The Florida Senate

394.451  Short title.

394.453  Legislative intent.

394.455  Definitions.

394.457  Operation and administration.

394.4572  Screening of mental health personnel.

394.4573  Continuity of care management system; measures of performance; reports.

394.4574  Department responsibilities for a mental health resident who resides in an assisted living facility that holds a limited mental health license.

394.458  Introduction or removal of certain articles unlawful; penalty.

394.459  Rights of patients.

394.4593  Sexual misconduct prohibited; reporting required; penalties.

394.4595  Florida statewide and local advocacy councils; access to patients and records.

394.4597  Persons to be notified; patient's representative.

394.4598  Guardian advocate.

394.4599  Notice.

394.460  Rights of professionals.

394.461  Designation of receiving and treatment facilities.

394.4615  Clinical records; confidentiality.

394.462  Transportation.

394.4625  Voluntary admissions.

394.463  Involuntary examination.

394.4655  Involuntary outpatient placement.

394.467  Involuntary inpatient placement.

394.46715  Rulemaking authority.

394.4672  Procedure for placement of veteran with federal agency.

394.4674  Plan and report.

394.468  Admission and discharge procedures.

394.4685  Transfer of patients among facilities.

394.469  Discharge of involuntary patients.

394.473  Attorney's fee; expert witness fee.

394.475  Acceptance, examination, and involuntary placement of Florida residents from out-of-state mental health authorities.

394.4781  Residential care for psychotic and emotionally disturbed children.

394.4784  Minors; access to outpatient crisis intervention services and treatment.

394.4785  Children and adolescents; admission and placement in mental facilities.

394.4786  Intent.

394.47865  South Florida State Hospital; privatization.

394.4787  Definitions; ss. 394.4786, 394.4787, 394.4788, and 394.4789.

394.4788  Use of certain PMATF funds for the purchase of acute care mental health services.

394.4789  Establishment of referral process and eligibility determination.

394.451  Short title.--This part shall be known as "The Florida Mental Health Act" or "The Baker Act."

History.--s. 1, ch. 71-131.

394.453  Legislative intent.--It is the intent of the Legislature to authorize and direct the Department of Children and Family Services to evaluate, research, plan, and recommend to the Governor and the Legislature programs designed to reduce the occurrence, severity, duration, and disabling aspects of mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders. It is the intent of the Legislature that treatment programs for such disorders shall include, but not be limited to, comprehensive health, social, educational, and rehabilitative services to persons requiring intensive short-term and continued treatment in order to encourage them to assume responsibility for their treatment and recovery. It is intended that such persons be provided with emergency service and temporary detention for evaluation when required; that they be admitted to treatment facilities on a voluntary basis when extended or continuing care is needed and unavailable in the community; that involuntary placement be provided only when expert evaluation determines that it is necessary; that any involuntary treatment or examination be accomplished in a setting which is clinically appropriate and most likely to facilitate the person's return to the community as soon as possible; and that individual dignity and human rights be guaranteed to all persons who are admitted to mental health facilities or who are being held under s. 394.463. It is the further intent of the Legislature that the least restrictive means of intervention be employed based on the individual needs of each person, within the scope of available services.

History.--s. 2, ch. 71-131; s. 198, ch. 77-147; s. 1, ch. 79-298; s. 4, ch. 82-212; s. 2, ch. 84-285; s. 10, ch. 85-54; s. 1, ch. 91-249; s. 1, ch. 96-169; s. 96, ch. 99-8.

394.455  Definitions.--As used in this part, unless the context clearly requires otherwise, the term:

(1)  "Administrator" means the chief administrative officer of a receiving or treatment facility or his or her designee.

(2)  "Clinical psychologist" means a psychologist as defined in s. 490.003(7) with 3 years of postdoctoral experience in the practice of clinical psychology, inclusive of the experience required for licensure, or a psychologist employed by a facility operated by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs that qualifies as a receiving or treatment facility under this part.

(3)  "Clinical record" means all parts of the record required to be maintained and includes all medical records, progress notes, charts, and admission and discharge data, and all other information recorded by a facility which pertains to the patient's hospitalization or treatment.

(4)  "Clinical social worker" means a person licensed as a clinical social worker under chapter 491.

(5)  "Community facility" means any community service provider contracting with the department to furnish substance abuse or mental health services under part IV of this chapter.

(6)  "Community mental health center or clinic" means a publicly funded, not-for-profit center which contracts with the department for the provision of inpatient, outpatient, day treatment, or emergency services.

(7)  "Court," unless otherwise specified, means the circuit court.

(8)  "Department" means the Department of Children and Family Services.

(9)  "Express and informed consent" means consent voluntarily given in writing, by a competent person, after sufficient explanation and disclosure of the subject matter involved to enable the person to make a knowing and willful decision without any element of force, fraud, deceit, duress, or other form of constraint or coercion.

(10)  "Facility" means any hospital, community facility, public or private facility, or receiving or treatment facility providing for the evaluation, diagnosis, care, treatment, training, or hospitalization of persons who appear to have a mental illness or have been diagnosed as having a mental illness. "Facility" does not include any program or entity licensed pursuant to chapter 400.

(11)  "Guardian" means the natural guardian of a minor, or a person appointed by a court to act on behalf of a ward's person if the ward is a minor or has been adjudicated incapacitated.

(12)  "Guardian advocate" means a person appointed by a court to make decisions regarding mental health treatment on behalf of a patient who has been found incompetent to consent to treatment pursuant to this part. The guardian advocate may be granted specific additional powers by written order of the court, as provided in this part.

(13)  "Hospital" means a facility licensed under chapter 395.

(14)  "Incapacitated" means that a person has been adjudicated incapacitated pursuant to part V of chapter 744 and a guardian of the person has been appointed.

(15)  "Incompetent to consent to treatment" means that a person's judgment is so affected by his or her mental illness that the person lacks the capacity to make a well-reasoned, willful, and knowing decision concerning his or her medical or mental health treatment.

(16)  "Law enforcement officer" means a law enforcement officer as defined in s. 943.10.

(17)  "Mental health overlay program" means a mobile service which provides an independent examination for voluntary admissions and a range of supplemental onsite services to persons with a mental illness in a residential setting such as a nursing home, assisted living facility, adult family-care home, or nonresidential setting such as an adult day care center. Independent examinations provided pursuant to this part through a mental health overlay program must only be provided under contract with the department for this service or be attached to a public receiving facility that is also a community mental health center.

(18)  "Mental illness" means an impairment of the mental or emotional processes that exercise conscious control of one's actions or of the ability to perceive or understand reality, which impairment substantially interferes with a person's ability to meet the ordinary demands of living, regardless of etiology. For the purposes of this part, the term does not include retardation or developmental disability as defined in chapter 393, intoxication, or conditions manifested only by antisocial behavior or substance abuse impairment.

(19)  "Mobile crisis response service" means a nonresidential crisis service attached to a public receiving facility and available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, through which immediate intensive assessments and interventions, including screening for admission into a receiving facility, take place for the purpose of identifying appropriate treatment services.

(20)  "Patient" means any person who is held or accepted for mental health treatment.

(21)  "Physician" means a medical practitioner licensed under chapter 458 or chapter 459 who has experience in the diagnosis and treatment of mental and nervous disorders or a physician employed by a facility operated by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs which qualifies as a receiving or treatment facility under this part.

(22)  "Private facility" means any hospital or facility operated by a for-profit or not-for-profit corporation or association that provides mental health services and is not a public facility.

(23)  "Psychiatric nurse" means a registered nurse licensed under part I of chapter 464 who has a master's degree or a doctorate in psychiatric nursing and 2 years of post-master's clinical experience under the supervision of a physician.

(24)  "Psychiatrist" means a medical practitioner licensed under chapter 458 or chapter 459 who has primarily diagnosed and treated mental and nervous disorders for a period of not less than 3 years, inclusive of psychiatric residency.

(25)  "Public facility" means any facility that has contracted with the department to provide mental health services to all persons, regardless of their ability to pay, and is receiving state funds for such purpose.

(26)  "Receiving facility" means any public or private facility designated by the department to receive and hold involuntary patients under emergency conditions or for psychiatric evaluation and to provide short-term treatment. The term does not include a county jail.

(27)  "Representative" means a person selected to receive notice of proceedings during the time a patient is held in or admitted to a receiving or treatment facility.

(28)  "Secretary" means the Secretary of Children and Family Services.

(29)  "Transfer evaluation" means the process, as approved by the appropriate district office of the department, whereby a person who is being considered for placement in a state treatment facility is first evaluated for appropriateness of admission to the facility by a community-based public receiving facility or by a community mental health center or clinic if the public receiving facility is not a community mental health center or clinic.

(30)  "Treatment facility" means any state-owned, state-operated, or state-supported hospital, center, or clinic designated by the department for extended treatment and hospitalization, beyond that provided for by a receiving facility, of persons who have a mental illness, including facilities of the United States Government, and any private facility designated by the department when rendering such services to a person pursuant to the provisions of this part. Patients treated in facilities of the United States Government shall be solely those whose care is the responsibility of the United States Department of Veterans Affairs.

(31)  "Service provider" means any public or private receiving facility, an entity under contract with the Department of Children and Family Services to provide mental health services, a clinical psychologist, a clinical social worker, a physician, psychiatric nurse as defined in subsection (23), or a community mental health center or clinic as defined in this part.

(32)  "Involuntary examination" means an examination performed under s. 394.463 to determine if an individual qualifies for involuntary inpatient treatment under s. 394.467(1) or involuntary outpatient treatment under s. 394.4655(1).

(33)  "Involuntary placement" means either involuntary outpatient treatment pursuant to s. 394.4655 or involuntary inpatient treatment pursuant to s. 394.467.

History.--s. 3, ch. 71-131; s. 1, ch. 72-396; s. 1, ch. 73-133; s. 25, ch. 73-334; s. 199, ch. 77-147; s. 2, ch. 79-298; s. 1, ch. 80-398; s. 5, ch. 82-212; s. 46, ch. 83-218; s. 3, ch. 84-285; s. 11, ch. 85-54; s. 11, ch. 86-145; s. 10, ch. 87-238; s. 17, ch. 87-252; s. 41, ch. 89-526; s. 28, ch. 90-306; s. 21, ch. 92-33; s. 65, ch. 93-268; s. 705, ch. 95-148; s. 54, ch. 95-228; s. 2, ch. 96-169; s. 8, ch. 97-82; s. 21, ch. 97-198; s. 213, ch. 97-264; s. 92, ch. 2000-318; s. 1, ch. 2000-349; s. 1, ch. 2004-385.

394.457  Operation and administration.--

(1)  ADMINISTRATION.--The Department of Children and Family Services is designated the "Mental Health Authority" of Florida. The department and the Agency for Health Care Administration shall exercise executive and administrative supervision over all mental health facilities, programs, and services.

(2)  RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE DEPARTMENT.--The department is responsible for:

(a)  The planning, evaluation, and implementation of a complete and comprehensive statewide program of mental health, including community services, receiving and treatment facilities, child services, research, and training as authorized and approved by the Legislature, based on the annual program budget of the department. The department is also responsible for the coordination of efforts with other departments and divisions of the state government, county and municipal governments, and private agencies concerned with and providing mental health services. It is responsible for establishing standards, providing technical assistance, and exercising supervision of mental health programs of, and the treatment of patients at, community facilities, other facilities for persons who have a mental illness, and any agency or facility providing services to patients pursuant to this part.

(b)  The publication and distribution of an information handbook to facilitate understanding of this part, the policies and procedures involved in the implementation of this part, and the responsibilities of the various providers of services under this part. It shall stimulate research by public and private agencies, institutions of higher learning, and hospitals in the interest of the elimination and amelioration of mental illness.

(3)  POWER TO CONTRACT.--The department may contract to provide, and be provided with, services and facilities in order to carry out its responsibilities under this part with the following agencies: public and private hospitals; receiving and treatment facilities; clinics; laboratories; departments, divisions, and other units of state government; the state colleges and universities; the community colleges; private colleges and universities; counties, municipalities, and any other governmental unit, including facilities of the United States Government; and any other public or private entity which provides or needs facilities or services. Baker Act funds for community inpatient, crisis stabilization, short-term residential treatment, and screening services must be allocated to each county pursuant to the department's funding allocation methodology. Notwithstanding the provisions of s. 287.057(5)(f), contracts for community-based Baker Act services for inpatient, crisis stabilization, short-term residential treatment, and screening provided under this part, other than those with other units of government, to be provided for the department must be awarded using competitive sealed bids when the county commission of the county receiving the services makes a request to the department's district office by January 15 of the contracting year. The district shall not enter into a competitively bid contract under this provision if such action will result in increases of state or local expenditures for Baker Act services within the district. Contracts for these Baker Act services using competitive sealed bids will be effective for 3 years. Services contracted for by the department may be reimbursed by the state at a rate up to 100 percent. The department shall adopt rules establishing minimum standards for such contracted services and facilities and shall make periodic audits and inspections to assure that the contracted services are provided and meet the standards of the department.

(4)  APPLICATION FOR AND ACCEPTANCE OF GIFTS AND GRANTS.--The department may apply for and accept any funds, grants, gifts, or services made available to it by any agency or department of the Federal Government or any other public or private agency or individual in aid of mental health programs. All such moneys shall be deposited in the State Treasury and shall be disbursed as provided by law.

(5)  RULES.--

(a)  The department shall adopt rules establishing forms and procedures relating to the rights and privileges of patients seeking mental health treatment from facilities under this part.

(b)  The department shall adopt rules necessary for the implementation and administration of the provisions of this part, and a program subject to the provisions of this part shall not be permitted to operate unless rules designed to ensure the protection of the health, safety, and welfare of the patients treated through such program have been adopted.

(c)  The department shall adopt rules establishing minimum standards for services provided by a mental health overlay program or a mobile crisis response service.

(6)  PERSONNEL.--

(a)  The department shall, by rule, establish minimum standards of education and experience for professional and technical personnel employed in mental health programs, including members of a mobile crisis response service.

(b)  The department shall design and distribute appropriate materials for the orientation and training of persons actively engaged in implementing the provisions of this part relating to the involuntary examination and placement of persons who are believed to have a mental illness.

(7)  PAYMENT FOR CARE OF PATIENTS.--Fees and fee collections for patients in state-owned, state-operated, or state-supported treatment facilities shall be according to s. 402.33.

History.--s. 1, ch. 57-317; s. 1, ch. 59-222; s. 1, ch. 65-13; s. 3, ch. 65-22; s. 1, ch. 65-145; s. 1, ch. 67-334; ss. 11, 19, 31, 35, ch. 69-106; s. 4, ch. 71-131; s. 70, ch. 72-221; s. 2, ch. 72-396; s. 2, ch. 73-133; s. 25, ch. 73-334; s. 1, ch. 74-233; s. 200, ch. 77-147; s. 19, ch. 78-95; s. 3, ch. 78-332; s. 3, ch. 79-298; s. 6, ch. 82-212; s. 4, ch. 84-285; s. 12, ch. 85-54; s. 11, ch. 87-238; s. 2, ch. 90-225; s. 28, ch. 90-347; s. 7, ch. 91-33; s. 22, ch. 91-57; s. 89, ch. 91-221; s. 2, ch. 91-249; s. 11, ch. 93-156; s. 19, ch. 94-134; s. 19, ch. 94-135; s. 15, ch. 95-152; s. 37, ch. 95-228; s. 124, ch. 95-418; s. 3, ch. 96-169; s. 8, ch. 96-268; s. 209, ch. 96-406; s. 123, ch. 96-410; s. 97, ch. 99-8; s. 13, ch. 2001-278; s. 34, ch. 2002-207.

Note.--Former s. 965.01(3), s. 402.10.

394.4572  Screening of mental health personnel.--

(1)(a)  The department and the Agency for Health Care Administration shall require employment screening for mental health personnel using the standards for level 2 screening set forth in chapter 435. "Mental health personnel" includes all program directors, professional clinicians, staff members, and volunteers working in public or private mental health programs and facilities who have direct contact with unmarried patients under the age of 18 years. For purposes of this chapter, employment screening of mental health personnel shall also include, but is not limited to, employment screening as provided under chapter 435.

(b)  Students in the health care professions who are interning in a mental health facility licensed under chapter 395, where the primary purpose of the facility is not the treatment of minors, are exempt from the fingerprinting and screening requirements, provided they are under direct supervision in the actual physical presence of a licensed health care professional.

(c)  Mental health personnel working in a facility licensed under chapter 395 who have less than 15 hours per week of direct contact with patients or who are health care professionals licensed by the Agency for Health Care Administration or a board thereunder are exempt from the fingerprinting and screening requirements, except for persons working in mental health facilities where the primary purpose of the facility is the treatment of minors.

(d)  A volunteer who assists on an intermittent basis for less than 40 hours per month is exempt from the fingerprinting and screening requirements, provided the volunteer is under direct and constant supervision by persons who meet the screening requirements of paragraph (a).

(2)  The department or the Agency for Health Care Administration may grant exemptions from disqualification as provided in s. 435.06.

(3)  Prospective mental health personnel who have previously been fingerprinted or screened pursuant to this chapter, chapter 393, chapter 397, chapter 402, or chapter 409, or teachers who have been fingerprinted pursuant to chapter 1012, who have not been unemployed for more than 90 days thereafter, and who under the penalty of perjury attest to the completion of such fingerprinting or screening and to compliance with the provisions of this section and the standards for level 1 screening contained in chapter 435, shall not be required to be refingerprinted or rescreened in order to comply with any screening requirements of this part.

History.--s. 1, ch. 87-128; s. 1, ch. 87-141; s. 23, ch. 93-39; s. 4, ch. 96-169; s. 980, ch. 2002-387; s. 7, ch. 2004-267.

394.4573  Continuity of care management system; measures of performance; reports.--

(1)  For the purposes of this section:

(a)  "Case management" means those activities aimed at assessing client needs, planning services, linking the service system to a client, coordinating the various system components, monitoring service delivery, and evaluating the effect of service delivery.

(b)  "Case manager" means an individual who works with clients, and their families and significant others, to provide case management.

(c)  "Client manager" means an employee of the department who is assigned to specific provider agencies and geographic areas to ensure that the full range of needed services is available to clients.

(d)  "Continuity of care management system" means a system that assures, within available resources, that clients have access to the full array of services within the mental health services delivery system.

(2)  The department is directed to implement a continuity of care management system for the provision of mental health care, through the provision of client and case management, including clients referred from state treatment facilities to community mental health facilities. Such system shall include a network of client managers and case managers throughout the state designed to:

(a)  Reduce the possibility of a client's admission or readmission to a state treatment facility.

(b)  Provide for the creation or designation of an agency in each county to provide single intake services for each person seeking mental health services. Such agency shall provide information and referral services necessary to ensure that clients receive the most appropriate and least restrictive form of care, based on the individual needs of the person seeking treatment. Such agency shall have a single telephone number, operating 24 hours per day, 7 days per week, where practicable, at a central location, where each client will have a central record.

(c)  Advocate on behalf of the client to ensure that all appropriate services are afforded to the client in a timely and dignified manner.

(d)  Require that any public receiving facility initiating a patient transfer to a licensed hospital for acute care mental health services not accessible through the public receiving facility shall notify the hospital of such transfer and send all records relating to the emergency psychiatric or medical condition.

(3)  The department is directed to develop and include in contracts with service providers measures of performance with regard to goals and objectives as specified in the state plan. Such measures shall use, to the extent practical, existing data collection methods and reports and shall not require, as a result of this subsection, additional reports on the part of service providers. The department shall plan monitoring visits of community mental health facilities with other state, federal, and local governmental and private agencies charged with monitoring such facilities.

(4)  The department is directed to submit a report to the Legislature, prior to April 1 of each year, outlining departmental progress towards the implementation of the minimum staffing patterns' standards in state mental health treatment facilities. The report shall contain, by treatment facility, information regarding goals and objectives and departmental performance toward meeting each such goal and objective.

History.--ss. 3, 4, 5, ch. 80-384; s. 5, ch. 84-285; s. 1, ch. 89-211; s. 5, ch. 96-169.

394.4574  Department responsibilities for a mental health resident who resides in an assisted living facility that holds a limited mental health license.--

(1)  The term "mental health resident," for purposes of this section, means an individual who receives social security disability income due to a mental disorder as determined by the Social Security Administration or receives supplemental security income due to a mental disorder as determined by the Social Security Administration and receives optional state supplementation.

(2)  The department must ensure that:

(a)  A mental health resident has been assessed by a psychiatrist, clinical psychologist, clinical social worker, or psychiatric nurse, or an individual who is supervised by one of these professionals, and determined to be appropriate to reside in an assisted living facility. The documentation must be provided to the administrator of the facility within 30 days after the mental health resident has been admitted to the facility. An evaluation completed upon discharge from a state mental hospital meets the requirements of this subsection related to appropriateness for placement as a mental health resident if it was completed within 90 days prior to admission to the facility.

(b)  A cooperative agreement, as required in s. 400.4075, is developed between the mental health care services provider that serves a mental health resident and the administrator of the assisted living facility with a limited mental health license in which the mental health resident is living. Any entity that provides Medicaid prepaid health plan services shall ensure the appropriate coordination of health care services with an assisted living facility in cases where a Medicaid recipient is both a member of the entity's prepaid health plan and a resident of the assisted living facility. If the entity is at risk for Medicaid targeted case management and behavioral health services, the entity shall inform the assisted living facility of the procedures to follow should an emergent condition arise.

(c)  The community living support plan, as defined in s. 400.402, has been prepared by a mental health resident and a mental health case manager of that resident in consultation with the administrator of the facility or the administrator's designee. The plan must be provided to the administrator of the assisted living facility with a limited mental health license in which the mental health resident lives. The support plan and the agreement may be in one document.

(d)  The assisted living facility with a limited mental health license is provided with documentation that the individual meets the definition of a mental health resident.

(e)  The mental health services provider assigns a case manager to each mental health resident who lives in an assisted living facility with a limited mental health license. The case manager is responsible for coordinating the development of and implementation of the community living support plan defined in s. 400.402. The plan must be updated at least annually.

(3)  The Secretary of Children and Family Services, in consultation with the Agency for Health Care Administration, shall annually require each district administrator to develop, with community input, detailed plans that demonstrate how the district will ensure the provision of state-funded mental health and substance abuse treatment services to residents of assisted living facilities that hold a limited mental health license. These plans must be consistent with the substance abuse and mental health district plan developed pursuant to s. 394.75 and must address case management services; access to consumer-operated drop-in centers; access to services during evenings, weekends, and holidays; supervision of the clinical needs of the residents; and access to emergency psychiatric care.

History.--s. 9, ch. 97-82; s. 23, ch. 98-80; s. 12, ch. 2000-349.

394.458  Introduction or removal of certain articles unlawful; penalty.--

(1)(a)  Except as authorized by law or as specifically authorized by the person in charge of each hospital providing mental health services under this part, it is unlawful to introduce into or upon the grounds of such hospital, or to take or attempt to take or send therefrom, any of the following articles, which are hereby declared to be contraband for the purposes of this section:

1.  Any intoxicating beverage or beverage which causes or may cause an intoxicating effect;

2.  Any controlled substance as defined in chapter 893; or

3.  Any firearms or deadly weapon.

(b)  It is unlawful to transmit to, or attempt to transmit to, or cause or attempt to cause to be transmitted to, or received by, any patient of any hospital providing mental health services under this part any article or thing declared by this section to be contraband, at any place which is outside of the grounds of such hospital, except as authorized by law or as specifically authorized by the person in charge of such hospital.

(2)  A person who violates any provision of this section commits a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.

History.--s. 1, ch. 75-253; s. 201, ch. 77-147; s. 1, ch. 77-174; s. 6, ch. 96-169.

394.459  Rights of patients.--

(1)  RIGHT TO INDIVIDUAL DIGNITY.--It is the policy of this state that the individual dignity of the patient shall be respected at all times and upon all occasions, including any occasion when the patient is taken into custody, held, or transported. Procedures, facilities, vehicles, and restraining devices utilized for criminals or those accused of crime shall not be used in connection with persons who have a mental illness, except for the protection of the patient or others. Persons who have a mental illness but who are not charged with a criminal offense shall not be detained or incarcerated in the jails of this state. A person who is receiving treatment for mental illness shall not be deprived of any constitutional rights. However, if such a person is adjudicated incapacitated, his or her rights may be limited to the same extent the rights of any incapacitated person are limited by law.

(2)  RIGHT TO TREATMENT.--

(a)  A person shall not be denied treatment for mental illness and services shall not be delayed at a receiving or treatment facility because of inability to pay. However, every reasonable effort to collect appropriate reimbursement for the cost of providing mental health services to persons able to pay for services, including insurance or third-party payments, shall be made by facilities providing services pursuant to this part.

(b)  It is further the policy of the state that the least restrictive appropriate available treatment be utilized based on the individual needs and best interests of the patient and consistent with optimum improvement of the patient's condition.

(c)  Each person who remains at a receiving or treatment facility for more than 12 hours shall be given a physical examination by a health practitioner authorized by law to give such examinations, within 24 hours after arrival at such facility.

(d)  Every patient in a facility shall be afforded the opportunity to participate in activities designed to enhance self-image and the beneficial effects of other treatments, as determined by the facility.

(e)  Not more than 5 days after admission to a facility, each patient shall have and receive an individualized treatment plan in writing which the patient has had an opportunity to assist in preparing and to review prior to its implementation. The plan shall include a space for the patient's comments.

(3)  RIGHT TO EXPRESS AND INFORMED PATIENT CONSENT.--

(a)  Each patient entering treatment shall be asked to give express and informed consent for admission and treatment. If the patient has been adjudicated incapacitated or found to be incompetent to consent to treatment, express and informed consent to treatment shall be sought instead from the patient's guardian or guardian advocate. If the patient is a minor, express and informed consent for admission and treatment shall also be requested from the patient's guardian. Express and informed consent for admission and treatment of a patient under 18 years of age shall be required from the patient's guardian, unless the minor is seeking outpatient crisis intervention services under s. 394.4784. Express and informed consent for admission and treatment given by a patient who is under 18 years of age shall not be a condition of admission when the patient's guardian gives express and informed consent for the patient's admission pursuant to s. 394.463 or s. 394.467. Prior to giving consent, the following information shall be disclosed to the patient, or to the patient's guardian if the patient is 18 years of age or older and has been adjudicated incapacitated, or to the patient's guardian advocate if the patient has been found to be incompetent to consent to treatment, or to both the patient and the guardian if the patient is a minor: the reason for admission, the proposed treatment, the purpose of the treatment to be provided, the common side effects thereof, alternative treatment modalities, the approximate length of care, and that any consent given by a patient may be revoked orally or in writing prior to or during the treatment period by the patient, the guardian advocate, or the guardian.

(b)  In the case of medical procedures requiring the use of a general anesthetic or electroconvulsive treatment, and prior to performing the procedure, express and informed consent shall be obtained from the patient if the patient is legally competent, from the guardian of a minor patient, from the guardian of a patient who has been adjudicated incapacitated, or from the guardian advocate of the patient if the guardian advocate has been given express court authority to consent to medical procedures or electroconvulsive treatment as provided under s. 394.4598.

(c)  When the department is the legal guardian of a patient, or is the custodian of a patient whose physician is unwilling to perform a medical procedure, including an electroconvulsive treatment, based solely on the patient's consent and whose guardian or guardian advocate is unknown or unlocatable, the court shall hold a hearing to determine the medical necessity of the medical procedure. The patient shall be physically present, unless the patient's medical condition precludes such presence, represented by counsel, and provided the right and opportunity to be confronted with, and to cross-examine, all witnesses alleging the medical necessity of such procedure. In such proceedings, the burden of proof by clear and convincing evidence shall be on the party alleging the medical necessity of the procedure.

(d)  The administrator of a receiving or treatment facility may, upon the recommendation of the patient's attending physician, authorize emergency medical treatment, including a surgical procedure, if such treatment is deemed lifesaving, or if the situation threatens serious bodily harm to the patient, and permission of the patient or the patient's guardian or guardian advocate cannot be obtained.

(4)  QUALITY OF TREATMENT.--

(a)  Each patient shall receive services, including, for a patient placed under s. 394.4655, those services included in the court order which are suited to his or her needs, and which shall be administered skillfully, safely, and humanely with full respect for the patient's dignity and personal integrity. Each patient shall receive such medical, vocational, social, educational, and rehabilitative services as his or her condition requires in order to live successfully in the community. In order to achieve this goal, the department is directed to coordinate its mental health programs with all other programs of the department and other state agencies.

(b)  Receiving and treatment facilities shall develop and maintain, in a form accessible to and readily understandable by patients, the following:

1.  Criteria, procedures, and required staff training for any use of close or elevated levels of supervision, of restraint, seclusion, or isolation, or of emergency treatment orders, and for the use of bodily control and physical management techniques.

2.  Procedures for documenting, monitoring, and requiring clinical review of all uses of the procedures described in subparagraph 1. and for documenting and requiring review of any incidents resulting in injury to patients.

3.  A system for the review of complaints by patients or their families or guardians.

(c)  A facility may not use seclusion or restraint for punishment, to compensate for inadequate staffing, or for the convenience of staff. Facilities shall ensure that all staff are made aware of these restrictions on the use of seclusion and restraint and shall make and maintain records which demonstrate that this information has been conveyed to individual staff members.

(5)  COMMUNICATION, ABUSE REPORTING, AND VISITS.--

(a)  Each person receiving services in a facility providing mental health services under this part has the right to communicate freely and privately with persons outside the facility unless it is determined that such communication is likely to be harmful to the person or others. Each facility shall make available as soon as reasonably possible to persons receiving services a telephone that allows for free local calls and access to a long-distance service. A facility is not required to pay the costs of a patient's long-distance calls. The telephone shall be readily accessible to the patient and shall be placed so that the patient may use it to communicate privately and confidentially. The facility may establish reasonable rules for the use of this telephone, provided that the rules do not interfere with a patient's access to a telephone to report abuse pursuant to paragraph (e).

(b)  Each patient admitted to a facility under the provisions of this part shall be allowed to receive, send, and mail sealed, unopened correspondence; and no patient's incoming or outgoing correspondence shall be opened, delayed, held, or censored by the facility unless there is reason to believe that it contains items or substances which may be harmful to the patient or others, in which case the administrator may direct reasonable examination of such mail and may regulate the disposition of such items or substances.

(c)  Each facility must permit immediate access to any patient, subject to the patient's right to deny or withdraw consent at any time, by the patient's family members, guardian, guardian advocate, representative, Florida statewide or local advocacy council, or attorney, unless such access would be detrimental to the patient. If a patient's right to communicate or to receive visitors is restricted by the facility, written notice of such restriction and the reasons for the restriction shall be served on the patient, the patient's attorney, and the patient's guardian, guardian advocate, or representative; and such restriction shall be recorded on the patient's clinical record with the reasons therefor. The restriction of a patient's right to communicate or to receive visitors shall be reviewed at least every 7 days. The right to communicate or receive visitors shall not be restricted as a means of punishment. Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed to limit the provisions of paragraph (d).

(d)  Each facility shall establish reasonable rules governing visitors, visiting hours, and the use of telephones by patients in the least restrictive possible manner. Patients shall have the right to contact and to receive communication from their attorneys at any reasonable time.

(e)  Each patient receiving mental health treatment in any facility shall have ready access to a telephone in order to report an alleged abuse. The facility staff shall orally and in writing inform each patient of the procedure for reporting abuse and shall make every reasonable effort to present the information in a language the patient understands. A written copy of that procedure, including the telephone number of the central abuse hotline and reporting forms, shall be posted in plain view.

(f)  The department shall adopt rules providing a procedure for reporting abuse. Facility staff shall be required, as a condition of employment, to become familiar with the requirements and procedures for the reporting of abuse.

(6)  CARE AND CUSTODY OF PERSONAL EFFECTS OF PATIENTS.--A patient's right to the possession of his or her clothing and personal effects shall be respected. The facility may take temporary custody of such effects when required for medical and safety reasons. A patient's clothing and personal effects shall be inventoried upon their removal into temporary custody. Copies of this inventory shall be given to the patient and to the patient's guardian, guardian advocate, or representative and shall be recorded in the patient's clinical record. This inventory may be amended upon the request of the patient or the patient's guardian, guardian advocate, or representative. The inventory and any amendments to it must be witnessed by two members of the facility staff and by the patient, if able. All of a patient's clothing and personal effects held by the facility shall be returned to the patient immediately upon the discharge or transfer of the patient from the facility, unless such return would be detrimental to the patient. If personal effects are not returned to the patient, the reason must be documented in the clinical record along with the disposition of the clothing and personal effects, which may be given instead to the patient's guardian, guardian advocate, or representative. As soon as practicable after an emergency transfer of a patient, the patient's clothing and personal effects shall be transferred to the patient's new location, together with a copy of the inventory and any amendments, unless an alternate plan is approved by the patient, if able, and by the patient's guardian, guardian advocate, or representative.

(7)  VOTING IN PUBLIC ELECTIONS.--A patient who is eligible to vote according to the laws of the state has the right to vote in the primary and general elections. The department shall establish rules to enable patients to obtain voter registration forms, applications for absentee ballots, and absentee ballots.

(8)  HABEAS CORPUS.--

(a)  At any time, and without notice, a person held in a receiving or treatment facility, or a relative, friend, guardian, guardian advocate, representative, or attorney, or the department, on behalf of such person, may petition for a writ of habeas corpus to question the cause and legality of such detention and request that the court order a return to the writ in accordance with chapter 79. Each patient held in a facility shall receive a written notice of the right to petition for a writ of habeas corpus.

(b)  At any time, and without notice, a person who is a patient in a receiving or treatment facility, or a relative, friend, guardian, guardian advocate, representative, or attorney, or the department, on behalf of such person, may file a petition in the circuit court in the county where the patient is being held alleging that the patient is being unjustly denied a right or privilege granted herein or that a procedure authorized herein is being abused. Upon the filing of such a petition, the court shall have the authority to conduct a judicial inquiry and to issue any order needed to correct an abuse of the provisions of this part.

(c)  The administrator of any receiving or treatment facility receiving a petition under this subsection shall file the petition with the clerk of the court on the next court working day.

(d)  No fee shall be charged for the filing of a petition under this subsection.

(9)  VIOLATIONS.--The department shall report to the Agency for Health Care Administration any violation of the rights or privileges of patients, or of any procedures provided under this part, by any facility or professional licensed or regulated by the agency. The agency is authorized to impose any sanction authorized for violation of this part, based solely on the investigation and findings of the department.

(10)  LIABILITY FOR VIOLATIONS.--Any person who violates or abuses any rights or privileges of patients provided by this part is liable for damages as determined by law. Any person who acts in good faith in compliance with the provisions of this part is immune from civil or criminal liability for his or her actions in connection with the admission, diagnosis, treatment, or discharge of a patient to or from a facility. However, this section does not relieve any person from liability if such person commits negligence.

(11)  RIGHT TO PARTICIPATE IN TREATMENT AND DISCHARGE PLANNING.--The patient shall have the opportunity to participate in treatment and discharge planning and shall be notified in writing of his or her right, upon discharge from the facility, to seek treatment from the professional or agency of the patient's choice.

(12)  POSTING OF NOTICE OF RIGHTS OF PATIENTS.--Each facility shall post a notice listing and describing, in the language and terminology that the persons to whom the notice is addressed can understand, the rights provided in this section. This notice shall include a statement that provisions of the federal Americans with Disabilities Act apply and the name and telephone number of a person to contact for further information. This notice shall be posted in a place readily accessible to patients and in a format easily seen by patients. This notice shall include the telephone numbers of the Florida local advocacy council and Advocacy Center for Persons with Disabilities, Inc.

History.--s. 5, ch. 71-131; s. 3, ch. 73-133; s. 25, ch. 73-334; s. 2, ch. 74-233; s. 202, ch. 77-147; s. 1, ch. 78-434; s. 12, ch. 79-3; s. 4, ch. 79-298; s. 10, ch. 79-320; s. 1, ch. 80-171; s. 7, ch. 82-212; s. 6, ch. 84-285; s. 27, ch. 85-167; s. 1, ch. 88-307; s. 16, ch. 88-398; s. 11, ch. 90-347; s. 1, ch. 91-170; s. 71, ch. 95-143; s. 706, ch. 95-148; s. 7, ch. 96-169; s. 210, ch. 96-406; s. 9, ch. 2000-263; s. 64, ch. 2000-349; s. 2, ch. 2004-385.

¹394.4593  Sexual misconduct prohibited; reporting required; penalties.--

(1)  As used in this section, the term:

(a)  "Employee" includes any paid staff member, volunteer, or intern of the department; any person under contract with the department; and any person providing care or support to a client on behalf of the department or its providers.

(b)  "Sexual activity" means:

1.  Fondling the genital area, groin, inner thighs, buttocks, or breasts of a person.

2.  The oral, anal, or vaginal penetration by or union with the sexual organ of another or the anal or vaginal penetration of another by any other object.

3.  Intentionally touching in a lewd or lascivious manner the breasts, genitals, the genital area, or buttocks, or the clothing covering them, of a person, or forcing or enticing a person to touch the perpetrator.

4.  Intentionally masturbating in the presence of another person.

5.  Intentionally exposing the genitals in a lewd or lascivious manner in the presence of another person.

6.  Intentionally committing any other sexual act that does not involve actual physical or sexual contact with the victim, including, but not limited to, sadomasochistic abuse, sexual bestiality, or the simulation of any act involving sexual activity in the presence of a victim.

(c)  "Sexual misconduct" means any sexual activity between an employee and a patient, regardless of the consent of the patient. The term does not include an act done for a bona fide medical purpose or an internal search conducted in the lawful performance of duty by an employee.

(2)  An employee who engages in sexual misconduct with a patient who:

(a)  Is in the custody of the department; or

(b)  Resides in a receiving facility or a treatment facility, as those terms are defined in s. 394.455,

commits a felony of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084. An employee may be found guilty of violating this subsection without having committed the crime of sexual battery.

(3)  The consent of the patient to sexual activity is not a defense to prosecution under this section.

(4)  This section does not apply to an employee who:

(a)  Is legally married to the patient; or

(b)  Has no reason to believe that the person with whom the employee engaged in sexual misconduct is a patient receiving services as described in subsection (2).

