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2024 Florida Statutes
Chapter 212
TAX ON SALES, USE, AND OTHER TRANSACTIONS
TAX ON SALES, USE, AND OTHER TRANSACTIONS
CHAPTER 212
TAX ON SALES, USE, AND OTHER TRANSACTIONS
212.01 Short title.
212.02 Definitions.
212.03 Transient rentals tax; rate, procedure, enforcement, exemptions.
212.0305 Convention development taxes; intent; administration; authorization; use of proceeds.
212.03055 Super majority vote required for levy at rate in excess of 2 percent under ch. 95-290.
212.0306 Local option food and beverage tax; procedure for levying; authorized uses; administration.
212.031 Tax on rental or license fee for use of real property.
212.04 Admissions tax; rate, procedure, enforcement.
212.05 Sales, storage, use tax.
212.0501 Tax on diesel fuel for business purposes; purchase, storage, and use.
212.05011 Combined rate for tax collected pursuant to ss. 203.01(1)(b)4. and 212.05(1)(e)1.c.
212.0506 Taxation of service warranties.
212.051 Equipment, machinery, and other materials for pollution control; not subject to sales or use tax.
212.0515 Sales from vending machines; sales to vending machine operators; special provisions; registration; penalties.
212.052 Research or development costs; exemption.
212.054 Discretionary sales surtax; limitations, administration, and collection.
212.055 Discretionary sales surtaxes; legislative intent; authorization and use of proceeds.
212.0596 Taxation of remote sales.
212.05965 Taxation of marketplace sales.
212.0597 Maximum tax on fractional aircraft ownership interests.
212.0598 Special provisions; air carriers.
212.06 Sales, storage, use tax; collectible from dealers; “dealer” defined; dealers to collect from purchasers; legislative intent as to scope of tax.
212.0601 Use taxes of vehicle dealers.
212.0602 Education; limited exemption.
212.0606 Rental car surcharge.
212.07 Sales, storage, use tax; tax added to purchase price; dealer not to absorb; liability of purchasers who cannot prove payment of the tax; penalties; general exemptions.
212.08 Sales, rental, use, consumption, distribution, and storage tax; specified exemptions.
212.0801 Qualified aircraft exemption.
212.081 Legislative intent.
212.0821 Legislative intent that political subdivisions and public libraries use their sales tax exemption certificates for purchases on behalf of specified groups.
212.084 Review of exemption certificates; reissuance; specified expiration date; temporary exemption certificates.
212.085 Fraudulent claim of exemption; penalties.
212.09 Trade-ins deducted; exception.
212.096 Sales, rental, storage, use tax; enterprise zone jobs credit against sales tax.
212.097 Urban High-Crime Area Job Tax Credit Program.
212.098 Rural Job Tax Credit Program.
212.099 Credit for contributions to eligible nonprofit scholarship-funding organizations.
212.11 Tax returns and regulations.
212.12 Dealer’s credit for collecting tax; penalties for noncompliance; powers of Department of Revenue in dealing with delinquents; rounding; records required.
212.13 Records required to be kept; power to inspect; audit procedure.
212.133 Information reports required for sales of alcoholic beverages and tobacco products.
212.134 Information returns relating to payment-card and third party network transactions.
212.14 Departmental powers; hearings; distress warrants; bonds; subpoenas and subpoenas duces tecum.
212.15 Taxes declared state funds; penalties for failure to remit taxes; due and delinquent dates; judicial review.
212.151 Jurisdiction of suits for violation of Florida Revenue Act of 1949; collection of tax; service on retailers, dealers or vendors not qualified to do business in state.
212.16 Importation of goods; permits; seizure for noncompliance; procedure; review.
212.17 Tax credits or refunds.
212.18 Administration of law; registration of dealers; rules.
212.181 Determination of business address situs, distributions, and adjustments.
212.183 Rules for self-accrual of sales tax.
212.1831 Credit for contributions to eligible nonprofit scholarship-funding organizations.
212.1832 Credit for contributions to eligible nonprofit scholarship-funding organizations.
212.1833 Credit for contributions to the New Worlds Reading Initiative.
212.1834 Credit for contributions to eligible charitable organizations.
212.1835 Child care tax credits.
212.184 Rule of construction; disclosure of privileged information.
212.185 Sales tax hotline.
212.186 Registration number and resale certificate verification; toll-free number; information system; dealer education.
212.19 All state agencies to cooperate in administration of law.
212.20 Funds collected, disposition; additional powers of department; operational expense; refund of taxes adjudicated unconstitutionally collected.
212.202 Renaming and continuation of certain funds.
212.205 Sales tax distribution reporting.
212.21 Declaration of legislative intent.
212.211 Savings provision.
212.01 Short title.—This chapter shall be known as the “Florida Revenue Act of 1949” and the taxes imposed herein shall be in addition to all other taxes imposed by law.
History.—s. 1, ch. 26319, 1949.
212.02 Definitions.—The following terms and phrases when used in this chapter have the meanings ascribed to them in this section, except where the context clearly indicates a different meaning:
(1) The term “admissions” means and includes the net sum of money after deduction of any federal taxes for admitting a person or vehicle or persons to any place of amusement, sport, or recreation or for the privilege of entering or staying in any place of amusement, sport, or recreation, including, but not limited to, theaters, outdoor theaters, shows, exhibitions, games, races, or any place where charge is made by way of sale of tickets, gate charges, seat charges, box charges, season pass charges, cover charges, greens fees, participation fees, entrance fees, or other fees or receipts of anything of value measured on an admission or entrance or length of stay or seat box accommodations in any place where there is any exhibition, amusement, sport, or recreation, and all dues and fees paid to private clubs and membership clubs providing recreational or physical fitness facilities, including, but not limited to, golf, tennis, swimming, yachting, boating, athletic, exercise, and fitness facilities, except physical fitness facilities owned or operated by any hospital licensed under chapter 395.
(2) “Business” means any activity engaged in by any person, or caused to be engaged in by him or her, with the object of private or public gain, benefit, or advantage, either direct or indirect. Except for the sales of any aircraft, boat, mobile home, or motor vehicle, the term “business” shall not be construed in this chapter to include occasional or isolated sales or transactions involving tangible personal property or services by a person who does not hold himself or herself out as engaged in business or sales of unclaimed tangible personal property under s. 717.122, but includes other charges for the sale or rental of tangible personal property, sales of services taxable under this chapter, sales of or charges of admission, communication services, all rentals and leases of living quarters, other than low-rent housing operated under chapter 421, sleeping or housekeeping accommodations in hotels, apartment houses, roominghouses, tourist or trailer camps, and all rentals of or licenses in real property, other than low-rent housing operated under chapter 421, all leases or rentals of or licenses in parking lots or garages for motor vehicles, docking or storage spaces for boats in boat docks or marinas as defined in this chapter and made subject to a tax imposed by this chapter. The term “business” shall not be construed in this chapter to include the leasing, subleasing, or licensing of real property by one corporation to another if all of the stock of both such corporations is owned, directly or through one or more wholly owned subsidiaries, by a common parent corporation; the property was in use prior to July 1, 1989, title to the property was transferred after July 1, 1988, and before July 1, 1989, between members of an affiliated group, as defined in s. 1504(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, which group included both such corporations and there is no substantial change in the use of the property following the transfer of title; the leasing, subleasing, or licensing of the property was required by an unrelated lender as a condition of providing financing to one or more members of the affiliated group; and the corporation to which the property is leased, subleased, or licensed had sales subject to the tax imposed by this chapter of not less than $667 million during the most recent 12-month period ended June 30. Any tax on such sales, charges, rentals, admissions, or other transactions made subject to the tax imposed by this chapter shall be collected by the state, county, municipality, any political subdivision, agency, bureau, or department, or other state or local governmental instrumentality in the same manner as other dealers, unless specifically exempted by this chapter.
(3) The terms “cigarettes,” “tobacco,” or “tobacco products” referred to in this chapter include all such products as are defined or may be hereafter defined by the laws of the state.
(4) “Cost price” means the actual cost of articles of tangible personal property without any deductions therefrom on account of the cost of materials used, labor or service costs, transportation charges, or any expenses whatsoever.
(5) The term “department” means the Department of Revenue.
(6) “Enterprise zone” means an area of the state designated pursuant to s. 290.0065. This subsection expires on the date specified in s. 290.016 for the expiration of the Florida Enterprise Zone Act.
(7) “Factory-built building” means a structure manufactured in a manufacturing facility for installation or erection as a finished building; “factory-built building” includes, but is not limited to, residential, commercial, institutional, storage, and industrial structures.
(8) “In this state” or “in the state” means within the state boundaries of Florida as defined in s. 1, Art. II of the State Constitution and includes all territory within these limits owned by or ceded to the United States.
(9) The term “intoxicating beverages” or “alcoholic beverages” referred to in this chapter includes all such beverages as are so defined or may be hereafter defined by the laws of the state.
(10) “Lease,” “let,” or “rental” means leasing or renting of living quarters or sleeping or housekeeping accommodations in hotels, apartment houses, roominghouses, tourist or trailer camps and real property, the same being defined as follows:
(a) Every building or other structure kept, used, maintained, or advertised as, or held out to the public to be, a place where sleeping accommodations are supplied for pay to transient or permanent guests or tenants, in which 10 or more rooms are furnished for the accommodation of such guests, and having one or more dining rooms or cafes where meals or lunches are served to such transient or permanent guests; such sleeping accommodations and dining rooms or cafes being conducted in the same building or buildings in connection therewith, shall, for the purpose of this chapter, be deemed a hotel.
(b) Any building, or part thereof, where separate accommodations for two or more families living independently of each other are supplied to transient or permanent guests or tenants shall for the purpose of this chapter be deemed an apartment house.
(c) Every house, boat, vehicle, motor court, trailer court, or other structure or any place or location kept, used, maintained, or advertised as, or held out to the public to be, a place where living quarters or sleeping or housekeeping accommodations are supplied for pay to transient or permanent guests or tenants, whether in one or adjoining buildings, shall for the purpose of this chapter be deemed a roominghouse.
(d) In all hotels, apartment houses, and roominghouses within the meaning of this chapter, the parlor, dining room, sleeping porches, kitchen, office, and sample rooms shall be construed to mean “rooms.”
(e) A “tourist camp” is a place where two or more tents, tent houses, or camp cottages are located and offered by a person or municipality for sleeping or eating accommodations, most generally to the transient public for either a direct money consideration or an indirect benefit to the lessor or owner in connection with a related business.
(f) A “trailer camp,” “mobile home park,” or “recreational vehicle park” is a place where space is offered, with or without service facilities, by any persons or municipality to the public for the parking and accommodation of two or more automobile trailers, mobile homes, or recreational vehicles which are used for lodging, for either a direct money consideration or an indirect benefit to the lessor or owner in connection with a related business, such space being hereby defined as living quarters, and the rental price thereof shall include all service charges paid to the lessor.
(g) “Lease,” “let,” or “rental” also means the leasing or rental of tangible personal property and the possession or use thereof by the lessee or rentee for a consideration, without transfer of the title of such property, except as expressly provided to the contrary herein. The term “lease,” “let,” or “rental” does not mean hourly, daily, or mileage charges, to the extent that such charges are subject to the jurisdiction of the 1United States Interstate Commerce Commission, when such charges are paid by reason of the presence of railroad cars owned by another on the tracks of the taxpayer, or charges made pursuant to car service agreements. The term “lease,” “let,” “rental,” or “license” does not include payments made to an owner of high-voltage bulk transmission facilities in connection with the possession or control of such facilities by a regional transmission organization, independent system operator, or similar entity under the jurisdiction of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. However, where two taxpayers, in connection with the interchange of facilities, rent or lease property, each to the other, for use in providing or furnishing any of the services mentioned in s. 166.231, the term “lease or rental” means only the net amount of rental involved.
(h) “Real property” means the surface land, improvements thereto, and fixtures, and is synonymous with “realty” and “real estate.”
(i) “License,” as used in this chapter with reference to the use of real property, means the granting of a privilege to use or occupy a building or a parcel of real property for any purpose.
(j) Privilege, franchise, or concession fees, or fees for a license to do business, paid to an airport are not payments for leasing, letting, renting, or granting a license for the use of real property.
(11) “Motor fuel” means and includes what is commonly known and sold as gasoline and fuels containing a mixture of gasoline and other products.
(12) “Person” includes any individual, firm, copartnership, joint adventure, association, corporation, estate, trust, business trust, receiver, syndicate, or other group or combination acting as a unit and also includes any political subdivision, municipality, state agency, bureau, or department and includes the plural as well as the singular number.
(13) “Retailer” means and includes every person engaged in the business of making sales at retail or for distribution, or use, or consumption, or storage to be used or consumed in this state.
(14)(a) “Retail sale” or a “sale at retail” means a sale to a consumer or to any person for any purpose other than for resale in the form of tangible personal property or services taxable under this chapter, and includes all such transactions that may be made in lieu of retail sales or sales at retail. A sale for resale includes a sale of qualifying property. As used in this paragraph, the term “qualifying property” means tangible personal property, other than electricity, which is used or consumed by a government contractor in the performance of a qualifying contract as defined in s. 212.08(17)(c), to the extent that the cost of the property is allocated or charged as a direct item of cost to such contract, title to which property vests in or passes to the government under the contract. The term “government contractor” includes prime contractors and subcontractors. As used in this paragraph, a cost is a “direct item of cost” if it is a “direct cost” as defined in 48 C.F.R. s. 9904.418-30(a)(2), or similar successor provisions, including costs identified specifically with a particular contract.
(b) The terms “retail sales,” “sales at retail,” “use,” “storage,” and “consumption” include the sale, use, storage, or consumption of all tangible advertising materials imported or caused to be imported into this state. Tangible advertising material includes displays, display containers, brochures, catalogs, price lists, point-of-sale advertising, and technical manuals or any tangible personal property which does not accompany the product to the ultimate consumer.
(c) “Retail sales,” “sale at retail,” “use,” “storage,” and “consumption” do not include materials, containers, labels, sacks, bags, or similar items intended to accompany a product sold to a customer without which delivery of the product would be impracticable because of the character of the contents and be used one time only for packaging tangible personal property for sale or for the convenience of the customer or for packaging in the process of providing a service taxable under this chapter. When a separate charge for packaging materials is made, the charge shall be considered part of the sales price or rental charge for purposes of determining the applicability of tax. The terms do not include the sale, use, storage, or consumption of industrial materials, including chemicals and fuels except as provided herein, for future processing, manufacture, or conversion into articles of tangible personal property for resale when such industrial materials, including chemicals and fuels except as provided herein, become a component or ingredient of the finished product. However, the terms include the sale, use, storage, or consumption of tangible personal property, including machinery and equipment or parts thereof, purchased electricity, and fuels used to power machinery, when such items are used and dissipated in fabricating, converting, or processing tangible personal property for sale, even though they may become ingredients or components of the tangible personal property for sale through accident, wear, tear, erosion, corrosion, or similar means. The terms do not include the sale of materials to a registered repair facility for use in repairing a motor vehicle, airplane, or boat, when such materials are incorporated into and sold as part of the repair. Such a sale shall be deemed a purchase for resale by the repair facility, even though every material is not separately stated or separately priced on the repair invoice.
(d) “Gross sales” means the sum total of all sales of tangible personal property as defined herein, without any deduction whatsoever of any kind or character, except as provided in this chapter.
(e) The term “retail sale” includes a remote sale as defined in s. 212.0596(1).
(f) The term “retail sale” includes a sale facilitated through a marketplace as defined in s. 212.05965(1).
(15) “Sale” means and includes:
(a) Any transfer of title or possession, or both, exchange, barter, license, lease, or rental, conditional or otherwise, in any manner or by any means whatsoever, of tangible personal property for a consideration.
(b) The rental of living quarters or sleeping or housekeeping accommodations in hotels, apartment houses or roominghouses, or tourist or trailer camps, as hereinafter defined in this chapter.
(c) The producing, fabricating, processing, printing, or imprinting of tangible personal property for a consideration for consumers who furnish either directly or indirectly the materials used in the producing, fabricating, processing, printing, or imprinting.
(d) The furnishing, preparing, or serving for a consideration of any tangible personal property for consumption on or off the premises of the person furnishing, preparing, or serving such tangible personal property which includes the sale of meals or prepared food by an employer to his or her employees.
(e) A transaction whereby the possession of property is transferred but the seller retains title as security for the payment of the price.
(16) “Sales price” means the total amount paid for tangible personal property, including any services that are a part of the sale, valued in money, whether paid in money or otherwise, and includes any amount for which credit is given to the purchaser by the seller, without any deduction therefrom on account of the cost of the property sold, the cost of materials used, labor or service cost, interest charged, losses, or any other expense whatsoever. “Sales price” also includes the consideration for a transaction which requires both labor and material to alter, remodel, maintain, adjust, or repair tangible personal property. Trade-ins or discounts allowed and taken at the time of sale shall not be included within the purview of this subsection. “Sales price” also includes the full face value of any coupon used by a purchaser to reduce the price paid to a retailer for an item of tangible personal property; where the retailer will be reimbursed for such coupon, in whole or in part, by the manufacturer of the item of tangible personal property; or whenever it is not practicable for the retailer to determine, at the time of sale, the extent to which reimbursement for the coupon will be made. The term “sales price” does not include federal excise taxes imposed upon the retailer on the sale of tangible personal property. The term “sales price” does include federal manufacturers’ excise taxes, even if the federal tax is listed as a separate item on the invoice. To the extent required by federal law, the term “sales price” does not include charges for Internet access services which are not itemized on the customer’s bill, but which can be reasonably identified from the selling dealer’s books and records kept in the regular course of business. The dealer may support the allocation of charges with books and records kept in the regular course of business covering the dealer’s entire service area, including territories outside this state.
(17) “Diesel fuel” means any liquid product, gas product, or combination thereof used in an internal combustion engine or motor to propel any form of vehicle, machine, or mechanical contrivance. This term includes, but is not limited to, all forms of fuel commonly or commercially known or sold as diesel fuel or kerosene. However, the term “diesel fuel” does not include butane gas, propane gas, or any other form of liquefied petroleum gas or compressed natural gas.
(18) “Storage” means and includes any keeping or retention in this state of tangible personal property for use or consumption in this state or for any purpose other than sale at retail in the regular course of business.
(19) “Tangible personal property” means and includes personal property which may be seen, weighed, measured, or touched or is in any manner perceptible to the senses, including electric power or energy, boats, motor vehicles and mobile homes as defined in s. 320.01(1) and (2), aircraft as defined in s. 330.27, and all other types of vehicles. The term “tangible personal property” does not include stocks, bonds, notes, insurance, or other obligations or securities or pari-mutuel tickets sold or issued under the racing laws of the state.
(20) “Use” means and includes the exercise of any right or power over tangible personal property incident to the ownership thereof, or interest therein, except that it does not include the sale at retail of that property in the regular course of business. The term “use” does not include the loan of an automobile by a motor vehicle dealer to a high school for use in its driver education and safety program. The term “use” does not include a contractor’s use of “qualifying property” as defined by paragraph (14)(a).
(21) The term “use tax” referred to in this chapter includes the use, the consumption, the distribution, and the storage as herein defined.
(22) “Spaceport activities” means activities directed or sponsored by Space Florida on spaceport territory pursuant to its powers and responsibilities under the Space Florida Act.
(23) “Space flight” means any flight designed for suborbital, orbital, or interplanetary travel of a space vehicle, satellite, or station of any kind.
(24) “Coin-operated amusement machine” means any machine operated by coin, slug, token, coupon, or similar device for the purposes of entertainment or amusement. The term includes, but is not limited to, coin-operated pinball machines, music machines, juke boxes, mechanical games, video games, arcade games, billiard tables, moving picture viewers, shooting galleries, and all other similar amusement devices.
(25) “Sea trial” means a voyage for the purpose of testing repair or modification work, which is in length and scope reasonably necessary to test repairs or modifications, or a voyage for the purpose of ascertaining the seaworthiness of a vessel. If the sea trial is to test repair or modification work, the owner or repair facility shall certify, in a form required by the department, what repairs have been tested. The owner and the repair facility may also be required to certify that the length and scope of the voyage were reasonably necessary to test the repairs or modifications.
(26) “Solar energy system” means the equipment and requisite hardware that provide and are used for collecting, transferring, converting, storing, or using incident solar energy for water heating, space heating, cooling, or other applications that would otherwise require the use of a conventional source of energy such as petroleum products, natural gas, manufactured gas, or electricity.
(27) “Agricultural commodity” means horticultural, aquacultural, poultry and farm products, and livestock and livestock products.
(28) “Farmer” means a person who is directly engaged in the business of producing crops, livestock, or other agricultural commodities. The term includes, but is not limited to, horse breeders, nurserymen, dairy farmers, poultry farmers, cattle ranchers, apiarists, and persons raising fish.
(29) “Livestock” includes all animals of the equine, bovine, or swine class, including goats, sheep, mules, horses, hogs, cattle, ostriches, and other grazing animals raised for commercial purposes. The term also includes all aquaculture products, as defined in s. 597.0015 and identified by the Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services pursuant to s. 597.003, raised for commercial purposes.
(30) “Power farm equipment” means moving or stationary equipment that contains within itself the means for its own propulsion or power and moving or stationary equipment that is dependent upon an external power source to perform its functions.
(31) “Forest” means the land stocked by trees of any size used in the production of forest products, or formerly having such tree cover, and not currently developed for nonforest use.
(32) “Agricultural production” means the production of plants and animals useful to humans, including the preparation, planting, cultivating, or harvesting of these products or any other practices necessary to accomplish production through the harvest phase, including storage of raw products on a farm. The term includes aquaculture, horticulture, floriculture, viticulture, forestry, dairy, livestock, poultry, bees, and any and all forms of farm products and farm production.
(33) “Qualified aircraft” means any aircraft having a maximum certified takeoff weight of less than 10,000 pounds and equipped with twin turbofan engines that meet Stage IV noise requirements that is used by a business operating as an on-demand air carrier under Federal Aviation Administration Regulation Title 14, chapter I, part 135, Code of Federal Regulations, that owns or leases and operates a fleet of at least 25 of such aircraft in this state.
(34) “Fractional aircraft ownership program” means a program that meets the requirements of 14 C.F.R. part 91, subpart K, relating to fractional ownership operations, except that the program must include a minimum of 25 aircraft owned or leased by the program manager and used in the program.
History.—s. 2, ch. 26319, 1949; ss. 1-3, ch. 26871, 1951; s. 1, ch. 29883, 1955; s. 13, ch. 59-1; ss. 1-4, ch. 59-288; s. 3, ch. 61-274; s. 1, ch. 63-526; s. 7, ch. 63-253; ss. 1-3, ch. 65-329; s. 5, ch. 65-371; s. 2, ch. 65-420; s. 1, ch. 67-180; ss. 1, 2, ch. 68-27; s. 1, ch. 68-119; ss. 21, 35, ch. 69-106; ss. 1-3, ch. 69-222; s. 1, ch. 70-206; s. 1, ch. 71-360; s. 47, ch. 71-377; s. 2, ch. 71-986; s. 3, ch. 73-240; s. 1, ch. 76-7; s. 1, ch. 77-174; s. 1, ch. 77-412; s. 1, ch. 78-250; ss. 1, 3, ch. 79-339; s. 1, ch. 79-359; s. 1, ch. 80-213; s. 6, ch. 82-75; s. 2, ch. 82-206; s. 1, ch. 83-3; s. 15, ch. 83-138; s. 5, ch. 84-170; s. 2, ch. 84-315; ss. 1, 9, ch. 84-324; s. 1, ch. 84-350; s. 33, ch. 84-356; s. 1, ch. 85-310; ss. 58, 65, ch. 85-342; s. 5, ch. 85-348; s. 64, ch. 86-152; s. 1, ch. 86-166; s. 7, ch. 87-6; s. 12, ch. 87-87; s. 9, ch. 87-101; s. 6, ch. 87-402; s. 1, ch. 87-548; ss. 26, 61, ch. 89-300; s. 8, ch. 90-192; s. 29, ch. 90-203; s. 2, ch. 90-358; ss. 23, 170, ch. 91-112; s. 9, ch. 92-319; s. 41, ch. 94-136; s. 31, ch. 95-146; s. 1491, ch. 95-147; s. 1, ch. 95-232; s. 59, ch. 95-280; s. 1, ch. 95-391; s. 111, ch. 95-417; s. 160, ch. 96-320; s. 17, ch. 97-99; s. 1, ch. 98-140; s. 1, ch. 98-142; s. 1, ch. 98-294; s. 4, ch. 98-342; s. 8, ch. 99-7; s. 12, ch. 99-208; s. 1, ch. 99-273; s. 38, ch. 2000-151; s. 1, ch. 2000-276; s. 9, ch. 2000-308; s. 3, ch. 2002-183; s. 12, ch. 2002-218; s. 142, ch. 2004-390; s. 16, ch. 2005-187; s. 1, ch. 2005-197; s. 20, ch. 2005-287; s. 53, ch. 2006-60; s. 1, ch. 2006-144; s. 17, ch. 2006-312; s. 19, ch. 2007-106; s. 4, ch. 2010-147; s. 11, ch. 2015-221; s. 2, ch. 2021-2.
212.03 Transient rentals tax; rate, procedure, enforcement, exemptions.—
(1)(a) It is hereby declared to be the legislative intent that every person is exercising a taxable privilege who engages in the business of renting, leasing, letting, or granting a license to use any living quarters or sleeping or housekeeping accommodations in, from, or a part of, or in connection with any hotel, apartment house, roominghouse, tourist or trailer camp, mobile home park, recreational vehicle park, condominium, or timeshare resort. However, any person who rents, leases, lets, or grants a license to others to use, occupy, or enter upon any living quarters or sleeping or housekeeping accommodations in any apartment house, roominghouse, tourist camp, trailer camp, mobile home park, recreational vehicle park, condominium, or timeshare resort and who exclusively enters into a bona fide written agreement for continuous residence for longer than 6 months in duration at such property is not exercising a taxable privilege. For the exercise of such taxable privilege, a tax is hereby levied in an amount equal to 6 percent of and on the total rental charged for such living quarters or sleeping or housekeeping accommodations by the person charging or collecting the rental. Such tax shall apply to hotels, apartment houses, roominghouses, tourist or trailer camps, mobile home parks, recreational vehicle parks, condominiums, or timeshare resorts, whether or not these facilities have dining rooms, cafes, or other places where meals or lunches are sold or served to guests.
(b)1. Tax shall be due on the consideration paid for occupancy in the county pursuant to a regulated short-term product, as defined in s. 721.05, or occupancy in the county pursuant to a product that would be deemed a regulated short-term product if the agreement to purchase the short-term right was executed in this state. Such tax shall be collected on the last day of occupancy within the county unless such consideration is applied to the purchase of a timeshare estate. The occupancy of an accommodation of a timeshare resort pursuant to a timeshare plan, a multisite timeshare plan, or an exchange transaction in an exchange program, as defined in s. 721.05, by the owner of a timeshare interest or such owner’s guest, which guest is not paying monetary consideration to the owner or to a third party for the benefit of the owner, is not a privilege subject to taxation under this section. A membership or transaction fee paid by a timeshare owner that does not provide the timeshare owner with the right to occupy any specific timeshare unit but merely provides the timeshare owner with the opportunity to exchange a timeshare interest through an exchange program is a service charge and not subject to taxation under this section.
2. Consideration paid for the purchase of a timeshare license in a timeshare plan, as defined in s. 721.05, is rent subject to taxation under this section.
(2) The tax provided for herein shall be in addition to the total amount of the rental, shall be charged by the lessor or person receiving the rent in and by said rental arrangement to the lessee or person paying the rental, and shall be due and payable at the time of the receipt of such rental payment by the lessor or person, as defined in this chapter, who receives said rental or payment. The owner, lessor, or person receiving the rent shall remit the tax to the department at the times and in the manner hereinafter provided for dealers to remit taxes under this chapter. The same duties imposed by this chapter upon dealers in tangible personal property respecting the collection and remission of the tax; the making of returns; the keeping of books, records, and accounts; and the compliance with the rules and regulations of the department in the administration of this chapter shall apply to and be binding upon all persons who manage or operate hotels, apartment houses, roominghouses, tourist and trailer camps, and the rental of condominium units, and to all persons who collect or receive such rents on behalf of such owner or lessor taxable under this chapter.
(3) When rentals are received by way of property, goods, wares, merchandise, services, or other things of value, the tax shall be at the rate of 6 percent of the value of the property, goods, wares, merchandise, services, or other things of value.
(4) The tax levied by this section shall not apply to, be imposed upon, or collected from any person who shall have entered into a bona fide written lease for longer than 6 months in duration for continuous residence at any one hotel, apartment house, roominghouse, tourist or trailer camp, or condominium, or to any person who shall reside continuously longer than 6 months at any one hotel, apartment house, roominghouse, tourist or trailer camp, or condominium and shall have paid the tax levied by this section for 6 months of residence in any one hotel, roominghouse, apartment house, tourist or trailer camp, or condominium. Notwithstanding other provisions of this chapter, no tax shall be imposed upon rooms provided guests when there is no consideration involved between the guest and the public lodging establishment. Further, any person who, on the effective date of this act, has resided continuously for 6 months at any one hotel, apartment house, roominghouse, tourist or trailer camp, or condominium, or, if less than 6 months, has paid the tax imposed herein until he or she shall have resided continuously for 6 months, shall thereafter be exempt, so long as such person shall continuously reside at such location. The Department of Revenue shall have the power to reform the rental contract for the purposes of this chapter if the rental payments are collected in other than equal daily, weekly, or monthly amounts so as to reflect the actual consideration to be paid in the future for the right of occupancy during the first 6 months.
(5) The tax imposed by this section shall constitute a lien on the property of the lessee or rentee of any sleeping accommodations in the same manner as and shall be collectible as are liens authorized and imposed by ss. 713.68 and 713.69.
(6) The Legislature finds that every person who leases or rents parking or storage spaces for motor vehicles in parking lots or garages, including storage facilities for towed vehicles, who leases or rents docking or storage spaces for boats in boat docks or marinas, or who leases or rents tie-down or storage space for aircraft at airports is engaging in a taxable privilege.
(a) For the exercise of this privilege, a tax is hereby levied at the rate of 6 percent on the total rental charged.
(b) Charges for parking, docking, tie-down, or storage arising from a lawful impoundment are not subject to taxation under this subsection. As used in this paragraph, the term “lawful impoundment” means the storing of or having custody over an aircraft, boat, or motor vehicle by, or at the direction of, a local, state, or federal law enforcement agency which the owner or the owner’s representative is not authorized to enter upon, have access to, or remove without the consent of the law enforcement agency.
(7)(a) Full-time students enrolled in an institution offering postsecondary education and military personnel currently on active duty who reside in the facilities described in subsection (1) shall be exempt from the tax imposed by this section. The department shall be empowered to determine what shall be deemed acceptable proof of full-time enrollment. The exemption contained in this subsection shall apply irrespective of any other provisions of this section. The tax levied by this section shall not apply to or be imposed upon or collected on the basis of rentals to any person who resides in any building or group of buildings intended primarily for lease or rent to persons as their permanent or principal place of residence.
(b) It is the intent of the Legislature that this subsection provide tax relief for persons who rent living accommodations rather than own their homes, while still providing a tax on the rental of lodging facilities that primarily serve transient guests.
(c) The rental of facilities, as defined in s. 212.02(10)(f), which are intended primarily for rental as a principal or permanent place of residence is exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter. The rental of such facilities that primarily serve transient guests is not exempt by this subsection. In the application of this law, or in making any determination against the exemption, the department shall consider the facility as primarily serving transient guests unless the facility owner makes a verified declaration on a form prescribed by the department that more than half of the total rental units available are occupied by tenants who have a continuous residence in excess of 3 months. The owner of a facility declared to be exempt by this paragraph must make a determination of the taxable status of the facility at the end of the owner’s accounting year using any consecutive 3-month period at least one month of which is in the accounting year. The owner must use a selected consecutive 3-month period during each annual redetermination. In the event that an exempt facility no longer qualifies for exemption by this paragraph, the owner must notify the department on a form prescribed by the department by the 20th day of the first month of the owner’s next succeeding accounting year that the facility no longer qualifies for such exemption. The tax levied by this section shall apply to the rental of facilities that no longer qualify for exemption under this paragraph beginning the first day of the owner’s next succeeding accounting year. The provisions of this paragraph do not apply to mobile home lots regulated under chapter 723.
(d) The rental of living accommodations in migrant labor camps is not taxable under this section. “Migrant labor camps” are defined as one or more buildings or structures, tents, trailers, or vehicles, or any portion thereof, together with the land appertaining thereto, established, operated, or used as living quarters for seasonal, temporary, or migrant workers.
History.—s. 3, ch. 26319, 1949; s. 4, ch. 26871, 1951; ss. 2, 3, ch. 29883, 1955; ss. 2, 7, ch. 63-526; s. 7, ch. 63-253; s. 5, ch. 65-371; s. 2, ch. 65-420; s. 3, ch. 68-27; s. 2, ch. 68-119; ss. 4, 5, ch. 69-222; s. 15, ch. 69-353; ss. 21, 35, ch. 69-106; s. 1, ch. 71-986; s. 2, ch. 79-359; s. 1, ch. 82-154; s. 70, ch. 83-217; s. 59, ch. 85-342; s. 2, ch. 87-548; s. 1, ch. 89-362; s. 4, ch. 89-529; s. 7, ch. 94-353; s. 1492, ch. 95-147; s. 2, ch. 98-140; s. 3, ch. 2009-133; s. 2, ch. 2014-40.
212.0305 Convention development taxes; intent; administration; authorization; use of proceeds.—
(1) TITLE.—This section may be cited as the “Convention Development Tax Act.”
(2) LEGISLATIVE INTENT.—No convention development tax on transient rentals shall be imposed by the governing body of any county unless specifically authorized herein. Any tax authorized pursuant to this section shall be administered and collected exclusively as provided herein and may consist of one or more component levies as enumerated in subsection (4). It is the legislative intent that any authorization for imposition of a convention development tax shall be published in the Florida Statutes as a paragraph of subsection (4), irrespective of the duration of the levy. Each enactment shall specify the types of local governments authorized to levy a convention development tax; the rate or rates which may be imposed; the maximum length of time the tax may be imposed, if any; the procedure which must be followed to secure voter approval, if required; the purpose for which the proceeds may be expended; and such other requirements as the Legislature may provide. One of the principal purposes of the convention development tax is to promote tourism and the use of hotel facilities by facilitating the improvement and construction of convention centers. Any municipality or county wherein the convention development tax is levied is specifically authorized to adopt and implement a convention center booking policy to apply to convention centers owned or operated by a municipality or county which gives priority to bookings after July 1, 1993, in accordance with the minimum number of hotel rooms to be utilized in connection with such convention center bookings or in accordance with the impact of such bookings on the convention development tax generated.
(3) APPLICATION; ADMINISTRATION; PENALTIES.—
(a)1. The convention development tax on transient rentals imposed by the governing body of any county authorized to so levy shall apply to the amount of any payment made by any person to rent, lease, or use for a period of 6 months or less any living quarters or accommodations in a hotel, apartment hotel, motel, resort motel, apartment, apartment motel, roominghouse, tourist or trailer camp, mobile home park, recreational vehicle park, condominium, or timeshare resort. When receipt of consideration is by way of property other than money, the tax shall be levied and imposed on the fair market value of such nonmonetary consideration. Any payment made by a person to rent, lease, or use any living quarters or accommodations which are exempt from the tax imposed under s. 212.03 shall likewise be exempt from any tax imposed under this section.
2.a. Tax shall be due on the consideration paid for occupancy in the county pursuant to a regulated short-term product, as defined in s. 721.05, or occupancy in the county pursuant to a product that would be deemed a regulated short-term product if the agreement to purchase the short-term right was executed in this state. Such tax shall be collected on the last day of occupancy within the county unless such consideration is applied to the purchase of a timeshare estate. The occupancy of an accommodation of a timeshare resort pursuant to a timeshare plan, a multisite timeshare plan, or an exchange transaction in an exchange program, as defined in s. 721.05, by the owner of a timeshare interest or such owner’s guest, which guest is not paying monetary consideration to the owner or to a third party for the benefit of the owner, is not a privilege subject to taxation under this section. A membership or transaction fee paid by a timeshare owner that does not provide the timeshare owner with the right to occupy any specific timeshare unit but merely provides the timeshare owner with the opportunity to exchange a timeshare interest through an exchange program is a service charge and not subject to taxation under this section.
b. Consideration paid for the purchase of a timeshare license in a timeshare plan, as defined in s. 721.05, is rent subject to taxation under this section.
(b) The tax shall be charged by the person receiving the consideration for the lease or rental, and the tax shall be collected from the lessee, tenant, or customer at the time of payment of the consideration for such lease or rental.
(c) The person receiving the consideration for such rental or lease shall receive, account for, and remit the tax to the department at the time and in the manner provided for persons who collect and remit taxes under s. 212.03. The same duties and privileges imposed by this chapter upon dealers in tangible property respecting the collection and remission of tax; the making of returns; the keeping of books, records, and accounts; and compliance with the rules of the department in the administration of this chapter apply to and are binding upon all persons who are subject to the provisions of this section. However, the department may authorize a quarterly return and payment when the tax remitted by the dealer for the preceding quarter did not exceed $25.
(d) The department shall keep records showing the amount of taxes collected, which records shall disclose the taxes collected from each county in which a local government resort tax is levied. These records shall be subject to the provisions of s. 213.053 and are confidential and exempt from the provisions of s. 119.07(1).
(e) The collections received by the department from the tax, less costs of administration, shall be paid and returned monthly to the county which imposed the tax, for use by the county as provided in this section. Such receipts shall be placed in a specific trust fund or funds created by the county.
(f) The department shall promulgate such rules and shall prescribe and publish such forms as may be necessary to effectuate the purposes of this section. The department is authorized to establish audit procedures and to assess for delinquent taxes.
(g) The estimated tax provisions contained in s. 212.11 do not apply to the administration of any tax levied under this section.
(h) Any person taxable under this section who, either by himself or herself or through the person’s agents or employees, fails or refuses to charge and collect the taxes herein provided from the person paying any rental or lease is, in addition to being personally liable for the payment of the tax, guilty of a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
(i) No person shall advertise or hold out to the public in any manner, directly or indirectly, that he or she will absorb all or any part of the tax; that he or she will relieve the person paying the rental of the payment of all or any part of the tax; or that the tax will not be added to the rental or lease consideration or, if added, that the tax or any part thereof will be refunded or refused, either directly or indirectly, by any method whatsoever. Any person who willfully violates any provision of this paragraph is guilty of a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
(j) The tax shall constitute a lien on the property of the lessee, customer, or tenant in the same manner as, and shall be collectible as are, liens authorized and imposed by ss. 713.67, 713.68, and 713.69.
(k) Any tax levied pursuant to this section shall be in addition to any other tax imposed pursuant to this chapter and in addition to all other taxes and fees and the consideration for the rental or lease.
(l) The department shall administer the taxes levied herein as increases in the rate of the tax authorized in s. 125.0104. The department shall collect and enforce the provisions of this section and s. 125.0104 in conjunction with each other in those counties authorized to levy the taxes authorized herein. The department shall distribute the proceeds received from the taxes levied pursuant to this section and s. 125.0104 in proportion to the rates of the taxes authorized to the appropriate trust funds as provided by law. In the event of underpayment of the total amount due by a taxpayer pursuant to this section and s. 125.0104, the department shall distribute the amount received in proportion to the rates of the taxes authorized to the appropriate trust funds as provided by law and the penalties and interest due on both of said taxes shall be applicable.
(4) AUTHORIZATION TO LEVY; USE OF PROCEEDS; OTHER REQUIREMENTS.—
(a) Consolidated government levy for convention development.—
1. Each county that operates under a government consolidated with that of one or more municipalities in the county may impose, pursuant to an ordinance enacted by the governing body of the county, a levy on the exercise within its boundaries of the taxable privilege of leasing or letting transient rental accommodations described in subsection (3) at the rate of 2 percent of each dollar and major fraction of each dollar of the total consideration charged therefor. The proceeds of this levy shall be known as the consolidated county convention development tax.
2. The county shall furnish to the department, within 10 days after approval of the ordinance imposing the levy, a copy of the ordinance. The effective date of imposition of the levy must be the first day of any month that is at least 60 days after enactment of the ordinance.
3. All consolidated county convention development moneys, including any interest accrued thereon, received by a county imposing the levy must be used in any of the following manners, although the utilization authorized in sub-subparagraph a. shall apply only to municipalities with a population of 10,000 or more:
a. To promote and advertise tourism;
b. To extend, enlarge, and improve existing publicly owned convention centers in the county;
c. To construct a multipurpose convention/coliseum/exhibition center or the maximum components thereof as funds permit in the county; and
d. To acquire, construct, extend, enlarge, remodel, repair, improve, or maintain one or more convention centers, stadiums, exhibition halls, arenas, coliseums, or auditoriums.
4. For the purposes of completion of any project under this paragraph, tax revenues and interest accrued may be used:
a. As collateral, pledged, or hypothecated for projects authorized by this paragraph, including bonds issued in connection therewith; or
b. As a pledge or capital contribution in conjunction with a partnership, joint venture, or other business arrangement between the county and one or more business entities for projects authorized by this paragraph.
5.a. The county may designate or appoint an authority to administer and disburse such proceeds and any other related source of revenue. However, the annual budget of the authority is subject to approval of the governing body of the county.
b. Except as otherwise provided by law, one-half of the proceeds of the tax which are collected within a municipality the government of which is not consolidated with that of the county must, at the request of the governing body of the municipality, be remitted to the municipality. The revenue remitted to a municipality under this sub-subparagraph may be used by the municipality only for the purposes and in the manner authorized in this paragraph, but the municipality may enter into an interlocal agreement with the county or with any other municipality in the county to use such revenue to jointly finance any project authorized by this paragraph. This sub-subparagraph does not apply to the distribution to the county of any convention development tax revenues necessary to repay the principal of or the interest on any bonds issued under sub-subparagraph 4.a. before May 29, 1984. Notwithstanding this sub-subparagraph, if the governing body of such a municipality adopts a resolution stating that the municipality is unable to use such revenue for any purpose authorized in this paragraph, the municipality may use the revenue to acquire and develop municipal parks, lifeguard stations, or athletic fields.
6. The consolidated county convention development tax shall be in addition to any other levy imposed under this section.
7. Revenues collected and returned to the county must be deposited in a convention development trust fund, which must be established by the county as a condition precedent to receipt of such funds.
(b) Charter county levy for convention development.—
1. Each county, as defined in s. 125.011(1), may impose, under an ordinance enacted by the governing body of the county, a levy on the exercise within its boundaries of the taxable privilege of leasing or letting transient rental accommodations described in subsection (3) at the rate of 3 percent of the total consideration charged therefor. The proceeds of this levy shall be known as the charter county convention development tax.
2. All charter county convention development moneys, including any interest accrued thereon, received by a county imposing the levy shall be used as follows:
a. Two-thirds of the proceeds shall be used to extend, enlarge, and improve the largest existing publicly owned convention center in the county.
b. One-third of the proceeds shall be used to construct a new multipurpose convention/coliseum/exhibition center/stadium or the maximum components thereof as funds permit in the most populous municipality in the county.
c. After the completion of any project under sub-subparagraph a., the tax revenues and interest accrued under sub-subparagraph a. may be used to acquire, construct, extend, enlarge, remodel, repair, improve, plan for, operate, manage, or maintain one or more convention centers, stadiums, exhibition halls, arenas, coliseums, auditoriums, or golf courses, and may be used to acquire and construct an intercity light rail transportation system as described in the Light Rail Transit System Status Report to the Legislature dated April 1988, which shall provide a means to transport persons to and from the largest existing publicly owned convention center in the county and the hotels north of the convention center and to and from the downtown area of the most populous municipality in the county as determined by the county.
d. After completion of any project under sub-subparagraph b., the tax revenues and interest accrued under sub-subparagraph b. may be used, as determined by the county, to operate an authority created pursuant to subparagraph 4. or to acquire, construct, extend, enlarge, remodel, repair, improve, operate, or maintain one or more convention centers, stadiums, exhibition halls, arenas, coliseums, auditoriums, golf courses, or related buildings and parking facilities in the most populous municipality in the county.
e. For the purposes of completion of any project pursuant to this paragraph, tax revenues and interest accrued may be used:
(I) As collateral, pledged, or hypothecated for projects authorized by this paragraph, including bonds issued in connection therewith; or
(II) As a pledge or capital contribution in conjunction with a partnership, joint venture, or other business arrangement between a municipality and one or more business entities for projects authorized by this paragraph.
3. The governing body of each municipality in which a municipal tourist tax is levied may adopt a resolution prohibiting imposition of the charter county convention development levy within such municipality. If the governing body adopts such a resolution, the convention development levy shall be imposed by the county in all other areas of the county except such municipality. No funds collected pursuant to this paragraph may be expended in a municipality which has adopted such a resolution.
4.a. Before the county enacts an ordinance imposing the levy, the county shall notify the governing body of each municipality in which projects are to be developed pursuant to sub-subparagraph 2.a., sub-subparagraph 2.b., sub-subparagraph 2.c., or sub-subparagraph 2.d. As a condition precedent to receiving funding, the governing bodies of such municipalities shall designate or appoint an authority that shall have the sole power to:
(I) Approve the concept, location, program, and design of the facilities or improvements to be built in accordance with this paragraph and to administer and disburse such proceeds and any other related source of revenue.
(II) Appoint and dismiss the authority’s executive director, general counsel, and any other consultants retained by the authority. The governing body shall have the right to approve or disapprove the initial appointment of the authority’s executive director and general counsel.
b. The members of each such authority shall serve for a term of not less than 1 year and shall be appointed by the governing body of such municipality. The annual budget of such authority shall be subject to approval of the governing body of the municipality. If the governing body does not approve the budget, the authority shall use as the authority’s budget the previous fiscal year budget.
c. The authority, by resolution to be adopted from time to time, may invest and reinvest the proceeds from the convention development tax and any other revenues generated by the authority in the same manner that the municipality in which the authority is located may invest surplus funds.
5. The charter county convention development levy shall be in addition to any other levy imposed pursuant to this section.
6. A certified copy of the ordinance imposing the levy shall be furnished by the county to the department within 10 days after approval of such ordinance. The effective date of imposition of the levy shall be the first day of any month at least 60 days after enactment of the ordinance.
7. Revenues collected pursuant to this paragraph shall be deposited in a convention development trust fund, which shall be established by the county as a condition precedent to receipt of such funds.
(c) Special district levy for convention development.—
1. Each county which was chartered under Art. VIII of the State Constitution and which on January 1, 1984, levied a tourist advertising ad valorem tax within a special taxing district in that county may impose, pursuant to an ordinance enacted by the governing body of the county, a levy within the boundaries of such special taxing district on the exercise of the taxable privilege of leasing or letting transient rental accommodations described in subsection (3) at a rate of up to 3 percent of each dollar and major fraction of each dollar of the total consideration charged therefor. The proceeds of this levy shall be known as the special district convention development tax.
