The Florida Senate

500.01  Florida Food Safety Act; short title.

500.02  Purpose of chapter.

500.03  Definitions; construction; applicability.

500.032  Declaration of policy and cooperation among departments.

500.04  Prohibited acts.

500.09  Rulemaking; analytical work.

500.10  Food deemed adulterated.

500.11  Food deemed misbranded.

500.115  Advertisement of food deemed false.

500.12  Food permits; building permits.

500.121  Disciplinary procedures.

500.13  Addition of poisonous or deleterious substance to food.

500.147  Inspection of food establishments and vehicles; food safety pilot program.

500.148  Reports and dissemination of information.

500.149  Employment of help; expenses and salaries.

500.165  Transporting shipments of food items; rules; penalty.

500.166  Records of interstate shipment.

500.167  Carriers in interstate commerce; exception.

500.169  Enforcement of federal act.

500.171  Injunction to restrain violation.

500.172  Embargoing, detaining, destroying of food or food-processing equipment that is in violation.

500.173  Causes for seizure and condemnation of foods.

500.174  Seizure; procedure; prohibition on sale or disposal of article; penalty.

500.175  Condemnation and sale; release of seized article.

500.177  Penalty for violation of s. 500.04; dissemination of false advertisement.

500.178  Duty of state attorney.

500.179  Issuance of warnings for minor violations.

500.301  Standards of enrichment for grain products; definitions.

500.302  Unlawful retail sales.

500.303  Standards established by departmental rule.

500.304  Enforcement.

500.305  Investigations; inspections.

500.306  Violations of ss. 500.301-500.305; penalty.

500.451  Horse meat; sale for human consumption.

500.459  Water vending machines.

500.511  Fees; enforcement; preemption.

500.601  Retail sale of meat; definitions; disclosure, penalties.

500.01  Florida Food Safety Act; short title.--This chapter may be cited as the "Florida Food Safety Act."

History.--ss. 1, 26, ch. 19656, 1939; CGL 1940 Supp. 4151(664); s. 2, ch. 82-225; s. 1, ch. 87-388; s. 2, ch. 94-180.

500.02  Purpose of chapter.--This chapter is intended to:

(1)  Safeguard the public health and promote the public welfare by protecting the consuming public from injury by product use and the purchasing public from injury by merchandising deceit, flowing from intrastate commerce in food;

(2)  Provide legislation which shall be uniform, as provided in this chapter, and administered so far as practicable in conformity with the provisions of, and regulations issued under the authority of, the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act; the Agriculture Marketing Act of 1946; and likewise uniform with the Federal Trade Commission Act, to the extent that it expressly prohibits the false advertisement of food; and

(3)  Promote thereby uniformity of such state and federal laws and their administration and enforcement throughout the United States and in the several states.

History.--s. 1, ch. 19656, 1939; CGL 1940 Supp. 4151(665); s. 3, ch. 82-225; s. 2, ch. 87-388.

500.03  Definitions; construction; applicability.--

(1)  For the purpose of this chapter, the term:

(a)  "Advertisement" means any representation disseminated in any manner or by any means, other than by labeling, for the purpose of inducing, or which is likely to induce, directly or indirectly, the purchase of food.

(b)  "Approved laboratory" or "certified laboratory" means a laboratory of the department, a commercial laboratory certified by the Department of Health, or a competent commercial laboratory certified by an agency of another state or the United States Environmental Protection Agency to perform analyses of drinking water in accordance with the water quality testing procedures adopted by the United States Environmental Protection Agency.

(c)  "Approved source" as it relates to water means a source of water, whether it is a spring, artesian well, drilled well, municipal water supply, or any other source, that complies with the Federal Safe Drinking Water Act, Pub. L. No. 93-523, as amended.

(d)  "Bottled water" means a beverage as described in 21 C.F.R. part 165 (1996), that is processed in compliance with 21 C.F.R. part 129 (1996).

(e)  "Bottled water plant" means a food establishment in which bottled water is prepared for sale.

(f)  "Color" includes black, white, and intermediate grays.

(g)1.  "Color additive" means a material which:

a.  Is a dye pigment, or other substance, made by a process of synthesis or similar artifice, or extracted, isolated, or otherwise derived, with or without intermediate or final change of identity from a vegetable, animal, mineral, or other source, or

b.  When added or applied to a food, is capable, alone or through reaction with another substance, of imparting color thereto;

except that such term does not include any material that is exempt under the federal act.

2.  Nothing in subparagraph 1. shall be construed to apply to any pesticide chemical, soil or plant nutrient, or other agricultural chemical solely because of its effect in aiding, retarding, or otherwise affecting, directly or indirectly, the growth or other natural physiological process of produce of the soil and thereby affecting its color, whether before or after harvest.

(h)  "Contaminated with filth" applies to any food not securely protected from dust, dirt, and, as far as may be necessary by all reasonable means, all foreign or injurious contamination.

(i)  "Convenience store" means a business that is engaged primarily in the retail sale of groceries or motor fuels or special fuels and may offer food services to the public. Businesses providing motor fuel or special fuel to the public which also offer groceries or food service are included in the definition of a convenience store.

(j)  "Department" means the Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services.

(k)  "Federal act" means the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, as amended, 21 U.S.C. ss. 301 et seq.; 52 Stat. 1040 et seq.

(l)  "Food" includes:

1.  Articles used for food or drink for human consumption;

2.  Chewing gum;

3.  Articles used for components of any such article; and

4.  Articles for which health claims are made, which claims are approved by the Secretary of the United States Department of Health and Human Services and which claims are made in accordance with s. 343(r) of the federal act, and which are not considered drugs solely because their labels or labeling contain health claims.

The term includes any raw, cooked, or processed edible substance; ice; any beverage; or any ingredient used, intended for use, or sold for human consumption.

(m)  "Food additive" means any substance, the intended use of which results or may be reasonably expected to result, directly or indirectly, in its becoming a component or otherwise affecting the characteristics of any food (including any substance intended for use in producing, manufacturing, packing, processing, preparing, treating, transporting, or holding food and including any source of radiation intended for any such use), if such substance is not generally recognized, among experts qualified by scientific training and experience to evaluate its safety, as having been adequately shown through scientific procedures (or, in the case of a substance used in a food prior to January 1, 1958, through either scientific procedures or experience based on common use in food) to be safe under the conditions of its intended use; except that such term does not include:

1.  A pesticide chemical in or on a raw agricultural commodity;

2.  A pesticide chemical to the extent that it is intended for use or is used in the production, storage, or transportation of any raw agricultural commodity;

3.  A color additive; or

4.  Any substance used in accordance with a sanction or approval granted prior to the enactment of the Food Additives Amendment of 1958, pursuant to the federal act; the Poultry Products Inspection Act (21 U.S.C. ss. 451 et seq.); or the Meat Inspection Act of March 4, 1967 (34 Stat. 1260), as amended and extended (21 U.S.C. ss. 71 et seq.).

(n)  "Food establishment" means any factory, food outlet, or any other facility manufacturing, processing, packing, holding, or preparing food, or selling food at wholesale or retail. The term does not include any business or activity that is regulated under chapter 509 or chapter 601. The term also does not include any establishments that pack fruits and vegetables in their raw or natural states, including those fruits or vegetables that are washed, colored, or otherwise treated in their unpeeled, natural form before they are marketed.

(o)  "Food outlet" means any grocery store; convenience store; minor food outlet; meat, poultry, or fish and related aquatic food market; fruit or vegetable market; food warehouse; refrigerated storage facility; freezer locker; salvage food facility; or any other similar place storing or offering food for sale.

(p)  "Food service establishment" means any place where food is prepared and intended for individual portion service, and includes the site at which individual portions are provided. The term includes any such place regardless of whether consumption is on or off the premises and regardless of whether there is a charge for the food. The term includes delicatessens that offer prepared food in individual service portions. The term does not include schools, institutions, fraternal organizations, private homes where food is prepared or served for individual family consumption, retail food stores, the location of food vending machines, and supply vehicles, nor does the term include a research and development test kitchen limited to the use of employees and which is not open to the general public.

(q)  "Immediate container" does not include package liners.

(r)  "Label" means a display of written, printed, or graphic matter upon the immediate container of any article. A requirement made by or under authority of this chapter that any word, statement, or other information appear on the label shall not be considered to be complied with unless such word, statement, or other information also appears on the outside container or wrapper, if there is any, of the retail package of such article or is easily legible through the outside container or wrapper.

(s)  "Labeling" means all labels and other written, printed, or graphic matters:

1.  Upon an article or any of its containers or wrappers; or

2.  Accompanying such article.

(t)  "Minor food outlet" means any retail establishment that sells groceries and may offer food service to the public, but neither business activity is a major retail function based on allocated space or gross sales.

(u)  "Natural water" means bottled spring water, artesian well water, or well water that has not been altered with water from another source or that has not been modified by mineral addition or deletion, except for alteration that is necessary to treat the water through ozonation or an equivalent disinfection and filtration process.

(v)  "Packaged ice" means ice that is enclosed in a container and is offered for sale for human consumption or for other use by the consumer. The term does not include ice that is manufactured by any business licensed under chapter 381 or chapter 509.

