Florida Senate - 2026                                     SB 686
       
       
        
       By Senator McClain
       
       
       
       
       
       9-00584C-26                                            2026686__
    1                        A bill to be entitled                      
    2         An act relating to agricultural enclaves; amending s.
    3         163.3162, F.S.; authorizing owners of certain parcels
    4         to apply to the governing body of the local government
    5         for certification of such parcels as agricultural
    6         enclaves; requiring the local government to provide to
    7         the applicant a certain report within a specified
    8         timeframe; requiring the local government to hold a
    9         public hearing within a specified timeframe to approve
   10         or deny such certification; requiring the
   11         certification of a parcel as an agricultural enclave
   12         under certain circumstances; requiring the governing
   13         body to issue certain decisions in writing;
   14         authorizing an applicant to seek judicial review under
   15         certain circumstances; authorizing the owner of a
   16         parcel certified as an agricultural enclave to submit
   17         certain development plans; requiring that certain
   18         developments be treated as a conforming use;
   19         prohibiting a local government from enacting or
   20         enforcing certain laws or regulations; requiring a
   21         local government to treat certain agricultural
   22         enclaves as if they are within urban service
   23         districts; requiring the local government and the
   24         owner of a parcel certified as an agricultural enclave
   25         to enter a certain written agreement; deleting
   26         provisions relating to certain amendments to a local
   27         government’s comprehensive plan; revising
   28         construction; amending s. 163.3164, F.S.; revising the
   29         definition of the term “agricultural enclave”;
   30         providing for the future expiration and reversion of
   31         specified provisions; providing an effective date.
   32          
   33  Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Florida:
   34  
   35         Section 1. Subsection (4) of section 163.3162, Florida
   36  Statutes, is amended to read:
   37         163.3162 Agricultural lands and practices.—
   38         (4) PUBLIC HEARING PROCESS.—
   39         (a) Notwithstanding any other law or local ordinance,
   40  resolution, or regulation, the owner of a parcel of land may
   41  apply to the governing body of the local government for
   42  certification of the parcel as an agricultural enclave as
   43  defined in s. 163.3164 if one or more adjacent parcels or an
   44  adjacent development permits the same density as, or higher
   45  density than, the proposed development.
   46         (b) Within 30 days after the local government’s receipt of
   47  such an application, the local government shall provide to the
   48  applicant a written report detailing whether the application
   49  complies with the requirements of paragraph (a).
   50         (c) Within 30 days after the local government provides the
   51  report required under paragraph (b), the local government shall
   52  hold a public hearing to approve or deny certification of the
   53  parcel as an agricultural enclave. If the local government does
   54  not approve or deny certification of the parcel as an
   55  agricultural enclave within 90 days after receipt of the
   56  application, the parcel must be certified as an agricultural
   57  enclave.
   58         (d) If the application is denied, the governing body of the
   59  local government must issue its decision in writing with
   60  detailed findings of fact and conclusions of law. The applicant
   61  may seek review of the denial by filing a petition for writ of
   62  certiorari in the circuit court within 30 days after the date
   63  the local government renders its decision.
   64         (e) If the application is approved, the owner of the parcel
   65  certified as an agricultural enclave may submit development
   66  plans for single-family residential housing which are consistent
   67  with the land use requirements, or future land use designations,
   68  including uses, density, and intensity, of one or more adjacent
   69  parcels or an adjacent development. A development for which
   70  plans are submitted under this paragraph must be treated as a
   71  conforming use, notwithstanding the local government’s
   72  comprehensive plan, future land use designation, or zoning.
   73         (f) A local government may not enact or enforce a law or
   74  regulation for an agricultural enclave which is more burdensome
   75  than for other types of applications for comparable uses or
   76  densities. A local government shall treat an agricultural
   77  enclave that is adjacent to an urban service district as if such
   78  enclave is within the urban service district.
   79         (g) Within 30 business days after the local government’s
   80  receipt of development plans under paragraph (e), the local
   81  government and the owner of the parcel certified as an
   82  agricultural enclave must agree in writing to a process and
   83  schedule for information submittal, analysis, and final
   84  approval, which may be administrative in nature, of the
   85  development plans. The local government may not require the
   86  owner to agree to a process that is longer than 180 days in
   87  duration or that includes further review of the plans in a
   88  quasi-judicial process or public hearing AMENDMENT TO LOCAL
   89  GOVERNMENT COMPREHENSIVE PLAN.—The owner of a parcel of land
   90  defined as an agricultural enclave under s. 163.3164 may apply
   91  for an amendment to the local government comprehensive plan
   92  pursuant to s. 163.3184. Such amendment is presumed not to be
   93  urban sprawl as defined in s. 163.3164 if it includes land uses
   94  and intensities of use that are consistent with the uses and
   95  intensities of use of the industrial, commercial, or residential
   96  areas that surround the parcel. This presumption may be rebutted
   97  by clear and convincing evidence. Each application for a
   98  comprehensive plan amendment under this subsection for a parcel
   99  larger than 640 acres must include appropriate new urbanism
  100  concepts such as clustering, mixed-use development, the creation
  101  of rural village and city centers, and the transfer of
  102  development rights in order to discourage urban sprawl while
  103  protecting landowner rights.
  104         (a) The local government and the owner of a parcel of land
  105  that is the subject of an application for an amendment shall
  106  have 180 days following the date that the local government