2. The county shall designate or appoint an authority to administer and disburse the proceeds of such levy and any revenue related to the levy authorized by this paragraph. The members of such authority shall be selected from persons involved in the tourism and lodging industries doing business within such special district. Not less than a majority of the members shall be selected from persons doing business in the lodging industry. Members shall serve at the pleasure of the governing body of such county and shall serve without compensation. The annual budget of such authority shall be subject to approval of the governing body of the county. The authority shall consist of 11 members, who shall annually select a chair from among their members.
3. The county shall have no power to levy and impose the tourist advertising ad valorem tax in such district on or after January 1 of the year following the date of the adoption of the levy authorized in this paragraph. All special district convention development moneys, including any interest accrued thereon, received by a county imposing the special district convention development levy shall be used for the following purposes only:
a. To promote and advertise tourism;
b. To fund convention bureaus, tourist bureaus, tourist information centers, and news bureaus.
4. The special district convention development tax shall be in addition to any other levy imposed pursuant to this section.
5. A certified copy of the ordinance imposing the levy shall be furnished by the county to the department within 10 days after approval of such ordinance. The effective date of the levy shall be the first day of any month at least 60 days after enactment of the ordinance.
6. Revenues collected and returned to the county shall be deposited in a convention development trust fund, which shall be established by the county as a condition precedent to receipt of such funds.
(d) Special levy for convention development.—
1. Each county which was chartered under Art. VIII of the State Constitution and which on January 1, 1984, levied a tourist advertising ad valorem tax within a special taxing district in that county may impose, pursuant to an ordinance enacted by the governing body of the county, a levy outside the boundaries of such special taxing district and to the southeast of State Road 415, on the exercise of the taxable privilege of leasing or letting transient rental accommodations described in subsection (3), at a rate of up to 3 percent of each dollar and major fraction of each dollar of the total consideration charged therefor. The proceeds of this levy shall be known as the special convention development tax.
2. The county shall designate or appoint an authority to administer and disburse the proceeds of such levy and any revenue related to the levy authorized by this paragraph. The members of the authority shall be selected from persons doing business within the area in which the tax is levied. Not less than three of the members shall be selected from persons doing business in the lodging industry. Members shall serve at the pleasure of the governing body of the county and shall serve without compensation. The annual budget of the authority shall be subject to approval of the governing body of the county. The authority shall consist of seven members, who shall annually select a chair from among their members.
3. All special convention development moneys, including any interest accrued thereon, received by a county imposing the special convention development levy shall be used for the following purposes only:
a. To promote and advertise tourism;
b. To fund convention bureaus, tourist bureaus, tourist information centers, and news bureaus.
4. The special convention development tax shall be in addition to any other levy imposed pursuant to this section.
5. A certified copy of the ordinance imposing the levy shall be furnished by the county to the department within 10 days after approval of the ordinance. The effective date of the levy shall be the first day of any month at least 60 days after enactment of the ordinance.
6. Revenues collected and returned to the county shall be deposited in a separate convention development trust fund, which shall be established by the county as a condition precedent to receipt of such funds.
(e) Subcounty levy for convention development.—
1. Each county which was chartered under Art. VIII of the State Constitution and which on January 1, 1984, levied a tourist advertising ad valorem tax within a special taxing district in that county may impose, pursuant to an ordinance enacted by the governing body of the county, a levy outside the boundaries of such special taxing district and to the northwest of State Road 415, on the exercise of the taxable privilege of leasing or letting transient rental accommodations described in subsection (3), at a rate of up to 3 percent of each dollar and major fraction of each dollar of the total consideration charged therefor. The proceeds of this levy shall be known as the subcounty convention development tax.
2. The county shall designate or appoint an authority to administer and disburse the proceeds of such levy and any revenue related to the levy authorized by this paragraph. The members of the authority shall be selected from persons doing business within the area in which the tax is levied. Not less than three of the members shall be selected from persons doing business in the lodging industry. Members shall serve at the pleasure of the governing body of the county and shall serve without compensation. The annual budget of the authority shall be subject to approval of the governing body of the county. The authority shall consist of seven members, who shall annually select a chair from among their members.
3. All subcounty convention development moneys, including any interest accrued thereon, received by a county imposing the subcounty convention development levy shall be used for the following purposes only:
a. To promote and advertise tourism;
b. To fund convention bureaus, tourist bureaus, tourist information centers, and news bureaus.
4. The subcounty convention development tax shall be in addition to any other levy imposed pursuant to this section.
5. A certified copy of the ordinance imposing the levy shall be furnished by the county to the department within 10 days after approval of the ordinance. The effective date of the levy shall be the first day of any month at least 60 days after enactment of the ordinance.
6. Revenues collected and returned to the county shall be deposited in a separate convention development trust fund, which shall be established by the county as a condition precedent to receipt of such funds.
(5) LOCAL ADMINISTRATION OF TAX.—
(a) A county levying a tax under the provisions of this section may be exempt from the requirements of this section that the tax collected be remitted to the Department of Revenue before being returned to the county and that such tax be administered according to the provisions of this chapter, if the county adopts an ordinance providing for the collection and administration of the tax on a local basis.
(b) The ordinance shall include provision for, but need not be limited to:
1. Initial collection of the tax to be made in the same manner as the tax imposed under this chapter.
2. Designation of the local official to whom the tax shall be remitted and that official’s powers and duties with respect thereto. Tax revenues may be used only in accordance with the provisions of this section.
3. Requirements respecting the keeping of appropriate books, records, and accounts by those responsible for collecting and administering the tax.
4. Payment of a dealer’s credit as required under this chapter.
5. A portion of the tax collected may be retained by the county for costs of administration, but such portion shall not exceed 2 percent of collections.
(c) A county adopting an ordinance providing for the collection and administration of the tax on a local basis shall also adopt an ordinance electing either to assume all responsibility for auditing the records and accounts of dealers, and assessing, collecting, and enforcing payments of delinquent taxes, or to delegate such authority to the Department of Revenue. If the county elects to assume such responsibility, it shall be bound by the rules promulgated by the Department of Revenue pursuant to paragraph (3)(f), as well as those rules pertaining to the sales and use tax on transient rentals imposed by s. 212.03. The county may use any power granted in this chapter to the department to determine the amount of tax, penalties, and interest to be paid by each dealer and to enforce payment of such tax, penalties, and interest. The county may use a certified public accountant licensed in this state in the administration of its statutory duties and responsibilities. Such certified public accountants are bound by the same confidentiality requirements and subject to the same penalties as the county under s. 213.053. If the county delegates such authority to the department, the department shall distribute any collections so received, less costs of administration, to the county. The amount deducted for costs of administration by the department shall be used only for those costs which are solely and directly attributable to auditing, assessing, collecting, processing, and enforcing payments of delinquent taxes authorized in this section. If a county elects to delegate such authority to the department, the department shall audit only those businesses in the county that it audits pursuant to this chapter.
History.—s. 1, ch. 83-356; ss. 2, 4, ch. 84-67; s. 70, ch. 86-152; s. 82, ch. 87-6; s. 11, ch. 87-99; s. 51, ch. 87-101; s. 1, ch. 87-258; s. 30, ch. 88-119; s. 1, ch. 88-401; s. 32, ch. 89-356; s. 30, ch. 90-132; s. 2, ch. 90-349; s. 47, ch. 90-360; s. 85, ch. 91-45; s. 25, ch. 91-112; s. 1, ch. 91-155; s. 238, ch. 91-224; s. 8, ch. 93-286; s. 3, ch. 94-351; s. 1493, ch. 95-147; s. 1, ch. 95-290; ss. 1, 47, ch. 96-397; s. 61, ch. 96-406; s. 18, ch. 97-99; s. 9, ch. 2000-210; ss. 7, 11, ch. 2000-312; s. 1, ch. 2005-96; s. 12, ch. 2005-280; s. 4, ch. 2009-133.
212.03055 Super majority vote required for levy at rate in excess of 2 percent under ch. 95-290.—A special taxing district may not levy a tax under chapter 95-290, Laws of Florida, at a rate in excess of 2 percent unless the levy of such tax is approved by a super majority (a majority plus one) vote of the members of the governing body of the county in which the special taxing district is located.
History.—s. 2, ch. 95-290.
212.0306 Local option food and beverage tax; procedure for levying; authorized uses; administration.—
(1) Any county, as defined in s. 125.011(1), may impose the following additional taxes, by ordinance adopted by a majority vote of the governing body:
(a) At the rate of 2 percent on the sale of food, beverages, or alcoholic beverages in hotels and motels only.
(b) At the rate of 1 percent on the sale of food, beverages, or alcoholic beverages in establishments that are licensed by the state to sell alcoholic beverages for consumption on the premises, except for hotels and motels; however, the tax shall not apply to any alcoholic beverage sold by the package for off-premises consumption.
(2)(a)1. The sales in any establishment licensed by the state to sell alcoholic beverages for consumption on the premises, except for hotels and motels, that had gross annual revenues of $400,000 or less in the previous calendar year, are exempt from the tax authorized by paragraph (1)(b).
2. For purposes of determining qualification for this exemption, each such establishment must determine the annual gross revenues of the business at the end of each calendar year. If an establishment’s exemption status changes, the establishment must cease or begin collection of the tax effective the following February 1, in accordance with its new exemption status. An establishment must notify the tax collector of the county levying the tax of such change in writing no later than 20 days after the end of the calendar year.
3. Each newly opened establishment must collect the tax authorized by paragraph (1)(b) for 45 days commencing with its first day of business. After such time a newly opened business may cease collecting the tax if its projected gross annual revenues are $400,000 or less. Projected gross annual revenues shall be determined by dividing gross revenues for the first 45 days by 45, and multiplying the resulting quotient by 365. Newly opened businesses which cease collecting the tax must notify the tax collector of the county levying the tax within 20 days after the last day the tax is collected. A newly opened establishment which has been in business for less than 45 days as of the end of its first calendar year is exempt from the provisions of subparagraph 2. for that calendar year.
(b) Sales in any veterans’ organization are exempt from the tax authorized by paragraph (1)(b).
(c) All transactions that are exempt from the state sales tax are exempt from the taxes authorized by subsection (1).
(d) Sales in cities or towns presently imposing a municipal resort tax as authorized by chapter 67-930, Laws of Florida, are exempt from the taxes authorized by subsection (1); however, the tax authorized by paragraph (1)(b) may be levied in such city or town if the governing authority of the city or town adopts an ordinance that is subsequently approved by a majority of the electors in such city or town voting in a referendum held at a general election as defined in s. 97.021. Any tax levied in a city or town pursuant to this paragraph takes effect on the first day of January following the general election in which the ordinance was approved. A referendum to reenact an expiring tax authorized under this paragraph must be held at a general election occurring within the 48-month period immediately preceding the effective date of the reenacted tax, and the referendum may appear on the ballot only once within the 48-month period.
(3)(a) The proceeds of the tax authorized by paragraph (1)(a) shall be allocated by the county to a countywide convention and visitors bureau which, by interlocal agreement and contract with the county, has been given the primary responsibility for promoting the county and its constituent cities as a destination site for conventions, trade shows, and pleasure travel, to be used for purposes provided in s. 125.0104(5)(a)2. or 3., 1992 Supplement to the Florida Statutes 1991. If the county is not or is no longer a party to such an interlocal agreement and contract with a countywide convention and visitors bureau, the county shall allocate the proceeds of such tax for the purposes described in s. 125.0104(5)(a)2. or 3., 1992 Supplement to the Florida Statutes 1991.
1(b) For the first 12 months, the proceeds from the tax authorized by paragraph (1)(b) shall be used by the county to assist persons who have become, or are about to become, homeless. These funds shall be made available for emergency homeless shelters, food, clothing, medical care, counseling, alcohol and drug abuse treatment, mental health treatment, employment and training, education, and housing. Thereafter, not less than 15 percent of these funds shall be made available for construction and operation of domestic violence centers, and the remainder shall be used for the other purposes set forth in this paragraph. In addition, the proceeds of the tax and the interest accrued on those proceeds may be used as collateral, pledged, or hypothecated for projects authorized by this paragraph, including bonds issued in connection therewith. Prior to enactment of the ordinance levying and imposing the tax provided for by paragraph (1)(b), the county shall appoint a representative task force including, but not limited to, service providers, homeless persons’ advocates, and impacted jurisdictions to prepare and submit to the governing board of the county for its approval a plan for addressing the needs of persons who have become, or are about to become, homeless. The governing board of the county shall adopt this countywide plan for addressing homeless needs as part of the ordinance levying the tax.
(c) The county and each municipality in that county shall continue to contribute each year at least 85 percent of aggregate expenditures from the respective county or municipal general fund budget for county-operated or municipally operated homeless shelter services at or above the average level of such expenditures in the 2 fiscal years preceding the date of levying this tax.
(4) A certified copy of the ordinance that authorizes the imposition of a tax authorized by this section shall be furnished by the county to the Department of Revenue within 10 days after the adoption of the ordinance.
(5) A tax authorized by this section may take effect on the first day of any month, but may not take effect until at least 60 days after the adoption of the ordinance levying the tax.
(6) Any county levying a tax authorized by this section must locally administer the tax using the powers and duties enumerated for local administration of the tourist development tax by s. 125.0104, 1992 Supplement to the Florida Statutes 1991. The county’s ordinance shall also provide for brackets applicable to taxable transactions.
(7) Each county shall also appoint an oversight board including, but not limited to, service providers, domestic violence victim advocates, members of the judiciary, concerned citizens, a victim of domestic violence, and impacted jurisdictions to prepare and submit to the governing board of the county for its approval a plan for disbursing the funds made available for the construction and operation of domestic violence centers. Each member of the county’s governing board shall appoint a member, and the county manager shall appoint two members, to the oversight board.
History.—s. 2, ch. 89-362; s. 4, ch. 93-233; ss. 1, 2, ch. 94-351; ss. 71, 72, ch. 94-353; s. 21, ch. 2023-157; s. 27, ch. 2024-158.
1Note.—As amended by s. 71, ch. 94-353. Paragraph (b) was also amended by s. 1, ch. 94-351. The ch. 94-353 version is published here as the last expression of legislative will. Paragraph (b), as amended by s. 1, ch. 94-351, reads:
(b) For the first 12 months, the proceeds from the tax authorized by paragraph (1)(b) shall be used by the county to assist persons who have become, or are about to become, homeless. These funds shall be made available for emergency homeless shelters, food, clothing, medical care, counseling, alcohol and drug abuse treatment, mental health treatment, employment and training, education, and housing. Thereafter, not less than 15 percent of these funds shall be made available for construction and operation of domestic violence centers, and the remainder shall be used for the other purposes set forth in this paragraph. In addition, the proceeds of the tax and interest accrued may be used as collateral, pledged or hypothecated, for any projects authorized by this paragraph, including bonds issued in connection therewith. Prior to enactment of the ordinance levying and imposing the tax provided for by paragraph (1)(b), the county shall appoint a representative task force including, but not limited to, service providers, homeless advocates, and impacted jurisdictions to prepare and submit to the governing board of the county for its approval a plan for addressing the needs of persons who have become, or are about to become, homeless. The governing board of the county shall adopt this countywide plan for addressing homeless needs as part of the ordinance levying the tax.
Note.—Former s. 125.0104(3)(n).
212.031 Tax on rental or license fee for use of real property.—
(1)(a) It is declared to be the legislative intent that every person is exercising a taxable privilege who engages in the business of renting, leasing, letting, or granting a license for the use of any real property unless such property is:
1. Assessed as agricultural property under s. 193.461.
2. Used exclusively as dwelling units.
3. Property subject to tax on parking, docking, or storage spaces under s. 212.03(6).
4. Recreational property or the common elements of a condominium when subject to a lease between the developer or owner thereof and the condominium association in its own right or as agent for the owners of individual condominium units or the owners of individual condominium units. However, only the lease payments on such property shall be exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter, and any other use made by the owner or the condominium association shall be fully taxable under this chapter.
5. A public or private street or right-of-way and poles, conduits, fixtures, and similar improvements located on such streets or rights-of-way, occupied or used by a utility or provider of communications services, as defined by s. 202.11, for utility or communications or television purposes. For purposes of this subparagraph, the term “utility” means any person providing utility services as defined in s. 203.012. This exception also applies to property, wherever located, on which the following are placed: towers, antennas, cables, accessory structures, or equipment, not including switching equipment, used in the provision of mobile communications services as defined in s. 202.11. For purposes of this chapter, towers used in the provision of mobile communications services, as defined in s. 202.11, are considered to be fixtures.
6. A public street or road which is used for transportation purposes.
7. Property used at an airport exclusively for the purpose of aircraft landing or aircraft taxiing or property used by an airline for the purpose of loading or unloading passengers or property onto or from aircraft or for fueling aircraft.
8.a. Property used at a port authority, as defined in s. 315.02(2), exclusively for the purpose of oceangoing vessels or tugs docking, or such vessels mooring on property used by a port authority for the purpose of loading or unloading passengers or cargo onto or from such a vessel, or property used at a port authority for fueling such vessels, or to the extent that the amount paid for the use of any property at the port is based on the charge for the amount of tonnage actually imported or exported through the port by a tenant.
b. The amount charged for the use of any property at the port in excess of the amount charged for tonnage actually imported or exported shall remain subject to tax except as provided in sub-subparagraph a.
9. Property used as an integral part of the performance of qualified production services. As used in this subparagraph, the term “qualified production services” means any activity or service performed directly in connection with the production of a qualified motion picture, as defined in s. 212.06(1)(b), and includes:
a. Photography, sound and recording, casting, location managing and scouting, shooting, creation of special and optical effects, animation, adaptation (language, media, electronic, or otherwise), technological modifications, computer graphics, set and stage support (such as electricians, lighting designers and operators, greensmen, prop managers and assistants, and grips), wardrobe (design, preparation, and management), hair and makeup (design, production, and application), performing (such as acting, dancing, and playing), designing and executing stunts, coaching, consulting, writing, scoring, composing, choreographing, script supervising, directing, producing, transmitting dailies, dubbing, mixing, editing, cutting, looping, printing, processing, duplicating, storing, and distributing;
b. The design, planning, engineering, construction, alteration, repair, and maintenance of real or personal property including stages, sets, props, models, paintings, and facilities principally required for the performance of those services listed in sub-subparagraph a.; and
c. Property management services directly related to property used in connection with the services described in sub-subparagraphs a. and b.
This exemption will inure to the taxpayer upon presentation of the certificate of exemption issued to the taxpayer under the provisions of s. 288.1258.
10. Leased, subleased, licensed, or rented to a person providing food and drink concessionaire services within the premises of a convention hall, exhibition hall, auditorium, stadium, theater, arena, civic center, performing arts center, publicly owned recreational facility, or any business operated under a permit issued pursuant to chapter 550. A person providing retail concessionaire services involving the sale of food and drink or other tangible personal property within the premises of an airport shall be subject to tax on the rental of real property used for that purpose, but shall not be subject to the tax on any license to use the property. For purposes of this subparagraph, the term “sale” shall not include the leasing of tangible personal property.
11. Property occupied pursuant to an instrument calling for payments which the department has declared, in a Technical Assistance Advisement issued on or before March 15, 1993, to be nontaxable pursuant to rule 12A-1.070(19)(c), Florida Administrative Code; provided that this subparagraph shall only apply to property occupied by the same person before and after the execution of the subject instrument and only to those payments made pursuant to such instrument, exclusive of renewals and extensions thereof occurring after March 15, 1993.
12. Property used or occupied predominantly for space flight business purposes. As used in this subparagraph, “space flight business” means the manufacturing, processing, or assembly of a space facility, space propulsion system, space vehicle, satellite, or station of any kind possessing the capacity for space flight, as defined by s. 212.02(23), or components thereof, and also means the following activities supporting space flight: vehicle launch activities, flight operations, ground control or ground support, and all administrative activities directly related thereto. Property shall be deemed to be used or occupied predominantly for space flight business purposes if more than 50 percent of the property, or improvements thereon, is used for one or more space flight business purposes. Possession by a landlord, lessor, or licensor of a signed written statement from the tenant, lessee, or licensee claiming the exemption shall relieve the landlord, lessor, or licensor from the responsibility of collecting the tax, and the department shall look solely to the tenant, lessee, or licensee for recovery of such tax if it determines that the exemption was not applicable.
13. Rented, leased, subleased, or licensed to a person providing telecommunications, data systems management, or Internet services at a publicly or privately owned convention hall, civic center, or meeting space at a public lodging establishment as defined in s. 509.013. This subparagraph applies only to that portion of the rental, lease, or license payment that is based upon a percentage of sales, revenue sharing, or royalty payments and not based upon a fixed price. This subparagraph is intended to be clarifying and remedial in nature and shall apply retroactively. This subparagraph does not provide a basis for an assessment of any tax not paid, or create a right to a refund of any tax paid, pursuant to this section before July 1, 2010.
(b) When a lease involves multiple use of real property wherein a part of the real property is subject to the tax herein, and a part of the property would be excluded from the tax under subparagraph (a)1., subparagraph (a)2., subparagraph (a)3., or subparagraph (a)5., the department shall determine, from the lease or license and such other information as may be available, that portion of the total rental charge which is exempt from the tax imposed by this section. The portion of the premises leased or rented by a for-profit entity providing a residential facility for the aged will be exempt on the basis of a pro rata portion calculated by combining the square footage of the areas used for residential units by the aged and for the care of such residents and dividing the resultant sum by the total square footage of the rented premises. For purposes of this section, the term “residential facility for the aged” means a facility that is licensed or certified in whole or in part under chapter 400, chapter 429, or chapter 651; or that provides residences to the elderly and is financed by a mortgage or loan made or insured by the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development under s. 202, s. 202 with a s. 8 subsidy, s. 221(d)(3) or (4), s. 232, or s. 236 of the National Housing Act; or other such similar facility that provides residences primarily for the elderly.
1(c) For the exercise of such privilege, a tax is levied at the rate of 2.0 percent of and on the total rent or license fee charged for such real property by the person charging or collecting the rental or license fee. The total rent or license fee charged for such real property shall include payments for the granting of a privilege to use or occupy real property for any purpose and shall include base rent, percentage rents, or similar charges. Such charges shall be included in the total rent or license fee subject to tax under this section whether or not they can be attributed to the ability of the lessor’s or licensor’s property as used or operated to attract customers. Payments for intrinsically valuable personal property such as franchises, trademarks, service marks, logos, or patents are not subject to tax under this section. In the case of a contractual arrangement that provides for both payments taxable as total rent or license fee and payments not subject to tax, the tax shall be based on a reasonable allocation of such payments and shall not apply to that portion which is for the nontaxable payments.
1(d) If the rental or license fee of any such real property is paid by way of property, goods, wares, merchandise, services, or other thing of value, the tax shall be at the rate of 2.0 percent of the value of the property, goods, wares, merchandise, services, or other thing of value.
(e) The tax rate in effect at the time that the tenant or person occupies, uses, or is entitled to occupy or use the real property is the tax rate applicable to the transaction taxable under this section, regardless of when a rent or license fee payment is due or paid. The applicable tax rate may not be avoided by delaying or accelerating rent or license fee payments.
(2)(a) The tenant or person actually occupying, using, or entitled to the use of any property from which the rental or license fee is subject to taxation under this section shall pay the tax to his or her immediate landlord or other person granting the right to such tenant or person to occupy or use such real property.
(b) It is the further intent of this Legislature that only one tax be collected on the rental or license fee payable for the occupancy or use of any such property, that the tax so collected shall not be pyramided by a progression of transactions, and that the amount of the tax due the state shall not be decreased by any such progression of transactions.
(3) The tax imposed by this section shall be in addition to the total amount of the rental or license fee, shall be charged by the lessor or person receiving the rent or payment in and by a rental or license fee arrangement with the lessee or person paying the rental or license fee, and shall be due and payable at the time of the receipt of such rental or license fee payment by the lessor or other person who receives the rental or payment. Notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter, the tax imposed by this section on the rental, lease, or license for the use of a convention hall, exhibition hall, auditorium, stadium, theater, arena, civic center, performing arts center, or publicly owned recreational facility to hold an event of not more than 7 consecutive days’ duration shall be collected at the time of the payment for that rental, lease, or license but is not due and payable to the department until the first day of the month following the last day that the event for which the payment is made is actually held, and becomes delinquent on the 21st day of that month. The owner, lessor, or person receiving the rent or license fee shall remit the tax to the department at the times and in the manner hereinafter provided for dealers to remit taxes under this chapter. The same duties imposed by this chapter upon dealers in tangible personal property respecting the collection and remission of the tax; the making of returns; the keeping of books, records, and accounts; and the compliance with the rules and regulations of the department in the administration of this chapter shall apply to and be binding upon all persons who manage any leases or operate real property, hotels, apartment houses, roominghouses, or tourist and trailer camps and all persons who collect or receive rents or license fees taxable under this chapter on behalf of owners or lessors.
(4) The tax imposed by this section shall constitute a lien on the property of the lessee or licensee of any real estate in the same manner as, and shall be collectible as are, liens authorized and imposed by ss. 713.68 and 713.69.
(5) When space is subleased to a convention or industry trade show in a convention hall, exhibition hall, or auditorium, whether publicly or privately owned, the sponsor who holds the prime lease is subject to tax on the prime lease and the sublease is exempt.
(6) The lease or rental of land or a hall or other facilities by a fair association subject to the provisions of chapter 616 to a show promoter or prime operator of a carnival or midway attraction is exempt from the tax imposed by this section; however, the sublease of land or a hall or other facilities by the show promoter or prime operator is not exempt from the provisions of this section.
(7) Utility charges subject to sales tax which are paid by a tenant to the lessor and which are part of a payment for the privilege or right to use or occupy real property are exempt from tax if the lessor has paid sales tax on the purchase of such utilities and the charges billed by the lessor to the tenant are separately stated and at the same or a lower price than those paid by the lessor.
(8) Charges by lessors to a lessee to cancel or terminate a lease agreement are presumed taxable if the lessor records such charges as rental income in its books and records. This presumption can be overcome by the provision of sufficient documentation by either the lessor or the lessee that such charges were other than for the rental of real property.
(9) The rental, lease, sublease, or license for the use of a skybox, luxury box, or other box seats for use during a high school or college football game is exempt from the tax imposed by this section when the charge for such rental, lease, sublease, or license is imposed by a nonprofit sponsoring organization which is qualified as nonprofit pursuant to s. 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code.
History.—s. 6, ch. 69-222; ss. 21, 35, ch. 69-106; s. 3, ch. 71-986; s. 2, ch. 77-194; s. 1, ch. 78-107; s. 95, ch. 79-400; s. 2, ch. 82-154; s. 1, ch. 82-207; s. 71, ch. 83-217; s. 4, ch. 83-297; s. 2, ch. 85-310; s. 66, ch. 86-152; ss. 2, 8, ch. 86-166; ss. 8, 25, ch. 87-6; s. 10, ch. 87-101; ss. 3, 4, ch. 87-548; s. 92, ch. 90-132; s. 57, ch. 92-348; s. 4, ch. 93-86; s. 1108, ch. 95-147; s. 2, ch. 95-391; s. 20, ch. 96-397; s. 4, ch. 97-221; s. 3, ch. 98-140; s. 1, ch. 99-238; s. 1, ch. 99-270; s. 1, ch. 99-363; s. 2, ch. 2000-182; s. 1, ch. 2000-183; s. 53, ch. 2000-260; ss. 1, 3, ch. 2000-345; ss. 26, 27, ch. 2001-140; s. 55, ch. 2002-218; ss. 1, 2, ch. 2006-101; s. 10, ch. 2006-197; s. 3, ch. 2010-4; s. 5, ch. 2010-147; s. 21, ch. 2017-36; s. 33, ch. 2018-118; s. 5, ch. 2019-42; s. 14, ch. 2021-2; s. 46, ch. 2021-31; s. 22, ch. 2023-157.
1Note.—Section 49, ch. 2023-157, provides:
“(1) The Department of Revenue is authorized, and all conditions are deemed met, to adopt emergency rules pursuant to s. 120.54(4), Florida Statutes, to implement the amendments made by this act to ss. 212.031 and 212.08, Florida Statutes; the creation by this act of ss. 220.199 and 220.1991, Florida Statutes; and the creation by this act of the temporary tax exemptions for ENERGY STAR appliances, and gas ranges and cooktops. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, emergency rules adopted pursuant to this subsection are effective for 6 months after adoption and may be renewed during the pendency of procedures to adopt permanent rules addressing the subject of the emergency rules.
“(2) This section shall take effect upon this act becoming a law and expires July 1, 2026.”
212.04 Admissions tax; rate, procedure, enforcement.—
(1)(a) It is hereby declared to be the legislative intent that every person is exercising a taxable privilege who sells or receives anything of value by way of admissions.
(b) For the exercise of such privilege, a tax is levied at the rate of 6 percent of sales price, or the actual value received from such admissions, which 6 percent shall be added to and collected with all such admissions from the purchaser thereof, and such tax shall be paid for the exercise of the privilege as defined in the preceding paragraph. Each ticket must show on its face the actual sales price of the admission, or each dealer selling the admission must prominently display at the box office or other place where the admission charge is made a notice disclosing the price of the admission, and the tax shall be computed and collected on the basis of the actual price of the admission charged by the dealer. The sale price or actual value of admission shall, for the purpose of this chapter, be that price remaining after deduction of federal taxes and state or locally imposed or authorized seat surcharges, taxes, or fees, if any, imposed upon such admission. The sale price or actual value does not include separately stated ticket service charges that are imposed by a facility ticket office or a ticketing service and added to a separately stated, established ticket price. The rate of tax on each admission shall be according to the algorithm provided in s. 212.12.
(c)1. The provisions of this chapter that authorize a tax-exempt sale for resale do not apply to sales of admissions. However, if a purchaser of an admission subsequently resells the admission for more than the amount paid, the purchaser shall collect tax on the full sales price and may take credit for the amount of tax previously paid. If the purchaser of the admission subsequently resells it for an amount equal to or less than the amount paid, the purchaser may not collect any additional tax, nor shall the purchaser be allowed to take credit for the amount of tax previously paid.
2.a. If a purchaser resells an admission to an entity that is exempt from sales and use tax under this chapter for any reason other than sale for resale, the purchaser may seek a refund or credit from the department for the amount of tax it paid on its purchase.
b. For a refund, the purchaser shall provide proof of the exempt entity’s qualification for the exemption, as prescribed by rules of the department, and a copy of the ticket, invoice, or other documentation that provides evidence of the tax it paid on the admission with its refund application, whereupon the department shall issue a refund to the purchaser.
c. For a credit, the purchaser shall retain proof of the exempt entity’s qualification for the exemption, as prescribed by rules of the department, and a copy of the ticket, invoice, or other documentation that provides evidence of the tax it paid on the admission as long as required under s. 212.13.
d. The department shall look solely to the entity that provided exemption documentation for recovery of tax, if it determines that the entity was not entitled to the exemption.
3.a. If a purchaser of an admission from a related dealer who is a member of the same controlled group of corporations for federal income tax purposes as the purchaser resells such admission to an entity that is exempt from sales and use tax under this chapter for any reason other than sale for resale, the purchaser may seek a refund or credit for the amount of tax it paid on its purchase from the related dealer if it provides that related dealer with proof of the exempt entity’s qualification for the exemption, as prescribed by rules of the department.
b. Upon the purchaser’s request, a related dealer receiving the exempt entity’s documentation shall refund or credit the tax paid by the purchaser. If the related dealer has already remitted such tax to the department, it may then seek a refund or credit of the tax from the department. If the related dealer has not yet remitted such tax to the department, the related dealer may not seek a refund or credit of such tax, but may retain the exemption documentation in lieu of remitting the tax to the department.
c. The department shall look solely to the entity that provided exemption documentation for recovery of tax if it determines that the entity was not entitled to the exemption.
(d) No additional tax is due on components incorporated as part of a package sold by a travel agent if the package includes two or more components such as admissions, transient rentals, transportation, or meals; if all of the components were purchased by the travel agent from other parties and any sales tax due on such purchases was paid; and if there is no separate itemization of the admission, transient rental, transportation, meal, or other components in the sales price of the package. This paragraph does not apply if the actual price charged for a component by the dealer to a travel agent is less than the price charged to unrelated parties under normal industry practices and the dealer and the travel agent are members of the same controlled group of corporations for federal income tax purposes.
(2)(a) A tax may not be levied on:
1. Admissions to athletic or other events sponsored by elementary schools, junior high schools, middle schools, high schools, community colleges, public or private colleges and universities, deaf and blind schools, facilities of the youth services programs of the Department of Children and Families, and state correctional institutions if only student, faculty, or inmate talent is used. However, this exemption does not apply to admission to athletic events sponsored by a state university, and the proceeds of the tax collected on such admissions shall be retained and used by each institution to support women’s athletics as provided in s. 1006.71(2)(c).
2. Dues, membership fees, and admission charges imposed by not-for-profit sponsoring organizations. To receive this exemption, the sponsoring organization must qualify as a not-for-profit entity under s. 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954, as amended.
3. Admission charges to an event sponsored by a governmental entity, sports authority, or sports commission if held in a convention hall, exhibition hall, auditorium, stadium, theater, arena, civic center, performing arts center, or publicly owned recreational facility and if 100 percent of the risk of success or failure lies with the sponsor of the event and 100 percent of the funds at risk for the event belong to the sponsor, and student or faculty talent is not exclusively used. As used in this subparagraph, the terms “sports authority” and “sports commission” mean a nonprofit organization that is exempt from federal income tax under s. 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code and that contracts with a county or municipal government for the purpose of promoting and attracting sports-tourism events to the community with which it contracts.
4. An admission paid by a student, or on the student’s behalf, to any required place of sport or recreation if the student’s participation in the sport or recreational activity is required as a part of a program or activity sponsored by, and under the jurisdiction of, the student’s educational institution if his or her attendance is as a participant and not as a spectator.
5. Admissions to the National Football League championship game or Pro Bowl; admissions to any semifinal game or championship game of a national collegiate tournament; admissions to a Major League Baseball, Major League Soccer, National Basketball Association, or National Hockey League all-star game; admissions to the Major League Baseball Home Run Derby held before the Major League Baseball All-Star Game; admissions to any FIFA World Cup match sanctioned by the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA), including any qualifying match held up to 12 months before the FIFA World Cup matches; admissions to any Formula One Grand Prix race sanctioned by the Fédération Internationale de l’Automobile, including any qualifying or support races held at the circuit up to 72 hours before the grand prix race; admissions to the Daytona 500 sanctioned by the National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing, including any qualifying or support races held at the same track up to 72 hours before the race; or admissions to National Basketball Association all-star events produced by the National Basketball Association and held at a facility such as an arena, convention center, or municipal facility.
6. A participation fee or sponsorship fee imposed by a governmental entity as described in s. 212.08(6) for an athletic or recreational program if the governmental entity by itself, or in conjunction with an organization exempt under s. 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954, as amended, sponsors, administers, plans, supervises, directs, and controls the athletic or recreational program.
7. Admissions to live theater, live opera, or live ballet productions in this state which are sponsored by an organization that has received a determination from the Internal Revenue Service that the organization is exempt from federal income tax under s. 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954, as amended, if the organization actively participates in planning and conducting the event; is responsible for the safety and success of the event; is organized for the purpose of sponsoring live theater, live opera, or live ballet productions in this state; has more than 10,000 subscribing members and has among the stated purposes in its charter the promotion of arts education in the communities it serves; and will receive at least 20 percent of the net profits, if any, of the events the organization sponsors and will bear the risk of at least 20 percent of the losses, if any, from the events it sponsors if the organization employs other persons as agents to provide services in connection with a sponsored event. Before March 1 of each year, such organization may apply to the department for a certificate of exemption for admissions to such events sponsored in this state by the organization during the immediately following state fiscal year. The application must state the total dollar amount of admissions receipts collected by the organization or its agents from such events in this state sponsored by the organization or its agents in the year immediately preceding the year in which the organization applies for the exemption. Such organization shall receive the exemption only to the extent of $1.5 million multiplied by the ratio that such receipts bear to the total of such receipts of all organizations applying for the exemption in such year; however, such exemption granted to any organization may not exceed 6 percent of such admissions receipts collected by the organization or its agents in the year immediately preceding the year in which the organization applies for the exemption. Each organization receiving the exemption shall report each month to the department the total admissions receipts collected from such events sponsored by the organization during the preceding month and shall remit to the department an amount equal to 6 percent of such receipts reduced by any amount remaining under the exemption. Tickets for such events sold by such organizations may not reflect the tax otherwise imposed under this section.
8. Entry fees for participation in freshwater fishing tournaments.
9. Participation or entry fees charged to participants in a game, race, or other sport or recreational event if spectators are charged a taxable admission to such event.
10. Admissions to any postseason collegiate football game sanctioned by the National Collegiate Athletic Association.
11. Admissions to and membership fees for gun clubs. For purposes of this subparagraph, the term “gun club” means an organization whose primary purpose is to offer its members access to one or more shooting ranges for target or skeet shooting.
(b) No municipality of the state shall levy an excise tax on admissions.
(c) The taxes imposed by this section shall be collected in addition to the admission tax collected pursuant to s. 550.0951, but the amount collected under s. 550.0951 shall not be subject to taxation under this chapter.
(3) Such taxes shall be paid and remitted at the same time and in the same manner as provided for remitting taxes on sales of tangible personal property, as hereinafter provided. Notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter, the tax on admission to an event at a convention hall, exhibition hall, auditorium, stadium, theater, arena, civic center, performing arts center, or publicly owned recreational facility shall be collected at the time of payment for the admission but is not due to the department until the first day of the month following the actual date of the event for which the admission is sold and becomes delinquent on the 21st day of that month.
(4) Each person who exercises the privilege of charging admission taxes, as herein defined, shall apply for, and at that time shall furnish the information and comply with the provisions of s. 212.18 not inconsistent herewith and receive from the department, a certificate of right to exercise such privilege, which certificate shall apply to each place of business where such privilege is exercised and shall be in the manner and form prescribed by the department. Such certificate shall be issued upon payment to the department of a registration fee of $5 by the applicant. Each person exercising the privilege of charging such admission taxes as herein defined shall cause to be kept records and accounts showing the admission which shall be in the form as the department may from time to time prescribe, inclusive of records of all tickets numbered and issued for a period of not less than the time within which the department may, as permitted by s. 95.091(3), make an assessment with respect to any admission evidenced by such records and accounts, and inclusive of all bills or checks of customers who are charged any of the taxes defined herein, showing the charge made to each for that period. The department is empowered to use each and every one of the powers granted herein to the department to discover the amount of tax to be paid by each such person and to enforce the payment thereof as are hereby granted the department for the discovery and enforcement of the payment of taxes hereinafter levied on the sales of tangible personal property.
(5) All of the provisions of this chapter relating to collection, investigation, discovery, and aids to collection of taxes upon sales of tangible personal property shall likewise apply to all privileges described or referred to in this section, and the obligations imposed in this chapter upon retailers are hereby imposed upon the seller of such admissions. All penalties applicable to a dealer in tangible personal property for failure to meet any such obligation, including, but not limited to, any failure related to the filing of returns, the payment of taxes, or the maintenance and production of records, are applicable to the seller of admissions. When tickets or admissions are sold and not used but returned and credited by the seller, the seller may apply to the department for a credit allowance for such returned tickets or admissions if advance payments have been made by the buyer and have been returned by the seller, upon such form and in such manner as the department may from time to time prescribe. The department may, upon obtaining satisfactory proof of the refunds on the part of the seller, credit the seller for taxes paid upon admissions that have been returned unused to the purchaser of those admissions. The seller of admissions, upon the payment of the taxes before they become delinquent and the rendering of the returns in accordance with the requirement of the department and as provided in this law, shall be entitled to a discount of 2.5 percent of the amount of taxes upon the payment thereof before such taxes become delinquent, in the same manner as permitted the sellers of tangible personal property in this chapter. However, if the amount of the tax due and remitted to the department for the reporting period exceeds $1,200, no discount shall be allowed for all amounts in excess of $1,200.
(6) Admission taxes required to be paid by this chapter shall be paid to the department by the owner or the collector of such admission. When any place of business is sold or transferred by any owner, wherein such admission taxes have accrued or are accruing, such owner shall be obligated before such sale becomes effective to notify the department of such pending sale and secure from the department a certificate of registration as prescribed in this section, and the purchaser shall become obligated to withhold from the sales price such sum of money as will safely be required to discharge all accrued admission taxes upon such places of business. Upon the failure of any such purchaser to withhold, he or she shall become obligated to pay all accrued admission taxes, and the same shall become a lien upon all of the purchaser’s assets until the same have been paid and fully discharged.
(7) The taxes under this section shall become a lien upon the assets of the owner of any business exercising the privilege of selling admissions, and the collection of such admissions, as defined hereunder, and shall remain a lien until fully paid and discharged. Such lien may be enforced in the manner provided hereinafter for the enforcement of the collection of taxes imposed upon the sales of tangible personal property.
(8) The word “owners” as used in this chapter shall be taken to include and mean all persons obligated to collect and pay over to the state the tax imposed under this section, inclusive of all holders of certificates of registration issued as herein provided. Wherever the word “owner” or “owners” is used herein, it shall be taken to mean and include all persons liable for such admission taxes unless it appears from the context that the words are descriptive of property owners.
History.—s. 4, ch. 26319, 1949; ss. 5, 6, ch. 26871, 1951; s. 4, ch. 29883, 1955; s. 2, ch. 57-109; s. 2, ch. 61-274; s. 3, ch. 63-526; s. 7, ch. 63-253; s. 4, ch. 65-329; s. 5, ch. 65-371; s. 2, ch. 65-420; s. 2, ch. 67-180; s. 4, ch. 68-27; s. 7, ch. 69-222; ss. 21, 35, ch. 69-106; s. 1, ch. 72-220; s. 1, ch. 74-126; s. 35, ch. 77-147; s. 2, ch. 78-220; s. 4, ch. 79-359; s. 5, ch. 80-378; s. 2, ch. 81-1; s. 1, ch. 81-221; s. 113, ch. 81-259; s. 2, ch. 81-319; s. 3, ch. 82-154; s. 72, ch. 83-217; s. 29, ch. 85-80; s. 8, ch. 86-166; ss. 9, 25, ch. 87-6; s. 11, ch. 87-101; ss. 5, 6, ch. 87-548; s. 11, ch. 88-119; s. 75, ch. 88-130; s. 67, ch. 89-356; s. 26, ch. 90-132; s. 34, ch. 90-203; ss. 26, 174, ch. 91-112; s. 15, ch. 92-319; s. 17, ch. 92-320; s. 58, ch. 92-348; s. 5, ch. 93-202; s. 29, ch. 94-314; s. 1494, ch. 95-147; s. 21, ch. 96-397; s. 19, ch. 97-99; s. 1, ch. 97-217; s. 4, ch. 98-140; s. 1, ch. 98-290; s. 13, ch. 99-208; s. 24, ch. 2000-158; s. 11, ch. 2000-210; ss. 2, 4, ch. 2000-345; s. 55, ch. 2002-218; ss. 915, 916, ch. 2002-387; s. 3, ch. 2006-101; s. 6, ch. 2010-147; s. 43, ch. 2014-19; s. 1, ch. 2014-29; s. 12, ch. 2015-221; s. 22, ch. 2017-36; s. 18, ch. 2021-2; s. 19, ch. 2022-97; s. 15, ch. 2024-115.
212.05 Sales, storage, use tax.—It is hereby declared to be the legislative intent that every person is exercising a taxable privilege who engages in the business of selling tangible personal property at retail in this state, including the business of making or facilitating remote sales; who rents or furnishes any of the things or services taxable under this chapter; or who stores for use or consumption in this state any item or article of tangible personal property as defined herein and who leases or rents such property within the state.
(1) For the exercise of such privilege, a tax is levied on each taxable transaction or incident, which tax is due and payable as follows:
1(a)1.a. At the rate of 6 percent of the sales price of each item or article of tangible personal property when sold at retail in this state, computed on each taxable sale for the purpose of remitting the amount of tax due the state, and including each and every retail sale.
b. Each occasional or isolated sale of an aircraft, boat, mobile home, or motor vehicle of a class or type which is required to be registered, licensed, titled, or documented in this state or by the United States Government shall be subject to tax at the rate provided in this paragraph. The department shall by rule adopt any nationally recognized publication for valuation of used motor vehicles as the reference price list for any used motor vehicle which is required to be licensed pursuant to s. 320.08(1), (2), (3)(a), (b), (c), or (e), or (9). If any party to an occasional or isolated sale of such a vehicle reports to the tax collector a sales price which is less than 80 percent of the average loan price for the specified model and year of such vehicle as listed in the most recent reference price list, the tax levied under this paragraph shall be computed by the department on such average loan price unless the parties to the sale have provided to the tax collector an affidavit signed by each party, or other substantial proof, stating the actual sales price. Any party to such sale who reports a sales price less than the actual sales price is guilty of a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083. The department shall collect or attempt to collect from such party any delinquent sales taxes. In addition, such party shall pay any tax due and any penalty and interest assessed plus a penalty equal to twice the amount of the additional tax owed. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Department of Revenue may waive or compromise any penalty imposed pursuant to this subparagraph.
2. This paragraph does not apply to the sale of a boat or aircraft by or through a registered dealer under this chapter to a purchaser who, at the time of taking delivery, is a nonresident of this state, does not make his or her permanent place of abode in this state, and is not engaged in carrying on in this state any employment, trade, business, or profession in which the boat or aircraft will be used in this state, or is a corporation none of the officers or directors of which is a resident of, or makes his or her permanent place of abode in, this state, or is a noncorporate entity that has no individual vested with authority to participate in the management, direction, or control of the entity’s affairs who is a resident of, or makes his or her permanent abode in, this state. For purposes of this exemption, either a registered dealer acting on his or her own behalf as seller, a registered dealer acting as broker on behalf of a seller, or a registered dealer acting as broker on behalf of the nonresident purchaser may be deemed to be the selling dealer. This exemption is not allowed unless:
a. The nonresident purchaser removes a qualifying boat, as described in sub-subparagraph f., from this state within 90 days after the date of purchase or extension, or the nonresident purchaser removes a nonqualifying boat or an aircraft from this state within 10 days after the date of purchase or, when the boat or aircraft is repaired or altered, within 20 days after completion of the repairs or alterations; or if the aircraft will be registered in a foreign jurisdiction and:
(I) Application for the aircraft’s registration is properly filed with a civil airworthiness authority of a foreign jurisdiction within 10 days after the date of purchase;
(II) The nonresident purchaser removes the aircraft from this state to a foreign jurisdiction within 10 days after the date the aircraft is registered by the applicable foreign airworthiness authority; and
(III) The aircraft is operated in this state solely to remove it from this state to a foreign jurisdiction.