(w)  "Packaged ice plant" means a food establishment in which packaged ice is manufactured or processed.

(x)  "Pesticide chemical" means any substance which, alone, in chemical combination, or in formulation with one or more other substances is a "pesticide" within the meaning of the Florida Pesticide Law, chapter 487, and which is used in the production, storage, or transportation of raw agricultural commodities.

(y)  "Raw agricultural commodity" means any food in its raw or natural state, including all fruits that are washed, colored, or otherwise treated in their unpeeled natural form prior to marketing.

(z)  "Retail food store" means any establishment or section of an establishment where food and food products are offered to the consumer and intended for off-premises consumption. The term includes delicatessens that offer prepared food in bulk quantities only. The term does not include establishments which handle only prepackaged, nonpotentially hazardous foods; roadside markets that offer only fresh fruits and fresh vegetables for sale; food service establishments; or food and beverage vending machines.

(2)  For the purpose of this chapter:

(a)  If an article is alleged to be misbranded because the labeling is misleading, or if an advertisement is alleged to be false because it is misleading, then, in determining whether the labeling or advertisement is misleading, there shall be taken into account, among other things, not only representations made or suggested by statement, word, design, device, or sound, or in any combination thereof, but also the extent to which the labeling or advertisement fails to reveal facts material in the light of such representations or material with respect to consequences which may result from the use of the article to which the labeling or advertisement relates under the conditions of use prescribed in the labeling or advertisement thereof or under such conditions of use as are customary or usual.

(b)  If an article is a food, and it is alleged to be misbranded because the labeling is misleading, or if an advertisement is alleged to be false because it is misleading, there shall be taken into account, among other things, not only representations made or suggested by statement, word, design, device, or sound, or in any combination thereof, but also the extent to which the labeling or advertisement fails to prominently and conspicuously reveal facts relative to the proportions or absence of certain ingredients or other facts concerning ingredients in the food, which facts are of material interest to consumers.

(3)  For the purpose of this chapter, the selling of food includes the manufacture, production, processing, packing, exposure, offer, possession, and holding of any article of food for sale; the sale, dispensing, and giving of any article of food; and the supplying or applying of food in the conduct of any food establishment.

History.--s. 2, ch. 19656, 1939; CGL 1940 Supp. 4151(666); s. 7, ch. 22858, 1945; s. 1, ch. 59-302; s. 1, ch. 63-259; s. 1, ch. 67-345; ss. 14, 19, 35, ch. 69-106; s. 1, ch. 71-261; s. 186, ch. 71-377; s. 134, ch. 73-333; s. 415, ch. 77-147; s. 4, ch. 82-225; s. 119, ch. 83-218; s. 3, ch. 87-388; s. 8, ch. 92-180; s. 3, ch. 94-180; s. 2, ch. 95-314; s. 16, ch. 97-220; s. 20, ch. 2000-364.

500.032  Declaration of policy and cooperation among departments.--

(1)  The department is charged with the administration and enforcement of this chapter in order to prevent fraud, harm, adulteration, misbranding, or false advertising in the preparation, manufacture, or sale of articles of food. It is further charged to enforce the provisions of this chapter relating to the production, manufacture, transportation, and sale of food, as well as articles entering into, and intended for use as ingredients in the preparation of, food.

(2)  The specific delegation of authority granted in subsection (1) is to specifically place responsibility and should not be construed so as to cause respective agencies to not cooperate each with the other by interchange of information and copies of reports when deemed advisable.

History.--s. 17, ch. 59-302; ss. 14, 19, 35, ch. 69-106; s. 417, ch. 77-147; s. 5, ch. 82-225; s. 4, ch. 87-388; s. 4, ch. 94-180.

Note.--Former s. 500.45.

500.04  Prohibited acts.--The following acts and the causing thereof within the state are prohibited:

(1)  The manufacture, sale or delivery, holding or offering for sale of any food that is adulterated or misbranded.

(2)  The adulteration or misbranding of any food.

(3)  The receipt in commerce of any food that is adulterated or misbranded, and the delivery or proffered delivery thereof for pay or otherwise.

(4)  The sale, delivery for sale, holding for sale, or offering for sale of any article in violation of s. 500.12.

(5)  The dissemination of any false advertisement.

(6)  The refusal to permit entry or inspection, or to permit the taking of a sample, as authorized by s. 500.147.

(7)  The giving of a guaranty or undertaking with respect to a food, which guaranty or undertaking is false, except by a person who relied on a guaranty or undertaking to the same effect signed by, and containing the name and address of, the person residing in this state from whom she or he received in good faith the food.

(8)  The removal, disposal, or use of a detained or embargoed article or food-processing equipment in violation of s. 500.172.

(9)  The alteration, mutilation, destruction, obliteration, or removal of the whole or any part of the labeling of a food, or the doing of any other act with respect to a food, if such act is done while such article is held for sale and such act results in such article being misbranded.

(10)  Forging; counterfeiting; simulating; falsely representing; or, without proper authority, using any mark, stamp, tag, label, or other identification device authorized or required by rules adopted under this chapter.

(11)  The alteration, mutilation, destruction, obliteration, or removal of the whole or any part of the labeling information, whether in coded form or otherwise, identifying the article's expiration date or similar date, date of manufacture, or manufacturing or distribution lot or batch, if such act is done while such article is held for sale.

History.--s. 3, ch. 19656, 1939; CGL 1940 Supp. 4151(667); s. 2, ch. 57-167; s. 1, ch. 70-994; s. 6, ch. 82-225; s. 120, ch. 83-218; s. 5, ch. 87-388; s. 9, ch. 92-180; s. 5, ch. 94-180; s. 602, ch. 97-103; s. 17, ch. 97-220.

¹500.09  Rulemaking; analytical work.--

(1)  When in the judgment of the department such action will promote safety, honesty, and fair dealing in the interest of consumers, the department shall adopt rules for:

(a)  Providing food safety information, or requiring that food safety information be provided, to notify consumers of potential health and safety concerns involving the preparation or consumption of certain foods. The information must be based on sound scientific evidence.

(b)  Fixing and establishing for any food or class of food under its common or usual name a reasonable definition and standard of identity, a reasonable standard of quality or fill of container, or any reasonable sanitary rules governing the manufacture, processing, or handling of food products. In the prescribing of any standard of quality for any canned fruit or canned vegetable, consideration shall be given and due allowance made for the differing characteristics of the varieties of fruit or vegetable. In prescribing a definition and standard of identity for any food or class of food in which optional ingredients are permitted, the department shall, for the purpose of promoting safety, honesty, and fair dealing in the interest of consumers, designate the optional ingredients which shall be named on the label. The definitions and standards so adopted must conform to the definitions and standards adopted by the Secretary of the United States Department of Health and Human Services under authority conferred by 21 U.S.C. s. 341 and those definitions and standards adopted by the Secretary of the United States Department of Agriculture under the authority conferred by the Agriculture Marketing Act of 1946.

(2)  The department may adopt rules exempting from any labeling requirements of this chapter:

(a)  Small open containers of fresh fruits and fresh vegetables.

(b)  Food which is, in accordance with the practice of the trade, to be processed, labeled, or repacked in substantial quantities at establishments other than those where originally processed or packed, on condition that such food is not adulterated or misbranded under the provisions of this chapter upon removal from such processing, labeling, or repacking establishment.

(3)  The department may adopt rules necessary for the efficient enforcement of this chapter. Such rules must be consistent with those adopted under the federal act in regard to food and, to this end, may adopt by reference those rules when applicable and practicable.

(4)  The department may adopt rules relating to food safety and consumer protection requirements for the manufacturing, processing, packing, holding, or preparing of food; the selling of food at wholesale or retail; or the transporting of food by places of business not regulated under chapter 381 or chapter 509.

(5)  The analytical work necessary for the proper enforcement of this law and rules adopted by the department in regard to food shall be done by the department or under the direction of the department and is prima facie evidence in any court in this state.

(6)  The department may perform laboratory services relating to, or having potential impact on, food safety or the compliance of food with the requirements of this chapter for any person or public agency.

(7)  The department may establish and collect reasonable fees for laboratory services performed pursuant to subsection (6). Such fees shall be deposited in the department's General Inspection Trust Fund and shall be used solely for the recovery of costs for the services provided.

History.--s. 9, ch. 19656, 1939; CGL 1940 Supp. 4151(672); ss. 14, 35, ch. 69-106; s. 6, ch. 87-388; s. 10, ch. 92-180; s. 6, ch. 94-180; s. 4, ch. 98-396; s. 44, ch. 2000-141.

¹Note.--Section 44, ch. 2000-141, added subsection (8), effective July 1, 2001, to read:

(8)  The department may adopt rules necessary for the sanitary manufacture, processing, or handling of food, except for those governing the design, construction, erection, alteration, modification, repair, or demolition of any building, structure, or facility wherein food products are manufactured, processed, handled, stored, sold, or distributed. It is the intent of the Legislature to preempt those functions to the Florida Building Commission through adoption and maintenance of the Florida Building Code. The department shall provide technical assistance to the commission in updating the construction standards of the Florida Building Code which relate to food safety. However, the department is authorized to enforce the provisions of the Florida Building Code which apply to food establishments in conducting any inspections authorized by this chapter.

