The Florida Senate

941.01  Definition.

941.02  Fugitives from justice; duty of Governor.

941.03  Form of demand.

941.04  Governor may investigate case.

941.05  Extradition of persons imprisoned or awaiting trial in another state or who have left the demanding state under compulsion.

941.06  Extradition of persons not present in demanding state at time of commission of crime.

941.07  Issue of Governor's warrant of arrest; its recitals.

941.08  Manner and place of execution.

941.09  Authority of arresting officer.

941.10  Rights of accused person; application for writ of habeas corpus.

941.11  Penalty for noncompliance with s. 941.10.

941.12  Confinement in jail when necessary.

941.13  Arrest prior to requisition.

941.14  Arrest without a warrant.

941.15  Commitment to await requisition; bail.

941.16  Bail; in what cases; conditions of bond.

941.17  Extension of time of commitment, adjournment.

941.18  Forfeiture of bail.

941.19  Persons under criminal prosecution in this state at time of requisition.

941.20  Guilt or innocence of accused, when inquired into.

941.21  Governor may recall warrant or issue alias.

941.22  Fugitives from this state; duty of Governor.

941.23  Application for issuance of requisition; by whom made; contents.

941.24  Costs and expenses.

941.25  Immunity from service of process in certain civil actions.

941.26  Written waiver of extradition proceedings.

941.27  Nonwaiver by this state.

941.28  No right of asylum; no immunity from other criminal prosecutions while in this state.

941.29  Interpretation.

941.30  Short title; ss. 941.01-941.29.

941.31  Fresh pursuit; authority of officers of other states; etc.

941.32  Fresh pursuit; arrest; etc.

941.33  Fresh pursuit; validity of arrest.

941.34  Definition of "state."

941.35  Definition of "fresh pursuit."

941.37  Short title; ss. 941.31-941.35.

941.38  Extradition of persons alleged to be of unsound mind.

941.39  Extradition of persons alleged to be of unsound mind; definitions.

941.40  Extradition of persons alleged to be of unsound mind; procedure; limitation of detention; costs.

941.41  Extradition of persons alleged to be of unsound mind; Governor to demand.

941.42  Extradition of persons alleged to be of unsound mind; purpose of law.

941.01  Definition.--Where appearing in this chapter, the term "Governor" includes any person performing the functions of Governor by authority of the law of this state. The term "executive authority" includes the governor and any person performing the functions of governor in a state other than this state. The term "state," referring to a state other than this state, includes any other state or territory, organized or unorganized, of the United States.

History.--s. 1, ch. 20460, 1941.

941.02  Fugitives from justice; duty of Governor.--Subject to the provisions of this chapter, the provisions of the Constitution of the United States controlling, and any and all Acts of Congress enacted in pursuance thereof, it is the duty of the Governor of this state to have arrested and delivered up to the executive authority of any other state of the United States any person charged in that state with treason, felony, or other crime, who has fled from justice and is found in this state.

History.--s. 2, ch. 20460, 1941.

941.03  Form of demand.--No demand for the extradition of a person charged with crime in another state shall be recognized by the Governor unless in writing alleging, except in cases arising under s. 941.06, that the accused was present in the demanding state at the time of the commission of the alleged crime, and that thereafter he or she fled from the state, and accompanied by an authenticated copy of an indictment found or by information supported by affidavit in the state having jurisdiction of the crime, or by a copy of a warrant supported by an affidavit made before a committing magistrate of the demanding state; or by a copy of a judgment of conviction or of a sentence imposed in execution thereof, together with a statement by the executive authority of the demanding state that the person claimed has escaped from confinement or has broken the terms of his or her bail, probation, or parole. The indictment, information, or affidavit made before the magistrate must substantially charge the person demanded with having committed a crime under the law of that state; and the copy of indictment, information, affidavit, judgment of conviction, or sentence must be authenticated by the executive authority making the demand.

History.--s. 3, ch. 20460, 1941; s. 1596, ch. 97-102.

941.04  Governor may investigate case.--When a demand shall be made upon the Governor of this state by the executive authority of another state for the surrender of a person so charged with crime, the Governor may call upon the Department of Legal Affairs or any prosecuting officer in this state to investigate or assist in investigating the demand, and to report to him or her the situation and circumstances of the person so demanded, and whether the person ought to be surrendered.

History.--s. 4, ch. 20460, 1941; ss. 11, 35, ch. 69-106; s. 1597, ch. 97-102.

941.05  Extradition of persons imprisoned or awaiting trial in another state or who have left the demanding state under compulsion.--

(1)  When it is desired to have returned to this state a person charged in this state with a crime, and such person is imprisoned or is held under criminal proceedings then pending against the person in another state, the Governor of this state may agree with the executive authority of such other state for the extradition of such person before the conclusion of such proceedings or the person's term of sentence in such other state, upon condition that such person be returned to such other state at the expense of this state as soon as the prosecution in this state is terminated.

(2)  The Governor of this state may also surrender on demand of the executive authority of any other state any person in this state who is charged in the manner provided in s. 941.23 with having violated the laws of the state whose executive authority is making the demand, even though such person left the demanding state involuntarily.

History.--s. 5, ch. 20460, 1941; s. 1598, ch. 97-102.

941.06  Extradition of persons not present in demanding state at time of commission of crime.--The Governor of this state may also surrender, on demand of the executive authority of any other state, any person in this state charged in such other state in the manner provided in s. 941.03 with committing an act in this state, or in a third state, intentionally resulting in a crime in the state whose executive authority is making the demand, and the provisions of this chapter not otherwise inconsistent, shall apply to such cases, even though the accused was not in that state at the time of the commission of the crime, and has not fled therefrom.

History.--s. 6, ch. 20460, 1941.

941.07  Issue of Governor's warrant of arrest; its recitals.--If the Governor decides that the demand should be complied with, he or she shall sign a warrant of arrest, which shall be sealed with the state seal, and be directed to any peace officer or other person whom the Governor may think fit to entrust with the execution thereof. The warrant shall be sufficient if it substantially recites facts to show that an extraditable crime has been committed under the laws of the demanding state.

History.--s. 7, ch. 20460, 1941; s. 1599, ch. 97-102.