For purposes of this sub-subparagraph, the term “foreign jurisdiction” means any jurisdiction outside of the United States or any of its territories;
b. The nonresident purchaser, within 90 days after the date of departure, provides the department with written proof that the nonresident purchaser licensed, registered, titled, or documented the boat or aircraft outside this state. If such written proof is unavailable, within 90 days the nonresident purchaser must provide proof that the nonresident purchaser applied for such license, title, registration, or documentation. The nonresident purchaser shall forward to the department proof of title, license, registration, or documentation upon receipt;
c. The nonresident purchaser, within 30 days after removing the boat or aircraft from this state, furnishes the department with proof of removal in the form of receipts for fuel, dockage, slippage, tie-down, or hangaring from outside of Florida. The information so provided must clearly and specifically identify the boat or aircraft;
d. The selling dealer, within 30 days after the date of sale, provides to the department a copy of the sales invoice, closing statement, bills of sale, and the original affidavit signed by the nonresident purchaser affirming that the nonresident purchaser qualifies for exemption from sales tax pursuant to this subparagraph and attesting that the nonresident purchaser will provide the documentation required to substantiate the exemption claimed under this subparagraph;
e. The seller makes a copy of the affidavit a part of his or her record for as long as required by s. 213.35; and
f. Unless the nonresident purchaser of a boat of 5 net tons of admeasurement or larger intends to remove the boat from this state within 10 days after the date of purchase or when the boat is repaired or altered, within 20 days after completion of the repairs or alterations, the nonresident purchaser applies to the selling dealer for a decal which authorizes 90 days after the date of purchase for removal of the boat. The nonresident purchaser of a qualifying boat may apply to the selling dealer within 60 days after the date of purchase for an extension decal that authorizes the boat to remain in this state for an additional 90 days, but not more than a total of 180 days, before the nonresident purchaser is required to pay the tax imposed by this chapter. The department is authorized to issue decals in advance to dealers. The number of decals issued in advance to a dealer shall be consistent with the volume of the dealer’s past sales of boats which qualify under this sub-subparagraph. The selling dealer or his or her agent shall mark and affix the decals to qualifying boats in the manner prescribed by the department, before delivery of the boat.
(I) The department is hereby authorized to charge dealers a fee sufficient to recover the costs of decals issued, except the extension decal shall cost $425.
(II) The proceeds from the sale of decals will be deposited into the administrative trust fund.
(III) Decals shall display information to identify the boat as a qualifying boat under this sub-subparagraph, including, but not limited to, the decal’s date of expiration.
(IV) The department is authorized to require dealers who purchase decals to file reports with the department and may prescribe all necessary records by rule. All such records are subject to inspection by the department.
(V) Any dealer or his or her agent who issues a decal falsely, fails to affix a decal, mismarks the expiration date of a decal, or fails to properly account for decals will be considered prima facie to have committed a fraudulent act to evade the tax and will be liable for payment of the tax plus a mandatory penalty of 200 percent of the tax, and shall be liable for fine and punishment as provided by law for a conviction of a misdemeanor of the first degree, as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
(VI) Any nonresident purchaser of a boat who removes a decal before permanently removing the boat from this state, or defaces, changes, modifies, or alters a decal in a manner affecting its expiration date before its expiration, or who causes or allows the same to be done by another, will be considered prima facie to have committed a fraudulent act to evade the tax and will be liable for payment of the tax plus a mandatory penalty of 200 percent of the tax, and shall be liable for fine and punishment as provided by law for a conviction of a misdemeanor of the first degree, as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
(VII) The department is authorized to adopt rules necessary to administer and enforce this subparagraph and to publish the necessary forms and instructions.
(VIII) The department is hereby authorized to adopt emergency rules pursuant to s. 120.54(4) to administer and enforce the provisions of this subparagraph.
If the nonresident purchaser fails to remove the qualifying boat from this state within the maximum 180 days after purchase or a nonqualifying boat or an aircraft from this state within 10 days after purchase or, when the boat or aircraft is repaired or altered, within 20 days after completion of such repairs or alterations, or permits the boat or aircraft to return to this state within 6 months after the date of departure, except as provided in s. 212.08(7)(fff), or if the nonresident purchaser fails to furnish the department with any of the documentation required by this subparagraph within the prescribed time period, the nonresident purchaser is liable for use tax on the cost price of the boat or aircraft and, in addition thereto, payment of a penalty to the Department of Revenue equal to the tax payable. This penalty is in lieu of the penalty imposed by s. 212.12(2). The maximum 180-day period following the sale of a qualifying boat tax-exempt to a nonresident may not be tolled for any reason.
(b) At the rate of 6 percent of the cost price of each item or article of tangible personal property when the same is not sold but is used, consumed, distributed, or stored for use or consumption in this state; however, for tangible property originally purchased exempt from tax for use exclusively for lease and which is converted to the owner’s own use, tax may be paid on the fair market value of the property at the time of conversion. If the fair market value of the property cannot be determined, use tax at the time of conversion shall be based on the owner’s acquisition cost. Under no circumstances may the aggregate amount of sales tax from leasing the property and use tax due at the time of conversion be less than the total sales tax that would have been due on the original acquisition cost paid by the owner.
1(c) At the rate of 6 percent of the gross proceeds derived from the lease or rental of tangible personal property, as defined herein; however, the following special provisions apply to the lease or rental of motor vehicles and to peer-to-peer car-sharing programs:
1. When a motor vehicle is leased or rented by a motor vehicle rental company or through a peer-to-peer car-sharing program as those terms are defined in s. 212.0606(1) for a period of less than 12 months:
a. If the motor vehicle is rented in Florida, the entire amount of such rental is taxable, even if the vehicle is dropped off in another state.
b. If the motor vehicle is rented in another state and dropped off in Florida, the rental is exempt from Florida tax.
c. If the motor vehicle is rented through a peer-to-peer car-sharing program, the peer-to-peer car-sharing program shall collect and remit the applicable tax due in connection with the rental.
2. Except as provided in subparagraph 3., for the lease or rental of a motor vehicle for a period of not less than 12 months, sales tax is due on the lease or rental payments if the vehicle is registered in this state; provided, however, that no tax shall be due if the taxpayer documents use of the motor vehicle outside this state and tax is being paid on the lease or rental payments in another state.
3. The tax imposed by this chapter does not apply to the lease or rental of a commercial motor vehicle as defined in s. 316.003(14)(a) to one lessee or rentee, or of a motor vehicle as defined in s. 316.003 which is to be used primarily in the trade or established business of the lessee or rentee, for a period of not less than 12 months when tax was paid on the purchase price of such vehicle by the lessor. To the extent tax was paid with respect to the purchase of such vehicle in another state, territory of the United States, or the District of Columbia, the Florida tax payable shall be reduced in accordance with s. 212.06(7). This subparagraph shall only be available when the lease or rental of such property is an established business or part of an established business or the same is incidental or germane to such business.
(d) At the rate of 6 percent of the lease or rental price paid by a lessee or rentee, or contracted or agreed to be paid by a lessee or rentee, to the owner of the tangible personal property.
2(e)1. At the rate of 6 percent on charges for:
a. Prepaid calling arrangements. The tax on charges for prepaid calling arrangements shall be collected at the time of sale and remitted by the selling dealer.
(I) “Prepaid calling arrangement” has the same meaning as provided in s. 202.11.
(II) If the sale or recharge of the prepaid calling arrangement does not take place at the dealer’s place of business, it shall be deemed to have taken place at the customer’s shipping address or, if no item is shipped, at the customer’s address or the location associated with the customer’s mobile telephone number.
(III) The sale or recharge of a prepaid calling arrangement shall be treated as a sale of tangible personal property for purposes of this chapter, regardless of whether a tangible item evidencing such arrangement is furnished to the purchaser, and such sale within this state subjects the selling dealer to the jurisdiction of this state for purposes of this subsection.
(IV) No additional tax under this chapter or chapter 202 is due or payable if a purchaser of a prepaid calling arrangement who has paid tax under this chapter on the sale or recharge of such arrangement applies one or more units of the prepaid calling arrangement to obtain communications services as described in s. 202.11(9)(b)3., other services that are not communications services, or products.
b. The installation of telecommunication and telegraphic equipment.
c. Electrical power or energy, except that the tax rate for charges for electrical power or energy is 4.35 percent. Charges for electrical power and energy do not include taxes imposed under ss. 166.231 and 203.01(1)(a)3.
2. Section 212.17(3), regarding credit for tax paid on charges subsequently found to be worthless, is equally applicable to any tax paid under this section on charges for prepaid calling arrangements, telecommunication or telegraph services, or electric power subsequently found to be uncollectible. As used in this paragraph, the term “charges” does not include any excise or similar tax levied by the Federal Government, a political subdivision of this state, or a municipality upon the purchase, sale, or recharge of prepaid calling arrangements or upon the purchase or sale of telecommunication, television system program, or telegraph service or electric power, which tax is collected by the seller from the purchaser.
(f) At the rate of 6 percent on the sale, rental, use, consumption, or storage for use in this state of machines and equipment, and parts and accessories therefor, used in manufacturing, processing, compounding, producing, mining, or quarrying personal property for sale or to be used in furnishing communications, transportation, or public utility services.
(g)1. At the rate of 6 percent on the retail price of newspapers and magazines sold or used in Florida.
2. Notwithstanding other provisions of this chapter, inserts of printed materials which are distributed with a newspaper or magazine are a component part of the newspaper or magazine, and neither the sale nor use of such inserts is subject to tax when:
a. Printed by a newspaper or magazine publisher or commercial printer and distributed as a component part of a newspaper or magazine, which means that the items after being printed are delivered directly to a newspaper or magazine publisher by the printer for inclusion in editions of the distributed newspaper or magazine;
b. Such publications are labeled as part of the designated newspaper or magazine publication into which they are to be inserted; and
c. The purchaser of the insert presents a resale certificate to the vendor stating that the inserts are to be distributed as a component part of a newspaper or magazine.
(h)1. A tax is imposed at the rate of 4 percent on the charges for the use of coin-operated amusement machines. The tax shall be calculated by dividing the gross receipts from such charges for the applicable reporting period by a divisor, determined as provided in this subparagraph, to compute gross taxable sales, and then subtracting gross taxable sales from gross receipts to arrive at the amount of tax due. For counties that do not impose a discretionary sales surtax, the divisor is equal to 1.04; for counties that impose a 0.5 percent discretionary sales surtax, the divisor is equal to 1.045; for counties that impose a 1 percent discretionary sales surtax, the divisor is equal to 1.050; and for counties that impose a 2 percent sales surtax, the divisor is equal to 1.060. If a county imposes a discretionary sales surtax that is not listed in this subparagraph, the department shall make the applicable divisor available in an electronic format or otherwise. Additional divisors shall bear the same mathematical relationship to the next higher and next lower divisors as the new surtax rate bears to the next higher and next lower surtax rates for which divisors have been established. When a machine is activated by a slug, token, coupon, or any similar device which has been purchased, the tax is on the price paid by the user of the device for such device.
2. As used in this paragraph, the term “operator” means any person who possesses a coin-operated amusement machine for the purpose of generating sales through that machine and who is responsible for removing the receipts from the machine.
a. If the owner of the machine is also the operator of it, he or she shall be liable for payment of the tax without any deduction for rent or a license fee paid to a location owner for the use of any real property on which the machine is located.
b. If the owner or lessee of the machine is also its operator, he or she shall be liable for payment of the tax on the purchase or lease of the machine, as well as the tax on sales generated through the machine.
c. If the proprietor of the business where the machine is located does not own the machine, he or she shall be deemed to be the lessee and operator of the machine and is responsible for the payment of the tax on sales, unless such responsibility is otherwise provided for in a written agreement between him or her and the machine owner.
3.a. An operator of a coin-operated amusement machine may not operate or cause to be operated in this state any such machine until the operator has registered with the department and has conspicuously displayed an identifying certificate issued by the department. The identifying certificate shall be issued by the department upon application from the operator. The identifying certificate shall include a unique number, and the certificate shall be permanently marked with the operator’s name, the operator’s sales tax number, and the maximum number of machines to be operated under the certificate. An identifying certificate shall not be transferred from one operator to another. The identifying certificate must be conspicuously displayed on the premises where the coin-operated amusement machines are being operated.
b. The operator of the machine must obtain an identifying certificate before the machine is first operated in the state and by July 1 of each year thereafter. The annual fee for each certificate shall be based on the number of machines identified on the application times $30 and is due and payable upon application for the identifying device. The application shall contain the operator’s name, sales tax number, business address where the machines are being operated, and the number of machines in operation at that place of business by the operator. No operator may operate more machines than are listed on the certificate. A new certificate is required if more machines are being operated at that location than are listed on the certificate. The fee for the new certificate shall be based on the number of additional machines identified on the application form times $30.
c. A penalty of $250 per machine is imposed on the operator for failing to properly obtain and display the required identifying certificate. A penalty of $250 is imposed on the lessee of any machine placed in a place of business without a proper current identifying certificate. Such penalties shall apply in addition to all other applicable taxes, interest, and penalties.
d. Operators of coin-operated amusement machines must obtain a separate sales and use tax certificate of registration for each county in which such machines are located. One sales and use tax certificate of registration is sufficient for all of the operator’s machines within a single county.
4. The provisions of this paragraph do not apply to coin-operated amusement machines owned and operated by churches or synagogues.
5. In addition to any other penalties imposed by this chapter, a person who knowingly and willfully violates any provision of this paragraph commits a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
6. The department may adopt rules necessary to administer the provisions of this paragraph.
(i)1. At the rate of 6 percent on charges for all:
a. Detective, burglar protection, and other protection services (NAICS National Numbers 561611, 561612, 561613, and 561621). Fingerprint services required under s. 790.06 or s. 790.062 are not subject to the tax. Any law enforcement officer, as defined in s. 943.10, who is performing approved duties as determined by his or her local law enforcement agency in his or her capacity as a law enforcement officer, and who is subject to the direct and immediate command of his or her law enforcement agency, and in the law enforcement officer’s uniform as authorized by his or her law enforcement agency, is performing law enforcement and public safety services and is not performing detective, burglar protection, or other protective services, if the law enforcement officer is performing his or her approved duties in a geographical area in which the law enforcement officer has arrest jurisdiction. Such law enforcement and public safety services are not subject to tax irrespective of whether the duty is characterized as “extra duty,” “off-duty,” or “secondary employment,” and irrespective of whether the officer is paid directly or through the officer’s agency by an outside source. The term “law enforcement officer” includes full-time or part-time law enforcement officers, and any auxiliary law enforcement officer, when such auxiliary law enforcement officer is working under the direct supervision of a full-time or part-time law enforcement officer.
b. Nonresidential cleaning, excluding cleaning of the interiors of transportation equipment, and nonresidential building pest control services (NAICS National Numbers 561710 and 561720).
2. As used in this paragraph, “NAICS” means those classifications contained in the North American Industry Classification System, as published in 2007 by the Office of Management and Budget, Executive Office of the President.
3. Charges for detective, burglar protection, and other protection security services performed in this state but used outside this state are exempt from taxation. Charges for detective, burglar protection, and other protection security services performed outside this state and used in this state are subject to tax.
4. If a transaction involves both the sale or use of a service taxable under this paragraph and the sale or use of a service or any other item not taxable under this chapter, the consideration paid must be separately identified and stated with respect to the taxable and exempt portions of the transaction or the entire transaction shall be presumed taxable. The burden shall be on the seller of the service or the purchaser of the service, whichever applicable, to overcome this presumption by providing documentary evidence as to which portion of the transaction is exempt from tax. The department is authorized to adjust the amount of consideration identified as the taxable and exempt portions of the transaction; however, a determination that the taxable and exempt portions are inaccurately stated and that the adjustment is applicable must be supported by substantial competent evidence.
5. Each seller of services subject to sales tax pursuant to this paragraph shall maintain a monthly log showing each transaction for which sales tax was not collected because the services meet the requirements of subparagraph 3. for out-of-state use. The log must identify the purchaser’s name, location and mailing address, and federal employer identification number, if a business, or the social security number, if an individual, the service sold, the price of the service, the date of sale, the reason for the exemption, and the sales invoice number. The monthly log shall be maintained pursuant to the same requirements and subject to the same penalties imposed for the keeping of similar records pursuant to this chapter.
(j)1. Notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter, there is hereby levied a tax on the sale, use, consumption, or storage for use in this state of any coin or currency, whether in circulation or not, when such coin or currency:
a. Is not legal tender;
b. If legal tender, is sold, exchanged, or traded at a rate in excess of its face value; or
c. Is sold, exchanged, or traded at a rate based on its precious metal content.
2. Such tax shall be at a rate of 6 percent of the price at which the coin or currency is sold, exchanged, or traded, except that, with respect to a coin or currency which is legal tender of the United States and which is sold, exchanged, or traded, such tax shall not be levied.
3. There are exempt from this tax exchanges of coins or currency which are in general circulation in, and legal tender of, one nation for coins or currency which are in general circulation in, and legal tender of, another nation when exchanged solely for use as legal tender and at an exchange rate based on the relative value of each as a medium of exchange.
4. With respect to any transaction that involves the sale of coins or currency taxable under this paragraph in which the taxable amount represented by the sale of such coins or currency exceeds $500, the entire amount represented by the sale of such coins or currency is exempt from the tax imposed under this paragraph. The dealer must maintain proper documentation, as prescribed by rule of the department, to identify that portion of a transaction which involves the sale of coins or currency and is exempt under this subparagraph.
(k) At the rate of 6 percent of the sales price of each gallon of diesel fuel not taxed under chapter 206 purchased for use in a vessel, except dyed diesel fuel that is exempt pursuant to s. 212.08(4)(a)4.
(l) Florists located in this state are liable for sales tax on sales to retail customers regardless of where or by whom the items sold are to be delivered. Florists located in this state are not liable for sales tax on payments received from other florists for items delivered to customers in this state.
(m) Operators of game concessions or other concessionaires who customarily award tangible personal property as prizes may, in lieu of paying tax on the cost price of such property, pay tax on 25 percent of the gross receipts from such concession activity.
(n) At the rate of 3 percent of the sales price on the retail sale of a new mobile home. As used in this paragraph, the term “new mobile home” has the same meaning as in s. 319.001.
(2) The tax shall be collected by the dealer, as defined herein, and remitted by the dealer to the state at the time and in the manner as hereinafter provided.
(3) The tax so levied is in addition to all other taxes, whether levied in the form of excise, license, or privilege taxes, and in addition to all other fees and taxes levied.
(4) The tax imposed pursuant to this chapter shall be due and payable according to the algorithm provided in s. 212.12.
(5) Notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter, the maximum amount of tax imposed under this chapter and collected on each sale or use of a boat in this state may not exceed $18,000 and on each repair of a boat in this state may not exceed $60,000.
History.—s. 5, ch. 26319, 1949; s. 3, ch. 59-289; s. 4, ch. 63-526; ss. 5, 6, ch. 68-27; ss. 8, 9, ch. 69-222; s. 4, ch. 71-360; s. 1, ch. 76-6; s. 2, ch. 78-74; s. 114, ch. 81-259; s. 4, ch. 82-154; s. 2, ch. 83-3; s. 7, ch. 85-174; s. 6, ch. 85-348; ss. 80, 81, ch. 86-152; ss. 6, 7, ch. 86-155; s. 3, ch. 86-166; ss. 10, 83, ch. 87-6; ss. 2, 9, ch. 87-99; ss. 12, 52, ch. 87-101; s. 7, ch. 87-402; ss. 7, 8, 9, ch. 87-548; s. 18, ch. 90-132; s. 89, ch. 90-136; s. 86, ch. 91-45; s. 1, ch. 91-66; s. 171, ch. 91-112; s. 239, ch. 91-224; ss. 10, 13, 16, ch. 92-319; s. 1, ch. 93-86; ss. 8, 17, ch. 94-314; s. 8, ch. 94-353; s. 1495, ch. 95-147; ss. 1, 2, ch. 95-302; s. 4, ch. 95-403; s. 3, ch. 95-416; s. 112, ch. 95-417; ss. 22, 28, ch. 96-397; s. 35, ch. 96-410; s. 12, ch. 97-54; s. 20, ch. 97-94; s. 28, ch. 97-96; s. 20, ch. 97-99; s. 1, ch. 97-121; s. 3, ch. 97-283; s. 5, ch. 98-140; s. 1, ch. 99-337; s. 2, ch. 99-363; ss. 45, 48, 58, ch. 2000-260; s. 38, ch. 2001-140; s. 15, ch. 2002-48; s. 13, ch. 2005-280; s. 20, ch. 2007-106; s. 3, ch. 2009-51; s. 1, ch. 2010-128; s. 5, ch. 2010-138; s. 7, ch. 2010-147; s. 20, ch. 2011-3; s. 1, ch. 2013-82; s. 2, ch. 2014-38; s. 13, ch. 2015-221; s. 10, ch. 2016-220; s. 63, ch. 2016-239; s. 23, ch. 2017-36; s. 12, ch. 2018-130; s. 17, ch. 2020-10; s. 3, ch. 2021-2; s. 1, ch. 2021-175; s. 7, ch. 2021-180; s. 20, ch. 2022-97; s. 28, ch. 2024-158.
1Note.—Section 61, ch. 2024-158, provides:
“(1) The Department of Revenue is authorized, and all conditions are deemed met, to adopt emergency rules pursuant to s. 120.54(4), Florida Statutes, to implement the amendments made by this act to ss. 206.9931, 212.05, 212.054, 213.21, 213.67, 220.03, 220.19, 220.1915, 624.509, and 624.5107, Florida Statutes, and the creation by this act of ss. 211.0254, 212.1835, 220.1992, 402.261, and 561.1214, Florida Statutes. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, emergency rules adopted pursuant to this subsection are effective for 6 months after adoption and may be renewed during the pendency of procedures to adopt permanent rules addressing the subject of the emergency rules.
“(2) This section shall take effect upon this act becoming a law and expires July 1, 2027.”
2Note.—Section 3, ch. 2007-78, provides that “[s]ection 501.95(2)(a), Florida Statutes, as created in [ch. 2007-256] or similar legislation, does not apply to prepaid calling arrangements as defined in s. 212.05(1)(e), Florida Statutes, including prepaid cards for wireless or wireline telecommunications service.”
212.0501 Tax on diesel fuel for business purposes; purchase, storage, and use.—
(1) It is declared to be the legislative intent that every person is exercising a taxable privilege who purchases any diesel fuel as defined in chapter 206 for use by that person in a trade or business.
(2) Each person who purchases diesel fuel for consumption, use, or storage by a trade or business shall register as a dealer and remit a use tax, at the rate of 6 percent, on the total cost price of diesel fuel consumed.
(3) For purposes of this section, “consumption, use, or storage by a trade or business” does not include those uses of diesel fuel specifically exempt on account of residential purposes; or in any tractor, vehicle, or other equipment used exclusively on a farm or for processing farm products on the farm, no part of which diesel fuel is used in any licensed motor vehicle on the public highways of this state; or the purchase or storage of diesel fuel held for resale.
(4) Except as otherwise provided in s. 212.05(1)(k), a licensed sales tax dealer may elect to collect such tax pursuant to this chapter on all sales to each person who purchases diesel fuel, except dyed diesel fuel used for commercial fishing and aquacultural purposes listed in s. 206.41(4)(c)3., for consumption, use, or storage by a trade or business. When the licensed sales tax dealer has not elected to collect such tax on all such sales, the purchaser or ultimate consumer shall be liable for the payment of tax directly to the state.
(5) Diesel fuel upon which the fuel taxes pursuant to chapter 206 have been paid is exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter. Liquefied petroleum gas or other fuel used to heat a structure in which started pullets or broilers are raised is exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter; however, such exemption shall not be allowed unless the purchaser or lessee signs a certificate stating that the fuel to be exempted is for the exclusive use designated herein.
(6) All taxes required to be paid on fuel used in self-propelled off-road equipment shall be deposited in the Fuel Tax Collection Trust Fund, to be distributed to the State Transportation Trust Fund. The department shall, each month, make a transfer, from general revenue collections, equal to such use tax reported on dealers’ sales and use tax returns.
History.—s. 113, ch. 95-417; s. 13, ch. 97-54; s. 8, ch. 2002-48; s. 18, ch. 2006-289; s. 2, ch. 2013-82; s. 6, ch. 2021-186.
1212.05011 Combined rate for tax collected pursuant to ss. 203.01(1)(b)4. and 212.05(1)(e)1.c.—In complying with the amendments to ss. 203.01 and 212.05, relating to the additional tax on electrical power or energy, made by this act, a seller of electrical power or energy may collect a combined rate of 6.95 percent, which consists of the 4.35 percent and 2.6 percent required under ss. 212.05(1)(e)1.c. and 203.01(1)(b)4., respectively, if the provider properly reflects the tax collected with respect to the two provisions as required in the return to the Department of Revenue.
History.—s. 6, ch. 2014-38.
212.0506 Taxation of service warranties.—
(1) It is the intent of the Legislature that every person is exercising a taxable privilege who engages in this state in the business of soliciting, offering, providing, entering into, issuing, or delivering any service warranty.
(2) For exercising such privilege, a tax is levied on each taxable transaction or incident, which tax is due and payable at the rate of 6 percent on the total consideration received or to be received by any person for issuing and delivering any service warranty.
(3) For purposes of this section, “service warranty” means any contract or agreement which indemnifies the holder of the contract or agreement for the cost of maintaining, repairing, or replacing tangible personal property. The term “service warranty” does not include contracts or agreements to repair, maintain, or replace tangible personal property if such property when sold at retail in this state would not be subject to the tax imposed by this chapter or if the parts and labor to repair tangible personal property qualify for an exemption under this chapter, nor does it include such contracts or agreements covering tangible personal property which becomes a part of real property.
(4) Such tax shall be in addition to the total amount of the consideration for the service warranty, shall be charged by the person receiving such consideration from the service warranty agreement holder, and shall be due and payable by such person at the time he or she receives such consideration. Such person shall remit the tax to the department at the times and in the manner provided for dealers to remit taxes on tangible personal property under this chapter.
(5) This tax is in addition to all other taxes, whether levied in the form of excise, license, or privilege taxes, and is in addition to all other fees and taxes levied.
(6) This tax shall be due and payable according to the algorithm provided in s. 212.12.
(7) This tax shall not apply to any portion of the consideration received by any person in connection with the issuance of any service warranty contract upon which such person is required to pay any premium tax imposed under the Florida Insurance Code or under s. 634.313(1).
(8) If a transaction involves both the issuance of a service warranty that is subject to such tax and the issuance of a warranty, guaranty, extended warranty or extended guaranty, contract, agreement, or other written promise that is not subject to such tax, the consideration shall be separately identified and stated with respect to the taxable and nontaxable portions of the transaction. If the consideration is separately apportioned and identified in good faith, such tax shall apply to the transaction to the extent that the consideration received or to be received in connection with the transaction is payment for a service warranty subject to such tax. If the consideration is not apportioned in good faith, the department may reform the contract; such reformation by the department is to be considered prima facie correct, and the burden to show the contrary rests upon the dealer. If the consideration for such a transaction is not separately identified and stated, the entire transaction is taxable.
(9) Any claim which arises under a service warranty taxable under this section, which claim is paid directly by the person issuing such warranty, is not subject to any tax imposed under this chapter.
(10) Materials and supplies used in the performance of a factory or manufacturer’s warranty are exempt if the contract is furnished at no extra charge with the equipment guaranteed thereunder and such materials and supplies are paid for by the factory or manufacturer.
(11) Any duties imposed by this chapter upon dealers of tangible personal property with respect to collecting and remitting taxes; making returns; keeping books, records, and accounts; and complying with the rules and regulations of the department apply to all dealers as defined in s. 212.06(2)(l).
History.—s. 33, ch. 89-356; s. 1110, ch. 95-147; s. 2, ch. 97-99; s. 1, ch. 98-141; s. 21, ch. 2007-106; s. 19, ch. 2021-2.
212.051 Equipment, machinery, and other materials for pollution control; not subject to sales or use tax.—
(1) Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary, sales, use, or privilege taxes shall not be collected with respect to any facility, device, fixture, equipment, machinery, specialty chemical, or bioaugmentation product used primarily for the control or abatement of pollution or contaminants in manufacturing, processing, compounding, or producing for sale items of tangible personal property at a fixed location, or any structure, machinery, or equipment installed in the reconstruction or replacement of such facility, device, fixture, equipment, or machinery. To qualify, such facility, device, fixture, equipment, structure, specialty chemical, or bioaugmentation product must be used, installed, or constructed to meet a law implemented by, or a condition of a permit issued by, the Department of Environmental Protection; however, such exemption shall not be allowed unless the purchaser signs a certificate stating that the facility, device, fixture, equipment, structure, specialty chemical, or bioaugmentation product to be exempted is required to meet such law or condition.
(2) Equipment, machinery, or materials required to meet any law implemented by, or any condition of a permit issued by, the Department of Environmental Protection that are purchased for the monitoring, prevention, abatement, or control of pollution or contaminants at privately owned or operated landfills or construction and demolition debris disposal facilities shall be exempt from taxation as otherwise imposed by this chapter; however, such exemption shall not be allowed unless the purchaser signs a certificate stating that the equipment, machinery, or materials to be exempted are required to meet such law or condition. This exemption does not include solid waste collection vehicles, compactors, graders, or other earthmoving equipment.
(3) For the purposes of this section, “specialty chemicals” means those chemicals used to enhance or further treat wastewater, including, but not limited to, defoamers, nutrients, and polymers, and “bioaugmentation products” means the microorganisms used in waste treatment plants to break down solids and consume organic matter.
History.—s. 22, ch. 69-222; s. 1, ch. 98-317; s. 13, ch. 2000-355.
212.0515 Sales from vending machines; sales to vending machine operators; special provisions; registration; penalties.—
(1) As used in this section:
(a) “Vending machine” means a machine, operated by coin, currency, credit card, slug, token, coupon, or similar device, which dispenses food, beverages, or other items of tangible personal property.
(b) “Operator” means any person who possesses a vending machine for the purpose of generating sales through that machine and who maintains the inventory in and removes the receipts from that vending machine.
(2) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the amount of the tax to be paid on food, beverages, or other items of tangible personal property that are sold in vending machines shall be calculated by dividing the gross receipts from such sales for the applicable reporting period by a divisor, determined as provided in this subsection, to compute gross taxable sales, and then subtracting gross taxable sales from gross receipts to arrive at the amount of tax due. For counties that do not impose a discretionary sales surtax, the divisor is equal to the sum of 1.0645 for beverage and food items, or 1.0659 for other items of tangible personal property. For counties with a 0.5 percent sales surtax rate the divisor is equal to the sum of 1.0686 for beverage and food items or 1.0707 for other items of tangible personal property; for counties with a 0.75 percent sales surtax rate the divisor is equal to the sum of 1.0706 for beverage and food items or 1.0727 for other items of tangible personal property; for counties with a 1 percent sales surtax rate the divisor is equal to the sum of 1.0726 for beverage and food items or 1.0749 for other items of tangible personal property; for counties with a 1.5 percent sales surtax rate the divisor is equal to the sum of 1.0767 for beverage and food items or 1.0791 for other items of tangible personal property; and for counties with a 2 percent sales surtax rate the divisor is equal to the sum of 1.0808 for beverage and food items or 1.0833 for other items of tangible personal property. When a county imposes a surtax rate that is not listed in this subsection, the department shall make the applicable divisor available in an electronic format or otherwise. Additional divisors shall bear the same mathematical relationship to the next higher and next lower divisors as the new surtax rate bears to the next higher and next lower surtax rates for which divisors have been established. If an operator cannot account for each type of item sold through a vending machine, the highest tax rate shall be used for all products sold through that machine.
(3) An operator of a vending machine may not operate or cause to be operated in this state any vending machine until the operator has registered with the department and has obtained a separate registration certificate for each county in which such machines are located. The department shall establish a toll-free number to report any violations of this section.
(4) The provisions of this section do not apply to vending machines owned and operated by churches, synagogues, or nonprofit or charitable organizations exempt pursuant to s. 212.08(7)(z).
(5) In addition to any other penalties imposed by this chapter, a person who knowingly and willfully violates any provision of this section commits a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
(6) The department may adopt rules necessary to administer this section.
History.—s. 168, ch. 91-112; s. 7, ch. 92-319; s. 1, ch. 93-222; s. 1111, ch. 95-147; s. 167, ch. 96-320; s. 21, ch. 97-99; s. 1, ch. 97-244; s. 2, ch. 98-141; s. 7, ch. 98-342; s. 1, ch. 99-366; s. 22, ch. 2007-106; s. 6, ch. 2010-138; s. 24, ch. 2017-36.
212.052 Research or development costs; exemption.—
(1) For the purposes of the exemption provided in this section:
(a) The term “research or development” means research which has one of the following as its ultimate goal:
1. Basic research in a scientific field of endeavor.
2. Advancing knowledge or technology in a scientific or technical field of endeavor.
3. The development of a new product, whether or not the new product is offered for sale.
4. The improvement of an existing product, whether or not the improved product is offered for sale.
5. The development of new uses of an existing product, whether or not a new use is offered as a rationale to purchase the product.
6. The design and development of prototypes, whether or not a resulting product is offered for sale.
The term “research or development” does not include ordinary testing or inspection of materials or products used for quality control, market research, efficiency surveys, consumer surveys, advertising and promotions, management studies, or research in connection with literary, historical, social science, psychological, or other similar nontechnical activities.
(b) The term “costs” means cost price as defined in s. 212.02(4).
(c) The term “product” means any item, device, technique, prototype, invention, or process which is, was, or may be commercially exploitable.
(2) Notwithstanding any provision of this chapter to the contrary, any person, including an affiliated group as defined in s. 1504 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954, as amended, who manufactures, produces, compounds, processes, or fabricates in any manner tangible personal property for such taxpayer’s own use directly and solely in research or development shall not be subject to the tax imposed by this chapter upon the cost of the product so manufactured, produced, compounded, processed, or fabricated.
(3) This section does not apply to any product of research or development which is used by a person, including an affiliated group as defined in s. 1504 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954, as amended, in the ordinary course of business, other than for research or development, except and to the extent that the knowledge, technology, science, design, plan, patent, or understanding which is derived from the product of research or development is applied in the ordinary course of business. In addition, this section does not apply to any product of research or development that is tangible personal property which is offered for sale.
(4) Any person, including an affiliated group as defined in s. 1504 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954, as amended, who makes a fraudulent claim under this section shall be liable for the payment of the tax due, together with the penalties set forth in s. 212.085, and as otherwise provided by law.
(5) The department shall promulgate rules governing the implementation and operation of this section.
History.—s. 1, ch. 82-219; s. 33, ch. 95-280; s. 1, ch. 2006-57.
212.054 Discretionary sales surtax; limitations, administration, and collection.—
(1) No general excise tax on sales shall be levied by the governing body of any county unless specifically authorized in s. 212.055. Any general excise tax on sales authorized pursuant to said section shall be administered and collected exclusively as provided in this section.
(2)(a) The tax imposed by the governing body of any county authorized to so levy pursuant to s. 212.055 shall be a discretionary surtax on all transactions occurring in the county which transactions are subject to the state tax imposed on sales, use, services, rentals, admissions, and other transactions by this chapter and communications services as defined for purposes of chapter 202. The surtax, if levied, shall be computed as the applicable rate or rates authorized pursuant to s. 212.055 times the amount of taxable sales and taxable purchases representing such transactions. If the surtax is levied on the sale of an item of tangible personal property or on the sale of a service, the surtax shall be computed by multiplying the rate imposed by the county within which the sale occurs by the amount of the taxable sale. The sale of an item of tangible personal property or the sale of a service is not subject to the surtax if the property, the service, or the tangible personal property representing the service is delivered within a county that does not impose a discretionary sales surtax.
1(b) However:
1. The sales amount above $5,000 on any item of tangible personal property shall not be subject to the surtax. However, charges for prepaid calling arrangements, as defined in s. 212.05(1)(e)1.a., shall be subject to the surtax. For purposes of administering the $5,000 limitation on an item of tangible personal property:
a. If two or more taxable items of tangible personal property are sold to the same purchaser at the same time and, under generally accepted business practice or industry standards or usage, are normally sold in bulk or are items that, when assembled, comprise a working unit or part of a working unit, such items must be considered a single item for purposes of the $5,000 limitation when supported by a charge ticket, sales slip, invoice, or other tangible evidence of a single sale or rental.
b. The sale of a boat and the corresponding boat trailer, which trailer is identified as a motor vehicle as defined in s. 320.01(1), must be taxed as a single item when sold to the same purchaser, at the same time, and included in the same invoice.
2. In the case of utility services billed on or after the effective date of any such surtax, the entire amount of the charge for utility services shall be subject to the surtax. In the case of utility services billed after the last day the surtax is in effect, the entire amount of the charge on said items shall not be subject to the surtax. “Utility service,” as used in this section, does not include any communications services as defined in chapter 202.
3. In the case of written contracts which are signed prior to the effective date of any such surtax for the construction of improvements to real property or for remodeling of existing structures, the surtax shall be paid by the contractor responsible for the performance of the contract. However, the contractor may apply for one refund of any such surtax paid on materials necessary for the completion of the contract. Any application for refund shall be made no later than 15 months following initial imposition of the surtax in that county. The application for refund shall be in the manner prescribed by the department by rule. A complete application shall include proof of the written contract and of payment of the surtax. The application shall contain a sworn statement, signed by the applicant or its representative, attesting to the validity of the application. The department shall, within 30 days after approval of a complete application, certify to the county information necessary for issuance of a refund to the applicant. Counties are hereby authorized to issue refunds for this purpose and shall set aside from the proceeds of the surtax a sum sufficient to pay any refund lawfully due. Any person who fraudulently obtains or attempts to obtain a refund pursuant to this subparagraph, in addition to being liable for repayment of any refund fraudulently obtained plus a mandatory penalty of 100 percent of the refund, is guilty of a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.
4. In the case of any vessel, railroad, or motor vehicle common carrier entitled to partial exemption from tax imposed under this chapter pursuant to s. 212.08(4), (8), or (9), the basis for imposition of surtax shall be the same as provided in s. 212.08 and the ratio shall be applied each month to total purchases in this state of property qualified for proration which is delivered or sold in the taxing county to establish the portion used and consumed in intracounty movement and subject to surtax.
(3) For the purpose of this section, a transaction shall be deemed to have occurred in a county imposing the surtax when:
1(a)1. The sale includes an item of tangible personal property, a service, or tangible personal property representing a service, and the item of tangible personal property, the service, or the tangible personal property representing the service is delivered within the county. If there is no reasonable evidence of delivery of a service, the sale of a service is deemed to occur in the county in which the purchaser accepts the bill of sale.
2. The sale of any motor vehicle or mobile home of a class or type which is required to be registered in this state or in any other state shall be deemed to have occurred only in the county identified as the residence address of the purchaser on the registration or title document for such property.
3. The sale of property under sub-subparagraph (2)(b)1.b. is deemed to occur in the county where the purchaser resides, as identified on the registration or title documents for such property.
(b) The event for which an admission is charged is located in the county.
(c) The consumer of utility services is located in the county.
(d)1. The user of any aircraft or boat of a class or type which is required to be registered, licensed, titled, or documented in this state or by the United States Government imported into the county for use, consumption, distribution, or storage to be used or consumed in the county is located in the county.
2. However, it shall be presumed that such items used outside the county for 6 months or longer before being imported into the county were not purchased for use in the county, except as provided in s. 212.06(8)(b).
3. This paragraph does not apply to the use or consumption of items upon which a like tax of equal or greater amount has been lawfully imposed and paid outside the county.
(e) The purchaser of any motor vehicle or mobile home of a class or type which is required to be registered in this state is a resident of the taxing county as determined by the address appearing on or to be reflected on the registration document for such property.
(f)1. Any motor vehicle or mobile home of a class or type which is required to be registered in this state is imported from another state into the taxing county by a user residing therein for the purpose of use, consumption, distribution, or storage in the taxing county.
2. However, it shall be presumed that such items used outside the taxing county for 6 months or longer before being imported into the county were not purchased for use in the county.
(g) The real property which is leased or rented is located in the county.
(h) The transient rental transaction occurs in the county.
(i) The delivery of any aircraft or boat of a class or type which is required to be registered, licensed, titled, or documented in this state or by the United States Government is to a location in the county. However, this paragraph does not apply to the use or consumption of items upon which a like tax of equal or greater amount has been lawfully imposed and paid outside the county.
(j) The dealer owing a use tax on purchases or leases is located in the county.
(k) The delivery of tangible personal property other than that described in paragraph (d), paragraph (e), or paragraph (f) is made to a location outside the county, but the property is brought into the county within 6 months after delivery, in which event, the owner must pay the surtax as a use tax.
(l) The coin-operated amusement or vending machine is located in the county.
(m) The florist taking the original order to sell tangible personal property is located in the county, notwithstanding any other provision of this section.
(4)(a) The department shall administer, collect, and enforce the tax authorized under s. 212.055 pursuant to the same procedures used in the administration, collection, and enforcement of the general state sales tax imposed under the provisions of this chapter, except as provided in this section. The provisions of this chapter regarding interest and penalties on delinquent taxes shall apply to the surtax. Discretionary sales surtaxes shall not be included in the computation of estimated taxes pursuant to s. 212.11. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a dealer need not separately state the amount of the surtax on the charge ticket, sales slip, invoice, or other tangible evidence of sale. For the purposes of this section and s. 212.055, the “proceeds” of any surtax means all funds collected and received by the department pursuant to a specific authorization and levy under s. 212.055, including any interest and penalties on delinquent surtaxes.
(b) The proceeds of a discretionary sales surtax collected by the selling dealer located in a county imposing the surtax shall be returned, less the cost of administration, to the county where the selling dealer is located. The proceeds shall be transferred to the Discretionary Sales Surtax Clearing Trust Fund. A separate account shall be established in the trust fund for each county imposing a discretionary surtax. The amount deducted for the costs of administration may not exceed 3 percent of the total revenue generated for all counties levying a surtax authorized in s. 212.055. The amount deducted for the costs of administration may be used only for costs that are solely and directly attributable to the surtax. The total cost of administration shall be prorated among those counties levying the surtax on the basis of the amount collected for a particular county to the total amount collected for all counties. The department shall distribute the moneys in the trust fund to the appropriate counties each month, unless otherwise provided in s. 212.055.
(c)1. Any dealer located in a county that does not impose a discretionary sales surtax, any marketplace provider that is a dealer under this chapter, or any person located outside this state who is required to collect and remit sales tax on remote sales who collects the surtax due to sales of tangible personal property or services delivered to a county imposing a surtax shall remit monthly the proceeds of the surtax to the department to be deposited into an account in the Discretionary Sales Surtax Clearing Trust Fund which is separate from the county surtax collection accounts. The department shall distribute funds in this account using a distribution factor determined for each county that levies a surtax and multiplied by the amount of funds in the account and available for distribution. The distribution factor for each county equals the product of:
a. The county’s latest official population determined pursuant to s. 186.901;
b. The county’s rate of surtax; and
c. The number of months the county has levied a surtax during the most recent distribution period;
divided by the sum of all such products of the counties levying the surtax during the most recent distribution period.
2. The department shall compute distribution factors for eligible counties once each quarter and make appropriate quarterly distributions.
3. A county that fails to timely provide the information required by this section to the department authorizes the department, by such action, to use the best information available to it in distributing surtax revenues to the county. If this information is unavailable to the department, the department may partially or entirely disqualify the county from receiving surtax revenues under this paragraph. A county that fails to provide timely information waives its right to challenge the department’s determination of the county’s share, if any, of revenues provided under this paragraph.
(5) No discretionary sales surtax or increase or decrease in the rate of any discretionary sales surtax shall take effect on a date other than January 1. No discretionary sales surtax shall terminate on a day other than December 31.
(6) The governing body of any county levying a discretionary sales surtax shall enact an ordinance levying the surtax in accordance with the procedures described in s. 125.66(2).
(7)(a) The governing body of any county levying a discretionary sales surtax or the school board of any county levying the school capital outlay surtax authorized by s. 212.055(6) shall notify the department within 10 days after final adoption by ordinance or referendum of an imposition, termination, or rate change of the surtax, but no later than November 16 prior to the effective date. The notice must specify the time period during which the surtax will be in effect and the rate and must include a copy of the ordinance and such other information as the department requires by rule. Failure to timely provide such notification to the department shall result in the delay of the effective date for a period of 1 year.
(b) In addition to the notification required by paragraph (a), the governing body of any county proposing to levy a discretionary sales surtax or the school board of any county proposing to levy the school capital outlay surtax authorized by s. 212.055(6) shall notify the department by October 1 if the referendum or consideration of the ordinance that would result in imposition, termination, or rate change of the surtax is scheduled to occur on or after October 1 of that year. Failure to timely provide such notification to the department shall result in the delay of the effective date for a period of 1 year.
(8) With respect to any motor vehicle or mobile home of a class or type which is required to be registered in this state, the tax due on a transaction occurring in the taxing county as herein provided shall be collected from the purchaser or user incident to the titling and registration of such property, irrespective of whether such titling or registration occurs in the taxing county.
1(9) If there has been a final adjudication that any discretionary sales surtax enacted pursuant to ss. 212.054 and 212.055 was enacted, levied, collected, or otherwise found to be contrary to the Constitution of the United States or the State Constitution, this subsection applies. For purposes of this subsection, a “final adjudication” is a final order of a court of competent jurisdiction from which no appeal can be taken or from which no appeal has been taken and the time for such appeal has expired.
(a) If such discretionary sales surtax has been collected, but not expended, any county, municipality, school board, or other entity that received funds from such surtax shall transfer the surtax proceeds, along with any interest earned upon such proceeds, to the department within 60 days from the date of the final adjudication. The department shall deposit all amounts received pursuant to this subsection in a separate account in the Discretionary Sales Surtax Clearing Trust Fund for that county for disposition as follows:
1. If there is no valid discretionary sales surtax being levied within the same county for which a discretionary sales surtax was found to be invalid as described in this subsection, 100 percent of such funds shall be held in reserve for appropriation in the General Appropriations Act that takes effect on the July 1 immediately following the transfer of such funds to the department under this paragraph.
2. If there is a valid discretionary sales surtax being levied within the same county for which a discretionary sales surtax was found to be invalid as described in this subsection:
a. Seventy-five percent of such funds shall be held in reserve for appropriation in the General Appropriations Act that takes effect on the July 1 preceding the discretionary sales surtax suspension in paragraph (b).
b. Twenty-five percent of such funds and all interest earned on all funds held in reserve under this sub-subparagraph shall be held in reserve for appropriation in the General Appropriations Act to be disposed of as provided in paragraph (b).
(b)1. If there are multiple valid discretionary sales surtaxes being levied within the same county for which a discretionary sales surtax was found to be invalid as described in this subsection, such surtaxes, other than the school capital outlay surtax authorized by s. 212.055(6), shall be temporarily suspended beginning October 1 of the calendar year following the calendar year the department receives such surtax proceeds under this paragraph, or January 1, 2025, whichever is later.
2. If there is only one valid discretionary sales surtax being levied within the same county for which a discretionary sales surtax was found to be invalid as described in this subsection, such surtax shall be temporarily suspended beginning October 1 of the calendar year following the calendar year the department receives such surtax proceeds.
3. The department shall continue to distribute moneys in the separate account in the Discretionary Sales Surtax Clearing Trust Fund for that county to such county, municipality, or school board in an amount equal to that which would have been distributed pursuant to all legally levied surtaxes in such county under this section but for the temporary suspension of such surtaxes under this subsection.
4. A county, municipality, or school board that receives funds under this paragraph from a single surtax shall use the funds consistent with the use for which the tax that was temporarily suspended under subparagraph 2. was levied. In case of a suspension pursuant to subparagraph 1., a county shall apportion the funds among the uses of the temporarily suspended discretionary sales surtaxes in proportion to the discretionary sales surtax rates.