500.10  Food deemed adulterated.--A food is deemed to be adulterated:

(1)(a)  If it bears or contains any poisonous or deleterious substance which may render it injurious to health; but in case the substance is not an added substance such food shall not be considered adulterated under this clause if the quantity of such substance in such food does not ordinarily render it injurious to health;

(b)  If it bears or contains any added poisonous or added deleterious substance, other than one which is a pesticide chemical in or on a raw agricultural commodity; a food additive; or a color additive, which is unsafe within the meaning of s. 500.13(1);

(c)  If it is a raw agricultural commodity and it bears or contains a pesticide chemical which is unsafe within the meaning of 21 U.S.C. s. 346(a) or s. 500.13(1);

(d)  If it is or it bears or contains, any food additive which is unsafe within the meaning of 21 U.S.C. s. 348 or s. 500.13(1); provided that where a pesticide chemical has been used in or on a raw agricultural commodity in conformity with an exemption granted or tolerance prescribed under 21 U.S.C. s. 346 or s. 500.13(1), and such raw agricultural commodity has been subjected to processing such as canning, cooking, freezing, dehydrating, or milling, the residue of such pesticide chemical remaining in or on such processed food shall, notwithstanding the provisions of s. 500.13, and this paragraph, not be deemed unsafe if such residue in or on the raw agricultural commodity has been removed to the extent possible in good manufacturing practice, and the concentration of such residue in the processed food when ready to eat, is not greater than the tolerance prescribed for the raw agricultural commodity;

(e)  If it consists in whole or in part of a diseased, contaminated, filthy, putrid, or decomposed substance, or if it is otherwise unfit for food;

(f)  If it has been produced, prepared, packed, or held under insanitary conditions whereby it may become contaminated with filth, or whereby it may have been rendered diseased, unwholesome, or injurious to health;

(g)  If it is the product of a diseased animal or an animal which has died otherwise than by slaughter, or that has been fed upon the uncooked offal from a slaughterhouse; or

(h)  If its container is composed, in whole or in part, of any poisonous or deleterious substance which may render the contents injurious to health.

(2)(a)  If any valuable constituent has been in whole or in part omitted or abstracted therefrom;

(b)  If any substance has been substituted wholly or in part therefor;

(c)  If damage or inferiority has been concealed in any manner; or

(d)  If any substance has been added thereto or mixed or packed therewith so as to increase its bulk or weight, or reduce its quality or strength or make it appear better or of greater value than it is.

(3)  If it is confectionery and it bears or contains any alcohol or nonnutritive article or substance except harmless coloring, harmless flavoring, harmless resinous glaze not in excess of 0.4 percent, harmless natural gum, and pectin; however, this subsection shall not apply to any chewing gum by reason of its containing harmless nonnutritive masticatory substances; to any confectionery by reason of its containing less than 0.5 percent by volume of alcohol derived solely from the use of flavoring extracts; or to any candy by reason of its containing more than 0.5 percent but less than 5 percent by volume of alcohol derived from any source, if such candy:

(a)  Is not sold to persons under 21 years of age;

(b)  Is labeled with the following statement written in conspicuous print on the principal display panel of the package, or if sold in individual units, in a conspicuous manner adjacent to the product: "This product may not be sold to anyone under 21 years of age";

(c)  Is not sold in a form containing liquid alcohol so that it constitutes an alcoholic beverage under the Beverage Law; and

(d)  Is distributed directly to Florida consumers only from permanent facilities owned or controlled by the product's manufacturer, or from a vendor licensed pursuant to chapter 565, or from a vendor approved by the Department of Business and Professional Regulation consistent with rules adopted by such department establishing standards for such vendors.

(4)  If it is or bears or contains any color additive which is unsafe within the meaning of the federal act or s. 500.13.

History.--s. 10, ch. 19656, 1939; CGL 1940 Supp. 4151(678); s. 2, ch. 63-259; s. 1, ch. 87-269; s. 7, ch. 94-180; s. 200, ch. 94-218.

500.11  Food deemed misbranded.--

(1)  A food is deemed to be misbranded:

(a)  If its labeling is false or misleading in any particular; however, corn meal shall not be considered misbranded because of its being labeled "Water Ground," where such corn meal so labeled has been ground on rocks having a diameter of not less than 42 inches and which revolve during the grinding of same at a speed not greater than 186 revolutions per minute.

(b)  If it is offered for sale under the name of another food.

(c)  If it is an imitation of another food, unless its label bears, in type of uniform size and prominence, the words "imitation" and, immediately thereafter, the name of the food imitated.

(d)  If its container is so made, formed, or filled as to be misleading.

(e)  If in package form, unless it bears a label containing:

1.  The name and place of business of the manufacturer, packer, or distributor;

2.  An accurate statement of the quantity of the contents in terms of weight, measure, or numerical count; however, under this subparagraph reasonable variations shall be permitted, and exemptions as to small packages shall be established, by regulations prescribed by the department.

(f)  If any word, statement, or other information required by or under authority of this chapter to appear on the label or labeling is not prominently placed thereon with such conspicuousness, as compared with other words, statements, designs, or devices, in the labeling, and in such terms as to render it likely to be read and understood by the ordinary individual under customary conditions of purchase and use.

(g)  If it purports to be or is represented as a food for which a definition and standard of identity has been prescribed by statute or by rules as provided by s. 500.09, unless:

1.  It conforms to such definition and standard; and

2.  Its label bears the name of the food specified in the definition and standard and, insofar as may be required by such rules, the common names of optional ingredients (other than spices, flavoring, and coloring) present in such food.

(h)  If it purports to be or is represented as:

1.  A food for which a standard of quality has been prescribed by rules as provided by s. 500.09 and its quality falls below such standard unless its label bears, in such manner and form as such rules specify, a statement that it falls below such standard; or

2.  A food for which a standard or standards of fill of container have been prescribed by rule as provided by s. 500.09 and it falls below the standard of fill of container applicable thereto, unless its label bears, in such manner and form as such rules specify, a statement that it falls below such standard.

(i)  Unless its label bears:

1.  The common or usual name of the food, if any; and

2.  If it is fabricated from two or more ingredients, the common or usual name of each ingredient and, if the food purports to be a beverage containing vegetable or fruit juice, a statement placed with appropriate prominence on the information panel specifying the total percentage of such vegetable or fruit juice contained in the food; except that spices, flavorings, and color additives not required to be certified under 21 U.S.C. s. 379(e), other than those sold as such, may be designated as spices, flavorings, and color additives, without naming each; provided, that, to the extent that compliance with this paragraph is impractical or results in deception or unfair competition, exemptions shall be established by rules adopted by the department.

(j)  If it purports to be or is represented for special dietary uses, unless its label bears such information concerning its vitamin, mineral, and other dietary properties as the department determines to be, and by regulations prescribes as, necessary in order to fully inform purchasers as to its value for such uses.

(k)  If it bears or contains any artificial flavoring, artificial coloring, or chemical preservative, unless it bears labeling stating that fact; provided that, to the extent that compliance with the requirements of this paragraph is impracticable, exemptions shall be established by regulations promulgated by the department.

(l)  If it is a fresh fruit or vegetable or a package of honey or bee pollen not labeled in accordance with the provisions of s. 504.012 or not otherwise labeled in such a manner as to indicate to an ultimate purchaser the country of origin.

(m)  If it is offered for sale and its label or labeling does not comply with the requirements of 21 U.S.C. s. 343(q) pertaining to nutrition information.

(n)  If it is offered for sale and its label or labeling does not comply with the requirements of 21 U.S.C. s. 343(r) pertaining to nutritional content claims and health claims.

(o)  If it is bottled water and its label bears a corporate name, brand name, or trademark containing the word "spring," "springs," "well," "artesian well," "natural," or any derivative of those words without stating on the label the source of the water in typeface at least equal to the size of the typeface of the corporate name, brand name, or trademark, if the source of the water is different from the source indicated in the corporate name, brand name, or trademark.

(p)  If it is an animal product that fails to have directly thereon or on its container the official inspection legend as required by the United States Department of Agriculture and, unrestricted by any other provision of this section, such other information as the department requires to ensure that it shall not have false or misleading labeling and that the public is informed of the manner of handling required to maintain the product in a wholesome condition.

(2)  When soft drinks are offered for sale in sanitary returnable or nonreturnable containers, sealed or securely capped, impervious to contamination by leakage or contact with foreign substances, and when the trade name, net content, and declaration of artificial flavor or color, when used, appear on the principal display panel, which may be the cap, crown, lid, or side of the container of such drinks, and when the manufacturer, at least once every year and oftener when required by the department, files with the department an affidavit stating the trade names of such drinks manufactured by him or her and the territorial limits in the state within which such drinks are offered for sale, the provisions of this chapter requiring additional labeling and branding of such drinks do not apply. However, nothing in this subsection shall in any manner otherwise restrict, modify, or impair the jurisdiction and authority of the department over such drinks as food products and the conditions pertaining to the manufacture of same.