(5)  An employee who witnesses sexual misconduct, or who otherwise knows or has reasonable cause to suspect that a person has engaged in sexual misconduct, shall immediately report the incident to the department's central abuse hotline and to the appropriate local law enforcement agency. Such employee shall also prepare, date, and sign an independent report that specifically describes the nature of the sexual misconduct, the location and time of the incident, and the persons involved. The employee shall deliver the report to the supervisor or program director, who is responsible for providing copies to the department's inspector general. The inspector general shall immediately conduct an appropriate administrative investigation, and, if there is probable cause to believe that sexual misconduct has occurred, the inspector general shall notify the state attorney in the circuit in which the incident occurred.

(6)(a)  Any person who is required to make a report under this section and who knowingly or willfully fails to do so, or who knowingly or willfully prevents another person from doing so, commits a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.

(b)  Any person who knowingly or willfully submits inaccurate, incomplete, or untruthful information with respect to a report required under this section commits a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.

(c)  Any person who knowingly or willfully coerces or threatens any other person with the intent to alter testimony or a written report regarding an incident of sexual misconduct commits a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.

(7)  The provisions and penalties set forth in this section are in addition to any other civil, administrative, or criminal action provided by law which may be applied against an employee.

History.--s. 2, ch. 2004-267.

¹Note.--Section 68, ch. 2004-267, provides that "[t]he creation of sections 393.135, 394.4593, and 916.1075, Florida Statutes, by this act shall apply to offenses committed on or after [July 1, 2004]."

394.4595  Florida statewide and local advocacy councils; access to patients and records.--Any facility designated by the department as a receiving or treatment facility must allow access to any patient and the clinical and legal records of any patient admitted pursuant to the provisions of this act by members of the Florida statewide and local advocacy councils.

History.--s. 8, ch. 96-169; s. 10, ch. 2000-263.

394.4597  Persons to be notified; patient's representative.--

(1)  VOLUNTARY PATIENTS.--At the time a patient is voluntarily admitted to a receiving or treatment facility, the identity and contact information of a person to be notified in case of an emergency shall be entered in the patient's clinical record.

(2)  INVOLUNTARY PATIENTS.--

(a)  At the time a patient is admitted to a facility for involuntary examination or placement, or when a petition for involuntary placement is filed, the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of the patient's guardian or guardian advocate, or representative if the patient has no guardian, and the patient's attorney shall be entered in the patient's clinical record.

(b)  If the patient has no guardian, the patient shall be asked to designate a representative. If the patient is unable or unwilling to designate a representative, the facility shall select a representative.

(c)  The patient shall be consulted with regard to the selection of a representative by the receiving or treatment facility and shall have authority to request that any such representative be replaced.

(d)  When the receiving or treatment facility selects a representative, first preference shall be given to a health care surrogate, if one has been previously selected by the patient. If the patient has not previously selected a health care surrogate, the selection, except for good cause documented in the patient's clinical record, shall be made from the following list in the order of listing:

1.  The patient's spouse.

2.  An adult child of the patient.

3.  A parent of the patient.

4.  The adult next of kin of the patient.

5.  An adult friend of the patient.

6.  The appropriate Florida local advocacy council as provided in s. 402.166.

(e)  A licensed professional providing services to the patient under this part, an employee of a facility providing direct services to the patient under this part, a department employee, a person providing other substantial services to the patient in a professional or business capacity, or a creditor of the patient shall not be appointed as the patient's representative.

History.--s. 9, ch. 96-169; s. 11, ch. 2000-263.

394.4598  Guardian advocate.--

(1)  The administrator may petition the court for the appointment of a guardian advocate based upon the opinion of a psychiatrist that the patient is incompetent to consent to treatment. If the court finds that a patient is incompetent to consent to treatment and has not been adjudicated incapacitated and a guardian with the authority to consent to mental health treatment appointed, it shall appoint a guardian advocate. The patient has the right to have an attorney represent him or her at the hearing. If the person is indigent, the court shall appoint the office of the public defender to represent him or her at the hearing. The patient has the right to testify, cross-examine witnesses, and present witnesses. The proceeding shall be recorded either electronically or stenographically, and testimony shall be provided under oath. One of the professionals authorized to give an opinion in support of a petition for involuntary placement, as described in s. 394.4655 or s. 394.467, must testify. A guardian advocate must meet the qualifications of a guardian contained in part IV of chapter 744, except that a professional referred to in this part, an employee of the facility providing direct services to the patient under this part, a departmental employee, a facility administrator, or member of the Florida local advocacy council shall not be appointed. A person who is appointed as a guardian advocate must agree to the appointment.

(2)  A facility requesting appointment of a guardian advocate must, prior to the appointment, provide the prospective guardian advocate with information about the duties and responsibilities of guardian advocates, including the information about the ethics of medical decisionmaking. Before asking a guardian advocate to give consent to treatment for a patient, the facility shall provide to the guardian advocate sufficient information so that the guardian advocate can decide whether to give express and informed consent to the treatment, including information that the treatment is essential to the care of the patient, and that the treatment does not present an unreasonable risk of serious, hazardous, or irreversible side effects. Before giving consent to treatment, the guardian advocate must meet and talk with the patient and the patient's physician in person, if at all possible, and by telephone, if not. The decision of the guardian advocate may be reviewed by the court, upon petition of the patient's attorney, the patient's family, or the facility administrator.

(3)  Prior to a guardian advocate exercising his or her authority, the guardian advocate shall attend a training course approved by the court. This training course, of not less than 4 hours, must include, at minimum, information about the patient rights, psychotropic medications, diagnosis of mental illness, the ethics of medical decisionmaking, and duties of guardian advocates. This training course shall take the place of the training required for guardians appointed pursuant to chapter 744.

(4)  The information to be supplied to prospective guardian advocates prior to their appointment and the training course for guardian advocates must be developed and completed through a course developed by the department and approved by the chief judge of the circuit court and taught by a court-approved organization. Court-approved organizations may include, but are not limited to, community or junior colleges, guardianship organizations, and the local bar association or The Florida Bar. The court may, in its discretion, waive some or all of the training requirements for guardian advocates or impose additional requirements. The court shall make its decision on a case-by-case basis and, in making its decision, shall consider the experience and education of the guardian advocate, the duties assigned to the guardian advocate, and the needs of the patient.

(5)  In selecting a guardian advocate, the court shall give preference to a health care surrogate, if one has already been designated by the patient. If the patient has not previously selected a health care surrogate, except for good cause documented in the court record, the selection shall be made from the following list in the order of listing:

(a)  The patient's spouse.

(b)  An adult child of the patient.

(c)  A parent of the patient.

(d)  The adult next of kin of the patient.

(e)  An adult friend of the patient.

(f)  An adult trained and willing to serve as guardian advocate for the patient.

(6)  If a guardian with the authority to consent to medical treatment has not already been appointed or if the patient has not already designated a health care surrogate, the court may authorize the guardian advocate to consent to medical treatment, as well as mental health treatment. Unless otherwise limited by the court, a guardian advocate with authority to consent to medical treatment shall have the same authority to make health care decisions and be subject to the same restrictions as a proxy appointed under part IV of chapter 765. Unless the guardian advocate has sought and received express court approval in proceeding separate from the proceeding to determine the competence of the patient to consent to medical treatment, the guardian advocate may not consent to:

(a)  Abortion.

(b)  Sterilization.

(c)  Electroconvulsive treatment.

(d)  Psychosurgery.

(e)  Experimental treatments that have not been approved by a federally approved institutional review board in accordance with 45 C.F.R. part 46 or 21 C.F.R. part 56.

The court must base its decision on evidence that the treatment or procedure is essential to the care of the patient and that the treatment does not present an unreasonable risk of serious, hazardous, or irreversible side effects. The court shall follow the procedures set forth in subsection (1) of this section.

(7)  The guardian advocate shall be discharged when the patient is discharged from an order for involuntary outpatient placement or involuntary inpatient placement or when the patient is transferred from involuntary to voluntary status. The court or a hearing officer shall consider the competence of the patient pursuant to subsection (1) and may consider an involuntarily placed patient's competence to consent to treatment at any hearing. Upon sufficient evidence, the court may restore, or the hearing officer may recommend that the court restore, the patient's competence. A copy of the order restoring competence or the certificate of discharge containing the restoration of competence shall be provided to the patient and the guardian advocate.

History.--s. 10, ch. 96-169; s. 50, ch. 97-96; s. 12, ch. 2000-263; s. 3, ch. 2004-385.

394.4599  Notice.--

(1)  VOLUNTARY PATIENTS.--Notice of a voluntary patient's admission shall only be given at the request of the patient, except that in an emergency, notice shall be given as determined by the facility.

(2)  INVOLUNTARY PATIENTS.--

(a)  Whenever notice is required to be given under this part, such notice shall be given to the patient and the patient's guardian, guardian advocate, attorney, and representative.

1.  When notice is required to be given to a patient, it shall be given both orally and in writing, in the language and terminology that the patient can understand, and, if needed, the facility shall provide an interpreter for the patient.

2.  Notice to a patient's guardian, guardian advocate, attorney, and representative shall be given by United States mail and by registered or certified mail with the receipts attached to the patient's clinical record. Hand delivery by a facility employee may be used as an alternative, with delivery documented in the clinical record. If notice is given by a state attorney or an attorney for the department, a certificate of service shall be sufficient to document service.

(b)  A receiving facility shall give prompt notice of the whereabouts of a patient who is being involuntarily held for examination, by telephone or in person within 24 hours after the patient's arrival at the facility, unless the patient requests that no notification be made. Contact attempts shall be documented in the patient's clinical record and shall begin as soon as reasonably possible after the patient's arrival. Notice that a patient is being admitted as an involuntary patient shall be given to the Florida local advocacy council no later than the next working day after the patient is admitted.

(c)  The written notice of the filing of the petition for involuntary placement must contain the following:

1.  Notice that the petition has been filed with the circuit court in the county in which the patient is hospitalized and the address of such court.

2.  Notice that the office of the public defender has been appointed to represent the patient in the proceeding, if the patient is not otherwise represented by counsel.

3.  The date, time, and place of the hearing and the name of each examining expert and every other person expected to testify in support of continued detention.

4.  Notice that the patient, the patient's guardian or representative, or the administrator may apply for a change of venue for the convenience of the parties or witnesses or because of the condition of the patient.

5.  Notice that the patient is entitled to an independent expert examination and, if the patient cannot afford such an examination, that the court will provide for one.

(d)  A treatment facility shall provide notice of a patient's involuntary admission on the next regular working day after the patient's arrival at the facility.

(e)  When a patient is to be transferred from one facility to another, notice shall be given by the facility where the patient is located prior to the transfer.

History.--s. 11, ch. 96-169; s. 13, ch. 2000-263.

394.460  Rights of professionals.--No professional referred to in this part shall be required to accept patients for treatment of mental, emotional, or behavioral disorders. Such participation shall be voluntary.

History.--s. 4, ch. 73-133; s. 5, ch. 79-298; s. 8, ch. 82-212; s. 12, ch. 96-169.

394.461  Designation of receiving and treatment facilities.--The department is authorized to designate and monitor receiving facilities and treatment facilities and may suspend or withdraw such designation for failure to comply with this part and rules adopted under this part. Unless designated by the department, facilities are not permitted to hold or treat involuntary patients under this part.

(1)  RECEIVING FACILITY.--The department may designate any community facility as a receiving facility. Any other facility within the state, including a private facility or a federal facility, may be so designated by the department, provided that such designation is agreed to by the governing body or authority of the facility.

(2)  TREATMENT FACILITY.--The department may designate any state-owned, state-operated, or state-supported facility as a state treatment facility. A civil patient shall not be admitted to a state treatment facility without previously undergoing a transfer evaluation. Before a court hearing for involuntary placement in a state treatment facility, the court shall receive and consider the information documented in the transfer evaluation. Any other facility, including a private facility or a federal facility, may be designated as a treatment facility by the department, provided that such designation is agreed to by the appropriate governing body or authority of the facility.

(3)  PRIVATE FACILITIES.--Private facilities designated as receiving and treatment facilities by the department may provide examination and treatment of involuntary patients, as well as voluntary patients, and are subject to all the provisions of this part.

(4)  RULES.--The department shall adopt rules relating to:

(a)  Procedures and criteria for receiving and evaluating facility applications for designation, which may include onsite facility inspection and evaluation of an applicant's licensing status and performance history, as well as consideration of local service needs.

(b)  Minimum standards consistent with this part that a facility must meet and maintain in order to be designated as a receiving or treatment facility and procedures for monitoring continued adherence to such standards.

(c)  Procedures for receiving complaints against a designated facility and for initiating inspections and investigations of facilities alleged to have violated the provisions of this part or rules adopted under this part.

(d)  Procedures and criteria for the suspension or withdrawal of designation.

History.--s. 6, ch. 71-131; s. 3, ch. 72-396; s. 5, ch. 73-133; s. 1, ch. 77-90; s. 203, ch. 77-147; s. 6, ch. 79-298; ss. 1, 2, ch. 80-384; s. 9, ch. 82-212; s. 7, ch. 84-285; s. 42, ch. 85-167; s. 707, ch. 95-148; s. 13, ch. 96-169.

394.4615  Clinical records; confidentiality.--

(1)  A clinical record shall be maintained for each patient. The record shall include data pertaining to admission and such other information as may be required under rules of the department. A clinical record is confidential and exempt from the provisions of s. 119.07(1). Unless waived by express and informed consent, by the patient or the patient's guardian or guardian advocate or, if the patient is deceased, by the patient's personal representative or the family member who stands next in line of intestate succession, the confidential status of the clinical record shall not be lost by either authorized or unauthorized disclosure to any person, organization, or agency.

(2)  The clinical record shall be released when:

(a)  The patient or the patient's guardian authorizes the release. The guardian or guardian advocate shall be provided access to the appropriate clinical records of the patient. The patient or the patient's guardian or guardian advocate may authorize the release of information and clinical records to appropriate persons to ensure the continuity of the patient's health care or mental health care.

(b)  The patient is represented by counsel and the records are needed by the patient's counsel for adequate representation.

(c)  The court orders such release. In determining whether there is good cause for disclosure, the court shall weigh the need for the information to be disclosed against the possible harm of disclosure to the person to whom such information pertains.

(d)  The patient is committed to, or is to be returned to, the Department of Corrections from the Department of Children and Family Services, and the Department of Corrections requests such records. These records shall be furnished without charge to the Department of Corrections.

(3)  Information from the clinical record may be released in the following circumstances:

(a)  When a patient has declared an intention to harm other persons. When such declaration has been made, the administrator may authorize the release of sufficient information to provide adequate warning to the person threatened with harm by the patient.

(b)  When the administrator of the facility or secretary of the department deems release to a qualified researcher as defined in administrative rule, an aftercare treatment provider, or an employee or agent of the department is necessary for treatment of the patient, maintenance of adequate records, compilation of treatment data, aftercare planning, or evaluation of programs.

For the purpose of determining whether a person meets the criteria for involuntary outpatient placement or for preparing the proposed treatment plan pursuant to s. 394.4655, the clinical record may be released to the state attorney, the public defender or the patient's private legal counsel, the court, and to the appropriate mental health professionals, including the service provider identified in s. 394.4655(6)(b)2., in accordance with state and federal law.

(4)  Information from clinical records may be used for statistical and research purposes if the information is abstracted in such a way as to protect the identity of individuals.

(5)  Information from clinical records may be used by the Agency for Health Care Administration, the department, and the Florida advocacy councils for the purpose of monitoring facility activity and complaints concerning facilities.

(6)  Clinical records relating to a Medicaid recipient shall be furnished to the Medicaid Fraud Control Unit in the Department of Legal Affairs, upon request.

(7)  Any person, agency, or entity receiving information pursuant to this section shall maintain such information as confidential and exempt from the provisions of s. 119.07(1).

(8)  Any facility or private mental health practitioner who acts in good faith in releasing information pursuant to this section is not subject to civil or criminal liability for such release.

(9)  Nothing in this section is intended to prohibit the parent or next of kin of a person who is held in or treated under a mental health facility or program from requesting and receiving information limited to a summary of that person's treatment plan and current physical and mental condition. Release of such information shall be in accordance with the code of ethics of the profession involved.

(10)  Patients shall have reasonable access to their clinical records, unless such access is determined by the patient's physician to be harmful to the patient. If the patient's right to inspect his or her clinical record is restricted by the facility, written notice of such restriction shall be given to the patient and the patient's guardian, guardian advocate, attorney, and representative. In addition, the restriction shall be recorded in the clinical record, together with the reasons for it. The restriction of a patient's right to inspect his or her clinical record shall expire after 7 days but may be renewed, after review, for subsequent 7-day periods.

(11)  Any person who fraudulently alters, defaces, or falsifies the clinical record of any person receiving mental health services in a facility subject to this part, or causes or procures any of these offenses to be committed, commits a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.

History.--s. 14, ch. 96-169; s. 98, ch. 99-8; s. 1, ch. 2000-163; s. 14, ch. 2000-263; s. 4, ch. 2004-385.

394.462  Transportation.--

(1)  TRANSPORTATION TO A RECEIVING FACILITY.--

(a)  Each county shall designate a single law enforcement agency within the county, or portions thereof, to take a person into custody upon the entry of an ex parte order or the execution of a certificate for involuntary examination by an authorized professional and to transport that person to the nearest receiving facility for examination. The designated law enforcement agency may decline to transport the person to a receiving facility only if:

1.  The jurisdiction designated by the county has contracted on an annual basis with an emergency medical transport service or private transport company for transportation of persons to receiving facilities pursuant to this section at the sole cost of the county; and

2.  The law enforcement agency and the emergency medical transport service or private transport company agree that the continued presence of law enforcement personnel is not necessary for the safety of the person or others.

3.  The jurisdiction designated by the county may seek reimbursement for transportation expenses. The party responsible for payment for such transportation is the person receiving the transportation. The county shall seek reimbursement from the following sources in the following order:

a.  From an insurance company, health care corporation, or other source, if the person receiving the transportation is covered by an insurance policy or subscribes to a health care corporation or other source for payment of such expenses.

b.  From the person receiving the transportation.

c.  From a financial settlement for medical care, treatment, hospitalization, or transportation payable or accruing to the injured party.

(b)  Any company that transports a patient pursuant to this subsection is considered an independent contractor and is solely liable for the safe and dignified transportation of the patient. Such company must be insured and provide no less than $100,000 in liability insurance with respect to the transportation of patients.

(c)  Any company that contracts with a governing board of a county to transport patients shall comply with the applicable rules of the department to ensure the safety and dignity of the patients.

(d)  When a law enforcement officer takes custody of a person pursuant to this part, the officer may request assistance from emergency medical personnel if such assistance is needed for the safety of the officer or the person in custody.

(e)  When a member of a mental health overlay program or a mobile crisis response service is a professional authorized to initiate an involuntary examination pursuant to s. 394.463 and that professional evaluates a person and determines that transportation to a receiving facility is needed, the service, at its discretion, may transport the person to the facility or may call on the law enforcement agency or other transportation arrangement best suited to the needs of the patient.

(f)  When any law enforcement officer has custody of a person based on either noncriminal or minor criminal behavior that meets the statutory guidelines for involuntary examination under this part, the law enforcement officer shall transport the person to the nearest receiving facility for examination.

(g)  When any law enforcement officer has arrested a person for a felony and it appears that the person meets the statutory guidelines for involuntary examination or placement under this part, such person shall first be processed in the same manner as any other criminal suspect. The law enforcement agency shall thereafter immediately notify the nearest public receiving facility, which shall be responsible for promptly arranging for the examination and treatment of the person. A receiving facility is not required to admit a person charged with a crime for whom the facility determines and documents that it is unable to provide adequate security, but shall provide mental health examination and treatment to the person where he or she is held.

(h)  If the appropriate law enforcement officer believes that a person has an emergency medical condition as defined in s. 395.002, the person may be first transported to a hospital for emergency medical treatment, regardless of whether the hospital is a designated receiving facility.

(i)  The costs of transportation, evaluation, hospitalization, and treatment incurred under this subsection by persons who have been arrested for violations of any state law or county or municipal ordinance may be recovered as provided in s. 901.35.

(j)  The nearest receiving facility must accept persons brought by law enforcement officers for involuntary examination.

(k)  When a jurisdiction has entered into a contract with an emergency medical transport service or a private transport company for transportation of persons to receiving facilities, such service or company shall be given preference for transportation of persons from nursing homes, assisted living facilities, adult day care centers, or adult family-care homes, unless the behavior of the person being transported is such that transportation by a law enforcement officer is necessary.

(l)  Nothing in this section shall be construed to limit emergency examination and treatment of incapacitated persons provided in accordance with the provisions of s. 401.445.

(2)  TRANSPORTATION TO A TREATMENT FACILITY.--

(a)  If neither the patient nor any person legally obligated or responsible for the patient is able to pay for the expense of transporting a voluntary or involuntary patient to a treatment facility, the governing board of the county in which the patient is hospitalized shall arrange for such required transportation and shall ensure the safe and dignified transportation of the patient. The governing board of each county is authorized to contract with private transport companies for the transportation of such patients to and from a treatment facility.

(b)  Any company that transports a patient pursuant to this subsection is considered an independent contractor and is solely liable for the safe and dignified transportation of the patient. Such company must be insured and provide no less than $100,000 in liability insurance with respect to the transportation of patients.

(c)  Any company that contracts with the governing board of a county to transport patients shall comply with the applicable rules of the department to ensure the safety and dignity of the patients.

(d)  County or municipal law enforcement and correctional personnel and equipment shall not be used to transport patients adjudicated incapacitated or found by the court to meet the criteria for involuntary placement pursuant to s. 394.467, except in small rural counties where there are no cost-efficient alternatives.

(3)  EXCEPTIONS.--An exception to the requirements of this section may be granted by the secretary of the department for the purposes of improving service coordination or better meeting the special needs of individuals. A proposal for an exception must be submitted by the district administrator after being approved by the governing boards of any affected counties, prior to submission to the secretary.

(a)  A proposal for an exception must identify the specific provision from which an exception is requested; describe how the proposal will be implemented by participating law enforcement agencies and transportation authorities; and provide a plan for the coordination of services such as case management.

(b)  The exception may be granted only for:

1.  An arrangement centralizing and improving the provision of services within a district, which may include an exception to the requirement for transportation to the nearest receiving facility;

2.  An arrangement by which a facility may provide, in addition to required psychiatric services, an environment and services which are uniquely tailored to the needs of an identified group of persons with special needs, such as persons with hearing impairments or visual impairments, or elderly persons with physical frailties; or

3.  A specialized transportation system that provides an efficient and humane method of transporting patients to receiving facilities, among receiving facilities, and to treatment facilities.

(c)  Any exception approved pursuant to this subsection shall be reviewed and approved every 5 years by the secretary.

History.--s. 15, ch. 96-169; s. 48, ch. 2000-139.

394.4625  Voluntary admissions.--

(1)  AUTHORITY TO RECEIVE PATIENTS.--

(a)  A facility may receive for observation, diagnosis, or treatment any person 18 years of age or older making application by express and informed consent for admission or any person age 17 or under for whom such application is made by his or her guardian. If found to show evidence of mental illness, to be competent to provide express and informed consent, and to be suitable for treatment, such person 18 years of age or older may be admitted to the facility. A person age 17 or under may be admitted only after a hearing to verify the voluntariness of the consent.

(b)  A mental health overlay program or a mobile crisis response service or a licensed professional who is authorized to initiate an involuntary examination pursuant to s. 394.463 and is employed by a community mental health center or clinic must, pursuant to district procedure approved by the respective district administrator, conduct an initial assessment of the ability of the following persons to give express and informed consent to treatment before such persons may be admitted voluntarily:

1.  A person 60 years of age or older for whom transfer is being sought from a nursing home, assisted living facility, adult day care center, or adult family-care home, when such person has been diagnosed as suffering from dementia.

2.  A person 60 years of age or older for whom transfer is being sought from a nursing home pursuant to s. 400.0255(12).

3.  A person for whom all decisions concerning medical treatment are currently being lawfully made by the health care surrogate or proxy designated under chapter 765.

(c)  When an initial assessment of the ability of a person to give express and informed consent to treatment is required under this section, and a mobile crisis response service does not respond to the request for an assessment within 2 hours after the request is made or informs the requesting facility that it will not be able to respond within 2 hours after the request is made, the requesting facility may arrange for assessment by any licensed professional authorized to initiate an involuntary examination pursuant to s. 394.463 who is not employed by or under contract with, and does not have a financial interest in, either the facility initiating the transfer or the receiving facility to which the transfer may be made.

(d)  A facility may not admit as a voluntary patient a person who has been adjudicated incapacitated, unless the condition of incapacity has been judicially removed. If a facility admits as a voluntary patient a person who is later determined to have been adjudicated incapacitated, and the condition of incapacity had not been removed by the time of the admission, the facility must either discharge the patient or transfer the patient to involuntary status.

(e)  The health care surrogate or proxy of a voluntary patient may not consent to the provision of mental health treatment for the patient. A voluntary patient who is unwilling or unable to provide express and informed consent to mental health treatment must either be discharged or transferred to involuntary status.

(f)  Within 24 hours after admission of a voluntary patient, the admitting physician shall document in the patient's clinical record that the patient is able to give express and informed consent for admission. If the patient is not able to give express and informed consent for admission, the facility shall either discharge the patient or transfer the patient to involuntary status pursuant to subsection (5).

(2)  DISCHARGE OF VOLUNTARY PATIENTS.--

(a)  A facility shall discharge a voluntary patient:

1.  Who has sufficiently improved so that retention in the facility is no longer desirable. A patient may also be discharged to the care of a community facility.

2.  Who revokes consent to admission or requests discharge. A voluntary patient or a relative, friend, or attorney of the patient may request discharge either orally or in writing at any time following admission to the facility. The patient must be discharged within 24 hours of the request, unless the request is rescinded or the patient is transferred to involuntary status pursuant to this section. The 24-hour time period may be extended by a treatment facility when necessary for adequate discharge planning, but shall not exceed 3 days exclusive of weekends and holidays. If the patient, or another on the patient's behalf, makes an oral request for discharge to a staff member, such request shall be immediately entered in the patient's clinical record. If the request for discharge is made by a person other than the patient, the discharge may be conditioned upon the express and informed consent of the patient.

(b)  A voluntary patient who has been admitted to a facility and who refuses to consent to or revokes consent to treatment shall be discharged within 24 hours after such refusal or revocation, unless transferred to involuntary status pursuant to this section or unless the refusal or revocation is freely and voluntarily rescinded by the patient.

(3)  NOTICE OF RIGHT TO DISCHARGE.--At the time of admission and at least every 6 months thereafter, a voluntary patient shall be notified in writing of his or her right to apply for a discharge.

(4)  TRANSFER TO VOLUNTARY STATUS.--An involuntary patient who applies to be transferred to voluntary status shall be transferred to voluntary status immediately, unless the patient has been charged with a crime, or has been involuntarily placed for treatment by a court pursuant to s. 394.467 and continues to meet the criteria for involuntary placement. When transfer to voluntary status occurs, notice shall be given as provided in s. 394.4599.

(5)  TRANSFER TO INVOLUNTARY STATUS.--When a voluntary patient, or an authorized person on the patient's behalf, makes a request for discharge, the request for discharge, unless freely and voluntarily rescinded, must be communicated to a physician, clinical psychologist, or psychiatrist as quickly as possible, but not later than 12 hours after the request is made. If the patient meets the criteria for involuntary placement, the administrator of the facility must file with the court a petition for involuntary placement, within 2 court working days after the request for discharge is made. If the petition is not filed within 2 court working days, the patient shall be discharged. Pending the filing of the petition, the patient may be held and emergency treatment rendered in the least restrictive manner, upon the written order of a physician, if it is determined that such treatment is necessary for the safety of the patient or others.

History.--s. 8, ch. 71-131; s. 7, ch. 73-133; s. 109, ch. 73-333; s. 8, ch. 79-298; s. 11, ch. 82-212; s. 709, ch. 95-148; s. 17, ch. 96-169; s. 22, ch. 99-394.

Note.--Former s. 394.465.

394.463  Involuntary examination.--

(1)  CRITERIA.--A person may be taken to a receiving facility for involuntary examination if there is reason to believe that the person has a mental illness and because of his or her mental illness:

(a)1.  The person has refused voluntary examination after conscientious explanation and disclosure of the purpose of the examination; or

2.  The person is unable to determine for himself or herself whether examination is necessary; and

(b)1.  Without care or treatment, the person is likely to suffer from neglect or refuse to care for himself or herself; such neglect or refusal poses a real and present threat of substantial harm to his or her well-being; and it is not apparent that such harm may be avoided through the help of willing family members or friends or the provision of other services; or

2.  There is a substantial likelihood that without care or treatment the person will cause serious bodily harm to himself or herself or others in the near future, as evidenced by recent behavior.

(2)  INVOLUNTARY EXAMINATION.--

¹(a)  An involuntary examination may be initiated by any one of the following means:

1.  A court may enter an ex parte order stating that a person appears to meet the criteria for involuntary examination, giving the findings on which that conclusion is based. The ex parte order for involuntary examination must be based on sworn testimony, written or oral. If other less restrictive means are not available, such as voluntary appearance for outpatient evaluation, a law enforcement officer, or other designated agent of the court, shall take the person into custody and deliver him or her to the nearest receiving facility for involuntary examination. The order of the court shall be made a part of the patient's clinical record. No fee shall be charged for the filing of an order under this subsection. Any receiving facility accepting the patient based on this order must send a copy of the order to the Agency for Health Care Administration on the next working day. The order shall be valid only until executed or, if not executed, for the period specified in the order itself. If no time limit is specified in the order, the order shall be valid for 7 days after the date that the order was signed.

2.  A law enforcement officer shall take a person who appears to meet the criteria for involuntary examination into custody and deliver the person or have him or her delivered to the nearest receiving facility for examination. The officer shall execute a written report detailing the circumstances under which the person was taken into custody, and the report shall be made a part of the patient's clinical record. Any receiving facility accepting the patient based on this report must send a copy of the report to the Agency for Health Care Administration on the next working day.

3.  A physician, clinical psychologist, psychiatric nurse, or clinical social worker may execute a certificate stating that he or she has examined a person within the preceding 48 hours and finds that the person appears to meet the criteria for involuntary examination and stating the observations upon which that conclusion is based. If other less restrictive means are not available, such as voluntary appearance for outpatient evaluation, a law enforcement officer shall take the person named in the certificate into custody and deliver him or her to the nearest receiving facility for involuntary examination. The law enforcement officer shall execute a written report detailing the circumstances under which the person was taken into custody. The report and certificate shall be made a part of the patient's clinical record. Any receiving facility accepting the patient based on this certificate must send a copy of the certificate to the Agency for Health Care Administration on the next working day.

(b)  A person shall not be removed from any program or residential placement licensed under chapter 400 and transported to a receiving facility for involuntary examination unless an ex parte order, a professional certificate, or a law enforcement officer's report is first prepared. If the condition of the person is such that preparation of a law enforcement officer's report is not practicable before removal, the report shall be completed as soon as possible after removal, but in any case before the person is transported to a receiving facility. A receiving facility admitting a person for involuntary examination who is not accompanied by the required ex parte order, professional certificate, or law enforcement officer's report shall notify the Agency for Health Care Administration of such admission by certified mail no later than the next working day. The provisions of this paragraph do not apply when transportation is provided by the patient's family or guardian.

(c)  A law enforcement officer acting in accordance with an ex parte order issued pursuant to this subsection may serve and execute such order on any day of the week, at any time of the day or night.

(d)  A law enforcement officer acting in accordance with an ex parte order issued pursuant to this subsection may use such reasonable physical force as is necessary to gain entry to the premises, and any dwellings, buildings, or other structures located on the premises, and to take custody of the person who is the subject of the ex parte order.

(e)  The Agency for Health Care Administration shall receive and maintain the copies of ex parte orders, involuntary outpatient placement orders issued pursuant to s. 394.4655, involuntary inpatient placement orders issued pursuant to s. 394.467, professional certificates, and law enforcement officers' reports. These documents shall be considered part of the clinical record, governed by the provisions of s. 394.4615. The agency shall prepare annual reports analyzing the data obtained from these documents, without information identifying patients, and shall provide copies of reports to the department, the President of the Senate, the Speaker of the House of Representatives, and the minority leaders of the Senate and the House of Representatives.

(f)  A patient shall be examined by a physician or clinical psychologist at a receiving facility without unnecessary delay and may, upon the order of a physician, be given emergency treatment if it is determined that such treatment is necessary for the safety of the patient or others. The patient may not be released by the receiving facility or its contractor without the documented approval of a psychiatrist, a clinical psychologist, or, if the receiving facility is a hospital, the release may also be approved by an attending emergency department physician with experience in the diagnosis and treatment of mental and nervous disorders and after completion of an involuntary examination pursuant to this subsection. However, a patient may not be held in a receiving facility for involuntary examination longer than 72 hours.

(g)  A person for whom an involuntary examination has been initiated who is being evaluated or treated at a hospital for an emergency medical condition specified in s. 395.002 must be examined by a receiving facility within 72 hours. The 72-hour period begins when the patient arrives at the hospital and ceases when the attending physician documents that the patient has an emergency medical condition. If the patient is examined at a hospital providing emergency medical services by a professional qualified to perform an involuntary examination and is found as a result of that examination not to meet the criteria for involuntary outpatient placement pursuant to s. 394.4655(1) or involuntary inpatient placement pursuant to s. 394.467(1), the patient may be offered voluntary placement, if appropriate, or released directly from the hospital providing emergency medical services. The finding by the professional that the patient has been examined and does not meet the criteria for involuntary inpatient placement or involuntary outpatient placement must be entered into the patient's clinical record. Nothing in this paragraph is intended to prevent a hospital providing emergency medical services from appropriately transferring a patient to another hospital prior to stabilization, provided the requirements of s. 395.1041(3)(c) have been met.

(h)  One of the following must occur within 12 hours after the patient's attending physician documents that the patient's medical condition has stabilized or that an emergency medical condition does not exist:

1.  The patient must be examined by a designated receiving facility and released; or

2.  The patient must be transferred to a designated receiving facility in which appropriate medical treatment is available. However, the receiving facility must be notified of the transfer within 2 hours after the patient's condition has been stabilized or after determination that an emergency medical condition does not exist.

(i)  Within the 72-hour examination period or, if the 72 hours ends on a weekend or holiday, no later than the next working day thereafter, one of the following actions must be taken, based on the individual needs of the patient:

1.  The patient shall be released, unless he or she is charged with a crime, in which case the patient shall be returned to the custody of a law enforcement officer;

2.  The patient shall be released, subject to the provisions of subparagraph 1., for voluntary outpatient treatment;

3.  The patient, unless he or she is charged with a crime, shall be asked to give express and informed consent to placement as a voluntary patient, and, if such consent is given, the patient shall be admitted as a voluntary patient; or

4.  A petition for involuntary placement shall be filed in the circuit court when outpatient or inpatient treatment is deemed necessary. When inpatient treatment is deemed necessary, the least restrictive treatment consistent with the optimum improvement of the patient's condition shall be made available. When a petition is to be filed for involuntary outpatient placement, it shall be filed by one of the petitioners specified in s. 394.4655(3)(a). A petition for involuntary inpatient placement shall be filed by the facility administrator.

(3)  NOTICE OF RELEASE.--Notice of the release shall be given to the patient's guardian or representative, to any person who executed a certificate admitting the patient to the receiving facility, and to any court which ordered the patient's evaluation.

History.--s. 7, ch. 71-131; s. 6, ch. 73-133; s. 204, ch. 77-147; s. 7, ch. 79-298; s. 10, ch. 82-212; s. 8, ch. 84-285; s. 59, ch. 91-221; s. 3, ch. 91-249; s. 69, ch. 92-289; s. 708, ch. 95-148; s. 16, ch. 96-169; s. 1, ch. 2003-88; ss. 5, 6, 7, ch. 2004-385.

¹Note.--Section 6, ch. 2004-385, amended paragraph (2)(a), effective July 1, 2005, to read:

(a)  An involuntary examination may be initiated by any one of the following means:

1.  A court may enter an ex parte order stating that a person appears to meet the criteria for involuntary examination, giving the findings on which that conclusion is based. The ex parte order for involuntary examination must be based on sworn testimony, written or oral. If other less restrictive means are not available, such as voluntary appearance for outpatient evaluation, a law enforcement officer, or other designated agent of the court, shall take the person into custody and deliver him or her to the nearest receiving facility for involuntary examination. The order of the court shall be made a part of the patient's clinical record. No fee shall be charged for the filing of an order under this subsection. Any receiving facility accepting the patient based on this order must send a copy of the order to the Agency for Health Care Administration on the next working day. The order shall be valid only until executed or, if not executed, for the period specified in the order itself. If no time limit is specified in the order, the order shall be valid for 7 days after the date that the order was signed.

2.  A law enforcement officer shall take a person who appears to meet the criteria for involuntary examination into custody and deliver the person or have him or her delivered to the nearest receiving facility for examination. The officer shall execute a written report detailing the circumstances under which the person was taken into custody, and the report shall be made a part of the patient's clinical record. Any receiving facility accepting the patient based on this report must send a copy of the report to the Agency for Health Care Administration on the next working day.

3.  A physician, clinical psychologist, psychiatric nurse, mental health counselor, or clinical social worker may execute a certificate stating that he or she has examined a person within the preceding 48 hours and finds that the person appears to meet the criteria for involuntary examination and stating the observations upon which that conclusion is based. If other less restrictive means are not available, such as voluntary appearance for outpatient evaluation, a law enforcement officer shall take the person named in the certificate into custody and deliver him or her to the nearest receiving facility for involuntary examination. The law enforcement officer shall execute a written report detailing the circumstances under which the person was taken into custody. The report and certificate shall be made a part of the patient's clinical record. Any receiving facility accepting the patient based on this certificate must send a copy of the certificate to the Agency for Health Care Administration on the next working day.

