current year’s taxable value for
  119  school purposes for the district in which the charter school is
  120  located; divide the result by the total full-time equivalent
  121  student membership; and multiply the result by the full-time
  122  equivalent student membership of the charter school. The amount
  123  obtained shall be the discretionary capital improvement funds
  124  and shall be appropriated from state funds in the General
  125  Appropriations Act.
  126         (e) Sponsors shall make timely and efficient payment and
  127  reimbursement to charter schools, including processing paperwork
  128  required to access special state and federal funding for which
  129  they may be eligible, including the timely review and
  130  reimbursement of federal grant funds. Payments of funds under
  131  paragraph (b) shall be made monthly or twice a month, beginning
  132  with the start of the sponsor’s fiscal year. Each payment shall
  133  be one-twelfth, or one twenty-fourth, as applicable, of the
  134  total state and local funds described in paragraph (b) and
  135  adjusted as set forth therein. For the first 2 years of a
  136  charter school’s operation, if a minimum of 75 percent of the
  137  projected enrollment is entered into the sponsor’s student
  138  information system by the first day of the current month, the
  139  sponsor shall distribute funds to the school for the months of
  140  July through October based on the projected full-time equivalent
  141  student membership of the charter school as submitted in the
  142  approved application. If less than 75 percent of the projected
  143  enrollment is entered into the sponsor’s student information
  144  system by the first day of the current month, the sponsor shall
  145  base payments on the actual number of student enrollment entered
  146  into the sponsor’s student information system. Thereafter, the
  147  results of full-time equivalent student membership surveys shall
  148  be used in adjusting the amount of funds distributed monthly to
  149  the charter school for the remainder of the fiscal year. The
  150  payments shall be issued no later than 10 working days after the
  151  sponsor receives a distribution of state or federal funds or the
  152  date the payment is due pursuant to this subsection. With
  153  respect to federal grant funds submitted for reimbursement, the
  154  sponsor shall have 60 calendar days from the date of the
  155  submission to reimburse the charter school if the submission
  156  provides all the necessary information to qualify for
  157  reimbursement. If a warrant for payment is not issued within 10
  158  working days after receipt of funding by the sponsor or within
  159  60 calendar days after an approved submittal for reimbursement
  160  of federal grant funds, the sponsor shall pay to the charter
  161  school, in addition to the amount of the scheduled disbursement,
  162  interest at a rate of 1 percent per month calculated on a daily
  163  basis on the unpaid balance from the expiration of the 10
  164  working days or 60 calendar days for the reimbursement of
  165  federal grant funds, until such time as the warrant is issued.
  166  The district school board may not delay payment to a charter
  167  school of any portion of the funds provided in paragraph (b),
  168  including any funds from the school district’s current operating
  169  discretionary millage levy authorized under s. 1011.71(1) and
  170  (9), based on the timing of receipt of local funds by the
  171  district school board.
  172         (18) FACILITIES.—
  173         (d) Any facility, or portion thereof, used to house a
  174  charter school whose charter has been approved by the sponsor
  175  and the governing board pursuant to subsection (7) is Charter
  176  school facilities are exempt from assessments of fees for
  177  building permits, except as provided in s. 553.80; fees for
  178  building and occupational licenses; impact fees or exactions;
  179  service availability fees; and assessments for special benefits.
  180         (e) If a district school board facility or property is
  181  available because it is surplus, marked for disposal, or
  182  otherwise unused, it shall be provided for a charter school’s
  183  use on the same basis as it is made available to other public
  184  schools in the district. A charter school receiving property
  185  from the sponsor may not sell or dispose of such property
  186  without written permission of the sponsor. Similarly, for an
  187  existing public school converting to charter status, a district
  188  school board may not charge rental or leasing fees for the
  189  existing facility or for the property normally inventoried to
  190  the conversion school to the parents, principal, school advisory
  191  council, or teachers organizing the charter school. The
  192  municipality must negotiate rental or leasing fees with the
  193  district school board. Property normally inventoried to the
  194  school may not be removed. The charter school shall agree to
  195  reasonable maintenance provisions in order to maintain the
  196  facility in a manner similar to district school board standards.