History.--s. 11, ch. 19656, 1939; CGL 1940 Supp. 4151(674); s. 1, ch. 26723, 1951; s. 1, ch. 28269, 1953; s. 30, ch. 63-572; s. 1, ch. 69-26; ss. 14, 35, ch. 69-106; s. 1, ch. 80-76; s. 1, ch. 83-14; s. 7, ch. 87-388; s. 6, ch. 92-290; s. 98, ch. 92-291; s. 8, ch. 94-180; s. 603, ch. 97-103; s. 18, ch. 97-220; s. 10, ch. 98-396.

500.115  Advertisement of food deemed false.--An advertisement of a food is deemed to be false if it is false or misleading in any particular.

History.--s. 19, ch. 19656, 1939; CGL 1940 Supp. 4151(682); ss. 19, 35, ch. 69-106; s. 424, ch. 77-147; s. 13, ch. 82-225.

Note.--Former s. 500.19.

¹500.12  Food permits; building permits.--

(1)(a)  A food permit from the department is required of any person who operates a food establishment or retail food store, except:

1.  Persons operating minor food outlets, including, but not limited to, video stores, that sell commercially prepackaged, nonpotentially hazardous candy, chewing gum, soda, or popcorn, provided the shelf space for those items does not exceed 12 linear feet and no other food is sold by the minor food outlet.

2.  Persons subject to continuous, onsite federal or state inspection.

3.  Persons selling only legumes in the shell, either parched, roasted, or boiled.

(b)  An application for a food permit from the department must be accompanied by a fee in an amount determined by department rule, which may not exceed $350, except that the fee accompanying an application for a food permit for operating a bottled water plant may not exceed $1,000 and the fee accompanying an application for a food permit for operating a packaged ice plant may not exceed $250. The fee for operating a bottled water plant or a packaged ice plant shall be set by rule of the department. Food permits must be renewed annually on or before January 1. If an application for renewal of a food permit is not received by the department within 30 days after its due date, a late fee, in an amount not exceeding $100, must be paid in addition to the food permit fee before the department may issue the food permit. The moneys collected shall be deposited in the General Inspection Trust Fund.

(c)  For bottled water plants:

1.  Water that is transported into the state and that is bottled before or after importation into the state must be bottled, labeled, handled, and otherwise processed and sold according to the provisions of this chapter.

2.  An application for a food permit for operating a bottled water plant must state the location of the bottled water plant, the source of the water, and any other information considered necessary by the department to verify compliance with the safety, quality, and labeling requirements of this chapter.

(d)  For packaged ice plants:

1.  Packaged ice that is transported into the state and that is packaged before or after importation into the state must be packaged, labeled, handled, and otherwise processed and sold according to the provisions of this chapter.

2.  An application for a food permit for operating a packaged ice plant must state the location of the packaged ice plant, the source of the water, the treatment the water received prior to being made into ice and packaged, and any other information considered necessary by the department to verify compliance with the safety, quality, and labeling requirements of this chapter.

(e)  The department is the exclusive regulatory and permitting authority for all food outlets, retail food stores, food establishments, convenience stores, and minor food outlets in accordance with this section. Application for a food permit must be made on forms provided by the department, which forms must also contain provision for application for registrations and permits issued by other state agencies and for collection of the food permit fee and any other fees associated with registration, licensing, or applicable surcharges. The details of the application shall be prescribed by department rule.

(f)  The department may by rule establish conditions for the manufacturing, processing, packing, holding, or preparing of food; the selling of food at wholesale or retail; or the transporting of food to protect the public health and promote public welfare by protecting the purchasing public from injury by merchandising deceit.

(2)  When any person applies for a building permit to construct, convert, or remodel any food establishment, food outlet, or retail food store, the authority issuing such permit shall make available to the applicant a printed statement, provided by the department, regarding the applicable sanitation requirements for such establishments. A building permitting authority, or municipality or county under whose jurisdiction a building permitting authority operates, may not be held liable for a food establishment, food outlet, or retail food store that does not comply with the applicable sanitation requirements due to failure of the building permitting authority to provide the information as provided in this subsection.

(a)  The department shall furnish, for distribution, a statement that includes the checklist to be used by the food inspector in any preoperational inspections to assure that the food establishment is constructed and equipped to meet the applicable sanitary guidelines. Such preoperational inspection shall be a prerequisite for obtaining a food permit in accordance with this section.

(b)  The department may provide assistance, when requested by the applicant, in the review of any construction or remodeling plans for food establishments. The department may charge a fee for such assistance which covers the cost of providing the assistance and which shall be deposited in the General Inspection Trust Fund for use in funding the food safety program.

(c)  A building permitting authority or other subdivision of local government may not require the department to approve construction or remodeling plans for food establishments and retail food stores as a condition of any permit or license at the local level.

(3)  Any person selling or distributing for sale any candy containing more than 0.5 percent but less than 5 percent by volume of alcohol must apply for a food permit pursuant to subsection (1) and disclose to the department any intent to sell or distribute such candy. If the person already holds a permit, written disclosure of intent to sell or distribute such candy shall be provided to the department, and the person shall comply with all rules adopted by the department relating to such candy. If the product is sold by a person licensed under chapter 565, the Department of Business and Professional Regulation shall inspect, sample, and verify compliance with this chapter. The Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services and the Department of Business and Professional Regulation shall enter into a cooperative agreement relative to the enforcement of this chapter, including delegation of authority under ss. 500.173-500.175 relating to seizure and condemnation of adulterated or misbranded products.

(4)(a)  The department may suspend immediately upon notice any permit issued under this section if it finds that any of the conditions of the permit have been violated. The holder of a permit so suspended may at any time apply for the reinstatement of such permit; and the department shall, immediately after prompt hearing and an inspection of the establishment, reinstate such permit if the department finds that adequate measures have been taken to comply with and maintain the conditions of the permit, as originally issued, or as amended.

(b)  The department shall have access to any food establishment for the purpose of ascertaining compliance with this section. Denial of access for such inspection is a ground for suspending the permit until access to the food establishment is freely given by the operator.

(5)  It is the intent of the Legislature to eliminate duplication of regulatory inspections of food. Regulatory and permitting authority over any food establishment is preempted to the department, except as provided in chapters 370 and 372.

(a)  Food establishments or retail food stores that have ancillary food service activities shall be permitted and inspected by the department.

(b)  Food service establishments, as defined in s. 381.0072, that have ancillary, prepackaged retail food sales shall be regulated by the Department of Health.

(c)  Public food service establishments, as defined in s. 509.013, which have ancillary, prepackaged retail food sales shall be licensed and inspected by the Department of Business and Professional Regulation.

(d)  The department and the Department of Business and Professional Regulation shall cooperate to assure equivalency of inspection and enforcement and to share information on those establishments identified in paragraphs (a) and (c) and to address any other areas of potential duplication. The department and the Department of Business and Professional Regulation are authorized to adopt rules to enforce statutory requirements under their purview regarding foods.

(6)  The department shall adopt rules for the training and certification of managers of food establishments and food service establishments regulated under this section and for the training and certification of department personnel.

History.--s. 12, ch. 19656, 1939; CGL 1940 Supp. 4151(675); ss. 14, 35, ch. 69-106; s. 3, ch. 70-994; s. 3, ch. 76-168; s. 1, ch. 77-457; ss. 2, 3, ch. 81-318; ss. 11, 39, ch. 82-225; ss. 1, 3, 4, ch. 83-8; s. 2, ch. 87-269; s. 8, ch. 87-388; s. 11, ch. 92-180; s. 102, ch. 92-291; s. 9, ch. 94-180; s. 201, ch. 94-218; s. 19, ch. 97-220; s. 1, ch. 98-13; s. 14, ch. 98-396; s. 243, ch. 99-8; s. 45, ch. 2000-141; s. 15, ch. 2000-308.

¹Note.--Section 45, ch. 2000-141, added subsections (7) and (8), effective July 1, 2001, to read:

(7)  In conducting any preoperational or other inspection, the department may enforce provisions of the Florida Building Code relating to food establishments.

(8)  Any person who, after October 1, 2000, applies for or renews a local occupational license to engage in business as a food establishment must exhibit a current food permit or an active letter of exemption from the department before the local occupational license may be issued or renewed.

500.121  Disciplinary procedures.--

(1)  In addition to the suspension procedures provided in s. 500.12, the department may impose a fine not exceeding $5,000 against any retail food store or food establishment that has violated this chapter, which fine, when imposed and paid, shall be deposited by the department into the General Inspection Trust Fund. The department may revoke or suspend the permit of any such retail food store or food establishment if it is satisfied that the retail food store or food establishment has:

(a)  Violated any of the provisions of this chapter.

(b)  Violated or aided or abetted in the violation of any law of this state governing or applicable to retail food stores or food establishments or any lawful rules of the department.

(c)  Knowingly committed, or been a party to, any material fraud, misrepresentation, conspiracy, collusion, trick, scheme, or device whereby any other person, lawfully relying upon the word, representation, or conduct of a retail food store or food establishment, acts to her or his injury or damage.

(d)  Committed any act or conduct of the same or different character than that enumerated which constitutes fraudulent or dishonest dealing.

(2)  Any manufacturer, processor, packer, or distributor who misrepresents or mislabels the country of origin of any food may, in addition to any penalty provided in this chapter, be subject to an additional administrative fine of up to $10,000 per violation.