941.08  Manner and place of execution.--Such warrant shall authorize the peace officer or other person to whom directed to arrest the accused at any time and any place where he or she may be found within the state and to command the aid of all peace officers or other persons in the execution of the warrant, and to deliver the accused, subject to the provisions of this chapter, to the duly authorized agent of the demanding state.

History.--s. 8, ch. 20460, 1941; s. 1600, ch. 97-102.

941.09  Authority of arresting officer.--Every such peace officer or other person empowered to make the arrest, shall have the same authority, in arresting the accused, to command assistance therein, as peace officers have by law in the execution of any criminal process directed to them, with like penalties against those who refuse their assistance.

History.--s. 9, ch. 20460, 1941.

941.10  Rights of accused person; application for writ of habeas corpus.--

(1)  No person arrested upon such warrant shall be delivered over to the agent whom the executive authority demanding the person shall have appointed to receive him or her unless the person shall first be taken forthwith before a judge of a court of record in this state, who shall inform the person of the demand made for his or her surrender and of the crime with which the person is charged, and that the person has the right to demand and procure legal counsel; and if the prisoner or his or her counsel shall state that he or she or they desire to test the legality of the arrest, the judge of such court of record shall fix a reasonable time to be allowed him or her within which to apply for a writ of habeas corpus. When such writ is applied for, notice thereof, and of the time and place of hearing thereon, shall be given to the state attorney for the county in which the arrest is made, and in which the accused is in custody, and to the said agent of the demanding state.

(2)  A warrant issued under s. 941.07 shall be presumed to be valid, and unless a court finds that the person in custody is not the same person named in the warrant, or that the person is not a fugitive from justice, or otherwise subject to extradition under s. 941.06, or that there is no criminal charge or criminal proceeding pending against the person in the demanding state, or that the documents are not on their face in order, the person named in the warrant shall be held in custody at all times and shall not be eligible for release on bail.

History.--s. 10, ch. 20460, 1941; s. 7, ch. 22858, 1945; s. 1, ch. 65-518; s. 44, ch. 73-334; s. 9, ch. 88-381; s. 1, ch. 93-126; s. 1601, ch. 97-102.

941.11  Penalty for noncompliance with s. 941.10.--Any officer who shall deliver to the agent for extradition of the demanding state a person in his or her custody under the Governor's warrant, in willful disobedience to s. 941.10, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.

History.--s. 11, ch. 20460, 1941; s. 1165, ch. 71-136; s. 77, ch. 95-211; s. 1602, ch. 97-102.

941.12  Confinement in jail when necessary.--

(1)  The officer or persons executing the Governor's warrant of arrest, or the agent of the demanding state to whom the prisoner may have been delivered, may, when necessary, confine the prisoner in the jail of any county or city through which he or she may pass; and the keeper of such jail must receive and safely keep the prisoner until the legal sufficiency of the prisoner's arrest has been determined by the court and the officer or person having charge of the prisoner is ready to proceed on his or her route; such officer or person shall pay the jailer holding the prisoner the costs of the prisoner's jailing and keeping.

(2)  The officer or agent of a demanding state to whom a prisoner may have been delivered following extradition proceedings in another state, or to whom a prisoner may have been delivered after waiving extradition in such other state, and who is passing through this state with such a prisoner for the purpose of immediately returning such prisoner to the demanding state may, when necessary, confine the prisoner in the jail of any county or city through which he or she may pass; and the keeper of such jail must receive and safely keep the prisoner until the officer or agent having charge of the prisoner is ready to proceed on his or her route, such officer or agent, however, being chargeable with the expense of keeping; provided, however, that such officer or agent shall produce and show to the keeper of such jail satisfactory written evidence of the fact that he or she is actually transporting such prisoner to the demanding state after a requisition by the executive authority of such demanding state. Such prisoner shall not be entitled to demand a new requisition while in this state.

History.--s. 12, ch. 20460, 1941; s. 24, ch. 57-1; s. 1603, ch. 97-102.

941.13  Arrest prior to requisition.--Whenever any person within this state shall be charged on the oath of any credible person before any judge or magistrate of this state with the commission of any crime in any other state, and except in cases arising under s. 941.06 with having fled from justice or with having been convicted of a crime in that state and having escaped from confinement, or having broken the terms of his or her bail, probation, or parole, or whenever complaint shall have been made before any judge or magistrate in this state setting forth on the affidavit of any credible person in another state that a crime has been committed in such other state and that the accused has been charged in such state with the commission of the crime, and, except in cases arising under s. 941.06, has fled from justice, or with having been convicted of a crime in that state and having escaped from confinement, or having broken the terms of his or her bail, probation, or parole, and is believed to be in this state, the judge or magistrate shall issue a warrant directed to any peace officer commanding him or her to apprehend the person named therein, wherever the person may be found in this state, and to bring the person before the same or any other judge, magistrate, or court who or which may be available in, or convenient of, access to the place where the arrest may be made, to answer the charge or complaint and affidavit, and a certified copy of the sworn charge or complaint and affidavit upon which the warrant is issued shall be attached to the warrant.

History.--s. 13, ch. 20460, 1941; s. 1604, ch. 97-102.

941.14  Arrest without a warrant.--The arrest of a person may be lawfully made also by any peace officer or a private person, without a warrant upon reasonable information that the accused stands charged in the courts of a state with a crime punishable by death or imprisonment for a term exceeding 1 year, but when so arrested the accused must be taken before a judge or magistrate with all practicable speed and complaint must be made against the accused under oath setting forth the ground for the arrest as in the preceding section; and thereafter his or her answer shall be heard as if the accused had been arrested on a warrant.

History.--s. 14, ch. 20460, 1941; s. 1605, ch. 97-102.

941.15  Commitment to await requisition; bail.--If from the examination before the judge or magistrate it appears that the person held is the person charged with having committed the crime alleged and, except in cases arising under s. 941.06, that the person has fled from justice, the judge or magistrate must, by a warrant reciting the accusation, commit the person to the county jail for such a time not exceeding 30 days and specified in the warrant, as will enable the arrest of the accused to be made under a warrant of the Governor on a requisition of the executive authority of the state having jurisdiction of the offense, unless the accused give bail as provided in the next section, or until the accused shall be legally discharged.