394.4655  Involuntary outpatient placement.--

(1)  CRITERIA FOR INVOLUNTARY OUTPATIENT PLACEMENT.--A person may be ordered to involuntary outpatient placement upon a finding of the court that by clear and convincing evidence:

(a)  The person is 18 years of age or older;

(b)  The person has a mental illness;

(c)  The person is unlikely to survive safely in the community without supervision, based on a clinical determination;

(d)  The person has a history of lack of compliance with treatment for mental illness;

(e)  The person has:

1.  At least twice within the immediately preceding 36 months been involuntarily admitted to a receiving or treatment facility as defined in s. 394.455, or has received mental health services in a forensic or correctional facility. The 36-month period does not include any period during which the person was admitted or incarcerated; or

2.  Engaged in one or more acts of serious violent behavior toward self or others, or attempts at serious bodily harm to himself or herself or others, within the preceding 36 months;

(f)  The person is, as a result of his or her mental illness, unlikely to voluntarily participate in the recommended treatment plan and either he or she has refused voluntary placement for treatment after sufficient and conscientious explanation and disclosure of the purpose of placement for treatment or he or she is unable to determine for himself or herself whether placement is necessary;

(g)  In view of the person's treatment history and current behavior, the person is in need of involuntary outpatient placement in order to prevent a relapse or deterioration that would be likely to result in serious bodily harm to himself or herself or others, or a substantial harm to his or her well-being as set forth in s. 394.463(1);

(h)  It is likely that the person will benefit from involuntary outpatient placement; and

(i)  All available, less restrictive alternatives that would offer an opportunity for improvement of his or her condition have been judged to be inappropriate or unavailable.

(2)  INVOLUNTARY OUTPATIENT PLACEMENT.--

(a)1.  A patient may be retained by a receiving facility upon the recommendation of the administrator of a receiving facility where the patient has been examined and after adherence to the notice of hearing procedures provided in s. 394.4599. The recommendation must be supported by the opinion of a psychiatrist and the second opinion of a clinical psychologist or another psychiatrist, both of whom have personally examined the patient within the preceding 72 hours, that the criteria for involuntary outpatient placement are met. However, in a county having a population of fewer than 50,000, if the administrator certifies that no psychiatrist or clinical psychologist is available to provide the second opinion, the second opinion may be provided by a licensed physician who has postgraduate training and experience in diagnosis and treatment of mental and nervous disorders or by a psychiatric nurse as defined in this chapter. Such a recommendation must be entered on an involuntary outpatient placement certificate, which certificate must authorize the receiving facility to retain the patient pending completion of a hearing. The certificate shall be made a part of the patient's clinical record.

2.  If the patient has been stabilized and no longer meets the criteria for involuntary examination pursuant to s. 394.463(1), the patient must be released from the receiving facility while awaiting the hearing for involuntary outpatient placement. Prior to filing a petition for involuntary outpatient treatment, the administrator of a receiving facility or a designated department representative shall identify the service provider that will have primary responsibility for service provision under an order for involuntary outpatient placement, unless the person is otherwise participating in outpatient psychiatric treatment and is not in need of public financing for that treatment, in which case the individual, if eligible, may be ordered to involuntary treatment pursuant to the existing psychiatric treatment relationship.

3.  The service provider shall prepare a written proposed treatment plan in consultation with the patient or the patient's guardian advocate, if appointed, for the court's consideration for inclusion in the involuntary outpatient placement order. The service provider shall also provide a copy of the proposed treatment plan to the patient and the administrator of the receiving facility. The treatment plan must specify the nature and extent of the patient's mental illness. The treatment plan must address the reduction of symptoms that necessitate involuntary outpatient placement and include measurable goals and objectives for the services and treatment that are provided to treat the person's mental illness and to assist the person in living and functioning in the community or to attempt to prevent a relapse or deterioration. Service providers may select and provide supervision to other individuals to implement specific aspects of the treatment plan. The services in the treatment plan must be deemed to be clinically appropriate by a physician, clinical psychologist, psychiatric nurse, or clinical social worker, as defined in this chapter, who consults with, or is employed or contracted by, the service provider. The service provider must certify to the court in the proposed treatment plan whether sufficient services for improvement and stabilization are currently available and whether the service provider agrees to provide those services. If the service provider certifies that the services in the proposed treatment plan are not available, the petitioner may not file the petition.

(b)  If a patient in involuntary inpatient placement meets the criteria for involuntary outpatient placement, the administrator of the treatment facility may, before the expiration of the period during which the treatment facility is authorized to retain the patient, recommend involuntary outpatient placement. The recommendation must be supported by the opinion of a psychiatrist and the second opinion of a clinical psychologist or another psychiatrist, both of whom have personally examined the patient within the preceding 72 hours, that the criteria for involuntary outpatient placement are met. However, in a county having a population of fewer than 50,000, if the administrator certifies that no psychiatrist or clinical psychologist is available to provide the second opinion, the second opinion may be provided by a licensed physician who has postgraduate training and experience in diagnosis and treatment of mental and nervous disorders or by a psychiatric nurse as defined in s. 394.455(23). Such a recommendation must be entered on an involuntary outpatient placement certificate, and the certificate shall be made a part of the patient's clinical record.

(c)1.  The administrator of the treatment facility shall provide a copy of the involuntary outpatient placement certificate and a copy of the state mental health discharge form to a department representative in the county where the patient will be residing. For persons who are leaving a state mental health treatment facility, the petition for involuntary outpatient placement must be filed in the county where the patient will be residing.

2.  The service provider that will have primary responsibility for service provision shall be identified by the designated department representative prior to the order for involuntary outpatient placement and must, prior to filing a petition for involuntary outpatient placement, certify to the court whether the services recommended in the patient's discharge plan are available in the local community and whether the service provider agrees to provide those services. The service provider must develop with the patient, or the patient's guardian advocate, if appointed, a treatment or service plan that addresses the needs identified in the discharge plan. The plan must be deemed to be clinically appropriate by a physician, clinical psychologist, psychiatric nurse, or clinical social worker, as defined in this chapter, who consults with, or is employed or contracted by, the service provider.

3.  If the service provider certifies that the services in the proposed treatment or service plan are not available, the petitioner may not file the petition.

(3)  PETITION FOR INVOLUNTARY OUTPATIENT PLACEMENT.--

(a)  A petition for involuntary outpatient placement may be filed by:

1.  The administrator of a receiving facility; or

2.  The administrator of a treatment facility.

(b)  Each required criterion for involuntary outpatient placement must be alleged and substantiated in the petition for involuntary outpatient placement. A copy of the certificate recommending involuntary outpatient placement completed by a qualified professional specified in subsection (2) must be attached to the petition. A copy of the proposed treatment plan must be attached to the petition. Before the petition is filed, the service provider shall certify that the services in the proposed treatment plan are available. If the necessary services are not available in the patient's local community to respond to the person's individual needs, the petition may not be filed.

(c)  The petition for involuntary outpatient placement must be filed in the county where the patient is located, unless the patient is being placed from a state treatment facility, in which case the petition must be filed in the county where the patient will reside. When the petition has been filed, the clerk of the court shall provide copies of the petition and the proposed treatment plan to the department, the patient, the patient's guardian or representative, the state attorney, and the public defender or the patient's private counsel. A fee may not be charged for filing a petition under this subsection.

(4)  APPOINTMENT OF COUNSEL.--Within 1 court working day after the filing of a petition for involuntary outpatient placement, the court shall appoint the public defender to represent the person who is the subject of the petition, unless the person is otherwise represented by counsel. The clerk of the court shall immediately notify the public defender of the appointment. The public defender shall represent the person until the petition is dismissed, the court order expires, or the patient is discharged from involuntary outpatient placement. An attorney who represents the patient shall have access to the patient, witnesses, and records relevant to the presentation of the patient's case and shall represent the interests of the patient, regardless of the source of payment to the attorney.

(5)  CONTINUANCE OF HEARING.--The patient is entitled, with the concurrence of the patient's counsel, to at least one continuance of the hearing. The continuance shall be for a period of up to 4 weeks.

(6)  HEARING ON INVOLUNTARY OUTPATIENT PLACEMENT.--

(a)1.  The court shall hold the hearing on involuntary outpatient placement within 5 working days after the filing of the petition, unless a continuance is granted. The hearing shall be held in the county where the petition is filed, shall be as convenient to the patient as is consistent with orderly procedure, and shall be conducted in physical settings not likely to be injurious to the patient's condition. If the court finds that the patient's attendance at the hearing is not consistent with the best interests of the patient and if the patient's counsel does not object, the court may waive the presence of the patient from all or any portion of the hearing. The state attorney for the circuit in which the patient is located shall represent the state, rather than the petitioner, as the real party in interest in the proceeding.

2.  The court may appoint a master to preside at the hearing. One of the professionals who executed the involuntary outpatient placement certificate shall be a witness. The patient and the patient's guardian or representative shall be informed by the court of the right to an independent expert examination. If the patient cannot afford such an examination, the court shall provide for one. The independent expert's report shall be confidential and not discoverable, unless the expert is to be called as a witness for the patient at the hearing. The court shall allow testimony from individuals, including family members, deemed by the court to be relevant under state law, regarding the person's prior history and how that prior history relates to the person's current condition. The testimony in the hearing must be given under oath, and the proceedings must be recorded. The patient may refuse to testify at the hearing.

(b)1.  If the court concludes that the patient meets the criteria for involuntary outpatient placement pursuant to subsection (1), the court shall issue an order for involuntary outpatient placement. The court order shall be for a period of up to 6 months. The order must specify the nature and extent of the patient's mental illness. The order of the court and the treatment plan shall be made part of the patient's clinical record. The service provider shall discharge a patient from involuntary outpatient placement when the order expires or any time the patient no longer meets the criteria for involuntary placement. Upon discharge, the service provider shall send a certificate of discharge to the court.

2.  The court may not order the department or the service provider to provide services if the program or service is not available in the patient's local community, if there is no space available in the program or service for the patient, or if funding is not available for the program or service. A copy of the order must be sent to the Agency for Health Care Administration by the service provider within 1 working day after it is received from the court. After the placement order is issued, the service provider and the patient may modify provisions of the treatment plan. For any material modification of the treatment plan to which the patient or the patient's guardian advocate, if appointed, does agree, the service provider shall send notice of the modification to the court. Any material modifications of the treatment plan which are contested by the patient or the patient's guardian advocate, if appointed, must be approved or disapproved by the court consistent with subsection (2).

3.  If, in the clinical judgment of a physician, the patient has failed or has refused to comply with the treatment ordered by the court, and, in the clinical judgment of the physician, efforts were made to solicit compliance and the patient may meet the criteria for involuntary examination, a person may be brought to a receiving facility pursuant to s. 394.463. If, after examination, the patient does not meet the criteria for involuntary inpatient placement pursuant to s. 394.467, the patient must be discharged from the receiving facility. The involuntary outpatient placement order shall remain in effect unless the service provider determines that the patient no longer meets the criteria for involuntary outpatient placement or until the order expires. The service provider must determine whether modifications should be made to the existing treatment plan and must attempt to continue to engage the patient in treatment. For any material modification of the treatment plan to which the patient or the patient's guardian advocate, if appointed, does agree, the service provider shall send notice of the modification to the court. Any material modifications of the treatment plan which are contested by the patient or the patient's guardian advocate, if appointed, must be approved or disapproved by the court consistent with subsection (2).

(c)  If, at any time before the conclusion of the initial hearing on involuntary outpatient placement, it appears to the court that the person does not meet the criteria for involuntary outpatient placement under this section but, instead, meets the criteria for involuntary inpatient placement, the court may order the person admitted for involuntary inpatient examination under s. 394.463. If the person instead meets the criteria for involuntary assessment, protective custody, or involuntary admission pursuant to s. 397.675, the court may order the person to be admitted for involuntary assessment for a period of 5 days pursuant to s. 397.6811. Thereafter, all proceedings shall be governed by chapter 397.

(d)  At the hearing on involuntary outpatient placement, the court shall consider testimony and evidence regarding the patient's competence to consent to treatment. If the court finds that the patient is incompetent to consent to treatment, it shall appoint a guardian advocate as provided in s. 394.4598. The guardian advocate shall be appointed or discharged in accordance with s. 394.4598.

(e)  The administrator of the receiving facility or the designated department representative shall provide a copy of the court order and adequate documentation of a patient's mental illness to the service provider for involuntary outpatient placement. Such documentation must include any advance directives made by the patient, a psychiatric evaluation of the patient, and any evaluations of the patient performed by a clinical psychologist or a clinical social worker.

(7)  PROCEDURE FOR CONTINUED INVOLUNTARY OUTPATIENT PLACEMENT.--

(a)1.  If the person continues to meet the criteria for involuntary outpatient placement, the service provider shall, before the expiration of the period during which the treatment is ordered for the person, file in the circuit court a petition for continued involuntary outpatient placement.

2.  The existing involuntary outpatient placement order remains in effect until disposition on the petition for continued involuntary outpatient placement.

3.  A certificate shall be attached to the petition which includes a statement from the person's physician or clinical psychologist justifying the request, a brief description of the patient's treatment during the time he or she was involuntarily placed, and an individualized plan of continued treatment.

4.  The service provider shall develop the individualized plan of continued treatment in consultation with the patient or the patient's guardian advocate, if appointed. When the petition has been filed, the clerk of the court shall provide copies of the certificate and the individualized plan of continued treatment to the department, the patient, the patient's guardian advocate, the state attorney, and the patient's private counsel or the public defender.

(b)  Within 1 court working day after the filing of a petition for continued involuntary outpatient placement, the court shall appoint the public defender to represent the person who is the subject of the petition, unless the person is otherwise represented by counsel. The clerk of the court shall immediately notify the public defender of such appointment. The public defender shall represent the person until the petition is dismissed or the court order expires or the patient is discharged from involuntary outpatient placement. Any attorney representing the patient shall have access to the patient, witnesses, and records relevant to the presentation of the patient's case and shall represent the interests of the patient, regardless of the source of payment to the attorney.

(c)  Hearings on petitions for continued involuntary outpatient placement shall be before the circuit court. The court may appoint a master to preside at the hearing. The procedures for obtaining an order pursuant to this paragraph shall be in accordance with subsection (6), except that the time period included in paragraph (1)(e) is not applicable in determining the appropriateness of additional periods of involuntary outpatient placement.

(d)  Notice of the hearing shall be provided as set forth in s. 394.4599. The patient and the patient's attorney may agree to a period of continued outpatient placement without a court hearing.

(e)  The same procedure shall be repeated before the expiration of each additional period the patient is placed in treatment.

(f)  If the patient has previously been found incompetent to consent to treatment, the court shall consider testimony and evidence regarding the patient's competence. Section 394.4598 governs the discharge of the guardian advocate if the patient's competency to consent to treatment has been restored.

History.--s. 8, ch. 2004-385.

394.467  Involuntary inpatient placement.--

(1)  CRITERIA.--A person may be placed in involuntary inpatient placement for treatment upon a finding of the court by clear and convincing evidence that:

(a)  He or she is mentally ill and because of his or her mental illness:

1.a.  He or she has refused voluntary placement for treatment after sufficient and conscientious explanation and disclosure of the purpose of placement for treatment; or

b.  He or she is unable to determine for himself or herself whether placement is necessary; and

2.a.  He or she is manifestly incapable of surviving alone or with the help of willing and responsible family or friends, including available alternative services, and, without treatment, is likely to suffer from neglect or refuse to care for himself or herself, and such neglect or refusal poses a real and present threat of substantial harm to his or her well-being; or

b.  There is substantial likelihood that in the near future he or she will inflict serious bodily harm on himself or herself or another person, as evidenced by recent behavior causing, attempting, or threatening such harm; and

(b)  All available less restrictive treatment alternatives which would offer an opportunity for improvement of his or her condition have been judged to be inappropriate.

(2)  ADMISSION TO A TREATMENT FACILITY.--A patient may be retained by a receiving facility or involuntarily placed in a treatment facility upon the recommendation of the administrator of a receiving facility where the patient has been examined and after adherence to the notice and hearing procedures provided in s. 394.4599. The recommendation must be supported by the opinion of a psychiatrist and the second opinion of a clinical psychologist or another psychiatrist, both of whom have personally examined the patient within the preceding 72 hours, that the criteria for involuntary inpatient placement are met. However, in counties of less than 50,000 population, if the administrator certifies that no psychiatrist or clinical psychologist is available to provide the second opinion, such second opinion may be provided by a licensed physician with postgraduate training and experience in diagnosis and treatment of mental and nervous disorders or by a psychiatric nurse as defined in s. 394.455(23). Such recommendation shall be entered on an involuntary inpatient placement certificate, which certificate shall authorize the receiving facility to retain the patient pending transfer to a treatment facility or completion of a hearing.

(3)  PETITION FOR INVOLUNTARY INPATIENT PLACEMENT.--The administrator of the facility shall file a petition for involuntary inpatient placement in the court in the county where the patient is located. Upon filing, the clerk of the court shall provide copies to the department, the patient, the patient's guardian or representative, and the state attorney and public defender of the judicial circuit in which the patient is located. No fee shall be charged for the filing of a petition under this subsection.

(4)  APPOINTMENT OF COUNSEL.--Within 1 court working day after the filing of a petition for involuntary inpatient placement, the court shall appoint the public defender to represent the person who is the subject of the petition, unless the person is otherwise represented by counsel. The clerk of the court shall immediately notify the public defender of such appointment. Any attorney representing the patient shall have access to the patient, witnesses, and records relevant to the presentation of the patient's case and shall represent the interests of the patient, regardless of the source of payment to the attorney.

(5)  CONTINUANCE OF HEARING.--The patient is entitled, with the concurrence of the patient's counsel, to at least one continuance of the hearing. The continuance shall be for a period of up to 4 weeks.

(6)  HEARING ON INVOLUNTARY INPATIENT PLACEMENT.--

(a)1.  The court shall hold the hearing on involuntary inpatient placement within 5 days, unless a continuance is granted. The hearing shall be held in the county where the patient is located and shall be as convenient to the patient as may be consistent with orderly procedure and shall be conducted in physical settings not likely to be injurious to the patient's condition. If the court finds that the patient's attendance at the hearing is not consistent with the best interests of the patient, and the patient's counsel does not object, the court may waive the presence of the patient from all or any portion of the hearing. The state attorney for the circuit in which the patient is located shall represent the state, rather than the petitioning facility administrator, as the real party in interest in the proceeding.

2.  The court may appoint a general or special magistrate to preside at the hearing. One of the professionals who executed the involuntary inpatient placement certificate shall be a witness. The patient and the patient's guardian or representative shall be informed by the court of the right to an independent expert examination. If the patient cannot afford such an examination, the court shall provide for one. The independent expert's report shall be confidential and not discoverable, unless the expert is to be called as a witness for the patient at the hearing. The testimony in the hearing must be given under oath, and the proceedings must be recorded. The patient may refuse to testify at the hearing.

(b)  If the court concludes that the patient meets the criteria for involuntary inpatient placement, it shall order that the patient be transferred to a treatment facility or, if the patient is at a treatment facility, that the patient be retained there or be treated at any other appropriate receiving or treatment facility, or that the patient receive services from a receiving or treatment facility, on an involuntary basis, for a period of up to 6 months. The order shall specify the nature and extent of the patient's mental illness. The facility shall discharge a patient any time the patient no longer meets the criteria for involuntary inpatient placement, unless the patient has transferred to voluntary status.

(c)  If at any time prior to the conclusion of the hearing on involuntary inpatient placement it appears to the court that the person does not meet the criteria for involuntary inpatient placement under this section, but instead meets the criteria for involuntary outpatient placement, the court may order the person evaluated for involuntary outpatient placement pursuant to s. 394.4655. The petition and hearing procedures set forth in s. 394.4655 shall apply. If the person instead meets the criteria for involuntary assessment, protective custody, or involuntary admission pursuant to s. 397.675, then the court may order the person to be admitted for involuntary assessment for a period of 5 days pursuant to s. 397.6811. Thereafter, all proceedings shall be governed by chapter 397.

(d)  At the hearing on involuntary inpatient placement, the court shall consider testimony and evidence regarding the patient's competence to consent to treatment. If the court finds that the patient is incompetent to consent to treatment, it shall appoint a guardian advocate as provided in s. 394.4598.

(e)  The administrator of the receiving facility shall provide a copy of the court order and adequate documentation of a patient's mental illness to the administrator of a treatment facility whenever a patient is ordered for involuntary inpatient placement, whether by civil or criminal court. Such documentation shall include any advance directives made by the patient, a psychiatric evaluation of the patient, and any evaluations of the patient performed by a clinical psychologist or a clinical social worker. The administrator of a treatment facility may refuse admission to any patient directed to its facilities on an involuntary basis, whether by civil or criminal court order, who is not accompanied at the same time by adequate orders and documentation.

(7)  PROCEDURE FOR CONTINUED INVOLUNTARY INPATIENT PLACEMENT.--

(a)  Hearings on petitions for continued involuntary inpatient placement shall be administrative hearings and shall be conducted in accordance with the provisions of s. 120.57(1), except that any order entered by the administrative law judge shall be final and subject to judicial review in accordance with s. 120.68. Orders concerning patients committed after successfully pleading not guilty by reason of insanity shall be governed by the provisions of s. 916.15.

(b)  If the patient continues to meet the criteria for involuntary inpatient placement, the administrator shall, prior to the expiration of the period during which the treatment facility is authorized to retain the patient, file a petition requesting authorization for continued involuntary inpatient placement. The request shall be accompanied by a statement from the patient's physician or clinical psychologist justifying the request, a brief description of the patient's treatment during the time he or she was involuntarily placed, and an individualized plan of continued treatment. Notice of the hearing shall be provided as set forth in s. 394.4599. If at the hearing the administrative law judge finds that attendance at the hearing is not consistent with the best interests of the patient, the administrative law judge may waive the presence of the patient from all or any portion of the hearing, unless the patient, through counsel, objects to the waiver of presence. The testimony in the hearing must be under oath, and the proceedings must be recorded.

(c)  Unless the patient is otherwise represented or is ineligible, he or she shall be represented at the hearing on the petition for continued involuntary inpatient placement by the public defender of the circuit in which the facility is located.

(d)  If at a hearing it is shown that the patient continues to meet the criteria for involuntary inpatient placement, the administrative law judge shall sign the order for continued involuntary inpatient placement for a period not to exceed 6 months. The same procedure shall be repeated prior to the expiration of each additional period the patient is retained.

(e)  If continued involuntary inpatient placement is necessary for a patient admitted while serving a criminal sentence, but whose sentence is about to expire, or for a patient involuntarily placed while a minor but who is about to reach the age of 18, the administrator shall petition the administrative law judge for an order authorizing continued involuntary inpatient placement.

(f)  If the patient has been previously found incompetent to consent to treatment, the administrative law judge shall consider testimony and evidence regarding the patient's competence. If the administrative law judge finds evidence that the patient is now competent to consent to treatment, the administrative law judge may issue a recommended order to the court that found the patient incompetent to consent to treatment that the patient's competence be restored and that any guardian advocate previously appointed be discharged.

(8)  RETURN OF PATIENTS.--When a patient at a treatment facility leaves the facility without authorization, the administrator may authorize a search for the patient and the return of the patient to the facility. The administrator may request the assistance of a law enforcement agency in the search for and return of the patient.

History.--s. 9, ch. 71-131; s. 8, ch. 73-133; ss. 3, 4, ch. 74-233; s. 1, ch. 75-305; s. 17, ch. 77-121; s. 205, ch. 77-147; s. 1, ch. 77-174; ss. 2, 8, ch. 77-312; s. 19, ch. 78-95; s. 1, ch. 78-197; s. 9, ch. 79-298; s. 2, ch. 79-336; ss. 2, 4, ch. 80-75; s. 12, ch. 82-212; s. 9, ch. 84-285; s. 28, ch. 85-167; s. 105, ch. 89-96; s. 70, ch. 90-271; s. 710, ch. 95-148; s. 18, ch. 96-169; s. 124, ch. 96-410; s. 3, ch. 98-92; s. 77, ch. 2004-11; s. 9, ch. 2004-385.

394.46715  Rulemaking authority.--The Department of Children and Family Services shall have rulemaking authority to implement the provisions of ss. 394.455, 394.4598, 394.4615, 394.463, 394.4655, and 394.467 as amended or created by this act. These rules shall be for the purpose of protecting the health, safety, and well-being of persons examined, treated, or placed under this act.

History.--s. 10, ch. 2004-385.

394.4672  Procedure for placement of veteran with federal agency.--

(1)  Whenever it is determined by the court that a person meets the criteria for involuntary placement and it appears that such person is eligible for care or treatment by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs or other agency of the United States Government, the court, upon receipt of a certificate from the United States Department of Veterans Affairs or such other agency showing that facilities are available and that the person is eligible for care or treatment therein, may place that person with the United States Department of Veterans Affairs or other federal agency. The person whose placement is sought shall be personally served with notice of the pending placement proceeding in the manner as provided in this part, and nothing in this section shall affect his or her right to appear and be heard in the proceeding. Upon placement, the person shall be subject to the rules and regulations of the United States Department of Veterans Affairs or other federal agency.

(2)  The judgment or order of placement by a court of competent jurisdiction of another state or of the District of Columbia, placing a person with the United States Department of Veterans Affairs or other federal agency for care or treatment, shall have the same force and effect in this state as in the jurisdiction of the court entering the judgment or making the order; and the courts of the placing state or of the District of Columbia shall be deemed to have retained jurisdiction of the person so placed. Consent is hereby given to the application of the law of the placing state or district with respect to the authority of the chief officer of any facility of the United States Department of Veterans Affairs or other federal agency operated in this state to retain custody or to transfer, parole, or discharge the person.

(3)  Upon receipt of a certificate of the United States Department of Veterans Affairs or such other federal agency that facilities are available for the care or treatment of mentally ill persons and that the person is eligible for care or treatment, the administrator of the receiving or treatment facility may cause the transfer of that person to the United States Department of Veterans Affairs or other federal agency. Upon effecting such transfer, the committing court shall be notified by the transferring agency. No person shall be transferred to the United States Department of Veterans Affairs or other federal agency if he or she is confined pursuant to the conviction of any felony or misdemeanor or if he or she has been acquitted of the charge solely on the ground of insanity, unless prior to transfer the court placing such person enters an order for the transfer after appropriate motion and hearing and without objection by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs.

(4)  Any person transferred as provided in this section shall be deemed to be placed with the United States Department of Veterans Affairs or other federal agency pursuant to the original placement.

History.--s. 15, ch. 14579, 1929; CGL 1936 Supp. 2146(16); s. 1, ch. 21795, 1943; s. 4, ch. 84-62; s. 18, ch. 93-268; s. 711, ch. 95-148; s. 19, ch. 96-169.

Note.--Former s. 293.16.

394.4674  Plan and report.--

(1)  The department is directed to develop a comprehensive plan for the deinstitutionalization of patients in a treatment facility who are over age 55 and do not meet the criteria for involuntary placement pursuant to s. 394.467. The plan shall include, but need not be limited to, the projected numbers of patients, the timetables for deinstitutionalization, and the specific actions to be taken to accomplish the deinstitutionalization.

(2)  The department shall prepare and submit a semiannual report to the Legislature, until the conditions specified in subsection (1) are met, which shall include, but not be limited to:

(a)  The status of compliance with the deinstitutionalization plan;

(b)  The specific efforts to stimulate alternative living and support resources outside the hospitals and all documentation of the success of these efforts;

(c)  The specific efforts to facilitate the development and retention of daily living skills identified by the department as being necessary for living outside an institution and any evidence of the success of these efforts;

(d)  The specific plans for new efforts to accomplish the deinstitutionalization of patients in this age group; and

(e)  Any evidence of involvement between the Mental Health Program Office and other program offices within the department and between the department and other state and private agencies and individuals to accomplish the deinstitutionalization of patients in this age group.

History.--s. 2, ch. 80-293; s. 245, ch. 81-259; s. 6, ch. 81-290; s. 20, ch. 96-169; s. 49, ch. 2000-139.

394.468  Admission and discharge procedures.--Admission and discharge procedures and treatment policies of the department are governed solely by this part. Such procedures and policies shall not be subject to control by court procedure rules. The matters within the purview of this part are deemed to be substantive, not procedural.

History.--s. 9, ch. 77-312; s. 21, ch. 96-169.

394.4685  Transfer of patients among facilities.--

(1)  TRANSFER BETWEEN PUBLIC FACILITIES.--

(a)  A patient who has been admitted to a public receiving facility, or the family member, guardian, or guardian advocate of such patient, may request the transfer of the patient to another public receiving facility. A patient who has been admitted to a public treatment facility, or the family member, guardian, or guardian advocate of such patient, may request the transfer of the patient to another public treatment facility. Depending on the medical treatment or mental health treatment needs of the patient and the availability of appropriate facility resources, the patient may be transferred at the discretion of the department. If the department approves the transfer of an involuntary patient, notice according to the provisions of s. 394.4599 shall be given prior to the transfer by the transferring facility. The department shall respond to the request for transfer within 2 working days after receipt of the request by the facility administrator.

(b)  When required by the medical treatment or mental health treatment needs of the patient or the efficient utilization of a public receiving or public treatment facility, a patient may be transferred from one receiving facility to another, or one treatment facility to another, at the department's discretion, or, with the express and informed consent of the patient or the patient's guardian or guardian advocate, to a facility in another state. Notice according to the provisions of s. 394.4599 shall be given prior to the transfer by the transferring facility. If prior notice is not possible, notice of the transfer shall be provided as soon as practicable after the transfer.

(2)  TRANSFER FROM PUBLIC TO PRIVATE FACILITIES.--A patient who has been admitted to a public receiving or public treatment facility and has requested, either personally or through his or her guardian or guardian advocate, and is able to pay for treatment in a private facility shall be transferred at the patient's expense to a private facility upon acceptance of the patient by the private facility.

(3)  TRANSFER FROM PRIVATE TO PUBLIC FACILITIES.--

(a)  A patient or the patient's guardian or guardian advocate may request the transfer of the patient from a private to a public facility, and the patient may be so transferred upon acceptance of the patient by the public facility.

(b)  A private facility may request the transfer of a patient from the facility to a public facility, and the patient may be so transferred upon acceptance of the patient by the public facility. The cost of such transfer shall be the responsibility of the transferring facility.

(c)  A public facility must respond to a request for the transfer of a patient within 2 working days after receipt of the request.

(4)  TRANSFER BETWEEN PRIVATE FACILITIES.--A patient in a private facility or the patient's guardian or guardian advocate may request the transfer of the patient to another private facility at any time, and the patient shall be transferred upon acceptance of the patient by the facility to which transfer is sought.

History.--s. 22, ch. 96-169.

394.469  Discharge of involuntary patients.--

(1)  POWER TO DISCHARGE.--At any time a patient is found to no longer meet the criteria for involuntary placement, the administrator shall:

(a)  Discharge the patient, unless the patient is under a criminal charge, in which case the patient shall be transferred to the custody of the appropriate law enforcement officer;

(b)  Transfer the patient to voluntary status on his or her own authority or at the patient's request, unless the patient is under criminal charge or adjudicated incapacitated; or

(c)  Place an improved patient, except a patient under a criminal charge, on convalescent status in the care of a community facility.

(2)  NOTICE.--Notice of discharge or transfer of a patient shall be given as provided in s. 394.4599.

History.--s. 10, ch. 71-131; s. 9, ch. 73-133; s. 10, ch. 79-298; s. 13, ch. 82-212; s. 712, ch. 95-148; s. 23, ch. 96-169.

394.473  Attorney's fee; expert witness fee.--

(1)  In the case of an indigent person for whom an attorney is appointed pursuant to the provisions of this part, the attorney shall be compensated by the state pursuant to s. 27.5304. In the case of an indigent person, the court may appoint a public defender. The public defender shall receive no additional compensation other than that usually paid his or her office.

(2)  In the case of an indigent person for whom expert testimony is required in a court hearing pursuant to the provisions of this act, the expert, except one who is classified as a full-time employee of the state or who is receiving remuneration from the state for his or her time in attendance at the hearing, shall be compensated by the state pursuant to s. 27.5304.

History.--s. 13, ch. 71-131; s. 10, ch. 73-133; s. 25, ch. 73-334; s. 12, ch. 79-298; s. 3, ch. 82-176; s. 14, ch. 82-212; s. 713, ch. 95-148; s. 107, ch. 2003-402; s. 70, ch. 2004-265.

394.475  Acceptance, examination, and involuntary placement of Florida residents from out-of-state mental health authorities.--

(1)  Upon the request of the state mental health authority of another state, the department is authorized to accept as a patient, for a period of not more than 15 days, a person who is and has been a bona fide resident of this state for a period of not less than 1 year.

(2)  Any person received pursuant to subsection (1) shall be examined by the staff of the state facility where such patient has been accepted, which examination shall be completed during the 15-day period.

(3)  If upon examination such a person requires continued involuntary placement, a petition for a hearing regarding involuntary placement shall be filed with the court of the county wherein the treatment facility receiving the patient is located or the county where the patient is a resident.

(4)  During the pendency of the examination period and the pendency of the involuntary placement proceedings, such person may continue to be held in the treatment facility unless the court having jurisdiction enters an order to the contrary.

History.--s. 14, ch. 71-131; s. 25, ch. 73-334; s. 206, ch. 77-147; s. 13, ch. 79-298; s. 15, ch. 82-212; s. 24, ch. 96-169.

394.4781  Residential care for psychotic and emotionally disturbed children.--

(1)  DEFINITIONS.--As used in this section:

(a)  "Psychotic or severely emotionally disturbed child" means a child so diagnosed by a psychiatrist or clinical psychologist who has specialty training and experience with children. Such a severely emotionally disturbed child or psychotic child shall be considered by this diagnosis to benefit by and require residential care as contemplated by this section.

(b)  "Department" means the Department of Children and Family Services.

(2)  FUNDING OF PROGRAM.--The department shall provide for the purposes of this section such amount as shall be set forth in the annual appropriations act as payment for part of the costs of residential care for psychotic or severely emotionally disturbed children.

(3)  ADMINISTRATION OF THE PROGRAM.--

(a)  The department shall provide the necessary application forms and office personnel to administer the purchase-of-service program.

(b)  The department shall review such applications monthly and, in accordance with available funds, the severity of the problems of the child, the availability of the needed residential care, and the financial means of the family involved, approve or disapprove each application. If an application is approved, the department shall contract for or purchase the services of an appropriate residential facility in such amounts as are determined by the annual appropriations act.

(c)  The department is authorized to promulgate such rules as are necessary for the full and complete implementation of the provisions of this section.

(d)  The department shall purchase services only from those facilities which are in compliance with standards promulgated by the department.

(4)  RULE ADOPTION.--The department may adopt rules to carry out this section, including rules concerning review and approval of applications for placement, cost-sharing, and client eligibility for placement, and rules to ensure that facilities from which the department purchases or contracts for services under this section provide:

(a)  Minimum standards for client care and treatment practices, including ensuring that sufficient numbers and types of qualified personnel are on duty and available at all times to provide necessary and adequate client safety, care, and security.

(b)  Minimum standards for client intake and admission, eligibility criteria, discharge planning, assessment, treatment planning, continuity of care, treatment modalities, service array, medical services, physical health services, client rights, maintenance of client records, and management of the treatment environment, including standards for the use of seclusion, restraints, and time-out.

(c)  Minimum standards for facility operation and administration, fiscal accountability, personnel policies and procedures, and staff education, qualifications, experience, and training.

(d)  Minimum standards for adequate infection control, housekeeping sanitation, disaster planning, firesafety, construction standards, and emergency services.

(e)  Minimum standards for the establishment, organization, and operation of the licensed facility in accordance with program standards of the department.

(f)  Licensing requirements.

History.--ss. 1, 2, 3, ch. 77-287; s. 156, ch. 79-400; s. 16, ch. 82-212; s. 3, ch. 98-152; s. 99, ch. 99-8.

394.4784  Minors; access to outpatient crisis intervention services and treatment.--For the purposes of this section, the disability of nonage is removed for any minor age 13 years or older to access services under the following circumstances:

(1)  OUTPATIENT DIAGNOSTIC AND EVALUATION SERVICES.--When any minor age 13 years or older experiences an emotional crisis to such degree that he or she perceives the need for professional assistance, he or she shall have the right to request, consent to, and receive mental health diagnostic and evaluative services provided by a licensed mental health professional, as defined by Florida Statutes, or in a mental health facility licensed by the state. The purpose of such services shall be to determine the severity of the problem and the potential for harm to the person or others if further professional services are not provided. Outpatient diagnostic and evaluative services shall not include medication and other somatic methods, aversive stimuli, or substantial deprivation. Such services shall not exceed two visits during any 1-week period in response to a crisis situation before parental consent is required for further services, and may include parental participation when determined to be appropriate by the mental health professional or facility.

(2)  OUTPATIENT CRISIS INTERVENTION, THERAPY AND COUNSELING SERVICES.--When any minor age 13 years or older experiences an emotional crisis to such degree that he or she perceives the need for professional assistance, he or she shall have the right to request, consent to, and receive outpatient crisis intervention services including individual psychotherapy, group therapy, counseling, or other forms of verbal therapy provided by a licensed mental health professional, as defined by Florida Statutes, or in a mental health facility licensed by the state. Such services shall not include medication and other somatic treatments, aversive stimuli, or substantial deprivation. Such services shall not exceed two visits during any 1-week period in response to a crisis situation before parental consent is required for further services, and may include parental participation when determined to be appropriate by the mental health professional or facility.

(3)  LIABILITY FOR PAYMENT.--The parent, parents, or legal guardian of a minor shall not be liable for payment for any such outpatient diagnostic and evaluation services or outpatient therapy and counseling services, as provided in this section, unless such parent, parents, or legal guardian participates in the outpatient diagnostic and evaluation services or outpatient therapy and counseling services and then only for the services rendered with such participation.

(4)  PROVISION OF SERVICES.--No licensed mental health professional shall be obligated to provide services to minors accorded the right to receive services under this section. Provision of such services shall be on a voluntary basis.

History.--s. 2, ch. 91-170; s. 716, ch. 95-148.

394.4785  Children and adolescents; admission and placement in mental facilities.--

(1)  A child or adolescent as defined in s. 394.492 may not be admitted to a state-owned or state-operated mental health treatment facility. A child may be admitted pursuant to s. 394.4625 or s. 394.467 to a crisis stabilization unit or a residential treatment center licensed under this chapter or a hospital licensed under chapter 395. The treatment center, unit, or hospital must provide the least restrictive available treatment that is appropriate to the individual needs of the child or adolescent and must adhere to the guiding principles, system of care, and service planning provisions contained in part III of this chapter.

(2)  A person under the age of 14 who is admitted to any hospital licensed pursuant to chapter 395 may not be admitted to a bed in a room or ward with an adult patient in a mental health unit or share common areas with an adult patient in a mental health unit. However, a person 14 years of age or older may be admitted to a bed in a room or ward in the mental health unit with an adult if the admitting physician documents in the case record that such placement is medically indicated or for reasons of safety. Such placement shall be reviewed by the attending physician or a designee or on-call physician each day and documented in the case record.

History.--ss. 1, 2, ch. 82-212; s. 1, ch. 85-254; s. 1, ch. 87-209; s. 2, ch. 2000-265; s. 152, ch. 2000-349.