5. The temporary suspension of surtaxes under this paragraph shall end on the last day of the month preceding the first month the department estimates that the balance of the separate account within the Discretionary Sales Surtax Clearing Trust Fund for that county will be insufficient to fully make the distribution necessary under subparagraph 3. Any remaining undistributed surtax proceeds shall be transferred to the General Revenue Fund.
6. The department shall monitor the balance of proceeds transferred to the department under this subsection and shall estimate the month in which the temporary discretionary sales surtax suspension will end. At least two months prior to the expiration of the temporary surtax suspension under this paragraph, the department shall provide notice to affected dealers and the public of when the suspension will end.
(c) Subsection (5) does not apply to the temporary suspension of surtaxes provided for under this subsection.
(d) Notwithstanding s. 215.26, any person who would otherwise be entitled to a refund of a discretionary sales surtax that is found to be invalid under this subsection may file a claim for a refund pursuant to the procedures provided in the General Appropriations Act referenced in paragraph (a), to the extent such act provides for refunds. Such refund claim must be filed between July 1 and December 31 of the state fiscal year for such General Appropriations Act.
(e) This subsection expires June 30, 2030.
History.—s. 69, ch. 85-342; s. 68, ch. 86-152; ss. 11, 84, ch. 87-6; ss. 10, 11, ch. 87-548; ss. 19, 37, ch. 88-119; s. 38, ch. 89-356; ss. 19, 31, ch. 90-132; s. 3, ch. 90-203; s. 1, ch. 91-81; ss. 28, 129, ch. 91-112; s. 2, ch. 93-222; s. 1, ch. 96-325; s. 24, ch. 96-397; s. 22, ch. 97-99; s. 3, ch. 98-141; s. 8, ch. 98-342; s. 39, ch. 2000-151; ss. 47, 49, 58, ch. 2000-260; ss. 28, 38, ch. 2001-140; s. 50, ch. 2010-102; s. 4, ch. 2021-2; s. 29, ch. 2024-158.
1Note.—Section 61, ch. 2024-158, provides:
“(1) The Department of Revenue is authorized, and all conditions are deemed met, to adopt emergency rules pursuant to s. 120.54(4), Florida Statutes, to implement the amendments made by this act to ss. 206.9931, 212.05, 212.054, 213.21, 213.67, 220.03, 220.19, 220.1915, 624.509, and 624.5107, Florida Statutes, and the creation by this act of ss. 211.0254, 212.1835, 220.1992, 402.261, and 561.1214, Florida Statutes. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, emergency rules adopted pursuant to this subsection are effective for 6 months after adoption and may be renewed during the pendency of procedures to adopt permanent rules addressing the subject of the emergency rules.
“(2) This section shall take effect upon this act becoming a law and expires July 1, 2027.”
212.055 Discretionary sales surtaxes; legislative intent; authorization and use of proceeds.—It is the legislative intent that any authorization for imposition of a discretionary sales surtax shall be published in the Florida Statutes as a subsection of this section, irrespective of the duration of the levy. Each enactment shall specify the types of counties authorized to levy; the rate or rates which may be imposed; the maximum length of time the surtax may be imposed, if any; the procedure which must be followed to secure voter approval, if required; the purpose for which the proceeds may be expended; and such other requirements as the Legislature may provide. Taxable transactions and administrative procedures shall be as provided in s. 212.054.
(1) CHARTER COUNTY AND REGIONAL TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM SURTAX.—
(a) Each charter county that has adopted a charter, each county the government of which is consolidated with that of one or more municipalities, and each county that is within or under an interlocal agreement with a regional transportation or transit authority created under chapter 343 or chapter 349 may levy a discretionary sales surtax, subject to approval by a majority vote of the electorate of the county or by a charter amendment approved by a majority vote of the electorate of the county.
(b) The rate shall be up to 1 percent.
(c)1. The proposal to adopt a discretionary sales surtax as provided in this subsection and to create a trust fund within the county accounts shall be placed on the ballot in accordance with law and must be approved in a referendum held at a general election in accordance with subsection (10).
2. If the proposal to adopt a surtax is by initiative, the petition sponsor must, at least 180 days before the proposed referendum, comply with all of the following:
a. Provide a copy of the final resolution or ordinance to the Office of Program Policy Analysis and Government Accountability. The Office of Program Policy Analysis and Government Accountability shall procure a certified public accountant in accordance with subsection (11) for the performance audit.
b. File the initiative petition and its required valid signatures with the supervisor of elections. The supervisor of elections shall verify signatures and retain signature forms in the same manner as required for initiatives under s. 100.371(11).
3. The failure of an initiative sponsor to comply with the requirements of subparagraph 2. renders any referendum held void.
(d)1. Except as set forth in subparagraph 2., proceeds from the surtax shall be applied to as many or as few of the uses enumerated below in whatever combination the county commission deems appropriate:
a. Deposited by the county in the trust fund and shall be used for the purposes of development, construction, equipment, maintenance, operation, supportive services, including a countywide bus system, on-demand transportation services, and related costs of a fixed guideway rapid transit system;
b. Remitted by the governing body of the county to an expressway, transit, or transportation authority created by law to be used, at the discretion of such authority, for the development, construction, operation, or maintenance of roads or bridges in the county, for the operation and maintenance of a bus system, for the operation and maintenance of on-demand transportation services, for the payment of principal and interest on existing bonds issued for the construction of such roads or bridges, and, upon approval by the county commission, such proceeds may be pledged for bonds issued to refinance existing bonds or new bonds issued for the construction of such roads or bridges; and
c. Used by the county for the planning, development, construction, operation, and maintenance of roads and bridges in the county; for the planning, development, expansion, operation, and maintenance of bus and fixed guideway systems; for the planning, development, construction, expansion, operation, and maintenance of on-demand transportation services; and for the payment of principal and interest on bonds issued for the construction of fixed guideway rapid transit systems, bus systems, roads, or bridges; and such proceeds may be pledged by the governing body of the county for bonds issued to refinance existing bonds or new bonds issued for the construction of such fixed guideway rapid transit systems, bus systems, roads, or bridges. Pursuant to an interlocal agreement entered into pursuant to chapter 163, the governing body of the county may distribute proceeds from the tax to a municipality, or an expressway or transportation authority created by law to be expended for the purpose authorized by this paragraph. Any county that has entered into interlocal agreements for distribution of proceeds to one or more municipalities in the county shall revise such interlocal agreements no less than every 5 years in order to include any municipalities that have been created since the prior interlocal agreements were executed.
2.a. To the extent not prohibited by contracts or bond covenants in effect on that date, a county as defined in s. 125.011(1) shall use proceeds from the surtax only for the following purposes:
(I) The planning, design, engineering, or construction of fixed guideway rapid transit systems, rail systems, and bus systems, including bus rapid transit systems, and for the development of dedicated facilities for autonomous vehicles as defined in s. 316.003.
(II) The acquisition of rights-of-way for fixed guideway rapid transit systems, rail systems, and bus systems, including bus rapid transit systems, and for the development of dedicated facilities for autonomous vehicles as defined in s. 316.003.
(III) The purchase of buses or other capital costs for bus systems, including bus rapid transit systems.
(IV) The payment of principal and interest on bonds previously issued related to fixed guideway rapid transit systems, rail systems, or bus systems.
(V) As security by the governing body of the county to refinance existing bonds or to issue new bonds for the planning, design, engineering, or construction of fixed guideway rapid transit systems, rail systems, bus rapid transit systems, or bus systems.
(VI) For the operation and maintenance of fixed guideway rapid transit systems and bus routes or extensions thereof, including bus rapid transit systems, which were implemented or constructed subsequent to the passage of the surtax, and for operation and maintenance of services authorized by electors in passing the surtax or included in the ordinance authorizing the levy of the surtax subject to the electorate’s approval.
b. To the extent not prohibited by contracts or bond covenants in effect on October 1, 2022, no more than 25 percent of the surtax proceeds may be distributed to municipalities in total in a county as defined in s. 125.011(1). Such municipalities may use the surtax proceeds to plan, develop, construct, operate, and maintain roads and bridges in the municipality and to pay the principal and interest on bonds issued to construct roads or bridges. The governing body of the municipality may pledge the proceeds for bonds issued to refinance existing bonds or new bonds issued to construct such roads or bridges. Additionally, each such municipality may use surtax proceeds for transit systems within the municipality.
(e) As used in this subsection, the term “on-demand transportation services” means transportation provided between flexible points of origin and destination selected by individual users with such service being provided at a time that is agreed upon by the user and the provider of the service and that is not fixed-schedule or fixed-route in nature.
(f) Any discretionary sales surtax levied under this subsection pursuant to a referendum held on or after July 1, 2020, may not be levied for more than 30 years.
(2) LOCAL GOVERNMENT INFRASTRUCTURE SURTAX.—
(a)1. The governing authority in each county may levy a discretionary sales surtax of 0.5 percent or 1 percent. The levy of the surtax shall be pursuant to ordinance enacted by a majority of the members of the county governing authority and approved by a majority of the electors of the county voting in a referendum on the surtax. If the governing bodies of the municipalities representing a majority of the county’s population adopt uniform resolutions establishing the rate of the surtax and calling for a referendum on the surtax, the levy of the surtax shall be placed on the ballot and shall take effect if approved by a majority of the electors of the county voting in the referendum on the surtax.
2. If the surtax was levied pursuant to a referendum held before July 1, 1993, the surtax may not be levied beyond the time established in the ordinance, or, if the ordinance did not limit the period of the levy, the surtax may not be levied for more than 15 years. The levy of such surtax may be extended only by approval of a majority of the electors of the county voting in a referendum on the surtax.
(b) A statement which includes a brief general description of the projects to be funded by the surtax and which conforms to the requirements of s. 101.161 shall be placed on the ballot by the governing authority of any county which enacts an ordinance calling for a referendum on the levy of the surtax or in which the governing bodies of the municipalities representing a majority of the county’s population adopt uniform resolutions calling for a referendum on the surtax. The following question shall be placed on the ballot:
| FOR the | -cent sales tax |
| AGAINST the | -cent sales tax |
(c) Pursuant to s. 212.054(4), the proceeds of the surtax levied under this subsection shall be distributed to the county and the municipalities within such county in which the surtax was collected, according to:
1. An interlocal agreement between the county governing authority and the governing bodies of the municipalities representing a majority of the county’s municipal population, which agreement may include a school district with the consent of the county governing authority and the governing bodies of the municipalities representing a majority of the county’s municipal population; or
2. If there is no interlocal agreement, according to the formula provided in s. 218.62.
Any change in the distribution formula must take effect on the first day of any month that begins at least 60 days after written notification of that change has been made to the department.
(d) The proceeds of the surtax authorized by this subsection and any accrued interest shall be expended by the school district, within the county and municipalities within the county, or, in the case of a negotiated joint county agreement, within another county, to finance, plan, and construct infrastructure; to acquire any interest in land for public recreation, conservation, or protection of natural resources or to prevent or satisfy private property rights claims resulting from limitations imposed by the designation of an area of critical state concern; to provide loans, grants, or rebates to residential or commercial property owners who make energy efficiency improvements to their residential or commercial property, if a local government ordinance authorizing such use is approved by referendum; or to finance the closure of county-owned or municipally owned solid waste landfills that have been closed or are required to be closed by order of the Department of Environmental Protection. Any use of the proceeds or interest for purposes of landfill closure before July 1, 1993, is ratified. The proceeds and any interest may not be used for the operational expenses of infrastructure, except that a county that has a population of fewer than 75,000 and that is required to close a landfill may use the proceeds or interest for long-term maintenance costs associated with landfill closure. Counties, as defined in s. 125.011, and charter counties may, in addition, use the proceeds or interest to retire or service indebtedness incurred for bonds issued before July 1, 1987, for infrastructure purposes, and for bonds subsequently issued to refund such bonds. Any use of the proceeds or interest for purposes of retiring or servicing indebtedness incurred for refunding bonds before July 1, 1999, is ratified.
1. For the purposes of this paragraph, the term “infrastructure” means:
a. Any fixed capital expenditure or fixed capital outlay associated with the construction, reconstruction, or improvement of public facilities that have a life expectancy of 5 or more years, any related land acquisition, land improvement, design, and engineering costs, and all other professional and related costs required to bring the public facilities into service. For purposes of this sub-subparagraph, the term “public facilities” means facilities as defined in s. 163.3164(41), s. 163.3221(13), or s. 189.012(5), and includes facilities that are necessary to carry out governmental purposes, including, but not limited to, fire stations, general governmental office buildings, and animal shelters, regardless of whether the facilities are owned by the local taxing authority or another governmental entity.
b. A fire department vehicle, an emergency medical service vehicle, a sheriff’s office vehicle, a police department vehicle, or any other vehicle, and the equipment necessary to outfit the vehicle for its official use or equipment that has a life expectancy of at least 5 years.
c. Any expenditure for the construction, lease, or maintenance of, or provision of utilities or security for, facilities, as defined in s. 29.008.
d. Any fixed capital expenditure or fixed capital outlay associated with the improvement of private facilities that have a life expectancy of 5 or more years and that the owner agrees to make available for use on a temporary basis as needed by a local government as a public emergency shelter or a staging area for emergency response equipment during an emergency officially declared by the state or by the local government under s. 252.38. Such improvements are limited to those necessary to comply with current standards for public emergency evacuation shelters. The owner must enter into a written contract with the local government providing the improvement funding to make the private facility available to the public for purposes of emergency shelter at no cost to the local government for a minimum of 10 years after completion of the improvement, with the provision that the obligation will transfer to any subsequent owner until the end of the minimum period.
e. Any land acquisition expenditure for a residential housing project in which at least 30 percent of the units are affordable to individuals or families whose total annual household income does not exceed 120 percent of the area median income adjusted for household size, if the land is owned by a local government or by a special district that enters into a written agreement with the local government to provide such housing. The local government or special district may enter into a ground lease with a public or private person or entity for nominal or other consideration for the construction of the residential housing project on land acquired pursuant to this sub-subparagraph.
f. Instructional technology used solely in a school district’s classrooms. As used in this sub-subparagraph, the term “instructional technology” means an interactive device that assists a teacher in instructing a class or a group of students and includes the necessary hardware and software to operate the interactive device. The term also includes support systems in which an interactive device may mount and is not required to be affixed to the facilities.
2. For the purposes of this paragraph, the term “energy efficiency improvement” means any energy conservation and efficiency improvement that reduces consumption through conservation or a more efficient use of electricity, natural gas, propane, or other forms of energy on the property, including, but not limited to, air sealing; installation of insulation; installation of energy-efficient heating, cooling, or ventilation systems; installation of solar panels; building modifications to increase the use of daylight or shade; replacement of windows; installation of energy controls or energy recovery systems; installation of electric vehicle charging equipment; installation of systems for natural gas fuel as defined in s. 206.9951; and installation of efficient lighting equipment.
3. Notwithstanding any other provision of this subsection, a local government infrastructure surtax imposed or extended after July 1, 1998, may allocate up to 15 percent of the surtax proceeds for deposit into a trust fund within the county’s accounts created for the purpose of funding economic development projects having a general public purpose of improving local economies, including the funding of operational costs and incentives related to economic development. The ballot statement must indicate the intention to make an allocation under the authority of this subparagraph.
(e) School districts, counties, and municipalities receiving proceeds under the provisions of this subsection may pledge such proceeds for the purpose of servicing new bond indebtedness incurred pursuant to law. Local governments may use the services of the Division of Bond Finance of the State Board of Administration pursuant to the State Bond Act to issue any bonds through the provisions of this subsection. Counties and municipalities may join together for the issuance of bonds authorized by this subsection.
(f)1. Notwithstanding paragraph (d), a county that has a population of 50,000 or less on April 1, 1992, or any county designated as an area of critical state concern on the effective date of this act, and that imposed the surtax before July 1, 1992, may use the proceeds and interest of the surtax for any public purpose if:
a. The debt service obligations for any year are met;
b. The county’s comprehensive plan has been determined to be in compliance with part II of chapter 163; and
c. The county has adopted an amendment to the surtax ordinance pursuant to the procedure provided in s. 125.66 authorizing additional uses of the surtax proceeds and interest.
2. A municipality located within a county that has a population of 50,000 or less on April 1, 1992, or within a county designated as an area of critical state concern on the effective date of this act, and that imposed the surtax before July 1, 1992, may not use the proceeds and interest of the surtax for any purpose other than an infrastructure purpose authorized in paragraph (d) unless the municipality’s comprehensive plan has been determined to be in compliance with part II of chapter 163 and the municipality has adopted an amendment to its surtax ordinance or resolution pursuant to the procedure provided in s. 166.041 authorizing additional uses of the surtax proceeds and interest. Such municipality may expend the surtax proceeds and interest for any public purpose authorized in the amendment.
3. Those counties designated as an area of critical state concern which qualify to use the surtax for any public purpose may use only up to 10 percent of the surtax proceeds for any public purpose other than for infrastructure purposes authorized by this section. A county that was designated as an area of critical state concern for at least 20 consecutive years prior to removal of the designation, and that qualified to use the surtax for any public purpose at the time of the removal of the designation, may continue to use up to 10 percent of the surtax proceeds for any public purpose other than for infrastructure purposes for 20 years following removal of the designation, notwithstanding subparagraph (a)2. After expiration of the 20-year period, a county may continue to use up to 10 percent of the surtax proceeds for any public purpose other than for infrastructure if the county adopts an ordinance providing for such continued use of the surtax proceeds.
(g) Notwithstanding paragraph (d), a county having a population greater than 75,000 in which the taxable value of real property is less than 60 percent of the just value of real property for ad valorem tax purposes for the tax year in which an infrastructure surtax referendum is placed before the voters, and the municipalities within such a county, may use the proceeds and interest of the surtax for operation and maintenance of parks and recreation programs and facilities established with the proceeds of the surtax throughout the duration of the surtax levy or while interest earnings accruing from the proceeds of the surtax are available for such use, whichever period is longer.
(h) Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, a county shall not levy local option sales surtaxes authorized in this subsection and subsections (3), (4), and (5) in excess of a combined rate of 1 percent.
(3) SMALL COUNTY SURTAX.—
(a) The governing authority in each county that has a population of 50,000 or less on April 1, 1992, may levy a discretionary sales surtax of 0.5 percent or 1 percent. The levy of the surtax shall be pursuant to ordinance enacted by an extraordinary vote of the members of the county governing authority if the surtax revenues are expended for operating purposes. If the surtax revenues are expended for the purpose of servicing bond indebtedness, the surtax shall be approved by a majority of the electors of the county voting in a referendum on the surtax.
(b) A statement that includes a brief general description of the projects to be funded by the surtax and conforms to the requirements of s. 101.161 shall be placed on the ballot by the governing authority of any county that enacts an ordinance calling for a referendum on the levy of the surtax for the purpose of servicing bond indebtedness. The following question shall be placed on the ballot:
| FOR the | -cent sales tax |
| AGAINST the | -cent sales tax |
(c) Pursuant to s. 212.054(4), the proceeds of the surtax levied under this subsection shall be distributed to the county and the municipalities within the county in which the surtax was collected, according to:
1. An interlocal agreement between the county governing authority and the governing bodies of the municipalities representing a majority of the county’s municipal population, which agreement may include a school district with the consent of the county governing authority and the governing bodies of the municipalities representing a majority of the county’s municipal population; or
2. If there is no interlocal agreement, according to the formula provided in s. 218.62.
Any change in the distribution formula shall take effect on the first day of any month that begins at least 60 days after written notification of that change has been made to the department.
(d)1. If the surtax is levied pursuant to a referendum, the proceeds of the surtax and any interest accrued thereto may be expended by the school district or within the county and municipalities within the county, or, in the case of a negotiated joint county agreement, within another county, for the purpose of servicing bond indebtedness to finance, plan, and construct infrastructure and to acquire land for public recreation or conservation or protection of natural resources. However, if the surtax is levied pursuant to an ordinance approved by an extraordinary vote of the members of the county governing authority, the proceeds and any interest accrued thereto may be used for operational expenses of any infrastructure or for any public purpose authorized in the ordinance under which the surtax is levied.
2. For the purposes of this paragraph, “infrastructure” means any fixed capital expenditure or fixed capital costs associated with the construction, reconstruction, or improvement of public facilities that have a life expectancy of 5 or more years and any land acquisition, land improvement, design, and engineering costs related thereto.
(e) A school district, county, or municipality that receives proceeds under this subsection following a referendum may pledge the proceeds for the purpose of servicing new bond indebtedness incurred pursuant to law. Local governments may use the services of the Division of Bond Finance pursuant to the State Bond Act to issue any bonds through the provisions of this subsection. A jurisdiction may not issue bonds pursuant to this subsection more frequently than once per year. A county and municipality may join together to issue bonds authorized by this subsection.
(f) Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, a county shall not levy local option sales surtaxes authorized in this subsection and subsections (2), (4), and (5) in excess of a combined rate of 1 percent.
(4) INDIGENT CARE AND TRAUMA CENTER SURTAX.—
(a)1. The governing body in each county that has a population of at least 800,000 residents and is not authorized to levy a surtax under subsection (5), may levy, pursuant to an ordinance conditioned to take effect only upon approval by a majority vote of the electors of the county voting in a referendum, a discretionary sales surtax at a rate that may not exceed 0.5 percent.
2. A statement that includes a brief and general description of the purposes to be funded by the surtax and that conforms to the requirements of s. 101.161 shall be placed on the ballot by the governing body of the county. The following questions shall be placed on the ballot:
FOR THE. . . .CENTS TAX
AGAINST THE. . . .CENTS TAX
3. The ordinance adopted by the governing body providing for the imposition of the surtax shall set forth a plan for providing health care services to qualified residents, as defined in subparagraph 4. Such plan and subsequent amendments to it shall fund a broad range of health care services for both indigent persons and the medically poor, including, but not limited to, primary care and preventive care as well as hospital care. The plan must also address the services to be provided by the Level I trauma center. It shall emphasize a continuity of care in the most cost-effective setting, taking into consideration both a high quality of care and geographic access. Where consistent with these objectives, it shall include, without limitation, services rendered by physicians, clinics, community hospitals, mental health centers, and alternative delivery sites, as well as at least one regional referral hospital where appropriate. It shall provide that agreements negotiated between the county and providers, including hospitals with a Level I trauma center, will include reimbursement methodologies that take into account the cost of services rendered to eligible patients, recognize hospitals that render a disproportionate share of indigent care, provide other incentives to promote the delivery of charity care, promote the advancement of technology in medical services, recognize the level of responsiveness to medical needs in trauma cases, and require cost containment including, but not limited to, case management. It must also provide that any hospitals that are owned and operated by government entities on May 21, 1991, must, as a condition of receiving funds under this subsection, afford public access equal to that provided under s. 286.011 as to meetings of the governing board, the subject of which is budgeting resources for the rendition of charity care as that term is defined in the Florida Hospital Uniform Reporting System (FHURS) manual referenced in s. 408.07. The plan shall also include innovative health care programs that provide cost-effective alternatives to traditional methods of service delivery and funding.
4. For the purpose of this paragraph, the term “qualified resident” means residents of the authorizing county who are:
a. Qualified as indigent persons as certified by the authorizing county;
b. Certified by the authorizing county as meeting the definition of the medically poor, defined as persons having insufficient income, resources, and assets to provide the needed medical care without using resources required to meet basic needs for shelter, food, clothing, and personal expenses; or not being eligible for any other state or federal program, or having medical needs that are not covered by any such program; or having insufficient third-party insurance coverage. In all cases, the authorizing county is intended to serve as the payor of last resort; or
c. Participating in innovative, cost-effective programs approved by the authorizing county.
5. Moneys collected pursuant to this paragraph remain the property of the state and shall be distributed by the Department of Revenue on a regular and periodic basis to the clerk of the circuit court as ex officio custodian of the funds of the authorizing county. The clerk of the circuit court shall:
a. Maintain the moneys in an indigent health care trust fund;
b. Invest any funds held on deposit in the trust fund pursuant to general law;
c. Disburse the funds, including any interest earned, to any provider of health care services, as provided in subparagraphs 3. and 4., upon directive from the authorizing county. However, if a county has a population of at least 800,000 residents and has levied the surtax authorized in this paragraph, notwithstanding any directive from the authorizing county, on October 1 of each calendar year, the clerk of the court shall issue a check in the amount of $6.5 million to a hospital in its jurisdiction that has a Level I trauma center or shall issue a check in the amount of $3.5 million to a hospital in its jurisdiction that has a Level I trauma center if that county enacts and implements a hospital lien law in accordance with chapter 98-499, Laws of Florida. The issuance of the checks on October 1 of each year is provided in recognition of the Level I trauma center status and shall be in addition to the base contract amount received during fiscal year 1999-2000 and any additional amount negotiated to the base contract. If the hospital receiving funds for its Level I trauma center status requests such funds to be used to generate federal matching funds under Medicaid, the clerk of the court shall instead issue a check to the Agency for Health Care Administration to accomplish that purpose to the extent that it is allowed through the General Appropriations Act; and
d. Prepare on a biennial basis an audit of the trust fund specified in sub-subparagraph a. Commencing February 1, 2004, such audit shall be delivered to the governing body and to the chair of the legislative delegation of each authorizing county.
6. Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, a county shall not levy local option sales surtaxes authorized in this paragraph and subsections (2) and (3) in excess of a combined rate of 1 percent.
(b) Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, the governing body in each county the government of which is not consolidated with that of one or more municipalities and which has a population of less than 800,000 residents, may levy, by ordinance subject to approval by a majority of the electors of the county voting in a referendum, a discretionary sales surtax at a rate that may not exceed 0.25 percent for the sole purpose of funding trauma services provided by a trauma center licensed pursuant to chapter 395.
1. A statement that includes a brief and general description of the purposes to be funded by the surtax and that conforms to the requirements of s. 101.161 shall be placed on the ballot by the governing body of the county. The following shall be placed on the ballot:
FOR THE. . . .CENTS TAX
AGAINST THE. . . .CENTS TAX
2. The ordinance adopted by the governing body of the county providing for the imposition of the surtax shall set forth a plan for providing trauma services to trauma victims presenting in the trauma service area in which such county is located.
3. Moneys collected pursuant to this paragraph remain the property of the state and shall be distributed by the Department of Revenue on a regular and periodic basis to the clerk of the circuit court as ex officio custodian of the funds of the authorizing county. The clerk of the circuit court shall:
a. Maintain the moneys in a trauma services trust fund.
b. Invest any funds held on deposit in the trust fund pursuant to general law.
c. Disburse the funds, including any interest earned on such funds, to the trauma center in its trauma service area, as provided in the plan set forth pursuant to subparagraph 2., upon directive from the authorizing county. If the trauma center receiving funds requests such funds be used to generate federal matching funds under Medicaid, the custodian of the funds shall instead issue a check to the Agency for Health Care Administration to accomplish that purpose to the extent that the agency is allowed through the General Appropriations Act.
d. Prepare on a biennial basis an audit of the trauma services trust fund specified in sub-subparagraph a., to be delivered to the authorizing county.
4. A discretionary sales surtax imposed pursuant to this paragraph shall expire 4 years after the effective date of the surtax, unless reenacted by ordinance subject to approval by a majority of the electors of the county voting in a subsequent referendum.
5. Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, a county shall not levy local option sales surtaxes authorized in this paragraph and subsections (2) and (3) in excess of a combined rate of 1 percent.
(5) COUNTY PUBLIC HOSPITAL SURTAX.—Any county as defined in s. 125.011(1) may levy the surtax authorized in this subsection pursuant to an ordinance either approved by extraordinary vote of the county commission or conditioned to take effect only upon approval by a majority vote of the electors of the county voting in a referendum. In a county as defined in s. 125.011(1), for the purposes of this subsection, “county public general hospital” means a general hospital as defined in s. 395.002 which is owned, operated, maintained, or governed by the county or its agency, authority, or public health trust.
(a) The rate shall be 0.5 percent.
(b) If the ordinance is conditioned on a referendum, the proposal to adopt the county public hospital surtax shall be placed on the ballot in accordance with subsection (10). The referendum question on the ballot shall include a brief general description of the health care services to be funded by the surtax.
(c) Proceeds from the surtax shall be:
1. Deposited by the county in a special fund, set aside from other county funds, to be used only for the operation, maintenance, and administration of the county public general hospital; and
2. Remitted promptly by the county to the agency, authority, or public health trust created by law which administers or operates the county public general hospital.
(d) Except as provided in subparagraphs 1. and 2., the county must continue to contribute each year an amount equal to at least 80 percent of that percentage of the total county budget appropriated for the operation, administration, and maintenance of the county public general hospital from the county’s general revenues in the fiscal year of the county ending September 30, 1991:
1. Twenty-five percent of such amount must be remitted to a governing board, agency, or authority that is wholly independent from the public health trust, agency, or authority responsible for the county public general hospital, to be used solely for the purpose of funding the plan for indigent health care services provided for in paragraph (e);
2. However, in the first year of the plan, a total of $10 million shall be remitted to such governing board, agency, or authority, to be used solely for the purpose of funding the plan for indigent health care services provided for in paragraph (e), and in the second year of the plan, a total of $15 million shall be so remitted and used.
(e) A governing board, agency, or authority shall be chartered by the county commission upon this act becoming law. The governing board, agency, or authority shall adopt and implement a health care plan for indigent health care services. The governing board, agency, or authority shall consist of no more than seven and no fewer than five members appointed by the county commission. The members of the governing board, agency, or authority shall be at least 18 years of age and residents of the county. No member may be employed by or affiliated with a health care provider or the public health trust, agency, or authority responsible for the county public general hospital. The following community organizations shall each appoint a representative to a nominating committee: the South Florida Hospital and Healthcare Association, the Miami-Dade County Public Health Trust, the Dade County Medical Association, the Miami-Dade County Homeless Trust, and the Mayor of Miami-Dade County. This committee shall nominate between 10 and 14 county citizens for the governing board, agency, or authority. The slate shall be presented to the county commission and the county commission shall confirm the top five to seven nominees, depending on the size of the governing board. Until such time as the governing board, agency, or authority is created, the funds provided for in subparagraph (d)2. shall be placed in a restricted account set aside from other county funds and not disbursed by the county for any other purpose.
1. The plan shall divide the county into a minimum of four and maximum of six service areas, with no more than one participant hospital per service area. The county public general hospital shall be designated as the provider for one of the service areas. Services shall be provided through participants’ primary acute care facilities.
2. The plan and subsequent amendments to it shall fund a defined range of health care services for both indigent persons and the medically poor, including primary care, preventive care, hospital emergency room care, and hospital care necessary to stabilize the patient. For the purposes of this section, “stabilization” means stabilization as defined in s. 397.311. Where consistent with these objectives, the plan may include services rendered by physicians, clinics, community hospitals, and alternative delivery sites, as well as at least one regional referral hospital per service area. The plan shall provide that agreements negotiated between the governing board, agency, or authority and providers shall recognize hospitals that render a disproportionate share of indigent care, provide other incentives to promote the delivery of charity care to draw down federal funds where appropriate, and require cost containment, including, but not limited to, case management. From the funds specified in subparagraphs (d)1. and 2. for indigent health care services, service providers shall receive reimbursement at a Medicaid rate to be determined by the governing board, agency, or authority created pursuant to this paragraph for the initial emergency room visit, and a per-member per-month fee or capitation for those members enrolled in their service area, as compensation for the services rendered following the initial emergency visit. Except for provisions of emergency services, upon determination of eligibility, enrollment shall be deemed to have occurred at the time services were rendered. The provisions for specific reimbursement of emergency services shall be repealed on July 1, 2001, unless otherwise reenacted by the Legislature. The capitation amount or rate shall be determined before program implementation by an independent actuarial consultant. In no event shall such reimbursement rates exceed the Medicaid rate. The plan must also provide that any hospitals owned and operated by government entities on or after the effective date of this act must, as a condition of receiving funds under this subsection, afford public access equal to that provided under s. 286.011 as to any meeting of the governing board, agency, or authority the subject of which is budgeting resources for the retention of charity care, as that term is defined in the rules of the Agency for Health Care Administration. The plan shall also include innovative health care programs that provide cost-effective alternatives to traditional methods of service and delivery funding.
3. The plan’s benefits shall be made available to all county residents currently eligible to receive health care services as indigents or medically poor as defined in paragraph (4)(d).
4. Eligible residents who participate in the health care plan shall receive coverage for a period of 12 months or the period extending from the time of enrollment to the end of the current fiscal year, per enrollment period, whichever is less.
5. At the end of each fiscal year, the governing board, agency, or authority shall prepare an audit that reviews the budget of the plan, delivery of services, and quality of services, and makes recommendations to increase the plan’s efficiency. The audit shall take into account participant hospital satisfaction with the plan and assess the amount of poststabilization patient transfers requested, and accepted or denied, by the county public general hospital.
(f) Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, a county may not levy local option sales surtaxes authorized in this subsection and subsections (2) and (3) in excess of a combined rate of 1 percent.
(6) SCHOOL CAPITAL OUTLAY SURTAX.—
(a) The school board in each county may levy, pursuant to resolution conditioned to take effect only upon approval by a majority vote of the electors of the county voting in a referendum, a discretionary sales surtax at a rate that may not exceed 0.5 percent.
(b) The resolution must include a statement that provides a brief and general description of the school capital outlay projects to be funded by the surtax. The resolution must include a statement that the revenues collected must be shared with eligible charter schools based on their proportionate share of the total school district enrollment. The statement must conform to the requirements of s. 101.161 and shall be placed on the ballot by the governing body of the county. The following question shall be placed on the ballot:
FOR THE | CENTS TAX |
AGAINST THE | CENTS TAX |
(c) The resolution providing for the imposition of the surtax must set forth a plan for use of the surtax proceeds for fixed capital expenditures or fixed capital costs associated with the construction, reconstruction, or improvement of school facilities and campuses which have a useful life expectancy of 5 or more years, and any land acquisition, land improvement, design, and engineering costs related thereto, or any purchase, lease-purchase, lease, or maintenance of school buses, as defined in s. 1006.25, which have a life expectancy of 5 years or more. Additionally, the plan shall include the costs of retrofitting and providing for technology implementation, including hardware and software, for the various sites within the school district. Surtax revenues may be used to service bond indebtedness to finance projects authorized by this subsection, and any interest accrued thereto may be held in trust to finance such projects. Neither the proceeds of the surtax nor any interest accrued thereto shall be used for operational expenses. Surtax revenues shared with charter schools shall be shared based on their proportionate share of total school district capital outlay full-time equivalent enrollment as adopted by the education estimating conference established in s. 216.136 and expended by the charter school in a manner consistent with the allowable uses set forth in s. 1013.62(4). All revenues and expenditures shall be accounted for in a charter school’s monthly or quarterly financial statement pursuant to s. 1002.33(9). The eligibility of a charter school to receive funds under this subsection shall be determined in accordance with s. 1013.62(1). If a school’s charter is not renewed or is terminated and the school is dissolved under the provisions of law under which the school was organized, any unencumbered funds received under this subsection shall revert to the sponsor.
(d) Surtax revenues collected by the Department of Revenue pursuant to this subsection shall be distributed to the school board imposing the surtax in accordance with law.
(7) VOTER-APPROVED INDIGENT CARE SURTAX.—
(a)1. The governing body in each county that has a population of fewer than 800,000 residents may levy an indigent care surtax pursuant to an ordinance conditioned to take effect only upon approval by a majority vote of the electors of the county voting in a referendum. The surtax may be levied at a rate not to exceed 0.5 percent, except that if a publicly supported medical school is located in the county, the rate shall not exceed 1 percent.
2. Notwithstanding subparagraph 1., the governing body of any county that has a population of fewer than 50,000 residents may levy an indigent care surtax pursuant to an ordinance conditioned to take effect only upon approval by a majority vote of the electors of the county voting in a referendum. The surtax may be levied at a rate not to exceed 1 percent.
(b) A statement that includes a brief and general description of the purposes to be funded by the surtax and that conforms to the requirements of s. 101.161 shall be placed on the ballot by the governing body of the county. The following questions shall be placed on the ballot:
FOR THE. . . .CENTS TAX
AGAINST THE. . . .CENTS TAX
(c)1. The ordinance adopted by the governing body providing for the imposition of the surtax must set forth a plan for providing health care services to qualified residents, as defined in paragraph (d). The plan and subsequent amendments to it shall fund a broad range of health care services for indigent persons and the medically poor, including, but not limited to, primary care and preventive care, as well as hospital care. It shall emphasize a continuity of care in the most cost-effective setting, taking into consideration a high quality of care and geographic access. Where consistent with these objectives, it shall include, without limitation, services rendered by physicians, clinics, community hospitals, mental health centers, and alternative delivery sites, as well as at least one regional referral hospital where appropriate. It shall provide that agreements negotiated between the county and providers shall include reimbursement methodologies that take into account the cost of services rendered to eligible patients, recognize hospitals that render a disproportionate share of indigent care, provide other incentives to promote the delivery of charity care, and require cost containment, including, but not limited to, case management. The plan must also include innovative health care programs that provide cost-effective alternatives to traditional methods of service delivery and funding.
2. In addition to the uses specified or services required to be provided under this subsection, the ordinance adopted by a county that has a population of fewer than 50,000 residents may pledge surtax proceeds to service new or existing bond indebtedness incurred to finance, plan, construct, or reconstruct a public or not-for-profit hospital in such county and any land acquisition, land improvement, design, or engineering costs related to such hospital, if the governing body of the county determines that a public or not-for-profit hospital existing at the time of issuance of the bonds authorized under this subparagraph would, more likely than not, otherwise cease to operate. The plan required under this paragraph may, by an extraordinary vote of the governing body of such county, provide that some or all of the surtax revenues and any interest earned must be expended for the purpose of servicing such bond indebtedness. Such county may also use the services of the Division of Bond Finance of the State Board of Administration pursuant to the State Bond Act to issue bonds under this subparagraph. A jurisdiction may not issue bonds under this subparagraph more frequently than once per year. Any county that has a population of fewer than 50,000 residents at the time any bonds authorized in this subparagraph are issued retains the authority granted under this subparagraph throughout the terms of such bonds, including the term of any refinancing bonds, regardless of any subsequent increase in population which would result in such county having 50,000 or more residents.
(d) For the purpose of this subsection, the term “qualified residents” means residents of the authorizing county who are:
1. Qualified as indigent persons as certified by the authorizing county;
2. Certified by the authorizing county as meeting the definition of the medically poor, defined as persons having insufficient income, resources, and assets to provide the needed medical care without using resources required to meet basic needs for shelter, food, clothing, and personal expenses; not being eligible for any other state or federal program or having medical needs that are not covered by any such program; or having insufficient third-party insurance coverage. In all cases, the authorizing county shall serve as the payor of last resort; or
3. Participating in innovative, cost-effective programs approved by the authorizing county.
(e) Moneys collected pursuant to this subsection remain the property of the state and shall be distributed by the Department of Revenue on a regular and periodic basis to the clerk of the circuit court as ex officio custodian of the funds of the authorizing county. The clerk of the circuit court shall:
1. Maintain the moneys in an indigent health care trust fund.
2. Invest any funds held on deposit in the trust fund pursuant to general law.
3. Disburse the funds, including any interest earned, to any provider of health care services, as provided in paragraphs (c) and (d), upon directive from the authorizing county.
4. Disburse the funds, including any interest earned, to service any bond indebtedness authorized in this subsection upon directive from the authorizing county, which directive may be irrevocably given at the time the bond indebtedness is incurred.
(f) Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, a county may not levy local option sales surtaxes authorized in this subsection and subsections (2) and (3) in excess of a combined rate of 1 percent or, if a publicly supported medical school is located in the county or the county has a population of fewer than 50,000 residents, in excess of a combined rate of 1.5 percent.
(8) EMERGENCY FIRE RESCUE SERVICES AND FACILITIES SURTAX.—
(a) The governing authority of a county, other than a county that has imposed two separate discretionary surtaxes without expiration, may, by ordinance, levy a discretionary sales surtax of up to 1 percent for emergency fire rescue services and facilities as provided in this subsection. As used in this subsection, the term “emergency fire rescue services” includes, but is not limited to, preventing and extinguishing fires; protecting and saving life and property from fires or natural or intentional acts or disasters; enforcing municipal, county, or state fire prevention codes and laws pertaining to the prevention and control of fires; and providing prehospital emergency medical treatment.
(b) Upon the adoption of the ordinance, the levy of the surtax must be placed on the ballot by the governing authority of the county enacting the ordinance. The ordinance will take effect if approved by a majority of the electors of the county voting in a referendum held for such purpose. The referendum shall be placed on the ballot of a general election. The ballot for the referendum must conform to the requirements of s. 101.161.
(c) Pursuant to s. 212.054(4), the proceeds of the discretionary sales surtax collected under this subsection, less an administrative fee that may be retained by the Department of Revenue, shall be distributed by the department to the county. The county shall distribute the proceeds it receives from the department to each local government entity providing emergency fire rescue services in the county. The surtax proceeds, less an administrative fee not to exceed 2 percent of the surtax collected, shall be distributed by the county based on each entity’s average annual expenditures for fire control and emergency fire rescue services in the 5 fiscal years preceding the fiscal year in which the surtax takes effect in proportion to the average annual total of the expenditures for such entities in the 5 fiscal years preceding the fiscal year in which the surtax takes effect. The county shall revise the distribution proportions to reflect a change in the service area of an entity receiving a distribution of the surtax proceeds. If an entity declines its share of surtax revenue, such revenue shall be redistributed proportionally to the entities that are participating in the sharing of such revenue based on each participating entity’s average annual expenditures for fire control and emergency fire rescue services in the preceding 5 fiscal years in proportion to the average annual total of the expenditures for the participating entities in the preceding 5 fiscal years.
(d) If a local government entity requests personnel or equipment from any other service provider on a long-term basis and the personnel or equipment is provided, the local government entity providing the service is entitled to payment from the requesting service provider from that provider’s share of the surtax proceeds for all costs of the equipment or personnel.
(e) Upon the surtax taking effect and initiation of collections, each local government entity receiving a share of surtax proceeds shall reduce the ad valorem tax levy or any non-ad valorem assessment for fire control and emergency rescue services in its next and subsequent budgets by the estimated amount of revenue provided by the surtax.
(f) Use of surtax proceeds authorized under this subsection does not relieve a local government entity from complying with chapter 200 and any related provision of law that establishes millage caps or limits undesignated budget reserves and procedures for establishing rollback rates for ad valorem taxes and budget adoption. If surtax collections exceed projected collections in any fiscal year, any surplus distribution shall be used to further reduce ad valorem taxes in the next fiscal year. These proceeds shall be applied as a rebate to the final millage, after the TRIM notice is completed in accordance with this provision. If a local government entity receiving a share of the surtax is unable to further reduce ad valorem taxes because the millage rate is zero, the funds shall be applied to reduce any non-ad valorem assessments levied for the purposes described in this section. If no ad valorem or non-ad valorem reduction is possible, the surplus surtax collections shall be returned to the county, and the county shall reduce the county millage rates to offset the surplus surtax proceeds.
(g) Surtax collections shall be initiated on January 1 of the year following a successful referendum in order to coincide with s. 212.054(5).
(h) Notwithstanding s. 212.054, if a multicounty independent special district created pursuant to chapter 67-764, Laws of Florida, levies ad valorem taxes on district property to fund emergency fire rescue services within the district and is required by s. 2, Art. VII of the State Constitution to maintain a uniform ad valorem tax rate throughout the district, the county may not levy the discretionary sales surtax authorized by this subsection within the boundaries of the district.
(9) PENSION LIABILITY SURTAX.—
(a) The governing body of a county may levy a pension liability surtax to fund an underfunded defined benefit retirement plan or system, pursuant to an ordinance conditioned to take effect upon approval by a majority vote of the electors of the county voting in a referendum, at a rate that may not exceed 0.5 percent. The county may not impose a pension liability surtax unless the underfunded defined benefit retirement plan or system is below 80 percent of actuarial funding at the time the ordinance or referendum is passed. The most recent actuarial report submitted to the Department of Management Services pursuant to s. 112.63 must be used to establish the level of actuarial funding for purposes of determining eligibility to impose the surtax. The governing body of a county may only impose the surtax if:
1. An employee, including a police officer or firefighter, who enters employment on or after the date when the local government certifies that the defined benefit retirement plan or system formerly available to such an employee has been closed may not enroll in a defined benefit retirement plan or system that will receive surtax proceeds.
2. The local government and the collective bargaining representative for the members of the underfunded defined benefit retirement plan or system or, if there is no representative, a majority of the members of the plan or system, mutually consent to requiring each member to make an employee retirement contribution of at least 10 percent of each member’s salary for each pay period beginning with the first pay period after the plan or system is closed.
3. The pension board of trustees for the underfunded defined benefit retirement plan or system, if such board exists, is prohibited from participating in the collective bargaining process and engaging in the determination of pension benefits.
4. The county currently levies a local government infrastructure surtax pursuant to subsection (2) which is scheduled to terminate and is not subject to renewal.
5. The pension liability surtax does not take effect until the local government infrastructure surtax described in subparagraph 4. is terminated.
(b) A referendum to adopt a pension liability surtax must meet the requirements of s. 101.161 and must include a brief and general description of the purposes for which the surtax proceeds will be used.
(c) Pursuant to s. 212.054(4), the proceeds of the surtax collected under this subsection, less an administrative fee that may be retained by the department, shall be distributed by the department to the local government.
(d) The local government may use the pension liability surtax proceeds in the following manner:
1. If the proceeds of the pension liability surtax have been actuarially recognized as provided in s. 112.64(6), the local government must distribute the proceeds to an eligible defined benefit retirement plan or system, not including the Florida Retirement System.
2. If the proceeds of the pension liability surtax have not been actuarially recognized, the local government is authorized to distribute the proceeds to an eligible defined benefit retirement plan or system, not including the Florida Retirement System, to pledge the proceeds of the surtax to repay debts incurred for the purpose of making advanced payments toward the unfunded liability of an underfunded defined benefit retirement plan or system, and to reimburse itself from the proceeds of the surtax for any borrowing costs associated with such debts.
(e) The ordinance providing for the imposition of the pension liability surtax must specify how the proceeds will be used:
1. The ordinance must specify the method of determining the percentage of the proceeds, and the frequency of such payments, distributed to each eligible defined benefit retirement plan or system if the proceeds of the pension liability surtax are actuarially recognized as provided in s. 112.64(6).
2. The ordinance must specify the local government’s intention to incur debt for the purpose of making advanced payments toward the unfunded liability of an underfunded defined benefit retirement plan or system if the proceeds of the pension liability surtax are not actuarially recognized as provided in s. 112.64(6).
(f) A pension liability surtax imposed pursuant to this subsection shall terminate on December 31 of the year in which the actuarial funding level is expected to reach or exceed 100 percent for the defined benefit retirement plan or system for which the surtax was levied or December 31, 2060, whichever occurs first. The most recent actuarial report submitted to the Department of Management Services pursuant to s. 112.63 must be used to establish the level of actuarial funding.
(g) Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, a county may not levy local option sales surtaxes authorized in this subsection and subsections (2), (3), (4), and (5) in excess of a combined rate of 1 percent.
(10) DATES FOR REFERENDA.—A referendum to adopt, amend, or reenact a local government discretionary sales surtax under this section must be held at a general election as defined in s. 97.021. A referendum to reenact an expiring surtax must be held at a general election occurring within the 48-month period immediately preceding the effective date of the reenacted surtax. Such a referendum may appear on the ballot only once within the 48-month period.