  197  The Public Education Capital Outlay maintenance funds or any
  198  other maintenance funds generated by the facility operated as a
  199  conversion school or allocated to the facility operated as a
  200  conversion school under s. 1013.62 shall remain with the
  201  conversion school.
  202         (25) LOCAL EDUCATIONAL AGENCY STATUS FOR CERTAIN CHARTER
  203  SCHOOL SYSTEMS.—
  204         (a) A charter school system’s governing board shall be
  205  designated a local educational agency for the purpose of
  206  receiving federal funds, the same as though the charter school
  207  system were a school district, if the governing board of the
  208  charter school system has adopted and filed a resolution with
  209  each of its sponsors sponsor and the Department of Education in
  210  which the governing board of the charter school system accepts
  211  the full responsibility for all local education agency
  212  requirements and the charter school system meets all of the
  213  following:
  214         1. Has all schools located in the same county;
  215         2. Has a total enrollment exceeding the total enrollment of
  216  at least one school district in this state; and
  217         2.3. Has the same governing board.
  218  
  219  Such designation does not apply to other provisions unless
  220  specifically provided in law.
  221         (26) STANDARDS OF CONDUCT AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE.—
  222         (d) A landlord of a charter school or his or her spouse or
  223  an officer, a director, or an employee of an entity that is a
  224  landlord of a charter school or his or her spouse may not be a
  225  member of a governing board of a charter school unless the
  226  charter school was established pursuant to paragraph (15)(c) or
  227  the landlord is either a nonprofit, tax-exempt entity whose
  228  mission includes supporting the charter school, or a limited
  229  liability company, the sole member of which is the charter
  230  school.
  231         Section 2. Subsection (1), paragraphs (b) and (d) of
  232  subsection (3), and paragraph (e) of subsection (4) of section
  233  1013.62, Florida Statutes, are amended to read:
  234         1013.62 Charter schools capital outlay funding.—
  235         (1) Charter school capital outlay funding shall consist of
  236  state funds when such funds are appropriated in the General
  237  Appropriations Act and revenue resulting from the discretionary
  238  millage authorized in s. 1011.71(2).
  239         (a) To be eligible to receive capital outlay funds, a
  240  charter school must:
  241         1.a. Have been in operation for 2 or more years;
  242         b. Be governed by a governing board established in the
  243  state for 2 or more years which operates both charter schools
  244  and conversion charter schools within the state;
  245         c. Be an expanded feeder chain of a charter school within
  246  the same school district that is currently receiving charter
  247  school capital outlay funds;
  248         d. Have been accredited by a regional accrediting
  249  association as defined by State Board of Education rule;
  250         e. Serve students in facilities that are provided by a
  251  business partner for a charter school-in-the-workplace pursuant
  252  to s. 1002.33(15)(b); or
  253         f. Be operated by a hope operator pursuant to s. 1002.333.
  254         2. Have an annual audit that does not reveal any of the
  255  financial emergency conditions provided in s. 218.503(1) for the
  256  most recent fiscal year for which such audit results are
  257  available.
  258         3. Have not earned two consecutive grades of “F,” three
  259  consecutive grades below a “C,” or two consecutive school
  260  improvement ratings of “Unsatisfactory.”
  261         4. Have received final approval from its sponsor pursuant
  262  to s. 1002.33 for operation during that fiscal year.
  263         5. Serve students in facilities that are not provided by
  264  the charter school’s sponsor.
  265         6. Attest in writing to the department that if the charter
  266  school is nonrenewed or terminated, any unencumbered funds and
  267  all equipment and property purchased with public funds shall
  268  revert pursuant to subsection (5).