394.4786  Intent.--

(1)  The Legislature intends that all hospitals, excluding hospitals owned and operated by the department or the Department of Corrections, be assessed on a continuing basis an amount equal to 1.5 percent of the hospital's annual net operating revenues and that the assessments be deposited into the Public Medical Assistance Trust Fund.

(2)  Further, the Legislature intends that a specialty psychiatric hospital that provides health care to specified indigent patients be eligible for reimbursement up to the amount that hospital contributed to the Public Medical Assistance Trust Fund in the previous fiscal year.

History.--s. 1, ch. 89-355; s. 25, ch. 96-169.

394.47865  South Florida State Hospital; privatization.--

(1)  The Department of Children and Family Services shall, through a request for proposals, privatize South Florida State Hospital. The department shall plan to begin implementation of this privatization initiative by July 1, 1998.

(a)  Notwithstanding s. 287.057(14), the department may enter into agreements, not to exceed 20 years, with a private provider, a coalition of providers, or another agency to finance, design, and construct a treatment facility having up to 350 beds and to operate all aspects of daily operations within the facility. The department may subcontract any or all components of this procurement to a statutorily established state governmental entity that has successfully contracted with private companies for designing, financing, acquiring, leasing, constructing, and operating major privatized state facilities.

(b)  The selected contractor is authorized to sponsor the issuance of tax-exempt bonds, certificates of participation, or other securities to finance the project, and the state is authorized to enter into a lease-purchase agreement for the treatment facility.

(2)  The contractor shall operate South Florida State Hospital as a mental health treatment facility that serves voluntarily and involuntarily committed indigent adults who meet the criteria of part I of this chapter and who reside in the South Florida State Hospital service area.

(a)  South Florida State Hospital shall remain a participant in the mental health disproportionate share program so long as the residents receive eligible services.

(b)  The department and the contractor shall ensure that the treatment facility is operated as a part of a total continuum of care for persons who are mentally ill. The contractor shall have as its primary goal for the treatment facility to effectively treat and assist residents to return to the community as quickly as possible.

(3)(a)  Current South Florida State Hospital employees who are affected by the privatization shall be given first preference for continued employment by the contractor. The department shall make reasonable efforts to find suitable job placements for employees who wish to remain within the state Career Service System.

(b)  Any savings that result from the privatization of South Florida State Hospital shall be directed to the department's service districts 9, 10, and 11 for the delivery of community mental health services.

History.--s. 14, ch. 97-260; s. 14, ch. 2001-278; s. 35, ch. 2002-207.

394.4787  Definitions; ss. 394.4786, 394.4787, 394.4788, and 394.4789.--As used in this section and ss. 394.4786, 394.4788, and 394.4789:

(1)  "Acute mental health services" means mental health services provided through inpatient hospitalization.

(2)  "Agency" means the Agency for Health Care Administration.

(3)  "Charity care" means that portion of hospital charges for care provided to a patient whose family income for the 12 months preceding the determination is equal to or below 150 percent of the current federal nonfarm poverty guideline or the amount of hospital charges due from the patient which exceeds 25 percent of the annual family income and for which there is no compensation. Charity care shall not include administrative or courtesy discounts, contractual allowances to third party payors, or failure of a hospital to collect full charges due to partial payment by governmental programs.

(4)  "Indigent" means an individual whose financial status would qualify him or her for charity care.

(5)  "Operating expense" means all common and accepted costs appropriate in developing and maintaining the operating of the patient care facility and its activities.

(6)  "PMATF" means the Public Medical Assistance Trust Fund.

(7)  "Specialty psychiatric hospital" means a hospital licensed by the agency pursuant to s. 395.002(29) as a specialty psychiatric hospital.

History.--s. 2, ch. 89-355; s. 1, ch. 90-192; s. 11, ch. 90-295; s. 55, ch. 91-282; s. 90, ch. 92-33; ss. 70, 98, ch. 92-289; s. 717, ch. 95-148; s. 26, ch. 96-169; s. 32, ch. 98-89; s. 25, ch. 98-171; s. 205, ch. 99-13.

394.4788  Use of certain PMATF funds for the purchase of acute care mental health services.--

(1)  A hospital may be eligible to be reimbursed an amount no greater than the hospital's previous year contribution to the PMATF for acute mental health services provided to indigent mentally ill persons who have been determined by the agency or its agent to require such treatment and who:

(a)  Do not meet Medicaid eligibility criteria, unless the agency makes a referral for a Medicaid eligible patient pursuant to s. 394.4789;

(b)  Meet the criteria for mental illness under this part; and

(c)  Meet the definition of charity care.

(2)  The agency shall annually calculate a per diem reimbursement rate for each specialty psychiatric hospital to be paid to the specialty psychiatric hospitals for the provision of acute mental health services provided to indigent mentally ill patients who meet the criteria in subsection (1). After the first rate period, providers shall be notified of new reimbursement rates for each new state fiscal year by June 1. The new reimbursement rates shall commence July 1.

(3)  Reimbursement rates shall be calculated using the most recent audited actual costs received by the agency. Cost data received each April 15 shall be used in the calculation of the rates. Historic costs shall be inflated from the midpoint of a hospital's fiscal year to the midpoint of the state fiscal year. The inflation adjustment shall be made utilizing the latest available projections as of March 31 for the Data Resources Incorporated National and Regional Hospital Input Price Indices as calculated by the Medicaid program office.

(4)  Reimbursement shall be based on compensating a specialty psychiatric hospital at a per diem rate equal to its operating costs per inpatient day.

(5)  A hospital shall not be entitled to receive more in any one fiscal year than that hospital contributed to the PMATF during the previous fiscal year.

(6)  Hospitals that agree to participate in the program set forth in this section and ss. 394.4786, 394.4787, and 394.4789 shall agree that payment from the PMATF is payment in full for all patients for which reimbursement is received under this section and ss. 394.4786, 394.4787, and 394.4789, until the funds for this program are no longer available.

(7)  The agency shall develop a payment system to reimburse specialty psychiatric hospitals quarterly as set forth in this part.

History.--s. 3, ch. 89-355; s. 1, ch. 90-192; s. 98, ch. 92-289; s. 27, ch. 96-169; s. 3, ch. 98-89.

394.4789  Establishment of referral process and eligibility determination.--

(1)  The department shall adopt by rule a referral process which shall provide each participating specialty psychiatric hospital with a system for accepting into the hospital's care indigent mentally ill persons referred by the department. It is the intent of the Legislature that a hospital which seeks payment under s. 394.4788 shall accept referrals from the department. However, a hospital shall have the right to refuse the admission of a patient due to lack of functional bed space or lack of services appropriate to a patient's specific treatment and no hospital shall be required to accept referrals if the costs for treating the referred patient are no longer reimbursable because the hospital has reached the level of contribution made to the PMATF in the previous fiscal year. Furthermore, a hospital that does not seek compensation for indigent mentally ill patients under the provisions of this act shall not be obliged to accept department referrals, notwithstanding any agreements it may have entered into with the department. The right of refusal in this subsection shall not affect a hospital's requirement to provide emergency care pursuant to s. 395.1041 or other statutory requirements related to the provision of emergency care.

(2)  The department shall adopt by rule a patient eligibility form and shall be responsible for eligibility determination. However, the department may contract with participating psychiatric hospitals for eligibility determination. The eligibility form shall provide the mechanism for determining a patient's eligibility according to the requirements of s. 394.4788(1).

(a)  A specialty psychiatric hospital shall be eligible for reimbursement only when an eligibility form has been completed for each indigent mentally ill person for whom reimbursement is sought.

(b)  As part of eligibility determination, every effort shall be made by the hospital to determine if any third party insurance coverage is available.

History.--s. 4, ch. 89-355; s. 71, ch. 92-289.

394.479  Interstate Compact on Mental Health.

394.480  Compact administrator.

394.481  Supplemental agreements with other states.

394.482  Payment of financial obligations imposed by compact.

394.483  Authorized actions by administrator.

394.484  Transmission of copies of act adopting compact.

394.479  Interstate Compact on Mental Health.--The Interstate Compact on Mental Health is hereby enacted into law and entered into by this state with all other states legally joining therein in the form substantially as follows:

The party states find that the proper and expeditious treatment of the mentally ill and mentally deficient can be facilitated by cooperative action, to the benefit of the patients, their families, and society as a whole. Further, the party states find that the necessity of and desirability for furnishing such care and treatment bears no primary relation to the residence or citizenship of the patient but that, on the contrary, the controlling factors of community safety and humanitarianism require that facilities and services be made available for all who are in need of them. Consequently, it is the purpose of this compact and of the party states to provide the necessary legal basis for the institutionalization or other appropriate care and treatment of the mentally ill and mentally deficient under a system that recognizes the paramount importance of patient welfare and to establish the responsibilities of the party states in terms of such welfare.

As used in this compact:

(a)  "Sending state" shall mean a party state from which a patient is transported pursuant to the provisions of the compact or from which it is contemplated that a patient may be so sent.

(b)  "Receiving state" shall mean a party state to which a patient is transported pursuant to the provisions of the compact or to which it is contemplated that a patient may be so sent.

(c)  "Institution" shall mean any hospital or other facility maintained by a party state or political subdivision thereof for the care and treatment of mental illness or mental deficiency.

(d)  "Patient" shall mean any person subject to or eligible as determined by the laws of the sending state, for institutionalization or other care, treatment, or supervision pursuant to the provisions of this compact.

(e)  "Aftercare" shall mean care, treatment, and services provided a patient, as defined herein, on convalescent status or conditional release.

(f)  "Mental illness" shall mean mental disease to such extent that a person so afflicted requires care and treatment for his or her own welfare, or the welfare of others, or of the community.

(g)  "Mental deficiency" shall mean mental deficiency as defined by appropriate clinical authorities to such extent that a person so afflicted is incapable of managing himself or herself and his or her affairs, but shall not include mental illness as defined herein.

(h)  "State" shall mean any state, territory or possession of the United States, the District of Columbia, and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico.

(a)  Whenever a person physically present in any party state shall be in need of institutionalization by reason of mental illness or mental deficiency, he or she shall be eligible for care and treatment in an institution in that state irrespective of his or her residence, settlement or citizenship qualifications.

(b)  The provisions of paragraph (a) of this article to the contrary notwithstanding, any patient may be transferred to an institution in another state whenever there are factors based upon clinical determinations indicating that the care and treatment of said patient would be facilitated or improved thereby. Any such institutionalization may be for the entire period of care and treatment or for any portion or portions thereof. The factors referred to in this paragraph shall include the patient's full record with due regard for the location of the patient's family, character of the illness and probable duration thereof, and such other factors as shall be considered appropriate.

(c)  No state shall be obliged to receive any patient pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (b) of this article unless the sending state has given advance notice of its intention to send the patient; furnished all available medical and other pertinent records concerning the patient; given the qualified medical or other appropriate clinical authorities of the receiving state an opportunity to examine the patient if said authorities so wish; and unless the receiving state shall agree to accept the patient.

(d)  In the event that the laws of the receiving state establish a system of priorities for the admission of patients, an interstate patient under this compact shall receive the same priority as a local patient and shall be taken in the same order and at the same time that he or she would be taken if he or she were a local patient.

(e)  Pursuant to this compact, the determination as to the suitable place of institutionalization for a patient may be reviewed at any time and such further transfer of the patient may be made as seems likely to be in the best interest of the patient.

(a)  Whenever, pursuant to the laws of the state in which a patient is physically present, it shall be determined that the patient should receive aftercare or supervision, such care or supervision may be provided in a receiving state. If the medical or other appropriate clinical authorities having responsibility for the care and treatment of the patient in the sending state shall have reason to believe that aftercare in another state would be in the best interest of the patient and would not jeopardize the public safety, they shall request the appropriate authorities in the receiving state to investigate the desirability of affording the patient such aftercare in said receiving state, and such investigation shall be made with all reasonable speed. The request for investigation shall be accompanied by complete information concerning the patient's intended place of residence and the identity of the person in whose charge it is proposed to place the patient, the complete medical history of the patient, and such other documents as may be pertinent.

(b)  If the medical or other appropriate clinical authorities having responsibility for the care and treatment of the patient in the sending state and the appropriate authorities in the receiving state find that the best interest of the patient would be served thereby, and if the public safety would not be jeopardized thereby, the patient may receive aftercare or supervision in the receiving state.

(c)  In supervising, treating, or caring for a patient on aftercare pursuant to the terms of this article, a receiving state shall employ the same standards of visitation, examination, care, and treatment that it employs for similar local patients.

Whenever a dangerous or potentially dangerous patient escapes from an institution in any party state, that state shall promptly notify all appropriate authorities within and without the jurisdiction of the escape in a manner reasonably calculated to facilitate the speedy apprehension of the escapee. Immediately upon the apprehension and identification of any such dangerous or potentially dangerous patient, he or she shall be detained in the state where found pending disposition in accordance with law.

The duly accredited officers of any state party to this compact, upon the establishment of their authority and the identity of the patient, shall be permitted to transport any patient being moved pursuant to this compact through any and all states party to this compact, without interference.

(a)  No person shall be deemed a patient of more than one institution at any given time. Completion of transfer of any patient to an institution in a receiving state shall have the effect of making the person a patient of the institution in the receiving state.

(b)  The sending state shall pay all costs of, and incidental to, the transportation of any patient pursuant to this compact, but any two or more party states may, by making a specific agreement for that purpose, arrange for a different allocation of costs as among themselves.

(c)  No provision of this compact shall be construed to alter or affect any internal relationships among the departments, agencies and officers of and in the government of a party state, or between a party state and its subdivisions, as to the payment of costs, or responsibilities therefor.

(d)  Nothing in this compact shall be construed to prevent any party state or subdivision thereof from asserting any right against any person, agency or other entity in regard to costs for which such party state or subdivision thereof may be responsible pursuant to any provision of this compact.

(e)  Nothing in this compact shall be construed to invalidate any reciprocal agreement between a party state and a nonparty state relating to institutionalization, care or treatment of the mentally ill or mentally deficient, or any statutory authority pursuant to which such agreements may be made.

(a)  Nothing in this compact shall be construed to abridge, diminish, or in any way impair the rights, duties, and responsibilities of any patient's guardian on his or her own behalf or in respect of any patient for whom he or she may serve, except that where the transfer of any patient to another jurisdiction makes advisable the appointment of a supplemental or substitute guardian, any court of competent jurisdiction in the receiving state may make such supplemental or substitute appointment and the court which appointed the previous guardian shall upon being duly advised of the new appointment, and upon the satisfactory completion of such accounting and other acts as such court may by law require, relieve the previous guardian of power and responsibility to whatever extent shall be appropriate in the circumstances; provided, however, that in the case of any patient having settlement in the sending state, the court of competent jurisdiction in the sending state shall have the sole discretion to relieve a guardian appointed by it or continue his or her power and responsibility, whichever it shall deem advisable. The court in the receiving state may, in its discretion, confirm or reappoint the person or persons previously serving as guardian in the sending state in lieu of making a supplemental or substitute appointment.

(b)  The term "guardian" as used in paragraph (a) of this article shall include any guardian, trustee, legal committee, conservator, or other person or agency however denominated who is charged by law with power to act for or responsibility for the person or property of a patient.

(a)  No provision of this compact except Article V shall apply to any person institutionalized while under sentence in a penal or correctional institution or while subject to trial on a criminal charge, or whose institutionalization is due to the commission of an offense for which, in the absence of mental illness or mental deficiency, said person would be subject to incarceration in a penal or correctional institution.

(b)  To every extent possible, it shall be the policy of states party to this compact that no patient shall be placed or detained in any prison, jail or lockup, but such patient shall, with all expedition, be taken to a suitable institutional facility for mental illness or mental deficiency.

(a)  Each party state shall appoint a "compact administrator" who, on behalf of his or her state, shall act as general coordinator of activities under the compact in his or her state and who shall receive copies of all reports, correspondence, and other documents relating to any patient processed under the compact by his or her state either in the capacity of sending or receiving state. The compact administrator or his or her duly designated representative shall be the official with whom other party states shall deal in any matter relating to the compact or any patient processed thereunder.

(b)  The compact administrators of the respective party states shall have power to promulgate reasonable rules and regulations to carry out more effectively the terms and provisions of this compact.

The duly constituted administrative authorities of any two or more party states may enter into supplementary agreements for the provision of any service or facility or for the maintenance of any institution on a joint or cooperative basis whenever the states concerned shall find that such agreements will improve services, facilities, or institutional care and treatment in the fields of mental illness or mental deficiency. No such supplementary agreement shall be construed so as to relieve any party state of any obligation which it otherwise would have under other provisions of this compact.

This compact shall enter into full force and effect as to any state when enacted by it into law and such state shall thereafter be a party thereto with any and all states legally joining therein.

(a)  A state party to this compact may withdraw therefrom by enacting a statute repealing the same. Such withdrawal shall take effect one year after notice thereof has been communicated officially and in writing to the governors and compact administrators of all other party states. However, the withdrawal of any state shall not change the status of any patient who has been sent to said state or sent out of said state pursuant to the provisions of the compact.

(b)  Withdrawal from any agreement permitted by Article VII(b) as to costs or from any supplementary agreement made pursuant to Article XI shall be in accordance with the terms of such agreement.

This compact shall be liberally construed so as to effectuate the purposes thereof. The provisions of this compact shall be severable and if any phrase, clause, sentence or provision of this compact is declared to be contrary to the constitution of any party state or of the United States or the applicability thereof to any government, agency, person or circumstance is held invalid, the validity of the remainder of this compact and the applicability thereof to any government, agency, person or circumstance shall not be affected thereby. If this compact shall be held contrary to the constitution of any state party thereto, the compact shall remain in full force and effect as to the remaining states and in full force and effect as to the state affected as to all severable matters.

History.--s. 1, ch. 71-219; s. 718, ch. 95-148.

394.480  Compact administrator.--Pursuant to said compact, the Secretary of Children and Family Services shall be the compact administrator who, acting jointly with like officers of other party states, shall have power to promulgate rules and regulations to carry out more effectively the terms of the compact. The compact administrator is hereby authorized, empowered, and directed to cooperate with all departments, agencies, and officers of and in the government of this state and its subdivisions in facilitating the proper administration of the compact of any supplementary agreement or agreements entered into by this state thereunder.

History.--s. 2, ch. 71-219; s. 100, ch. 99-8.

394.481  Supplemental agreements with other states.--The compact administrator is hereby authorized and empowered to enter into supplementary agreements with appropriate officials of other states pursuant to Articles VII and XI of the compact. In the event that such supplementary agreements shall require or contemplate the use of any institution or facility of this state or require or contemplate the provision of any service by this state, no such agreement shall have force or effect until approved by the head of the department or agency under whose jurisdiction said institution or facility is operated or whose department or agency will be charged with the rendering of such service.

History.--s. 3, ch. 71-219.

394.482  Payment of financial obligations imposed by compact.--The compact administrator, subject to the approval of the Chief Financial Officer, may make or arrange for any payments necessary to discharge any financial obligations imposed upon this state by the compact or by any supplementary agreement entered into thereunder.

History.--s. 4, ch. 71-219; s. 414, ch. 2003-261.

394.483  Authorized actions by administrator.--The compact administrator is hereby directed to consult with the immediate family representatives or guardian of any proposed transferee and, in the case of a proposed transferee from an institution in this state to an institution in another party state, to take no final action without approval of the committing court, if any.

History.--s. 5, ch. 71-219.

394.484  Transmission of copies of act adopting compact.--Copies of this act shall upon its approval be transmitted by the Department of State to the governor of each state, the Attorney General and the Administrator of General Services of the United States, and the Council of State Governments.

History.--s. 6, ch. 71-219.

394.490  Short title.

394.491  Guiding principles for the child and adolescent mental health treatment and support system.

394.492  Definitions.

394.493  Target populations for child and adolescent mental health services funded through the department.

394.494  General performance outcomes for the child and adolescent mental health treatment and support system.

394.495  Child and adolescent mental health system of care; programs and services.

394.496  Service planning.

394.497  Case management services.

394.498  Child and Adolescent Interagency System of Care Demonstration Models.

394.4985  Districtwide information and referral network; implementation.

394.499  Integrated children's crisis stabilization unit/juvenile addictions receiving facility services.

394.4995  Conversion of specified facilities to children's behavioral crisis units; not required.

394.490  Short title.--Sections 394.490-394.497 may be cited as the "Comprehensive Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services Act."

History.--s. 1, ch. 98-5.

394.491  Guiding principles for the child and adolescent mental health treatment and support system.--It is the intent of the Legislature that the following principles guide the development and implementation of the publicly funded child and adolescent mental health treatment and support system:

(1)  The system should be centered on the child, adolescent, and family, with the needs and strengths of the child or adolescent and his or her family dictating the types and mix of services provided.

(2)  The families and surrogate families of children and adolescents, including, but not limited to, foster parents, should be active participants in all aspects of planning, selecting, and delivering mental health treatment services at the local level, as well as in developing statewide policies for child and adolescent mental health services.

(3)  The system of care should be community based, with accountability, the location of services, and the responsibility for management and decisionmaking resting at the local level.

(4)  The system should provide timely access to a comprehensive array of cost-effective mental health treatment and support services.

(5)  Children and adolescents who receive services should receive individualized services, guided by an individualized service plan, in accordance with the unique needs and strengths of each child or adolescent and his or her family.

(6)  Through an appropriate screening and assessment process, treatment and support systems should identify, as early as possible, children and adolescents who are in need of mental health services and should target known risk factors.

(7)  Children and adolescents should receive services within the least restrictive and most normal environment that is clinically appropriate for the service needs of the child or adolescent.

(8)  Mental health programs and services should support and strengthen families so that the family can more adequately meet the mental health needs of the family's child or adolescent.

(9)  Children and adolescents should receive services that are integrated and linked with schools, residential child-caring agencies, and other child-related agencies and programs.

(10)  Services must be delivered in a coordinated manner so that a child or adolescent can move through the system of services in accordance with the changing needs of the child or adolescent.

(11)  The delivery of comprehensive child and adolescent mental health services must enhance the likelihood of positive outcomes and contribute to the child's or adolescent's ability to function effectively at home, at school, and in the community.

(12)  An older adolescent should be provided with the necessary supports and skills in preparation for coping with life as a young adult.

(13)  An adolescent should be assured a smooth transition to the adult mental health system for continuing age-appropriate treatment services.

(14)  Community-based networks must educate people to recognize emotional disturbances in children and adolescents and provide information for obtaining access to appropriate treatment and support services.

(15)  Mental health services for children and adolescents must be provided in a sensitive manner that is responsive to cultural and gender differences and special needs. Mental health services must be provided without regard to race, religion, national origin, gender, physical disability, or other characteristics.

History.--s. 2, ch. 98-5.

394.492  Definitions.--As used in ss. 394.490-394.497, the term:

(1)  "Adolescent" means a person who is at least 13 years of age but under 18 years of age.

(2)  "Case manager" means a person who is responsible for participating in the development of and implementing a services plan, linking service providers to a child or adolescent and his or her family, monitoring the delivery of services, providing advocacy services, and collecting information to determine the effect of services and treatment.

(3)  "Child" means a person from birth until the person's 13th birthday.

(4)  "Child or adolescent at risk of emotional disturbance" means a person under 18 years of age who has an increased likelihood of becoming emotionally disturbed because of risk factors that include, but are not limited to:

(a)  Being homeless.

(b)  Having a family history of mental illness.

(c)  Being physically or sexually abused or neglected.

(d)  Abusing alcohol or other substances.

(e)  Being infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

(f)  Having a chronic and serious physical illness.

(g)  Having been exposed to domestic violence.

(h)  Having multiple out-of-home placements.

(5)  "Child or adolescent who has an emotional disturbance" means a person under 18 years of age who is diagnosed with a mental, emotional, or behavioral disorder of sufficient duration to meet one of the diagnostic categories specified in the most recent edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of the American Psychiatric Association, but who does not exhibit behaviors that substantially interfere with or limit his or her role or ability to function in the family, school, or community. The emotional disturbance must not be considered to be a temporary response to a stressful situation. The term does not include a child or adolescent who meets the criteria for involuntary placement under s. 394.467(1).

(6)  "Child or adolescent who has a serious emotional disturbance or mental illness" means a person under 18 years of age who:

(a)  Is diagnosed as having a mental, emotional, or behavioral disorder that meets one of the diagnostic categories specified in the most recent edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders of the American Psychiatric Association; and

(b)  Exhibits behaviors that substantially interfere with or limit his or her role or ability to function in the family, school, or community, which behaviors are not considered to be a temporary response to a stressful situation.

The term includes a child or adolescent who meets the criteria for involuntary placement under s. 394.467(1).

(7)  "Child or adolescent who is experiencing an acute mental or emotional crisis" means a child or adolescent who experiences a psychotic episode or a high level of mental or emotional distress which may be precipitated by a traumatic event or a perceived life problem for which the individual's typical coping strategies are inadequate. The term includes a child or adolescent who meets the criteria for involuntary examination specified in s. 394.463(1).

(8)  "Department" means the Department of Children and Family Services.

History.--s. 3, ch. 98-5; s. 2, ch. 2000-349.

394.493  Target populations for child and adolescent mental health services funded through the department.--

(1)  The child and adolescent mental health system of care funded through the Department of Children and Family Services shall serve, to the extent that resources are available, the following groups of children and adolescents who reside with their parents or legal guardians or who are placed in state custody:

(a)  Children and adolescents who are experiencing an acute mental or emotional crisis.

(b)  Children and adolescents who have a serious emotional disturbance or mental illness.

(c)  Children and adolescents who have an emotional disturbance.

(d)  Children and adolescents who are at risk of emotional disturbance.

(2)  Each mental health provider under contract with the department to provide mental health services to the target population shall collect fees from the parent or legal guardian of the child or adolescent receiving services. The fees shall be based on a sliding fee scale for families whose net family income is at or above 150 percent of the Federal Poverty Income Guidelines. The department shall adopt, by rule, a sliding fee scale for statewide implementation. Fees collected from families shall be retained in the service district and used for expanding child and adolescent mental health treatment services.

(3)  Each child or adolescent who meets the target population criteria of this section shall be served to the extent possible within available resources and consistent with the portion of the district substance abuse and mental health plan specified in s. 394.75 which pertains to child and adolescent mental health services.

History.--s. 4, ch. 98-5; s. 3, ch. 2000-349.

394.494  General performance outcomes for the child and adolescent mental health treatment and support system.--

(1)  It is the intent of the Legislature that the child and adolescent mental health treatment and support system achieve the following performance outcomes within the target populations who are eligible for services:

(a)  Stabilization or improvement of the emotional condition or behavior of the child or adolescent, as evidenced by resolving the presented problems and symptoms of the serious emotional disturbance recorded in the initial assessment.

(b)  Stabilization or improvement of the behavior or condition of the child or adolescent with respect to the family, so that the child or adolescent can function in the family with minimum appropriate supports.

(c)  Stabilization or improvement of the behavior or condition of the child or adolescent with respect to school, so that the child can function in the school with minimum appropriate supports.

(d)  Stabilization or improvement of the behavior or condition of the child or adolescent with respect to the way he or she interacts in the community, so that the child or adolescent can avoid behaviors that may be attributable to the emotional disturbance, such as substance abuse, unintended pregnancy, delinquency, sexually transmitted diseases, and other negative consequences.

(2)  Annually, pursuant to ¹s. 216.0166, the department shall develop more specific performance outcomes and performance measures to assess the performance of the child and adolescent mental health treatment and support system in achieving the intent of this section.

History.--s. 5, ch. 98-5.

¹Note.--Repealed by s. 61, ch. 2000-371.

394.495  Child and adolescent mental health system of care; programs and services.--

(1)  The department shall establish, within available resources, an array of services to meet the individualized service and treatment needs of children and adolescents who are members of the target populations specified in s. 394.493, and of their families. It is the intent of the Legislature that a child or adolescent may not be admitted to a state mental health facility and such a facility may not be included within the array of services.

(2)  The array of services must include assessment services that provide a professional interpretation of the nature of the problems of the child or adolescent and his or her family; family issues that may impact the problems; additional factors that contribute to the problems; and the assets, strengths, and resources of the child or adolescent and his or her family. The assessment services to be provided shall be determined by the clinical needs of each child or adolescent. Assessment services include, but are not limited to, evaluation and screening in the following areas:

(a)  Physical and mental health for purposes of identifying medical and psychiatric problems.

(b)  Psychological functioning, as determined through a battery of psychological tests.

(c)  Intelligence and academic achievement.

(d)  Social and behavioral functioning.

(e)  Family functioning.

The assessment for academic achievement is the financial responsibility of the school district. The department shall cooperate with other state agencies and the school district to avoid duplicating assessment services.

(3)  Assessments must be performed by:

(a)  A professional as defined in s. 394.455(2), (4), (21), (23), or (24);

(b)  A professional licensed under chapter 491; or

(c)  A person who is under the direct supervision of a professional as defined in s. 394.455(2), (4), (21), (23), or (24) or a professional licensed under chapter 491.

The department shall adopt by rule statewide standards for mental health assessments, which must be based on current relevant professional and accreditation standards.

(4)  The array of services may include, but is not limited to:

(a)  Prevention services.

(b)  Home-based services.

(c)  School-based services.

(d)  Family therapy.

(e)  Family support.

(f)  Respite services.

(g)  Outpatient treatment.

(h)  Day treatment.

(i)  Crisis stabilization.

(j)  Therapeutic foster care.

(k)  Residential treatment.

(l)  Inpatient hospitalization.

(m)  Case management.

(n)  Services for victims of sex offenses.

(o)  Transitional services.

(5)  In order to enhance collaboration between agencies and to facilitate the provision of services by the child and adolescent mental health treatment and support system and the school district, the local child and adolescent mental health system of care shall include the local educational multiagency network for severely emotionally disturbed students specified in s. 1006.04.

History.--s. 6, ch. 98-5; s. 981, ch. 2002-387.

394.496  Service planning.--

(1)  It is the intent of the Legislature that the service planning process:

(a)  Focus on individualized treatment and the service needs of the child or adolescent.

(b)  Concentrate on the service needs of the family and individual family members of the child's or adolescent's family.

(c)  Involve appropriate family members and pertinent community-based health, education, and social agencies.

(2)  The principals of the service planning process shall:

(a)  Assist the family and other caregivers in developing and implementing a workable services plan for treating the mental health problems of the child or adolescent.

(b)  Use all available resources in the community, particularly informal support services, which will assist in carrying out the goals and objectives of the services plan.

(c)  Maintain the child or adolescent in the most normal environment possible, as close to home as possible; and maintain the child in a stable school placement, which is consistent with the child's or adolescent's and other students' need for safety, if the child is removed from home and placed in state custody.

(d)  Ensure the ability and likelihood of family participation in the treatment of the child or adolescent, as well as enhancing family independence by building on family strengths and assets.

(3)  The services plan must include:

(a)  A behavioral description of the problem being addressed.

(b)  A description of the services or treatment to be provided to the child or adolescent and his or her family which address the identified problem, including:

1.  The type of services or treatment.

2.  The frequency and duration of services or treatment.

3.  The location at which the services or treatment are to be provided.

4.  The name of each accountable provider of services or treatment.

(c)  A description of the measurable objectives of treatment, which, if met, will result in measurable improvements of the condition of the child or adolescent, as specified in s. 394.494.

(4)  For students who are served by exceptional student education, there must be consistency between the services prescribed in the service plan and the components of the individual education plan.

(5)  The department shall adopt by rule criteria for determining when a child or adolescent who receives mental health services under ss. 394.490-394.497 must have an individualized services plan.

(6)  A professional as defined in s. 394.455(2), (4), (21), (23), or (24) or a professional licensed under chapter 491 must be included among those persons developing the services plan.

(7)  The services plan shall be developed in conference with the parent or legal guardian. If the parent or legal guardian believes that the services plan is inadequate, the parent or legal guardian may request that the department or its designee review and make recommended changes to the plan.

(8)  The services plan shall be reviewed at least every 90 days for programmatic and financial compliance.

History.--s. 7, ch. 98-5.

394.497  Case management services.--

(1)  As used in this section, the term "case management" means those activities aimed at:

(a)  Developing and implementing a services plan specified in s. 394.496.

(b)  Providing advocacy services.

(c)  Linking service providers to a child or adolescent and his or her family.

(d)  Monitoring the delivery of services.

(e)  Collecting information to determine the effect of services and treatment.

(2)  The department shall adopt by rule criteria that define the target population who shall be assigned case managers. The department shall develop standards for case management services and procedures for appointing case managers. It is the intent of the Legislature that case management services not be duplicated or fragmented and that such services promote the continuity and stability of a case manager assigned to a child or adolescent and his or her family.

History.--s. 8, ch. 98-5.

394.498  Child and Adolescent Interagency System of Care Demonstration Models.--

(1)  CREATION.--There is created the Child and Adolescent Interagency System of Care Demonstration Models to operate for 3 years for children and adolescents who have a serious emotional disturbance and for the families of such children and adolescents. It is the intent of the Legislature to encourage the Department of Children and Family Services, the Agency for Health Care Administration, the Department of Education, the Department of Health, the Department of Juvenile Justice, local governments, and any other interested public or private source to enter into a partnership agreement to provide a locally organized system of care for children and adolescents who have a serious emotional disturbance and for the families of such children and adolescents. A demonstration model must be provided within existing funds, center on the client and his or her family, promote the integration and coordination of services, provide for accountable outcomes, and emphasize the provision of services in the least restrictive setting that is clinically appropriate to the needs of the child or adolescent. Participation in the partnership agreement does not divest any public or private agency of its responsibility for a child or adolescent but allows these agencies to better meet the needs of the child or adolescent through shared resources.

(2)  GOALS.--The goal of the Child and Adolescent Interagency System of Care Demonstration Models is to provide a design for an effective interagency strategy for delivering services to children and adolescents who have a serious emotional disturbance and for the families of such children and adolescents. In addition to the guiding principles specified in s. 394.491, and the principles for service planning specified in s. 394.496(2), the goal of the strategy is to:

(a)  Enhance and expedite services to the seriously emotionally disturbed children and adolescents who choose to be served under the strategies of the demonstration model.

(b)  Refine the process of case management using the strengths approach in assessment and service planning and eliminating duplication of the case management function.

(c)  Employ natural supports in the family and the community to help meet the service needs of the child or adolescent who has a serious emotional disturbance.

(d)  Improve interagency planning efforts through greater collaboration between public and private community-based agencies.

(e)  Test creative and flexible strategies for financing the care of children and adolescents who have a serious emotional disturbance.

(f)  Share pertinent information about the child or adolescent among appropriate community agencies.

Except as otherwise specified, the demonstration models must comply with the requirements of ss. 394.490-394.497.

(3)  MODEL ENHANCEMENTS.--

(a)  The Legislature finds that strict reimbursement categories do not typically allow flexible funding for purchasing the formal and informal services that are needed by children and adolescents who have a serious emotional disturbance and who have particularly complex needs for services. Therefore, each demonstration model shall be governed by a multiagency consortium of state and county agencies and may use an integrated blend of state, federal, and local funds to purchase individualized treatment and support services for children and adolescents who have a serious emotional disturbance, based on client need rather than on traditional services limited to narrowly defined cost centers or appropriation categories.

(b)  The local consortium of purchasers is responsible for designing a well-defined care management system and network of experienced mental health providers in order to achieve delineated client outcomes.

(c)  The purpose of the demonstration models is to enhance the holistic concepts of mental health care by serving the total needs of the child or adolescent through an individualized services plan.

(d)  Notwithstanding chapter 216, the organized system of care implemented through the demonstration models may expend funds for services without any categorical restraints and shall provide for budget and program accountability and for fiscal management using generally accepted business practices pursuant to the direction of the multiagency oversight body. Funds shall be allocated so as to allow the local purchasing entity to provide the most appropriate care and treatment to the child or adolescent, including a range of traditional and nontraditional services in the least restrictive setting that is clinically appropriate to the needs of the child or adolescent. The consortium of purchasers shall assure that funds appropriated in the General Appropriations Act for services for the target population are not used for any other purpose than direct services to clients.

(e)  A local consortium of purchasers which chooses to participate in the demonstration model may reinvest cost savings in the community-based child and adolescent mental health treatment and support system. A purchaser that participates in the consortium is exempt from administrative procedures otherwise required with respect to budgeting and expending state and federal program funds.

(4)  ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS.--

(a)  In order to be approved as a Child and Adolescent Interagency System of Care Demonstration Model, the applicant must demonstrate its capacity to perform the following functions:

1.  Form a consortium of purchasers, which includes at least three of the following agencies:

a.  The Mental Health Program and Family Safety and Preservation Program of the Department of Children and Family Services.

b.  The Medicaid program of the Agency for Health Care Administration.

c.  The local school district.

d.  The Department of Juvenile Justice.

Each agency that participates in the consortium shall enter into a written interagency agreement that defines each agency's responsibilities.

2.  Establish an oversight body that is responsible for directing the demonstration model. The oversight body must include representatives from the state agencies that comprise the consortium of purchasers under subparagraph 1., as well as local governmental entities, a juvenile court judge, parents, and other community entities. The responsibilities of the oversight body must be specified in writing.

3.  Select a target population of children and adolescents, regardless of whether the child or adolescent is eligible or ineligible for Medicaid, based on the following parameters:

a.  The child or adolescent has a serious emotional disturbance or mental illness, as defined in s. 394.492(6), based on an assessment conducted by a licensed practitioner defined in s. 394.455(2), (4), (21), (23), or (24) or by a professional licensed under chapter 491;

b.  The total service costs per child or adolescent have exceeded $3,000 per month;

c.  The child or adolescent has had multiple out-of-home placements;

d.  The existing array of services does not effectively meet the needs of the child or adolescent;

e.  The case of the child or adolescent has been staffed by a district collaborative planning team and satisfactory results have not been achieved through existing case services plans; and

f.  The parent or legal guardian of the child or adolescent consents to participating in the demonstration model.

4.  Select a geographic site for the demonstration model. A demonstration model may be comprised of one or more counties and may include multiple service districts of the Department of Children and Family Services.

5.  Develop a mechanism for selecting the pool of children and adolescents who meet the criteria specified in this section for participating in the demonstration model.