History.--s. 15, ch. 20460, 1941; s. 7, ch. 22858, 1945; s. 1606, ch. 97-102.

941.16  Bail; in what cases; conditions of bond.--Unless the offense with which the prisoner is charged is shown to be an offense punishable by death or life imprisonment under the laws of the state in which it was committed, a judge or other judicial officer having power of commitment in this state may admit the person arrested to bail by bond, with sufficient sureties, and in such sum as he or she deems proper, conditioned for the prisoner's appearance before him or her at a time specified in such bond, and for the prisoner's surrender, to be arrested upon the warrant of the Governor of this state.

History.--s. 16, ch. 20460, 1941; s. 1607, ch. 97-102.

941.17  Extension of time of commitment, adjournment.--If the accused is not arrested under warrant of the Governor by the expiration of the time specified in the warrant or bond, a judge or magistrate may discharge the accused or may recommit him or her for a further period not to exceed 60 days, or a judge or magistrate judge may again take bail for his or her appearance and surrender, as provided in s. 941.16, but within a period not to exceed 60 days after the date of such new bond.

History.--s. 17, ch. 20460, 1941; s. 1608, ch. 97-102.

941.18  Forfeiture of bail.--If the prisoner is admitted to bail, and fails to appear and surrender himself or herself according to the conditions of his or her bond, the judge, or magistrate by proper order, shall declare the bond forfeited and order his or her immediate arrest without warrant if he or she be within this state. Recovery may be had on such bond in the name of the state as in the case of other bonds given by the accused in criminal proceedings within this state.

History.--s. 18, ch. 20460, 1941; s. 1609, ch. 97-102.

941.19  Persons under criminal prosecution in this state at time of requisition.--If a criminal prosecution has been instituted against such person under the laws of this state and is still pending, the Governor, in his or her discretion, either may surrender the person on demand of the executive authority of another state or hold the person until he or she has been tried and discharged or convicted and punished in this state.

History.--s. 19, ch. 20460, 1941; s. 1610, ch. 97-102.

941.20  Guilt or innocence of accused, when inquired into.--The guilt or innocence of the accused as to the crime of which he or she is charged may not be inquired into by the Governor or in any proceeding after the demand for extradition accompanied by a charge of crime in legal form as above provided shall have been presented to the Governor, except as it may be involved in identifying the person held as the person charged with the crime.

History.--s. 20, ch. 20460, 1941; s. 1611, ch. 97-102.

941.21  Governor may recall warrant or issue alias.--The Governor may recall his or her warrant or warrants of arrest or may issue another warrant whenever he or she deems proper.

History.--s. 21, ch. 20460, 1941; s. 1612, ch. 97-102.

941.22  Fugitives from this state; duty of Governor.--Whenever the Governor of this state shall demand a person charged with crime or with escaping from confinement or breaking the terms of his or her bail, probation, or parole in this state, from the executive authority of any other state, or from the Chief Justice or an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the District of Columbia authorized to receive such demand under the laws of the United States, the Governor shall issue a warrant under the seal of this state, to some agent, commanding the agent to receive the person so charged if delivered to him or her and convey the person to the proper officer of the county in this state in which the offense was committed.

History.--s. 22, ch. 20460, 1941; s. 1613, ch. 97-102.

941.23  Application for issuance of requisition; by whom made; contents.--

(1)  When the return to this state of a person charged with crime in this state is required, the bailiff or state attorney shall present to the Governor his or her written application for a requisition for the return of the person charged, in which application shall be stated the name of the person so charged, the crime charged against the person, the approximate time, place, and circumstances of its commission, the state in which the person is believed to be, including the location of the accused therein, at the time the application is made and certifying that, in the opinion of the said state attorney the ends of justice require the arrest and return of the accused to this state for trial and that the proceeding is not instituted to enforce a private claim.

(2)  When the return to this state is required of a person who has been convicted of a crime in this state and has escaped from confinement or broken the terms of his or her bail, probation, or parole, the state attorney of the county in which the offense was committed, the Parole Commission, the Department of Corrections, or the warden of the institution or sheriff of the county, from which escape was made, shall present to the Governor a written application for a requisition for the return of such person, in which application shall be stated the name of the person, the crime of which the person was convicted, the circumstances of his or her escape from confinement or of the breach of the terms of his or her bail, probation, or parole, and the state in which the person is believed to be, including the location of the person therein at the time application is made.

(3)  The application shall be verified by affidavit, shall be executed in duplicate, and shall be accompanied by two certified copies of the indictment returned or information and affidavit filed or of the complaint made to the judge, stating the offense with which the accused is charged, or of the judgment of conviction or of the sentence. The prosecuting officer, Parole Commission, Department of Corrections, warden, or sheriff may also attach such further affidavits and other documents in duplicate as he or she shall deem proper to be submitted with such application. One copy of the application, with the action of the Governor indicated by endorsement thereon, and one of the certified copies of the indictment, complaint, information, and affidavits or of the judgment of conviction or of the sentence shall be filed in the office of the Department of State to remain of record in that office. The other copies of all papers shall be forwarded with the Governor's requisition.

History.--s. 23, ch. 20460, 1941; s. 7, ch. 22858, 1945; ss. 10, 35, ch. 69-106; s. 44, ch. 73-334; s. 19, ch. 77-120; s. 32, ch. 79-3; s. 49, ch. 88-122; s. 1614, ch. 97-102.

941.24  Costs and expenses.--The costs and expenses of confinement of persons convicted in this state after extradition shall be paid as now or hereafter provided by law.

History.--s. 24, ch. 20460, 1941.

941.25  Immunity from service of process in certain civil actions.--A person brought into this state by, or after waiver of, extradition based on a criminal charge shall not be subject to service of personal process in civil actions arising out of the same facts as the criminal proceedings to answer which she or he is being or has been returned, until the person has been convicted in the criminal proceeding, or, if acquitted, until the person has had reasonable opportunity to return to the state from which she or he was extradited.

History.--s. 25, ch. 20460, 1941; s. 1615, ch. 97-102.