(3)  Any administrative order made and entered by the department imposing a fine pursuant to this section shall specify the amount of the fine and the time limit for payment thereof, not exceeding 15 days, and, upon failure of the permitholder to pay the fine within that time, the permit is subject to suspension.

(4)  In any court proceeding relating to administrative orders, the burden of proving violations of this chapter and of upholding administrative orders is with the department.

(5)  The department shall post a prominent closed-for-operation sign on any food establishment that has had its permit suspended or revoked. The department shall also post such a sign on any establishment judicially or administratively determined to be operating without a permit. It is a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083, for any person to deface or remove such closed-for-operation sign or for any food establishment to open for operation without a permit or to open for operation while its permit is suspended or revoked. The department may impose administrative sanctions for violations of this subsection.

History.--s. 1, ch. 72-73; s. 6, ch. 78-95; s. 2, ch. 81-318; ss. 12, 39, ch. 82-225; ss. 2, 3, 4, ch. 83-8; s. 9, ch. 87-388; s. 102, ch. 92-291; s. 10, ch. 94-180; s. 604, ch. 97-103; s. 20, ch. 97-220; s. 1, ch. 98-13; ss. 5, 14, ch. 98-396.

500.13  Addition of poisonous or deleterious substance to food.--

(1)  Any added poisonous or deleterious substance, any food additive, any pesticide chemical in or on a raw agricultural commodity, or any color additive, shall, with respect to any particular use or intended use, be deemed unsafe for the purpose of application of s. 500.10(1)(b) with respect to any food, unless there is in effect a regulation pursuant to subsection (2) limiting the quantity of such substance, and the use or intended use of such substance conform to the terms prescribed by such regulation. While such regulation relating to such substance is in effect, a food shall not, by reason of bearing or containing such substance in accordance with the regulation, be considered adulterated within the meaning of s. 500.10(1)(a).

(2)  The department, whenever public interest in the state so requires, is authorized to adopt, amend, or repeal regulations whether or not in accordance with regulations promulgated under the federal act, prescribing therein tolerances for any added poisonous or deleterious substances, for food additives, for pesticide chemicals in or on raw agricultural commodities or for color additives, including, but not limited to, zero tolerances, and exemptions from tolerances in the case of pesticide chemicals in or on raw agricultural commodities, and prescribing the conditions under which a food additive or color additive may be safely used and exemptions where such food additive or color additive is to be used solely for investigational or experimental purposes, upon his or her own motion or upon the petition of any interested party requesting that such a regulation be established, and it shall be incumbent upon such petitioner to establish by data submitted to the department that a necessity exists for such regulation, and that its effect will not be detrimental to the public health. If the data furnished by the petitioner is not sufficient to allow the department to determine whether such regulation should be promulgated, the department may require additional data to be submitted and a failure to comply with the request shall be sufficient grounds to deny the request. In adopting, amending or repealing regulations relating to such substances the department shall consider among other relevant factors, the following which the petitioner, if any, shall furnish:

(a)  The name and all pertinent information concerning such substance including where available, its chemical identity and composition, a statement of the conditions of the proposed use, including directions, recommendations and suggestions and including specimens of proposed labeling, all relevant data bearing on the physical or other technical effect and the quantity required to produce such effect.

(b)  The probable composition of, or other relevant exposure from the article and of any substance formed in or on a food, resulting from the use of such substance.

(c)  The probable consumption of such substance in the diet of humans and animals taking into account any chemically or pharmacologically related substance in such diet.

(d)  Safety factors which, in the opinion of experts qualified by scientific training and experience to evaluate the safety of such substances for the use or uses for which they are proposed to be used, are generally recognized as appropriate for the use of animal experimentation data.

(e)  The availability of any needed practicable methods of analysis for determining the identity and quantity of such substance in or on an article, any substance formed in or on such article because of the use of such substance, and the pure substance and all intermediates and impurities.

(f)  Facts supporting a contention that the proposed use of such substance will serve a useful purpose.

History.--s. 13, ch. 19656, 1939; CGL 1940 Supp. 4151(676); s. 3, ch. 63-259; ss. 14, 35, ch. 69-106; s. 605, ch. 97-103.

500.147  Inspection of food establishments and vehicles; food safety pilot program.--

¹(1)  The department or its duly authorized agent shall have free access at all reasonable hours to any food establishment or any vehicle being used to transport or hold food in commerce for the purpose of inspecting such establishment or vehicle to determine if any provision of this chapter or any rule adopted under the chapter is being violated; to secure a sample or a specimen of any food after paying or offering to pay for such sample; or to see that all sanitary rules adopted by the department are complied with.

(2)  The department or its duly authorized agent may appoint inspectors for making such inspections and taking such samples as are necessary for the proper enforcement of this chapter. The department shall make or cause to be made examination of samples secured under the provisions of this section to determine if any provision of this chapter is being violated.

(3)  For bottled water plants:

(a)  Bottled water must be from an approved source. Bottled water must be processed in conformance with 21 C.F.R. part 129 (1996), and must conform to 21 C.F.R. part 165 (1996). A person operating a bottled water plant shall be responsible for all water sampling and analyses required by this chapter.

(b)  All microbiological, chemical, physical, or radiological testing and analyses of source water and finished product required by this chapter must be performed by an approved laboratory. Records of the sampling and analyses must be maintained on file at the plant for not less than 2 years and made available to the department upon request.

(4)  For packaged ice plants:

(a)  Water used in packaged ice must be from an approved source. The finished product must meet the primary water quality standards established under the Federal Safe Drinking Water Act, Pub. L. No. 93-523, as amended. A person operating a packaged ice plant shall be responsible for all water sampling and analyses required by this chapter.

(b)  All packaged ice plants must submit to an approved laboratory, once every 3 months, a sample of each type of finished product for microbiological analysis. The quarterly laboratory analysis must include testing for fecal and total coliform organisms. Total coliforms must not be greater than 2.2 organisms/100 ml. using the most probable number method or not greater than 1 organism/100 ml. using the membrane filtration method. Packaged ice must have no fecal coliform-positive samples. All microbiological, chemical, physical, or radiological analyses required by this chapter must be performed by an approved laboratory.

(c)  All records of sampling and analyses of source water and finished product must be maintained by the plant for a period of not less than 2 years and made available to the department upon request.

(5)  Visits for the purpose of sample collection do not constitute inspection visits.

(6)  The department is authorized to initiate a food safety pilot program establishing a special, documented food inspection program based on sound science principles of the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) system and involving cooperative compliance efforts of both the department and the food establishment to assure consumers a safe, wholesome, and properly labeled food supply. A food establishment shall be eligible for such a pilot program only if program criteria are met. Criteria used to establish this special program include, but are not limited to, the following:

(a)  A good inspection history over a specified time period.

(b)  Certified food manager activities demonstrated to be effective in assessing food safety practices and correcting deficiencies at the food establishment.

(c)  An active food training program in place for employees.

(d)  "Self inspection" records of the food establishment made available for review by the department.

(e)  Written sanitation standard operation procedures in place and the food establishment's verification records made available for review by the department.

(f)  Freezer/refrigeration units and hot-cold temperature logs or recording charts made available for review by the department.

(g)  Records of corrective action to resolve food safety deficiencies made available for review by the department.

History.--s. 21, ch. 19656, 1939; CGL 1940 Supp. 4151(684); s. 4, ch. 59-302; ss. 14, 19, 35, ch. 69-106; s. 426, ch. 77-147; s. 15, ch. 82-225; s. 11, ch. 87-388; s. 12, ch. 94-180; s. 21, ch. 97-220; s. 46, ch. 2000-141.

¹Note.--Section 46, ch. 2000-141, amended subsection (1), effective July 1, 2001, to read:

(1)  The department or its duly authorized agent shall have free access at all reasonable hours to any food establishment or any vehicle being used to transport or hold food in commerce for the purpose of inspecting such establishment or vehicle to determine if any provision of this chapter or any rule adopted under the chapter is being violated; to secure a sample or a specimen of any food after paying or offering to pay for such sample; to see that all sanitary rules adopted by the department are complied with; or to enforce the special-occupancy provisions of the Florida Building Code which apply to food establishments.

Note.--Former s. 500.21.

500.148  Reports and dissemination of information.--

(1)  The department may publish from time to time reports summarizing all judgments and court orders that have been rendered under this chapter, including the nature of the charges and the disposition thereof.

(2)  The department may also disseminate any information regarding food that it considers necessary in the interest of public health and the protection of the consumer against fraud. Nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit the department from collecting, reporting, and illustrating the results of these investigations.

History.--s. 22, ch. 19656, 1939; CGL 1940 Supp. 4151(685); ss. 14, 19, 35, ch. 69-106; ss. 3, 5, ch. 76-47; s. 427, ch. 77-147; s. 16, ch. 82-225; s. 12, ch. 87-388; s. 13, ch. 94-180.

Note.--Former s. 500.22.

500.149  Employment of help; expenses and salaries.--The department may employ all help necessary to carry out and enforce the provisions of this chapter relating to foods and may designate any employee of the department to perform any duties necessary to carry out such provisions. All expenses and salaries shall be paid out of the General Inspection Trust Fund.