6.  Establish a pooled funding plan that allocates proportionate costs to the purchasers. The plan must address all of the service needs of the child or adolescent, and funds may not be identified in the plan by legislative appropriation category or any other state or federal funding category.

a.  The funding plan shall be developed based on an analysis of expenditures made by each participating state agency during the previous 2 fiscal years in which services were provided for the target population or for individuals who have characteristics that are similar to the target population.

b.  Based on the results of this cost analysis, funds shall be collected from each of the participating state agencies and deposited into a central financial account.

c.  A financial body shall be designated to manage the pool of funds and shall have the capability to pay for individual services specified in a services plan.

7.  Identify a care management entity that reports to the oversight body. For purposes of the demonstration models, the term "care management entity" means the entity that assumes responsibility for the organization, planning, purchasing, and management of mental health treatment services to the target population in the demonstration model. The care management entity may not provide direct services to the target population. The care management entity shall:

a.  Manage the funds of the demonstration model within budget allocations. The administrative costs associated with the operation of the demonstration model must be itemized in the entity's operating budget.

b.  Purchase individual services in a timely manner.

c.  Review the completed client assessment information and complete additional assessments that are needed, including an assessment of the strengths of the child or adolescent and his or her family.

d.  Organize a child-family team to develop a single, unified services plan for the child or adolescent, in accordance with ss. 394.490-394.497. The team shall include the parents and other family members of the child or adolescent, friends and community-based supporters of the child or adolescent, and appropriate service providers who are familiar with the problems and needs of the child or adolescent and his or her family. The plan must include a statement concerning the strengths of the child or adolescent and his or her family, and must identify the natural supports in the family and the community that might be used in addressing the service needs of the child or adolescent. A copy of the completed service plan shall be provided to the parents of the child or adolescent.

e.  Identify a network of providers that meet the requirements of paragraph (b).

f.  Identify informal, unpaid supporters, such as persons from the child's or adolescent's neighborhood, civic organizations, clubs, and churches.

g.  Identify additional service providers who can work effectively with the child or adolescent and his or her family, including, but not limited to, a home health aide, mentor, respite care worker, and in-home behavioral health care worker.

h.  Implement a case management system that concentrates on the strengths of the child or adolescent and his or her family and uses these strengths in case planning and implementation activities. The case manager is primarily responsible for developing the services plan and shall report to the care management entity. The case manager shall monitor and oversee the services provided by the network of providers. The parents must be informed about contacting the care management entity or comparable entity to address concerns of the parents.

Each person or organization that performs any of the care management responsibilities specified in this subparagraph is responsible only to the care management entity. However, such care management responsibilities do not preclude the person or organization from performing other responsibilities for another agency or provider.

8.  Develop a mechanism for measuring compliance with the goals of the demonstration models specified in subsection (2), which mechanism includes qualitative and quantitative performance outcomes, report on compliance rates, and conduct quality improvement functions. At a minimum, the mechanism for measuring compliance must include the outcomes and measures established in the General Appropriations Act and the outcomes and measures that are unique to the demonstration models.

9.  Develop mechanisms to ensure that family representatives have a substantial role in planning the demonstration model and in designing the instrument for measuring the effectiveness of services provided.

10.  Develop and monitor grievance procedures.

11.  Develop policies to ensure that a child or adolescent is not rejected or ejected from the demonstration model because of a clinical condition or a specific service need.

12.  Develop policies to require that a participating state agency remains a part of the demonstration model for its entire duration.

13.  Obtain training for the staff involved in all aspects of the project.

(b)  In at least one demonstration model, rather than using a care management entity, the local consortium of purchasers may contract directly with a network of service providers that may use prospective payment mechanisms through which the providers would accept financial risk for producing outcomes for the target population. These demonstration models must provide an annual report to the purchasers who are participating in the demonstration model which specifies the types of services provided and the number of clients who receive each service.

(c)  In order for children, adolescents, and families of children and adolescents to receive timely and effective services, the basic provider network identified in each demonstration model must be well designed and managed. The provider network should be able to meet the needs of a significant proportion of the target population. The applicant must demonstrate the capability to manage the network of providers for the purchasers that participate in the demonstration model. The applicant must demonstrate its ability to perform the following network management functions:

1.  Identify providers within the designated area of the demonstration model which are currently funded by the state agencies included in the model, and identify additional providers that are needed to provide additional services for the target population. The network of providers may include:

a.  Licensed mental health professionals as defined in s. 394.455(2), (4), (21), (23), or (24);

b.  Professionals licensed under chapter 491;

c.  Teachers certified under s. 1012.56;

d.  Facilities licensed under chapter 395, as a hospital; s. 394.875, as a crisis stabilization unit or short-term residential facility; or s. 409.175, as a residential child-caring agency; and

e.  Other community agencies.

2.  Define access points and service linkages of providers in the network.

3.  Define the ways in which providers and participating state agencies are expected to collaborate in providing services.

4.  Define methods to measure the collective performance outcomes of services provided by providers and state agencies, measure the performance of individual agencies, and implement a quality improvement process across the provider network.

5.  Develop brochures for family members which are written in understandable terminology, to help families identify appropriate service providers, choose the provider, and access care directly whenever possible.

6.  Ensure that families are given a substantial role in planning and monitoring the provider network.

7.  Train all providers with respect to the principles of care outlined in this section, including effective techniques of cooperation, the wraparound process and strengths-based assessment, the development of service plans, and techniques of case management.

(d)  Each demonstration model must comply with the requirements for maintaining the confidentiality of clinical records, as specified in s. 394.4615.

(e)  Each application for designation as a Child and Adolescent Interagency System of Care Demonstration Model must include:

1.  A plan for reinvesting the anticipated cost savings that result from implementing the demonstration model in the child and adolescent mental health treatment and support system. The plan must detail the methodology used to identify cost savings and must specify the programs and services that will be enhanced for the population that has complex service needs and for other children and adolescents who have emotional disturbances.

2.  A plan describing the methods by which community agencies will share pertinent client information.

3.  A statement that the appropriate business, accounting, and auditing procedures will be followed, as specified by law, in expending federal, state, and local funds.

(f)  Each consortium of purchasers shall submit an annual report on the progress of the demonstration model to the secretary or director of each state agency that participates in the model. At a minimum, the report must include the level of participation of each purchaser, the purchasing strategies used, the services provided to the target population, identified cost savings, and any other information that concerns the implementation of or problems associated with the demonstration model.

(g)  Each participating local agency and the administrative officers of each participating state agency must participate in interagency collaboration. The secretary or director of each participating state agency shall appoint a representative to select applications that meet the criteria for designation as a Child and Adolescent Interagency System of Care Demonstration Model, as specified in this section. The appointed representatives shall also provide technical assistance to the consortia in developing applications and in implementing demonstration models.

(5)  EVALUATION.--The Louis de la Parte Florida Mental Health Institute shall conduct an independent evaluation of each demonstration model to identify more effective ways in which to serve the most complex cases of children and adolescents who have a serious emotional disturbance or mental illness, determine better utilization of public resources, and assess ways that community agencies may share pertinent client information. The institute shall identify each distinct demonstration model to be evaluated. The evaluation must analyze all administrative costs associated with operating the demonstration models. The institute shall report to the Legislature by December 31, 2001, which report must include findings and conclusions for each distinct demonstration model and provide recommendations for statewide implementation. Based upon the findings and conclusions of the evaluation, the financial strategies and the best-practice models that are proven to be effective shall be implemented statewide.

(6)  RULES FOR IMPLEMENTATION.--Each participating state agency shall adopt rules for implementing the demonstration models. These rules shall be developed in cooperation with other appropriate state agencies for implementation within 90 days after obtaining any necessary federal waivers. The Medicaid program within the Agency for Health Care Administration may obtain any federal waivers that are necessary for implementing the demonstration models.

History.--s. 9, ch. 98-5; s. 982, ch. 2002-387.

394.4985  Districtwide information and referral network; implementation.--

(1)  Each service district of the Department of Children and Family Services shall develop a detailed implementation plan for a districtwide comprehensive child and adolescent mental health information and referral network to be operational by July 1, 1999. The plan must include an operating budget that demonstrates cost efficiencies and identifies funding sources for the district information and referral network. The plan must be submitted by the department to the Legislature by October 1, 1998. The district shall use existing district information and referral providers if, in the development of the plan, it is concluded that these providers would deliver information and referral services in a more efficient and effective manner when compared to other alternatives. The district information and referral network must include:

(a)  A resource file that contains information about the child and adolescent mental health services as described in s. 394.495, including, but not limited to:

1.  Type of program;

2.  Hours of service;

3.  Ages of persons served;

4.  Program description;

5.  Eligibility requirements; and

6.  Fees.

(b)  Information about private providers and professionals in the community which serve children and adolescents with an emotional disturbance.

(c)  A system to document requests for services that are received through the network referral process, including, but not limited to:

1.  Number of calls by type of service requested;

2.  Ages of the children and adolescents for whom services are requested; and

3.  Type of referral made by the network.

(d)  The ability to share client information with the appropriate community agencies.

(e)  The submission of an annual report to the department, the Agency for Health Care Administration, and appropriate local government entities, which contains information about the sources and frequency of requests for information, types and frequency of services requested, and types and frequency of referrals made.

(2)  In planning the information and referral network, the district shall consider the establishment of a 24-hour toll-free telephone number, staffed at all times, for parents and other persons to call for information that concerns child and adolescent mental health services and a community public service campaign to inform the public about information and referral services.

History.--s. 10, ch. 98-5.

394.499  Integrated children's crisis stabilization unit/juvenile addictions receiving facility services.--

(1)  Beginning July 1, 2001, the Department of Children and Family Services, in consultation with the Agency for Health Care Administration, is authorized to establish children's behavioral crisis unit demonstration models in Collier, Lee, and Sarasota Counties. By December 31, 2003, the department shall submit to the President of the Senate, the Speaker of the House of Representatives, and the chairs of the Senate and House committees that oversee departmental activities a report that evaluates the number of clients served, quality of services, performance outcomes, and feasibility of continuing or expanding the demonstration models. Beginning July 1, 2004, subject to approval by the Legislature, the department, in cooperation with the agency, may expand the demonstration models to other areas in the state. The children's behavioral crisis unit demonstration models will integrate children's mental health crisis stabilization units with substance abuse juvenile addictions receiving facility services, to provide emergency mental health and substance abuse services that are integrated within facilities licensed and designated by the agency for children under 18 years of age who meet criteria for admission or examination under this section. The services shall be designated as "integrated children's crisis stabilization unit/juvenile addictions receiving facility services," shall be licensed by the agency as children's crisis stabilization units, and shall meet all licensure requirements for crisis stabilization units. The department, in cooperation with the agency, shall develop standards that address eligibility criteria; clinical procedures; staffing requirements; operational, administrative, and financing requirements; and investigation of complaints for such integrated facility services. Standards that are implemented specific to substance abuse services shall meet or exceed existing standards for addictions receiving facilities.

(2)  Children eligible to receive integrated children's crisis stabilization unit/juvenile addictions receiving facility services include:

(a)  A person under 18 years of age for whom voluntary application is made by his or her guardian, if such person is found to show evidence of mental illness and to be suitable for treatment pursuant to s. 394.4625. A person under 18 years of age may be admitted for integrated facility services only after a hearing to verify that the consent to admission is voluntary.

(b)  A person under 18 years of age who may be taken to a receiving facility for involuntary examination, if there is reason to believe that he or she is mentally ill and because of his or her mental illness, pursuant to s. 394.463:

1.  Has refused voluntary examination after conscientious explanation and disclosure of the purpose of the examination; or

2.  Is unable to determine for himself or herself whether examination is necessary; and

a.  Without care or treatment is likely to suffer from neglect or refuse to care for himself or herself; such neglect or refusal poses a real and present threat of substantial harm to his or her well-being; and it is not apparent that such harm may be avoided through the help of willing family members or friends or the provision of other services; or

b.  There is a substantial likelihood that without care or treatment he or she will cause serious bodily harm to himself or herself or others in the near future, as evidenced by recent behavior.

(c)  A person under 18 years of age who wishes to enter treatment for substance abuse and applies to a service provider for voluntary admission, pursuant to s. 397.601.

(d)  A person under 18 years of age who meets the criteria for involuntary admission because there is good faith reason to believe the person is substance abuse impaired pursuant to s. 397.675 and, because of such impairment:

1.  Has lost the power of self-control with respect to substance use; and

2.a.  Has inflicted, or threatened or attempted to inflict, or unless admitted is likely to inflict, physical harm on himself or herself or another; or

b.  Is in need of substance abuse services and, by reason of substance abuse impairment, his or her judgment has been so impaired that the person is incapable of appreciating his or her need for such services and of making a rational decision in regard thereto; however, mere refusal to receive such services does not constitute evidence of lack of judgment with respect to his or her need for such services.

(e)  A person under 18 years of age who meets the criteria for examination or admission under paragraph (b) or paragraph (d) and has a coexisting mental health and substance abuse disorder.

(3)  The department shall contract for an independent evaluation of the children's behavioral crisis unit demonstration models to identify the most effective ways to provide integrated crisis stabilization unit/juvenile addiction receiving facility services to children. The evaluation shall be reported to the Legislature by December 31, 2003.

(4)  The department, in cooperation with the agency, is authorized to adopt rules regarding standards and procedures for integrated children's crisis stabilization unit/juvenile addictions receiving facility services.

History.--s. 6, ch. 2001-171; s. 1, ch. 2001-191.

394.4995  Conversion of specified facilities to children's behavioral crisis units; not required.--Nothing in ¹s. 394.499 shall be construed to require an existing crisis stabilization unit or juvenile addictions receiving facility to convert to a children's behavioral crisis unit.

History.--s. 7, ch. 2001-171; s. 2, ch. 2001-191.

¹Note.--As enacted by s. 2, ch. 2001-191. Section 394.4995 was also enacted by s. 7, ch. 2001-171, and that version references "this act" instead of specifying s. 394.499.

394.65  Short title.

394.655  The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Corporation; powers and duties; composition; evaluation and reporting requirements.

394.66  Legislative intent with respect to substance abuse and mental health services.

394.67  Definitions.

394.674  Clinical eligibility for publicly funded substance abuse and mental health services; fee collection requirements.

394.675  Substance abuse and mental health service system.

394.676  Indigent psychiatric medication program.

394.73  Joint alcohol, drug abuse, and mental health service programs in two or more counties.

394.74  Contracts for provision of local substance abuse and mental health programs.

394.741  Accreditation requirements for providers of behavioral health care services.

394.745  Annual report; compliance of providers under contract with department.

394.75  State and district substance abuse and mental health plans.

394.76  Financing of district programs and services.

394.77  Uniform management information, accounting, and reporting systems for providers.

394.78  Operation and administration; personnel standards; procedures for audit and monitoring of service providers; resolution of disputes.

394.80  Authorization to appropriate funds.

394.82  Funding of expanded services.

394.875  Crisis stabilization units, residential treatment facilities, and residential treatment centers for children and adolescents; authorized services; license required; penalties.

394.876  Applications.

394.877  Fees.

394.878  Issuance and renewal of licenses.

394.879  Rules; enforcement.

394.90  Inspection; right of entry; records.

394.902  Denial, suspension, and revocation; other remedies.

394.903  Receivership proceedings.

394.904  Health Care Trust Fund.

394.907  Community mental health centers; quality assurance programs.

394.908  Substance abuse and mental health funding equity; distribution of appropriations.

394.9081  Target groups.

394.9082  Behavioral health service delivery strategies.

394.9083  Behavioral Health Services Integration Workgroup.

394.9084  Florida Self-Directed Care.

394.65  Short title.--This part may be cited as "The Community Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Act."

History.--s. 1, ch. 70-109; s. 10, ch. 84-285; s. 4, ch. 2000-349.

¹394.655  The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Corporation; powers and duties; composition; evaluation and reporting requirements.--

(1)  It is the intent of the Legislature to provide substance abuse and mental health services that are coordinated and consistent throughout the state, that reflect the current state of knowledge regarding quality and effectiveness, and that are responsive to service recipients and the needs of communities in this state. In order to accomplish this intent, there is created a not-for-profit corporation, to be known as the "Florida Substance Abuse and Mental Health Corporation, Inc.," which shall be registered, incorporated, organized, and operated in compliance with chapter 617 and which shall not be a unit or entity of state government. The Florida Substance Abuse and Mental Health Corporation, hereafter referred to as "the corporation," shall be administratively housed within the Department of Children and Family Services. Though the corporation is not subject to the control of the department, the corporation shall work collaboratively with the department to improve the state's mental health and substance abuse systems. As used in this section, "the department" means the Department of Children and Family Services.

(2)  The Legislature finds that public policy and the State Constitution require that the corporation and any committees it forms be subject to the provisions of chapter 119 relating to public records and the provisions of chapter 286 relating to public meetings.

(3)(a)  The Florida Substance Abuse and Mental Health Corporation shall be responsible for oversight of the publicly funded substance abuse and mental health systems and for making policy and resources recommendations which will improve the coordination, quality, and efficiency of the system. Subject to and consistent with direction set by the Legislature, the corporation shall exercise the following responsibilities:

1.  Review and assess the collection and analysis of needs assessment data as described in s. 394.82.

2.  Review and assess the status of the publicly funded mental health and substance abuse systems and recommend policy designed to improve coordination and effectiveness.

3.  Provide mechanisms for substance abuse and mental health stakeholders, including consumers, family members, providers, and advocates to provide input concerning the management of the overall system.

4.  Recommend priorities for service expansion.

5.  Prepare budget recommendations to be submitted to the appropriate departments for consideration in the development of their legislative budget requests and provide copies to the Governor, the President of the Senate, and the Speaker of the House of Representatives for their consideration.

6.  Review data regarding the performance of the publicly funded substance abuse and mental health systems.

7.  Make recommendations concerning strategies for improving the performance of the systems.

8.  Review, assess, and forecast substance abuse and mental health manpower needs and work with the department and the educational system to establish policies, consistent with the direction of the Legislature, which will ensure that the state has the personnel it needs to continuously implement and improve its services.

(b)  The corporation shall work with the department and the Agency for Health Care Administration to assure, to the maximum extent possible, that Medicaid and department-funded services are delivered in a coordinated manner, using common service definitions, standards, and accountability mechanisms.

(c)  The corporation shall also work with other agencies of state government which provide, purchase, or fund substance abuse and mental health programs and services in order to work toward fully developed and integrated, when appropriate, substance abuse and mental health systems that reflect current knowledge regarding efficacy and efficiency and use best practices identified within this state or other states.

(d)  The corporation shall develop memoranda of understanding that describe how it will coordinate with other programmatic areas within the department and with other state agencies that deliver or purchase substance abuse or mental health services.

(4)  Unless otherwise prohibited by state or federal law, and pursuant to the agreement provided in the contract required in subsection (5), the department shall provide information requested by the corporation in a reasonable manner that allows for timely review by the corporation for items as set forth in subsection (3) and specified in the contract provided for in subsection (5).

(5)  The corporation and the department must enter into a memorandum of understanding that specifies how the department will consider and respond to the recommendations of the corporation and describes how the department will respond to the corporation's requests for documents, reports, and proposals needed by the corporation in order for it to carry out its responsibilities as described in paragraph (3)(a).

(6)(a)  The corporation shall be comprised of 12 members, each appointed to a 2-year term, with not more than three subsequent reappointments, except that initial legislative appointments shall be for 3-year terms. Four members shall be appointed by the Governor, four members shall be appointed by the President of the Senate, and four members shall be appointed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives.

1.  The four members appointed by the Governor must be prominent community or business leaders, two of whom must have experience and interest in substance abuse and two of whom must have experience and interest in mental health.

2.  Of the four members appointed by the President of the Senate, one member must represent the perspective of community-based care under chapter 409, one member must be a former client or family member of a client of a publicly funded mental health program, and two members must be prominent community or business leaders, one of whom must have experience and interest in substance abuse and one of whom must have experience and interest in mental health.

3.  Of the four members appointed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives, one member must be a former client or family member of a client of a publicly funded substance abuse program, one member must represent the perspective of the criminal justice system, and two members must be prominent community or business leaders, one of whom must have experience and interest in substance abuse and one of whom must have experience and interest in mental health. The Secretary of Children and Family Services, or his or her designee, the Secretary of Health Care Administration, or his or her designee, and a representative of local government designated by the Florida Association of Counties shall serve as ex officio members of the corporation.

(b)  The corporation shall be chaired by a member designated by the Governor who may not be a public sector employee.

(c)  Persons who derive their income from resources controlled by the Department of Children and Family Services or the Agency for Health Care Administration may not be members of the corporation.

(d)  The Governor, the President of the Senate, and the Speaker of the House of Representatives shall make their respective appointments within 60 days after the effective date of this act.

(e)  A member of the corporation may be removed by the appointing party for cause. Absence from three consecutive meetings shall result in automatic removal. The chairperson of the corporation shall notify the appointing party of such absences.

(f)  The corporation shall develop bylaws that describe how it will conduct its work.

(g)  The corporation shall meet at least quarterly and at other times upon the call of its chair. Corporation meetings may be held via teleconference or other electronic means.

(h)  A majority of the total current membership of the corporation constitutes a quorum of the corporation. The corporation may only meet and take action when a quorum is present.

(i)  Within resources appropriated by the Legislature and other funds available to the corporation, the chairperson of the corporation may appoint advisory committees to address and advise the corporation on particular issues within its scope of responsibility. Members of advisory committees are not subject to the prohibition in paragraph (c).

(j)  Members of the corporation and its committees shall serve without compensation but are entitled to reimbursement for travel and per diem expenses pursuant to s. 112.061.

(k)  Each member of the corporation who is not otherwise required to file a financial disclosure statement pursuant to s. 8, Art. II of the State Constitution or s. 112.3144 must file disclosure of financial interests pursuant to s. 112.3145.

(7)  Funds for the corporation shall be appropriated in a special category. The corporation may purchase expert consultation and staff support services necessary to perform its duties from funds appropriated to the department for this purpose. In addition, within resources appropriated to the department for the corporation, the corporation may appoint one employee who shall serve as the liaison between the corporation, the state agencies and organizations with which the corporation contracts or enters into memoranda of agreement. This employee shall be appointed by and serve at the pleasure of the corporation and is an employee of the corporation, not of the state. Provision of other staff support required by the corporation shall be provided by the department as negotiated in the contract developed pursuant to subsection (5).

(8)  The corporation must develop a budget request for its operation and must submit the request to the Governor and the Legislature pursuant to chapter 216 through the secretary of the department.

(9)  The corporation shall provide for an annual financial audit of its financial accounts and records by an independent certified public accountant. The annual audit report shall include a management letter in accordance with s. 11.45 and a detailed supplemental schedule of expenditures for each expenditure category. The annual audit report must be submitted to the Governor, the department, and the Auditor General for review.

(10)  The corporation must annually evaluate and, in December of each year, report to the Legislature and the Governor on the status of the state's publicly funded substance abuse and mental health systems. The corporation's first report must be submitted in December 2004. Each public sector agency that delivers, or contracts for the provision of, substance abuse or mental health services must cooperate with the corporation in the development of this annual evaluation and report. As part of the annual report, the corporation and department shall each certify as to whether the corporation and the department are complying with the terms of the contract required in subsection (5) in a manner that is consistent with the goals and purposes of the corporation and in the best interest of the state.

(11)  This section expires on October 1, 2006, unless reviewed and reenacted by the Legislature before that date.

History.--s. 2, ch. 2003-279.

¹Note.--Section 4, ch. 2003-279, provides that:

"By February 1, 2006, the Office of Program Policy Analysis and Government Accountability and the Auditor General shall jointly conduct an evaluation of the state's substance abuse and mental health systems and its management. The evaluation shall, at a minimum, address the extent to which the corporation has carried out its responsibilities as described in section 394.655(3)(a), Florida Statutes, the degree to which the department and other affected state agencies have cooperated with the corporation as directed in section 394.655, Florida Statutes, and the impact the organizational changes described in sections 20.19(2)(c) and 394.655, Florida Statutes, as created by this act have had on the substance abuse and mental health systems in the following areas:

"1.  The coordination of services delivered or paid for by the various departments involved in delivering or purchasing state funded mental health or substance abuse services.

"2.  The efficiency of service delivery to clients for whom the responsibility for care moves from one department of state government to another.

"3.  The overall quality of publicly funded substance abuse and mental health services and its consistency across departments.

"4.  The use of common evidence-based standards.

"5.  The collection and analysis of common information which describes the services delivered and outcomes achieved for individuals receiving state funded mental health and substance abuse services.

"6.  The satisfaction of service recipients and of Florida's communities with the state funded mental health and substance abuse service delivery system. The evaluation shall commence with the initial operation of the corporation. An initial report and a final report of the evaluation must be submitted to the Governor, President of the Senate, and Speaker of the House of Representatives by February 1, 2005 and 2006, respectively. The final report must include recommendations concerning the future of the corporation and the structure of the state's mental health and substance abuse authority and their placement."

394.66  Legislative intent with respect to substance abuse and mental health services.--It is the intent of the Legislature to:

(1)  Recognize that mental illness and substance abuse impairment are diseases that are responsive to medical and psychological interventions and management that integrate treatment, rehabilitative, and support services to achieve quality and cost-efficient outcomes for clients and for community-based treatment systems.

(2)  Promote and improve the mental health of the citizens of the state by making substance abuse and mental health treatment and support services available to those persons who are most in need and least able to pay, through a community-based system of care.

(3)  Involve local citizens in the planning of substance abuse and mental health services in their communities.

(4)  Ensure that the department and the Agency for Health Care Administration work cooperatively in planning and designing comprehensive community-based substance abuse and mental health programs that focus on the individual needs of clients.

(5)  Ensure that all activities of the Department of Children and Family Services and the Agency for Health Care Administration, and their respective contract providers, involved in the delivery of substance abuse and mental health treatment and prevention services are coordinated and integrated with other local systems and groups, public and private, such as juvenile justice, criminal justice, child protection, and public health organizations; school districts; and local groups or organizations that focus on services to older adults.

(6)  Provide access to crisis services to all residents of the state with priority of attention being given to individuals exhibiting symptoms of acute mental illness or substance abuse.

(7)  Ensure that services provided to persons with co-occurring mental illness and substance abuse problems be integrated across treatment systems.

(8)  Ensure continuity of care, consistent with minimum standards, for persons who are released from a state treatment facility into the community.

(9)  Provide accountability for service provision through statewide standards for treatment and support services, and statewide standards for management, monitoring, and reporting of information.

(10)  Include substance abuse and mental health services as a component of the integrated service delivery system of the Department of Children and Family Services.

(11)  Ensure that the districts of the department are the focal point of all substance abuse and mental health planning activities, including budget submissions, grant applications, contracts, and other arrangements that can be effected at the district level.

(12)  Organize and finance community substance abuse and mental health services in local communities throughout the state through locally administered service delivery programs that are based on client outcomes, are programmatically effective, and are financially efficient, and that maximize the involvement of local citizens.

(13)  Promote best practices and the highest quality of care in contracted alcohol, drug abuse, and mental health services through achievement of national accreditation.

(14)  Ensure that the state agencies licensing and monitoring contracted providers perform in the most cost-efficient and effective manner with limited duplication and disruption to organizations providing services.

History.--s. 2, ch. 70-109; s. 30, ch. 75-48; s. 1, ch. 76-221; s. 11, ch. 84-285; s. 101, ch. 99-8; s. 1, ch. 99-396; s. 5, ch. 2000-349; s. 1, ch. 2001-171; s. 3, ch. 2001-191.

394.67  Definitions.--As used in this part, the term:

(1)  "Agency" means the Agency for Health Care Administration.

(2)  "Applicant" means an individual applicant, or any officer, director, agent, managing employee, or affiliated person, or any partner or shareholder having an ownership interest equal to a 5-percent or greater interest in the corporation, partnership, or other business entity.

(3)  "Client" means any individual receiving services in any substance abuse or mental health facility, program, or service, which facility, program, or service is operated, funded, or regulated by the agency and the department or regulated by the agency.

(4)  "Crisis services" means short-term evaluation, stabilization, and brief intervention services provided to a person who is experiencing an acute mental or emotional crisis, as defined in subsection (18), or an acute substance abuse crisis, as defined in subsection (19), to prevent further deterioration of the person's mental health. Crisis services are provided in settings such as a crisis stabilization unit, an inpatient unit, a short-term residential treatment program, a detoxification facility, or an addictions receiving facility; at the site of the crisis by a mobile crisis response team; or at a hospital on an outpatient basis.

(5)  "Crisis stabilization unit" means a program that provides an alternative to inpatient hospitalization and that provides brief, intensive services 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, for mentally ill individuals who are in an acutely disturbed state.

(6)  "Department" means the Department of Children and Family Services.

(7)  "Director" means any member of the official board of directors reported in the organization's annual corporate report to the Florida Department of State, or, if no such report is made, any member of the operating board of directors. The term excludes members of separate, restricted boards that serve only in an advisory capacity to the operating board.

(8)  "District administrator" means the person appointed by the Secretary of Children and Family Services for the purpose of administering a department service district as set forth in s. 20.19.

(9)  "District plan" or "plan" means the combined district substance abuse and mental health plan approved by the district administrator and governing bodies in accordance with this part.

(10)  "Federal funds" means funds from federal sources for substance abuse or mental health facilities and programs, exclusive of federal funds that are deemed eligible by the Federal Government, and are eligible through state regulation, for matching purposes.

(11)  "Governing body" means the chief legislative body of a county, a board of county commissioners, or boards of county commissioners in counties acting jointly, or their counterparts in a charter government.

(12)  ¹"Health and human services board" or "board" means the board within a district or subdistrict of the department which is established in accordance with s. 20.19 and designated in this part for the purpose of assessing the substance abuse and mental health needs of the community and developing a plan to address those needs.

(13)  "Licensed facility" means a facility licensed in accordance with this chapter.

(14)  "Local matching funds" means funds received from governing bodies of local government, including city commissions, county commissions, district school boards, special tax districts, private hospital funds, private gifts, both individual and corporate, and bequests and funds received from community drives or any other sources.

(15)  "Managing employee" means the administrator or other similarly titled individual who is responsible for the daily operation of the facility.

(16)  "Mental health services" means those therapeutic interventions and activities that help to eliminate, reduce, or manage symptoms or distress for persons who have severe emotional distress or a mental illness and to effectively manage the disability that often accompanies a mental illness so that the person can recover from the mental illness, become appropriately self-sufficient for his or her age, and live in a stable family or in the community. The term also includes those preventive interventions and activities that reduce the risk for or delay the onset of mental disorders. The term includes the following types of services:

(a)  Treatment services, such as psychiatric medications and supportive psychotherapies, which are intended to reduce or ameliorate the symptoms of severe distress or mental illness.

(b)  Rehabilitative services, which are intended to reduce or eliminate the disability that is associated with mental illness. Rehabilitative services may include assessment of personal goals and strengths, readiness preparation, specific skill training, and assistance in designing environments that enable individuals to maximize their functioning and community participation.

(c)  Support services, which include services that assist individuals in living successfully in environments of their choice. Such services may include income supports, social supports, housing supports, vocational supports, or accommodations related to the symptoms or disabilities associated with mental illness.

(d)  Case management services, which are intended to assist individuals in obtaining the formal and informal resources that they need to successfully cope with the consequences of their illness. Resources may include treatment or rehabilitative or supportive interventions by both formal and informal providers. Case management may include an assessment of client needs; intervention planning with the client, his or her family, and service providers; linking the client to needed services; monitoring service delivery; evaluating the effect of services and supports; and advocating on behalf of the client.

Mental health services may be delivered in a variety of settings, such as inpatient, residential, partial hospital, day treatment, outpatient, club house, or a drop-in or self-help center, as well as in other community settings, such as the client's residence or workplace. The types and intensity of services provided shall be based on the client's clinical status and goals, community resources, and preferences. Services such as assertive community treatment involve all four types of services which are delivered by a multidisciplinary treatment team that is responsible for identified individuals who have a serious mental illness.

(17)  "Patient fees" means compensation received by a community substance abuse or mental health facility for services rendered to a specific client from any source of funds, including city, county, state, federal, and private sources.

(18)  "Person who is experiencing an acute mental or emotional crisis" means a child, adolescent, or adult who is experiencing a psychotic episode or a high level of mental or emotional distress which may be precipitated by a traumatic event or a perceived life problem for which the individual's typical coping strategies are inadequate. The term includes an individual who meets the criteria for involuntary examination specified in s. 394.463(1).

(19)  "Person who is experiencing an acute substance abuse crisis" means a child, adolescent, or adult who is experiencing a medical or emotional crisis because of the use of alcoholic beverages or any psychoactive or mood-altering substance. The term includes an individual who meets the criteria for involuntary admission specified in s. 397.675.

(20)  "Premises" means those buildings, beds, and facilities located at the main address of the licensee and all other buildings, beds, and facilities for the provision of acute or residential care which are located in such reasonable proximity to the main address of the licensee as to appear to the public to be under the dominion and control of the licensee.

(21)  "Program office" means the Mental Health Program Office of the Department of Children and Family Services.

(22)  "Residential treatment center for children and adolescents" means a 24-hour residential program, including a therapeutic group home, which provides mental health services to emotionally disturbed children or adolescents as defined in s. 394.492(5) or (6) and which is a private for-profit or not-for-profit corporation under contract with the department which offers a variety of treatment modalities in a more restrictive setting.

(23)  "Residential treatment facility" means a facility providing residential care and treatment to individuals exhibiting symptoms of mental illness who are in need of a 24-hour-per-day, 7-day-a-week structured living environment, respite care, or long-term community placement.

(24)  "Sliding fee scale" means a schedule of fees for identified services delivered by a service provider which are based on a uniform schedule of discounts deducted from the service provider's usual and customary charges. These charges must be consistent with the prevailing market rates in the community for comparable services.

(25)  "Substance abuse services" means services designed to prevent or remediate the consequences of substance abuse, improve an individual's quality of life and self-sufficiency, and support long-term recovery. The term includes the following service categories:

(a)  Prevention services, which include information dissemination; education regarding the consequences of substance abuse; alternative drug-free activities; problem identification; referral of persons to appropriate prevention programs; community-based programs that involve members of local communities in prevention activities; and environmental strategies to review, change, and enforce laws that control the availability of controlled and illegal substances.

(b)  Assessment services, which include the evaluation of individuals and families in order to identify their strengths and determine their required level of care, motivation, and need for treatment and ancillary services.

(c)  Intervention services, which include early identification, short-term counseling and referral, and outreach.

(d)  Rehabilitation services, which include residential, outpatient, day or night, case management, in-home, psychiatric, and medical treatment, and methadone or medication management.

(e)  Ancillary services, which include self-help and other support groups and activities; aftercare provided in a structured, therapeutic environment; supported housing; supported employment; vocational services; and educational services.

History.--s. 3, ch. 70-109; s. 2, ch. 76-221; s. 132, ch. 77-104; s. 7, ch. 81-290; s. 2, ch. 82-223; s. 12, ch. 84-285; s. 1, ch. 85-167; s. 12, ch. 86-220; s. 11, ch. 92-58; s. 12, ch. 93-200; s. 26, ch. 98-171; s. 50, ch. 2000-139; s. 3, ch. 2000-265; ss. 6, 153, ch. 2000-349.

¹Note.--Health and Human Services Boards were abolished by s. 2, ch. 2000-139, which substantially reworded s. 20.19.

394.674  Clinical eligibility for publicly funded substance abuse and mental health services; fee collection requirements.--

(1)  To be eligible to receive substance abuse and mental health services funded by the department, a person must be a member of one of the department's target groups approved by the Legislature, pursuant to ¹s. 216.0166.

(2)  Crisis services, as defined in s. 394.67, must, within the limitations of available state and local matching resources, be available to each person who is eligible for services under subsection (1), regardless of the person's ability to pay for such services. A person who is experiencing a mental health crisis and who does not meet the criteria for involuntary examination under s. 394.463(1), or a person who is experiencing a substance abuse crisis and who does not meet the involuntary admission criteria in s. 397.675, must contribute to the cost of his or her care and treatment pursuant to the sliding fee scale developed under subsection (4), unless charging a fee is contraindicated because of the crisis situation.

(3)  Mental health services, substance abuse services, and crisis services, as defined in s. 394.67, must, within the limitations of available state and local matching resources, be available to each person who is eligible for services under subsection (1). Such person must contribute to the cost of his or her care and treatment pursuant to the sliding fee scale developed under subsection (4).

(4)  The department shall adopt rules to implement the clinical eligibility and fee collection requirements for publicly funded substance abuse and mental health services. The rules must require that each provider under contract with the department develop a sliding fee scale for persons who have a net family income at or above 150 percent of the Federal Poverty Income Guidelines, unless otherwise required by state or federal law. The sliding fee scale must use the uniform schedule of discounts by which a provider under contract with the department discounts its established client charges for services supported with state, federal, or local funds, using, at a minimum, factors such as family income, financial assets, and family size as declared by the person or the person's guardian. The rules must include uniform criteria to be used by all service providers in developing the schedule of discounts for the sliding fee scale. The rules must address the most expensive types of treatment, such as residential and inpatient treatment, in order to make it possible for a client to responsibly contribute to his or her mental health or substance abuse care without jeopardizing the family's financial stability. A person who is not eligible for Medicaid and whose net family income is less than 150 percent of the Federal Poverty Income Guidelines must pay a portion of his or her treatment costs which is comparable to the copayment amount required by the Medicaid program for Medicaid clients pursuant to s. 409.9081. The rules must require that persons who receive financial assistance from the Federal Government because of a disability and are in long-term residential treatment settings contribute to their board and care costs and treatment costs and must be consistent with the provisions in s. 409.212.

(5)  A person who meets the eligibility criteria in subsection (1) shall be served in accordance with the appropriate district substance abuse and mental health services plan specified in s. 394.75 and within available resources.

History.--s. 7, ch. 2000-349.

¹Note.--Repealed by s. 61, ch. 2000-371.

394.675  Substance abuse and mental health service system.--

(1)  A community-based system of comprehensive substance abuse and mental health services shall be established and shall include:

(a)  Crisis services.

(b)  Substance abuse services.

(c)  Mental health services.

(2)  Notwithstanding the provisions of this part, funds that are provided through state and federal sources for specific services or for specific populations shall be used for those purposes.

History.--s. 13, ch. 84-285; s. 8, ch. 2000-349.

394.676  Indigent psychiatric medication program.--

(1)  Within legislative appropriations, the department may establish the indigent psychiatric medication program to purchase psychiatric medications for persons as defined in s. 394.492(5) or (6) or pursuant to s. 394.674(1), who do not reside in a state mental health treatment facility or an inpatient unit.