941.26  Written waiver of extradition proceedings.--

(1)  Any person arrested in this state charged with having committed any crime in another state or alleged to have escaped from confinement, or broken the terms of his or her bail, probation, or parole may waive the issuance and service of the warrant provided for in ss. 941.07 and 941.08, and all other procedure incidental to extradition proceedings, by executing or subscribing in the presence of a judge of any court of record within this state a writing which states that the person consents to return to the demanding state; provided, however, that before such waiver shall be executed or subscribed by such person, it shall be the duty of such judge to inform such person of his or her rights to the issuance and service of a warrant of extradition and to obtain a writ of habeas corpus as provided for in s. 941.10.

(2)  If and when such consent has been duly executed, it shall forthwith be forwarded to the office of the Governor of this state and filed therein. The judge shall direct the officer having such person in custody to deliver forthwith such person to the duly accredited agent or agents of the demanding state, and shall deliver or cause to be delivered to such agent or agents a copy of such consent; provided, however, that nothing in this section shall be deemed to limit the rights of the accused person to return voluntarily and without formality to the demanding state, nor shall this waiver procedure be deemed to be an exclusive procedure or to limit the powers, rights, or duties of the officers of the demanding state or of this state.

(3)  Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a law enforcement agency in this state holding a person who is alleged to have broken the terms of his or her probation, parole, bail, or other release in the demanding state shall immediately deliver the person to the duly authorized agent of the demanding state without the requirement of a governor's warrant if:

(a)  The person has signed a prior waiver of extradition as a term of his or her current probation, parole, bail, or other release in the demanding state; and

(b)  The law enforcement agency holding the person has received a copy of the prior waiver of extradition signed by the person and confirmed by the demanding agency, as well as photographs or fingerprints or other evidence properly identifying the person as the person who signed the waiver.

History.--s. 25-A, ch. 20460, 1941; s. 2, ch. 93-126; s. 1616, ch. 97-102.

941.27  Nonwaiver by this state.--Nothing in this chapter contained shall be deemed to constitute a waiver by this state of its right, power, or privilege to try such demanded person for crime committed within this state, or of its right, power, or privilege to regain custody of such person by extradition proceedings or otherwise for the purpose of trial, sentence, or punishment for any crime committed within this state, nor shall any proceedings had under this chapter which result in, or fail to result in, extradition be deemed a waiver by this state of any of its rights, privileges, or jurisdiction in any way whatsoever.

History.--s. 25-B, ch. 20460, 1941.

941.28  No right of asylum; no immunity from other criminal prosecutions while in this state.--After a person has been brought back to this state by, or after waiver of, extradition proceedings, the person may be tried in this state for other crimes which he or she may be charged with having committed here as well as that specified in the requisition for his or her extradition.

History.--s. 26, ch. 20460, 1941; s. 250, ch. 77-104; s. 1617, ch. 97-102.

941.29  Interpretation.--The provisions of ss. 941.01-941.30 shall be so interpreted and construed as to effectuate its general purposes to make uniform the law of those states which enact it.

History.--s. 27, ch. 20460, 1941; s. 7, ch. 22858, 1945.

941.30  Short title; ss. 941.01-941.29.--Sections 941.01-941.29 may be cited as the "Uniform Criminal Extradition Law."

History.--s. 30, ch. 20460, 1941.

941.31  Fresh pursuit; authority of officers of other states; etc.--Any duly authorized state, county, or municipal arresting officer of another state of the United States who enters this state in fresh pursuit, and continues within this state in such fresh pursuit, of a person in order to arrest him or her on the ground that the person is believed to have committed a felony in such other state, shall have the same authority to arrest and hold such person in custody, as has any authorized arresting officer, state, county, or municipal, of this state, to arrest and hold in custody a person on the ground that the person is believed to have committed a felony in this state.

History.--s. 1, ch. 20461, 1941; s. 1618, ch. 97-102.

941.32  Fresh pursuit; arrest; etc.--If an arrest is made in this state by an officer of another state in accordance with the provisions of s. 941.31, the officer shall without unnecessary delay take the person so arrested before a county court judge or other judicial officer having jurisdiction of commitment, of the county in which the arrest was made, who shall conduct a hearing for the purpose of determining the lawfulness of the arrest. If the committing judicial officer determines that the arrest was lawful, she or he shall commit the person arrested to await for a reasonable time the issuance of an extradition warrant by the Governor of this state, or admit the person to bail for such purpose. If the committing judicial officer determines that the arrest was unlawful, she or he shall discharge the person arrested.

History.--s. 2, ch. 20461, 1941; s. 44, ch. 73-334; s. 1619, ch. 97-102.

941.33  Fresh pursuit; validity of arrest.--Section 941.31 shall not be construed so as to make unlawful any arrest in this state which would otherwise be lawful.

History.--s. 3, ch. 20461, 1941.

941.34  Definition of "state."--For the purpose of this law the word "state" shall include the District of Columbia.

History.--s. 4, ch. 20461, 1941.

941.35  Definition of "fresh pursuit."--The term "fresh pursuit" as used in this law shall include fresh pursuit as defined by the common law, and also the pursuit of a person who has committed a felony or who is reasonably suspected of having committed a felony. It shall also include the pursuit of a person suspected of having committed a supposed felony, though no felony has actually been committed, if there is reasonable ground for believing that a felony has been committed. Fresh pursuit as used herein shall not necessarily imply instant pursuit, but pursuit without unreasonable delay.

History.--s. 5, ch. 20461, 1941.

941.37  Short title; ss. 941.31-941.35.--Sections 941.31-941.35 may be cited as the "Uniform Law on Fresh Pursuit."

History.--s. 8, ch. 20461, 1941; s. 56, ch. 83-215.

941.38  Extradition of persons alleged to be of unsound mind.--

(1)  A person alleged to be of unsound mind found in this state who has fled from another state in which at the time of flight, the person was under detention by law in a hospital or other institution for the mentally ill; or had been heretofore determined by legal proceedings to be mentally incompetent, the finding being unreversed and in full force and effect, and the control of his or her person having been acquired by a court of competent jurisdiction of the state from which he or she fled; or the person was subject to detention in such state, being then his or her legal domicile (personal service of process having been made) based on legal proceedings then pending to have the person declared mentally incompetent, shall on demand of the executive authority of the state from which the person fled be delivered up to be removed thereto.