(11) PERFORMANCE AUDIT.—
(a) To adopt a discretionary sales surtax under this section, an independent certified public accountant licensed pursuant to chapter 473 shall conduct a performance audit of the program associated with the proposed surtax.
(b)1. At least 180 days before the referendum is held, the county or school district shall provide a copy of the final resolution or ordinance to the Office of Program Policy Analysis and Government Accountability.
2. Within 60 days after receiving the final resolution or ordinance, the Office of Program Policy Analysis and Government Accountability shall procure the certified public accountant and may use carryforward funds to pay for the services of the certified public accountant.
3. At least 60 days before the referendum is held, the performance audit must be completed and the audit report, including any findings, recommendations, or other accompanying documents, must be made available on the official website of the county or school district.
4. The county or school district shall keep the information on its website for 2 years from the date it was posted.
5. The failure to comply with the requirements under subparagraph 1. or subparagraph 3. renders any referendum held to adopt a discretionary sales surtax void.
(c) For purposes of this subsection, the term “performance audit” means an examination of the program conducted according to applicable government auditing standards or auditing and evaluation standards of other appropriate authoritative bodies. At a minimum, a performance audit must include an examination of issues related to the following:
1. The economy, efficiency, or effectiveness of the program.
2. The structure or design of the program to accomplish its goals and objectives.
3. Alternative methods of providing program services or products.
4. Goals, objectives, and performance measures used by the program to monitor and report program accomplishments.
5. The accuracy or adequacy of public documents, reports, and requests prepared by the county or school district which relate to the program.
6. Compliance of the program with appropriate policies, rules, and laws.
(d) This subsection does not apply to a referendum held to adopt the same discretionary surtax that was in place during the month of December immediately before the date of the referendum.
History.—s. 2, ch. 76-284; s. 5, ch. 82-154; s. 3, ch. 83-3; s. 1, ch. 84-373; s. 1, ch. 84-555; s. 25, ch. 85-180; s. 70, ch. 85-342; s. 8, ch. 87-99; s. 1, ch. 87-100; s. 2, ch. 87-239; s. 12, ch. 87-548; s. 85, ch. 90-132; s. 4, ch. 90-203; s. 1, ch. 90-282; ss. 2, 3, ch. 91-81; s. 29, ch. 91-112; s. 2, ch. 91-418; s. 1, ch. 91-423; s. 148, ch. 92-279; ss. 1, 2, ch. 92-309; s. 55, ch. 92-326; s. 3, ch. 93-207; s. 3, ch. 93-222; s. 51, ch. 94-356; s. 1, ch. 95-258; s. 1, ch. 96-240; s. 1, ch. 97-83; s. 17, ch. 97-384; s. 7, ch. 98-258; s. 9, ch. 98-342; s. 4, ch. 99-4; s. 1, ch. 99-340; s. 54, ch. 99-385; s. 40, ch. 2000-151; ss. 10, 11, 13, 16, ch. 2000-312; s. 78, ch. 2000-318; s. 33, ch. 2001-60; s. 100, ch. 2002-20; s. 7, ch. 2002-196; s. 1, ch. 2003-77; ss. 33, 42, ch. 2003-254; s. 91, ch. 2003-402; s. 6, ch. 2004-41; s. 1, ch. 2004-66; s. 1, ch. 2004-259; s. 3, ch. 2005-55; s. 1, ch. 2005-56; s. 1, ch. 2005-96; s. 1, ch. 2005-242; s. 1, ch. 2006-66; s. 2, ch. 2006-223; s. 14, ch. 2007-196; s. 19, ch. 2009-96; s. 1, ch. 2009-132; s. 1, ch. 2009-146; s. 1, ch. 2009-182; s. 1, ch. 2010-154; s. 1, ch. 2010-225; s. 5, ch. 2011-15; s. 3, ch. 2012-117; s. 14, ch. 2013-198; s. 6, ch. 2015-100; s. 1, ch. 2015-169; s. 2, ch. 2016-146; s. 2, ch. 2016-225; s. 64, ch. 2016-241; s. 27, ch. 2017-173; ss. 34, 35, 62, ch. 2018-118; s. 22, ch. 2018-158; s. 1, ch. 2019-64; s. 12, ch. 2019-159; s. 3, ch. 2019-169; s. 18, ch. 2020-10; s. 23, ch. 2021-2; s. 21, ch. 2022-97; s. 1, ch. 2023-69; s. 23, ch. 2023-157; s. 30, ch. 2024-158; s. 4, ch. 2024-266.
212.0596 Taxation of remote sales.—
(1) As used in this chapter, the term:
(a) “Remote sale” means a retail sale of tangible personal property ordered by mail, telephone, the Internet, or other means of communication from a person who receives the order outside of this state and transports the property or causes the property to be transported from any jurisdiction, including this state, to a location in this state. For purposes of this paragraph, tangible personal property delivered to a location within this state is presumed to be used, consumed, distributed, or stored to be used or consumed in this state.
(b) “Substantial number of remote sales” means any number of taxable remote sales in the previous calendar year in which the sum of the sales prices, as defined in s. 212.02(16), exceeded $100,000.
(2) Every person making a substantial number of remote sales is a dealer for purposes of this chapter.
(3) The department may establish by rule procedures for collecting the use tax from unregistered persons who but for their remote purchases would not be required to remit sales or use tax directly to the department. The procedures may provide for waiver of registration, provisions for irregular remittance of tax, elimination of the collection allowance, and nonapplication of local option surtaxes.
(4) A marketplace provider that is a dealer under this chapter or a person who is required to collect and remit sales tax on remote sales is required to collect surtax when the taxable item of tangible personal property is delivered within a county imposing a surtax as provided in s. 212.054(3)(a).
History.—s. 3, ch. 87-402; s. 84, ch. 90-132; s. 30, ch. 91-112; s. 1, ch. 92-207; s. 1112, ch. 95-147; s. 34, ch. 95-280; s. 3, ch. 97-99; s. 25, ch. 2017-36; s. 5, ch. 2021-2.
212.05965 Taxation of marketplace sales.—
(1) As used in this chapter, the term:
(a) “Marketplace” means any physical place or electronic medium through which tangible personal property is offered for sale.
(b) “Marketplace provider” means a person who facilitates a retail sale by a marketplace seller by listing or advertising for sale by the marketplace seller tangible personal property in a marketplace and who directly, or indirectly through agreements or arrangements with third parties, collects payment from the customer and transmits all or part of the payment to the marketplace seller, regardless of whether the marketplace provider receives compensation or other consideration in exchange for its services.
1. The term does not include a person who solely provides travel agency services. As used in this subparagraph, the term “travel agency services” means arranging, booking, or otherwise facilitating for a commission, fee, or other consideration vacation or travel packages, rental cars, or other travel reservations; tickets for domestic or foreign travel by air, rail, ship, bus, or other mode of transportation; or hotel or other lodging accommodations.
2. The term does not include a person who is a delivery network company unless the delivery network company is a registered dealer for purposes of this chapter and the delivery network company notifies all local merchants that sell through the delivery network company’s website or mobile application that the delivery network company is subject to the requirements of a marketplace provider under this section. As used in this subparagraph, the term:
a. “Delivery network company” means a person who maintains a website or mobile application used to facilitate delivery services, the sale of local products, or both.
b. “Delivery network courier” means a person who provides delivery services through a delivery network company website or mobile application using a personal means of transportation, such as a motor vehicle as defined in s. 320.01(1), bicycle, scooter, or other similar means of transportation; using public transportation; or by walking.
c. “Delivery services” means the pickup and delivery by a delivery network courier of one or more local products from a local merchant to a customer, which may include the selection, collection, and purchase of the local product in connection with the delivery. The term does not include any delivery requiring more than 75 miles of travel from the local merchant to the customer.
d. “Local merchant” means a kitchen, a restaurant, or a third-party merchant, including a grocery store, retail store, convenience store, or business of another type, which is not under common ownership or control of the delivery network company.
e. “Local product” means any tangible personal property, including food but excluding freight, mail, or a package to which postage has been affixed.
3. The term does not include a payment processor business that processes payment transactions from various channels, such as charge cards, credit cards, or debit cards, and whose sole activity with respect to marketplace sales is to process payment transactions between two or more parties.
(c) “Marketplace seller” means a person who has an agreement with a marketplace provider that is a dealer under this chapter and who makes retail sales of tangible personal property through a marketplace owned, operated, or controlled by the marketplace provider.
(2) A marketplace provider that has a physical presence in this state or who is making or facilitating through a marketplace a substantial number of remote sales as defined in s. 212.0596(1) is a dealer for purposes of this chapter.
(3) A marketplace provider that is a dealer under this chapter shall certify to its marketplace sellers that it will collect and remit the tax imposed under this chapter on taxable retail sales made through the marketplace. Such certification may be included in the agreement between the marketplace provider and the marketplace seller.
(4)(a) A marketplace seller may not collect and remit the tax under this chapter on a taxable retail sale when the sale is made through the marketplace and the marketplace provider certifies, as required under subsection (3), that it will collect and remit such tax. A marketplace seller shall exclude such sales made through the marketplace from the marketplace seller’s tax return under s. 212.11.
(b)1. A marketplace seller who has a physical presence in this state shall register and shall collect and remit the tax imposed under this chapter on all taxable retail sales made outside of the marketplace.
2. A marketplace seller who is not described under subparagraph 1. but who makes a substantial number of remote sales as defined in s. 212.0596(1) shall register and shall collect and remit the tax imposed under this chapter on all taxable retail sales made outside of the marketplace. For the purpose of determining whether a marketplace seller made a substantial number of remote sales, the marketplace seller shall consider only those sales made outside of a marketplace.
(5)(a) A marketplace provider that is a dealer under this chapter shall allow the department to examine and audit its books and records pursuant to s. 212.13. For retail sales facilitated through a marketplace, the department may not examine or audit the books and records of marketplace sellers, nor may the department assess marketplace sellers except to the extent that the marketplace provider seeks relief under paragraph (b). The department may examine, audit, and assess a marketplace seller for retail sales made outside of a marketplace under paragraph (4)(b). This paragraph does not provide relief to a marketplace seller who is under audit; has been issued a bill, notice, or demand for payment; or is under an administrative or judicial proceeding before July 1, 2021.
(b) The marketplace provider is relieved of liability for the tax on the retail sale and the marketplace seller or customer is liable for the tax imposed under this chapter if the marketplace provider demonstrates to the department’s satisfaction that the marketplace provider made a reasonable effort to obtain accurate information related to the retail sales facilitated through the marketplace from the marketplace seller, but that the failure to collect and remit the correct amount of tax imposed under this chapter was due to the provision of incorrect or incomplete information to the marketplace provider by the marketplace seller. This paragraph does not apply to a retail sale for which the marketplace provider is the seller if the marketplace provider and the marketplace seller are related parties or if transactions between a marketplace seller and marketplace buyer are not conducted at arm’s length.
(6) For purposes of registration pursuant to s. 212.18, a marketplace is deemed a separate place of business.
(7) A marketplace provider and a marketplace seller may agree by contract or otherwise that if a marketplace provider pays the tax imposed under this chapter on a retail sale facilitated through a marketplace for a marketplace seller as a result of an audit or otherwise, the marketplace provider has the right to recover such tax and any associated interest and penalties from the marketplace seller.
(8) This section may not be construed to authorize the state to collect sales tax from both the marketplace provider and the marketplace seller on the same retail sale.
(9) Chapter 213 applies to the administration of this section to the extent that chapter does not conflict with this section.
(10) Notwithstanding any other law, the marketplace provider is also responsible for collecting and remitting any prepaid wireless public safety emergency communications systems fee under s. 365.172, waste tire fee under s. 403.718, and lead-acid battery fee under s. 403.7185 at the time of sale for taxable retail sales made through its marketplace.
(11) Notwithstanding paragraph (4)(a), the marketplace provider and the marketplace seller may contractually agree to have the marketplace seller collect and remit all applicable taxes and fees if the marketplace seller:
(a) Has annual United States gross sales of more than $1 billion, including the gross sales of any related entities, and in the case of franchised entities, including the combined sales of all franchisees of a single franchisor;
(b) Provides evidence to the marketplace provider that it is registered under s. 212.18; and
(c) Notifies the department in a manner prescribed by the department that the marketplace seller will collect and remit all applicable taxes and fees on its sales through the marketplace and is liable for failure to collect or remit applicable taxes and fees on its sales.
History.—ss. 6, 7, ch. 2021-2; s. 4, ch. 2023-55.
212.0597 Maximum tax on fractional aircraft ownership interests.—The maximum tax imposed under this chapter, including any discretionary sales surtax under s. 212.055, is limited to $300 on the sale or use in this state of a fractional ownership interest in aircraft pursuant to a fractional aircraft ownership program. The tax applies to the total consideration paid for the fractional ownership interest, including any amounts paid by the fractional owner as monthly management or maintenance fees. The tax applies only if the fractional ownership interest is sold by or to the program manager of the fractional aircraft ownership program, or if the fractional ownership interest is transferred upon the approval of the program manager of the fractional aircraft ownership program.
History.—s. 8, ch. 2010-147.
212.0598 Special provisions; air carriers.—
(1) Notwithstanding other provisions of this chapter to the contrary, any air carrier utilizing mileage apportionment for corporate income tax purposes in this state pursuant to chapter 220 may elect, upon the conditions prescribed in subsection (4), to be subject to the tax imposed by this chapter on tangible personal property according to the provisions of this section.
(2) The basis of the tax shall be the ratio of Florida mileage to total mileage as determined pursuant to chapter 220 and this section. The ratio shall be determined at the close of the carrier’s preceding fiscal year. However, during the fiscal year in which the air carrier begins initial operations in this state, the carrier may determine its mileage apportionment factor based on an estimated ratio of anticipated revenue miles in this state to anticipated total revenue miles. In such cases, the air carrier shall pay additional tax or apply for a refund based on the actual ratio for that year. The applicable ratio shall be applied each month to the carrier’s total systemwide gross purchases of tangible personal property and services otherwise taxable in Florida. Additionally, the ratio shall be applied each month to the carrier’s total systemwide payments for the lease or rental of, or license in, real property used by the carrier substantially for aircraft maintenance if that carrier employed, on average, during the previous calendar quarter in excess of 3,000 full-time equivalent maintenance or repair employees at one maintenance base that it leases, rents, or has a license in, in this state. In all other instances, the tax on real property leased, rented, or licensed by the carrier shall be as provided in s. 212.031.
(3) It is the legislative intent that air carriers are hereby determined to be susceptible to a distinct and separate classification for taxation under the provisions of this chapter, if the provisions of this section are met.
(4) The election provided for in this section shall not be allowed unless the purchaser makes a written request, in a manner prescribed by the Department of Revenue, to be taxed under the provisions of subsection (1), and such person registers with the Department of Revenue as a dealer and extends to his or her vendor at the time of purchase, if required to do so, a certificate stating that the item or items to be partially exempted are for the exclusive use designated herein.
(5) Notwithstanding other provisions of this chapter to the contrary, any air carrier eligible for the election provided in subsection (1) which does not so elect shall be subject to the tax imposed by this chapter on the purchase or use of tangible personal property purchased or used in this state, as well as other taxes imposed herein.
History.—s. 8, ch. 87-101; s. 19, ch. 87-548; s. 2, ch. 88-3; s. 2, ch. 89-529; s. 7, ch. 90-203; s. 88, ch. 91-112; s. 1113, ch. 95-147; s. 4, ch. 97-99; s. 4, ch. 98-141.
212.06 Sales, storage, use tax; collectible from dealers; “dealer” defined; dealers to collect from purchasers; legislative intent as to scope of tax.—
(1)(a) The aforesaid tax at the rate of 6 percent of the retail sales price as of the moment of sale, 6 percent of the cost price as of the moment of purchase, or 6 percent of the cost price as of the moment of commingling with the general mass of property in this state, as the case may be, shall be collectible from all dealers as herein defined on the sale at retail, the use, the consumption, the distribution, and the storage for use or consumption in this state of tangible personal property or services taxable under this chapter. The full amount of the tax on a credit sale, installment sale, or sale made on any kind of deferred payment plan shall be due at the moment of the transaction in the same manner as on a cash sale.
(b) Except as otherwise provided, any person who manufactures, produces, compounds, processes, or fabricates in any manner tangible personal property for his or her own use shall pay a tax upon the cost of the product manufactured, produced, compounded, processed, or fabricated without any deduction therefrom on account of the cost of material used, labor or service costs, or transportation charges, notwithstanding the provisions of s. 212.02 defining “cost price.” However, the tax levied under this paragraph shall not be imposed upon any person who manufactures or produces electrical power or energy, steam energy, or other energy at a single location, when such power or energy is used directly and exclusively at such location, or at other locations if the energy is transferred through facilities of the owner in the operation of machinery or equipment that is used to manufacture, process, compound, produce, fabricate, or prepare for shipment tangible personal property for sale or to operate pollution control equipment, maintenance equipment, or monitoring or control equipment used in such operations. The manufacture or production of electrical power or energy that is used for space heating, lighting, office equipment, or air-conditioning or any other, nonprocessing, noncompounding, nonproducing, nonfabricating, or nonshipping activity is taxable. Electrical power or energy consumed or dissipated in the transmission or distribution of electrical power or energy for resale is also not taxable. Fabrication labor shall not be taxable when a person is using his or her own equipment and personnel, for his or her own account, as a producer, subproducer, or coproducer of a qualified motion picture. For purposes of this chapter, the term “qualified motion picture” means all or any part of a series of related images, either on film, tape, or other embodiment, including, but not limited to, all items comprising part of the original work and film-related products derived therefrom as well as duplicates and prints thereof and all sound recordings created to accompany a motion picture, which is produced, adapted, or altered for exploitation in, on, or through any medium or device and at any location, primarily for entertainment, commercial, industrial, or educational purposes. This exemption for fabrication labor associated with production of a qualified motion picture will inure to the taxpayer upon presentation of the certificate of exemption issued to the taxpayer under the provisions of s. 288.1258. A person who manufactures factory-built buildings for his or her own use in the performance of contracts for the construction or improvement of real property shall pay a tax only upon the person’s cost price of items used in the manufacture of such buildings.
(c)1. Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (b), the use tax on asphalt manufactured for one’s own use shall be calculated with respect to paragraph (b) only upon the cost of materials which become a component part or which are an ingredient of the finished asphalt and upon the cost of the transportation of such components and ingredients. In addition, an indexed tax of 38 cents per ton of such manufactured asphalt shall be due at the same time and in the same manner as taxes due pursuant to paragraph (b). The indexed tax shall be adjusted each July 1 to an amount, rounded to the nearest cent, equal to the product of 38 cents multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which is the annual average of the “materials and components for construction” series of the producer price index, as calculated and published by the United States Department of Labor, Bureau of Statistics, for the previous calendar year, and the denominator of which is the annual average of said series for calendar year 1988.
2. Manufactured asphalt used for any federal, state, or local government public works project shall be exempt from the indexed tax imposed by this paragraph.
(d) For purposes of paragraph (b), the department may establish a cost price amount for industry groups that manufacture, produce, compound, process, or fabricate tangible personal property for their own use in the performance of contracts for improvements to real property. Such cost price amount must be established as a percentage, rounded to the nearest whole number, of the total contract price charged for the improvement. The cost price percentages established must be adopted by rule pursuant to the procedures provided in s. 120.54, upon petition of a majority of the members of an industry group or by a statewide association that represents such industry group, and must be based on a reasonable estimate of average costs incurred by members of the petitioning industry group. The department is required to adopt a cost price percentage only if sufficient information is available to determine such percentage. The information considered by the department to establish the cost price percentage must be that set forth in the petition or that which is otherwise made available to the department. Any cost price percentage so established must be available only by election of a member of the industry group for which the percentage was established and may apply only to such periods or contracts for which the election is made. The election must be made by the taxpayer by timely accruing and remitting tax on the contract using the established percentage figure. If the taxpayer does not timely accrue and remit the use tax due for a contract using the percentage figure, the taxpayer may not later use this method of calculating the use tax due for that contract. Taxpayers must maintain adequate records showing the accrual of tax using the percentage figure on total contract price. Any cost price so established must remain available for use for a period of at least 5 years from the date of its adoption and must be reviewed and be subject to adjustment by the department no more frequently than at 5-year intervals. The provisions of this paragraph are not available to persons subject to paragraph (c).
(e)1. Notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter, tax shall not be imposed on any vessel registered under s. 328.52 by a vessel dealer or vessel manufacturer with respect to a vessel used solely for demonstration, sales promotional, or testing purposes. The term “promotional purposes” shall include, but not be limited to, participation in fishing tournaments. For the purposes of this paragraph, “promotional purposes” means the entry of the vessel in a marine-related event where prospective purchasers would be in attendance, where the vessel is entered in the name of the dealer or manufacturer, and where the vessel is clearly marked as for sale, on which vessel the name of the dealer or manufacturer is clearly displayed, and which vessel has never been transferred into the dealer’s or manufacturer’s accounting books from an inventory item to a capital asset for depreciation purposes.
2. The provisions of this paragraph do not apply to any vessel when used for transporting persons or goods for compensation; when offered, let, or rented to another for consideration; when offered for rent or hire as a means of transportation for compensation; or when offered or used to provide transportation for persons solicited through personal contact or through advertisement on a “share expense” basis.
3. Notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter, tax may not be imposed on any vessel imported into this state for the sole purpose of being offered for sale at retail by a yacht broker or yacht dealer registered in this state if the vessel remains under the care, custody, and control of the registered broker or dealer and the owner of the vessel does not make personal use of the vessel during that time. The provisions of this chapter govern the taxability of any sale or use of the vessel subsequent to its importation under this provision.
(2)(a) The term “dealer,” as used in this chapter, includes every person who manufactures or produces tangible personal property for sale at retail; for use, consumption, or distribution; or for storage to be used or consumed in this state.
(b) The term “dealer” is further defined to mean every person, as used in this chapter, who imports, or causes to be imported, tangible personal property from any state or foreign country for sale at retail; for use, consumption, or distribution; or for storage to be used or consumed in this state.
(c) The term “dealer” is further defined to mean every person, as used in this chapter, who sells at retail or who offers for sale at retail, or who has in his or her possession for sale at retail; or for use, consumption, or distribution; or for storage to be used or consumed in this state, tangible personal property as defined herein, including a retailer who transacts a substantial number of remote sales or a marketplace provider that has a physical presence in this state or that makes or facilitates through its marketplace a substantial number of remote sales.
(d) The term “dealer” is further defined to mean any person who has sold at retail; or used, or consumed, or distributed; or stored for use or consumption in this state, tangible personal property and who cannot prove that the tax levied by this chapter has been paid on the sale at retail, the use, the consumption, the distribution, or the storage of such tangible personal property. However, the term “dealer” does not mean a person who is not a “dealer” under the definition of any other paragraph of this subsection and whose only owned or leased property (including property owned or leased by an affiliate) in this state is located at the premises of a printer with which it has contracted for printing, if such property consists of the final printed product, property which becomes a part of the final printed product, or property from which the printed product is produced.
(e) The term “dealer” is further defined to mean any person, as used in this chapter, who leases or rents tangible personal property, as defined in this chapter, for a consideration, permitting the use or possession of such property without transferring title thereto, except as expressly provided for to the contrary herein.
(f) The term “dealer” is further defined to mean any person, as used in this chapter, who maintains or has within this state, directly or by a subsidiary, an office, distributing house, salesroom, or house, warehouse, or other place of business.
(g) “Dealer” also means and includes every person who solicits business either by direct representatives, indirect representatives, or manufacturers’ agents; by distribution of catalogs or other advertising matter; or by any other means whatsoever, and by reason thereof receives orders for tangible personal property from consumers for use, consumption, distribution, and storage for use or consumption in the state; such dealer shall collect the tax imposed by this chapter from the purchaser, and no action, either in law or in equity, on a sale or transaction as provided by the terms of this chapter may be had in this state by any such dealer unless it is affirmatively shown that the provisions of this chapter have been fully complied with.
(h) “Dealer” also means and includes every person who, as a representative, agent, or solicitor of an out-of-state principal or principals, solicits, receives, and accepts orders from consumers in the state for future delivery and whose principal refuses to register as a dealer.
(i) “Dealer” also means and includes the state, county, municipality, any political subdivision, agency, bureau or department, or other state or local governmental instrumentality.
(j) The term “dealer” is further defined to mean any person who leases, or grants a license to use, occupy, or enter upon, living quarters, sleeping or housekeeping accommodations in hotels, apartment houses, roominghouses, tourist or trailer camps, real property, space or spaces in parking lots or garages for motor vehicles, docking or storage space or spaces for boats in boat docks or marinas, or tie-down or storage space or spaces for aircraft at airports. The term “dealer” also means any person who has leased, occupied, or used or was entitled to use any living quarters, sleeping or housekeeping accommodations in hotels, apartment houses, roominghouses, tourist or trailer camps, real property, space or spaces in parking lots or garages for motor vehicles or docking or storage space or spaces for boats in boat docks or marinas, or who has purchased communication services or electric power or energy, and who cannot prove that the tax levied by this chapter has been paid to the vendor or lessor on any such transactions. The term “dealer” does not include any person who leases, lets, rents, or grants a license to use, occupy, or enter upon any living quarters, sleeping quarters, or housekeeping accommodations in apartment houses, roominghouses, tourist camps, or trailer camps, and who exclusively enters into a bona fide written agreement for continuous residence for longer than 6 months in duration with any person who leases, lets, rents, or is granted a license to use such property.
(k) “Dealer” also means any person who sells, provides, or performs a service taxable under this chapter. “Dealer” also means any person who purchases, uses, or consumes a service taxable under this chapter who cannot prove that the tax levied by this chapter has been paid to the seller of the taxable service.
(l) “Dealer” also means any person who solicits, offers, provides, enters into, issues, or delivers any service warranty taxable under this chapter, or who receives, on behalf of such a person, any consideration from a service warranty holder.
(m) The term “dealer” also means a forwarding agent as defined in subparagraph (5)(b)1. who has applied for and received a Florida Certificate of Forwarding Agent Address from the department.
(3)(a) Except as provided in paragraph (b), every dealer making sales, whether within or outside the state, of tangible personal property for distribution, storage, or use or other consumption, in this state, shall, at the time of making sales, collect the tax imposed by this chapter from the purchaser.
(b)1. A purchaser of printed materials shall have sole responsibility for the taxes imposed by this chapter on those materials when the printer of the materials delivers them to the United States Postal Service for mailing to persons other than the purchaser located within and outside this state. Printers of materials delivered by mail to persons other than the purchaser located within and outside this state shall have no obligation or responsibility for the payment or collection of any taxes imposed under this chapter on those materials. However, printers are obligated to collect the taxes imposed by this chapter on printed materials when all, or substantially all, of the materials will be mailed to persons located within this state. For purposes of the printer’s tax collection obligation, there is a rebuttable presumption that all materials printed at a facility are mailed to persons located within the same state as that in which the facility is located. A certificate provided by the purchaser to the printer concerning the delivery of the printed materials for that purchase or all purchases shall be sufficient for purposes of rebutting the presumption created herein.
2. The Department of Revenue is authorized to adopt rules and forms to implement the provisions of this paragraph.
(4) On all tangible personal property imported or caused to be imported from other states, territories, the District of Columbia, or any foreign country, and used by him or her, the dealer, as herein defined, shall pay the tax imposed by this chapter on all articles of tangible personal property so imported and used, the same as if such articles had been sold at retail for use or consumption in this state. For the purposes of this chapter, the use, or consumption, or distribution, or storage to be used or consumed in this state of tangible personal property shall each be equivalent to a sale at retail, and the tax shall thereupon immediately levy and be collected in the manner provided herein, provided there shall be no duplication of the tax in any event.
(5)(a)1. Except as provided in subparagraph 2., it is not the intention of this chapter to levy a tax upon tangible personal property imported, produced, or manufactured in this state for export, provided that tangible personal property may not be considered as being imported, produced, or manufactured for export unless the importer, producer, or manufacturer delivers the same to a forwarding agent for exporting or to a common carrier for shipment outside this state or mails the same by United States mail to a destination outside this state; or, in the case of aircraft being exported under their own power to a destination outside the continental limits of the United States, by submission to the department of a duly signed and validated United States customs declaration, showing the departure of the aircraft from the continental United States; and further with respect to aircraft, the canceled United States registry of said aircraft; or in the case of parts and equipment installed on aircraft of foreign registry, by submission to the department of documentation as provided by rule, showing the departure of the aircraft from the continental United States; nor is it the intention of this chapter to levy a tax on any sale that the state is prohibited from taxing under the Constitution or laws of the United States. Every retail sale made to a person physically present at the time of sale is presumed to have been delivered in this state.
2.a. Notwithstanding subparagraph 1., a tax is levied on each sale of tangible personal property to be transported to a cooperating state as defined in sub-subparagraph c., at the rate specified in sub-subparagraph d. However, a Florida dealer is relieved from the requirements of collecting taxes pursuant to this subparagraph if the Florida dealer obtains from the purchaser an affidavit providing the purchaser’s name, address, state taxpayer identification number, and a statement that the purchaser is aware of his or her state’s use tax laws, is a registered dealer in Florida or another state, or is purchasing the tangible personal property for resale or is otherwise not required to pay the tax on the transaction. The department may, by rule, provide a form to be used for the purposes of this sub-subparagraph.
b. For purposes of this subparagraph, the term “cooperating state” means a state determined by the executive director of the department to cooperate satisfactorily with this state in collecting taxes on remote sales. To be determined a cooperating state, a state must meet all the following minimum requirements:
(I) It levies and collects taxes on remote sales of property transported from that state to persons in this state, as described in s. 212.0596, upon request of the department.
(II) The tax so collected is at the rate specified in s. 212.05, not including any local option or tourist or convention development taxes collected pursuant to s. 125.0104 or this chapter.
(III) Such state agrees to remit to the department all taxes so collected no later than 30 days from the last day of the calendar quarter following their collection.
(IV) Such state authorizes the department to audit dealers within its jurisdiction who make remote sales that are the subject of s. 212.0596, or makes arrangements deemed adequate by the department for auditing them with its own personnel.
(V) Such state agrees to provide to the department records obtained by it from retailers or dealers in such state showing delivery of tangible personal property into this state upon which no sales or use tax has been paid in a manner similar to that provided in sub-subparagraph g.
c. For purposes of this subparagraph, the term “sales of tangible personal property to be transported to a cooperating state” means remote sales to a person who is in the cooperating state at the time the order is executed, from a dealer who receives that order in this state.
d. The tax levied by sub-subparagraph a. shall be at the rate at which such a sale would have been taxed pursuant to the cooperating state’s tax laws if consummated in the cooperating state by a dealer and a purchaser, both of whom were physically present in that state at the time of the sale.
e. The tax levied by sub-subparagraph a., when collected, shall be held in the State Treasury in trust for the benefit of the cooperating state and shall be paid to it at a time agreed upon between the department, acting for this state, and the cooperating state or the department or agency designated by it to act for it; however, such payment shall in no event be made later than 30 days from the last day of the calendar quarter after the tax was collected. Funds held in trust for the benefit of a cooperating state are not subject to the service charges imposed by s. 215.20.
f. The department is authorized to perform such acts and to provide such cooperation to a cooperating state with reference to the tax levied by sub-subparagraph a. as is required of the cooperating state by sub-subparagraph b.
g. In furtherance of this act, dealers selling tangible personal property for delivery in another state shall make available to the department, upon request of the department, records of all tangible personal property so sold. Such records must include a description of the property, the name and address of the purchaser, the name and address of the person to whom the property was sent, the purchase price of the property, information regarding whether sales tax was paid in this state on the purchase price, and such other information as the department may by rule prescribe.
(b)1. As used in this subsection, the term:
a. “Certificate” means a Florida Certificate of Forwarding Agent Address.
b. “Facilitating” means preparation for or arranging for export.
c. “Forwarding agent” means a person or business whose principal business activity is facilitating for compensation the export of property owned by other persons.
d. “NAICS” means those classifications contained in the North American Industry Classification System as published in 2007 by the Office of Management and Budget, Executive Office of the President.
e. “Principal business activity” means the activity from which the person or business derives the highest percentage of its total receipts.
2. A forwarding agent engaged in international export may apply to the department for a certificate.
3. Each application must include:
a. The designation of an address for the forwarding agent.
b. A certification that:
(I) The tangible personal property delivered to the designated address for export originates with a United States vendor;
(II) The tangible personal property delivered to the designated address for export is irrevocably committed to export out of the United States through a continuous and unbroken exportation process; and
(III) The designated address is used exclusively by the forwarding agent for such export.
c. A copy of the forwarding agent’s last filed federal income tax return showing the entity’s principal business activity classified under NAICS code 488510, except as provided under subparagraph 4. or subparagraph 5.
d. A statement of the total revenues of the forwarding agent.
e. A statement of the amount of revenues associated with international export of the forwarding agent.
f. A description of all business activity that occurs at the designated address.
g. The name and contact information of a designated contact person of the forwarding agent.
h. The forwarding agent’s website address.
i. Any additional information the department requires by rule to demonstrate eligibility for the certificate and a signature attesting to the validity of the information provided.
4. An applicant that has not filed a federal return for the preceding tax year under NAICS code 488510 shall provide all of the following:
a. A statement of estimated total revenues.
b. A statement of estimated revenues associated with international export.
c. The NAICS code under which the forwarding agent intends to file a federal return.
5. If an applicant does not file a federal return identifying a NAICS code, the applicant shall provide documentation to support that its principal business activity is that of a forwarding agent and that the applicant is otherwise eligible for the certificate.
6. A forwarding agent that applies for and receives a certificate shall register as a dealer with the department.
7. A forwarding agent shall remit the tax imposed under this chapter on any tangible personal property shipped to the designated forwarding agent address if no tax was collected and the tangible personal property remained in this state or if delivery to the purchaser or purchaser’s representative occurs in this state. This subparagraph does not prohibit the forwarding agent from collecting such tax from the consumer of the tangible personal property.
8. A forwarding agent shall maintain the following records:
a. Copies of sales invoices or receipts between the vendor and the consumer when provided by the vendor to the forwarding agent. If sales invoices or receipts are not provided to the forwarding agent, the forwarding agent must maintain export documentation evidencing the value of the purchase consistent with the federal Export Administration Regulations, 15 C.F.R. parts 730-774.
b. Copies of federal returns evidencing the forwarding agent’s NAICS principal business activity code.
c. Copies of invoices or other documentation evidencing shipment to the forwarding agent.
d. Invoices between the forwarding agent and the consumer or other documentation evidencing the ship-to destination outside the United States.
e. Invoices for foreign postal or transportation services.
f. Bills of lading.
g. Any other export documentation.
Such records must be kept in an electronic format and made available for the department’s review pursuant to subparagraph 9. and ss. 212.13 and 213.35.
9. Each certificate expires 5 years after the date of issuance, except as specified in this subparagraph.
a. At least 30 days before expiration, a new application must be submitted to renew the certificate, and the application must contain the information required in subparagraph 3. Upon application for renewal, the certificate is subject to the review and reissuance procedures prescribed by this chapter and department rule.
b. Each forwarding agent shall update its application information annually or within 30 days after any material change.
c. The department shall verify that the forwarding agent is actively engaged in facilitating the international export of tangible personal property.
d. The department may suspend or revoke the certificate of any forwarding agent that fails to respond within 30 days to a written request for information regarding its business transactions.
10. The department shall provide a list on the department’s website of forwarding agents that have applied for and received a Florida Certificate of Forwarding Agent Address from the department. The list must include a forwarding agent’s entity name, address, and expiration date as provided on the Florida Certificate of Forwarding Agent Address.
11. A dealer may accept a copy of the forwarding agent’s certificate or rely on the list of forwarding agents’ names and addresses on the department’s website in lieu of collecting the tax imposed under this chapter when the property is required by terms of the sale to be shipped to the designated address on the certificate. A dealer who accepts a valid copy of a certificate or relies on the list of forwarding agents’ names and addresses on the department’s website in good faith and ships purchased tangible personal property to the address on the certificate is not liable for any tax due on sales made during the effective dates indicated on the certificate.
12. The department may revoke a forwarding agent’s certificate for noncompliance with this paragraph. Any person found to fraudulently use the address on the certificate for the purpose of evading tax is subject to the penalties provided in s. 212.085.
13. The department may adopt rules to administer this paragraph, including, but not limited to, rules relating to procedures, application and eligibility requirements, and forms.
(c)1. Notwithstanding paragraph (a), it is not the intention of this chapter to levy a tax on the sale of tangible personal property to a nonresident dealer who does not hold a Florida sales tax registration, provided such nonresident dealer furnishes the seller a statement declaring that the tangible personal property will be transported outside this state by the nonresident dealer for resale and for no other purpose. The statement must include, but not be limited to, the nonresident dealer’s name, address, applicable passport or visa number, arrival-departure card number, and evidence of authority to do business in the nonresident dealer’s home state or country, such as his or her business name and address, occupational license number, if applicable, or any other suitable requirement. The statement must be signed by the nonresident dealer and must include the following sentence: “Under penalties of perjury, I declare that I have read the foregoing, and the facts alleged are true to the best of my knowledge and belief.”
2. The burden of proof of subparagraph 1. rests with the seller, who must retain the proper documentation to support the exempt sale. The exempt transaction is subject to verification by the department.
(d) Notwithstanding paragraph (a), it is not the intention of this chapter to levy a tax on the sale by a printer to a nonresident print purchaser of material printed by that printer for that nonresident print purchaser when the print purchaser does not furnish the printer a resale certificate containing a sales tax registration number but does furnish to the printer a statement declaring that such material will be resold by the nonresident print purchaser.
(6) It is however, the intention of this chapter to levy a tax on the sale at retail, the use, the consumption, the distribution, and the storage to be used or consumed in this state of tangible personal property after it has come to rest in this state and has become a part of the mass property of this state.
(7) The provisions of this chapter do not apply in respect to the use or consumption of tangible personal property or services, or distribution or storage of tangible personal property for use or consumption in this state, upon which a like tax equal to or greater than the amount imposed by this chapter has been lawfully imposed and paid in another state, territory of the United States, or the District of Columbia. The proof of payment of such tax shall be made according to rules and regulations of the department. If the amount of tax paid in another state, territory of the United States, or the District of Columbia is not equal to or greater than the amount of tax imposed by this chapter, then the dealer shall pay to the department an amount sufficient to make the tax paid in the other state, territory of the United States, or the District of Columbia and in this state equal to the amount imposed by this chapter.
(8)(a) Use tax will apply and be due on tangible personal property imported or caused to be imported into this state for use, consumption, distribution, or storage to be used or consumed in this state; provided, however, that, except as provided in paragraph (b), it shall be presumed that tangible personal property used in another state, territory of the United States, or the District of Columbia for 6 months or longer before being imported into this state was not purchased for use in this state. The rental or lease of tangible personal property which is used or stored in this state shall be taxable without regard to its prior use or tax paid on purchase outside this state.
(b) The presumption that tangible personal property used in another state, territory of the United States, or the District of Columbia for 6 months or longer before being imported into this state was not purchased for use in this state does not apply to any boat for which a saltwater fishing license fee is required to be paid pursuant to s. 379.354(7), either directly or indirectly, for the purpose of taking, attempting to take, or possessing any saltwater fish for noncommercial purposes. Use tax shall apply and be due on such a boat as provided in this paragraph, and proof of payment of such tax must be presented prior to the first such licensure of the boat, registration of the boat pursuant to chapter 328, and titling of the boat pursuant to chapter 328. A boat that is first licensed within 1 year after purchase shall be subject to use tax on the full amount of the purchase price; a boat that is first licensed in the second year after purchase shall be subject to use tax on 90 percent of the purchase price; a boat that is first licensed in the third year after purchase shall be subject to use tax on 80 percent of the purchase price; a boat that is first licensed in the fourth year after purchase shall be subject to use tax on 70 percent of the purchase price; a boat that is first licensed in the fifth year after purchase shall be subject to use tax on 60 percent of the purchase price; and a boat that is first licensed in the sixth year after purchase, or later, shall be subject to use tax on 50 percent of the purchase price. If the purchaser fails to provide the purchase invoice on such boat, the fair market value of the boat at the time of importation into this state shall be used to compute the tax.
(9) The taxes imposed by this chapter do not apply to the use, sale, or distribution of religious publications, bibles, hymn books, prayer books, vestments, altar paraphernalia, sacramental chalices, and like church service and ceremonial raiments and equipment.
(10) No title certificate may be issued on any boat, mobile home, motor vehicle, or other vehicle, or, if no title is required by law, no license or registration may be issued for any boat, mobile home, motor vehicle, or other vehicle, unless there is filed with such application for title certificate or license or registration certificate a receipt, issued by an authorized dealer or a designated agent of the Department of Revenue, evidencing the payment of the tax imposed by this chapter where the same is payable. A presumption of sales and use tax applicability is created if the motor vehicle is registered in this state. For the purpose of enforcing this provision, all county tax collectors and all persons or firms authorized to sell or issue boat, mobile home, and motor vehicle licenses are hereby designated agents of the department and are required to perform such duty in the same manner and under the same conditions prescribed for their other duties by the constitution or any statute of this state. All transfers of title to boats, mobile homes, motor vehicles, and other vehicles are taxable transactions, unless expressly exempt under this chapter.
(11)(a) Notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter, the taxes imposed by this chapter shall not be imposed on promotional materials, which are imported, purchased, sold, used, manufactured, fabricated, processed, printed, imprinted, assembled, distributed, or stored in this state, if the promotional materials are subsequently exported outside this state, and regardless of whether the exportation process is continuous and unbroken, a separate consideration is charged for the material so exported, or the taxpayer keeps, retains, or exercises any right, power, dominion, or control over the promotional materials before or for the purpose of subsequently transporting them outside this state.
(b) As used in this subsection, the term promotional materials means tangible personal property that is given away or otherwise distributed to promote the sale of a subscription to a publication; written or printed advertising material, direct mail literature, correspondence, written solicitations, renewal notices, and billings for sales connected with or to promote the sale of a subscription to a publication; and the component parts of each of these types of promotional materials.
(c) This exemption inures to the taxpayer only through refund of previously paid taxes or by self-accruing taxes as provided in s. 212.183 and applies only where the seller of subscriptions to publications sold in the state:
1. Is registered with the department pursuant to this chapter; and
2. Remits the taxes imposed by this chapter on such publications.
(12) In lieu of any other facts which may indicate commingling, any boat which remains in this state for more than an aggregate of 183 days in any 1-year period, except as provided in subsection (8) or s. 212.08(7)(t), shall be presumed to be commingled with the general mass of property of this state.
(13) Registered aircraft dealers who purchase aircraft exclusively for resale and do not pay sales tax on the purchase price at the time of purchase shall pay a use tax computed on 1 percent of the value of the aircraft each calendar month that the aircraft is used by the dealer. Payment of such tax shall commence in the month during which the aircraft is first used for any purpose for which income is received by the dealer. A dealer may pay the sales tax on the purchase of the aircraft in lieu of the monthly use tax. The value of the aircraft shall include its acquisition cost and the cost of reconditioning that enhances the value of the aircraft and shall generally be the value shown on the books of the dealer in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Notwithstanding the payment by the dealer of tax computed on 1 percent of the value of any aircraft, if the aircraft is leased or rented, the dealer shall collect from the customer and remit the tax that is due on the lease or rental of the aircraft; such payments do not diminish or offset any use tax due from the dealer.
(14) For the purpose of determining whether a person is improving real property, the term:
(a) “Real property” means the land and improvements thereto and fixtures and is synonymous with the terms “realty” and “real estate.”
(b) “Fixtures” means items that are an accessory to a building, other structure, or land and that do not lose their identity as accessories when installed but that do become permanently attached to realty. However, the term does not include the following items, whether or not such items are attached to real property in a permanent manner: property of a type that is required to be registered, licensed, titled, or documented by this state or by the United States Government, including, but not limited to, mobile homes, except mobile homes assessed as real property, or industrial machinery or equipment. For purposes of this paragraph, industrial machinery or equipment is not limited to machinery and equipment used to manufacture, process, compound, or produce tangible personal property. For an item to be considered a fixture, it is not necessary that the owner of the item also own the real property to which it is attached.
(c) “Improvements to real property” includes the activities of building, erecting, constructing, altering, improving, repairing, or maintaining real property.
(15)(a) When a contractor secures rock, shell, fill dirt, or similar materials from a location that he or she owns or leases and uses such materials to fulfill a real property contract on the property of another person, the contractor is the ultimate consumer of such materials and is liable for use tax thereon. This paragraph does not apply to a person or a corporation or affiliated group as defined by s. 220.03(1)(b) or (e) that secures such materials from a location that he, she, or it owns for use on his, her, or its own property. The basis upon which the contractor shall remit the tax is the fair retail market value determined by establishing either the price he or she would have to pay for it on the open market or the price he or she would regularly charge if he or she sold it to other contractors or users.
(b) When a contractor does not own or lease the land but has entered into an agreement to purchase fill dirt, rock, shell, or similar materials for his or her own use and wherein the contractor will excavate and remove the material, the taxable basis shall include the cost of the material plus all costs of clearing, excavating, and removing, including labor and all other costs incurred by the contractor.
(c) In lieu of the method described in paragraph (a) for determining the taxable basis on rock, shell, fill dirt, and similar materials a contractor uses in performing a contract for the improvement of real property, the taxable basis may be calculated as the land cost plus all costs of clearing, excavating, and loading, including labor, power, blasting, and similar costs.
(d) No tax is applicable when the Department of Transportation furnishes without charge the borrow materials or the pits where materials are to be extracted for use on a road contract.
(16)(a) Notwithstanding other provisions of this chapter, the use by the publisher of a newspaper, magazine, or periodical of copies for his or her own consumption or to be given away is taxable at the usual retail price thereof, if any, or at the “cost price.”
(b) For the purposes of this subsection, the term “cost price” means the actual cost of printing of newspapers, magazines, and other publications, without any deductions therefrom on account of the cost of materials used, labor or services cost, transportation charges, or other direct or indirect overhead costs that are a part of printing costs of the property. However, the cost of labor to manufacture, produce, compound, process, or fabricate expendable items of tangible personal property which are directly used by such person in printing other tangible personal property for sale or for his or her own use is exempt. Authors’ royalties, fees, or salaries, general overhead, and other costs not directly related to printing shall be deemed to be labor associated with manufacturing, producing, compounding, processing, or fabricating expendable items.