(2)  The department must adopt rules to administer the indigent psychiatric medication program. The rules must prescribe the clinical and financial eligibility of clients who may receive services under the indigent psychiatric medication program, the requirements that community-based mental health providers must meet to participate in the program, and the sanctions to be applied for failure to meet those requirements.

(3)  To the extent possible within existing appropriations, the department must ensure that non-Medicaid-eligible indigent individuals discharged from mental health treatment facilities continue to receive the medications which effectively stabilized their mental illness in the treatment facility, or newer medications, without substitution by a service provider unless such substitution is clinically indicated as determined by the licensed physician responsible for such individual's psychiatric care.

History.--s. 9, ch. 2000-349.

394.73  Joint alcohol, drug abuse, and mental health service programs in two or more counties.--

(1)  Subject to rules established by the department, any county within a service district shall have the same power to contract for alcohol, drug abuse, and mental health services as the department has under existing statutes.

(2)  In order to carry out the intent of this part and to provide alcohol, drug abuse, and mental health services in accordance with the district plan, the counties within a service district may enter into agreements with each other for the establishment of joint service programs. The agreements may provide for the joint provision or operation of services and facilities or for the provision or operation of services and facilities by one participating county under contract with other participating counties.

(3)  When a service district comprises two or more counties or portions thereof, it is the obligation of the planning council to submit to the governing bodies, prior to the budget submission date of each governing body, an estimate of the proportionate share of costs of alcohol, drug abuse, and mental health services proposed to be borne by each such governing body.

(4)  Any county desiring to withdraw from a joint program may submit to the district administrator a resolution requesting withdrawal therefrom together with a plan for the equitable adjustment and division of the assets, property, debts, and obligations, if any, of the joint program.

History.--s. 9, ch. 70-109; s. 1, ch. 70-439; s. 8, ch. 76-221; s. 15, ch. 84-285.

394.74  Contracts for provision of local substance abuse and mental health programs.--

(1)  The department, when funds are available for such purposes, is authorized to contract for the establishment and operation of local substance abuse and mental health programs with any hospital, clinic, laboratory, institution, or other appropriate service provider.

(2)(a)  Contracts for service shall be consistent with the approved district plan.

(b)  Notwithstanding s. 394.76(3)(a) and (c), the department may use unit cost methods of payment in contracts for purchasing mental health and substance abuse services. The unit cost contracting system must account for those patient fees that are paid on behalf of a specific client and those that are earned and used by the provider for those services funded in whole or in part by the department. The department may also use a fee-for-service arrangement, case rates, or a capitation arrangement in order to account for those services. The department is authorized to implement through administrative rule fee-for-service, prepaid case rate, and prepaid capitation contract methodologies to purchase mental health and substance abuse services. Fee-for-service, prepaid case rate, or prepaid capitation mechanisms shall not be implemented statewide without the elimination of the unit cost method of payment. Notwithstanding the provisions of s. 394.76(3), the department may adopt administrative rules that account for local match in a manner that is consistent with fee-for-service, prepaid case rate, and prepaid capitated payment methodologies. Such provisions may not result in a change of the ratio of state to local matching resources or in the sources of local matching funds and may not increase the amount of required local matching funds. It is the intent of the Legislature that the provisions to account for local match be consistent with the financial principles adopted for the payment of state funds.

(c)  The department may reimburse actual expenditures for startup contracts and fixed capital outlay contracts in accordance with contract specifications.

(3)  Contracts shall include, but are not limited to:

(a)  A provision that, within the limits of available resources, substance abuse and mental health crisis services, as defined in s. 394.67(4), shall be available to any individual residing or employed within the service area, regardless of ability to pay for such services, current or past health condition, or any other factor;

(b)  A provision that such services be available with priority of attention being given to individuals who exhibit symptoms of chronic or acute substance abuse or mental illness and who are unable to pay the cost of receiving such services;

(c)  A provision that every reasonable effort to collect appropriate reimbursement for the cost of providing substance abuse and mental health services to persons able to pay for services, including first-party payments and third-party payments, shall be made by facilities providing services pursuant to this act;

(d)  A program description and line-item operating budget by program service component for substance abuse and mental health services, provided the entire proposed operating budget for the service provider will be displayed;

(e)  A provision that client demographic, service, and outcome information required for the department's Mental Health and Substance Abuse Data System be submitted to the department by a date specified in the contract. The department may not pay the provider unless the required information has been submitted by the specified date; and

(f)  A requirement that the contractor must conform to department rules and the priorities established thereunder.

(4)  The department shall develop standard contract forms for use between the district administrator and community substance abuse and mental health service providers.

(5)  This part does not prevent any municipality or county, or combination of municipalities and counties, from owning, financing, and operating a substance abuse or mental health program by entering into an arrangement with the district to provide, and be reimbursed for, services provided as part of the district plan.

(6)  The department may use a fee-for-service arrangement, case rates, or capitation in order to account for mental health and substance abuse services.

History.--s. 10, ch. 70-109; s. 9, ch. 76-221; s. 3, ch. 82-223; s. 32, ch. 83-216; s. 16, ch. 84-285; s. 2, ch. 99-396; s. 10, ch. 2000-349; s. 2, ch. 2002-397; s. 3, ch. 2003-57; s. 1, ch. 2003-279.

394.741  Accreditation requirements for providers of behavioral health care services.--

(1)  As used in this section, the term "behavioral health care services" means mental health and substance abuse treatment services.

(2)  Notwithstanding any provision of law to the contrary, accreditation shall be accepted by the agency and department in lieu of the agency's and department's facility licensure onsite review requirements and shall be accepted as a substitute for the department's administrative and program monitoring requirements, except as required by subsections (3) and (4), for:

(a)  Any organization from which the department purchases behavioral health care services that is accredited by the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations or the Council on Accreditation for Children and Family Services, or has those services that are being purchased by the department accredited by CARF--the Rehabilitation Accreditation Commission.

(b)  Any mental health facility licensed by the agency or any substance abuse component licensed by the department that is accredited by the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations, CARF--the Rehabilitation Accreditation Commission, or the Council on Accreditation of Children and Family Services.

(c)  Any network of providers from which the department or the agency purchases behavioral health care services accredited by the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations, CARF--the Rehabilitation Accreditation Commission, the Council on Accreditation of Children and Family Services, or the National Committee for Quality Assurance. A provider organization, which is part of an accredited network, is afforded the same rights under this part.

(3)  For organizations accredited as set forth in subsection (2), before the department or the agency conducts additional monitoring for mental health services, the department and the agency must adopt rules that establish:

(a)  Additional standards for monitoring and licensing accredited programs and facilities that the department and the agency have determined are not specifically and distinctly covered by the accreditation standards and processes. These standards and the associated monitoring must not duplicate the standards and processes already covered by the accrediting bodies.

(b)  An onsite monitoring process between 24 months and 36 months after accreditation for nonresidential facilities to assure that accredited organizations exempt from licensing and monitoring activities under this part continue to comply with critical standards.

(c)  An onsite monitoring process between 12 months and 24 months after accreditation for residential facilities to assure that accredited organizations exempt from licensing and monitoring activities under this part continue to comply with critical standards.

(4)  For substance abuse services, the department shall conduct full licensure inspections every 3 years and shall develop in rule criteria which would justify more frequent inspections.

(5)  The department and the agency shall be given access to all accreditation reports, corrective action plans, and performance data submitted to the accrediting organizations. When major deficiencies, as defined by the accrediting organization, are identified through the accreditation process, the department and the agency may perform followup monitoring to assure that such deficiencies are corrected and that the corrections are sustained over time. Proof of compliance with fire and health safety standards will be submitted as required by rule.

(6)  The department or agency, by accepting the survey or inspection of an accrediting organization, does not forfeit its rights to monitor for the purpose of ensuring that services for which the department has paid were provided. The department may investigate complaints or suspected problems and monitor the provider's compliance with negotiated terms and conditions, including provisions relating to consent decrees, which are unique to a specific contract and are not statements of general applicability. The department may monitor compliance with federal and state statutes, federal regulations, or state administrative rules, if such monitoring does not duplicate the review of accreditation standards or independent audits pursuant to subsections (3) and (8).

(7)  For purposes of licensure and monitoring of facilities under contract with the department, the department shall rely only upon properly adopted and applicable federal and state statutes and rules.

(8)  The department shall file a State Projects Compliance Supplement pursuant to s. 215.97 for behavioral health care services. In monitoring the financial operations of its contractors, the department shall rely upon certified public accountant audits, if required. The department shall perform a desk review of its contractor's most recent independent audit and may conduct onsite monitoring only of problems identified by these audits, or by other sources of information documenting problems with the contractor's financial management. Certified public accountants employed by the department may conduct an onsite test of the validity of a contractor's independent audit every third year.

(9)  The accreditation requirements of this section apply to contracted organizations that are already accredited immediately upon becoming law.

History.--s. 2, ch. 2001-171; s. 4, ch. 2001-191; s. 7, ch. 2003-279; s. 41, ch. 2004-5.

394.745  Annual report; compliance of providers under contract with department.--By November 1 of each year, the Department of Children and Family Services shall submit a report to the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives which describes the compliance of providers that provide substance abuse treatment programs and mental health services under contract with the Department of Children and Family Services. The report must describe the status of compliance with the annual performance outcome standards established by the Legislature and must address the providers that meet or exceed performance standards, the providers that did not achieve performance standards for which corrective action measures were developed, and the providers whose contracts were terminated due to failure to meet the requirements of the corrective plan.

History.--s. 18, ch. 2000-349.

394.75  State and district substance abuse and mental health plans.--

(1)(a)  Every 3 years, beginning in 2001, the department, in consultation with the Medicaid program in the Agency for Health Care Administration, shall prepare a state master plan for the delivery and financing of a system of publicly funded, community-based substance abuse and mental health services throughout the state.

(b)  The initial plan must include an assessment of the clinical practice guidelines and standards for community-based mental health and substance abuse services delivered by persons or agencies under contract with the Department of Children and Family Services. The assessment must include an inventory of current clinical guidelines and standards used by persons and agencies under contract with the department, and by nationally recognized accreditation organizations, to address the quality of care and must specify additional clinical practice standards and guidelines for new or existing services and programs.

(c)  The plan must propose changes in department policy or statutory revisions to strengthen the quality of mental health and substance abuse treatment and support services.

(d)  The plan must identify strategies for meeting the treatment and support needs of children, adolescents, adults, and older adults who have, or are at risk of having, mental, emotional, or substance abuse problems as defined in this chapter or chapter 397.

(e)  The plan must include input from persons who represent local communities; local government entities that contribute funds to the local substance abuse and mental health treatment systems; consumers of publicly funded substance abuse and mental health services, and their families; and stakeholders interested in mental health and substance abuse services. The plan must describe the means by which this local input occurred. The plan shall be updated annually.

(f)  The plan must include statewide policies and planning parameters that will be used by the ¹health and human services boards in preparing the district substance abuse and mental health plans.

(g)  The district plans shall be one component of the state master plan.

(2)  The state master plan shall also include:

(a)  A proposal for the development of a data system that will evaluate the effectiveness of programs and services provided to clients of the substance abuse and mental health service system.

(b)  A proposal to resolve the funding discrepancies between districts.

(c)  A methodology for the allocation of resources available from federal, state, and local sources and a description of the current level of funding available from each source.

(d)  A description of the statewide priorities for clients and services, and each district's priorities for clients and services.

(e)  Recommendations for methods of enhancing local participation in the planning, organization, and financing of substance abuse and mental health services.

(f)  A description of the current methods of contracting for services, an assessment of the efficiency of these methods in providing accountability for contracted funds, and recommendations for improvements to the system of contracting.

(g)  Recommendations for improving access to services by clients and their families.

(h)  Guidelines and formats for the development of district plans.

(i)  Recommendations for future directions for the substance abuse and mental health service delivery system.

A schedule, format, and procedure for development and review of the state master plan shall be adopted by the department by June of each year. The plan and annual updates must be submitted to the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives by January 1 of each year, beginning January 1, 2001.

(3)  The district ¹health and human services board shall prepare an integrated district substance abuse and mental health plan. The plan shall be prepared and updated on a schedule established by the ²Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Program Office. The plan shall reflect the needs and program priorities established by the department and the needs of the district established under ss. 394.674 and 394.675. The plan must list in order of priority the mental health and the substance abuse treatment needs of the district and must rank each program separately. The plan shall include:

(a)  A record of the total amount of money available in the district for mental health and substance abuse services.

(b)  A description of each service that will be purchased with state funds.

(c)  A record of the amount of money allocated for each service identified in the plan as being purchased with state funds.

(d)  A record of the total funds allocated to each provider.

(e)  A record of the total funds allocated to each provider by type of service to be purchased with state funds.

(f)  Input from community-based persons, organizations, and agencies interested in substance abuse and mental health treatment services; local government entities that contribute funds to the public substance abuse and mental health treatment systems; and consumers of publicly funded substance abuse and mental health services, and their family members. The plan must describe the means by which this local input occurred.

The plan shall be submitted by the district ¹board to the district administrator and to the governing bodies for review, comment, and approval.

(4)  The district plan shall:

(a)  Describe the publicly funded, community-based substance abuse and mental health system of care, and identify statutorily defined populations, their service needs, and the resources available and required to meet their needs.

(b)  Provide the means for meeting the needs of the district's eligible clients, specified in ss. 394.674 and 394.675, for substance abuse and mental health services.

(c)  Provide a process for coordinating the delivery of services within a community-based system of care to eligible clients. Such process must involve service providers, clients, and other stakeholders. The process must also provide a means by which providers will coordinate and cooperate to strengthen linkages, achieve maximum integration of services, foster efficiencies in service delivery and administration, and designate responsibility for outcomes for eligible clients.

(d)  Provide a projection of district program and fiscal needs for the next fiscal year, provide for the orderly and economical development of needed services, and indicate priorities and resources for each population served, performance outcomes, and anticipated expenditures and revenues.

(e)  Include a summary budget request for the total district substance abuse and mental health program, which must include the funding priorities established by the district planning process.

(f)  Provide a basis for the district legislative budget request.

(g)  Include a policy and procedure for allocation of funds.

(h)  Include a procedure for securing local matching funds. Such a procedure shall be developed in consultation with governing bodies and service providers.

(i)  Provide for the integration of substance abuse and mental health services with the other departmental programs and with the criminal justice, juvenile justice, child protection, school, and health care systems within the district.

(j)  Provide a plan for the coordination of services in such manner as to ensure effectiveness and avoid duplication, fragmentation of services, and unnecessary expenditures.

(k)  Provide for continuity of client care between state treatment facilities and community programs to assure that discharge planning results in the rapid application for all benefits for which a client is eligible, including Medicaid coverage for persons leaving state treatment facilities and returning to community-based programs.

(l)  Provide for the most appropriate and economical use of all existing public and private agencies and personnel.

(m)  Provide for the fullest possible and most appropriate participation by existing programs; state hospitals and other hospitals; city, county, and state health and family service agencies; drug abuse and alcoholism programs; probation departments; physicians; psychologists; social workers; marriage and family therapists; mental health counselors; clinical social workers; public health nurses; school systems; and all other public and private agencies and personnel that are required to, or may agree to, participate in the plan.

(n)  Include an inventory of all public and private substance abuse and mental health resources within the district, including consumer advocacy groups and self-help groups known to the department.

(5)  The district plan shall address how substance abuse and mental health services will be provided and how a system of care for target populations will be provided given the resources available in the service district. The plan must include provisions for maximizing client access to the most recently developed psychiatric medications approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration, for developing independent housing units through participation in the Section 811 program operated by the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development, for developing supported employment services through the Division of Vocational Rehabilitation of the Department of Education, for providing treatment services to persons with co-occurring mental illness and substance abuse problems which are integrated across treatment systems, and for providing services to adults who have a serious mental illness, as defined in s. 394.67, and who reside in assisted living facilities.

(6)  The district plan shall provide the means by which the needs of the population groups specified pursuant to s. 394.674 will be addressed in the district.

(7)  In developing the district plan, optimum use shall be made of any federal, state, and local funds that may be available for substance abuse and mental health service planning. However, the department must provide these services within legislative appropriations.

(8)  The district ¹health and human services board shall establish a subcommittee to prepare the portion of the district plan relating to children and adolescents. The subcommittee shall include representative membership of any committee organized or established by the district to review placement of children and adolescents in residential treatment programs. The ¹board shall establish a subcommittee to prepare the portion of the district plan which relates to adult mental health and substance abuse. The subcommittee must include representatives from the community who have an interest in mental health and substance abuse treatment for adults.

(9)  All departments of state government and all local public agencies shall cooperate with officials to assist them in service planning. Each district administrator shall, upon request and the availability of staff, provide consultative services to the local agency directors and governing bodies.

(10)  The district administrator shall ensure that the district plan:

(a)  Conforms to the priorities in the state plan, the requirements of this part, and the standards adopted under this part;

(b)  Ensures that the most effective and economical use will be made of available public and private substance abuse and mental health resources in the service district; and

(c)  Has adequate provisions made for review and evaluation of the services provided in the service district.

(11)  The district administrator shall require such modifications in the district plan as he or she deems necessary to bring the plan into conformance with the provisions of this part. If the district ¹board and the district administrator cannot agree on the plan, including the projected budget, the issues under dispute shall be submitted directly to the secretary of the department for immediate resolution.

(12)  Each governing body that provides local funds has the authority to require necessary modification to only that portion of the district plan which affects substance abuse and mental health programs and services within the jurisdiction of that governing body.

(13)  The district administrator shall report annually to the district ¹board the status of funding for priorities established in the district plan. Each report must include:

(a)  A description of the district plan priorities that were included in the district legislative budget request.

(b)  A description of the district plan priorities that were included in the departmental budget request.

(c)  A description of the programs and services included in the district plan priorities that were appropriated funds by the Legislature in the legislative session that preceded the report.

History.--s. 11, ch. 70-109; s. 1, ch. 70-439; s. 10, ch. 76-221; s. 2, ch. 77-372; s. 4, ch. 82-223; s. 17, ch. 84-285; s. 18, ch. 88-398; s. 60, ch. 91-221; s. 6, ch. 92-174; s. 13, ch. 93-200; s. 7, ch. 93-267; s. 722, ch. 95-148; s. 51, ch. 2000-139; s. 11, ch. 2000-349; s. 20, ch. 2002-22.

¹Note.--Health and Human Services Boards were abolished by s. 2, ch. 2000-139, which substantially reworded s. 20.19.

²Note.--Section 2, ch. 2000-139, amended s. 20.19, relating to the structure of the Department of Children and Family Services; separate program offices are established for mental health and for substance abuse.

394.76  Financing of district programs and services.--If the local match funding level is not provided in the General Appropriations Act or the substantive bill implementing the General Appropriations Act, such funding level shall be provided as follows:

(1)  The district administrator shall ensure that, to the extent possible within available resources, a continuum of integrated and comprehensive services will be available within the district.

(2)  If in any fiscal year the approved state appropriation is insufficient to finance the programs and services specified by this part, the department shall have the authority to determine the amount of state funds available to each service district for such purposes in accordance with the priorities in both the state and district plans. The district administrator shall consult with the planning council to ensure that the summary operating budget conforms to the approved plan.

(3)  The state share of financial participation shall be determined by the following formula:

(a)  The state share of approved program costs shall be a percentage of the net balance determined by deducting from the total operating cost of services and programs, as specified in s. 394.675(1), those expenditures which are ineligible for state participation as provided in subsection (7) and those ineligible expenditures established by rule of the department pursuant to s. 394.78.

(b)  Residential and case management services which are funded as part of a deinstitutionalization project shall not require local matching funds and shall not be used as local matching funds. The state and federal financial participation portions of Medicaid earnings pursuant to Title XIX of the Social Security Act, except for the amount of general revenue equal to the amount appropriated in 1985-1986 plus all other general revenue that is shifted from any other alcohol, drug abuse, and mental health appropriation category after fiscal year 1986-1987 or substance abuse and mental health appropriation category after fiscal year 2000-2001, shall not require local matching funds and shall not be used as local matching funds. Local matching funds are not required for general revenue transferred by the department into substance abuse and mental health appropriations categories during a fiscal year to match federal funds earned from Medicaid services provided for mental health clients in excess of the amounts initially appropriated. Funds for children's services which were provided through the Children, Youth, and Families Services budget which did not require local match prior to being transferred to the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services budget shall be exempt from local matching requirements. All other contracted community alcohol and mental health services and programs, except as identified in s. 394.457(3), shall require local participation on a 75-to-25 state-to-local ratio.

(c)  The expenditure of 100 percent of all third-party payments and fees shall be considered as eligible for state financial participation if such expenditures are in accordance with subsection (7) and the approved district plan.

(d)  Fees generated by residential and case management services which are funded as part of a deinstitutionalization program and do not require local matching funds shall be used to support program costs approved in the district plan.

(e)  Any earnings pursuant to Title XIX of the Social Security Act in excess of the amount appropriated shall be used to support program costs approved in the district plan.

(4)  Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (3), the department is authorized to develop and demonstrate alternative financing systems for substance abuse and mental health services. Proposals for demonstration projects conducted pursuant to this subsection shall be reviewed by the substantive and appropriations committees of the Senate and the House of Representatives prior to implementation of the projects.

(5)  The department is authorized to make investigations and to require audits of expenditures. The department may authorize the use of private certified public accountants for such audits. Audits shall follow department guidelines.

(6)  Claims for state payment shall be made in such form and in such manner as the department determines.

(7)  The expenditures which are subject to state payment include expenditures that are approved in the district plan for: salaries of personnel; approved facilities and services provided through contract; operation, maintenance, and service cost; depreciation of facilities; and such other expenditures as may be approved by the district administrator. Such expenditures do not include expenditures for compensation to members of a community agency board, except the actual and necessary expenses incurred in the performance of official duties, or expenditures for a purpose for which state payment is claimed under any other provision of law.

(8)  Expenditures for capital improvements relating to construction of, addition to, purchase of, or renovation of a community substance abuse or mental health facility may be made by the state, provided such expenditures or capital improvements are part and parcel of an approved district plan. Nothing shall prohibit the use of such expenditures for the construction of, addition to, renovation of, or purchase of facilities owned by a county, city, or other governmental agency of the state or a nonprofit entity. Such expenditures are subject to the provisions of subsection (6).

(9)(a)  State funds for community alcohol and mental health services shall be matched by local matching funds as provided in paragraph (3)(b). The governing bodies within a district or subdistrict shall be required to participate in the funding of alcohol and mental health services under the jurisdiction of such governing bodies. The amount of the participation shall be at least that amount which, when added to other available local matching funds, is necessary to match state funds.

(b)  The provisions of paragraph (a) to the contrary notwithstanding, no additional matching funds may be required solely due to the addition in the General Appropriations Act of Substance Abuse and Mental Health Block Grant Funds for local community mental health centers and alcohol project grants.

(10)  A local governing body is authorized to appropriate moneys, in lump sum or otherwise, from its public funds for the purpose of carrying out the provisions of this part. In addition to the payment of claims upon submission of proper vouchers, such moneys may also, at the option of the governing body, be disbursed in the form of a lump-sum or advance payment for services for expenditure, in turn, by the recipient of the disbursement without prior audit by the auditor of the governing body. Such funds shall be expended only for substance abuse or mental health purposes as provided in the approved district plan. Each governing body appropriating and disbursing moneys pursuant to this subsection shall require the expenditure of such moneys by the recipient of the disbursement to be audited annually either in conjunction with an audit of other expenditures or by a separate audit. Such annual audits shall be furnished to the governing bodies of each participating county and municipality for their examination.

(11)  No additional local matching funds shall be required solely due to the addition in the General Appropriations Act of substance abuse and mental health block grant funds for local community mental health centers, drug abuse programs, and alcohol project grants.

History.--s. 12, ch. 70-109; s. 1, ch. 70-439; s. 111, ch. 71-355; ss. 1, 2, ch. 72-386; s. 1, ch. 74-291; s. 11, ch. 76-221; s. 33, ch. 77-312; ss. 3, 5, ch. 77-372; s. 5, ch. 82-223; s. 18, ch. 84-285; s. 1, ch, 87-244; s. 26, ch. 87-247; s. 19, ch. 88-398; s. 27, ch. 88-557; s. 13, ch. 2000-349.

394.77  Uniform management information, accounting, and reporting systems for providers.--The department shall establish, for the purposes of control of costs:

(1)  A uniform management information system and fiscal accounting system for use by providers of community substance abuse and mental health services.

(2)  A uniform reporting system with uniform definitions and reporting categories.

History.--s. 13, ch. 70-109; s. 1, ch. 70-439; s. 12, ch. 76-221; s. 6, ch. 82-223; s. 19, ch. 84-285; s. 14, ch. 2000-349.

394.78  Operation and administration; personnel standards; procedures for audit and monitoring of service providers; resolution of disputes.--

(1)(a)  The Department of Children and Family Services shall administer this part and shall adopt rules necessary for its administration. In addition to other rulemaking authority, the department may adopt financial rules relating to conflicts of interest; related party transactions; full disclosure of revenue funds and expenses; charts of accounts for state reporting; auditing; penalties for nonperformance; benefit packages; performance outcomes, including client satisfaction and functional assessments; nonpayment and suspended payments for failure to timely submit required client service reports; and client financial eligibility requirements.

(b)  Rules of the department shall be adopted in accordance with the Administrative Procedure Act under chapter 120.

(2)  The department shall, by rule, establish standards of education and experience for professional and technical personnel employed in substance abuse and mental health programs.

(3)  The department shall establish, to the extent possible, a standardized auditing procedure for substance abuse and mental health service providers; and audits of service providers shall be conducted pursuant to such procedure and the applicable department rules. Such procedure shall be supplied to all current and prospective contractors and subcontractors prior to the signing of any contracts.

(4)  The department shall monitor service providers for compliance with contracts and applicable state and federal regulations. A representative of the district ¹health and human services board shall be represented on the monitoring team.

(5)  In unresolved disputes regarding this part or rules established pursuant to this part, providers and district ¹health and human services boards shall adhere to formal procedures specified under ²s. 20.19(8)(n).

(6)  The department shall, by rule, establish standards for contracting budgeting, methods of payment, and the accounting of patient fees that are earned on behalf of a specific client.

History.--s. 14, ch. 70-109; s. 1, ch. 70-439; s. 13, ch. 76-221; s. 4, ch. 77-372; s. 20, ch. 84-285; s. 4, ch. 98-152; s. 3, ch. 99-396; s. 15, ch. 2000-349.

¹Note.--Health and Human Services Boards were abolished by s. 2, ch. 2000-139, which substantially reworded s. 20.19.

²Note.--Section 20.19 was substantially reworded by s. 2, ch. 2000-139.

394.80  Authorization to appropriate funds.--The several cities and counties of this state are authorized to appropriate funds to support all or any portion of the cost of services and construction not met through support by the state or federal governments.

History.--s. 16, ch. 70-109.

394.82  Funding of expanded services.--

(1)  Pursuant to the General Appropriations Acts for the 2001-2002 and 2002-2003 fiscal years, funds appropriated to the Department of Children and Family Services for the purpose of expanding community mental health services must be used to implement programs that emphasize crisis services as defined in s. 394.67(4) and treatment services, rehabilitative services, support services, and case management services, as defined in s. 394.67(16). Following the 2002-2003 fiscal year, the Department of Children and Family Services must continue to expand the provision of these community mental health services.

(2)  In order to estimate the cost of the expansion of community mental health services, the Department of Children and Family Services in collaboration with the Agency for Health Care Administration shall develop, and update annually, estimates of the need for mental health services, including forecasts of Baker Act expenditures, based on periodic actuarial analysis, caseload estimates of adults with serious mental illness and children with serious emotional disturbance, the associated costs per person served, and recommendations for maximizing the use of federal funds to meet these needs. The estimates must be submitted to the Executive Office of the Governor, the President of the Senate, and the Speaker of the House of Representatives on August 1 of each year.

(3)  Each fiscal year, any funding increases for crisis services or community mental health services that are included in the General Appropriations Act shall be appropriated in a lump-sum category as defined in s. 216.011(1)(aa). In accordance with s. 216.181(6)(a), the Executive Office of the Governor shall require the Department of Children and Family Services to submit a spending plan for the use of funds appropriated for this purpose. The spending plan must include a schedule for phasing in the new community mental health services in each service district of the department and must describe how the new services will be integrated and coordinated with all current community-based health and human services.

(4)  On October 1, 2002, and on October 1, 2003, the Department of Children and Family Services shall submit a report to the Governor, the President of the Senate, and the Speaker of the House of Representatives concerning the progress made toward expanding the provision of community mental health services, as required by subsection (1), during the prior fiscal year.

(5)  By January 1, 2004, the crisis services defined in s. 394.67(4) shall be implemented, as appropriate, in the state's public community mental health system to serve children and adults who are experiencing an acute mental or emotional crisis, as defined in s. 394.67(18). By January 1, 2006, the mental health services defined in s. 394.67(16) shall be implemented, as appropriate, in the state's public community mental health system to serve adults and older adults who have a severe and persistent mental illness and to serve children who have a serious emotional disturbance or mental illness, as defined in s. 394.492(6).

(6)  The provisions of subsections (1) and (5) shall be implemented to the extent of available appropriations contained in the annual General Appropriations Act for such purposes.

History.--s. 1, ch. 2002-290.

394.875  Crisis stabilization units, residential treatment facilities, and residential treatment centers for children and adolescents; authorized services; license required; penalties.--

(1)(a)  The purpose of a crisis stabilization unit is to stabilize and redirect a client to the most appropriate and least restrictive community setting available, consistent with the client's needs. Crisis stabilization units may screen, assess, and admit for stabilization persons who present themselves to the unit and persons who are brought to the unit under s. 394.463. Clients may be provided 24-hour observation, medication prescribed by a physician or psychiatrist, and other appropriate services. Crisis stabilization units shall provide services regardless of the client's ability to pay and shall be limited in size to a maximum of 30 beds.

(b)  The purpose of a residential treatment facility is to be a part of a comprehensive treatment program for mentally ill individuals in a community-based residential setting.

(c)  The purpose of a residential treatment center for children and adolescents is to provide mental health assessment and treatment services pursuant to ss. 394.491, 394.495, and 394.496 to children and adolescents who meet the target population criteria specified in s. 394.493(1)(a), (b), or (c).

(2)  It is unlawful for any entity to hold itself out as a crisis stabilization unit, a residential treatment facility, or a residential treatment center for children and adolescents, or to act as a crisis stabilization unit, a residential treatment facility, or a residential treatment center for children and adolescents, unless it is licensed by the agency pursuant to this chapter.

(3)  Any person who violates subsection (2) is guilty of a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.

(4)  The agency may maintain an action in circuit court to enjoin the unlawful operation of a crisis stabilization unit, a residential treatment facility, or a residential treatment center for children and adolescents if the agency first gives the violator 14 days' notice of its intention to maintain such action and if the violator fails to apply for licensure within such 14-day period.

(5)  Subsection (2) does not apply to:

(a)  Homes for special services licensed under chapter 400; or

(b)  Nursing homes licensed under chapter 400.

(c)  Comprehensive transitional education programs licensed under s. 393.067.

(6)  The department, in consultation with the agency, may establish multiple license classifications for residential treatment facilities.

(7)  The agency may not issue a license to a crisis stabilization unit unless the unit receives state mental health funds and is affiliated with a designated public receiving facility.

(8)  The agency may issue a license for a crisis stabilization unit or short-term residential treatment facility, certifying the number of authorized beds for such facility as indicated by existing need and available appropriations. The agency may disapprove an application for such a license if it determines that a facility should not be licensed pursuant to the provisions of this chapter. Any facility operating beds in excess of those authorized by the agency shall, upon demand of the agency, reduce the number of beds to the authorized number, forfeit its license, or provide evidence of a license issued pursuant to chapter 395 for the excess beds.

(9)  A children's crisis stabilization unit which does not exceed 20 licensed beds and which provides separate facilities or a distinct part of a facility, separate staffing, and treatment exclusively for minors may be located on the same premises as a crisis stabilization unit serving adults. The department, in consultation with the agency, shall adopt rules governing facility construction, staffing and licensure requirements, and the operation of such units for minors.

(10)  The department, in consultation with the agency, must adopt rules governing a residential treatment center for children and adolescents which specify licensure standards for: admission; length of stay; program and staffing; discharge and discharge planning; treatment planning; seclusion, restraints, and time-out; rights of patients under s. 394.459; use of psychotropic medications; and standards for the operation of such centers.

(11)  Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (8), crisis stabilization units may not exceed their licensed capacity by more than 10 percent, nor may they exceed their licensed capacity for more than 3 consecutive working days or for more than 7 days in 1 month.

(12)  Notwithstanding the other provisions of this section, any facility licensed under former chapter 396 and chapter 397 for detoxification, residential level I care, and outpatient treatment may elect to license concurrently all of the beds at such facility both for that purpose and as a long-term residential treatment facility pursuant to this section, if all of the following conditions are met:

(a)  The licensure application is received by the department prior to January 1, 1993.

(b)  On January 1, 1993, the facility was licensed under former chapter 396 and chapter 397 as a facility for detoxification, residential level I care, and outpatient treatment of substance abuse.

(c)  The facility restricted its practice to the treatment of law enforcement personnel for a period of at least 12 months beginning after January 1, 1992.

(d)  The number of beds to be licensed under this chapter is equal to or less than the number of beds licensed under former chapter 396 and chapter 397 as of January 1, 1993.

(e)  The licensee agrees in writing to a condition placed upon the license that the facility will limit its treatment exclusively to law enforcement personnel and their immediate families who are seeking admission on a voluntary basis and who are exhibiting symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder or other mental health problems, including drug or alcohol abuse, which are directly related to law enforcement work and which are amenable to verbal treatment therapies; the licensee agrees to coordinate the provision of appropriate postresidential care for discharged individuals; and the licensee further agrees in writing that a failure to meet any condition specified in this paragraph shall constitute grounds for a revocation of the facility's license as a residential treatment facility.

(f)  The licensee agrees that the facility will meet all licensure requirements for a residential treatment facility, including minimum standards for compliance with lifesafety requirements, except those licensure requirements which are in express conflict with the conditions and other provisions specified in this subsection.

(g)  The licensee agrees that the conditions stated in this subsection must be agreed to in writing by any person acquiring the facility by any means.

Any facility licensed under this subsection is not required to provide any services to any persons except those included in the specified conditions of licensure, and is exempt from any requirements related to the 60-day or greater average length of stay imposed on community-based residential treatment facilities otherwise licensed under this chapter.

(13)  Each applicant for licensure must comply with the following requirements:

(a)  Upon receipt of a completed, signed, and dated application, the agency shall require background screening, in accordance with the level 2 standards for screening set forth in chapter 435, of the managing employee and financial officer, or other similarly titled individual who is responsible for the financial operation of the facility, including billings for client care and services. The applicant must comply with the procedures for level 2 background screening as set forth in chapter 435, as well as the requirements of s. 435.03(3).

(b)  The agency may require background screening of any other individual who is an applicant if the agency has probable cause to believe that he or she has been convicted of a crime or has committed any other offense prohibited under the level 2 standards for screening set forth in chapter 435.

(c)  Proof of compliance with the level 2 background screening requirements of chapter 435 which has been submitted within the previous 5 years in compliance with any other health care licensure requirements of this state is acceptable in fulfillment of the requirements of paragraph (a).

(d)  A provisional license may be granted to an applicant when each individual required by this section to undergo background screening has met the standards for the Department of Law Enforcement background check, but the agency has not yet received background screening results from the Federal Bureau of Investigation, or a request for a disqualification exemption has been submitted to the agency as set forth in chapter 435, but a response has not yet been issued. A standard license may be granted to the applicant upon the agency's receipt of a report of the results of the Federal Bureau of Investigation background screening for each individual required by this section to undergo background screening which confirms that all standards have been met, or upon the granting of a disqualification exemption by the agency as set forth in chapter 435. Any other person who is required to undergo level 2 background screening may serve in his or her capacity pending the agency's receipt of the report from the Federal Bureau of Investigation. However, the person may not continue to serve if the report indicates any violation of background screening standards and a disqualification exemption has not been requested of and granted by the agency as set forth in chapter 435.

(e)  Each applicant must submit to the agency, with its application, a description and explanation of any exclusions, permanent suspensions, or terminations of the applicant from the Medicare or Medicaid programs. Proof of compliance with the requirements for disclosure of ownership and control interests under the Medicaid or Medicare programs shall be accepted in lieu of this submission.

(f)  Each applicant must submit to the agency a description and explanation of any conviction of an offense prohibited under the level 2 standards of chapter 435 by a member of the board of directors of the applicant, its officers, or any individual owning 5 percent or more of the applicant. This requirement does not apply to a director of a not-for-profit corporation or organization if the director serves solely in a voluntary capacity for the corporation or organization, does not regularly take part in the day-to-day operational decisions of the corporation or organization, receives no remuneration for his or her services on the corporation or organization's board of directors, and has no financial interest and has no family members with a financial interest in the corporation or organization, provided that the director and the not-for-profit corporation or organization include in the application a statement affirming that the director's relationship to the corporation satisfies the requirements of this paragraph.

(g)  A license may not be granted to an applicant if the applicant or managing employee has been found guilty of, regardless of adjudication, or has entered a plea of nolo contendere or guilty to, any offense prohibited under the level 2 standards for screening set forth in chapter 435, unless an exemption from disqualification has been granted by the agency as set forth in chapter 435.

(h)  The agency may deny or revoke licensure if the applicant:

1.  Has falsely represented a material fact in the application required by paragraph (e) or paragraph (f), or has omitted any material fact from the application required by paragraph (e) or paragraph (f); or

2.  Has had prior action taken against the applicant under the Medicaid or Medicare program as set forth in paragraph (e).

(i)  An application for license renewal must contain the information required under paragraphs (e) and (f).

History.--ss. 2, 11, ch. 85-167; s. 1, ch. 90-251; s. 249, ch. 91-224; s. 4, ch. 91-429; s. 9, ch. 93-247; ss. 27, 71, ch. 98-171; s. 4, ch. 2000-265; ss. 65, 154, ch. 2000-349; s. 25, ch. 2001-53; s. 26, ch. 2001-62; s. 2, ch. 2001-67; s. 148, ch. 2001-277; s. 42, ch. 2004-267.

394.876  Applications.--

(1)  Any person desiring to be licensed under this chapter shall apply to the agency on forms provided by the agency. The application shall contain the following:

(a)  The name and address of the applicant, the name of the unit or facility, and the address of the unit or facility.