  269         (b) A charter school is not eligible to receive capital
  270  outlay funds if:
  271         1. It was created by the conversion of a public school and
  272  operates in facilities provided by the charter school’s sponsor
  273  for a nominal fee, or at no charge, or if it is directly or
  274  indirectly operated by the school district;
  275         2. It is a developmental research (laboratory) school that
  276  receives state funding for capital improvement purposes pursuant
  277  to s. 1002.32(9)(d);
  278         2.3. A member of the governing board, or his or her family
  279  member as defined in s. 440.13(1)(b), has an interest in or is
  280  an employee of the lessor, excluding charter schools operating
  281  pursuant to s. 1002.33(15) and charter schools whose lessor or
  282  property owner is a nonprofit, tax-exempt entity whose mission
  283  includes supporting the school or a limited liability company
  284  whose sole member is the charter school; or
  285         3.4. It is a Florida College System institution or state
  286  university sponsored charter school that receives state funding
  287  for capital improvement purposes pursuant to s.
  288  1002.33(17)(b)2.d.
  289         (3) If the school board levies the discretionary millage
  290  authorized in s. 1011.71(2), the department shall use the
  291  following calculation methodology to determine the amount of
  292  revenue that a school district must distribute to each eligible
  293  charter school:
  294         (b) Divide the school district’s adjusted discretionary
  295  millage revenue by the district’s total capital outlay full-time
  296  equivalent membership, not to include any full-time equivalent
  297  membership of eligible charter schools, and the total number of
  298  full-time equivalent students of each eligible charter school to
  299  determine a capital outlay allocation per full-time equivalent
  300  student.
  301         (d) If applicable, reduce the capital outlay allocation
  302  identified in paragraph (c) by the total amount of state funds
  303  allocated to each eligible charter school in subsection (2) to
  304  determine the maximum calculated capital outlay allocation. The
  305  amount of funds a school district must distribute to charter
  306  schools shall be as follows:
  307         1. For fiscal year 2023-2024, the amount is 20 percent of
  308  the amount calculated under this paragraph.
  309         2. For fiscal year 2024-2025, the amount is 40 percent of
  310  the amount calculated under this paragraph.
  311         3. For fiscal year 2025-2026, the amount is 60 percent of
  312  the amount calculated under this paragraph.
  313         4. For fiscal year 2026-2027, the amount is 80 percent of
  314  the amount calculated under this paragraph.
  315         5. For fiscal year 2027-2028, and each fiscal year
  316  thereafter, the amount is 100 percent of the amount calculated
  317  under this paragraph.
  318  
  319  By October 1 of each year, each school district shall certify to
  320  the department the amount of debt service and participation
  321  requirement that complies with the requirement of paragraph (a)
  322  and can be reduced from the total discretionary millage revenue.
  323  The Auditor General shall verify compliance with the
  324  requirements of paragraph (a) and s. 1011.71(2)(e) during
  325  scheduled operational audits of school districts.
  326         (4) A charter school’s governing body may use charter
  327  school capital outlay funds for the following purposes:
  328         (e) Renovation, repair, and maintenance of school
  329  facilities that the charter school owns or is purchasing through
  330  a lease-purchase, occupies under a or long-term lease of 5 years
  331  or longer, or has agreed to maintain under a mutual management
  332  plan with the charter school’s sponsor.
  333  
  334  Any purchase, lease-purchase, or lease made pursuant to this
  335  subsection must be at the appraised value. For purposes of this
  336  subsection, the term “appraised value” means the fair market
  337  value as determined by an independent, Florida-licensed,
  338  qualified appraiser selected by the governing board.
  339  Documentation of the appraised value shall be provided to the
  340  department upon its request. Conversion charter schools may use
  341  capital outlay funds received through the reduction in the
  342  administrative fee provided in s. 1002.33(20) for renovation,
  343  repair, and maintenance of school facilities that are owned by
  344  the sponsor.
  345         Section 3. This act shall take effect July 1, 2026.