History.—s. 6, ch. 26319, 1949; ss. 7, 8, ch. 26871, 1951; s. 5, ch. 29883, 1955; ss. 1, 2, ch. 59-397; ss. 1, 2, ch. 59-289; s. 1, ch. 61-275; s. 1, ch. 61-279; s. 7, ch. 63-253; s. 1, ch. 65-392; s. 5, ch. 65-329; s. 5, ch. 65-371; s. 2, ch. 65-420; s. 3, ch. 67-180; s. 7, ch. 68-27; s. 3, ch. 68-119; ss. 21, 35, ch. 69-106; s. 10, ch. 69-222; ss. 1, 2, ch. 69-383; s. 1, ch. 70-373; s. 5, ch. 71-360; s. 1, ch. 74-32; s. 6, ch. 82-154; s. 3, ch. 82-206; s. 1, ch. 83-243; s. 1, ch. 84-548; s. 60, ch. 85-342; s. 73, ch. 86-152; s. 4, ch. 86-166; s. 12, ch. 87-6; s. 3, ch. 87-99; s. 1, ch. 87-370; s. 4, ch. 87-402; ss. 20, 21, ch. 87-548; s. 1, ch. 88-243; s. 6, ch. 89-292; s. 27, ch. 89-300; s. 34, ch. 89-356; s. 52, ch. 91-45; ss. 114, 128, ch. 91-112; s. 2, ch. 92-168; s. 2, ch. 92-207; s. 12, ch. 92-319; s. 3, ch. 93-86; s. 9, ch. 94-353; s. 1496, ch. 95-147; s. 60, ch. 95-280; s. 5, ch. 97-99; s. 1, ch. 97-221; s. 6, ch. 98-140; s. 5, ch. 98-141; s. 77, ch. 99-2; s. 2, ch. 99-289; s. 1, ch. 99-334; s. 41, ch. 2000-151; s. 3, ch. 2000-182; ss. 1, 2, ch. 2000-275; s. 4, ch. 2000-276; s. 1, ch. 2000-310; s. 14, ch. 2000-355; s. 1, ch. 2002-46; s. 13, ch. 2002-218; s. 14, ch. 2005-280; s. 188, ch. 2008-247; s. 11, ch. 2016-220; s. 36, ch. 2020-2; s. 8, ch. 2021-2; s. 18, ch. 2021-31.
212.0601 Use taxes of vehicle dealers.—
(1) Each motor vehicle dealer who is required by s. 320.08(12) to purchase one or more dealer license plates shall pay an annual use tax of $27 for each dealer license plate purchased under that subsection, in addition to the license tax imposed by that subsection. The use tax shall be for the year for which the dealer license plate was purchased.
(2) There shall be no additional tax imposed by this chapter for the use of a dealer license plate for which, after July 1, 1987, a dealer use tax has been paid under this section. This exemption shall apply to the time period before the sale or any other disposition of the vehicle throughout the year for which the dealer license plate required by s. 320.08(12) is purchased.
(3) Unless otherwise exempted by law, a motor vehicle dealer who loans a vehicle to any person at no charge shall accrue use tax based on the annual lease value as determined by the United States Internal Revenue Service’s Automobile Annual Lease Value Table.
(4) Notwithstanding the provisions of a motor vehicle rental agreement, no sales or use tax and no rental car surcharge pursuant to s. 212.0606 shall accrue to the use of a motor vehicle provided at no charge to a person whose motor vehicle is being repaired, adjusted, or serviced by the entity providing the replacement motor vehicle.
History.—s. 5, ch. 87-99; s. 6, ch. 97-99; s. 5, ch. 98-342.
212.0602 Education; limited exemption.—To facilitate investment in education and job training, there is also exempt from the taxes levied under this chapter, subject to the provisions of this section, the purchase or lease of materials, equipment, and other items or the license in or lease of real property by any entity, institution, or organization that is primarily engaged in teaching students to perform any of the activities or services described in s. 212.031(1)(a)9., that conducts classes at a fixed location located in this state, that is licensed under chapter 1005, and that has at least 500 enrolled students. Any entity, institution, or organization meeting the requirements of this section shall be deemed to qualify for the exemptions in ss. 212.031(1)(a)9. and 212.08(5)(f) and (12), and to qualify for an exemption for its purchase or lease of materials, equipment, and other items used for education or demonstration of the school’s curriculum, including supporting operations. Nothing in this section shall preclude an entity described in this section from qualifying for any other exemption provided for in this chapter.
History.—s. 3, ch. 97-188; s. 2, ch. 99-238; s. 917, ch. 2002-387.
1212.0606 Rental car surcharge.—
(1) As used in this section, the term:
(a) “Car-sharing service” means a membership-based organization or business, or division thereof, which requires the payment of an application fee or a membership fee and provides member access to motor vehicles:
1. Only at locations that are not staffed by car-sharing service personnel employed solely for the purpose of interacting with car-sharing service members;
2. Twenty-four hours per day, 7 days per week;
3. Only through automated means, including, but not limited to, a smartphone application or an electronic membership card;
4. On an hourly basis or for a shorter increment of time;
5. Without a separate fee for refueling the motor vehicle;
6. Without a separate fee for minimum financial responsibility liability insurance; and
7. Owned or controlled by the car-sharing service or its affiliates.
(b) “Motor vehicle rental company” means an entity that is in the business of providing, for financial consideration, motor vehicles to the public under a rental agreement.
(c) “Peer-to-peer car-sharing program” has the same meaning as in s. 627.7483(1).
(2) Except as provided in subsections (3) and (4), a surcharge of $2 per day or any part of a day is imposed upon the lease or rental by a motor vehicle rental company of a motor vehicle that is licensed for hire and designed to carry fewer than nine passengers, regardless of whether the motor vehicle is licensed in this state, for financial consideration and without transfer of the title of the motor vehicle. The surcharge is imposed regardless of whether the lease or rental occurs in person or through digital means. The surcharge applies to only the first 30 days of the term of a lease or rental and must be collected by the motor vehicle rental company. The surcharge is subject to all applicable taxes imposed by this chapter.
(3) A surcharge of $1 per day or any part of a day is imposed upon each peer-to-peer car-sharing program agreement involving a shared vehicle that is registered in this state and designed to carry fewer than nine passengers for financial consideration and without transfer of the title of the shared vehicle. If the duration of the car-sharing period for a peer-to-peer car-sharing program agreement subject to the surcharge established pursuant to this section is less than 24 hours, the applicable surcharge will be $1 per usage. The surcharge applies to the first 30 days only of a car-sharing period for any peer-to-peer car-sharing program agreement to which the surcharge applies and must be collected by the peer-to-peer car-sharing program. The surcharge is subject to all applicable taxes imposed by this chapter.
(4) A member of a car-sharing service who uses a motor vehicle as described in subsection (2) for less than 24 hours pursuant to an agreement with the car-sharing service shall pay a surcharge of $1 per usage. A member of a car-sharing service who uses the same motor vehicle for 24 hours or more shall pay a surcharge of $2 per day or any part of a day as provided in subsection (2). The car-sharing service shall collect the surcharge. The surcharge imposed under this subsection does not apply to the lease, rental, or use of a motor vehicle from a location owned, operated, or leased by or for the benefit of an airport or airport authority.
(5)(a) Notwithstanding s. 212.20, and less the costs of administration, 80 percent of the proceeds of this surcharge shall be deposited in the State Transportation Trust Fund, 15.75 percent of the proceeds of this surcharge shall be deposited in the Tourism Promotional Trust Fund created in s. 288.122, and 4.25 percent of the proceeds of this surcharge shall be deposited in the Florida International Trade and Promotion Trust Fund. For the purposes of this subsection, the term “proceeds of this surcharge” means all funds collected and received by the department under this section, including interest and penalties on delinquent surcharges. The department shall provide the Department of Transportation rental car surcharge revenue information for the previous state fiscal year by September 1 of each year.
(b) Notwithstanding any other law, the proceeds deposited in the State Transportation Trust Fund shall be allocated on an annual basis in the Department of Transportation’s work program to each department district, except the Turnpike District. The amount allocated to each district shall be based on the amount of proceeds attributed to the counties within each respective district.
(6)(a) Except as provided in this section, the department shall administer, collect, and enforce the surcharges as provided in this chapter.
(b) The department shall require a dealer to report surcharge collections according to the county to which the surcharge was attributed. For purposes of this section, the surcharge shall be attributed to the county in which the rental agreement was entered into, except that, for peer-to-peer car-sharing, the surcharge shall be attributable to the county corresponding to the location of the motor vehicle at the car-sharing start time.
(c) A dealer that collects a surcharge pursuant to this section shall report to the department all surcharge revenues attributed to the county where the rental agreement was entered into on a timely filed return for each required reporting period; except that, in the case of peer-to-peer car-sharing, the peer-to-peer car-sharing program shall report the applicable surcharge revenue attributed to the county corresponding to the location of the motor vehicle at the car-sharing start time. The provisions of this chapter which apply to interest and penalties on delinquent taxes apply to the surcharge. The surcharge shall not be included in the calculation of estimated taxes pursuant to s. 212.11. The dealer’s credit provided in s. 212.12 does not apply to any amount collected under this section.
(7) The surcharge imposed by this section does not apply to a motor vehicle or a shared vehicle provided at no charge to a person whose motor vehicle is being repaired, adjusted, or serviced by the entity providing the replacement motor vehicle.
History.—s. 4, ch. 89-364; ss. 32, 90, ch. 90-132; s. 109, ch. 90-136; s. 3, ch. 91-79; s. 5, ch. 92-299; s. 7, ch. 97-99; s. 6, ch. 98-342; s. 1, ch. 2000-257; s. 60, ch. 2002-20; s. 18, ch. 2003-254; s. 1, ch. 2014-199; s. 14, ch. 2015-2; s. 2, ch. 2021-175.
1Note.—Section 22, ch. 2000-257, provides that “[n]otwithstanding any other law to the contrary the requirements of sections 206.46(3) and 206.606(2), Florida Statutes, shall not apply to any funding, programs, or other provisions contained in this act.”
212.07 Sales, storage, use tax; tax added to purchase price; dealer not to absorb; liability of purchasers who cannot prove payment of the tax; penalties; general exemptions.—
(1)(a) The privilege tax herein levied measured by retail sales shall be collected by the dealers from the purchaser or consumer.
(b) A resale must be in strict compliance with s. 212.18 and the rules and regulations adopted thereunder. A dealer who makes a sale for resale that is not in strict compliance with s. 212.18 and the rules and regulations adopted thereunder is liable for and must pay the tax. A dealer who makes a sale for resale shall document the exempt nature of the transaction, as established by rules adopted by the department, by retaining a copy of the purchaser’s resale certificate. In lieu of maintaining a copy of the certificate, a dealer may document, before the time of sale, an authorization number provided telephonically or electronically by the department, or by such other means established by rule of the department. The dealer may rely on a resale certificate issued pursuant to s. 212.18(3)(e), valid at the time of receipt from the purchaser, without seeking annual verification of the resale certificate if the dealer makes recurring sales to a purchaser in the normal course of business on a continual basis. For purposes of this paragraph, “recurring sales to a purchaser in the normal course of business” refers to a sale in which the dealer extends credit to the purchaser and records the debt as an account receivable, or in which the dealer sells to a purchaser who has an established cash or C.O.D. account, similar to an open credit account. For purposes of this paragraph, purchases are made from a selling dealer on a continual basis if the selling dealer makes, in the normal course of business, sales to the purchaser at least once in every 12-month period. A dealer may, through the informal protest provided for in s. 213.21 and the rules of the department, provide the department with evidence of the exempt status of a sale. Consumer certificates of exemption executed by those exempt entities that were registered with the department at the time of sale, resale certificates provided by purchasers who were active dealers at the time of sale, and verification by the department of a purchaser’s active dealer status at the time of sale in lieu of a resale certificate shall be accepted by the department when submitted during the protest period, but may not be accepted in any proceeding under chapter 120 or any circuit court action instituted under chapter 72.
(c) Unless the purchaser of tangible personal property that is incorporated into tangible personal property manufactured, produced, compounded, processed, or fabricated for one’s own use and subject to the tax imposed under s. 212.06(1)(b) or is purchased for export under s. 212.06(5)(a)1. extends a certificate in compliance with the rules of the department, the dealer shall himself or herself be liable for and pay the tax.
(2) A dealer shall, as far as practicable, add the amount of the tax imposed under this chapter to the sale price, and the amount of the tax shall be separately stated as Florida tax on any charge ticket, sales slip, invoice, or other tangible evidence of sale. Such tax shall constitute a part of such price, charge, or proof of sale which shall be a debt from the purchaser or consumer to the dealer, until paid, and shall be recoverable at law in the same manner as other debts. Where it is impracticable, due to the nature of the business practices within an industry, to separately state Florida tax on any charge ticket, sales slip, invoice, or other tangible evidence of sale, the department may establish an effective tax rate for such industry. The department may also amend this effective tax rate as the industry’s pricing or practices change. Except as otherwise specifically provided, any dealer who neglects, fails, or refuses to collect the tax herein provided upon any, every, and all retail sales made by the dealer or the dealer’s agents or employees of tangible personal property or services which are subject to the tax imposed by this chapter shall be liable for and pay the tax himself or herself.
(3)(a) A dealer who fails, neglects, or refuses to collect the tax or fees imposed under this chapter by himself or herself or through the dealer’s agents or employees, in addition to the penalty of being liable for paying the tax or fee, commits a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
(b) A dealer who willfully fails to collect a tax or fee after the department provides notice of the duty to collect the tax or fee is liable for a specific penalty of 100 percent of the uncollected tax or fee. This penalty is in addition to any other penalty that may be imposed by law. A dealer who willfully fails to collect taxes or fees totaling:
1. Less than $300:
a. For a first offense, commits a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
b. For a second offense, commits a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
c. For a third or subsequent offense, commits a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.
2. An amount equal to $300 or more, but less than $20,000, commits a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.
3. An amount equal to $20,000 or more, but less than $100,000, commits a felony of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.
4. An amount equal to $100,000 or more, commits a felony of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.
(c) The department shall provide written notice of the duty to collect taxes or fees to the dealer by personal service or by sending notice to the dealer’s last known address by registered mail. The department may provide written notice using both methods described in this paragraph.
(4)(a) Except as provided in paragraph (b), a dealer engaged in any business taxable under this chapter may not advertise or hold out to the public, in any manner, directly or indirectly, that he or she will pay all or any part of the tax, or that he or she will relieve the purchaser of the payment of all or any part of the tax, or that the tax will not be added to the selling price of the property or services sold or released or, when added, that it or any part thereof will be refunded either directly or indirectly by any method whatsoever.
(b) Notwithstanding any provision of this chapter to the contrary, a dealer may advertise or hold out to the public that he or she will pay all or any part of the tax on behalf of the purchaser, subject to both of the following conditions:
1. The dealer must expressly state on any charge ticket, sales slip, invoice, or other tangible evidence of sale given to the purchaser that the dealer will pay to the state the tax imposed by this chapter. The dealer may not indicate or imply that the transaction is exempt or excluded from the tax imposed by this chapter.
2. A charge ticket, sales slip, invoice, or other tangible evidence of the sale given to the purchaser must separately state the sale price and the amount of the tax in accordance with subsection (2).
(c) A person who violates this subsection commits a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083. A second or subsequent offense constitutes a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
(5)(a) The gross proceeds derived from the sale in this state of livestock, poultry, and other farm products direct from the farm are exempted from the tax levied by this chapter provided such sales are made directly by the producers. The producers shall be entitled to such exemptions although the livestock so sold in this state may have been registered with a breeders’ or registry association prior to the sale and although the sale takes place at a livestock show or race meeting, so long as the sale is made by the original producer and within this state. When sales of livestock, poultry, or other farm products are made to consumers by any person, as defined herein, other than a producer, they are not exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter. The foregoing exemption does not apply to ornamental nursery stock offered for retail sale by the producer.
(b) Sales of race horses at claiming races are taxable; however, if sufficient information is provided by race track officials to properly administer the tax, sales tax is due only on the maximum single amount for which a horse is sold at all races at which it is claimed during an entire racing season.
(6) It is specifically provided that the use tax as defined herein does not apply to livestock and livestock products, to poultry and poultry products, or to farm and agricultural products, when produced by the farmer and used by him or her and members of the farmer’s family and his or her employees on the farm.
(7) Provided, however, that each and every agricultural commodity sold by any person, other than a producer, to any other person who purchases not for direct consumption but for the purpose of acquiring raw products for use or for sale in the process of preparing, finishing, or manufacturing such agricultural commodity for the ultimate retail consumer trade shall be and is exempted from any and all provisions of this chapter, including payment of the tax applicable to the sale, storage, use, or transfer, or any other utilization or handling thereof, except when such agricultural commodity is actually sold as a marketable or finished product to the ultimate consumer; in no case shall more than one tax be exacted.
(8) Any person who:
(a) Has purchased at retail, used, consumed, distributed, or stored for use or consumption in this state:
1. Tangible personal property;
2. Admissions;
3. Communication or other services taxable under this chapter; or
4. Leased tangible personal property; or
(b) Has leased, occupied, or used or was entitled to use any:
1. Real property;
2. Space or spaces in parking lots or garages for motor vehicles; or
3. Docking or storage space or spaces for boats in boat docks or marinas,
and cannot prove that the tax levied by this chapter has been paid to his or her vendor, lessor, or other person or was paid on behalf of the purchaser by a dealer under subsection (4) is directly liable to the state for any tax, interest, or penalty due on any such taxable transactions.
(9)(a) If a purchaser engaging in transactions taxable under this chapter did not pay tax to a vendor based on a good faith belief that the transaction was a nontaxable purchase for resale or the transaction was exempt as a purchase by an organization exempt from tax under this chapter, except as provided in paragraph (b), neither the purchaser nor the vendor is directly liable for any tax, interest, or penalty that would otherwise be due if the following conditions are met:
1. At the time of the purchase, the purchaser was not registered as a dealer with the department or did not hold a consumer’s certificate of exemption from the department.
2. At the time of the purchase, the purchaser was qualified to register with the department as a dealer or to receive a consumer’s certificate of exemption from the department.
3. Before applying for treatment under this subsection, the purchaser has registered with the department as a dealer or has applied for and received a consumer’s certificate of exemption from the department.
4. The purchaser establishes justifiable cause for failure to register as a dealer or to obtain a consumer’s certificate of exemption before making the purchase. Whether a purchaser has established justifiable cause for failure to register depends on the facts and circumstances of each case, including, but not limited to, such factors as the complexity of the transaction, the purchaser’s business experience and history, whether the purchaser sought advice on its tax obligations, whether any such advice was followed, and any remedial action taken by the purchaser.
5. The transaction would otherwise qualify as exempt under this chapter except for the fact that at the time of the purchase the purchaser was not registered as a dealer with the department or did not hold a consumer’s certificate of exemption from the department.
6. Relief pursuant to this subsection is applied for:
a. Before the department has initiated any audit or other action or inquiry in regard to the purchaser or the vendor; or
b. If any audit or other action or inquiry of the purchaser or the vendor has already been initiated, within 7 days after being informed in writing by the department that the purchaser was required to be registered or to hold a consumer’s certificate of exemption at the time the transaction occurred.
(b) In lieu of the tax, penalties, and interest that would otherwise have been due, the department shall impose and collect the following mandatory penalties, which the department may not waive:
1. If a purchaser or vendor applies for relief before the department initiates any audit or other action or inquiry, the mandatory penalty is the lesser of $1,000 or 10 percent of the total tax due on transactions that qualify for treatment under this subsection.
2. If a purchaser or vendor applies for relief after an audit or other action or inquiry has already been initiated by the department, the mandatory penalty is the lesser of $5,000 or 20 percent of the total tax due on transactions that qualify for treatment under this subsection.
The department may impose and collect the mandatory penalties from either the purchaser or the vendor that failed to obtain proper documentation at the time of the transaction.
(c) The department may adopt forms and rules to administer this subsection.
History.—s. 7, ch. 26319, 1949; s. 1, ch. 28297, 1953; s. 1, ch. 61-276; s. 6, ch. 65-329; s. 4, ch. 68-119; s. 11, ch. 69-222; s. 123, ch. 71-136; s. 6, ch. 71-360; s. 7, ch. 83-297; s. 65, ch. 86-152; ss. 13, 85, ch. 87-6; s. 53, ch. 87-101; ss. 24, 25, ch. 87-548; s. 19, ch. 91-224; s. 1114, ch. 95-147; s. 8, ch. 97-99; s. 2, ch. 98-142; s. 18, ch. 99-208; s. 3, ch. 99-239; s. 15, ch. 2002-218; s. 3, ch. 2014-40; s. 9, ch. 2021-2; s. 19, ch. 2021-31.
212.08 Sales, rental, use, consumption, distribution, and storage tax; specified exemptions.—The sale at retail, the rental, the use, the consumption, the distribution, and the storage to be used or consumed in this state of the following are hereby specifically exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter.
(1) EXEMPTIONS; GENERAL GROCERIES.—
(a) Food products for human consumption are exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter.
(b) For the purpose of this chapter, as used in this subsection, the term “food products” means edible commodities, whether processed, cooked, raw, canned, or in any other form, which are generally regarded as food. This includes, but is not limited to, all of the following:
1. Cereals and cereal products, baked goods, oleomargarine, meat and meat products, fish and seafood products, frozen foods and dinners, poultry, eggs and egg products, vegetables and vegetable products, fruit and fruit products, spices, salt, sugar and sugar products, milk and dairy products, and products intended to be mixed with milk.
2. Natural fruit or vegetable juices or their concentrates or reconstituted natural concentrated fruit or vegetable juices, whether frozen or unfrozen, dehydrated, powdered, granulated, sweetened or unsweetened, seasoned with salt or spice, or unseasoned; coffee, coffee substitutes, or cocoa; and tea, unless it is sold in a liquid form.
3. Bakery products sold by bakeries, pastry shops, or like establishments that do not have eating facilities.
(c) The exemption provided by this subsection does not apply to:
1. Food products sold as meals for consumption on or off the premises of the dealer.
2. Food products furnished, prepared, or served for consumption at tables, chairs, or counters or from trays, glasses, dishes, or other tableware, whether provided by the dealer or by a person with whom the dealer contracts to furnish, prepare, or serve food products to others.
3. Food products ordinarily sold for immediate consumption on the seller’s premises or near a location at which parking facilities are provided primarily for the use of patrons in consuming the products purchased at the location, even though such products are sold on a “take out” or “to go” order and are actually packaged or wrapped and taken from the premises of the dealer.
4. Sandwiches sold ready for immediate consumption on or off the seller’s premises.
5. Food products sold ready for immediate consumption within a place, the entrance to which is subject to an admission charge.
6. Food products sold as hot prepared food products.
7. Soft drinks, including, but not limited to, any nonalcoholic beverage, any preparation or beverage commonly referred to as a “soft drink,” or any noncarbonated drink made from milk derivatives or tea, if sold in cans or similar containers.
8. Ice cream, frozen yogurt, and similar frozen dairy or nondairy products in cones, small cups, or pints, popsicles, frozen fruit bars, or other novelty items, whether or not sold separately.
9. Food that is prepared, whether on or off the premises, and sold for immediate consumption. This does not apply to food prepared off the premises and sold in the original sealed container, or the slicing of products into smaller portions.
10. Food products sold through a vending machine, pushcart, motor vehicle, or any other form of vehicle.
11. Candy and any similar product regarded as candy or confection, based on its normal use, as indicated on the label or advertising thereof.
12. Bakery products sold by bakeries, pastry shops, or like establishments having eating facilities, except when sold for consumption off the seller’s premises.
13. Food products served, prepared, or sold in or by restaurants, lunch counters, cafeterias, hotels, taverns, or other like places of business.
(d) As used in this subsection, the term:
1. “For consumption off the seller’s premises” means that the food or drink is intended by the customer to be consumed at a place away from the dealer’s premises.
2. “For consumption on the seller’s premises” means that the food or drink sold may be immediately consumed on the premises where the dealer conducts his or her business. In determining whether an item of food is sold for immediate consumption, the customary consumption practices prevailing at the selling facility shall be considered.
3. “Premises” shall be construed broadly, and means, but is not limited to, the lobby, aisle, or auditorium of a theater; the seating, aisle, or parking area of an arena, rink, or stadium; or the parking area of a drive-in or outdoor theater. The premises of a caterer with respect to catered meals or beverages shall be the place where such meals or beverages are served.
4. “Hot prepared food products” means those products, items, or components which have been prepared for sale in a heated condition and which are sold at any temperature that is higher than the air temperature of the room or place where they are sold. “Hot prepared food products,” for the purposes of this subsection, includes a combination of hot and cold food items or components where a single price has been established for the combination and the food products are sold in such combination, such as a hot meal, a hot specialty dish or serving, or a hot sandwich or hot pizza, including cold components or side items.
(e)1. Food or drinks not exempt under paragraphs (a), (b), (c), and (d) are exempt, notwithstanding those paragraphs, when purchased with food coupons or Special Supplemental Food Program for Women, Infants, and Children vouchers issued under authority of federal law.
2. This paragraph is effective only while federal law prohibits a state’s participation in the federal food coupon program or Special Supplemental Food Program for Women, Infants, and Children if there is an official determination that state or local sales taxes are collected within that state on purchases of food or drinks with such coupons.
3. This paragraph shall not apply to any food or drinks on which federal law shall permit sales taxes without penalty, such as termination of the state’s participation.
(f) The application of the tax on a package that contains exempt food products and taxable nonfood products depends upon the essential character of the complete package.
1. If the taxable items represent more than 25 percent of the cost of the complete package and a single charge is made, the entire sales price of the package is taxable. If the taxable items are separately stated, the separate charge for the taxable items is subject to tax.
2. If the taxable items represent 25 percent or less of the cost of the complete package and a single charge is made, the entire sales price of the package is exempt from tax. The person preparing the package is liable for the tax on the cost of the taxable items going into the complete package. If the taxable items are separately stated, the separate charge is subject to tax.
(2) EXEMPTIONS; MEDICAL.—
(a) There shall be exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter any medical products and supplies or medicine dispensed according to an individual prescription or prescriptions written by a prescriber authorized by law to prescribe medicinal drugs; hypodermic needles; hypodermic syringes; chemical compounds and test kits used for the diagnosis or treatment of human disease, illness, or injury; and common household remedies recommended and generally sold for internal or external use in the cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of illness or disease in human beings, but not including cosmetics or toilet articles, notwithstanding the presence of medicinal ingredients therein, according to a list prescribed and approved by the Department of Business and Professional Regulation, which list shall be certified to the Department of Revenue from time to time and included in the rules promulgated by the Department of Revenue. There shall also be exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter artificial eyes and limbs; orthopedic shoes; prescription eyeglasses and items incidental thereto or which become a part thereof; dentures; hearing aids; crutches; prosthetic and orthopedic appliances; and funerals. In addition, any items intended for one-time use which transfer essential optical characteristics to contact lenses shall be exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter; however, this exemption shall apply only after $100,000 of the tax imposed by this chapter on such items has been paid in any calendar year by a taxpayer who claims the exemption in such year. Funeral directors shall pay tax on all tangible personal property used by them in their business.
(b) For the purposes of this subsection:
1. “Prosthetic and orthopedic appliances” means any apparatus, instrument, device, or equipment used to replace or substitute for any missing part of the body, to alleviate the malfunction of any part of the body, or to assist any disabled person in leading a normal life by facilitating such person’s mobility. Such apparatus, instrument, device, or equipment shall be exempted according to an individual prescription or prescriptions written by a physician licensed under chapter 458, chapter 459, chapter 460, chapter 461, or chapter 466, or according to a list prescribed and approved by the Department of Health, which list shall be certified to the Department of Revenue from time to time and included in the rules promulgated by the Department of Revenue.
2. “Cosmetics” means articles intended to be rubbed, poured, sprinkled, or sprayed on, introduced into, or otherwise applied to the human body for cleansing, beautifying, promoting attractiveness, or altering the appearance and also means articles intended for use as a compound of any such articles, including, but not limited to, cold creams, suntan lotions, makeup, and body lotions.
3. “Toilet articles” means any article advertised or held out for sale for grooming purposes and those articles that are customarily used for grooming purposes, regardless of the name by which they may be known, including, but not limited to, soap, toothpaste, hair spray, shaving products, colognes, perfumes, shampoo, deodorant, and mouthwash.
4. “Prescription” includes any order for drugs or medicinal supplies written or transmitted by any means of communication by a duly licensed practitioner authorized by the laws of the state to prescribe such drugs or medicinal supplies and intended to be dispensed by a pharmacist. The term also includes an orally transmitted order by the lawfully designated agent of such practitioner. The term also includes an order written or transmitted by a practitioner licensed to practice in a jurisdiction other than this state, but only if the pharmacist called upon to dispense such order determines, in the exercise of his or her professional judgment, that the order is valid and necessary for the treatment of a chronic or recurrent illness. The term also includes a pharmacist’s order for a product selected from the formulary created pursuant to s. 465.186. A prescription may be retained in written form, or the pharmacist may cause it to be recorded in a data processing system, provided that such order can be produced in printed form upon lawful request.
(c) Chlorine shall not be exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter when used for the treatment of water in swimming pools.
(d) Lithotripters are exempt.
(e) Human organs are exempt.
(f) Sales of drugs to or by physicians, dentists, veterinarians, and hospitals in connection with medical treatment are exempt.
(g) Medical products and supplies used in the cure, mitigation, alleviation, prevention, or treatment of injury, disease, or incapacity which are temporarily or permanently incorporated into a patient or client by a practitioner of the healing arts licensed in the state are exempt.
(h) The purchase by a veterinarian of commonly recognized substances possessing curative or remedial properties which are ordered and dispensed as treatment for a diagnosed health disorder by or on the prescription of a duly licensed veterinarian, and which are applied to or consumed by animals for alleviation of pain or the cure or prevention of sickness, disease, or suffering are exempt. Also exempt are the purchase by a veterinarian of antiseptics, absorbent cotton, gauze for bandages, lotions, vitamins, and worm remedies.
(i) Sales of therapeutic veterinary diets specifically formulated to aid in the management of illness and disease of a diagnosed health disorder in an animal and which are only available from a licensed veterinarian are exempt from the tax imposed under this chapter.
(j) X-ray opaques, also known as opaque drugs and radiopaque, such as the various opaque dyes and barium sulphate, when used in connection with medical X rays for treatment of bodies of humans and animals, are exempt.
(k) Parts, special attachments, special lettering, and other like items that are added to or attached to tangible personal property so that a handicapped person can use them are exempt when such items are purchased by a person pursuant to an individual prescription.
1(l) Marijuana and marijuana delivery devices, as defined in s. 381.986, are exempt from the taxes imposed under this chapter.
(m) This subsection shall be strictly construed and enforced.
(3) EXEMPTIONS; CERTAIN FARM EQUIPMENT.—
(a) The tax may not be imposed on the sale, rental, lease, use, consumption, repair, or storage for use in this state of power farm equipment or irrigation equipment, including replacement parts and accessories for power farm equipment or irrigation equipment, which are used exclusively on a farm or in a forest in the agricultural production of crops or products produced by those agricultural industries included in s. 570.02(1), or for fire prevention and suppression work with respect to such crops or products. Harvesting may not be construed to include processing activities. This exemption is not forfeited by moving farm equipment between farms or forests.
2(b) The tax may not be imposed on the sales price for a trailer purchased by a farmer for exclusive use in agricultural production or to transport farm products from his or her farm to the place where the farmer transfers ownership of the farm products to another. This exemption is not forfeited by using a trailer to transport the farmer’s farm equipment. The exemption provided under this paragraph does not apply to the lease or rental of a trailer.
(c) The exemptions provided in paragraphs (a) and (b) are not allowed unless the purchaser, renter, or lessee signs a certificate stating that the farm equipment is to be used exclusively as required under this subsection. Possession by a seller, lessor, or other dealer of a written certification by the purchaser, renter, or lessee certifying the purchaser’s, renter’s, or lessee’s entitlement to an exemption permitted by this subsection relieves the seller from the responsibility of collecting the tax on the nontaxable amounts, and the department shall look solely to the purchaser for recovery of such tax if it determines that the purchaser was not entitled to the exemption.
(4) EXEMPTIONS; ITEMS BEARING OTHER EXCISE TAXES, ETC.—
(a) Also exempt are:
1. Water delivered to the purchaser through pipes or conduits or delivered for irrigation purposes. The sale of drinking water in bottles, cans, or other containers, including water that contains minerals or carbonation in its natural state or water to which minerals have been added at a water treatment facility regulated by the Department of Environmental Protection or the Department of Health, is exempt. This exemption does not apply to the sale of drinking water in bottles, cans, or other containers if carbonation or flavorings, except those added at a water treatment facility, have been added. Water that has been enhanced by the addition of minerals and that does not contain any added carbonation or flavorings is also exempt.
2. All fuels used by a public or private utility, including any municipal corporation or rural electric cooperative association, in the generation of electric power or energy for sale. Fuel other than motor fuel and diesel fuel is taxable as provided in this chapter with the exception of fuel expressly exempt herein. Natural gas and natural gas fuel as defined in s. 206.9951(2) are exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter when placed into the fuel supply system of a motor vehicle. Effective July 1, 2013, natural gas used to generate electricity in a non-combustion fuel cell used in stationary equipment is exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter. Motor fuels and diesel fuels are taxable as provided in chapter 206, with the exception of those motor fuels and diesel fuels used by railroad locomotives or vessels to transport persons or property in interstate or foreign commerce, which are taxable under this chapter only to the extent provided herein. The basis of the tax shall be the ratio of intrastate mileage to interstate or foreign mileage traveled by the carrier’s railroad locomotives or vessels that were used in interstate or foreign commerce and that had at least some Florida mileage during the previous fiscal year of the carrier, such ratio to be determined at the close of the fiscal year of the carrier. However, during the fiscal year in which the carrier begins its initial operations in this state, the carrier’s mileage apportionment factor may be determined on the basis of an estimated ratio of anticipated miles in this state to anticipated total miles for that year, and subsequently, additional tax shall be paid on the motor fuel and diesel fuels, or a refund may be applied for, on the basis of the actual ratio of the carrier’s railroad locomotives’ or vessels’ miles in this state to its total miles for that year. This ratio shall be applied each month to the total Florida purchases made in this state of motor and diesel fuels to establish that portion of the total used and consumed in intrastate movement and subject to tax under this chapter. The basis for imposition of any discretionary surtax shall be set forth in s. 212.054. Fuels used exclusively in intrastate commerce do not qualify for the proration of tax.
3. The transmission or wheeling of electricity.
4. Dyed diesel fuel placed into the storage tank of a vessel used exclusively for the commercial fishing and aquacultural purposes listed in s. 206.41(4)(c)3.
(b) Alcoholic beverages and malt beverages are not exempt. The terms “alcoholic beverages” and “malt beverages” as used in this paragraph have the same meanings ascribed to them in ss. 561.01(4) and 563.01, respectively. It is determined by the Legislature that the classification of alcoholic beverages made in this paragraph for the purpose of extending the tax imposed by this chapter is reasonable and just, and it is intended that such tax be separate from, and in addition to, any other tax imposed on alcoholic beverages.
(5) EXEMPTIONS; ACCOUNT OF USE.—
3(a) Items in agricultural use and certain nets.—There are exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter nets designed and used exclusively by commercial fisheries; disinfectants, fertilizers, insecticides, pesticides, herbicides, fungicides, and weed killers used for application on crops or groves, including commercial nurseries and home vegetable gardens, used in dairy barns or on poultry farms for the purpose of protecting poultry or livestock, or used directly on poultry or livestock; animal health products that are administered to, applied to, or consumed by livestock or poultry to alleviate pain or cure or prevent sickness, disease, or suffering, including, but not limited to, antiseptics, absorbent cotton, gauze for bandages, lotions, vaccines, vitamins, and worm remedies; aquaculture health products that are used by aquaculture producers, as defined in s. 597.0015, to prevent or treat fungi, bacteria, and parasitic diseases; portable containers or movable receptacles in which portable containers are placed, used for processing farm products; field and garden seeds, including flower seeds; nursery stock, seedlings, cuttings, or other propagative material purchased for growing stock; seeds, seedlings, cuttings, and plants used to produce food for human consumption; cloth, plastic, and other similar materials used for shade, mulch, or protection from frost or insects on a farm; hog wire and barbed wire fencing, including gates and materials used to construct or repair such fencing, used in agricultural production on lands classified as agricultural lands under s. 193.461; materials used to construct or repair permanent or temporary fencing used to contain, confine, or process cattle, including gates and energized fencing systems, used in agricultural operations on lands classified as agricultural lands under s. 193.461; stakes used by a farmer to support plants during agricultural production; generators used on poultry farms; and liquefied petroleum gas or other fuel used to heat a structure in which started pullets or broilers are raised; however, such exemption is not allowed unless the purchaser or lessee signs a certificate stating that the item to be exempted is for the exclusive use designated herein. Also exempt are cellophane wrappers, glue for tin and glass (apiarists), mailing cases for honey, shipping cases, window cartons, and baling wire and twine used for baling hay, when used by a farmer to contain, produce, or process an agricultural commodity.
(b) Machinery and equipment used to increase productive output.—
1. Industrial machinery and equipment purchased for exclusive use by a new business in spaceport activities as defined by s. 212.02 or for use in new businesses that manufacture, process, compound, or produce for sale items of tangible personal property at fixed locations are exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter upon an affirmative showing by the taxpayer to the satisfaction of the department that such items are used in a new business in this state. Such purchases must be made before the date the business first begins its productive operations, and delivery of the purchased item must be made within 12 months after that date.
2. Industrial machinery and equipment purchased for exclusive use by an expanding facility which is engaged in spaceport activities as defined by s. 212.02 or for use in expanding manufacturing facilities or plant units which manufacture, process, compound, or produce for sale items of tangible personal property at fixed locations in this state are exempt from any amount of tax imposed by this chapter upon an affirmative showing by the taxpayer to the satisfaction of the department that such items are used to increase the productive output of such expanded facility or business by not less than 5 percent.
3.a. To receive an exemption provided by subparagraph 1. or subparagraph 2., a qualifying business entity shall apply to the department for a temporary tax exemption permit. The application shall state that a new business exemption or expanded business exemption is being sought. Upon a tentative affirmative determination by the department pursuant to subparagraph 1. or subparagraph 2., the department shall issue such permit.
b. The applicant shall maintain all necessary books and records to support the exemption. Upon completion of purchases of qualified machinery and equipment pursuant to subparagraph 1. or subparagraph 2., the temporary tax permit shall be delivered to the department or returned to the department by certified or registered mail.
c. If, in a subsequent audit conducted by the department, it is determined that the machinery and equipment purchased as exempt under subparagraph 1. or subparagraph 2. did not meet the criteria mandated by this paragraph or if commencement of production did not occur, the amount of taxes exempted at the time of purchase shall immediately be due and payable to the department by the business entity, together with the appropriate interest and penalty, computed from the date of purchase, in the manner prescribed by this chapter.
d. If a qualifying business entity fails to apply for a temporary exemption permit or if the tentative determination by the department required to obtain a temporary exemption permit is negative, a qualifying business entity shall receive the exemption provided in subparagraph 1. or subparagraph 2. through a refund of previously paid taxes. No refund may be made for such taxes unless the criteria mandated by subparagraph 1. or subparagraph 2. have been met and commencement of production has occurred.
4. The department shall adopt rules governing applications for, issuance of, and the form of temporary tax exemption permits; provisions for recapture of taxes; and the manner and form of refund applications, and may establish guidelines as to the requisites for an affirmative showing of increased productive output, commencement of production, and qualification for exemption.
5. The exemptions provided in subparagraphs 1. and 2. do not apply to machinery or equipment purchased or used by electric utility companies, communications companies, oil or gas exploration or production operations, publishing firms that do not export at least 50 percent of their finished product out of the state, any firm subject to regulation by the Division of Hotels and Restaurants of the Department of Business and Professional Regulation, or any firm that does not manufacture, process, compound, or produce for sale items of tangible personal property or that does not use such machinery and equipment in spaceport activities as required by this paragraph. The exemptions provided in subparagraphs 1. and 2. shall apply to machinery and equipment purchased for use in phosphate or other solid minerals severance, mining, or processing operations.
6. For the purposes of the exemptions provided in subparagraphs 1. and 2., these terms have the following meanings:
a. “Industrial machinery and equipment” means tangible personal property or other property that has a depreciable life of 3 years or more and that is used as an integral part in the manufacturing, processing, compounding, or production of tangible personal property for sale or is exclusively used in spaceport activities. A building and its structural components are not industrial machinery and equipment unless the building or structural component is so closely related to the industrial machinery and equipment that it houses or supports that the building or structural component can be expected to be replaced when the machinery and equipment are replaced. Heating and air-conditioning systems are not industrial machinery and equipment unless the sole justification for their installation is to meet the requirements of the production process, even though the system may provide incidental comfort to employees or serve, to an insubstantial degree, nonproduction activities. The term includes parts and accessories only to the extent that the exemption thereof is consistent with the provisions of this paragraph.
b. “Productive output” means the number of units actually produced by a single plant, operation, or product line in a single continuous 12-month period, irrespective of sales. Increases in productive output shall be measured by the output for 12 continuous months selected by the expanding business after completion of the installation of such machinery or equipment over the output for the 12 continuous months immediately preceding such installation. However, in no case may such time period begin later than 2 years after completion of the installation of the new machinery and equipment. The units used to measure productive output shall be physically comparable between the two periods, irrespective of sales.
2(c) Machinery and equipment used in production of electrical or steam energy.—
1. The purchase of machinery and equipment for use at a fixed location which machinery and equipment are necessary in the production of electrical or steam energy resulting from the burning of hydrogen or boiler fuels other than residual oil is exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter. Such electrical or steam energy must be primarily for use in manufacturing, processing, compounding, or producing for sale items of tangible personal property in this state. Use of a de minimis amount of residual fuel to facilitate the burning of nonresidual fuel shall not reduce the exemption otherwise available under this paragraph.
2. In facilities where machinery and equipment are necessary to burn hydrogen, or both residual and nonresidual fuels, the exemption shall be prorated. Such proration shall be based upon the production of electrical or steam energy from nonresidual fuels and hydrogen as a percentage of electrical or steam energy from all fuels. If it is determined that 15 percent or less of all electrical or steam energy generated was produced by burning residual fuel, the full exemption shall apply. Purchasers claiming a partial exemption shall obtain such exemption by refund of taxes paid, or as otherwise provided in the department’s rules.
3. The department may adopt rules that provide for implementation of this exemption. Purchasers of machinery and equipment qualifying for the exemption provided in this paragraph shall furnish the vendor with an affidavit stating that the item or items to be exempted are for the use designated herein. Any person furnishing a false affidavit to the vendor for the purpose of evading payment of any tax imposed under this chapter shall be subject to the penalty set forth in s. 212.085 and as otherwise provided by law. Purchasers with self-accrual authority shall maintain all documentation necessary to prove the exempt status of purchases.
(d) Machinery and equipment used under federal procurement contract.—
1. Industrial machinery and equipment purchased by an expanding business which manufactures tangible personal property pursuant to federal procurement regulations at fixed locations in this state are exempt from the tax imposed in this chapter upon an affirmative showing by the taxpayer to the satisfaction of the department that such items are used to increase the implicit productive output of the expanded business by not less than 10 percent. The percentage of increase is measured as deflated implicit productive output for the calendar year during which the installation of the machinery or equipment is completed or during which commencement of production utilizing such items is begun divided by the implicit productive output for the preceding calendar year. In no case may the commencement of production begin later than 2 years following completion of installation of the machinery or equipment.
2. The amount of the exemption allowed shall equal the taxes otherwise imposed by this chapter on qualifying industrial machinery or equipment reduced by the percentage of gross receipts from cost-reimbursement type contracts attributable to the plant or operation to total gross receipts so attributable, accrued for the year of completion or commencement.
3. The exemption provided by this paragraph shall inure to the taxpayer only through refund of previously paid taxes. Such refund shall be made within 30 days of formal approval by the department of the taxpayer’s application, which application may be made on an annual basis following installation of the machinery or equipment.
4. For the purposes of this paragraph, the term:
a. “Cost-reimbursement type contracts” has the same meaning as in 432 C.F.R. s. 3-405.
b. “Deflated implicit productive output” means the product of implicit productive output times the quotient of the national defense implicit price deflator for the preceding calendar year divided by the deflator for the year of completion or commencement.
c. “Eligible costs” means the total direct and indirect costs, as defined in 532 C.F.R. ss. 15-202 and 15-203, excluding general and administrative costs, selling expenses, and profit, defined by the uniform cost-accounting standards adopted by the Cost-Accounting Standards Board created pursuant to 650 U.S.C. s. 2168.
d. “Implicit productive output” means the annual eligible costs attributable to all contracts or subcontracts subject to federal procurement regulations of the single plant or operation at which the machinery or equipment is used.
e. “Industrial machinery and equipment” means tangible personal property or other property that has a depreciable life of 3 years or more, that qualifies as an eligible cost under federal procurement regulations, and that is used as an integral part of the process of production of tangible personal property. A building and its structural components are not industrial machinery and equipment unless the building or structural component is so closely related to the industrial machinery and equipment that it houses or supports that the building or structural component can be expected to be replaced when the machinery and equipment are replaced. Heating and air-conditioning systems are not industrial machinery and equipment unless the sole justification for their installation is to meet the requirements of the production process, even though the system may provide incidental comfort to employees or serve, to an insubstantial degree, nonproduction activities. The term includes parts and accessories only to the extent that the exemption of such parts and accessories is consistent with the provisions of this paragraph.
f. “National defense implicit price deflator” means the national defense implicit price deflator for the gross national product as determined by the Bureau of Economic Analysis of the United States Department of Commerce.
5. The exclusions provided in subparagraph (b)5. apply to this exemption. This exemption applies only to machinery or equipment purchased pursuant to production contracts with the United States Department of Defense and Armed Forces, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and other federal agencies for which the contracts are classified for national security reasons. In no event shall the provisions of this paragraph apply to any expanding business the increase in productive output of which could be measured under the provisions of sub-subparagraph (b)6.b. as physically comparable between the two periods.
(e) Gas or electricity used for certain agricultural purposes.—
1. Butane gas, propane gas, natural gas, and all other forms of liquefied petroleum gases are exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter if used in any tractor, vehicle, or other farm equipment which is used exclusively on a farm or for processing farm products on the farm and no part of which gas is used in any vehicle or equipment driven or operated on the public highways of this state, or if used in any tractor, vehicle, or other farm equipment that is used directly or indirectly for the production, packing, or processing of aquacultural products as defined in s. 597.0015. This restriction does not apply to the movement of farm vehicles or farm equipment between farms. The transporting of bees by water and the operating of equipment used in the apiary of a beekeeper is also deemed an exempt use.
2. Electricity used directly or indirectly for production, packing, or processing of agricultural products on the farm, inclusive of the raising of aquaculture products as defined in s. 597.0015, or used directly or indirectly in a packinghouse, is exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter. As used in this subsection, the term “packinghouse” means any building or structure where fruits, vegetables, or meat from cattle or hogs or fish is packed or otherwise prepared for market or shipment in fresh form for wholesale distribution. The exemption does not apply to electricity used in buildings or structures where agricultural products are sold at retail. This exemption applies only if the electricity used for the exempt purposes is separately metered. If the electricity is not separately metered, it is conclusively presumed that some portion of the electricity is used for a nonexempt purpose, and all of the electricity used for such purposes is taxable. For purposes of this subparagraph, the term “fish” means any of the numerous cold-blooded aquatic vertebrates of the superclass Pisces, characteristically having fins, gills, and a streamlined body, which are raised through aquaculture.
(f) Motion picture or video equipment used in motion picture or television production activities and sound recording equipment used in the production of master tapes and master records.—
1. Motion picture or video equipment and sound recording equipment purchased or leased for use in this state in production activities is exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter. The exemption provided by this paragraph shall inure to the taxpayer upon presentation of the certificate of exemption issued to the taxpayer under the provisions of s. 288.1258.