(b)1.  If the applicant is a partnership, association, or other form of entity other than an individual or a corporation, the name and address of each member or owner of the entity.

2.  If the applicant is a corporation, the name and address of each director or officer and the name and address of each person holding at least 5 percent ownership interest in the corporation.

(c)  Such information as the department and the agency find necessary to determine the ability of the applicant to carry out its responsibilities under this chapter.

(2)  The applicant shall furnish proof satisfactory to the agency of its financial ability to operate the unit or facility in accordance with this chapter. An applicant for an original license shall submit a balance sheet and a statement projecting revenues, expenses, taxes, extraordinary items, and other credits and charges for the first 6 months of operation.

(3)  The applicant shall provide proof of liability insurance coverage in amounts set by the department and the agency by rule.

(4)  The agency shall accept proof of accreditation by the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Hospitals in lieu of the information required by subsection (1).

History.--ss. 3, 11, ch. 85-167; s. 4, ch. 91-429; s. 28, ch. 98-171.

394.877  Fees.--

(1)  Each application for licensure or renewal must be accompanied by a fee set by the department, in consultation with the agency, by rule. Such fees shall be reasonably calculated to cover only the cost of regulation under this chapter.

(2)  All fees collected under this section shall be deposited in the Health Care Trust Fund.

History.--ss. 4, 11, ch. 85-167; s. 4, ch. 91-429; s. 29, ch. 98-171.

394.878  Issuance and renewal of licenses.--

(1)  Upon review of the application for licensure and receipt of appropriate fees, the agency shall issue an original or renewal license to any applicant that meets the requirements of this chapter.

(2)  A license is valid for a period of 1 year. An applicant for renewal of a license shall apply to the agency no later than 90 days before expiration of the current license.

(3)  A license may not be transferred from one entity to another and is valid only for the premises for which it was originally issued. For the purposes of this subsection, "transfer" includes, but is not limited to, transfer of a majority of the ownership interests in a licensee or transfer of responsibilities under the license to another entity by contractual arrangement.

(4)  Each license shall state the services which the licensee is required or authorized to perform and the maximum residential capacity of the licensed premises.

(5)  The agency may issue a probationary license to an applicant that has completed the application requirements of this chapter but has not, at the time of the application, developed an operational crisis stabilization unit or residential treatment facility. The probationary license shall expire 90 days after issuance and may once be renewed for an additional 90-day period. The agency may cancel a probationary license at any time.

(6)  The agency may issue an interim license to an applicant that has substantially completed all application requirements and has initiated action to fully meet such requirements. The interim license shall expire 90 days after issuance and, in cases of extreme hardship, may once be renewed for an additional 90-day period.

(7)  Any applicant which fails to file an application for license renewal during the 90-day relicensure period shall be considered unlicensed and subject to penalties pursuant to s. 394.875.

History.--ss. 5, 11, ch. 85-167; s. 4, ch. 91-429; s. 30, ch. 98-171.

394.879  Rules; enforcement.--

(1)  The department, in consultation with the agency, shall adopt rules pursuant to ss. 120.536(1) and 120.54 to implement the provisions of this chapter, including, at a minimum, rules providing standards to ensure that:

(a)  Sufficient numbers and types of qualified personnel are on duty and available at all times to provide necessary and adequate client safety and care.

(b)  Adequate space is provided each client of a licensed facility.

(c)  Licensed facilities are limited to an appropriate number of beds.

(d)  Each licensee establishes and implements adequate infection control, housekeeping, sanitation, disaster planning, and medical recordkeeping.

(e)  Licensed facilities are established, organized, and operated in accordance with programmatic standards of the department.

(f)  The operation and purposes of these facilities assure individuals' health, safety, and welfare.

(2)  Minimum firesafety standards shall be established and enforced by the State Fire Marshal in cooperation with the department. Such standards shall be included in the rule adopted by the department after consultation with the State Fire Marshal.

(3)  The department, in consultation with the agency, shall allow any licensed facility in operation at the time of adoption of any rule a reasonable period, not to exceed 1 year, to bring itself into compliance with such rule.

(4)  The agency may impose an administrative penalty of no more than $500 per day against any licensee that violates any rule adopted pursuant to this section and may suspend or revoke the license or deny the renewal application of such licensee. In imposing such penalty, the agency shall consider the severity of the violation, actions taken by the licensee to correct the violation, and previous violations by the licensee. Fines collected under this subsection shall be deposited in the Mental Health Facility Licensing Trust Fund.

(5)  The agency or the department may not adopt any rule governing the design, construction, erection, alteration, modification, repair, or demolition of crisis stabilization units. It is the intent of the Legislature to preempt that function to the Florida Building Commission and the State Fire Marshal through adoption and maintenance of the Florida Building Code and the Florida Fire Prevention Code. However, the agency shall provide technical assistance to the commission and the State Fire Marshal in updating the construction standards of the Florida Building Code and the Florida Fire Prevention Code which govern crisis stabilization units. In addition, the agency may enforce the special-occupancy provisions of the Florida Building Code and the Florida Fire Prevention Code which apply to crisis stabilization units in conducting any inspection authorized under this part.

History.--ss. 6, 11, ch. 85-167; s. 4, ch. 91-429; s. 5, ch. 98-152; s. 31, ch. 98-171; s. 98, ch. 98-200; s. 20, ch. 2000-141; s. 34, ch. 2001-186; s. 3, ch. 2001-372.

394.90  Inspection; right of entry; records.--

(1)(a)  The department and the agency may enter and inspect at any time a licensed facility to determine whether the facility is in compliance with this chapter and the rules of the department.

(b)  The department and the agency may enter and inspect any premises that it has probable cause to suspect may be operating as an unlicensed crisis stabilization unit or residential treatment facility; however, such entry and inspection shall be made only with the permission of the person in charge of such premises or pursuant to warrant.

(c)  Any application for licensure under this chapter constitutes full permission for the department and the agency to enter and inspect the premises of the applicant or licensee at any time.

(2)  For purposes of monitoring and investigation, the department and the Agency for Health Care Administration shall have access to the clinical records of any client of a licensee or designated facility, the provisions of s. 394.4615 to the contrary notwithstanding.

(3)  The agency shall schedule periodic inspections of licensees so as to minimize the cost to the licensees and the disruption of the licensees' programs. This subsection shall not be construed to limit the authority of the department and the agency to inspect the facilities of a licensee at any time.

(4)  Each licensee shall maintain as public information, available to any person upon request, copies of all reports of inspections of the licensee filed with or issued by any governmental agency during the preceding 5-year period. The licensee shall furnish a copy of the most recent inspection report of the agency to any person upon payment of a reasonable charge for copying.

(5)  The agency shall accept, in lieu of its own inspections for licensure, the survey or inspection of an accrediting organization, if the provider is accredited according to the provisions of s. 394.741 and the agency receives the report of the accrediting organization.

History.--ss. 7, 11, ch. 85-167; s. 4, ch. 91-429; s. 47, ch. 93-39; s. 28, ch. 96-169; s. 65, ch. 97-100; s. 32, ch. 98-171; s. 3, ch. 2001-171; s. 5, ch. 2001-191.

394.902  Denial, suspension, and revocation; other remedies.--

(1)  The agency may issue an emergency order suspending or revoking a license if the agency determines that the continued operation of the licensed facility presents a clear and present danger to the public health or safety.

(2)  The agency may impose a moratorium on elective admissions to a licensee or any program or portion of a licensed facility if the agency determines that any condition in the facility presents a threat to the public health or safety.

(3)  If the agency determines that an applicant or licensee is not in compliance with this chapter or the rules adopted under this chapter, the agency may deny, suspend, or revoke the license or application or may suspend, revoke, or impose reasonable restrictions on any portion of the license. If a license is revoked, the licensee is barred from submitting any application for licensure to the agency for a period of 6 months following revocation.

(4)  The agency may maintain an action in circuit court to enjoin the operation of any licensed or unlicensed facility in violation of this chapter or the rules adopted under this chapter.

(5)  License denial, suspension, or revocation procedures shall be in accordance with chapter 120.

History.--ss. 8, 11, ch. 85-167; s. 4, ch. 91-429; s. 33, ch. 98-171.

394.903  Receivership proceedings.--

(1)  The agency, independently or in conjunction with the department may petition a court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a receiver for a crisis stabilization unit or a residential treatment facility when any of the following conditions exist:

(a)  Any person is operating a unit or facility without a license and refuses to make application for a license as required by this part.

(b)  The licensee is closing the unit or facility or has informed the agency that it intends to close and adequate arrangements have not been made for relocation of the residents within 7 days, exclusive of weekends and holidays, of the closing of the unit or facility.

(c)  The agency determines that conditions exist in the unit or facility which present an imminent danger to the health, safety, or welfare of the residents of the unit or facility or a substantial probability that death or serious physical harm would result therefrom. The agency shall, whenever possible, facilitate the continued operation of the program.

(d)  The licensee cannot meet its financial obligations for providing food, shelter, care, and utilities. Issuance of bad checks or accumulation of delinquent bills for such items as personnel salaries, food, drugs, or utilities constitutes prima facie evidence that the ownership of the unit or facility lacks the financial ability to operate the unit or facility in accordance with the requirements of this chapter and all rules adopted under this chapter.

(2)  Petitions for receivership shall take precedence over other court business unless the court determines that some other pending proceeding, having similar statutory precedence, shall have priority. A hearing shall be conducted within 5 days after the filing of the petition, at which time all interested parties shall have the opportunity to present evidence pertaining to the petition. The agency shall notify the owner or operator of the unit or facility named in the petition of its filing and the dates for the hearing. The court shall grant the petition only upon finding that the health, safety, and welfare of residents of the unit or facility would be threatened if a condition existing at the time the petition was filed is permitted to continue. A receiver shall not be appointed ex parte unless the court determines that one or more of the conditions of subsection (1) exist and that the owner or operator cannot be found, that all reasonable means of locating the owner or operator and notifying him or her of the petition and hearing have been exhausted, or that the owner or operator after notification of the hearing chooses not to attend. After such findings, the court may appoint any person qualified by education, training, or experience to carry out the responsibilities of receiver pursuant to this section, except that it shall not appoint any owner or affiliate of the unit or facility which is in receivership. Prior to the appointment as receiver of a person who is the operator, manager, or supervisor of another unit or facility, the court shall determine that the person can reasonably operate, manage, or supervise more than one unit or facility. The receiver may be appointed for up to 90 days, with the option of petitioning the court for 30-day extensions. The receiver may be selected from a list of persons qualified to act as receivers developed by the agency and presented to the court with each petition for receivership. The agency or department or a designated employee of either, may not be appointed as a receiver for more than 60 days; however, such receiver may petition the court for 30-day extensions. The agency may petition the court to appoint a substitute receiver. The court shall grant the extension upon a showing of good cause. During the first 60 days of the receivership, the agency may not take action to decertify or revoke the license of a unit or facility unless conditions causing imminent danger to the health and welfare of the residents exist and a receiver has been unable to remove those conditions. After the first 60 days of receivership, and every 60 days thereafter until the receivership is terminated, the agency shall submit to the court the results of an assessment of the unit's or facility's ability to assure the safety and care of the residents. If the conditions at the unit or facility or the intentions of the owner indicate that the purpose of the receivership is to close the unit or facility rather than to facilitate its continued operations, the department, in consultation with the agency, shall place the residents in appropriate alternative residential settings as quickly as possible. If, in the opinion of the court, the agency has not been diligent in its efforts to make adequate placement arrangements, the court may find the agency to be in contempt and shall order the agency to submit its plans for moving the residents.

(3)  The receiver shall make provisions for the continued health, safety, and welfare of all residents of the unit or facility and:

(a)  Shall exercise those powers and perform those duties set out by the court.

(b)  Shall operate the unit or facility in such a manner as to assure safety and adequate health care for the residents.

(c)  Shall take such action as is reasonably necessary to protect or conserve the assets or property of the unit or facility for which the receiver is appointed, or the proceeds from any transfer thereof, and he or she may use them only in the performance of the powers and duties set forth in this section or by order of the court.

(d)  May use the buildings, fixtures, furnishings, and any accompanying consumable goods in the provision of care and services to residents and to any other persons receiving services from the unit or facility at the time the petition for receivership is filed. The receiver shall collect payments for all goods and services provided to residents or others during the period of the receivership at the same rate of payment charged by the owners at the time the petition for receivership was filed or at a fair and reasonable rate otherwise approved by the court for private-pay residents.

(e)  May correct or eliminate any deficiency in the structure, furnishings, or staffing of the unit or facility which endangers the safety or health of residents while they remain in the unit or facility; however, the total cost of correction shall not exceed $3,000. The court may order expenditures for this purpose in excess of $3,000 on application from the receiver after notice to the owner. A hearing may be requested by the owner within 72 hours.

(f)  May let contracts and hire agents and employees to carry out the powers and duties of the receiver under this section.

(g)  Shall honor all leases, mortgages, and secured transactions governing the building in which the unit or facility is located and all goods and fixtures in the building of which the receiver has taken possession, but only to the extent of payments which, in the case of rental agreement, are for the use of the property during the period of the receivership or which, in the case of a purchase agreement, become due during the period of the receivership.

(h)  Shall have full power to direct, manage, hire, and discharge employees of the unit or facility subject to any contract rights they may have. The receiver shall hire and pay employees at the rate of compensation, including benefits, approved by the court. Receivership does not relieve the owner of any obligation to employees made prior to the appointment of a receiver and not carried out by the receiver.

(i)  Shall be entitled to take possession of all property or assets of residents which are in the possession of a unit or facility or its owner. The receiver shall preserve all property or assets and all resident records of which the receiver takes possession and shall provide for the prompt transfer of the property, assets, and records to the new placement of any transferred resident. An inventory list certified by the owner and by the receiver shall be made at the time the receiver takes possession of the facility.

(4)(a)  A person who is served with notice of an order of the court appointing a receiver and of the receiver's name and address shall be liable to pay the receiver for any goods or services provided by the receiver after the date of the order if the person would have been liable for the goods or services as supplied by the owner. The receiver shall give a receipt for each payment and shall keep a copy of each receipt on file. The receiver shall deposit accounts received in a separate account and shall use this account for all disbursements.

(b)  The receiver may bring an action to enforce the liability created by paragraph (a).

(c)  A payment to the receiver of any sum owing to the facility or its owner shall discharge any obligation to the facility to the extent of the payment.

(5)(a)  A receiver may petition the court that he or she not be required to honor any lease, mortgage, secured transaction, or other wholly or partially executory contract entered into by the owner of the facility if the rent, price, or rate of interest required to be paid under the agreement was substantially in excess of a reasonable rent, price, or rate of interest at the time the contract was entered into, or if any material provision of the agreement was unreasonable, when compared to contracts negotiated under similar conditions. Any relief in this form provided by the court shall be limited to the life of the receivership, unless otherwise determined by the court.

(b)  If the receiver is in possession of real estate or goods subject to a lease, mortgage, or security interest which the receiver has obtained a court order to avoid under paragraph (a), and if the real estate or goods are necessary for the continued operation of the unit or facility under this section, the receiver may apply to the court to set a reasonable rental, price, or rate of interest to be paid by the receiver during the duration of the receivership. The court shall hold a hearing on the application within 15 days. The receiver shall send notice of the application to any known persons who own the property involved or to mortgage holders at least 10 days prior to the hearing. Payment by the receiver of the amount determined by the court to be reasonable is a defense to any action against the receiver for payment or for possession of the goods or real estate subject to the lease, security interest, or mortgage involved by any person who received such notice, but the payment does not relieve the owner of the facility of any liability for the difference between the amount paid by the receiver and the amount due under the original lease, security interest, or mortgage involved.

(6)  The court shall set the compensation of the receiver, which shall be considered a necessary expense of a receivership.

(7)  A receiver may be held liable in a personal capacity only for the receiver's own gross negligence, intentional acts, or breaches of fiduciary duty.

(8)  The court may require a receiver to post a bond.

(9)  The court may terminate a receivership when:

(a)  The court determines that the receivership is no longer necessary because the conditions which gave rise to the receivership no longer exist; or

(b)  All of the residents in the unit or facility have been transferred or discharged.

(10)  Within 30 days after termination, unless this time period is extended by the court, the receiver shall give the court a complete accounting of all property of which the receiver has taken possession, of all funds collected and disbursed, and of the expenses of the receivership.

(11)  Nothing in this section shall be construed to relieve any owner, operator, or employee of a unit or facility placed in receivership of any civil or criminal liability incurred, or any duty imposed by law, by reason of acts or omissions of the owner, operator, or employee prior to the appointment of a receiver; nor shall anything contained in this section be construed to suspend during the receivership any obligation of the owner, operator, or employee for payment of taxes or other operating and maintenance expenses of the unit or facility or of the owner, operator, or employee or any other person for the payment of mortgages or liens. The owner shall retain the right to sell or mortgage any unit or facility under receivership, subject to approval of the court which ordered the receivership. Receivership imposed under the provisions of this chapter shall be subject to the Health Care Trust Fund pursuant to s. 394.904. The owner of a facility placed in receivership by the court shall be liable for all expenses and costs incurred by the Health Care Trust Fund which occur as a result of the receivership.

History.--ss. 9, 11, ch. 85-167; s. 4, ch. 91-429; s. 723, ch. 95-148; s. 34, ch. 98-171.

394.904  Health Care Trust Fund.--There is created in the State Treasury the Health Care Trust Fund. All moneys collected by the agency pursuant to this chapter shall be deposited in the trust fund. Moneys in the trust fund shall be appropriated to the agency for the purpose of covering the cost of regulation of facilities licensed under this chapter and any other purpose related to enforcement of this chapter.

History.--ss. 10, 11, ch. 85-167; s. 4, ch. 91-429; s. 35, ch. 98-171.

394.907  Community mental health centers; quality assurance programs.--

(1)  As used in this section, the term "community mental health center" means a publicly funded, not-for-profit center that contracts with the department for the provision of inpatient, outpatient, day treatment, or emergency services.

(2)  Any community mental health center and any facility licensed pursuant to s. 394.875 shall have an ongoing quality assurance program. The purpose of the quality assurance program shall be to objectively and systematically monitor and evaluate the appropriateness and quality of client care, to ensure that services are rendered consistent with reasonable, prevailing professional standards and to resolve identified problems.

(3)  Each facility shall develop a written plan that addresses the minimum guidelines for the quality assurance program. Such guidelines shall include, but are not limited to:

(a)  Standards for the provision of client care and treatment practices;

(b)  Procedures for the maintenance of client records;

(c)  Policies and procedures for staff development;

(d)  Standards for facility safety and maintenance;

(e)  Procedures for peer review and resource utilization;

(f)  Policies and procedures for adverse incident reporting to include verification of corrective action to remediate or minimize incidents and for reporting such incidents to the department by a timeframe as prescribed by rule.

Such plan shall be submitted to the governing board for approval and a copy provided to the department.

(4)  The quality assurance program shall be directly responsible to the executive director of the facility and shall be subject to review by the governing board of the agency.

(5)  Each facility shall designate a quality assurance manager who is an employee of the agency or under contract with the agency.

(6)  Incident reporting shall be the affirmative duty of all staff. Any person filing an incident report shall not be subject to any civil action by virtue of such incident report.

(7)  The department shall have access to all records necessary to determine agency compliance with the provisions of this section. The records of quality assurance programs which relate solely to actions taken in carrying out the provisions of this section, and records obtained by the department to determine agency compliance with this section, are confidential and exempt from s. 119.07(1). Such records are not admissible in any civil or administrative action, except in disciplinary proceedings by the Department of Business and Professional Regulation and the appropriate regulatory board, nor shall such records be available to the public as part of the record of investigation for, and prosecution in disciplinary proceedings made available to the public by the Department of Business and Professional Regulation or the appropriate regulatory board. Meetings or portions of meetings of quality assurance program committees that relate solely to actions taken pursuant to this section are exempt from s. 286.011.

(8)  The department, in consultation with the agency, shall adopt rules to carry out this section.

(9)  This section does not apply to hospitals licensed pursuant to chapter 395 or programs operated within such hospitals.

History.--ss. 22, 26, ch. 88-398; s. 22, ch. 90-347; s. 4, ch. 91-429; s. 43, ch. 94-218; s. 211, ch. 96-406; s. 36, ch. 98-171.

394.908  Substance abuse and mental health funding equity; distribution of appropriations.--In recognition of the historical inequity among service districts of the former Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services in the funding of substance abuse and mental health services, and in order to rectify this inequity and provide for equitable funding in the future throughout the state, the following funding process shall be adhered to:

(1)  Funding thresholds for substance abuse and mental health services in each of the current districts, statewide, shall be established based on the current number of persons in need per district of substance abuse and mental health services, respectively.

(2)  "Persons in need" means those persons who fit the profile of the respective target populations and require mental health or substance abuse services.

(3)  Seventy-five percent of any additional funding beyond the 1996-1997 fiscal year base appropriation for alcohol, drug abuse, and mental health services shall be allocated to districts for substance abuse and mental health services based on:

(a)  Epidemiological estimates of disabilities which apply to the respective target populations.

(b)  A pro rata share distribution that ensures districts below the statewide average funding level per person in each target population of "persons in need" receive funding necessary to achieve equity.

(4)  The remaining 25 percent shall be allocated based on the number of persons in need of substance abuse and mental health services per district without regard to current funding levels.

(5)  Target populations for persons in need shall be displayed for each district and distributed concurrently with the approved operating budget. The display by target population shall show: The annual number of persons served based on prior year actual numbers, the annual cost per person served, the number of persons served by service cost center, and the estimated number of the total target population for persons in need.

(6)  The annual cost per person served shall be defined as the total actual funding for each target population divided by the number of persons served in the target population for that year.

(7)  Commencing on July 1, 1998, all additional funding pursuant to this section shall be performance-based.

¹(8)  For fiscal year 2004-2005 only, and notwithstanding the provisions of this section, all new funds received in excess of fiscal year 2003-2004 recurring appropriations shall be allocated in accordance with the provisions of the General Appropriations Act; however, no district shall receive an allocation of recurring funds less than its initial approved operating budget, plus any distributions of lump sum appropriations or reductions in unfunded budget, for fiscal year 2003-2004. This subsection expires July 1, 2005.

History.--s. 1, ch. 97-195; s. 16, ch. 2000-349; ss. 16, 53, ch. 2001-254; s. 3, ch. 2002-397; s. 28, ch. 2003-399; s. 8, ch. 2004-269.

¹Note.--

A.  Section 8, ch. 2004-269, amended subsection (8) "[i]n order to implement Specific Appropriations 382-388 of the 2004-2005 General Appropriations Act." Some proviso language relating to this appropriation was vetoed. See ch. 2004-268, the 2004-2005 General Appropriations Act.

B.  Section 75, ch. 2004-269, provides that "[a] section of this act that implements a specific appropriation or specifically identified proviso language in the 2004-2005 General Appropriations Act is void if the specific appropriation or specifically identified proviso language is vetoed. A section of this act that implements more than one specific appropriation or more than one portion of specifically identified proviso language in the 2004-2005 General Appropriations Act is void if all the specific appropriations or portions of specifically identified proviso language are vetoed." Not all portions of specifically identified proviso language relating to the amendment of s. 394.908(8) were vetoed.

394.9081  Target groups.--The Department of Children and Family Services shall revise its target groups for substance abuse and mental health services approved pursuant to ¹s. 216.0166, to include "older adults in crisis," "older adults who are at risk of being placed in a more restrictive environment because of their mental illness or substance abuse," "older adults with severe and persistent mental illness," and "older adults in need of substance abuse treatment." The department shall track and report specifically on substance abuse and mental health services provided to older adults.

History.--s. 20, ch. 2000-349.

¹Note.--Repealed by s. 61, ch. 2000-371.

394.9082  Behavioral health service delivery strategies.--

(1)  LEGISLATIVE FINDINGS AND INTENT.--The Legislature finds that a management structure that places the responsibility for mental health and substance abuse treatment services within a single entity and that contains a flexible funding arrangement will allow for customized services to meet individual client needs and will provide incentives for provider agencies to serve persons in the target population who have the most complex treatment and support needs. The Legislature recognizes that in order for the state's publicly funded mental health and substance abuse treatment systems to evolve into a single well-integrated behavioral health system, a transition period is needed and demonstration sites must be established where new ideas and technologies can be tested and critically reviewed.

(2)  DEFINITIONS.--As used in this section, the term:

(a)  "Behavioral health services" means mental health services and substance abuse treatment services that are provided with state and federal funds.

(b)  "Managing entity" means an entity that manages the delivery of behavioral health services.

(3)  SERVICE DELIVERY STRATEGIES.--The Department of Children and Family Services and the Agency for Health Care Administration shall develop service delivery strategies that will improve the coordination, integration, and management of the delivery of mental health and substance abuse treatment services to persons with emotional, mental, or addictive disorders. It is the intent of the Legislature that a well-managed service delivery system will increase access for those in need of care, improve the coordination and continuity of care for vulnerable and high-risk populations, redirect service dollars from restrictive care settings and out-of-date service models to community-based psychiatric rehabilitation services, and reward cost-effective and appropriate care patterns. The Legislature recognizes that the Medicaid, mental health, and substance abuse treatment programs are three separate systems and that each has unique characteristics, including unique requirements for eligibility. To move toward a well-integrated system of behavioral health care services will require careful planning and implementation. It is the intent of the Legislature that the service delivery strategies will be the first phase of transferring the provision and management of mental health and substance abuse treatment services provided by the Department of Children and Family Services and the Medicaid program from traditional fee-for-service and unit-cost contracting methods to risk-sharing arrangements. As used in this section, the term "behavioral health care services" means mental health services and substance abuse treatment services that are provided with state and federal funds.

(4)  CONTRACT FOR SERVICES.--

(a)  The Department of Children and Family Services and the Agency for Health Care Administration may contract for the provision or management of behavioral health services with a managing entity in at least two geographic areas. Both the Department of Children and Family Services and the Agency for Health Care Administration must contract with the same managing entity in any distinct geographic area where the strategy operates. This managing entity shall be accountable at a minimum for the delivery of behavioral health services specified and funded by the department and the agency. The geographic area must be of sufficient size in population and have enough public funds for behavioral health services to allow for flexibility and maximum efficiency. Notwithstanding the provisions of s. 409.912(4)(b)1., at least one service delivery strategy must be in one of the service districts in the catchment area of G. Pierce Wood Memorial Hospital.

(b)  Under one of the service delivery strategies, the Department of Children and Family Services may contract with a prepaid mental health plan that operates under s. 409.912 to be the managing entity. Under this strategy, the Department of Children and Family Services is not required to competitively procure those services and, notwithstanding other provisions of law, may employ prospective payment methodologies that the department finds are necessary to improve client care or institute more efficient practices. The Department of Children and Family Services may employ in its contract any provision of the current prepaid behavioral health care plan authorized under s. 409.912(4)(a) and (b), or any other provision necessary to improve quality, access, continuity, and price. Any contracts under this strategy in Area 6 of the Agency for Health Care Administration or in the prototype region under s. 20.19(7) of the Department of Children and Family Services may be entered with the existing substance abuse treatment provider network if an administrative services organization is part of its network. In Area 6 of the Agency for Health Care Administration or in the prototype region of the Department of Children and Family Services, the Department of Children and Family Services and the Agency for Health Care Administration may employ alternative service delivery and financing methodologies, which may include prospective payment for certain population groups. The population groups that are to be provided these substance abuse services would include at a minimum: individuals and families receiving family safety services; Medicaid-eligible children, adolescents, and adults who are substance-abuse-impaired; or current recipients and persons at risk of needing cash assistance under Florida's welfare reform initiatives.

(c)  Under the second service delivery strategy, the Department of Children and Family Services and the Agency for Health Care Administration shall competitively procure a contract for the management of behavioral health services with a managing entity. The Department of Children and Family Services and the Agency for Health Care Administration may purchase from the managing entity the management services necessary to improve continuity of care and access to care, contain costs, and improve quality of care. The managing entity shall manage and coordinate all publicly funded diagnostic or assessment services, acute care services, rehabilitative services, support services, and continuing care services for persons who meet the financial criteria specified in this part for publicly funded mental health and substance abuse treatment services or for persons who are Medicaid eligible. The managing entity shall be solely accountable for a geographic area and shall coordinate the emergency care system. The managing entity may be a network of existing providers with an administrative services organization that can function independently, may be an administrative services organization that is independent of local provider agencies, or may be an entity of state or local government.

(d)  Under both strategies, the Department of Children and Family Services and the Agency for Health Care Administration may:

1.  Establish benefit packages based on the level of severity of illness and level of client functioning;

2.  Align and integrate procedure codes, standards, or other requirements if it is jointly determined that these actions will simplify or improve client services and efficiencies in service delivery;

3.  Use prepaid per capita and prepaid aggregate fixed-sum payment methodologies;

4.  Modify their current procedure codes to increase clinical flexibility, encourage the use of the most effective interventions, and support rehabilitative activities; and

5.  Establish or develop data management and reporting systems that promote efficient use of data by the service delivery system. Data management and reporting systems must address the management and clinical care needs of the service providers and managing entities and provide information needed by the department for required state and federal reporting. In order to develop and test the application of new data systems, a strategy implementation area is not required to provide information that matches all current statewide reporting requirements if the strategy's data systems include client demographic, admission, discharge, enrollment, service events, performance outcome information, and functional assessment.

(e)  The cost of the managing entity contract shall be funded through a combination of funds from the Department of Children and Family Services and the Agency for Health Care Administration. To operate the managing entity, the Department of Children and Family Services and the Agency for Health Care Administration may not expend more than 10 percent of the annual appropriations for mental health and substance abuse treatment services prorated to the geographic areas and must include all behavioral health Medicaid funds, including psychiatric inpatient funds. This restriction does not apply to a prepaid behavioral health plan that is authorized under s. 409.912(4)(a) and (b).

(f)  Contracting and payment mechanisms for services should promote flexibility and responsiveness and should allow different categorical funds to be combined. The service array should be determined by using needs assessment and best practice models.

(g)  Medicaid contracts for behavioral health overlay services for dependent children or delinquent children will remain fee-for-service. Any provider who currently contracts to provide Medicaid behavioral health services with residential group care facilities under the Family Safety program of the Department of Children and Family Services or with the Department of Juvenile Justice to serve delinquent youth in residential commitment programs shall be included in the network of providers in both service delivery strategies and shall continue the existing staffing arrangements. During the operation of the service delivery strategies, any new behavioral health provider that enters into a contract with residential group care facilities under the Family Safety program of the Department of Children and Family Services or with the Department of Juvenile Justice for delinquent youth in residential commitment programs shall also be included in the network.

(5)  STATEWIDE ACTIONS.--The agency and the department shall jointly develop and implement strategies that reduce service costs in a manner that mitigates the impact on persons in need of those services. The agency and department may employ any methodologies on a regional or statewide basis necessary to achieve the reduction, including but not limited to use of case rates, prepaid per capita contracts, utilization management, expanded use of care management, use of waivers from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services to maximize federal matching of current local and state funding, modification or creation of additional procedure codes, and certification of match or other management techniques. The department may contract with a single managing entity or provider network that shall be responsible for delivering state-funded mental health and substance abuse services. Any not-for-profit agency providing Medicaid reimbursed mental health or substance abuse services to dependent children as of May 1, 2003, shall be included in the network. The managing entity shall coordinate its delivery of mental health and substance abuse services with all prepaid mental health plans in the region or the district. The department may include in its contract with the managing entity data-management and data-reporting requirements, clinical program management, and administrative functions. Before the department contracts for these functions with the provider network, the department shall determine that the entity has the capacity and capability to assume these functions. The roles and responsibilities of each party must be clearly delineated in the contract.

(6)  GOALS.--The goal of the service delivery strategies is to provide a design for an effective coordination, integration, and management approach for delivering effective behavioral health services to persons who are experiencing a mental health or substance abuse crisis, who have a disabling mental illness or substance abuse disorder and will require extended services in order to recover from their illness, or who need brief treatment or supportive interventions to avoid a crisis or disability. Other goals of the models include the following:

(a)  Improve accountability for a local system of behavioral health care services to meet performance outcomes and standards.

(b)  Assure continuity of care for all children, adolescents, and adults who enter the publicly funded behavioral health service system.

(c)  Provide early diagnosis and treatment interventions to enhance recovery and prevent hospitalization.

(d)  Improve assessment of local needs for behavioral health services.

(e)  Improve the overall quality of behavioral health services through the use of best practice models.

(f)  Demonstrate improved service integration between behavioral health programs and other programs, such as vocational rehabilitation, education, child welfare, primary health care, emergency services, and criminal justice.

(g)  Provide for additional testing of creative and flexible strategies for financing behavioral health services to enhance individualized treatment and support services.

(h)  Control the costs of services without sacrificing quality of care.

(i)  Coordinate the admissions and discharges from state mental health hospitals and residential treatment centers.

(j)  Improve the integration, accessibility, and dissemination of behavioral health data for planning and monitoring purposes.

(k)  Promote specialized behavioral health services to residents of assisted living facilities.

(l)  Reduce the admissions and the length of stay for dependent children in residential treatment centers.

(m)  Provide services to abused and neglected children and their families as indicated in court-ordered case plans.

(7)  ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS.--

(a)  The managing entity must demonstrate the ability of its network of providers to comply with the pertinent provisions of this chapter and chapter 397 and to assure the provision of comprehensive behavioral health services. The network of providers shall include, but is not limited to, mental health centers, substance abuse treatment providers, hospitals, licensed psychiatrists, licensed psychiatric nurses, and mental health professionals licensed under chapter 490 or chapter 491. A behavioral health client served by the network under the service delivery strategies may reside in his or her own home or in settings including, but not limited to, assisted living facilities, skilled nursing facilities, foster homes, or group homes.

(b)  The target population to be served in the service delivery strategies must include children, adolescents, and adults who fall into the following categories:

1.  Adults in mental health crisis;

2.  Older adults in crisis;

3.  Adults with serious and persistent mental illness;

4.  Adults with substance abuse problems;

5.  Adults with forensic involvement;

6.  Older adults with severe and persistent mental illness;

7.  Older adults with substance abuse problems;

8.  Children and adolescents with serious emotional disturbances as defined in s. 394.492(6);

9.  Children with substance abuse problems as defined in s. 397.93(2);

10.  Children and adolescents in state custody pursuant to chapter 39; and

11.  Children and adolescents in residential commitment programs of the Department of Juvenile Justice pursuant to chapter 985.

(c)  The service delivery strategies must include a continuing care system for persons whose clinical and functional status indicates the need for these services. These persons will be eligible for a range of treatment, rehabilitative, and support services until they no longer need the services to maintain or improve their level of functioning. Given the long-term nature of some mental and addictive disorders, continuing care services should be sensitive to the variable needs of individuals across time and shall be designed to help assure easy access for persons with these long-term problems. The Department of Children and Family Services shall develop criteria for the continuing care program for behavioral health services.

(d)  A local body or group must be identified by the district administrator of the Department of Children and Family Services to serve in an advisory capacity to the behavioral health service delivery strategy and must include representatives of the local school system, the judicial system, county government, public and private Baker Act receiving facilities, and law enforcement agencies; a consumer of the public behavioral health system; and a family member of a consumer of the publicly funded system. This advisory body may be the community alliance established under s. 20.19(6) or any other suitable established local group.

(e)  The managing entity shall ensure that written cooperative agreements are developed among the judicial system, the criminal justice system, and the local behavioral health providers in the geographic area which define strategies and alternatives for diverting, from the criminal justice system to the civil system as provided under part I of this chapter or chapter 397, persons with behavioral health problems who are arrested for a misdemeanor. These agreements must also address the provision of appropriate services to persons with behavioral health problems who leave the criminal justice system.

(f)  Managing entities must submit data to the Department of Children and Family Services and the Agency for Health Care Administration on the use of services and the outcomes for all enrolled clients. Managing entities must meet performance standards developed by the Agency for Health Care Administration and the Department of Children and Family Services related to:

1.  The rate at which individuals in the community receive services, including persons who receive followup care after emergencies.

2.  Clinical improvement of individuals served, clinically and functionally.

3.  Reduction of jail admissions.

4.  Consumer and family satisfaction.

5.  Satisfaction of key community constituents such as law enforcement agencies, juvenile justice agencies, the courts, the schools, local government entities, and others as appropriate for the locality.

(g)  The Agency for Health Care Administration may establish a certified match program, which must be voluntary. Under a certified match program, reimbursement is limited to the federal Medicaid share to Medicaid-enrolled strategy participants. The agency shall take no action to implement a certified match program without ensuring that the consultation provisions of chapter 216 have been met. The agency may seek federal waivers that are necessary to implement the behavioral health service delivery strategies.

(h)1.  The Department of Children and Family Services, in consultation with the Agency for Health Care Administration, shall prepare an amendment by October 31, 2001, to the 2001 master state plan required under s. 394.75(1), which describes each service delivery strategy, including at least the following details:

a.  Operational design;

b.  Counties or service districts included in each strategy;

c.  Expected outcomes; and

d.  Timeframes.

2.  The amendment shall specifically address the application of each service delivery strategy to substance abuse services, including:

a.  The development of substance abuse service protocols;

b.  Credentialing requirements for substance abuse services; and

c.  The development of new service models for individuals with co-occurring mental health and substance abuse disorders.

3.  The amendment must specifically address the application of each service delivery strategy to the child welfare system, including:

a.  The development of service models that support working with both children and their families in a community-based care system and that are specific to the child welfare system.

b.  A process for providing services to abused and neglected children and their families as indicated in court-ordered case plans.

(8)  EXPANSION IN DISTRICTS 4 AND 12.--The department shall work with community agencies to establish a single managing entity for districts 4 and 12 accountable for the delivery of substance abuse services to child protective services recipients in the two districts. The purpose of this strategy is to enhance the coordination of substance abuse services with community-based care agencies and the department. The department shall work with affected stakeholders to develop and implement a plan that allows the phase-in of services beginning with the delivery of substance abuse services, with phase-in of subsequent substance abuse services agreed upon by the managing entity and authorized by the department, providing the necessary technical assistance to assure provider and district readiness for implementation. When a single managing entity is established and meets readiness requirements, the department may enter into a noncompetitive contract with the entity. The department shall maintain detailed information on the methodology used for selection and a justification for the selection. Performance objectives shall be developed which ensure that services that are delivered directly affect and complement the child's permanency plan. During the initial planning and implementation phase of this project, the requirements in subsections (6) and (7) are waived. Considering the critical substance abuse problems experienced by many families in the child protection system, the department shall initiate the implementation of the substance abuse delivery component of this program without delay and furnish status reports to the appropriate substantive committees of the Senate and the House of Representatives no later than February 29, 2004, and February 28, 2005. The integration of all services agreed upon by the managing entity and authorized by the department must be completed within 2 years after project initiation. Ongoing monitoring and evaluation of this strategy shall be conducted in accordance with subsection (9).