(2)  For the purpose of this section:

(a)  A "mentally ill person" is one who has an impairment of the emotional processes, of the ability to exercise conscious control of one's actions, or of the ability to perceive reality or to understand, which impairment substantially interferes with a person's ability to meet the ordinary demands of living, regardless of etiology.

(b)  A "mentally incompetent person" is one who because of mental illness, mental retardation, senility, excessive use of drugs or alcohol, or other mental incapacity is incapable of either managing his or her property or caring for himself or herself or both.

History.--s. 2, ch. 29686, 1955; s. 6, ch. 88-33; s. 1620, ch. 97-102.

941.39  Extradition of persons alleged to be of unsound mind; definitions.--In this chapter, unless the context or subject matter otherwise requires:

(1)  "Flight" or "fled" means any voluntary or involuntary departure from the jurisdiction of the court where the proceedings hereinafter mentioned may have been instituted and are still pending, with the effect of avoiding, impounding, or delaying the action of the court in which said proceedings may have been instituted or be pending, or any such departure from the state where the person demanded then was, if he or she then was under detention by law as a person of unsound mind and subject to detention.

(2)  "State" means states, territories, districts and insular and other possessions of the United States.

(3)  "Justice of Supreme Court of District of Columbia" as applied to a request to return any person within the purview of this chapter to or from the District of Columbia shall be included and have the same meaning as the terms "executive authority," "governor," and "chief magistrate."

History.--s. 1, ch. 29686, 1955; s. 1621, ch. 97-102.

941.40  Extradition of persons alleged to be of unsound mind; procedure; limitation of detention; costs.--

(1)  Whenever the executive authority of any state demands of the executive authority of this state any fugitive within the purview of s. 941.38 and produces a copy of the commitment, decree, or other judicial process and proceeding, certified as authentic by the governor or chief magistrate of the state from which the person so charged has fled, with an affidavit made before a proper officer showing the person to be such a fugitive, it shall be the duty of the executive authority of this state to cause the fugitive to be apprehended and secured, if found in this state; to cause immediate notice of the apprehension to be given to the executive authority making such demand, or to the agent of such authority appointed to receive the fugitive; and to cause the fugitive to be delivered to such agent when he or she shall appear.

(2)  Any agent so appointed who receives the fugitive into custody shall be empowered to transmit the fugitive to the state from which he or she has fled.

(3)  If no such agent appears within 30 days from the time of the apprehension, the fugitive may be discharged.

(4)  All costs and expenses incurred in apprehending, securing, maintaining, and transmitting such fugitive to the state making such demand shall be paid by such state.

History.--ss. 3-6, ch. 29686, 1955; s. 179, ch. 83-216; s. 1622, ch. 97-102.

941.41  Extradition of persons alleged to be of unsound mind; Governor to demand.--The Governor is vested with the power, on the application of any person interested, to demand the return to this state of any fugitive within the purview of this statute.

History.--s. 7, ch. 29686, 1955.

941.42  Extradition of persons alleged to be of unsound mind; purpose of law.--This law is remedial and shall be in addition and as a supplement to any and all existing methods of procedure, including reciprocal agreements between this state and any other state for the transfer of persons of unsound mind; and shall be so interpreted and construed as to effectuate its general purpose to make uniform the law of those states which enact it.

History.--ss. 8, 9, ch. 29686, 1955.

941.45  Interstate Agreement on Detainers.

941.46  Definition.

941.47  Cooperation with other states.

941.49  Responsibility of delivery.

941.50  Designation of officer.

941.45  Interstate Agreement on Detainers.--The interstate compact known as the "Interstate Agreement on Detainers" is enacted into law and entered into by the state as a party, and is of full force and effect between the state and any other states joining therein in the form substantially as follows:

The party states find that charges outstanding against a prisoner, detainers based on untried indictments, informations, or complaints, and difficulties in securing speedy trial of persons already incarcerated in other jurisdictions produce uncertainties which obstruct programs of prisoner treatment and rehabilitation. Accordingly, it is the policy of the party states and the purpose of this agreement to encourage the expeditious and orderly disposition of such charges and determination of the proper status of any and all detainers based on untried indictments, informations, or complaints. The party states also find that proceedings with reference to such charges and detainers, when emanating from another jurisdiction, cannot properly be had in the absence of cooperative procedures. It is the further purpose of this agreement to provide such cooperative procedures.

As used in this agreement:

(a)  "State" means the United States of America, a state, territory, or possession of the United States, the District of Columbia, or the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico.

(b)  "Sending state" means a state in which a prisoner is incarcerated at the time he or she initiates a request for final disposition pursuant to Article III or at the time that a request for custody or availability is initiated pursuant to Article IV.

(c)  "Receiving state" means the state in which trial is to be had on an indictment, information, or complaint pursuant to Article III or Article IV.

(a)  Whenever a person has entered upon a term of imprisonment in a penal or correctional institution of a party state, and whenever during the continuance of the term of imprisonment there is pending in any other party state any untried indictment, information, or complaint on the basis of which a detainer has been lodged against the prisoner, he or she shall be brought to trial within 180 days after the prisoner shall have caused to be delivered to the prosecuting officer and the appropriate court of the prosecuting officer's jurisdiction written notice of the place of his or her imprisonment and the prisoner's request for a final disposition to be made of the indictment, information, or complaint; provided that, for good cause shown in open court, the prisoner or the prisoner's counsel being present, the court having jurisdiction of the matter may grant any necessary or reasonable continuance. The request of the prisoner shall be accompanied by a certificate of the appropriate official having custody of the prisoner, stating the term of commitment under which the prisoner is being held, the time already served, the time remaining to be served on the sentence, the amount of good time earned, the time of parole eligibility of the prisoner, and any decisions of the state parole agency relating to the prisoner.

(b)  The written notice and request for final disposition referred to in paragraph (a) shall be given or sent by the prisoner to the warden, commissioner of corrections, or other official having custody of the prisoner, who shall promptly forward it together with the certificate to the appropriate prosecuting official and court by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested.