History.--s. 23, ch. 19656, 1939; CGL 1940 Supp. 4151(686); s. 5, ch. 59-302; s. 2, ch. 61-119; ss. 14, 19, 35, ch. 69-106; s. 428, ch. 77-147; s. 17, ch. 82-225; s. 13, ch. 87-388.

Note.--Former s. 500.23.

500.165  Transporting shipments of food items; rules; penalty.--

(1)  It is unlawful for a carrier to transport food items in a vehicle or rail car that has been or is being used to transport solid waste, hazardous substances, hazardous wastes, biohazardous wastes, or any substance that may pose a threat to human health.

(2)  The department may by rule set standards for decontamination and provide for exceptions when the standards are met. The department may adopt rules to implement the provisions of this section. The department shall also adopt rules for administrative fines based upon the potential damage caused by violation, not to exceed the amount specified in subsection (3).

(3)  Any person who violates subsection (1) or the rules adopted under subsection (2) is subject to an administrative fine not to exceed $50,000 per violation. In addition, any person who violates subsection (1) is guilty of a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.

History.--s. 15, ch. 92-180; s. 14, ch. 94-180.

500.166  Records of interstate shipment.--For the purpose of enforcing this chapter, carriers engaged in interstate commerce and persons receiving food in interstate commerce shall, upon the request by an officer or employee duly designated by the department, permit the officer or employee to have access to and to copy all records showing the movement in interstate commerce of any food, and the quantity, shipper, and consignee thereof.

History.--s. 11, ch. 59-302; ss. 14, 19, 35, ch. 69-106; s. 433, ch. 77-147; s. 22, ch. 82-225; s. 14, ch. 87-388; s. 15, ch. 94-180.

Note.--Former s. 500.39.

500.167  Carriers in interstate commerce; exception.--Carriers engaged in interstate commerce are exempt from the provisions of this chapter, except ss. 500.165 and 500.166.

History.--s. 12, ch. 59-302; s. 23, ch. 82-225; s. 15, ch. 87-388; s. 16, ch. 92-180.

Note.--Former s. 500.40.

500.169  Enforcement of federal act.--The department may exercise the enforcement powers granted by, and subject to the limitations of, 21 U.S.C. s. 337(b).

History.--s. 16, ch. 94-180.

500.171  Injunction to restrain violation.--In addition to the remedies provided in this chapter and notwithstanding the existence of any adequate remedy at law, the department may bring an action to enjoin the violation or threatened violation of any provision of this chapter, or rule adopted under this chapter, in the circuit court of the county in which the violation occurred or is about to occur. Upon the department's presentation of competent and substantial evidence to the court of the violation or threatened violation, the court shall immediately issue the temporary or permanent injunction sought by the department. The injunction shall be issued without bond. A single act in violation of any provision of this chapter shall be sufficient to authorize the issuance of an injunction.

History.--s. 4, ch. 19656, 1939; CGL 1940 Supp. 4151(668); ss. 14, 19, 35, ch. 69-106; s. 418, ch. 77-147; s. 1, ch. 81-36; s. 7, ch. 82-225; s. 22, ch. 97-220.

Note.--Former s. 500.05.

500.172  Embargoing, detaining, destroying of food or food-processing equipment that is in violation.--

(1)  When the department or its duly authorized agent finds, or has probable cause to believe, that any food or food-processing equipment is in violation of this chapter or any rule adopted under this chapter so as to be dangerous, unwholesome, fraudulent, or insanitary within the meaning of this chapter, an agent of the department may issue and enforce a stop-sale, stop-use, removal, or hold order, which order gives notice that such article or processing equipment is, or is suspected of being, in violation and has been detained or embargoed and which order warns all persons not to remove, use, or dispose of such article or processing equipment by sale or otherwise until permission for removal, use, or disposal is given by the department or the court. It is unlawful for any person to remove, use, or dispose of such detained or embargoed article or processing equipment by sale or otherwise without such permission.

(2)  If an article or processing equipment detained or embargoed under subsection (1) has been found by the department to be in violation of law or rule, the department may, within a reasonable period of time after the issuance of such notice, petition the circuit court, in the jurisdiction of which the article or processing equipment is detained or embargoed, for an order for condemnation of such article or processing equipment. When the department has found that an article or processing equipment so detained or embargoed is not in violation, the department shall rescind the stop-sale, stop-use, removal, or hold order.

(3)  If the court finds that the detained or embargoed article or processing equipment is in violation, such article or processing equipment shall, after entry of the decree, be destroyed or made sanitary at the expense of the claimant thereof under the supervision of the department; all court costs, fees, and storage and other proper expenses shall be taxed against the claimant of such article or processing equipment or her or his agent. However, if the violation can be corrected by proper labeling of the article or sanitizing of processing equipment, and after such costs, fees, and expenses have been paid and a good and sufficient bond, conditioned that such article be so labeled or processed or such processing equipment so sanitized, has been executed, the court may by order direct that such article or processing equipment be delivered to the claimant thereof for such labeling, processing, or sanitizing under the supervision of the department. The expense of such supervision shall be paid by the claimant. Such bond shall be returned to the claimant of the article or processing equipment on representation to the court by the department that the article or processing equipment is no longer in violation of this chapter and that the expenses of such supervision have been paid.

(4)  When the department or any of its authorized agents finds in any room, building, vehicle, or other structure any meat, seafood, poultry, vegetable, fruit, or other perishable articles which are unsound or contain any filthy, decomposed, or putrid substances, or which may be poisonous or deleterious to health or otherwise unsafe, the same being hereby declared to be a nuisance, the department, or its authorized agent, shall forthwith condemn or destroy the same, or in any other manner render the same unsalable as human food.

History.--s. 6, ch. 19656, 1939; CGL 1940 Supp. 4151(669); s. 18, ch. 59-302; ss. 14, 19, 35, ch. 69-106; s. 2, ch. 70-994; s. 8, ch. 82-225; s. 16, ch. 87-388; s. 17, ch. 94-180; s. 606, ch. 97-103.

Note.--Former s. 500.06.

500.173  Causes for seizure and condemnation of foods.--Any article of food that is adulterated or misbranded under the provisions of this chapter is subject to seizure and condemnation by the department or by its duly authorized agents designated for that purpose in regard to foods.

History.--s. 13, ch. 59-302; s. 3, ch. 61-456; ss. 14, 19, 35, ch. 69-106; s. 434, ch. 77-147; s. 24, ch. 82-225; s. 17, ch. 87-388.

Note.--Former s. 500.41.

500.174  Seizure; procedure; prohibition on sale or disposal of article; penalty.--

(1)  Whenever the department or its duly authorized agent finds cause, or has probable cause to believe that a ground exists for the seizure of any food as set out in this chapter, an agent of the department shall affix to the article a tag, stamp, or other appropriate marking, giving notice that the article is, or is suspected of being, subject to seizure under this chapter and that the article has been detained and seized by the department. The department shall also warn all persons not to remove or dispose of the article by sale or otherwise, until permission of the department, or of the court of competent jurisdiction in the jurisdiction of which the article was detained or seized, is given. It is unlawful for any person to remove or dispose of the detained or seized article by sale or otherwise without permission of the department or of the court in such cases. Any person who violates this subsection is guilty of a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.

(2)  Any person who sells candy containing more than 0.5 percent by volume of alcohol in violation of s. 500.10(3) is guilty of a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.

History.--s. 14, ch. 59-302; ss. 14, 19, 35, ch. 69-106; s. 455, ch. 71-136; s. 435, ch. 77-147; s. 25, ch. 82-225; s. 121, ch. 83-218; s. 3, ch. 87-269; s. 18, ch. 87-388; s. 36, ch. 91-220; s. 18, ch. 94-180.

Note.--Former s. 500.42.

500.175  Condemnation and sale; release of seized article.--

(1)  When any article detained or seized under s. 500.174 has been found by the department to be subject to seizure and condemnation under s. 500.174, the department may petition a court for an order of condemnation or sale, as the court may direct. The proceeds of the sale of food used for human consumption, less the legal costs and charges, shall be deposited in the State Treasury into the General Inspection Trust Fund.

(2)  Upon the payment of the costs of the condemnation proceeding and upon the execution and delivery of a surety bond to the effect that the goods shall not be sold or otherwise disposed of contrary to the provisions of this chapter, the department or court may order that the goods be delivered to the owner thereof instead of being condemned or sold.

(3)  If the department finds that any article seized under the provisions of s. 500.174 was not subject to seizure under that section, the department or the designated officer or employee shall remove the tag or marking.

History.--s. 15, ch. 59-302; s. 1, ch. 61-31; ss. 14, 19, 35, ch. 69-106; s. 436, ch. 77-147; s. 26, ch. 82-225; s. 19, ch. 87-388.

Note.--Former s. 500.43.

500.177  Penalty for violation of s. 500.04; dissemination of false advertisement.--

(1)  Any person who violates any provision of s. 500.04 is guilty of a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083; but, if the violation is committed after a conviction of such person under this section has become final, such person is guilty of a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.