(9)  MONITORING AND EVALUATION.--The Department of Children and Family Services and the Agency for Health Care Administration shall provide routine monitoring and oversight of and technical assistance to the managing entities. The Louis de la Parte Florida Mental Health Institute shall conduct an ongoing formative evaluation of each strategy to identify the most effective methods and techniques used to manage, integrate, and deliver behavioral health services. The entity conducting the evaluation shall report to the Department of Children and Family Services, the Agency for Health Care Administration, the Executive Office of the Governor, and the Legislature every 12 months regarding the status of the implementation of the service delivery strategies. The report must include a summary of activities that have occurred during the past 12 months of implementation and any problems or obstacles that have in the past, or may in the future, prevent the managing entity from achieving performance goals. The first status report is due January 1, 2002. After the service delivery strategies have been operational for 1 year, the status report must include an analysis of administrative costs and the status of the achievement of performance outcomes. By December 31, 2006, the Louis de la Parte Florida Mental Health Institute, as a part of the ongoing formative evaluation of each strategy, must conduct a study of the strategies established in districts 1, 8, 4, and 12 under this section, and must include an assessment of best practice models in other states. The study must address programmatic outcomes that include, but are not limited to, timeliness of service delivery, effectiveness of treatment services, cost-effectiveness of selected models, and customer satisfaction with services. Based upon the results of this study, the department and the Agency for Health Care Administration, in consultation with the managing entities, must provide a report to the Executive Office of the Governor, the President of the Senate, and the Speaker of the House of Representatives. This report must contain recommendations for the statewide implementation of successful strategies, including any modifications to the strategies, the identification and prioritization of strategies to be implemented, and timeframes for statewide completion that include target dates to complete milestones as well as a date for full statewide implementation.

History.--s. 9, ch. 2001-191; s. 8, ch. 2003-279; s. 42, ch. 2004-5; s. 17, ch. 2004-344.

394.9083  Behavioral Health Services Integration Workgroup.--

(1)  The Secretary of Children and Family Services shall establish the Behavioral Health Services Integration Workgroup, which, at a minimum, shall include representatives from the following: the Department of Juvenile Justice, the Department of Corrections, and the Department of Education; the Office of Drug Control Policy; the Agency for Health Care Administration; and county jails, homeless coalitions, county government, providers of behavioral health services, public and private Baker Act receiving facilities, providers of child protection services, assisted living facilities serving behavioral health clients, and consumers of behavioral health services and their families. The Behavioral Health Services Integration Workgroup shall assess barriers to the effective and efficient integration of mental health and substance abuse treatment services across various systems, propose solutions to these barriers, and ensure that plans for mental health and substance abuse treatment services which are required by statute consider these solutions. Under chapter 216, the Department of Children and Family Services may transfer up to $200,000 to support the Behavioral Health Services Integration Workgroup.

(2)  The Behavioral Health Services Integration Workgroup shall submit a report to the Governor, the President of the Senate, and the Speaker of the House of Representatives by January 1, 2002, regarding the Workgroup's progress toward achieving the goals specified in subsection (1).

History.--s. 10, ch. 2001-191.

394.9084  Florida Self-Directed Care.--

(1)  The Department of Children and Family Services, in cooperation with the Agency for Health Care Administration, may develop a client-directed and choice-based pilot project in district 4 and three other districts to provide mental health treatment and support services to adults who have a serious mental illness. The department may also develop and implement a client-directed and choice-based pilot project in one district to provide mental health treatment and support services for children with a serious emotional disturbance who live at home. If established, any staff who work with children must be screened under s. 435.04. The projects shall implement a payment model in which each client controls the money that is available for that client's mental health treatment and support services. The department shall establish interagency cooperative agreements and work with the agency, the division, and the Social Security Administration to implement and administer the Florida Self-Directed Care program.

(2)  To be eligible for enrollment in the Florida Self-Directed Care program, a person must be an adult with a severe and persistent mental illness.

(3)  The Florida Self-Directed Care program has four subcomponents:

(a)  Department mental health services, which include community mental health outpatient, community support, and case management services funded through the department. This subcomponent excludes Florida Assertive Community Treatment (FACT) services for adults; residential services; and emergency stabilization services, including crisis stabilization units, short-term residential treatment, and inpatient services.

(b)  Agency mental health services, which include community mental health services and mental health targeted case management services reimbursed by Medicaid.

(c)  Vocational rehabilitation, which includes funds available for an eligible participant as provided by the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, 29 U.S.C. chapter 16, as amended.

(d)  Social Security Administration.

(4)  The managing entity shall pay for the cost-efficient community-based services the participant selects to meet his or her mental health care and vocational rehabilitation needs and goals as identified on his or her recovery plan.

(5)(a)  The department shall take all necessary action to ensure state compliance with federal regulations. The agency, in collaboration with the department, shall seek federal Medicaid waivers, and the department shall expeditiously seek any available Supplemental Security Administration waivers under s. 1110(b) of the federal Social Security Act; and the division, in collaboration with the department, shall seek federal approval to participate in the Florida Self-Directed Care program. No later than June 30, 2005, the department, agency, and division shall amend and update their strategic and state plans to reflect participation in the projects, including intent to seek federal approval to provide cashout options for eligible services for participants in the projects.

(b)  The department may apply for and use any funds from private, state, and federal grants provided for self-directed care, voucher, and self-determination programs, including those providing substance abuse and mental health care.

(6)  The department, the agency, and the division may transfer funds to the managing entity.

(7)  The department, the agency, and the division shall have rulemaking authority to implement the provisions of this section. These rules shall be for the purpose of enhancing choice in and control over the purchased mental health and vocational rehabilitative services accessed by Florida Self-Directed Care participants.

(8)  The department and the agency will complete a memorandum of agreement to delineate management roles for operation of the Florida Self-Directed Care program.

(9)  The department, the agency, and the division shall each, on an ongoing basis, review and assess the implementation of the Florida Self-Directed Care program.

(a)  The department will implement an evaluation of the program and will include recommendations for improvements in the program.

(b)  At a minimum, the evaluation must compare between program participants and nonparticipants:

1.  Re-hospitalization rates.

2.  Levels of satisfaction.

3.  Service utilization rates.

4.  Residential stability.

5.  Levels of community integration and interaction.

(c)  The evaluation must evaluate adherence to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid self-direction requirements, including:

1.  Person-centered planning.

2.  Individual budgets.

3.  Availability of independently brokered services from recovery coaches and quality advocates.

4.  Access to the program by all who are eligible to enroll.

5.  Participant safety and program incident management planning.

6.  An independently mediated grievance process.

(d)  The evaluation must assess the economic self-sufficiency of the program participants, including the number of Individual Development Accounts.

(e)  The evaluation must assess any adverse incidents resulting from the Florida Self-Directed Care, including consumer grievances, conflicts of interest, and patterns of self-referral by licensed professions.

The department is authorized to spend up to $100,000 to pay for the evaluation. If the agency and the department obtain a federal waiver, the evaluation will be used to determine effectiveness.

(10)  This section expires July 1, 2008.

History.--s. 1, ch. 2001-152; s. 1, ch. 2004-380.

394.910  Legislative findings and intent.

394.911  Legislative intent.

394.912  Definitions.

394.913  Notice to state attorney and multidisciplinary team of release of sexually violent predator; establishing multidisciplinary teams; information to be provided to multidisciplinary teams.

394.9135  Immediate releases from total confinement; transfer of person to department; time limitations on assessment, notification, and filing petition to hold in custody; filing petition after release.

394.914  Petition; contents.

394.915  Determination of probable cause; hearing; evaluation; respondent taken into custody; bail.

394.9151  Contract authority.

394.9155  Rules of procedure and evidence.

394.916  Trial; counsel and experts; indigent persons; jury.

394.917  Determination; commitment procedure; mistrials; housing; counsel and costs in indigent appellate cases.

394.918  Examinations; notice; court hearings for release of committed persons; burden of proof.

394.919  Authorized petition for release; procedure.

394.920  Petition for release.

394.921  Release of records to agencies, multidisciplinary teams, and state attorney.

394.9215  Right to habeas corpus.

394.922  Constitutional requirements.

394.923  Immunity from civil liability.

394.924  Severability.

394.925  Applicability of act.

394.926  Notice to victims of release of persons committed as sexually violent predators; notice to Department of Corrections and Parole Commission.

394.927  Escape while in lawful custody; notice to victim; notice to the Department of Corrections and Parole Commission.

394.928  Subsistence fees and costs of treatment.

394.929  Program costs.

394.930  Authority to adopt rules.

394.931  Quarterly reports.

394.910  Legislative findings and intent.--The Legislature finds that a small but extremely dangerous number of sexually violent predators exist who do not have a mental disease or defect that renders them appropriate for involuntary treatment under the Baker Act, part I of this chapter, which is intended to provide short-term treatment to individuals with serious mental disorders and then return them to the community. In contrast to persons appropriate for civil commitment under the Baker Act, sexually violent predators generally have antisocial personality features which are unamenable to existing mental illness treatment modalities, and those features render them likely to engage in criminal, sexually violent behavior. The Legislature further finds that the likelihood of sexually violent predators engaging in repeat acts of predatory sexual violence is high. The existing involuntary commitment procedures under the Baker Act for the treatment and care of mentally ill persons are inadequate to address the risk these sexually violent predators pose to society. The Legislature further finds that the prognosis for rehabilitating sexually violent predators in a prison setting is poor, the treatment needs of this population are very long term, and the treatment modalities for this population are very different from the traditional treatment modalities for people appropriate for commitment under the Baker Act. It is therefore the intent of the Legislature to create a civil commitment procedure for the long-term care and treatment of sexually violent predators.

History.--ss. 2, 3, ch. 98-64; s. 3, ch. 99-222.

Note.--Former s. 916.31.

394.911  Legislative intent.--The Legislature intends that persons who are subject to the civil commitment procedure for sexually violent predators under this part be subject to the procedures established in this part and not to the provisions of part I of this chapter. Less restrictive alternatives are not applicable to cases initiated under this part.

History.--s. 4, ch. 99-222.

394.912  Definitions.--As used in this part, the term:

(1)  "Agency with jurisdiction" means the agency that releases, upon lawful order or authority, a person who is serving a sentence in the custody of the Department of Corrections, a person who was adjudicated delinquent and is committed to the custody of the Department of Juvenile Justice, or a person who was involuntarily committed to the custody of the Department of Children and Family Services upon an adjudication of not guilty by reason of insanity.

(2)  "Convicted of a sexually violent offense" means a person who has been:

(a)  Adjudicated guilty of a sexually violent offense after a trial, guilty plea, or plea of nolo contendere;

(b)  Adjudicated not guilty by reason of insanity of a sexually violent offense; or

(c)  Adjudicated delinquent of a sexually violent offense after a trial, guilty plea, or plea of nolo contendere.

(3)  "Department" means the Department of Children and Family Services.

(4)  "Likely to engage in acts of sexual violence" means the person's propensity to commit acts of sexual violence is of such a degree as to pose a menace to the health and safety of others.

(5)  "Mental abnormality" means a mental condition affecting a person's emotional or volitional capacity which predisposes the person to commit sexually violent offenses.

(6)  "Person" means an individual 18 years of age or older who is a potential or actual subject of proceedings under this part.

(7)  "Secretary" means the secretary of the Department of Children and Family Services.

(8)  "Sexually motivated" means that one of the purposes for which the defendant committed the crime was for sexual gratification.

(9)  "Sexually violent offense" means:

(a)  Murder of a human being while engaged in sexual battery in violation of s. 782.04(1)(a)2.;

(b)  Kidnapping of a child under the age of 13 and, in the course of that offense, committing:

1.  Sexual battery; or

2.  A lewd, lascivious, or indecent assault or act upon or in the presence of the child;

(c)  Committing the offense of false imprisonment upon a child under the age of 13 and, in the course of that offense, committing:

1.  Sexual battery; or

2.  A lewd, lascivious, or indecent assault or act upon or in the presence of the child;

(d)  Sexual battery in violation of s. 794.011;

(e)  Lewd, lascivious, or indecent assault or act upon or in presence of the child in violation of s. 800.04;

(f)  An attempt, criminal solicitation, or conspiracy, in violation of s. 777.04, of a sexually violent offense;

(g)  Any conviction for a felony offense in effect at any time before October 1, 1998, which is comparable to a sexually violent offense under paragraphs (a)-(f) or any federal conviction or conviction in another state for a felony offense that in this state would be a sexually violent offense; or

(h)  Any criminal act that, either at the time of sentencing for the offense or subsequently during civil commitment proceedings under this part, has been determined beyond a reasonable doubt to have been sexually motivated.

(10)  "Sexually violent predator" means any person who:

(a)  Has been convicted of a sexually violent offense; and

(b)  Suffers from a mental abnormality or personality disorder that makes the person likely to engage in acts of sexual violence if not confined in a secure facility for long-term control, care, and treatment.

(11)  "Total confinement" means that the person is currently being held in any physically secure facility being operated or contractually operated for the Department of Corrections, the Department of Juvenile Justice, or the Department of Children and Family Services. A person shall also be deemed to be in total confinement for applicability of provisions under this part if the person is serving an incarcerative sentence under the custody of the Department of Corrections or the Department of Juvenile Justice and is being held in any other secure facility for any reason.

History.--s. 4, ch. 98-64; s. 5, ch. 99-222; s. 3, ch. 2000-246.

Note.--Former s. 916.32.

394.913  Notice to state attorney and multidisciplinary team of release of sexually violent predator; establishing multidisciplinary teams; information to be provided to multidisciplinary teams.--

(1)  The agency with jurisdiction over a person who has been convicted of a sexually violent offense shall give written notice to the multidisciplinary team, and a copy to the state attorney of the circuit where that person was last convicted of a sexually violent offense. If the person has never been convicted of a sexually violent offense in this state but has been convicted of a sexually violent offense in another state or in federal court, the agency with jurisdiction shall give written notice to the multidisciplinary team and a copy to the state attorney of the circuit where the person was last convicted of any offense in this state. If the person is being confined in this state pursuant to interstate compact and has a prior or current conviction for a sexually violent offense, the agency with jurisdiction shall give written notice to the multidisciplinary team and a copy to the state attorney of the circuit where the person plans to reside upon release or, if no residence in this state is planned, the state attorney in the circuit where the facility from which the person to be released is located. Except as provided in s. 394.9135, the written notice must be given:

(a)  At least 545 days prior to the anticipated release from total confinement of a person serving a sentence in the custody of the Department of Corrections, except that in the case of persons who are totally confined for a period of less than 545 days, written notice must be given as soon as practicable;

(b)  At least 180 days prior to the anticipated release from residential commitment of a person committed to the custody of the Department of Juvenile Justice, except that in the case of persons who are committed to low or moderate risk, written notice must be given as soon as practicable; or

(c)  At least 180 days prior to the anticipated hearing regarding possible release of a person committed to the custody of the department who has been found not guilty by reason of insanity or mental incapacity of a sexually violent offense.

(2)  The agency with jurisdiction shall provide the multidisciplinary team with the following information:

(a)  The person's name; identifying characteristics; anticipated future residence; the type of supervision the person will receive in the community, if any; and the person's offense history;

(b)  The person's criminal history, including police reports, victim statements, presentence investigation reports, postsentence investigation reports, if available, and any other documents containing facts of the person's criminal incidents;

(c)  Mental health, mental status, and medical records, including all clinical records and notes concerning the person;

(d)  Documentation of institutional adjustment and any treatment received and, in the case of an adjudicated delinquent committed to the Department of Juvenile Justice, copies of the most recent performance plan and performance summary; and

(e)  If the person was returned to custody after a period of supervision, documentation of adjustment during supervision and any treatment received.

(3)(a)  The secretary or his or her designee shall establish a multidisciplinary team or teams.

(b)  Each team shall include, but is not limited to, two licensed psychiatrists or psychologists or one licensed psychiatrist and one licensed psychologist. The multidisciplinary team shall assess and evaluate each person referred to the team. The assessment and evaluation shall include a review of the person's institutional history and treatment record, if any, the person's criminal background, and any other factor that is relevant to the determination of whether such person is a sexually violent predator.

(c)  Before recommending that a person meets the definition of a sexually violent predator, the person must be offered a personal interview. If the person agrees to participate in a personal interview, at least one member of the team who is a licensed psychiatrist or psychologist must conduct a personal interview of the person. If the person refuses to fully participate in a personal interview, the multidisciplinary team may proceed with its recommendation without a personal interview of the person.

(d)  The Attorney General's Office shall serve as legal counsel to the multidisciplinary team.

(e)  Within 180 days after receiving notice, there shall be a written assessment as to whether the person meets the definition of a sexually violent predator and a written recommendation, which shall be provided to the state attorney. The written recommendation shall be provided by the Department of Children and Family Services and shall include the written report of the multidisciplinary team.

(4)  The provisions of this section are not jurisdictional, and failure to comply with them in no way prevents the state attorney from proceeding against a person otherwise subject to the provisions of this part.

History.--s. 5, ch. 98-64; s. 6, ch. 99-222; s. 81, ch. 2000-139; s. 1, ch. 2002-59.

Note.--Former s. 916.33.

394.9135  Immediate releases from total confinement; transfer of person to department; time limitations on assessment, notification, and filing petition to hold in custody; filing petition after release.--

(1)  If the anticipated release from total confinement of a person who has been convicted of a sexually violent offense becomes immediate for any reason, the agency with jurisdiction shall upon immediate release from total confinement transfer that person to the custody of the Department of Children and Family Services to be held in an appropriate secure facility.

(2)  Within 72 hours after transfer, the multidisciplinary team shall assess whether the person meets the definition of a sexually violent predator. If the multidisciplinary team determines that the person does not meet the definition of a sexually violent predator, that person shall be immediately released. If the multidisciplinary team determines that the person meets the definition of a sexually violent predator, the team shall provide the state attorney, as designated by s. 394.913, with its written assessment and recommendation within the 72-hour period or, if the 72-hour period ends on a weekend or holiday, within the next working day thereafter.

(3)  Within 48 hours after receipt of the written assessment and recommendation from the multidisciplinary team, the state attorney, as designated in s. 394.913, may file a petition with the circuit court alleging that the person is a sexually violent predator and stating facts sufficient to support such allegation. If a petition is not filed within 48 hours after receipt of the written assessment and recommendation by the state attorney, the person shall be immediately released. If a petition is filed pursuant to this section and the judge determines that there is probable cause to believe that the person is a sexually violent predator, the judge shall order the person be maintained in custody and held in an appropriate secure facility for further proceedings in accordance with this part.

(4)  The provisions of this section are not jurisdictional, and failure to comply with the time limitations, which results in the release of a person who has been convicted of a sexually violent offense, is not dispositive of the case and does not prevent the state attorney from proceeding against a person otherwise subject to the provisions of this part.

History.--s. 7, ch. 99-222.

394.914  Petition; contents.--Following receipt of the written assessment and recommendation from the multidisciplinary team, the state attorney, in accordance with s. 394.913, may file a petition with the circuit court alleging that the person is a sexually violent predator and stating facts sufficient to support such allegation. No fee shall be charged for the filing of a petition under this section.

History.--s. 6, ch. 98-64; s. 8, ch. 99-222.

Note.--Former s. 916.34.

394.915  Determination of probable cause; hearing; evaluation; respondent taken into custody; bail.--

(1)  When the state attorney files a petition seeking to have a person declared a sexually violent predator, the judge shall determine whether probable cause exists to believe that the person named in the petition is a sexually violent predator. If the judge determines that there is probable cause to believe that the person is a sexually violent predator, the judge shall order that the person remain in custody and be immediately transferred to an appropriate secure facility if the person's incarcerative sentence expires.

(2)  Upon the expiration of the incarcerative sentence and before the release from custody of a person whom the multidisciplinary team recommends for civil commitment, but after the state attorney files a petition under s. 394.914, the court may conduct an adversarial probable cause hearing if it determines such hearing is necessary. The court shall only consider whether to have an adversarial probable cause hearing in cases where the failure to begin a trial is not the result of any delay caused by the respondent. The person shall be provided with notice of, and an opportunity to appear in person at, an adversarial hearing. At this hearing, the judge shall:

(a)  Receive evidence and hear argument from the person and the state attorney; and

(b)  Determine whether probable cause exists to believe that the person is a sexually violent predator.

(3)  At the adversarial probable cause hearing, the person has the right to:

(a)  Be represented by counsel;

(b)  Present evidence;

(c)  Cross-examine any witnesses who testify against the person; and

(d)  View and copy all petitions and reports in the court file.

(4)  If the court again concludes that there is probable cause to believe that the person is a sexually violent predator, the court shall order that the person be held in an appropriate secure facility upon the expiration of his or her incarcerative sentence.

(5)  After a court finds probable cause to believe that the person is a sexually violent predator, the person must be held in custody in a secure facility without opportunity for pretrial release or release during the trial proceedings.

History.--s. 7, ch. 98-64; s. 9, ch. 99-222.

Note.--Former s. 916.35.

394.9151  Contract authority.--The Department of Children and Family Services may contract with a private entity or state agency for use of and operation of facilities to comply with the requirements of this act. The Department of Children and Family Services may also contract with the Department of Management Services to issue a request for proposals and monitor contract compliance for these services.

History.--s. 22, ch. 98-64; s. 3, ch. 2004-248.

394.9155  Rules of procedure and evidence.--In all civil commitment proceedings for sexually violent predators under this part, the following shall apply:

(1)  The Florida Rules of Civil Procedure apply unless otherwise specified in this part.

(2)  The Florida Rules of Evidence apply unless otherwise specified in this part.

(3)  The psychotherapist-patient privilege under s. 90.503 does not exist or apply for communications relevant to an issue in proceedings to involuntarily commit a person under this part.

(4)  The court may consider evidence of prior behavior by a person who is subject to proceedings under this part if such evidence is relevant to proving that the person is a sexually violent predator.

(5)  Hearsay evidence, including reports of a member of the multidisciplinary team or reports produced on behalf of the multidisciplinary team, is admissible in proceedings under this part unless the court finds that such evidence is not reliable. In a trial, however, hearsay evidence may not be used as the sole basis for committing a person under this part.

(6)  Rules adopted under s. 394.930 shall not constitute:

(a)  An evidentiary predicate for the admission of any physical evidence or testimony;

(b)  A basis for excluding or otherwise limiting the presentation of any physical evidence or testimony in judicial proceedings under this part; or

(c)  Elements of the cause of action that the state needs to allege or prove in judicial proceedings under this part.

(7)  If the person who is subject to proceedings under this part refuses to be interviewed by or fully cooperate with members of the multidisciplinary team or any state mental health expert, the court may, in its discretion:

(a)  Order the person to allow members of the multidisciplinary team and any state mental health experts to review all mental health reports, tests, and evaluations by the person's mental health expert or experts; or

(b)  Prohibit the person's mental health experts from testifying concerning mental health tests, evaluations, or examinations of the person.

The failure of any party to comply with such rules shall not constitute a defense in any judicial proceedings under this part.

History.--s. 10, ch. 99-222.

394.916  Trial; counsel and experts; indigent persons; jury.--

(1)  Within 30 days after the determination of probable cause, the court shall conduct a trial to determine whether the person is a sexually violent predator.

(2)  The trial may be continued upon the request of either party and a showing of good cause, or by the court on its own motion in the interests of justice, when the person will not be substantially prejudiced.

(3)  At all adversarial proceedings under this act, the person subject to this act is entitled to the assistance of counsel, and, if the person is indigent, the court shall appoint the public defender or, if a conflict exists, other counsel to assist the person.

(4)  If the person is subjected to a mental health examination under this part, the person also may retain experts or mental health professionals to perform an examination. If the person wishes to be examined by a professional of the person's own choice, the examiner must be provided reasonable access to the person, as well as to all relevant medical and mental health records and reports. In the case of a person who is indigent, the court, upon the person's request, shall determine whether such an examination is necessary. If the court determines that an examination is necessary, the court shall appoint a mental health professional and determine the reasonable compensation for the professional's services, which shall be paid by the state.

(5)  The person or the state attorney has the right to demand that the trial be before a jury of six members. A demand for a jury trial must be filed, in writing, at least 5 days before the trial. If no demand is made, the trial shall be to the court.

History.--s. 8, ch. 98-64; s. 11, ch. 99-222.

Note.--Former s. 916.36.

394.917  Determination; commitment procedure; mistrials; housing; counsel and costs in indigent appellate cases.--

(1)  The court or jury shall determine by clear and convincing evidence whether the person is a sexually violent predator. If the determination is made by a jury, the verdict must be unanimous. If the jury is unable to reach a unanimous verdict, the court must declare a mistrial and poll the jury. If a majority of the jury would find the person is a sexually violent predator, the state attorney may refile the petition and proceed according to the provisions of this part. Any retrial must occur within 90 days after the previous trial, unless the subsequent proceeding is continued in accordance with s. 394.916(2). The determination that a person is a sexually violent predator may be appealed.

(2)  If the court or jury determines that the person is a sexually violent predator, upon the expiration of the incarcerative portion of all criminal sentences and disposition of any detainers other than detainers for deportation by the United States Bureau of Citizenship and Immigration Services, the person shall be committed to the custody of the Department of Children and Family Services for control, care, and treatment until such time as the person's mental abnormality or personality disorder has so changed that it is safe for the person to be at large. At all times, persons who are detained or committed under this part shall be kept in a secure facility segregated from patients of the department who are not detained or committed under this part.

(3)  The public defender of the circuit in which a person was determined to be a sexually violent predator shall be appointed to represent the person on appeal. That public defender may request the public defender who handles criminal appeals for the circuit to represent the person on appeal in the manner provided in s. 27.51(4). If the public defender is unable to represent the person on appeal due to a conflict, the court shall appoint other counsel, who shall be compensated at a rate not less than that provided for appointed counsel in criminal cases. Filing fees for indigent appeals under this act are waived. Costs and fees related to such appeals, including the amounts paid for records, transcripts, and compensation of appointed counsel, shall be authorized by the trial court and paid from state funds that are appropriated for such purposes.

History.--s. 9, ch. 98-64; s. 12, ch. 99-222; s. 2, ch. 2002-59; s. 43, ch. 2004-5.

Note.--Former s. 916.37.

394.918  Examinations; notice; court hearings for release of committed persons; burden of proof.--

(1)  A person committed under this part shall have an examination of his or her mental condition once every year or more frequently at the court's discretion. The person may retain or, if the person is indigent and so requests, the court may appoint, a qualified professional to examine the person. Such a professional shall have access to all records concerning the person. The results of the examination shall be provided to the court that committed the person under this part. Upon receipt of the report, the court shall conduct a review of the person's status.

(2)  The department shall provide the person with annual written notice of the person's right to petition the court for release over the objection of the director of the facility where the person is housed. The notice must contain a waiver of rights. The director of the facility shall forward the notice and waiver form to the court.

(3)  The court shall hold a limited hearing to determine whether there is probable cause to believe that the person's condition has so changed that it is safe for the person to be at large and that the person will not engage in acts of sexual violence if discharged. The person has the right to be represented by counsel at the probable cause hearing, but the person is not entitled to be present. If the court determines that there is probable cause to believe it is safe to release the person, the court shall set a trial before the court on the issue.

(4)  At the trial before the court, the person is entitled to be present and is entitled to the benefit of all constitutional protections afforded the person at the initial trial, except for the right to a jury. The state attorney shall represent the state and has the right to have the person examined by professionals chosen by the state. At the hearing, the state bears the burden of proving, by clear and convincing evidence, that the person's mental condition remains such that it is not safe for the person to be at large and that, if released, the person is likely to engage in acts of sexual violence.

History.--s. 10, ch. 98-64; s. 13, ch. 99-222.

Note.--Former s. 916.38.

394.919  Authorized petition for release; procedure.--

(1)  If the secretary or the secretary's designee at any time determines that the person is not likely to commit acts of sexual violence if discharged, the secretary or the secretary's designee shall authorize the person to petition the court for release. The petition shall be served upon the court and the state attorney. The court, upon receipt of such a petition, shall order a trial before the court within 30 days, unless continued for good cause.

(2)  The state attorney shall represent the state, and has the right to have the person examined by professionals of the state attorney's choice. The state bears the burden of proving, by clear and convincing evidence, that the person's mental condition remains such that it is not safe for the person to be at large and that, if released, the person is likely to engage in acts of sexual violence.

History.--s. 11, ch. 98-64; s. 14, ch. 99-222.

Note.--Former s. 916.39.

394.920  Petition for release.--A person is not prohibited from filing a petition for discharge at any time after commitment under this part. However, if the person has previously filed such a petition without the approval of the secretary or the secretary's designee and the court determined that the petition was without merit, a subsequent petition shall be denied unless the petition contains facts upon which a court could find that the person's condition has so changed that a probable cause hearing is warranted.

History.--s. 12, ch. 98-64; s. 15, ch. 99-222.

Note.--Former s. 916.40.

394.921  Release of records to agencies, multidisciplinary teams, and state attorney.--

(1)  In order to protect the public, relevant information and records that are otherwise confidential or privileged shall be released to the agency with jurisdiction, to a multidisciplinary team, or to the state attorney for the purpose of meeting the notice requirements of this part and determining whether a person is or continues to be a sexually violent predator. A person, agency, or entity receiving information under this section which is confidential and exempt from the provisions of s. 119.07(1) must maintain the confidentiality of that information. Such information does not lose its confidential status due to its release under this section.

(2)  Psychological or psychiatric reports, drug and alcohol reports, treatment records, medical records, or victim impact statements that have been submitted to the court or admitted into evidence under this part shall be part of the record but shall be sealed and may be opened only pursuant to a court order.

History.--s. 13, ch. 98-64; s. 16, ch. 99-222.

Note.--Former s. 916.41.

394.9215  Right to habeas corpus.--

(1)(a)  At any time after exhausting all administrative remedies, a person held in a secure facility under this part may file a petition for habeas corpus in the circuit court for the county in which the facility is located alleging that:

1.  The person's conditions of confinement violate a statutory right under state law or a constitutional right under the State Constitution or the United States Constitution; or

2.  The facility in which the person is confined is not an appropriate secure facility, as that term is used in s. 394.915.

(b)  Upon filing a legally sufficient petition stating a prima facie case under paragraph (a), the court may direct the Department of Children and Family Services to file a response. If necessary, the court may conduct an evidentiary proceeding and issue an order to correct a violation of state or federal rights found to exist by the court. A final order entered under this section may be appealed to the district court of appeal. A nonfinal order may be appealed to the extent provided by the Florida Rules of Appellate Procedure. An appeal by the department shall stay the trial court's order until disposition of the appeal.

(2)  Any claim referred to in subsection (1) may be asserted only as provided in this section. No claim referred to in subsection (1) shall be considered in commitment proceedings brought under this part. A person does not have a right to appointed counsel in any proceeding initiated under this section.

(3)  Relief granted on a petition filed under this section must be narrowly drawn and may not exceed that which is minimally necessary to correct, in the least intrusive manner possible, the violation of the state or federal rights of a particular petitioner. A court considering a petition under this section must give substantial weight to whether the granting of relief would adversely impact the operation of the detention and treatment facility or would adversely impact public safety.

(4)  The court may not enter an order releasing a person from secure detention unless the court expressly finds that no relief short of release will remedy the violation of state or federal rights which is found to have occurred.

History.--s. 1, ch. 2002-36.

394.922  Constitutional requirements.--The long-term control, care, and treatment of a person committed under this part must conform to constitutional requirements.

History.--s. 14, ch. 98-64; s. 17, ch. 99-222.

Note.--Former s. 916.42.

394.923  Immunity from civil liability.--The agency with jurisdiction and its officers and employees; the department and its officers and employees; members of the multidisciplinary team; the state attorney and the state attorney's employees; the Department of Legal Affairs and its officers and employees; and those involved in the evaluation, care, and treatment of sexually violent persons committed under this part are immune from any civil liability for good faith conduct under this part.

History.--s. 15, ch. 98-64; s. 18, ch. 99-222; s. 2, ch. 2002-36.

Note.--Former s. 916.43.

394.924  Severability.--If any section, subsection, or provision of this part is held to be unconstitutional or invalid by a court of competent jurisdiction, the remaining portions of this part shall be unaffected because the Legislature declares that the provisions of this part are severable from each other.

History.--s. 16, ch. 98-64; s. 19, ch. 99-222.

Note.--Former s. 916.44.

394.925  Applicability of act.--This part applies to all persons currently in custody who have been convicted of a sexually violent offense, as that term is defined in s. 394.912(9), as well as to all persons convicted of a sexually violent offense and sentenced to total confinement in the future.

History.--s. 17, ch. 98-64; s. 20, ch. 99-222.

Note.--Former s. 916.45.

394.926  Notice to victims of release of persons committed as sexually violent predators; notice to Department of Corrections and Parole Commission.--

(1)  As soon as is practicable, the department shall give written notice of the release of a person committed as a sexually violent predator to any victim of the committed person who is alive and whose address is known to the department or, if the victim is deceased, to the victim's family, if the family's address is known to the department. Failure to notify is not a reason for postponement of release. This section does not create a cause of action against the state or an employee of the state acting within the scope of the employee's employment as a result of the failure to notify pursuant to this part.

(2)  If a sexually violent predator who has an active or pending term of probation, community control, parole, conditional release, or other court-ordered or postprison release supervision is released from custody, the department must immediately notify the Department of Corrections' Office of Community Corrections in Tallahassee. The Parole Commission must also be immediately notified of any releases of a sexually violent predator who has an active or pending term of parole, conditional release, or other postprison release supervision that is administered by the Parole Commission.

History.--s. 18, ch. 98-64; s. 21, ch. 99-222.

Note.--Former s. 916.46.

394.927  Escape while in lawful custody; notice to victim; notice to the Department of Corrections and Parole Commission.--

(1)  A person who is held in lawful custody pursuant to a judicial finding of probable cause under s. 394.915 or pursuant to a commitment as a sexually violent predator under s. 394.916 and who escapes or attempts to escape while in such custody commits a felony of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.

(2)  If a person who is held in custody pursuant to a finding of probable cause or commitment as a sexually violent predator escapes while in custody, the department shall immediately notify the victim in accordance with s. 394.926. The state attorney that filed the petition for civil commitment of the escapee must also be immediately notified by the department. If the escapee has an active or pending term of probation, community control, parole, conditional release, or other court-ordered or postprison release supervision, the department shall also immediately notify the Department of Corrections' Office of Community Corrections in Tallahassee. The Parole Commission shall also be immediately notified of an escape if the escapee has an active or pending term of parole, conditional release, or other postprison release supervision that is administered by the Parole Commission.

History.--s. 19, ch. 98-64; s. 22, ch. 99-222.

Note.--Former s. 916.47.

394.928  Subsistence fees and costs of treatment.--

(1)  In recognition of the fact that persons committed under this part may have sources of income and assets, which may include bank accounts, inheritances, real estate, social security payments, veteran's payments, and other types of financial resources, and in recognition of the fact that the daily subsistence cost and costs of treatment of persons committed under this part are a burden on the taxpayers of the state, each person so committed shall:

(a)  Upon order of the court committing the person, disclose all revenue or assets to the department.

(b)  Pay from such income and assets, except where such income is exempt by state or federal law, all or a fair portion of the person's daily subsistence and treatment costs, based upon the person's ability to pay, the liability or potential liability of the person to the victim or the guardian or the estate of the victim, and the needs of his or her dependents.

(2)(a)  Any person who is directed to pay all or a fair portion of daily subsistence and treatment costs is entitled to reasonable advance notice of the assessment and shall be afforded an opportunity to present reasons for opposition to the assessment.

(b)  An order directing payment of all or a fair portion of a person's daily subsistence costs may survive against the estate of the person.

History.--s. 20, ch. 98-64; s. 23, ch. 99-222.

Note.--Former s. 916.48.

394.929  Program costs.--The Department of Children and Family Services is responsible for all costs relating to the evaluation and treatment of persons committed to the department's custody as sexually violent predators. A county is not obligated to fund costs for psychological examinations, expert witnesses, court-appointed counsel, or other costs required by this part. Other costs for psychological examinations, expert witnesses, and court-appointed counsel required by this part shall be paid from state funds appropriated by general law.

History.--s. 21, ch. 98-64; s. 24, ch. 99-222; s. 3, ch. 2002-59.

Note.--Former s. 916.49.

394.930  Authority to adopt rules.--The Department of Children and Family Services shall adopt rules for:

(1)  Procedures that must be followed by members of the multidisciplinary teams when assessing and evaluating persons subject to this part;

(2)  Education and training requirements for members of the multidisciplinary teams and professionals who assess and evaluate persons under this part;

(3)  The criteria that must exist in order for a multidisciplinary team to recommend to a state attorney that a petition should be filed to involuntarily commit a person under this part. The criteria shall include, but are not limited to, whether:

(a)  The person has a propensity to engage in future acts of sexual violence;

(b)  The person should be placed in a secure, residential facility; and

(c)  The person needs long-term treatment and care.

(4)  The designation of secure facilities for sexually violent predators who are subject to involuntary commitment under this part;

(5)  The components of the basic treatment plan for all committed persons under this part;

(6)  The protocol to inform a person that he or she is being examined to determine whether he or she is a sexually violent predator under this part.

History.--s. 25, ch. 99-222; s. 82, ch. 2000-139.

394.931  Quarterly reports.--Beginning July 1, 1999, the Department of Corrections shall collect information and compile quarterly reports with statistics profiling inmates released the previous quarter who fit the criteria and were referred to the Department of Children and Family Services pursuant to this act. The quarterly reports must be produced beginning October 1, 1999. At a minimum, the information that must be collected and compiled for inclusion in the reports includes: whether the qualifying offense was the current offense or the prior offense; the most serious sexual offense; the total number of distinct victims of the sexual offense; whether the victim was known to the offender; whether the sexual act was consensual; whether the sexual act involved multiple victims; whether direct violence was involved in the sexual offense; the age of each victim at the time of the offense; the age of the offender at the time of the first sexual offense; whether a weapon was used; length of time since the most recent sexual offense; and the total number of prior and current sexual-offense convictions. In addition, the Department of Children and Family Services shall implement a long-term study to determine the overall efficacy of the provisions of this part.

History.--s. 26, ch. 99-222; s. 83, ch. 2000-139.