(c)  The warden, commissioner of corrections, or other official having custody of the prisoner shall promptly inform the prisoner of the source and contents of any detainer lodged against him or her and shall also inform the prisoner of his or her right to make a request for final disposition of the indictment, information, or complaint on which the detainer is based.

(d)  Any request for final disposition made by a prisoner pursuant to paragraph (a) shall operate as a request for final disposition of all untried indictments, informations, or complaints on the basis of which detainers have been lodged against the prisoner from the state to whose prosecuting official the request for final disposition is specifically directed. The warden, commissioner of corrections, or other official having custody of the prisoner shall forthwith notify all appropriate prosecuting officers and courts in the several jurisdictions within the state to which the prisoner's request for final disposition is being sent of the proceeding being initiated by the prisoner. Any notification sent pursuant to this paragraph shall be accompanied by copies of the prisoner's written notice, request, and the certificate. If trial is not had on any indictment, information, or complaint contemplated hereby prior to the return of the prisoner to the original place of imprisonment, such indictment, information, or complaint shall not be of any further force or effect, and the court shall enter an order dismissing the same with prejudice.

(e)  Any request for final disposition made by a prisoner pursuant to paragraph (a) shall also be deemed to be a waiver of extradition with respect to any charge or proceeding contemplated thereby or included therein by reason of paragraph (d), and a waiver of extradition to the receiving state to serve any sentence there imposed upon him or her, after completion of the prisoner's term of imprisonment in the sending state. The request for final disposition shall also constitute a consent by the prisoner to the production of his or her body in any court where the prisoner's presence may be required in order to effectuate the purposes of this agreement and a further consent voluntarily to be returned to the original place of imprisonment in accordance with the provisions of this agreement. Nothing in this paragraph shall prevent the imposition of a concurrent sentence if otherwise permitted by law.

(f)  Escape from custody by the prisoner subsequent to his or her execution of the request for final disposition referred to in paragraph (a) shall void the request.

(a)  The appropriate officer of the jurisdiction in which an untried indictment, information, or complaint is pending shall be entitled to have a prisoner against whom the officer has lodged a detainer and who is serving a term of imprisonment in any party state made available in accordance with Article V(a) upon presentation of a written request for temporary custody or availability to the appropriate authorities of the state in which the prisoner is incarcerated; provided that the court having jurisdiction of such indictment, information, or complaint shall have duly approved, recorded, and transmitted the request and provided further that there shall be a period of 30 days after receipt by the appropriate authorities before the request be honored, within which period the governor of the sending state may disapprove the request for temporary custody or availability, either upon the governor's own motion or upon motion of the prisoner.

(b)  Upon receipt of the officer's written request as provided in paragraph (a), the appropriate authorities having the prisoner in custody shall furnish the officer with a certificate stating the term of commitment under which the prisoner is being held, the time already served, the time remaining to be served on the sentence, the amount of good time earned, the time of parole eligibility of the prisoner, and any decisions of the state parole agency relating to the prisoner. Said authorities simultaneously shall furnish all other officers and appropriate courts in the receiving state who have lodged detainers against the prisoner with similar certificates and with notices informing them of the request for custody or availability and of the reasons therefor.

(c)  In respect of any proceeding made possible by this article, trial shall be commenced within 120 days of the arrival of the prisoner in the receiving state, but for good cause shown in open court, the prisoner or the prisoner's counsel being present, the court having jurisdiction of the matter may grant any necessary or reasonable continuance.

(d)  Nothing contained in this article shall be construed to deprive any prisoner of any right which the prisoner may have to contest the legality of his or her delivery as provided in paragraph (a), but such delivery may not be opposed or denied on the ground that the executive authority of the sending state has not affirmatively consented to or ordered such delivery.

(e)  If trial is not had on any indictment, information, or complaint contemplated hereby prior to the prisoner's being returned to the original place of imprisonment pursuant to paragraph (e) of Article V, such indictment, information, or complaint shall not be of any further force or effect, and the court shall enter an order dismissing the same with prejudice.

(a)  In response to a request made under Article III or Article IV, the appropriate authority in a sending state shall offer to deliver temporary custody of such prisoner to the appropriate authority in the state where such indictment, information, or complaint is pending against such person in order that speedy and efficient prosecution may be had. If the request for final disposition is made by the prisoner, the offer of temporary custody shall accompany the written notice provided for in Article III. In the case of a federal prisoner, the appropriate authority in the receiving state shall be entitled to temporary custody as provided by this article or to the prisoner's presence in federal custody at the place for trial, whichever custodial arrangement may be approved by the custodian.

(b)  The officer or other representative of a state accepting an offer of temporary custody shall present the following upon demand:

1.  Proper identification and evidence of the officer's authority to act for the state into whose temporary custody the prisoner is to be given, and

2.  A duly certified copy of the indictment, information, or complaint on the basis of which the detainer has been lodged and on the basis of which the request for temporary custody of the prisoner has been made.

(c)  If the appropriate authority shall refuse or fail to accept temporary custody of said person, or in the event that an action on the indictment, information, or complaint on the basis of which the detainer has been lodged is not brought to trial within the period provided in Article III or Article IV, the appropriate court of the jurisdiction where the indictment, information, or complaint has been pending shall enter an order dismissing the same with prejudice, and any detainer based thereon shall cease to be of any force or effect.

(d)  The temporary custody referred to in this article shall be only for the purpose of permitting prosecution on the charge or charges contained in one or more untried indictments, informations, or complaints which form the basis of the detainer or detainers or for prosecution on any other charge or charges arising out of the same transaction. Except for the prisoner's attendance at court and while being transported to or from any place at which his or her presence may be required, the prisoner shall be held in a suitable jail or other facility regularly used for persons awaiting prosecution.

(e)  At the earliest practicable time consonant with the purposes of this agreement, the prisoner shall be returned to the sending state.

(f)  During the continuance of temporary custody or while the prisoner is otherwise being made available for trial as required by this agreement, time being served on the sentence shall continue to run but good time shall be earned by the prisoner only if, and to the extent that, the law and practice of the jurisdiction which imposed the sentence may allow.