(2)  No person shall be subject to the penalties of subsection (1) for having violated s. 500.04(1) or (3) if he or she establishes a guaranty or undertaking, which guaranty or undertaking is signed by and contains the name and address of the person residing in the state or the manufacturer from whom he or she received the article in good faith, to the effect that such article is not adulterated or misbranded within the meaning of this chapter, citing the appropriate section thereof.

(3)  A publisher, radio-broadcast licensee, or agency or medium for the dissemination of an advertisement, except the food establishment or the seller of the article to which a false advertisement relates, is not liable under this section by reason of the dissemination of such false advertisement, unless the publisher, licensee, or agency or medium refuses, on the request of the department, to furnish the name and post office address of the food establishment, seller, or advertising agency in the state which caused the dissemination of such advertisement.

History.--s. 5, ch. 19656, 1939; CGL 1940 Supp. 7678(1); ss. 14, 19, 35, ch. 69-106; s. 451, ch. 71-136; s. 429, ch. 77-147; s. 3, ch. 81-36; s. 18, ch. 82-225; s. 122, ch. 83-218; s. 20, ch. 87-388; s. 19, ch. 94-180; s. 607, ch. 97-103; s. 23, ch. 97-220.

Note.--Former s. 500.24.

500.178  Duty of state attorney.--Each state attorney to whom the department or its designated agent reports any violation of this chapter shall cause an appropriate proceeding to be instituted in the proper court without delay and to be prosecuted in the manner required by law.

History.--s. 7, ch. 19656, 1939; CGL 1940 Supp. 4151(670); s. 1, ch. 65-402; ss. 14, 19, 35, ch. 69-106; s. 419, ch. 77-147; s. 6, ch. 78-95; s. 9, ch. 82-225; s. 21, ch. 87-388; s. 20, ch. 94-180.

Note.--Former s. 500.07.

500.179  Issuance of warnings for minor violations.--Nothing in this chapter shall be construed as requiring the department to report, for the institution of proceedings under this chapter, minor violations of this chapter when it believes that the public interest will be adequately served in the circumstances by a suitable written notice or warning.

History.--s. 8, ch. 19656, 1939; CGL 1940 Supp. 4151(671); ss. 14, 19, 35, ch. 69-106; s. 420, ch. 77-147; s. 10, ch. 82-225; s. 22, ch. 87-388.

Note.--Former s. 500.08.

500.301  Standards of enrichment for grain products; definitions.--As used in ss. 500.301-500.306, the term:

(1)  "Enrichment" means the replacement of those essential nutrients removed in the processing and refining of grain products. The nutrients specified in state bread and cereal enrichment laws and stipulated in federal standards of identity are iron, thiamine, riboflavin, and niacin.

(2)  "Federal standard of enrichment" means the definition and standard of identity for a food established pursuant to the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act and acts amendatory thereof.

(3)  "State standard" means the rules adopted by this state and now in effect under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act and Fair Packaging and Labeling Act as amended in 21 U.S.C. ss. 301 et seq.

(4)  "Wheat flour" includes, and is limited to, the following foods made from wheat, as defined in federal standards: flour (white flour, wheat flour, plain flour); enriched flour; bromated flour; enriched bromated flour; durum flour; self-rising flour (self-rising white flour, self-rising wheat flour); enriched self-rising flour; phosphated flour (phosphated white flour, phosphated wheat flour); instantized flours (instant blending flours, quick mixing flours); whole wheat flour (graham flour, entire wheat flour); bromated whole wheat flour; whole durum wheat flour; crushed wheat (coarse ground wheat); cracked wheat; farina; enriched farina; and semolina.

(5)  "Enriched flour" includes, and is limited to, the following kinds of wheat flour, as defined in federal standards for enrichment: enriched flour; enriched bromated flour; enriched self-rising flour (including instantized, instant blending, and quick-mixing forms of each of the foregoing); enriched farina; and any other enriched wheat flour for which a federal standard for enrichment is established after January 1, 1975.

(6)  "Corn flour and related products" includes, but is not limited to, foods made from corn meeting the standards for white cornmeal, yellow cornmeal, bolted white cornmeal, bolted yellow cornmeal, degerminated white cornmeal, degermed white cornmeal, degerminated yellow cornmeal, degermed yellow cornmeal, self-rising white cornmeal, self-rising yellow cornmeal, white corn flour, yellow corn flour, grits, corn grits, hominy grits, yellow grits, yellow corn grits, yellow hominy grits, quick grits, quick-cooking grits, and instant grits.

(7)  "Rice" includes the following kinds of products defined in the federal standards: all forms of milled rice, except rice coated with talc and glucose and known as coated rice, to which nutrients may be added.

(8)  "White bread" includes, and is limited to, any bread made with wheat flour, whether baked in a pan or on a hearth or screen, which is commonly known or usually represented as white bread.

(9)  "Rolls" includes, but is not limited to, rolls and buns of the semibread type, such as soft rolls, hamburger rolls, hot dog rolls, Parker House rolls, and hard rolls.

(10)  "Macaroni products" means, and is limited to, foods that are prepared by drying formed units of dough made from semolina, durum flour, or farina, or any combination of two or more of these, and water and with or without one or more of the ingredients as identified by the federal Food and Drug Administration. These products include macaroni, spaghetti, and vermicelli.

(11)  "Noodle products" includes, and is limited to, foods that are prepared by drying formed units of dough made from semolina, durum flour, or farina, or any combination of two or more of these, with liquid eggs, frozen eggs, dried eggs, egg yolks, frozen yolks, or dried yolks, or any combination of two or more of these, with or without water and with or without one or more of the optional ingredients identified by the federal Food and Drug Administration. These products include noodles, egg noodles, egg macaroni, egg spaghetti, and egg vermicelli.

(12)  "Sell at retail," if used with reference to a food intended for human consumption, means sale of the food to a purchaser for her or his personal, family, or household consumption, and not for resale.

History.--s. 1, ch. 74-41; s. 27, ch. 82-225; s. 43, ch. 83-216; s. 23, ch. 87-388; s. 21, ch. 94-180; s. 608, ch. 97-103.

Note.--Former s. 500.500.

500.302  Unlawful retail sales.--It is unlawful for any person to sell at retail in this state any grain product for which there is a state standard of enrichment which product does not conform to state standards of enrichment.

History.--s. 3, ch. 74-41; s. 29, ch. 82-225; s. 22, ch. 94-180.

Note.--Former s. 500.504.

500.303  Standards established by departmental rule.--The department shall by rule establish a state standard for each grain product defined in s. 500.301, which standard must conform so far as practicable with, and must not be inconsistent with, the federal standard of enrichment for the same product. State standards shall, from time to time, be amended to conform similarly to the federal standard of enrichment.

History.--s. 2, ch. 74-41; s. 30, ch. 82-225; s. 23, ch. 94-180.

Note.--Former s. 500.501.

500.304  Enforcement.--The department is charged with the duty of enforcing ss. 500.301-500.306 and is authorized and directed to adopt, amend, or rescind rules and orders for the efficient enforcement of such sections. The department is further authorized to:

(1)  Suspend the requirement of s. 500.302 for a temporary period if it finds that there is an existing or imminent shortage of any vitamin or mineral required by state standards of enrichment.

(2)  Permit the omission, in whole or in part, of any vitamin or mineral from a food in the class of foods to which s. 500.303 applies if it finds that the inclusion of such class may adversely affect one or more desirable characteristics of the food.

(3)  Exempt, in whole or in part, from ss. 500.301-500.306 sales to hospitals or other such institutions, or foods served by these institutions, if it is found that good reason for such exemption exists.

History.--s. 5, ch. 74-41; s. 31, ch. 82-225; s. 24, ch. 87-388; s. 24, ch. 94-180.

Note.--Former s. 500.502.

500.305  Investigations; inspections.--For the purposes of ss. 500.301-500.306, the department is authorized to:

(1)  Take samples for analysis.

(2)  Conduct examinations and investigations.

(3)  Enter at reasonable times any factory, mill, bakery, warehouse, shop, or establishment where any wheat flour, cornmeal, corn grits, or rice, or any food containing any of these products, is manufactured, processed, packed, sold, or held or any vehicle being used for the transportation thereof.

(4)  Inspect any such place or vehicle; any such wheat flour, cornmeal, corn grits, rice, or food therein; and any and all pertinent equipment, materials, containers, and labeling.

History.--s. 6, ch. 74-41; s. 28, ch. 82-225; s. 25, ch. 87-388; s. 25, ch. 94-180.

Note.--Former s. 500.503.

500.306  Violations of ss. 500.301-500.305; penalty.--Any person who violates any provision of ss. 500.301-500.305 is guilty of a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.

History.--s. 7, ch. 74-41; s. 32, ch. 82-225; s. 26, ch. 87-388; s. 26, ch. 94-180.

Note.--Former s. 500.505.

500.451  Horse meat; sale for human consumption.--

(1)  It is unlawful for any person to sell in the markets of this state horse meat for human consumption unless the horse meat is clearly stamped, marked, and described as horse meat for human consumption.

(2)  A person that violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.

History.--ss. 1, 2, ch. 21986, 1943; s. 11, ch. 25035, 1949; s. 454, ch. 71-136; s. 19, ch. 82-225; s. 27, ch. 94-180.