2. For the purpose of the exemption provided in subparagraph 1.:
a. “Motion picture or video equipment” and “sound recording equipment” includes only tangible personal property or other property that has a depreciable life of 3 years or more and that is used by the lessee or purchaser exclusively as an integral part of production activities; however, motion picture or video equipment and sound recording equipment does not include supplies, tape, records, film, or video tape used in productions or other similar items; vehicles or vessels; or general office equipment not specifically suited to production activities. In addition, the term does not include equipment purchased or leased by television or radio broadcasting or cable companies licensed by the Federal Communications Commission. Furthermore, a building and its structural components are not motion picture or video equipment and sound recording equipment unless the building or structural component is so closely related to the motion picture or video equipment and sound recording equipment that it houses or supports that the building or structural component can be expected to be replaced when the motion picture or video equipment and sound recording equipment are replaced. Heating and air-conditioning systems are not motion picture or video equipment and sound recording equipment unless the sole justification for their installation is to meet the requirements of the production activities, even though the system may provide incidental comfort to employees or serve, to an insubstantial degree, nonproduction activities.
b. “Production activities” means activities directed toward the preparation of a:
(I) Master tape or master record embodying sound; or
(II) Motion picture or television production which is produced for theatrical, commercial, advertising, or educational purposes and utilizes live or animated actions or a combination of live and animated actions. The motion picture or television production shall be commercially produced for sale or for showing on screens or broadcasting on television and may be on film or video tape.
(g) Building materials used in the rehabilitation of real property located in an enterprise zone.—
1. Building materials used in the rehabilitation of real property located in an enterprise zone are exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter upon an affirmative showing to the satisfaction of the department that the items have been used for the rehabilitation of real property located in an enterprise zone. Except as provided in subparagraph 2., this exemption inures to the owner, lessee, or lessor at the time the real property is rehabilitated, but only through a refund of previously paid taxes. To receive a refund pursuant to this paragraph, the owner, lessee, or lessor of the rehabilitated real property must file an application under oath with the governing body or enterprise zone development agency having jurisdiction over the enterprise zone where the business is located, as applicable. A single application for a refund may be submitted for multiple, contiguous parcels that were part of a single parcel that was divided as part of the rehabilitation of the property. All other requirements of this paragraph apply to each parcel on an individual basis. The application must include:
a. The name and address of the person claiming the refund.
b. An address and assessment roll parcel number of the rehabilitated real property for which a refund of previously paid taxes is being sought.
c. A description of the improvements made to accomplish the rehabilitation of the real property.
d. A copy of a valid building permit issued by the county or municipal building department for the rehabilitation of the real property.
e. A sworn statement, under penalty of perjury, from the general contractor licensed in this state with whom the applicant contracted to make the improvements necessary to rehabilitate the real property, which lists the building materials used to rehabilitate the real property, the actual cost of the building materials, and the amount of sales tax paid in this state on the building materials. If a general contractor was not used, the applicant, not a general contractor, shall make the sworn statement required by this sub-subparagraph. Copies of the invoices that evidence the purchase of the building materials used in the rehabilitation and the payment of sales tax on the building materials must be attached to the sworn statement provided by the general contractor or by the applicant. Unless the actual cost of building materials used in the rehabilitation of real property and the payment of sales taxes is documented by a general contractor or by the applicant in this manner, the cost of the building materials is deemed to be an amount equal to 40 percent of the increase in assessed value for ad valorem tax purposes.
f. The identifying number assigned pursuant to s. 290.0065 to the enterprise zone in which the rehabilitated real property is located.
g. A certification by the local building code inspector that the improvements necessary to rehabilitate the real property are substantially completed.
h. A statement of whether the business is a small business as defined by s. 288.703.
i. If applicable, the name and address of each permanent employee of the business, including, for each employee who is a resident of an enterprise zone, the identifying number assigned pursuant to s. 290.0065 to the enterprise zone in which the employee resides.
2. This exemption inures to a municipality, county, other governmental unit or agency, or nonprofit community-based organization through a refund of previously paid taxes if the building materials used in the rehabilitation are paid for from the funds of a community development block grant, State Housing Initiatives Partnership Program, or similar grant or loan program. To receive a refund, a municipality, county, other governmental unit or agency, or nonprofit community-based organization must file an application that includes the same information required in subparagraph 1. In addition, the application must include a sworn statement signed by the chief executive officer of the municipality, county, other governmental unit or agency, or nonprofit community-based organization seeking a refund which states that the building materials for which a refund is sought were funded by a community development block grant, State Housing Initiatives Partnership Program, or similar grant or loan program.
3. Within 10 working days after receipt of an application, the governing body or enterprise zone development agency shall review the application to determine if it contains all the information required by subparagraph 1. or subparagraph 2. and meets the criteria set out in this paragraph. The governing body or agency shall certify all applications that contain the required information and are eligible to receive a refund. If applicable, the governing body or agency shall also certify if 20 percent of the employees of the business are residents of an enterprise zone, excluding temporary and part-time employees. The certification must be in writing, and a copy of the certification shall be transmitted to the executive director of the department. The applicant is responsible for forwarding a certified application to the department within the time specified in subparagraph 4.
4. An application for a refund must be submitted to the department within 6 months after the rehabilitation of the property is deemed to be substantially completed by the local building code inspector or by November 1 after the rehabilitated property is first subject to assessment.
5. Only one exemption through a refund of previously paid taxes for the rehabilitation of real property is permitted for any single parcel of property unless there is a change in ownership, a new lessor, or a new lessee of the real property. A refund may not be granted unless the amount to be refunded exceeds $500. A refund may not exceed the lesser of 97 percent of the Florida sales or use tax paid on the cost of the building materials used in the rehabilitation of the real property as determined pursuant to sub-subparagraph 1.e. or $5,000, or, if at least 20 percent of the employees of the business are residents of an enterprise zone, excluding temporary and part-time employees, the amount of refund may not exceed the lesser of 97 percent of the sales tax paid on the cost of the building materials or $10,000. A refund shall be made within 30 days after formal approval by the department of the application for the refund.
6. The department shall adopt rules governing the manner and form of refund applications and may establish guidelines as to the requisites for an affirmative showing of qualification for exemption under this paragraph.
7. The department shall deduct an amount equal to 10 percent of each refund granted under this paragraph from the amount transferred into the Local Government Half-cent Sales Tax Clearing Trust Fund pursuant to s. 212.20 for the county area in which the rehabilitated real property is located and shall transfer that amount to the General Revenue Fund.
8. For the purposes of the exemption provided in this paragraph, the term:
a. “Building materials” means tangible personal property that becomes a component part of improvements to real property.
b. “Real property” has the same meaning as provided in s. 192.001(12), except that the term does not include a condominium parcel or condominium property as defined in s. 718.103.
c. “Rehabilitation of real property” means the reconstruction, renovation, restoration, rehabilitation, construction, or expansion of improvements to real property.
d. “Substantially completed” has the same meaning as provided in s. 192.042(1).
9. This paragraph expires on the date specified in s. 290.016 for the expiration of the Florida Enterprise Zone Act.
(h) Business property used in an enterprise zone.—
1. Business property purchased for use by businesses located in an enterprise zone which is subsequently used in an enterprise zone shall be exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter. This exemption inures to the business only through a refund of previously paid taxes. A refund shall be authorized upon an affirmative showing by the taxpayer to the satisfaction of the department that the requirements of this paragraph have been met.
2. To receive a refund, the business must file under oath with the governing body or enterprise zone development agency having jurisdiction over the enterprise zone where the business is located, as applicable, an application which includes:
a. The name and address of the business claiming the refund.
b. The identifying number assigned pursuant to s. 290.0065 to the enterprise zone in which the business is located.
c. A specific description of the property for which a refund is sought, including its serial number or other permanent identification number.
d. The location of the property.
e. The sales invoice or other proof of purchase of the property, showing the amount of sales tax paid, the date of purchase, and the name and address of the sales tax dealer from whom the property was purchased.
f. Whether the business is a small business as defined by s. 288.703.
g. If applicable, the name and address of each permanent employee of the business, including, for each employee who is a resident of an enterprise zone, the identifying number assigned pursuant to s. 290.0065 to the enterprise zone in which the employee resides.
3. Within 10 working days after receipt of an application, the governing body or enterprise zone development agency shall review the application to determine if it contains all the information required pursuant to subparagraph 2. and meets the criteria set out in this paragraph. The governing body or agency shall certify all applications that contain the information required pursuant to subparagraph 2. and meet the criteria set out in this paragraph as eligible to receive a refund. If applicable, the governing body or agency shall also certify if 20 percent of the employees of the business are residents of an enterprise zone, excluding temporary and part-time employees. The certification shall be in writing, and a copy of the certification shall be transmitted to the executive director of the Department of Revenue. The business shall be responsible for forwarding a certified application to the department within the time specified in subparagraph 4.
4. An application for a refund pursuant to this paragraph must be submitted to the department within 6 months after the tax is due on the business property that is purchased.
5. The amount refunded on purchases of business property under this paragraph shall be the lesser of 97 percent of the sales tax paid on such business property or $5,000, or, if no less than 20 percent of the employees of the business are residents of an enterprise zone, excluding temporary and part-time employees, the amount refunded on purchases of business property under this paragraph shall be the lesser of 97 percent of the sales tax paid on such business property or $10,000. A refund approved pursuant to this paragraph shall be made within 30 days after formal approval by the department of the application for the refund. A refund may not be granted under this paragraph unless the amount to be refunded exceeds $100 in sales tax paid on purchases made within a 60-day time period.
6. The department shall adopt rules governing the manner and form of refund applications and may establish guidelines as to the requisites for an affirmative showing of qualification for exemption under this paragraph.
7. If the department determines that the business property is used outside an enterprise zone within 3 years from the date of purchase, the amount of taxes refunded to the business purchasing such business property shall immediately be due and payable to the department by the business, together with the appropriate interest and penalty, computed from the date of purchase, in the manner provided by this chapter. Notwithstanding this subparagraph, business property used exclusively in:
a. Licensed commercial fishing vessels,
b. Fishing guide boats, or
c. Ecotourism guide boats
that leave and return to a fixed location within an area designated under s. 379.2353, Florida Statutes 2010, are eligible for the exemption provided under this paragraph if all requirements of this paragraph are met. Such vessels and boats must be owned by a business that is eligible to receive the exemption provided under this paragraph. This exemption does not apply to the purchase of a vessel or boat.
8. The department shall deduct an amount equal to 10 percent of each refund granted under this paragraph from the amount transferred into the Local Government Half-cent Sales Tax Clearing Trust Fund pursuant to s. 212.20 for the county area in which the business property is located and shall transfer that amount to the General Revenue Fund.
9. For the purposes of this exemption, “business property” means new or used property defined as “recovery property” in 7s. 168(c) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954, as amended, except:
a. Property classified as 3-year property under 8s. 168(c)(2)(A) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954, as amended;
b. Industrial machinery and equipment as defined in sub-subparagraph (b)6.a. and eligible for exemption under paragraph (b);
c. Building materials as defined in sub-subparagraph (g)8.a.; and
d. Business property having a sales price of under $5,000 per unit.
10. This paragraph expires on the date specified in s. 290.016 for the expiration of the Florida Enterprise Zone Act.
(i) Aircraft modification services.—There shall be exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter all charges for aircraft modification services, including parts and equipment furnished or installed in connection therewith, performed under authority of a supplemental type certificate issued by the Federal Aviation Administration.
(j) Machinery and equipment used in semiconductor, defense, or space technology production.—
1.a. Industrial machinery and equipment used in semiconductor technology facilities certified under subparagraph 5. to manufacture, process, compound, or produce semiconductor technology products for sale or for use by these facilities are exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter. For purposes of this paragraph, industrial machinery and equipment includes molds, dies, machine tooling, other appurtenances or accessories to machinery and equipment, testing equipment, test beds, computers, and software, whether purchased or self-fabricated, and, if self-fabricated, includes materials and labor for design, fabrication, and assembly.
b. Industrial machinery and equipment used in defense or space technology facilities certified under subparagraph 5. to design, manufacture, assemble, process, compound, or produce defense technology products or space technology products for sale or for use by these facilities are exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter.
2. Building materials purchased for use in manufacturing or expanding clean rooms in semiconductor-manufacturing facilities are exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter.
3. In addition to meeting the criteria mandated by subparagraph 1. or subparagraph 2., a business must be certified by the Department of Commerce in order to qualify for exemption under this paragraph.
4. For items purchased tax-exempt pursuant to this paragraph, possession of a written certification from the purchaser, certifying the purchaser’s entitlement to the exemption, relieves the seller of the responsibility of collecting the tax on the sale of such items, and the department shall look solely to the purchaser for recovery of the tax if it determines that the purchaser was not entitled to the exemption.
5.a. To be eligible to receive the exemption provided by subparagraph 1. or subparagraph 2., a qualifying business entity shall initially apply to the Department of Commerce. The original certification is valid for a period of 2 years. In lieu of submitting a new application, the original certification may be renewed biennially by submitting to the Department of Commerce a statement, certified under oath, that there has not been a material change in the conditions or circumstances entitling the business entity to the original certification. The initial application and the certification renewal statement shall be developed by the Department of Commerce.
b. The Division of Economic Development of the Department of Commerce shall review each submitted initial application and determine whether or not the application is complete within 5 working days. Once complete, the division shall, within 10 working days, evaluate the application and recommend approval or disapproval to the Department of Commerce.
c. Upon receipt of the initial application and recommendation from the division or upon receipt of a certification renewal statement, the Department of Commerce shall certify within 5 working days those applicants who are found to meet the requirements of this section and notify the applicant of the original certification or certification renewal. If the Department of Commerce finds that the applicant does not meet the requirements, it shall notify the applicant within 10 working days that the application for certification has been denied and the reasons for denial. The Department of Commerce has final approval authority for certification under this section.
d. The initial application and certification renewal statement must indicate, for program evaluation purposes only, the average number of full-time equivalent employees at the facility over the preceding calendar year, the average wage and benefits paid to those employees over the preceding calendar year, the total investment made in real and tangible personal property over the preceding calendar year, and the total value of tax-exempt purchases and taxes exempted during the previous year. The department shall assist the Department of Commerce in evaluating and verifying information provided in the application for exemption.
e. The Department of Commerce may use the information reported on the initial application and certification renewal statement for evaluation purposes only.
6. A business certified to receive this exemption may elect to designate one or more state universities or community colleges as recipients of up to 100 percent of the amount of the exemption. To receive these funds, the institution must agree to match the funds with equivalent cash, programs, services, or other in-kind support on a one-to-one basis for research and development projects requested by the certified business. The rights to any patents, royalties, or real or intellectual property must be vested in the business unless otherwise agreed to by the business and the university or community college.
7. As used in this paragraph, the term:
a. “Semiconductor technology products” means raw semiconductor wafers or semiconductor thin films that are transformed into semiconductor memory or logic wafers, including wafers containing mixed memory and logic circuits; related assembly and test operations; active-matrix flat panel displays; semiconductor chips; semiconductor lasers; optoelectronic elements; and related semiconductor technology products as determined by the Department of Commerce.
b. “Clean rooms” means manufacturing facilities enclosed in a manner that meets the clean manufacturing requirements necessary for high-technology semiconductor-manufacturing environments.
c. “Defense technology products” means products that have a military application, including, but not limited to, weapons, weapons systems, guidance systems, surveillance systems, communications or information systems, munitions, aircraft, vessels, or boats, or components thereof, which are intended for military use and manufactured in performance of a contract with the United States Department of Defense or the military branch of a recognized foreign government or a subcontract thereunder which relates to matters of national defense.
d. “Space technology products” means products that are specifically designed or manufactured for application in space activities, including, but not limited to, space launch vehicles, space flight vehicles, missiles, satellites or research payloads, avionics, and associated control systems and processing systems and components of any of the foregoing. The term does not include products that are designed or manufactured for general commercial aviation or other uses even though those products may also serve an incidental use in space applications.
(k) Samples.—Paint color card samples, flooring and wall samples, fabric swatch samples, window covering samples, and similar samples, when such samples serve no useful purpose other than as a comparison of color, texture, or design; are provided by the manufacturer to a dealer or ultimate consumer for no charge; and are given away by the dealer to the ultimate consumer for no charge, are exempt.
(l) Growth enhancers or performance enhancers for cattle.—There is exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter the sale of performance-enhancing or growth-enhancing products for cattle.
(m) Educational materials purchased by certain child care facilities.—Educational materials, such as glue, paper, paints, crayons, unique craft items, scissors, books, and educational toys, purchased by a child care facility that meets the standards delineated in s. 402.305, is licensed under s. 402.308, holds a current Gold Seal Quality Care designation pursuant to s. 1002.945, and provides basic health insurance to all employees are exempt from the taxes imposed by this chapter. For purposes of this paragraph, the term “basic health insurance” shall be defined and promulgated in rules developed jointly by the Department of Education, the Agency for Health Care Administration, and the Financial Services Commission.
(n) Materials for construction of single-family homes in certain areas.—
1. As used in this paragraph, the term:
a. “Building materials” means tangible personal property that becomes a component part of a qualified home.
b. “Qualified home” means a single-family home having an appraised value of no more than $160,000 which is located in an enterprise zone, empowerment zone, or Front Porch Florida Community and which is constructed and occupied by the owner thereof for residential purposes.
c. “Substantially completed” has the same meaning as provided in s. 192.042(1).
2. Building materials used in the construction of a qualified home and the costs of labor associated with the construction of a qualified home are exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter upon an affirmative showing to the satisfaction of the department that the requirements of this paragraph have been met. This exemption inures to the owner through a refund of previously paid taxes. To receive this refund, the owner must file an application under oath with the department which includes:
a. The name and address of the owner.
b. The address and assessment roll parcel number of the home for which a refund is sought.
c. A copy of the building permit issued for the home.
d. A certification by the local building code inspector that the home is substantially completed.
e. A sworn statement, under penalty of perjury, from the general contractor licensed in this state with whom the owner contracted to construct the home, which statement lists the building materials used in the construction of the home and the actual cost thereof, the labor costs associated with such construction, and the amount of sales tax paid on these materials and labor costs. If a general contractor was not used, the owner shall provide this information in a sworn statement, under penalty of perjury. Copies of invoices evidencing payment of sales tax must be attached to the sworn statement.
f. A sworn statement, under penalty of perjury, from the owner affirming that he or she is occupying the home for residential purposes.
3. An application for a refund under this paragraph must be submitted to the department within 6 months after the date the home is deemed to be substantially completed by the local building code inspector. Within 30 working days after receipt of the application, the department shall determine if it meets the requirements of this paragraph. A refund approved pursuant to this paragraph shall be made within 30 days after formal approval of the application by the department.
4. The department shall establish by rule an application form and criteria for establishing eligibility for exemption under this paragraph.
5. The exemption shall apply to purchases of materials on or after July 1, 2000.
(o) Building materials in redevelopment projects.—
1. As used in this paragraph, the term:
a. “Building materials” means tangible personal property that becomes a component part of a housing project or a mixed-use project.
b. “Housing project” means the conversion of an existing manufacturing or industrial building to a housing unit which is in an urban high-crime area, an enterprise zone, an empowerment zone, a Front Porch Florida Community, a designated brownfield site for which a rehabilitation agreement with the Department of Environmental Protection or a local government delegated by the Department of Environmental Protection has been executed under s. 376.80 and any abutting real property parcel within a brownfield area, or an urban infill area; and in which the developer agrees to set aside at least 20 percent of the housing units in the project for low-income and moderate-income persons or the construction in a designated brownfield area of affordable housing for persons described in s. 420.0004(9), (11), (12), or (17) or in s. 159.603(7).
c. “Mixed-use project” means the conversion of an existing manufacturing or industrial building to mixed-use units that include artists’ studios, art and entertainment services, or other compatible uses. A mixed-use project must be located in an urban high-crime area, an enterprise zone, an empowerment zone, a Front Porch Florida Community, a designated brownfield site for which a rehabilitation agreement with the Department of Environmental Protection or a local government delegated by the Department of Environmental Protection has been executed under s. 376.80 and any abutting real property parcel within a brownfield area, or an urban infill area; and the developer must agree to set aside at least 20 percent of the square footage of the project for low-income and moderate-income housing.
d. “Substantially completed” has the same meaning as provided in s. 192.042(1).
2. Building materials used in the construction of a housing project or mixed-use project are exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter upon an affirmative showing to the satisfaction of the department that the requirements of this paragraph have been met. This exemption inures to the owner through a refund of previously paid taxes. To receive this refund, the owner must file an application under oath with the department which includes:
a. The name and address of the owner.
b. The address and assessment roll parcel number of the project for which a refund is sought.
c. A copy of the building permit issued for the project.
d. A certification by the local building code inspector that the project is substantially completed.
e. A sworn statement, under penalty of perjury, from the general contractor licensed in this state with whom the owner contracted to construct the project, which statement lists the building materials used in the construction of the project and the actual cost thereof, and the amount of sales tax paid on these materials. If a general contractor was not used, the owner shall provide this information in a sworn statement, under penalty of perjury. Copies of invoices evidencing payment of sales tax must be attached to the sworn statement.
3. An application for a refund under this paragraph must be submitted to the department within 6 months after the date the project is deemed to be substantially completed by the local building code inspector. Within 30 working days after receipt of the application, the department shall determine if it meets the requirements of this paragraph. A refund approved pursuant to this paragraph shall be made within 30 days after formal approval of the application by the department.
4. The department shall establish by rule an application form and criteria for establishing eligibility for exemption under this paragraph.
5. The exemption shall apply to purchases of materials on or after July 1, 2000.
9(p) Community contribution tax credit for donations.—
1. Authorization.—Persons who are registered with the department under s. 212.18 to collect or remit sales or use tax and who make donations to eligible sponsors are eligible for tax credits against their state sales and use tax liabilities as provided in this paragraph:
a. The credit shall be computed as 50 percent of the person’s approved annual community contribution.
b. The credit shall be granted as a refund against state sales and use taxes reported on returns and remitted in the 12 months preceding the date of application to the department for the credit as required in sub-subparagraph 3.c. If the annual credit is not fully used through such refund because of insufficient tax payments during the applicable 12-month period, the unused amount may be included in an application for a refund made pursuant to sub-subparagraph 3.c. in subsequent years against the total tax payments made for such year. Carryover credits may be applied for a 3-year period without regard to any time limitation that would otherwise apply under s. 215.26.
c. A person may not receive more than $200,000 in annual tax credits for all approved community contributions made in any one year.
d. All proposals for the granting of the tax credit require the prior approval of the Department of Commerce.
e. The total amount of tax credits which may be granted for all programs approved under this paragraph and ss. 220.183 and 624.5105 is $25 million in the 2023-2024 fiscal year and in each fiscal year thereafter for projects that provide housing opportunities for persons with special needs or homeownership opportunities for low-income households or very-low-income households and $4.5 million in the 2022-2023 fiscal year and in each fiscal year thereafter for all other projects. As used in this paragraph, the term “person with special needs” has the same meaning as in s. 420.0004 and the terms “low-income person,” “low-income household,” “very-low-income person,” and “very-low-income household” have the same meanings as in s. 420.9071.
f. A person who is eligible to receive the credit provided in this paragraph, s. 220.183, or s. 624.5105 may receive the credit only under one section of the person’s choice.
2. Eligibility requirements.—
a. A community contribution by a person must be in the following form:
(I) Cash or other liquid assets;
(II) Real property, including 100 percent ownership of a real property holding company;
(III) Goods or inventory; or
(IV) Other physical resources identified by the Department of Commerce.
For purposes of this sub-subparagraph, the term “real property holding company” means a Florida entity, such as a Florida limited liability company, that is wholly owned by the person; is the sole owner of real property, as defined in s. 192.001(12), located in this state; is disregarded as an entity for federal income tax purposes pursuant to 26 C.F.R. s. 301.7701-3(b)(1)(ii); and at the time of contribution to an eligible sponsor, has no material assets other than the real property and any other property that qualifies as a community contribution.
b. All community contributions must be reserved exclusively for use in a project. As used in this sub-subparagraph, the term “project” means activity undertaken by an eligible sponsor which is designed to construct, improve, or substantially rehabilitate housing that is affordable to low-income households or very-low-income households; designed to provide housing opportunities for persons with special needs; designed to provide commercial, industrial, or public resources and facilities; or designed to improve entrepreneurial and job-development opportunities for low-income persons. A project may be the investment necessary to increase access to high-speed broadband capability in a rural community that had an enterprise zone designated pursuant to chapter 290 as of May 1, 2015, including projects that result in improvements to communications assets that are owned by a business. A project may include the provision of museum educational programs and materials that are directly related to a project approved between January 1, 1996, and December 31, 1999, and located in an area which was in an enterprise zone designated pursuant to s. 290.0065 as of May 1, 2015. This paragraph does not preclude projects that propose to construct or rehabilitate housing for low-income households or very-low-income households on scattered sites or housing opportunities for persons with special needs. With respect to housing, contributions may be used to pay the following eligible special needs, low-income, and very-low-income housing-related activities:
(I) Project development impact and management fees for special needs, low-income, or very-low-income housing projects;
(II) Down payment and closing costs for persons with special needs, low-income persons, and very-low-income persons;
(III) Administrative costs, including housing counseling and marketing fees, not to exceed 10 percent of the community contribution, directly related to special needs, low-income, or very-low-income projects; and
(IV) Removal of liens recorded against residential property by municipal, county, or special district local governments if satisfaction of the lien is a necessary precedent to the transfer of the property to a low-income person or very-low-income person for the purpose of promoting home ownership. Contributions for lien removal must be received from a nonrelated third party.
c. The project must be undertaken by an “eligible sponsor,” which includes:
(I) A community action program;
(II) A nonprofit community-based development organization whose mission is the provision of housing for persons with special needs, low-income households, or very-low-income households or increasing entrepreneurial and job-development opportunities for low-income persons;
(III) A neighborhood housing services corporation;
(IV) A local housing authority created under chapter 421;
(V) A community redevelopment agency created under s. 163.356;
(VI) A historic preservation district agency or organization;
(VII) A local workforce development board;
(VIII) A direct-support organization as provided in s. 1009.983;
(IX) An enterprise zone development agency created under s. 290.0056;
(X) A community-based organization incorporated under chapter 617 which is recognized as educational, charitable, or scientific pursuant to s. 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code and whose bylaws and articles of incorporation include affordable housing, economic development, or community development as the primary mission of the corporation;
(XI) Units of local government;
(XII) Units of state government; or
(XIII) Any other agency that the Department of Commerce designates by rule.
A contributing person may not have a financial interest in the eligible sponsor.
d. The project must be located in an area which was in an enterprise zone designated pursuant to chapter 290 as of May 1, 2015, or a Front Porch Florida Community, unless the project increases access to high-speed broadband capability in a rural community that had an enterprise zone designated pursuant to chapter 290 as of May 1, 2015, but is physically located outside the designated rural zone boundaries. Any project designed to construct or rehabilitate housing for low-income households or very-low-income households or housing opportunities for persons with special needs is exempt from the area requirement of this sub-subparagraph.
e.(I) If, during the first 10 business days of the state fiscal year, eligible tax credit applications for projects that provide housing opportunities for persons with special needs or homeownership opportunities for low-income households or very-low-income households are received for less than the annual tax credits available for those projects, the Department of Commerce shall grant tax credits for those applications and grant remaining tax credits on a first-come, first-served basis for subsequent eligible applications received before the end of the state fiscal year. If, during the first 10 business days of the state fiscal year, eligible tax credit applications for projects that provide housing opportunities for persons with special needs or homeownership opportunities for low-income households or very-low-income households are received for more than the annual tax credits available for those projects, the Department of Commerce shall grant the tax credits for those applications as follows:
(A) If tax credit applications submitted for approved projects of an eligible sponsor do not exceed $200,000 in total, the credits shall be granted in full if the tax credit applications are approved.
(B) If tax credit applications submitted for approved projects of an eligible sponsor exceed $200,000 in total, the amount of tax credits granted pursuant to sub-sub-sub-subparagraph (A) shall be subtracted from the amount of available tax credits, and the remaining credits shall be granted to each approved tax credit application on a pro rata basis.
(II) If, during the first 10 business days of the state fiscal year, eligible tax credit applications for projects other than those that provide housing opportunities for persons with special needs or homeownership opportunities for low-income households or very-low-income households are received for less than the annual tax credits available for those projects, the Department of Commerce shall grant tax credits for those applications and shall grant remaining tax credits on a first-come, first-served basis for subsequent eligible applications received before the end of the state fiscal year. If, during the first 10 business days of the state fiscal year, eligible tax credit applications for projects other than those that provide housing opportunities for persons with special needs or homeownership opportunities for low-income households or very-low-income households are received for more than the annual tax credits available for those projects, the Department of Commerce shall grant the tax credits for those applications on a pro rata basis.
3. Application requirements.—
a. An eligible sponsor seeking to participate in this program must submit a proposal to the Department of Commerce which sets forth the name of the sponsor, a description of the project, and the area in which the project is located, together with such supporting information as is prescribed by rule. The proposal must also contain a resolution from the local governmental unit in which the project is located certifying that the project is consistent with local plans and regulations.
b. A person seeking to participate in this program must submit an application for tax credit to the Department of Commerce which sets forth the name of the sponsor; a description of the project; and the type, value, and purpose of the contribution. The sponsor shall verify, in writing, the terms of the application and indicate its receipt of the contribution, and such verification must accompany the application for tax credit. The person must submit a separate tax credit application to the Department of Commerce for each individual contribution that it makes to each individual project.
c. A person who has received notification from the Department of Commerce that a tax credit has been approved must apply to the department to receive the refund. Application must be made on the form prescribed for claiming refunds of sales and use taxes and be accompanied by a copy of the notification. A person may submit only one application for refund to the department within a 12-month period.
4. Administration.—
a. The Department of Commerce may adopt rules necessary to administer this paragraph, including rules for the approval or disapproval of proposals by a person.
b. The decision of the Department of Commerce must be in writing, and, if approved, the notification shall state the maximum credit allowable to the person. Upon approval, the Department of Commerce shall transmit a copy of the decision to the department.
c. The Department of Commerce shall periodically monitor all projects in a manner consistent with available resources to ensure that resources are used in accordance with this paragraph; however, each project must be reviewed at least once every 2 years.
d. The Department of Commerce shall, in consultation with the statewide and regional housing and financial intermediaries, market the availability of the community contribution tax credit program to community-based organizations.
(q) Building materials, the rental of tangible personal property, and pest control services used in new construction located in a rural area of opportunity.—
1. As used in this paragraph, the term:
a. “Building materials” means tangible personal property that becomes a component part of improvements to real property.
b. “Exempt goods and services” means building materials, the rental of tangible personal property, and pest control services used in new construction.
c. “New construction” means improvements to real property which did not previously exist. The term does not include the reconstruction, renovation, restoration, rehabilitation, modification, alteration, or expansion of buildings already located on the parcel on which the new construction is built.
d. “Pest control” has the same meaning as in s. 482.021.
e. “Real property” has the same meaning as provided in s. 192.001, but does not include a condominium parcel or condominium property as defined in s. 718.103.
f. “Substantially completed” has the same meaning as in s. 192.042(1).
2. Building materials, the rental of tangible personal property, and pest control services used in new construction located in a rural area of opportunity, as designated by the Governor pursuant to s. 288.0656, are exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter if an owner, lessee, or lessor can demonstrate to the satisfaction of the department that the requirements of this paragraph have been met. Except as provided in subparagraph 3., this exemption inures to the owner, lessee, or lessor at the time the new construction occurs, but only through a refund of previously paid taxes. To receive a refund pursuant to this paragraph, the owner, lessee, or lessor of the new construction must file an application under oath with the Department of Commerce. The application must include all of the following:
a. The name and address of the person claiming the refund.
b. An address and assessment roll parcel number of the real property that was improved by the new construction for which a refund of previously paid taxes is being sought.
c. A description of the new construction.
d. A copy of a valid building permit issued by the county or municipal building department for the new construction.
e. A sworn statement, under penalty of perjury, from the general contractor licensed in this state with whom the applicant contracted to build the new construction, which specifies the exempt goods and services, the actual cost of the exempt goods and services, and the amount of sales tax paid in this state on the exempt goods and services, and which states that the improvement to the real property was new construction. If a general contractor was not used, the applicant shall make the sworn statement required by this sub-subparagraph. Copies of the invoices evidencing the actual cost of the exempt goods and services and the amount of sales tax paid on such goods and services must be attached to the sworn statement provided by the general contractor or by the applicant. If copies of such invoices are not attached, the cost of the exempt goods and services is deemed to be an amount equal to 40 percent of the increase in assessed value of the property for ad valorem tax purposes.
f. A certification by the local building code inspector that the new construction is substantially completed and is new construction.
3. The exemption under this paragraph inures to a municipality, county, other governmental unit or agency, or nonprofit community-based organization through a refund of previously paid taxes if the exempt goods and services are paid for from the funds of a community development block grant, the State Housing Initiatives Partnership Program, or a similar grant or loan program. To receive a refund, a municipality, county, other governmental unit or agency, or nonprofit community-based organization must file an application that includes the same information required under subparagraph 2. In addition, the application must include a sworn statement signed by the chief executive officer of the municipality, county, other governmental unit or agency, or nonprofit community-based organization seeking a refund which states that the exempt goods and services for which a refund is sought were funded by a community development block grant, the State Housing Initiatives Partnership Program, or a similar grant or loan program.
4. Within 10 working days after receiving an application, the Department of Commerce shall review the application to determine whether it contains all of the information required by subparagraph 2. or subparagraph 3., as appropriate, and meets the criteria set out in this paragraph. The Department of Commerce shall certify all applications that contain the required information and are eligible to receive a refund. The certification must be in writing and a copy must be transmitted by the Department of Commerce to the executive director of the department. The applicant is responsible for forwarding a certified application to the department within the period specified in subparagraph 5.
5. An application for a refund must be submitted to the department within 6 months after the new construction is deemed to be substantially completed by the local building code inspector or by November 1 after the improved property is first subject to assessment.
6. Only one exemption through a refund of previously paid taxes for the new construction may be claimed for any single parcel of property unless there is a change in ownership, a new lessor, or a new lessee of the real property. A refund may not be granted unless the amount to be refunded exceeds $500. A refund may not exceed the lesser of 97.5 percent of the Florida sales or use tax paid on the cost of the exempt goods and services as determined pursuant to sub-subparagraph 2.e. or $10,000. The department shall issue a refund within 30 days after it formally approves a refund application.
7. The department shall deduct 10 percent of each refund amount granted under this paragraph from the amount transferred into the Local Government Half-cent Sales Tax Clearing Trust Fund pursuant to s. 212.20 for the county area in which the new construction is located and shall transfer that amount to the General Revenue Fund.
8. The department may adopt rules governing the manner and format of refund applications and may establish guidelines as to the requisites for an affirmative showing of qualification for exemption under this paragraph.
9. This exemption does not apply to improvements for which construction began before July 1, 2017.
(r) Data center property.—
1. As used in this paragraph, the term:
a. “Critical IT load” means that portion of electric power capacity, expressed in terms of megawatts, which is reserved solely for owners or tenants of a data center to operate their computer server equipment. The term does not include any ancillary load for cooling, lighting, common areas, or other equipment.
b. “Cumulative capital investment” means the combined total of all expenses incurred by the owners or tenants of a data center after July 1, 2017, in connection with acquiring, constructing, installing, equipping, or expanding the data center. However, the term does not include any expenses incurred in the acquisition of improved real property operating as a data center at the time of acquisition or within 6 months before the acquisition.
c. “Data center” means a facility that:
(I) Consists of one or more contiguous parcels in this state, along with the buildings, substations and other infrastructure, fixtures, and personal property located on the parcels;
(II) Is used exclusively to house and operate equipment that receives, stores, aggregates, manages, processes, transforms, retrieves, researches, or transmits data; or that is necessary for the proper operation of equipment that receives, stores, aggregates, manages, processes, transforms, retrieves, researches, or transmits data;
(III) Has a critical IT load of 15 megawatts or higher, and a critical IT load of 1 megawatt or higher dedicated to each individual owner or tenant within the data center; and
(IV) Is constructed on or after July 1, 2017.
d. “Data center property” means property used exclusively at a data center to construct, outfit, operate, support, power, cool, dehumidify, secure, or protect a data center and any contiguous dedicated substations. The term includes, but is not limited to, construction materials, component parts, machinery, equipment, computers, servers, installations, redundancies, and operating or enabling software, including any replacements, updates and new versions, and upgrades to or for such property, regardless of whether the property is a fixture or is otherwise affixed to or incorporated into real property. The term also includes electricity used exclusively at a data center.
2. Data center property is exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter, except for the tax imposed by s. 212.031. To be eligible for the exemption provided by this paragraph, the data center’s owners and tenants must make a cumulative capital investment of $150 million or more for the data center and the data center must have a critical IT load of 15 megawatts or higher and a critical IT load of 1 megawatt or higher dedicated to each individual owner or tenant within the data center. Each of these requirements must be satisfied no later than 5 years after the commencement of construction of the data center.
3.a. To receive the exemption provided by this paragraph, the person seeking the exemption must apply to the department for a temporary tax exemption certificate. The application must state that a qualifying data center designation is being sought and provide information that the requirements of subparagraph 2. will be met. Upon a tentative determination by the department that the data center will meet the requirements of subparagraph 2., the department must issue the certificate.
b.(I) The certificateholder shall maintain all necessary books and records to support the exemption provided by this paragraph. Upon satisfaction of all requirements of subparagraph 2., the certificateholder must deliver the temporary tax certificate to the department together with documentation sufficient to show the satisfaction of the requirements. Such documentation must include written declarations, pursuant to s. 92.525, from:
(A) A professional engineer, licensed pursuant to chapter 471, certifying that the critical IT load requirement set forth in subparagraph 2. has been satisfied at the data center; and
(B) A Florida certified public accountant, as defined in s. 473.302, certifying that the cumulative capital investment requirement set forth in subparagraph 2. has been satisfied for the data center.
The professional engineer and the Florida certified public accountant may not be professionally related with the data center’s owners, tenants, or contractors, except that they may be retained by a data center owner to certify that the requirements of subparagraph 2. have been met.
(II) If the department determines that the subparagraph 2. requirements have been satisfied, the department must issue a permanent tax exemption certificate.
(III) Notwithstanding s. 212.084(4), the permanent tax exemption certificate remains valid and effective for as long as the data center described in the exemption application continues to operate as a data center as defined in subparagraph 1., with review by the department every 5 years to ensure compliance. As part of the review, the certificateholder shall, within 3 months before the end of any 5-year period, submit a written declaration, pursuant to s. 92.525, certifying that the critical IT load of 15 megawatts or higher and the critical IT load of 1 megawatt or higher dedicated to each individual owner or tenant within the data center required by subparagraph 2. continues to be met. All owners, tenants, contractors, and others purchasing exempt data center property shall maintain all necessary books and records to support the exemption as to those purchases.
(IV) Notwithstanding s. 213.053, the department may share information concerning a temporary or permanent data center exemption certificate among all owners, tenants, contractors, and others purchasing exempt data center property pursuant to such certificate.
c. If, in an audit conducted by the department, it is determined that the certificateholder or any owners, tenants, contractors, or others purchasing, renting, or leasing data center property do not meet the criteria of this paragraph, the amount of taxes exempted at the time of purchase, rental, or lease is immediately due and payable to the department from the purchaser, renter, or lessee of those particular items, together with the appropriate interest and penalty computed from the date of purchase in the manner prescribed by this chapter. Notwithstanding s. 95.091(3)(a), any tax due as provided in this sub-subparagraph may be assessed by the department within 6 years after the date the data center property was purchased.
d. Purchasers, lessees, and renters of data center property who qualify for the exemption provided by this paragraph shall obtain from the data center a copy of the tax exemption certificate issued pursuant to sub-subparagraph a. or sub-subparagraph b. Before or at the time of purchase of the item or items eligible for exemption, the purchaser, lessee, or renter shall provide to the seller a copy of the tax exemption certificate and a signed certificate of entitlement. Purchasers, lessees, and renters with self-accrual authority shall maintain all documentation necessary to prove the exempt status of purchases.
e. For any purchase, lease, or rental of property that is exempt pursuant to this paragraph, the possession of a copy of a tax exemption certificate issued pursuant to sub-subparagraph a. or sub-subparagraph b. and a signed certificate of entitlement relieves the seller of the responsibility of collecting the tax on the sale, lease, or rental of such property, and the department must look solely to the purchaser, renter, or lessee for recovery of the tax if it determines that the purchase, rental, or lease was not entitled to the exemption.
4. After June 30, 2027, the department may not issue a temporary tax exemption certificate pursuant to this paragraph.
(s) Machinery and equipment used in aquacultural activities.—
1. Industrial machinery and equipment purchased for use in aquacultural activities at fixed locations are exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter.
2. As used in this paragraph, the term:
a. “Aquacultural activities” means the business of the cultivation of aquatic organisms and certification under s. 597.004. Aquacultural activities must produce an aquaculture product. For purposes of this sub-subparagraph, the term “aquaculture product” means aquatic organisms and any product derived from aquatic organisms that are owned and propagated, grown, or produced under controlled conditions. Such products do not include organisms harvested from the wild for depuration, wet storage, or relay for purification.
b. “Industrial machinery and equipment” means tangible personal property or other property that has a depreciable life of 3 years or more and that is used as an integral part in the manufacturing, processing, compounding, or production of tangible personal property for sale. The term includes a building and its structural components, including heating and air-conditioning systems. The term includes parts and accessories only to the extent that the exemption thereof is consistent with this paragraph.
(t) Items that assist in independent living.—
1. The following items, when purchased for noncommercial home or personal use, are exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter:
a. A bed transfer handle selling for $60 or less.
b. A bed rail selling for $110 or less.
c. A grab bar selling for $100 or less.
d. A shower seat selling for $100 or less.
2. This exemption does not apply to a purchase made by a business, including, but not limited to, a medical institution or an assisted living facility.
10(u) Building materials used in construction of affordable housing units.—
1. As used in this paragraph, the term:
a. “Affordable housing development” means property that has units subject to an agreement with the Florida Housing Finance Corporation pursuant to chapter 420 recorded in the official records of the county in which the property is located to provide affordable housing to natural persons or families meeting the extremely-low-income, very-low-income, or low-income limits specified in s. 420.0004.
b. “Building materials” means tangible personal property that becomes a component part of eligible residential units in an affordable housing development. The term includes appliances and does not include plants, landscaping, fencing, and hardscaping.
c. “Eligible residential units” means newly constructed units within an affordable housing development which are restricted under the land use restriction agreement.
d. “Newly constructed” means improvements to real property which did not previously exist or the construction of a new improvement where an old improvement was removed. The term does not include the renovation, restoration, rehabilitation, modification, alteration, or expansion of buildings already located on the parcel on which the eligible residential unit is built.
e. “Real property” has the same meaning as provided in s. 192.001(12).
f. “Substantially completed” has the same meaning as in s. 192.042(1).
2. Building materials used in eligible residential units are exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter if an owner demonstrates to the satisfaction of the department that the requirements of this paragraph have been met. Except as provided in subparagraph 3., this exemption inures to the owner at the time an eligible residential unit is substantially completed, but only through a refund of previously paid taxes. To receive a refund pursuant to this paragraph, the owner of the eligible residential units must file an application with the department. The application must include all of the following:
a. The name and address of the person claiming the refund.
b. An address and assessment roll parcel number of the real property that was improved for which a refund of previously paid taxes is being sought.
c. A description of the eligible residential units for which a refund of previously paid taxes is being sought, including the number of such units.
d. A copy of a valid building permit issued by the county or municipal building department for the eligible residential units.
e. A sworn statement, under penalty of perjury, from the general contractor licensed in this state with whom the owner contracted to build the eligible residential units which specifies the building materials, the actual cost of the building materials, and the amount of sales tax paid in this state on the building materials, and which states that the improvement to the real property was newly constructed. If a general contractor was not used, the owner must make the sworn statement required by this sub-subparagraph. Copies of the invoices evidencing the actual cost of the building materials and the amount of sales tax paid on such building materials must be attached to the sworn statement provided by the general contractor or by the owner. If copies of such invoices are not attached, the cost of the building materials is deemed to be an amount equal to 40 percent of the increase in the final assessed value of the eligible residential units for ad valorem tax purposes less the most recent assessed value of land for the units.
f. A certification by the local building code inspector that the eligible residential unit is substantially completed.
g. A copy of the land use restriction agreement with the Florida Housing Finance Corporation for the eligible residential units.
3. The exemption under this paragraph inures to a municipality, county, other governmental unit or agency, or nonprofit community-based organization through a refund of previously paid taxes if the building materials are paid for from the funds of a community development block grant, the State Housing Initiatives Partnership Program, or a similar grant or loan program. To receive a refund, a municipality, county, other governmental unit or agency, or nonprofit community-based organization must submit an application that includes the same information required under subparagraph 2. In addition, the applicant must include a sworn statement signed by the chief executive officer of the municipality, county, other governmental unit or agency, or nonprofit community-based organization seeking a refund which states that the building materials for which a refund is sought were funded by a community development block grant, the State Housing Initiatives Partnership Program, or a similar grant or loan program.
4. The person seeking a refund must submit an application for refund to the department within 6 months after the eligible residential unit is deemed to be substantially completed by the local building code inspector or by November 1 after the improved property is first subject to assessment.
5. Only one exemption through a refund of previously paid taxes may be claimed for any eligible residential unit. A refund may not be granted unless the amount to be refunded exceeds $500. A refund may not exceed the lesser of $5,000 or 97.5 percent of the Florida sales or use tax paid on the cost of building materials as determined pursuant to sub-subparagraph 2.e. The department shall issue a refund within 30 days after it formally approves a refund application.
6. The department may adopt rules governing the manner and format of refund applications and may establish guidelines as to the requisites for an affirmative showing of qualification for exemption under this paragraph.
7. This exemption under this paragraph applies to sales of building materials that occur on or after July 1, 2023.
11(v) Renewable natural gas machinery and equipment.—
1. As used in this paragraph, the term “renewable natural gas” means anaerobically generated biogas, landfill gas, or wastewater treatment gas refined to a methane content of 90 percent or greater, which may be used as transportation fuel or for electric generation or is of a quality capable of being injected into a natural gas pipeline. For purposes of this paragraph, any reference to natural gas includes renewable natural gas.
2. The purchase of machinery and equipment that is primarily used in the production, storage, transportation, compression, or blending of renewable natural gas and that is used at a fixed location is exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter.
3. Purchasers of machinery and equipment qualifying for the exemption provided in this paragraph must furnish the vendor with an affidavit stating that the item or items to be exempted are for the use designated herein. Purchasers with self-accrual authority pursuant to s. 212.183 are not required to provide this affidavit, but shall maintain all documentation necessary to prove the exempt status of purchases.
4. A person furnishing a false affidavit to the vendor for the purpose of evading payment of the tax imposed under this chapter is subject to the penalty set forth in s. 212.085 and as otherwise provided by law.