  107  receives a complete application to negotiate in good faith to
  108  reach consensus on the land uses and intensities of use that are
  109  consistent with the uses and intensities of use of the
  110  industrial, commercial, or residential areas that surround the
  111  parcel. Within 30 days after the local government’s receipt of
  112  such an application, the local government and owner must agree
  113  in writing to a schedule for information submittal, public
  114  hearings, negotiations, and final action on the amendment, which
  115  schedule may thereafter be altered only with the written consent
  116  of the local government and the owner. Compliance with the
  117  schedule in the written agreement constitutes good faith
  118  negotiations for purposes of paragraph (c).
  119         (b) Upon conclusion of good faith negotiations under
  120  paragraph (a), regardless of whether the local government and
  121  owner reach consensus on the land uses and intensities of use
  122  that are consistent with the uses and intensities of use of the
  123  industrial, commercial, or residential areas that surround the
  124  parcel, the amendment must be transmitted to the state land
  125  planning agency for review pursuant to s. 163.3184. If the local
  126  government fails to transmit the amendment within 180 days after
  127  receipt of a complete application, the amendment must be
  128  immediately transferred to the state land planning agency for
  129  such review. A plan amendment transmitted to the state land
  130  planning agency submitted under this subsection is presumed not
  131  to be urban sprawl as defined in s. 163.3164. This presumption
  132  may be rebutted by clear and convincing evidence.
  133         (c) If the owner fails to negotiate in good faith, a plan
  134  amendment submitted under this subsection is not entitled to the
  135  rebuttable presumption under this subsection in the negotiation
  136  and amendment process.
  137         (h)(d) Nothing within this subsection relating to
  138  agricultural enclaves shall preempt or replace any protection
  139  currently existing for any property located within the
  140  boundaries of any of the following areas:
  141         1. The Wekiva Study Area, as described in s. 369.316.; or
  142         2. The Everglades Protection Area, as defined in s.
  143  373.4592(2).
  144         3. A military installation or range identified in s.
  145  163.3175(2).
  146         Section 2. Subsection (4) of section 163.3164, Florida
  147  Statutes, is amended to read:
  148         163.3164 Community Planning Act; definitions.—As used in
  149  this act:
  150         (4) “Agricultural enclave” means an unincorporated,
  151  undeveloped parcel or parcels that, as of January 1, 2025:
  152         (a) Are Is owned or controlled by a single person or
  153  entity;
  154         (b) Have Has been in continuous use for bona fide
  155  agricultural purposes, as defined by s. 193.461, for a period of
  156  5 years before prior to the date of any comprehensive plan
  157  amendment or development application;
  158         (c)1.Are Is surrounded on at least 75 percent of their its
  159  perimeter by:
  160         a.1.A parcel or parcels Property that have has existing
  161  industrial, commercial, or residential development; or
  162         b.2.A parcel or parcels Property that the local government
  163  has designated, in the local government’s comprehensive plan,
  164  zoning map, and future land use map, as land that is to be
  165  developed for industrial, commercial, or residential purposes,
  166  and at least 75 percent of such parcel or parcels property is
  167  existing industrial, commercial, or residential development; or
  168         c.A combination of an interstate highway and a parcel or
  169  parcels that are within an urban service district, area, or line
  170  and that the local government has designated in the local
  171  government’s future land use map as land that is to be developed
  172  for industrial, commercial, or residential purposes;
  173         2.Do not exceed 700 acres and are surrounded on at least
  174  50 percent of their perimeter by a parcel or parcels that the
  175  local government has designated on the local government’s future
  176  land use map as land that is to be developed for industrial,
  177  commercial, or residential purposes; and the parcel or parcels
  178  are surrounded on at least 50 percent of their perimeter by a
  179  parcel or parcels within an urban service district, area, or
  180  line; or
  181         3.Are located within the boundary of an established rural
  182  study area adopted in the local government’s comprehensive plan
  183  which was intended to be developed with residential uses;
  184         (d) Have Has public services, including water, wastewater,
  185  transportation, schools, and recreation facilities, available or
  186  such public services are scheduled in the capital improvement
  187  element to be provided by the local government or can be
  188  provided by an alternative provider of local government
  189  infrastructure in order to ensure consistency with applicable
  190  concurrency provisions of s. 163.3180, or the applicant offers
  191  to enter into a binding agreement to pay for, construct, or
  192  contribute land for its proportionate share of such
  193  improvements; and
  194         (e) Do Does not exceed 1,280 acres; however, if the parcel
  195  or parcels are property is surrounded by existing or authorized
  196  residential development that will result in a density at
  197  buildout of at least 1,000 residents per square mile, then the
  198  area must shall be determined to be urban and the parcel or
  199  parcels may not exceed 4,480 acres; and
  200         (f) Are located within a county with a population of 1.75
  201  million or less. For purposes of this subsection, population is
  202  determined in accordance with the most recent official estimate
  203  pursuant to s. 186.901.
  204  
  205  Where a right-of-way, body of water, or canal exists along the
  206  perimeter of a parcel, the perimeter calculations of the
  207  agricultural enclave must be based on the adjacent parcel or
  208  parcels across the right-of-way, body of water, or canal.
  209         Section 3. The amendments made by this act to ss.
  210  163.3162(4) and 163.3164(4), Florida Statutes, shall expire
  211  January 1, 2028, and the text of those subsections shall revert
  212  to that in existence on September 30, 2026, except that any
  213  amendment to such text enacted other than by this act shall be
  214  preserved and continue to operate to the extent that such
  215  amendment is not dependent upon the portions of text which
  216  expire pursuant to this section.
  217         Section 4. This act shall take effect July 1, 2026.