Note.--Former s. 500.33.

500.459  Water vending machines.--

(1)  LEGISLATIVE INTENT.--It is the intent of the Legislature to protect the public health through licensing and establishing standards for water vending machines to ensure that consumers obtaining water through such means are given appropriate information as to the nature of such water and that such consumers are assured that the water meets acceptable standards for human consumption.

(2)  DEFINITIONS.--

(a)  "Sanitized" means treated in conformity with 21 C.F.R. s. 110.3 (1996).

(b)  "Vended water" means water dispensed by means of a water vending machine.

(c)  "Water vending machine" means a self-service device that, upon insertion of a coin or token or upon receipt of payment by other means, dispenses a serving of water into a container.

(d)  "Water vending machine operator" means a person who owns, leases, or manages, or is otherwise responsible for, the operation of a water vending machine.

(3)  PERMITTING REQUIREMENTS.--

(a)  Each person or public body that establishes, maintains, or operates any water vending machine in the state must secure an operating permit from the department each year.

(b)  An application for an operating permit must be made in writing to the department on forms provided by the department and must be accompanied by a fee as provided in subsection (4). The application must state the location of each water vending machine, the source of the water to be vended, the treatment the water will receive prior to being vended, and any other information considered necessary by the department.

(4)  FEES.--A person seeking an operating permit must pay the department a fee not exceeding $200, which fee shall be set by rule of the department. Such fees shall be deposited in the General Inspection Trust Fund.

(5)  OPERATING STANDARDS.--

(a)  A water vending machine operator must obtain a permit prior to operating any water vending machine.

(b)  Each water vending machine must be located indoors or otherwise protected against tampering and vandalism and must be located in an area that can be maintained in a clean condition and in a manner that avoids insect and rodent harborage. The floor upon which the water vending machine is located should be smooth and of cleanable construction.

(c)  The source of water supply must be an approved public water system.

¹(d)  Each water vending machine must have a backflow prevention device that conforms with s. 553.06 and an adequate system for collecting and handling dripping, spillage, and overflow of water.

(e)  All parts and surfaces of a water vending machine with which water comes into contact must be made of nontoxic, corrosion-resistant, nonabsorbent material capable of withstanding repeated cleaning and sanitizing treatments.

(f)  Each water vending machine must be maintained in a clean and sanitary condition, free from rust, dirt, and vermin.

(g)  The vended water must receive treatment and postdisinfection according to approved methods established by rule of the department. Activated carbon, if used, must comply with specifications for granular activated carbon used in water treatment applications as established by rule of the department.

(h)  The vended water may not be described as "purified water" unless the water conforms to the definition of that term. Further, a water vending machine operator must not claim that the vended water has medicinal or health-giving properties and must not describe any vended water as "spring water."

(i)  The operator shall place on each water vending machine, in a position clearly visible to customers, the following information: the name and address of the operator; the operating permit number; the fact that the water is obtained from a public water supply; the method of treatment used; the method of postdisinfection used; and a local or toll-free telephone number that may be called for obtaining further information, reporting problems, or making complaints.

(6)  DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE DEPARTMENT.--

(a)  The department has authority to adopt rules pursuant to ss. 120.536(1) and 120.54 to implement the provisions of this section conferring duties upon it.

(b)  If, considering the source of water and the treatment process provided by the water vending machine, the department finds that the vended water will not meet the primary and secondary drinking water quality standards as provided for in department rules, the permit shall be denied. Specific technical reasons for the denial shall be given by the department.

(c)  The water from each water vending machine shall be sampled and tested for compliance with the water quality standards established by rule of the department at regular intervals established by rule of the department.

(d)  The vended water from each water vending machine using silver-impregnated carbon filters in the treatment process shall be sampled for silver at regular intervals established by rule of the department.

(e)  The department shall order a water vending machine operator to discontinue the operation of any water vending machine the condition of which represents a threat to the life or health of any person, or when the vended water does not meet the standards provided in this section. Such water vending machine must not be returned to use or be used until the department determines that the condition that caused the discontinuance of operation no longer exists.

(7)  PENALTIES.--

(a)  The department may deny, suspend, or revoke a permit if it finds that there has been a substantial failure to comply with this section or rules adopted under this section.

(b)  Any person who operates a water vending machine without first obtaining an operating permit as required by subsection (3), who operates a water vending machine in violation of an order to discontinue operation, or who maintains or operates a water vending machine after revocation of the operating permit is guilty of a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.

History.--s. 1, ch. 84-118; s. 1, ch. 85-65; s. 40, ch. 85-81; s. 61, ch. 91-224; s. 30, ch. 91-297; s. 4, ch. 91-429; s. 36, ch. 92-78; s. 3, ch. 92-180; s. 31, ch. 94-180; s. 24, ch. 97-220; s. 170, ch. 98-200; s. 32, ch. 98-287; s. 128, ch. 2000-141; s. 16, ch. 2000-308.

¹Note.--Section 32, ch. 98-287, as amended by s. 128, ch. 2000-141, amended paragraph (d) of subsection (5), effective July 1, 2001, to read:

(d)  Each water vending machine must have a backflow prevention device that conforms with the applicable provision of the Florida Building Code and an adequate system for collecting and handling dripping, spillage, and overflow of water.

Note.--Former s. 381.295; s. 381.0071.

500.511  Fees; enforcement; preemption.--

(1)  FEES.--All fees collected under s. 500.459 shall be deposited into the General Inspection Trust Fund and shall be accounted for separately and used for the sole purpose of administering the provisions of such section.

(2)  ENFORCEMENT AND PENALTIES.--In addition to the provisions contained in s. 500.459, the department may enforce s. 500.459 in the manner provided in s. 500.121. Any person who violates a provision of s. 500.459 or any rule adopted under such section shall be punished as provided in such section. However, criminal penalties may not be imposed against any person who violates a rule.

(3)  PREEMPTION OF AUTHORITY TO REGULATE.--Regulation of bottled water plants, water vending machines, water vending machine operators, and packaged ice plants is preempted by the state. No county or municipality may adopt or enforce any ordinance that regulates the licensure or operation of bottled water plants, water vending machines, or packaged ice plants, unless it is determined that unique conditions exist within the county which require the county to regulate such entities in order to protect the public health. This subsection does not prohibit a county or municipality from requiring an occupational license tax pursuant to chapter 205.

History.--s. 33, ch. 94-180; s. 25, ch. 97-220.

500.601  Retail sale of meat; definitions; disclosure, penalties.--

(1)  As used in this section, the term:

(a)  "Cutting loss" means the weight of meat, fat, and bone removed from the carcass, side, quarter, or primal source during standard or custom cutting procedures.

(b)  "Gross or hanging weight" means the weight of any single carcass, side, quarter, or primal source of meat prior to cutting or trimming such meat into any constituent part.

(c)  "Primal source" means the following cuts of meat:

1.  The round, flank, loin, rib, plate, brisket, chuck, and shank of beef.

2.  The leg, flank, loin, rack (rib), and shoulder of veal, lamb, or mutton.

3.  The belly, loin, ham spareribs, shoulder, and jowl of pork.

(d)  "Seller" means any person, partnership, corporation, or association, however organized, engaged in the retail sale of meat.

(2)  This section does not apply to any seller whose total annual retail sales are less than $10,000, or to any retail food business that sells multiple items, including meat, produce, dairy products, baked goods, and food staples, the primary business of which is not the retail sale of meat or meat cutting.

(3)  A seller of a single carcass, side, quarter, or primal source of meat may sell such meat based on gross or hanging weight if the meat is derived from a single carcass, side, quarter, or primal source of meat. With respect to any other retail sale of meat, the seller must disclose in writing to the buyer the net weight, the selling price per pound, and the total selling price of each cut.

(4)  A seller of a single carcass, side, quarter, or primal source of meat that sells such meat based on gross or hanging weight must provide to the buyer, in writing, the following information at the times indicated:

(a)  Prior to sale:

1.  The name and address of the seller.

2.  The estimated gross or hanging weight of the order.

3.  The U.S.D.A. quality grade of the meat to be supplied, if so graded.

4.  The estimated total price of the order.

5.  The estimated cutting loss on the order.

6.  A list, by name and estimated count, of each cut to be derived from each primal source.

7.  The price per pound of the carcass, side, quarter, or primal source before cutting and wrapping.

8.  Additional costs of cutting, wrapping, and freezing, if any.

9.  A statement that the buyer may keep the cutting loss.

(b)  At the time of delivery:

1.  The name and address of the seller.

2.  The total delivered weight of the meat.

3.  The cutting loss.

4.  A list, by name and count, of each cut derived from each primal source.

This subsection does not apply to the sale of a single carcass, side, quarter, or primal source of meat which has a gross or hanging weight of 50 pounds or less.

(5)(a)  Any person who violates any provision of this section is guilty of a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.

(b)  In addition to any other remedies provided in this section and notwithstanding the existence of any adequate remedy at law, the Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services may make application for injunction to a circuit court and such court shall have jurisdiction upon hearing and for cause shown to grant a temporary or permanent injunction, or both, restraining any person from violating or continuing to violate any provision of this section.

History.--s. 1, ch. 90-13; s. 34, ch. 94-180.