(g)  For all purposes other than that for which temporary custody as provided in this article is exercised, the prisoner shall be deemed to remain in the custody of and subject to the jurisdiction of the sending state and any escape from temporary custody may be dealt with in the same manner as an escape from the original place of imprisonment or in any other manner permitted by law.

(h)  From the time that a party state receives custody of a prisoner pursuant to this agreement until such prisoner is returned to the territory and custody of the sending state, the state in which the one or more untried indictments, informations, or complaints are pending or in which trial is being had shall be responsible for the prisoner and shall also pay all costs of transporting, caring for, keeping, and returning the prisoner. The provisions of this paragraph shall govern unless the states concerned have entered into a supplementary agreement providing for a different allocation of costs and responsibilities as between or among themselves. Nothing herein contained shall be construed to alter or affect any internal relationship among the departments, agencies, and officers of and in the government of a party state, or between a party state and its subdivisions, as to the payment of costs or responsibilities therefor.

(a)  In determining the duration and expiration dates of the time periods provided in Articles III and IV, the running of said time periods shall be tolled whenever and for as long as the prisoner is unable to stand trial, as determined by the court having jurisdiction of the matter.

(b)  No provision of this agreement, and no remedy made available by this agreement, shall apply to any person who is adjudged to be mentally ill.

Each state party to this agreement shall designate an officer who, acting jointly with like officers of other party states, shall promulgate rules and regulations to carry out more effectively the terms and provisions of this agreement and who shall provide, within and without the state, information necessary to the effective operation of this agreement.

This agreement shall enter into full force and effect as to a party state when such state has enacted the same into law. A state party to this agreement may withdraw herefrom by enacting a statute repealing the same. However, the withdrawal of any state shall not affect the status of any proceedings already initiated by inmates or by state officers at the time such withdrawal takes effect, nor shall it affect their rights in respect thereof.

This agreement shall be liberally construed so as to effectuate its purposes. The provisions of this agreement shall be severable, and if any phrase, clause, sentence, or provision of this agreement is declared to be contrary to the constitution of any party state or of the United States or the applicability thereof to any government, agency, person, or circumstance is held invalid, the validity of the remainder of this agreement and the applicability thereof to any government, agency, person, or circumstance shall not be affected thereby. If this agreement shall be held contrary to the constitution of any state party hereto, the agreement shall remain in full force and effect as to the remaining states and in full force and effect as to the state affected as to all severable matters.

History.--s. 1, ch. 73-287; s. 3, ch. 89-531; s. 1623, ch. 97-102.

941.46  Definition.--As used in this part, "appropriate court" means, with reference to the courts of this state, the circuit court possessing the proper venue.

History.--s. 2, ch. 73-287.

941.47  Cooperation with other states.--All courts, departments, agencies, officers, and employees of this state and its political subdivisions are hereby directed to enforce the agreement on detainers and to cooperate with one another and with other party states in enforcing the agreement and effectuating its purpose.

History.--s. 3, ch. 73-287.

941.49  Responsibility of delivery.--It shall be lawful and mandatory upon the warden or other official in charge of a penal or correctional institution in this state to give over the person of any inmate thereof whenever so required by the operation of the Agreement on Detainers.

History.--s. 5, ch. 73-287.

941.50  Designation of officer.--The officer who will serve as central administrator of, and information agent for, the Agreement on Detainers shall be designated by the secretary of the Department of Corrections.

History.--s. 6, ch. 73-287; s. 180, ch. 83-216.

941.55  Title.

941.56  Interstate Corrections Compact.

941.57  Powers.

941.55  Title.--This part may be cited as the "Interstate Corrections Compact."

History.--s. 1, ch. 73-288.

941.56  Interstate Corrections Compact.--The Interstate Corrections Compact is hereby enacted into law and entered into by this state with any other states legally joining therein in the form substantially as follows:

The party states, desiring by common action to fully utilize and improve their institutional facilities and provide adequate programs for the confinement, treatment, and rehabilitation of various types of offenders, declare that it is the policy of each of the party states to provide such facilities and programs on a basis of cooperation with one another, thereby serving the best interests of such offenders and of society and effecting economies in capital expenditures and operational costs. The purpose of this compact is to provide for the mutual development and execution of such programs of cooperation or the confinement, treatment, and rehabilitation of offenders with the most economical use of human and material resources.

As used in this compact, unless the context clearly requires otherwise:

(a)  "State" means a state of the United States; the United States of America; a territory or possession of the United States; the District of Columbia; the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico.

(b)  "Sending state" means a state party to this compact in which conviction or court commitment was had.

(c)  "Receiving state" means a state party to this compact to which an inmate is sent for confinement other than a state in which conviction or court commitment was had.

(d)  "Inmate" means a male or female offender who is committed, under sentence to, or confined in, a penal or correctional institution.

(e)  "Institution" means any penal or correctional facility, including, but not limited to, a facility for the mentally ill or mentally defective, in which inmates as defined in (d) above may lawfully be confined.

(a)  Each party state may make one or more contracts with any one or more of the other party states for the confinement of inmates on behalf of a sending state in institutions situated within receiving states. Any such contract shall provide for:

1.  Its duration.

2.  Payments to be made to the receiving state by the sending state for inmate maintenance, extraordinary medical and dental expenses, and any participation in or receipt by inmates of rehabilitative or correctional services, facilities, programs, or treatment not reasonably included as part of normal maintenance.

3.  Participation in programs of inmate employment, if any; the disposition or crediting of any payments received by inmates on account thereof; and the crediting of proceeds from, or disposal of, any products resulting therefrom.

4.  Delivery and retaking of inmates.

5.  Such other matters as may be necessary and appropriate to fix the obligations, responsibilities, and rights of the sending and receiving states.

(b)  The terms and provisions of this compact shall be a part of any contract entered into by the authority of or pursuant thereto, and nothing in any such contract shall be inconsistent therewith.

(a)  Whenever the duly constituted authorities in a state party to this compact which has entered into a contract pursuant to Article III shall decide that confinement in, or transfer of an inmate to, an institution within the territory of another party state is necessary or desirable in order to provide adequate quarters and care or an appropriate program of rehabilitation or treatment, said officials may direct that the confinement be within an institution within the territory of said other party state, the receiving state to act in that regard solely as agent for the sending state.

(b)  The appropriate officials of any state party to this compact shall have access, at all reasonable times, to any institution in which it has a contractual right to confine inmates for the purpose of inspecting the facilities thereof and visiting such of its inmates as may be confined in the institution.

(c)  Inmates confined in an institution pursuant to the terms of this compact shall at all times be subject to the jurisdiction of the sending state and may at any time be removed therefrom for transfer to a prison or other institution within the sending state, for transfer to another institution in which the sending state may have a contractual or other right to confine inmates, for release on probation or parole, for discharge, or for any other purpose permitted by the laws of the sending state; provided that the sending state shall continue to be obligated to such payments as may be required pursuant to the terms of any contract entered into under the terms of Article III.

(d)  Each receiving state shall provide regular reports to each sending state on the inmates of that sending state in institutions pursuant to this compact, including a conduct record of each inmate, and certify said record to the official designated by the sending state, in order that each inmate may have official review of his or her record in determining and altering the disposition of said inmate in accordance with the law which may obtain in the sending state and in order that the same may be a source of information for the sending state.

(e)  All inmates who may be confined in an institution pursuant to the provisions of this compact shall be treated in a reasonable and humane manner and shall be treated equally with such similar inmates of the receiving state as may be confined in the same institution. The fact of confinement in a receiving state shall not deprive any inmate so confined of any legal rights which said inmate would have had if confined in an appropriate institution of the sending state.

(f)  Any hearing or hearings to which an inmate confined pursuant to this compact may be entitled by the laws of the sending state may be had before the appropriate authorities of the sending state or of the receiving state if authorized by the sending state. The receiving state shall provide adequate facilities for such hearings as may be conducted by the appropriate officials of a sending state. In the event such hearing or hearings are had before officials of the receiving state, the governing law shall be that of the sending state and a record of the hearing or hearings as prescribed by the sending state shall be made. Said record together with any recommendations of the hearing officials shall be transmitted forthwith to the official or officials before whom the hearing would have been had if it had taken place in the sending state. In any and all proceedings had pursuant to the provisions of this subdivision, the officials of the receiving state shall act solely as agents of the sending state and no final determination shall be made in any matter except by the appropriate officials of the sending state.

(g)  Any inmate confined pursuant to this compact shall be released within the territory of the sending state unless the inmate, and the sending and receiving states, shall agree upon release in some other place. The sending state shall bear the cost of such return to its territory.

(h)  Any inmate confined pursuant to the terms of this compact shall have any and all rights to participate in and derive any benefits or incur or be relieved of any obligations or have such obligations modified or his or her status changed on account of any action or proceeding in which the inmate could have participated if confined in any appropriate institution of the sending state located within such state.

(i)  The parent, guardian, trustee, or other person or persons entitled under the laws of the sending state to act for, advise, or otherwise function with respect to any inmate shall not be deprived of or restricted in his or her exercise of any power in respect of any inmate confined pursuant to the terms of this compact.

(a)  Any decision of the sending state in respect of any matter over which it retains jurisdiction pursuant to this compact shall be conclusive upon and not reviewable within the receiving state, but if at the time the sending state seeks to remove an inmate from an institution in the receiving state there is pending against the inmate within such state any criminal charge, or if the inmate is formally accused of having committed within such state a criminal offense, the inmate shall not be returned without the consent of the receiving state until discharged from prosecution or other form of proceeding, imprisonment, or detention for such offense. The duly accredited officers of the sending state shall be permitted to transport inmates pursuant to this compact through any and all states party to this compact without interference.

(b)  An inmate who escapes from an institution in which he or she is confined pursuant to this compact shall be deemed a fugitive from the sending state and from the state in which the institution is situated. In the case of an escape to a jurisdiction other than the sending or receiving state, the responsibility for institution of extradition or rendition proceedings shall be that of the sending state, but nothing contained herein shall be construed to prevent or affect the activities of officers and agencies of any jurisdiction directed toward the apprehension and return of an escapee.

Any state party to this compact may accept federal aid for use in connection with any institution or program, the use of which is or may be affected by this compact or any contract pursuant hereto and any inmate in a receiving state pursuant to this compact may participate in any such federally aided program or activity for which the sending and receiving states have made contractual provision, provided that if such program or activity is not part of the customary correctional regimen, the express consent of the appropriate official of the sending state shall be required therefor.

This compact shall enter into force and become effective and binding upon the states so acting when it has been enacted into law by any two states. Thereafter, this compact shall enter into force and become effective and binding as to any other of said states upon similar action by such state.

This compact shall continue in force and remain binding upon a party state until it shall have enacted a statute repealing the same and providing for the sending of formal written notice of withdrawal from the compact to the appropriate officials of all other party states. An actual withdrawal shall not take effect until 1 year after the notices provided in said statute have been sent. Such withdrawal shall not relieve the withdrawing state from its obligations assumed hereunder prior to the effective date of withdrawal. Before the effective date of withdrawal, a withdrawing state shall remove to its territory, at its own expense, such inmates as it may have confined pursuant to the provisions of this compact.

Nothing contained in this compact shall be construed to abrogate or impair any agreement or other arrangement which a party state may have with a nonparty state for the confinement, rehabilitation, or treatment of inmates nor to repeal any other laws of a party state authorizing the making of cooperative institutional arrangements.

The provisions of this compact shall be liberally construed and shall be severable. If any phrase, clause, sentence, or provision of this compact is declared to be contrary to the constitution of any participating state or of the United States or the applicability thereof to any government, agency, person, or circumstance is held invalid, the validity of the remainder of this compact and the applicability thereof to any government, agency, person, or circumstance shall not be affected thereby. If this compact shall be held contrary to the constitution of any state participating therein, the compact shall remain in full force and effect as to the remaining states and in full force and effect as to the state affected as to all severable matters.

History.--s. 2, ch. 73-288; s. 1624, ch. 97-102.

941.57  Powers.--The Department of Corrections is hereby authorized and directed to do all things necessary or incidental to the carrying out of the compact in every particular.

History.--s. 3, ch. 73-288; s. 20, ch. 77-120; s. 33, ch. 79-3.