5. The department may adopt rules to administer this paragraph.
(6) EXEMPTIONS; POLITICAL SUBDIVISIONS.—
(a) There are also exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter sales made to the United States Government, a state, or any county, municipality, or political subdivision of a state when payment is made directly to the dealer by the governmental entity. This exemption shall not inure to any transaction otherwise taxable under this chapter when payment is made by a government employee by any means, including, but not limited to, cash, check, or credit card when that employee is subsequently reimbursed by the governmental entity. This exemption does not include sales, rental, use, consumption, or storage for use in any political subdivision or municipality in this state of machines and equipment and parts and accessories therefor used in the generation, transmission, or distribution of electrical energy by systems owned and operated by a political subdivision in this state for transmission or distribution expansion. Likewise exempt are charges for services rendered by radio and television stations, including line charges, talent fees, or license fees and charges for films, videotapes, and transcriptions used in producing radio or television broadcasts. The exemption provided in this subsection does not include sales, rental, use, consumption, or storage for use in any political subdivision or municipality in this state of machines and equipment and parts and accessories therefor used in providing two-way telecommunications services to the public for hire by the use of a telecommunications facility, as defined in s. 364.02(14), and for which a certificate is required under chapter 364, which facility is owned and operated by any county, municipality, or other political subdivision of the state. Any immunity of any political subdivision of the state or other entity of local government from taxation of the property used to provide telecommunication services that is taxed as a result of this section is hereby waived. However, the exemption provided in this subsection includes transactions taxable under this chapter which are for use by the operator of a public-use airport, as defined in s. 332.004, in providing such telecommunications services for the airport or its tenants, concessionaires, or licensees, or which are for use by a public hospital for the provision of such telecommunications services.
(b) The exemption provided under this subsection does not include sales of tangible personal property made to contractors employed directly to or as agents of any such government or political subdivision when such tangible personal property goes into or becomes a part of public works owned by such government or political subdivision. A determination of whether a particular transaction is properly characterized as an exempt sale to a government entity or a taxable sale to a contractor shall be based upon the substance of the transaction rather than the form in which the transaction is cast. However, for sales of tangible personal property that go into or become a part of public works owned by a governmental entity, other than the Federal Government, a governmental entity claiming the exemption provided under this subsection shall certify to the dealer and the contractor the entity’s claim to the exemption by providing the dealer and the contractor a certificate of entitlement to the exemption for such sales. If the department later determines that such sales, in which the governmental entity provided the dealer and the contractor with a certificate of entitlement to the exemption, were not exempt sales to the governmental entity, the governmental entity shall be liable for any tax, penalty, and interest determined to be owed on such transactions. Possession by a dealer or contractor of a certificate of entitlement to the exemption from the governmental entity relieves the dealer from the responsibility of collecting tax on the sale and the contractor for any liability for tax, penalty, or interest related to the sale, and the department shall look solely to the governmental entity for recovery of tax, penalty, and interest if the department determines that the transaction was not an exempt sale to the governmental entity. The governmental entity may not transfer liability for such tax, penalty, and interest to another party by contract or agreement.
(c) The department shall adopt rules for determining whether a particular transaction is properly characterized as an exempt sale to a governmental entity or a taxable sale to a contractor which give special consideration to factors that govern the status of the tangible personal property before being affixed to real property. In developing such rules, assumption of the risk of damage or loss is of paramount consideration in the determination. The department shall also adopt, by rule, a certificate of entitlement to exemption for use as provided in paragraph (b). The certificate shall require the governmental entity to affirm that it will comply with the requirements of this subsection and the rules adopted under paragraph (b) in order to qualify for the exemption and that it acknowledges its liability for any tax, penalty, or interest later determined by the department to be owed on such transactions.
(d) For purposes of paragraph (a), the phrase “when payment is made directly to the dealer by the governmental entity” includes situations in which an entity under contract with a municipality to maintain and operate a municipally owned golf course pays for a purchase or lease for the operation or maintenance of that golf course using the golf course revenues or other funds provided by the municipality for use by that entity. This paragraph applies to a municipally owned golf course that is:
1. Located in a county with a population of at least 2 million residents.
2. The site upon which youth education programs are delivered on an ongoing basis by a nonprofit organization that is exempt from federal income tax under s. 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code.
(7) MISCELLANEOUS EXEMPTIONS.—Exemptions provided to any entity by this chapter do not inure to any transaction that is otherwise taxable under this chapter when payment is made by a representative or employee of the entity by any means, including, but not limited to, cash, check, or credit card, even when that representative or employee is subsequently reimbursed by the entity. In addition, exemptions provided to any entity by this subsection do not inure to any transaction that is otherwise taxable under this chapter unless the entity has obtained a sales tax exemption certificate from the department or the entity obtains or provides other documentation as required by the department. Eligible purchases or leases made with such a certificate must be in strict compliance with this subsection and departmental rules, and any person who makes an exempt purchase with a certificate that is not in strict compliance with this subsection and the rules is liable for and shall pay the tax. The department may adopt rules to administer this subsection.
(a) Artificial commemorative flowers.—Exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter is the sale of artificial commemorative flowers by bona fide nationally chartered veterans’ organizations.
2(b) Boiler fuels.—When purchased for use as a combustible fuel, purchases of natural gas, residual oil, recycled oil, waste oil, solid waste material, coal, sulfur, hydrogen, wood, wood residues or wood bark used in an industrial manufacturing, processing, compounding, or production process at a fixed location in this state are exempt from the taxes imposed by this chapter; however, such exemption shall not be allowed unless the purchaser signs a certificate stating that the fuel to be exempted is for the exclusive use designated herein. This exemption does not apply to the use of boiler fuels that are not used in manufacturing, processing, compounding, or producing items of tangible personal property for sale, or to the use of boiler fuels used by any firm subject to regulation by the Division of Hotels and Restaurants of the Department of Business and Professional Regulation.
(c) Crustacea bait.—Also exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter is the purchase by commercial fishers of bait intended solely for use in the entrapment of Callinectes sapidus and Menippe mercenaria.
(d) Feeds.—Feeds for poultry, ostriches, and livestock, including racehorses and dairy cows, are exempt.
(e) Film rentals.—Film rentals are exempt when an admission is charged for viewing such film, and license fees and direct charges for films, videotapes, and transcriptions used by television or radio stations or networks are exempt.
(f) Flags.—Also exempt are sales of the flag of the United States and the official state flag of Florida.
(g) Florida Retired Educators Association and its local chapters.—Also exempt from payment of the tax imposed by this chapter are purchases of office supplies, equipment, and publications made by the Florida Retired Educators Association and its local chapters.
(h) Guide dogs for the blind.—Also exempt are the sale or rental of guide dogs for the blind, commonly referred to as “seeing-eye dogs,” and the sale of food or other items for such guide dogs.
1. The department shall issue a consumer’s certificate of exemption to any blind person who holds an identification card as provided for in s. 413.091 and who either owns or rents, or contemplates the ownership or rental of, a guide dog for the blind. The consumer’s certificate of exemption shall be issued without charge and shall be of such size as to be capable of being carried in a wallet or billfold.
2. The department shall make such rules concerning items exempt from tax under the provisions of this paragraph as may be necessary to provide that any person authorized to have a consumer’s certificate of exemption need only present such a certificate at the time of paying for exempt goods and shall not be required to pay any tax thereon.
(i) Hospital meals and rooms.—Also exempt from payment of the tax imposed by this chapter on rentals and meals are patients and inmates of any hospital or other physical plant or facility designed and operated primarily for the care of persons who are ill, aged, infirm, mentally or physically incapacitated, or otherwise dependent on special care or attention. Residents of a home for the aged are exempt from payment of taxes on meals provided through the facility. A home for the aged is defined as a facility that is licensed or certified in part or in whole under chapter 400, chapter 429, or chapter 651, or that is financed by a mortgage loan made or insured by the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development under s. 202, s. 202 with a s. 8 subsidy, s. 221(d)(3) or (4), s. 232, or s. 236 of the National Housing Act, or other such similar facility designed and operated primarily for the care of the aged.
(j) Household fuels.—Also exempt from payment of the tax imposed by this chapter are sales of utilities to residential households or owners of residential models in this state by utility companies who pay the gross receipts tax imposed under s. 203.01, and sales of fuel to residential households or owners of residential models, including oil, kerosene, liquefied petroleum gas, coal, wood, and other fuel products used in the household or residential model for the purposes of heating, cooking, lighting, and refrigeration, regardless of whether such sales of utilities and fuels are separately metered and billed direct to the residents or are metered and billed to the landlord. If any part of the utility or fuel is used for a nonexempt purpose, the entire sale is taxable. The landlord shall provide a separate meter for nonexempt utility or fuel consumption. For the purposes of this paragraph, licensed family day care homes shall also be exempt.
(k) Meals provided by certain nonprofit organizations.—There is exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter the sale of prepared meals by a nonprofit volunteer organization to handicapped, elderly, or indigent persons when such meals are delivered as a charitable function by the organization to such persons at their places of residence.
(l) Organizations providing special educational, cultural, recreational, and social benefits to minors.—Also exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter are sales or leases to and sales of donated property by nonprofit organizations which are incorporated pursuant to chapter 617 the primary purpose of which is providing activities that contribute to the development of good character or good sportsmanship, or to the educational or cultural development, of minors. This exemption is extended only to that level of the organization that has a salaried executive officer or an elected nonsalaried executive officer. For the purpose of this paragraph, the term “donated property” means any property transferred to such nonprofit organization for less than 50 percent of its fair market value.
(m) Religious institutions.—
1. There are exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter transactions involving sales or leases directly to religious institutions when used in carrying on their customary nonprofit religious activities or sales or leases of tangible personal property by religious institutions having an established physical place for worship at which nonprofit religious services and activities are regularly conducted and carried on.
2. As used in this paragraph, the term “religious institutions” means churches, synagogues, and established physical places for worship at which nonprofit religious services and activities are regularly conducted and carried on. The term “religious institutions” includes nonprofit corporations the sole purpose of which is to provide free transportation services to church members, their families, and other church attendees. The term “religious institutions” also includes nonprofit state, nonprofit district, or other nonprofit governing or administrative offices the function of which is to assist or regulate the customary activities of religious institutions. The term “religious institutions” also includes any nonprofit corporation that is qualified as nonprofit under s. 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and that owns and operates a Florida television station, at least 90 percent of the programming of which station consists of programs of a religious nature and the financial support for which, exclusive of receipts for broadcasting from other nonprofit organizations, is predominantly from contributions from the general public. The term “religious institutions” also includes any nonprofit corporation that is qualified as nonprofit under s. 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, the primary activity of which is making and distributing audio recordings of religious scriptures and teachings to blind or visually impaired persons at no charge. The term “religious institutions” also includes any nonprofit corporation that is qualified as nonprofit under s. 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, the sole or primary function of which is to provide, upon invitation, nonprofit religious services, evangelistic services, religious education, administrative assistance, or missionary assistance for a church, synagogue, or established physical place of worship at which nonprofit religious services and activities are regularly conducted.
(n) Veterans’ organizations.—
1. There are exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter transactions involving sales or leases to qualified veterans’ organizations and their auxiliaries when used in carrying on their customary veterans’ organization activities or sales of food or drink by qualified veterans’ organizations in connection with customary veterans’ organization activities to members of qualified veterans’ organizations.
2. As used in this paragraph, the term “veterans’ organizations” means nationally chartered or recognized veterans’ organizations, including, but not limited to, the American Legion, Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States, Florida chapters of the Paralyzed Veterans of America, Catholic War Veterans of the U.S.A., Jewish War Veterans of the U.S.A., and the Disabled American Veterans, Department of Florida, Inc., which hold current exemptions from federal income tax under s. 501(c)(4) or (19) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
(o) Schools, colleges, and universities.—Also exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter are sales or leases to state tax-supported schools, colleges, or universities.
(p) Section 501(c)(3) organizations.—
1. Exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter are sales or leases to organizations determined by the Internal Revenue Service to be currently exempt from federal income tax pursuant to s. 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, if such leases or purchases are used in carrying on their customary nonprofit activities, unless such organizations are subject to a final disqualification order issued by the Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services pursuant to s. 496.430.
2. Exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter is tangible personal property purchased for resale by a dealer and subsequently donated to an organization determined by the Internal Revenue Service to be currently exempt from federal income tax pursuant to s. 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, unless such organization is subject to a final disqualification order issued by the Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services pursuant to s. 496.430. For the purpose of this paragraph, the term “donate” means any transfer of title or possession of tangible personal property to a s. 501(c)(3) organization for no consideration.
(q) Resource recovery equipment.—Also exempt is resource recovery equipment which is owned and operated by or on behalf of any county or municipality, certified by the Department of Environmental Protection under the provisions of s. 403.715.
(r) School books and school lunches; institution of higher learning prepaid meal plans.—This exemption applies to school books used in regularly prescribed courses of study, and to school lunches served in public, parochial, or nonprofit schools operated for and attended by pupils of grades K through 12. Yearbooks, magazines, newspapers, directories, bulletins, and similar publications distributed by such educational institutions to their students are also exempt. School books and food sold or served at a college or institution of higher learning are taxable, except that prepaid meal plans purchased for use by students currently enrolled or preparing to enroll in a college or institution of higher learning are exempt. As used in this paragraph, the term “prepaid meal plans” means payment in advance, or payment using financial aid, once disbursed, to a college or institution of higher learning, or to a management entity under contract to provide prepaid meal plans on behalf of a college or institution of higher learning, for the provision of defined quantities of dollar equivalencies or meal plans that expire at the end of an academic term and cannot be refunded to the student upon expiration. Prepaid meal plans that contain a defined number of meals or a defined number of dollar equivalencies qualify for this exemption. However, the taxability of the dollar equivalencies of the prepaid meal plans shall be determined upon the plan’s use, and tax shall be due when the dollar equivalencies are used to make a purchase if that purchase is otherwise subject to sales tax pursuant to this chapter. As used in this paragraph, the term “dollar equivalencies” includes university-specific dollars on a declining balance, such as flex bucks or dining bucks.
(s) Tasting beverages.—Vinous and alcoholic beverages provided by distributors or vendors for the purpose of “wine tasting” and “spirituous beverage tasting” as contemplated under the provisions of 12ss. 564.06 and 565.12, respectively, are exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter.
(t) Boats temporarily docked in state.—
1. Notwithstanding the provisions of chapter 328, pertaining to the registration of vessels, a boat upon which the state sales or use tax has not been paid is exempt from the use tax under this chapter if it enters and remains in this state for a period not to exceed a total of 20 days in any calendar year calculated from the date of first dockage or slippage at a facility, registered with the department, that rents dockage or slippage space in this state. If a boat brought into this state for use under this paragraph is placed in a facility, registered with the department, for repairs, alterations, refitting, or modifications and such repairs, alterations, refitting, or modifications are supported by written documentation, the 20-day period shall be tolled during the time the boat is physically in the care, custody, and control of the repair facility, including the time spent on sea trials conducted by the facility. The 20-day time period may be tolled only once within a calendar year when a boat is placed for the first time that year in the physical care, custody, and control of a registered repair facility; however, the owner may request and the department may grant an additional tolling of the 20-day period for purposes of repairs that arise from a written guarantee given by the registered repair facility, which guarantee covers only those repairs or modifications made during the first tolled period. Within 72 hours after the date upon which the registered repair facility took possession of the boat, the facility must have in its possession, on forms prescribed by the department, an affidavit which states that the boat is under its care, custody, and control and that the owner does not use the boat while in the facility. Upon completion of the repairs, alterations, refitting, or modifications, the registered repair facility must, within 72 hours after the date of release, have in its possession a copy of the release form which shows the date of release and any other information the department requires. The repair facility shall maintain a log that documents all alterations, additions, repairs, and sea trials during the time the boat is under the care, custody, and control of the facility. The affidavit shall be maintained by the registered repair facility as part of its records for as long as required by s. 213.35. When, within 6 months after the date of its purchase, a boat is brought into this state under this paragraph, the 6-month period provided in s. 212.05(1)(a)2. or s. 212.06(8) shall be tolled.
2. During the period of repairs, alterations, refitting, or modifications and during the 20-day period referred to in subparagraph 1., the boat may be listed for sale, contracted for sale, or sold exclusively by a broker or dealer registered with the department without incurring a use tax under this chapter; however, the sales tax levied under this chapter applies to such sale.
3. The mere storage of a boat at a registered repair facility does not qualify as a tax-exempt use in this state.
4. As used in this paragraph, “registered repair facility” means:
a. A full-service facility that:
(I) Is located on a navigable body of water;
(II) Has haulout capability such as a dry dock, travel lift, railway, or similar equipment to service craft under the care, custody, and control of the facility;
(III) Has adequate piers and storage facilities to provide safe berthing of vessels in its care, custody, and control; and
(IV) Has necessary shops and equipment to provide repair or warranty work on vessels under the care, custody, and control of the facility;
b. A marina that:
(I) Is located on a navigable body of water;
(II) Has adequate piers and storage facilities to provide safe berthing of vessels in its care, custody, and control; and
(III) Has necessary shops and equipment to provide repairs or warranty work on vessels; or
c. A shoreside facility that:
(I) Is located on a navigable body of water;
(II) Has adequate piers and storage facilities to provide safe berthing of vessels in its care, custody, and control; and
(III) Has necessary shops and equipment to provide repairs or warranty work.
(u) Volunteer fire departments.—Also exempt are firefighting and rescue service equipment and supplies purchased by volunteer fire departments, duly chartered under the Florida Statutes as corporations not for profit.
(v) Professional services.—
1. Also exempted are professional, insurance, or personal service transactions that involve sales as inconsequential elements for which no separate charges are made.
2. The personal service transactions exempted pursuant to subparagraph 1. do not exempt the sale of information services involving the furnishing of printed, mimeographed, or multigraphed matter, or matter duplicating written or printed matter in any other manner, other than professional services and services of employees, agents, or other persons acting in a representative or fiduciary capacity or information services furnished to newspapers and radio and television stations. As used in this subparagraph, the term “information services” includes the services of collecting, compiling, or analyzing information of any kind or nature and furnishing reports thereof to other persons.
3. This exemption does not apply to any service warranty transaction taxable under s. 212.0506.
4. This exemption does not apply to any service transaction taxable under s. 212.05(1)(i).
(w) Certain newspaper, magazine, and newsletter subscriptions, shoppers, and community newspapers.—Likewise exempt are newspaper, magazine, and newsletter subscriptions in which the product is delivered to the customer by mail. Also exempt are free, circulated publications that are published on a regular basis, the content of which is primarily advertising, and that are distributed through the mail, home delivery, or newsstands. The exemption for newspaper, magazine, and newsletter subscriptions which is provided in this paragraph applies only to subscriptions entered into after March 1, 1997.
(x) Sporting equipment brought into the state.—Sporting equipment brought into Florida, for a period of not more than 4 months in any calendar year, used by an athletic team or an individual athlete in a sporting event is exempt from the use tax if such equipment is removed from the state within 7 days after the completion of the event.
(y) Charter fishing vessels.—The charge for chartering any boat or vessel, with the crew furnished, solely for the purpose of fishing is exempt from the tax imposed under s. 212.04 or s. 212.05. This exemption does not apply to any charge to enter or stay upon any “head-boat,” party boat, or other boat or vessel. Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed to exempt any boat from sales or use tax upon the purchase thereof except as provided in paragraph (t) and s. 212.05.
(z) Vending machines sponsored by nonprofit or charitable organizations.—Also exempt are food or drinks for human consumption sold for 25 cents or less through a coin-operated vending machine sponsored by a nonprofit corporation qualified as nonprofit pursuant to s. 501(c)(3) or (4) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
(aa) Certain commercial vehicles.—Also exempt is the sale, lease, or rental of a commercial motor vehicle as defined in s. 207.002, when the following conditions are met:
1. The sale, lease, or rental occurs between two commonly owned and controlled corporations;
2. Such vehicle was titled and registered in this state at the time of the sale, lease, or rental; and
3. Florida sales tax was paid on the acquisition of such vehicle by the seller, lessor, or renter.
(bb) Community cemeteries.—Also exempt are purchases by any nonprofit corporation that has qualified under s. 501(c)(13) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and is operated for the purpose of maintaining a cemetery that was donated to the community by deed.
(cc) Works of art.—
1. Also exempt are works of art sold to or used by an educational institution.
2. This exemption also applies to the sale to or use in this state of any work of art by any person if it was purchased or imported exclusively for the purpose of being donated to any educational institution, or loaned to and made available for display by any educational institution, provided that the term of the loan agreement is for at least 10 years.
3. The exemption provided by this paragraph for donations is allowed only if the person who purchased the work of art transfers title to the donated work of art to an educational institution. Such transfer of title shall be evidenced by an affidavit meeting requirements established by rule to document entitlement to the exemption. Nothing in this paragraph shall preclude a work of art donated to an educational institution from remaining in the possession of the donor or purchaser, as long as title to the work of art lies with the educational institution.
4. A work of art is presumed to have been purchased in or imported into this state exclusively for loan as provided in subparagraph 2., if it is so loaned or placed in storage in preparation for such a loan within 90 days after purchase or importation, whichever is later; but a work of art is not deemed to be placed in storage in preparation for loan for purposes of this exemption if it is displayed at any place other than an educational institution.
5. The exemptions provided by this paragraph are allowed only if the person who purchased the work of art gives to the vendor an affidavit meeting the requirements, established by rule, to document entitlement to the exemption. The person who purchased the work of art shall forward a copy of such affidavit to the Department of Revenue at the time it is issued to the vendor.
6. The exemption for loans provided by subparagraph 2. applies only for the period during which a work of art is in the possession of the educational institution or is in storage before transfer of possession to that institution; and when it ceases to be so possessed or held, tax based upon the sales price paid by the owner is payable, and the statute of limitations provided in s. 95.091 shall begin to run at that time. However, tax shall not become due if the work of art is donated to an educational institution after the loan ceases.
7. Any educational institution to which a work of art has been donated pursuant to this paragraph shall make available to the department the title to the work of art and any other relevant information. Any educational institution which has received a work of art on loan pursuant to this paragraph shall make available to the department information relating to the work of art. Any educational institution that transfers from its possession a work of art as defined by this paragraph which has been loaned to it must notify the Department of Revenue within 60 days after the transfer.
8. For purposes of the exemptions provided by this paragraph, the term:
a. “Educational institutions” includes state tax-supported, parochial, church, and nonprofit private schools, colleges, or universities that conduct regular classes and courses of study required for accreditation by or membership in the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools, the Florida Council of Independent Schools, or the Florida Association of Christian Colleges and Schools, Inc.; nonprofit private schools that conduct regular classes and courses of study accepted for continuing education credit by a board of the Division of Medical Quality Assurance of the Department of Health; or nonprofit libraries, art galleries, performing arts centers that provide educational programs to school children, which programs involve performances or other educational activities at the performing arts center and serve a minimum of 50,000 school children a year, and museums open to the public.
b. “Work of art” includes pictorial representations, sculpture, jewelry, antiques, stamp collections and coin collections, and other tangible personal property, the value of which is attributable predominantly to its artistic, historical, political, cultural, or social importance.
(dd) Taxicab leases.—The lease of or license to use a taxicab or taxicab-related equipment and services provided by a taxicab company to an independent taxicab operator are exempt, provided, however, the exemptions provided under this paragraph only apply if sales or use tax has been paid on the acquisition of the taxicab and its related equipment.
(ee) Aircraft repair and maintenance labor charges.—All labor charges for the repair and maintenance of qualified aircraft and aircraft of more than 2,000 pounds maximum certified takeoff weight, including rotary wing aircraft, are exempt from the tax imposed under this chapter. Except as otherwise provided in this chapter, charges for parts and equipment furnished in connection with such labor charges are taxable.
(ff) Certain electricity or steam uses.—
1. Subject to the provisions of subparagraph 4., charges for electricity or steam used to operate machinery and equipment at a fixed location in this state when such machinery and equipment is used to manufacture, process, compound, produce, or prepare for shipment items of tangible personal property for sale, or to operate pollution control equipment, recycling equipment, maintenance equipment, or monitoring or control equipment used in such operations are exempt to the extent provided in this paragraph. If 75 percent or more of the electricity or steam used at the fixed location is used to operate qualifying machinery or equipment, 100 percent of the charges for electricity or steam used at the fixed location are exempt. If less than 75 percent but 50 percent or more of the electricity or steam used at the fixed location is used to operate qualifying machinery or equipment, 50 percent of the charges for electricity or steam used at the fixed location are exempt. If less than 50 percent of the electricity or steam used at the fixed location is used to operate qualifying machinery or equipment, none of the charges for electricity or steam used at the fixed location are exempt.
2. This exemption applies only to industries classified under SIC Industry Major Group Numbers 10, 12, 13, 14, 20, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, and 39 and Industry Group Number 212 and industries classified under NAICS code 423930. As used in this paragraph, “SIC” means those classifications contained in the Standard Industrial Classification Manual, 1987, as published by the Office of Management and Budget, Executive Office of the President. As used in this subparagraph, the term “NAICS” means those classifications contained in the North American Industry Classification System, as published in 2007 by the Office of Management and Budget, Executive Office of the President.
3. Possession by a seller of a written certification by the purchaser, certifying the purchaser’s entitlement to an exemption permitted by this subsection, relieves the seller from the responsibility of collecting the tax on the nontaxable amounts, and the department shall look solely to the purchaser for recovery of such tax if it determines that the purchaser was not entitled to the exemption.
4. Such exemption shall be applied as follows: beginning July 1, 2000, 100 percent of the charges for such electricity or steam shall be exempt.
(gg) Fair associations.—Also exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter is the sale, use, lease, rental, or grant of a license to use, made directly to or by a fair association, of real or tangible personal property; any charge made by a fair association, or its agents, for parking, admissions, or for temporary parking of vehicles used for sleeping quarters; rentals, subleases, and sublicenses of real or tangible personal property between the owner of the central amusement attraction and any owner of an amusement ride, as those terms are used in ss. 616.15(1)(b) and 616.242(3)(a), for the furnishing of amusement rides at a public fair or exposition; and other transactions of a fair association which are incurred directly by the fair association in the financing, construction, and operation of a fair, exposition, or other event or facility that is authorized by s. 616.08. As used in this paragraph, the terms “fair association” and “public fair or exposition” have the same meaning as those terms are defined in s. 616.001. This exemption does not apply to the sale of tangible personal property made by a fair association through an agent or independent contractor; sales of admissions and tangible personal property by a concessionaire, vendor, exhibitor, or licensee; or rentals and subleases of tangible personal property or real property between the owner of the central amusement attraction and a concessionaire, vendor, exhibitor, or licensee, except for the furnishing of amusement rides, which transactions are exempt.
(hh) Solar energy systems.—Also exempt are solar energy systems or any component thereof. The Florida Solar Energy Center shall from time to time certify to the department a list of equipment and requisite hardware considered to be a solar energy system or a component thereof.
(ii) Nonprofit cooperative hospital laundries.—Also exempt are sales or leases to nonprofit organizations that are incorporated under chapter 617 and which are treated, for federal income tax purposes, as cooperatives under subchapter T of the Internal Revenue Code, whose sole purpose is to offer laundry supplies and services to their members who must all be exempt from federal income tax pursuant to s. 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code. A member of a nonprofit cooperative hospital laundry whose Internal Revenue Code status changes shall, within 90 days after such change, divest all participation in the cooperative. The provision of laundry supplies and services to a nonmember business pursuant to a declaration of emergency under s. 252.36(2) and a written emergency plan of operation executed by the members of the cooperative does not invalidate or cause the denial of a cooperative’s certificate of exemption.
(jj) Complimentary meals.—Also exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter are food or drinks that are furnished as part of a packaged room rate by any person offering for rent or lease any transient living accommodations as described in s. 509.013(4)(a) which are licensed under part I of chapter 509 and which are subject to the tax under s. 212.03, if a separate charge or specific amount for the food or drinks is not shown. Such food or drinks are considered to be sold at retail as part of the total charge for the transient living accommodations. Moreover, the person offering the accommodations is not considered to be the consumer of items purchased in furnishing such food or drinks and may purchase those items under conditions of a sale for resale.
(kk) Nonprofit corporation conducting the correctional work programs.—Products sold pursuant to s. 946.515 by the corporation organized pursuant to part II of chapter 946 are exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter. This exemption applies retroactively to July 1, 1983.
(ll) Parent-teacher organizations, parent-teacher associations, and schools having grades K through 12.—
1. Sales or leases to parent-teacher organizations and associations the purpose of which is to raise funds for schools that teach grades K through 12 and that are associated with schools having grades K through 12 are exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter.
2. Parent-teacher organizations and associations described in subparagraph 1., and schools having grades K through 12, may pay tax to their suppliers on the cost price of school materials and supplies purchased, rented, or leased for resale or rental to students in grades K through 12, of items sold for fundraising purposes, and of items sold through vending machines located on the school premises, in lieu of collecting the tax imposed by this chapter from the purchaser. This subparagraph also applies to food or beverages sold through vending machines located in the student lunchroom or dining room of a school having kindergarten through grade 12.
3. In lieu of collecting the tax imposed by this chapter from the purchaser, school support organizations may pay tax to their suppliers on the cost price of food, drink, and supplies necessary to serve such food and drink when the food, drink, and supplies are purchased for resale. For purposes of this subparagraph, the term “school support organization” means an organization whose sole purpose is to raise funds to support extracurricular activities at public, parochial, or nonprofit schools that teach students in grades K through 12.
(mm) Mobile home lot improvements.—Items purchased by developers for use in making improvements to a mobile home lot owned by the developer may be purchased tax-exempt as a sale for resale if made pursuant to a contract that requires the developer to sell a mobile home to a purchaser, place the mobile home on the lot, and make the improvements to the lot for a single lump-sum price. The developer must collect and remit sales tax on the entire lump-sum price.
(nn) United States Department of Veterans Affairs.—When a veteran of the armed forces purchases an aircraft, boat, mobile home, motor vehicle, or other vehicle from a dealer pursuant to the provisions of 38 U.S.C. s. 3902(a), or any successor provision of the United States Code, the amount that is paid directly to the dealer by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs is not taxable. However, any portion of the purchase price which is paid directly to the dealer by the veteran is taxable.
(oo) Complimentary items.—There is exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter:
1. Any food or drink, whether or not cooked or prepared on the premises, provided without charge as a sample or for the convenience of customers by a dealer that primarily sells food product items at retail.
2. Any item given to a customer as part of a price guarantee plan related to point-of-sale errors by a dealer that primarily sells food products at retail.
The exemptions in this paragraph do not apply to businesses with the primary activity of serving prepared meals or alcoholic beverages for immediate consumption.
(pp) Donated foods or beverages.—Any food or beverage donated by a dealer that sells food products at retail to a food bank or an organization that holds a current exemption from federal corporate income tax pursuant to s. 501(c) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, is exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter.
(qq) Racing dogs.—The sale of a racing dog by its owner is exempt if the owner is also the breeder of the animal.
(rr) Equipment used in aircraft repair and maintenance.—Replacement engines, parts, and equipment used in the repair or maintenance of qualified aircraft and aircraft of more than 2,000 pounds maximum certified takeoff weight, including rotary wing aircraft, are exempt from the tax imposed under this chapter if such parts or equipment are installed on such aircraft that is being repaired or maintained in this state.
(ss) Aircraft sales or leases.—The sale or lease of a qualified aircraft or an aircraft of more than 15,000 pounds maximum certified takeoff weight for use by a common carrier is exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter. As used in this paragraph, “common carrier” means an airline operating under Federal Aviation Administration regulations contained in Title 14, chapter I, part 121 or part 129 of the Code of Federal Regulations.
(tt) Nonprofit water systems.—Sales or leases to a not-for-profit corporation which holds a current exemption from federal income tax under s. 501(c)(4) or (12) of the Internal Revenue Code, as amended, are exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter if the sole or primary function of the corporation is to construct, maintain, or operate a water system in this state.
(uu) Library cooperatives.—Sales or leases to library cooperatives certified under s. 257.41(2) are exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter.
(vv) Advertising agencies.—
1. As used in this paragraph, the term “advertising agency” means any firm that is primarily engaged in the business of providing advertising materials and services to its clients.
2. The sale of advertising services by an advertising agency to a client is exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter. Also exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter are items of tangible personal property such as photographic negatives and positives, videos, films, galleys, mechanicals, veloxes, illustrations, digital audiotapes, analog tapes, printed advertisement copies, compact discs for the purpose of recording, digital equipment, and artwork and the services used to produce those items if the items are:
a. Sold to an advertising agency that is acting as an agent for its clients pursuant to contract, and are created for the performance of advertising services for the clients;
b. Produced, fabricated, manufactured, or otherwise created by an advertising agency for its clients, and are used in the performance of advertising services for the clients; or
c. Sold by an advertising agency to its clients in the performance of advertising services for the clients, whether or not the charges for these items are marked up or separately stated.
The exemption provided by this subparagraph does not apply when tangible personal property such as film, paper, and videotapes is purchased to create items such as photographic negatives and positives, videos, films, galleys, mechanicals, veloxes, illustrations, and artwork that are sold to an advertising agency or produced in-house by an advertising agency on behalf of its clients.
3. The items exempted from tax under subparagraph 2. and the creative services used by an advertising agency to design the advertising for promotional goods such as displays, display containers, exhibits, newspaper inserts, brochures, catalogs, direct mail letters or flats, shirts, hats, pens, pencils, key chains, or other printed goods or materials are not subject to tax. However, when such promotional goods are produced or reproduced for distribution, tax applies to the sales price charged to the client for such promotional goods.
4. For items purchased by an advertising agency and exempt from tax under this paragraph, possession of an exemption certificate from the advertising agency certifying the agency’s entitlement to exemption relieves the vendor of the responsibility of collecting the tax on the sale of such items to the advertising agency, and the department shall look solely to the advertising agency for recovery of tax if it determines that the advertising agency was not entitled to the exemption.
5. The exemptions provided by this paragraph apply retroactively, except that all taxes that have been collected must be remitted, and taxes that have been remitted before July 1, 1999, on transactions that are subject to exemption under this paragraph are not subject to refund.
6. The department may adopt rules that interpret or define the provisions of these exemptions and provide examples regarding the application of these exemptions.
(ww) Bullion.—The sale of gold, silver, or platinum bullion, or any combination thereof, in a single transaction is exempt if the sales price exceeds $500. The dealer must maintain proper documentation, as prescribed by rule of the department, to identify that portion of a transaction which involves the sale of gold, silver, or platinum bullion and is exempt under this paragraph.
(xx) Certain repair and labor charges.—
1. Subject to the provisions of subparagraphs 2. and 3., there is exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter all labor charges for the repair of, and parts and materials used in the repair of and incorporated into, industrial machinery and equipment which is used for the manufacture, processing, compounding, production, or preparation for shipping of items of tangible personal property at a fixed location within this state.
2. This exemption applies only to industries classified under SIC Industry Major Group Numbers 10, 12, 13, 14, 20, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, and 39 and Industry Group Number 212. As used in this subparagraph, “SIC” means those classifications contained in the Standard Industrial Classification Manual, 1987, as published by the Office of Management and Budget, Executive Office of the President.
3. This exemption shall be applied as follows:
a. Beginning July 1, 2000, 50 percent of such charges for repair parts and labor shall be exempt.
b. Beginning July 1, 2001, 75 percent of such charges for repair parts and labor shall be exempt.
c. Beginning July 1, 2002, 100 percent of such charges for repair parts and labor shall be exempt.
(yy) Film and other printing supplies.—Also exempt are the following materials purchased, produced, or created by businesses classified under SIC Industry Numbers 275, 276, 277, 278, or 279 for use in producing graphic matter for sale: film, photographic paper, dyes used for embossing and engraving, artwork, typography, lithographic plates, and negatives. As used in this paragraph, “SIC” means those classifications contained in the Standard Industrial Classification Manual, 1987, as published by the Office of Management and Budget, Executive Office of the President.
(zz) People-mover systems.—People-mover systems, and parts thereof, which are purchased or manufactured by contractors employed either directly by or as agents for the United States Government, the state, a county, a municipality, a political subdivision of the state, or the public operator of a public-use airport as defined by s. 332.004(14) are exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter when the systems or parts go into or become part of publicly owned facilities. In the case of contractors who manufacture and install such systems and parts, this exemption extends to the purchase of component parts and all other manufacturing and fabrication costs. The department may provide a form to be used by contractors to provide to suppliers of people-mover systems or parts to certify the contractors’ eligibility for the exemption provided under this paragraph. As used in this paragraph, “people-mover systems” includes wheeled passenger vehicles and related control and power distribution systems that are part of a transportation system for use by the general public, regardless of whether such vehicles are operator-controlled or driverless, self-propelled or propelled by external power and control systems, or conducted on roads, rails, guidebeams, or other permanent structures that are an integral part of such transportation system. “Related control and power distribution systems” includes any electrical or electronic control or signaling equipment, but does not include the embedded wiring, conduits, or cabling used to transmit electrical or electronic signals among such control equipment, power distribution equipment, signaling equipment, and wheeled vehicles.
(aaa) Florida Fire and Emergency Services Foundation.—Sales or leases to the Florida Fire and Emergency Services Foundation are exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter.
(bbb) Railroad roadway materials.—Also exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter are railroad roadway materials used in the construction, repair, or maintenance of railways. Railroad roadway materials shall include rails, ties, ballasts, communication equipment, signal equipment, power transmission equipment, and any other track materials.
(ccc) Advertising materials distributed free of charge by mail in an envelope.—Likewise exempt are materials consisting exclusively of advertisements, such as individual coupons or other individual cards, sheets, or pages of printed advertising, that are distributed free of charge by mail in an envelope for 10 or more persons on a monthly, bimonthly, or other regular basis.
(ddd) Certain delivery charges.—Separately stated charges that can be avoided at the option of the purchaser for the delivery, inspection, placement, or removal from packaging or shipping materials of furniture or appliances by the selling dealer at the premises of the purchaser or the removal of similar items from the premises of the purchaser are exempt. If any charge for delivery, inspection, placement, or removal of furniture or appliances includes the modification, assembly, or construction of such furniture or appliances, then all of the charges are taxable.
(eee) Bookstore operations at a postsecondary educational institution.—Also exempt from payment of the tax imposed by this chapter on renting, leasing, letting, or granting a license for the use of any real property are payments to a postsecondary educational institution made by any person pursuant to a grant of the right to conduct bookstore operations on real property owned or leased by the postsecondary educational institution. As used in this paragraph, the term “bookstore operations” means activities consisting predominantly of sales, distribution, and provision of textbooks, merchandise, and services traditionally offered in college and university bookstores for the benefit of the institution’s students, faculty, and staff.
(fff) Aircraft temporarily in the state.—
1. An aircraft owned by a nonresident is exempt from the use tax imposed under this chapter if the aircraft enters and remains in this state for less than a total of 21 days during the 6-month period after the date of purchase. The temporary use of the aircraft and subsequent removal from this state may be proven by invoices for fuel, tie-down, or hangar charges issued by out-of-state vendors or suppliers or similar documentation that clearly and specifically identifies the aircraft. The exemption provided in this subparagraph is in addition to the exemptions provided in subparagraph 2. and s. 212.05(1)(a).
2. An aircraft owned by a nonresident is exempt from the use tax imposed under this chapter if the aircraft enters or remains in this state exclusively for purposes of flight training, repairs, alterations, refitting, or modification. Such purposes shall be supported by written documentation issued by in-state vendors or suppliers which clearly and specifically identifies the aircraft. The exemption provided in this subparagraph is in addition to the exemptions provided in subparagraph 1. and s. 212.05(1)(a).
(ggg) Fractional aircraft ownership programs.—The sale or use of aircraft primarily used in a fractional aircraft ownership program or of any parts or labor used in the completion, maintenance, repair, or overhaul of such aircraft is exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter. The exemption is not allowed unless the program manager of the fractional aircraft ownership program furnishes the dealer with a certificate stating that the lease, purchase, repair, or maintenance is for aircraft primarily used in a fractional aircraft ownership program and that the program manager qualifies for the exemption. If a program manager makes tax-exempt purchases on a continual basis, the program manager may allow the dealer to keep the certificate on file. The program manager must inform a dealer that keeps the certificate on file if the program manager no longer qualifies for the exemption. The department may adopt rules to administer this paragraph, including rules determining the format of the certificate.
(hhh) Items used in manufacturing and fabricating aircraft and gas turbine engines.—Chemicals, machinery, parts, and equipment used and consumed in the manufacture or fabrication of aircraft engines and gas turbine engines, including cores, electrical discharge machining supplies, brass electrodes, ceramic guides, reamers, grinding and deburring wheels, Norton vortex wheels, argon, nitrogen, helium, fluid abrasive cutters, solvents and soaps, borescopes, penetrants, patterns, dies, and molds consumed in the production of castings are exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter.
(iii) Accessible taxicabs.—The sale or lease of accessible taxicabs is exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter. As used in this paragraph, the term “accessible taxicab” means a chauffeur-driven taxi, limousine, sedan, van, or other passenger vehicle for which an operator is hired to use for the transportation of persons for compensation; which transports eight passengers or fewer; is equipped with a lift or ramp designed specifically to transport physically disabled persons or contains any other device designed to permit access to, and enable the transportation of, physically disabled persons, including persons who use wheelchairs, motorized wheelchairs, or similar mobility aids; which complies with the accessibility requirements of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, 49 C.F.R. ss. 38.23, 38.25, and 38.31, as amended, regardless of whether such requirements would apply under federal law; and meets all applicable federal motor vehicle safety standards and regulations adopted thereunder. If the lift or ramp or any other device is installed through an aftermarket conversion of a stock vehicle, only the value of the conversion is exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter.
(jjj) Certain machinery and equipment.—
1. Industrial machinery and equipment purchased by eligible manufacturing businesses which is used at a fixed location in this state for the manufacture, processing, compounding, or production of items of tangible personal property for sale is exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter. If, at the time of purchase, the purchaser furnishes the seller with a signed certificate certifying the purchaser’s entitlement to exemption pursuant to this paragraph, the seller is not required to collect the tax on the sale of such items, and the department shall look solely to the purchaser for recovery of the tax if it determines that the purchaser was not entitled to the exemption.
2. For purposes of this paragraph, the term:
a. “Eligible manufacturing business” means any business whose primary business activity at the location where the industrial machinery and equipment is located is within the industries classified under NAICS codes 31, 32, 33, 112511, and 423930.
b. “Eligible postharvest activity business” means a business whose primary business activity, at the location where the postharvest machinery and equipment is located, is within the industries classified under NAICS code 115114.
c. “NAICS” means those classifications contained in the North American Industry Classification System, as published in 2007 by the Office of Management and Budget, Executive Office of the President.
d. “Primary business activity” means an activity representing more than 50 percent of the activities conducted at the location where the industrial machinery and equipment or postharvest machinery and equipment is located.
e. “Industrial machinery and equipment” means tangible personal property or other property that has a depreciable life of 3 years or more and that is used as an integral part in the manufacturing, processing, compounding, or production of tangible personal property for sale. The term includes tangible personal property or other property that has a depreciable life of 3 years or more which is used as an integral part in the recycling of metals for sale. A building and its structural components are not industrial machinery and equipment unless the building or structural component is so closely related to the industrial machinery and equipment that it houses or supports that the building or structural component can be expected to be replaced when the machinery and equipment are replaced. Heating and air-conditioning systems are not industrial machinery and equipment unless the sole justification for their installation is to meet the requirements of the production process, even though the system may provide incidental comfort to employees or serve, to an insubstantial degree, nonproduction activities. The term includes parts and accessories for industrial machinery and equipment only to the extent that the parts and accessories are purchased before the date the machinery and equipment are placed in service.
f. “Postharvest activities” means services performed on crops, after their harvest, with the intent of preparing them for market or further processing. Postharvest activities include, but are not limited to, crop cleaning, sun drying, shelling, fumigating, curing, sorting, grading, packing, and cooling.
g. “Postharvest machinery and equipment” means tangible personal property or other property with a depreciable life of 3 years or more which is used primarily for postharvest activities. A building and its structural components are not postharvest industrial machinery and equipment unless the building or structural component is so closely related to the postharvest machinery and equipment that it houses or supports that the building or structural component can be expected to be replaced when the postharvest machinery and equipment is replaced. Heating and air-conditioning systems are not postharvest machinery and equipment unless the sole justification for their installation is to meet the requirements of the postharvest activities process, even though the system may provide incidental comfort to employees or serve, to an insubstantial degree, nonpostharvest activities.
3. Postharvest machinery and equipment purchased by an eligible postharvest activity business which is used at a fixed location in this state is exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter. All labor charges for the repair of, and parts and materials used in the repair of and incorporated into, such postharvest machinery and equipment are also exempt. If, at the time of purchase, the purchaser furnishes the seller with a signed certificate certifying the purchaser’s entitlement to exemption pursuant to this subparagraph, the seller is not required to collect the tax on the sale of such items, and the department shall look solely to the purchaser for recovery of the tax if it determines that the purchaser was not entitled to the exemption.
(kkk) Motor vehicle child restraint.—The sale of a child restraint system or booster seat for use in a motor vehicle is exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter.
(lll) Youth bicycle helmets.—The sale of a bicycle helmet marketed for use by youth is exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter.
(mmm) Importation of motor vehicles; active United States Armed Forces members.—The importation of a motor vehicle purchased and used for 6 months or more in a foreign country by an active member of the United States Armed Forces or his or her spouse is also exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter when the vehicle is imported, registered, or titled in this state for personal use by the member or his or her spouse. Proof of the active status of the member, and, when applicable, proof of the spouse’s relationship to the member, must be provided when the vehicle is titled and registered in this state.
(nnn) Products used to absorb menstrual flow.—Products used to absorb menstrual flow are exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter. As used in this paragraph, the term “products used to absorb menstrual flow” means products used to absorb or contain menstrual flow, including, but not limited to, tampons, sanitary napkins, pantiliners, and menstrual cups.
(ooo) Recycling roll off containers.—Recycling roll off containers purchased by a business whose primary business activity is within the industry classified under NAICS code 423930 and which are used exclusively for business activities within the industry classified under NAICS code 423930 are exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter. As used in this paragraph, the term “NAICS” means those classifications contained in the North American Industry Classification System, as published in 2007 by the Office of Management and Budget, Executive Office of the President.
2(ppp) Green hydrogen.—
1. As used this paragraph, the term:
a. “Green hydrogen” means hydrogen created using biomass or an electrolytic process powered from renewable energy sources, including solar energy, wind energy, biomass, and geothermal energy. The term also includes hydrogen created using the pyrolytic decomposition of methane gas.
b. “Primarily used” means a use of at least 50 percent.
2. The following are exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter:
a. The purchase of machinery and equipment primarily used in the production, storage, transportation, compression, or blending of green hydrogen. The machinery and equipment must be used at a fixed location.
b. The purchase of machinery and equipment primarily used in the production, storage, transportation, compression, or blending of ammonia derived from green hydrogen, if the ammonia will be converted back to green hydrogen before its use or sale. The machinery and equipment must be used at a fixed location.
c. The purchase of machinery and equipment that are necessary to produce electrical energy resulting from the electrochemical reaction of green hydrogen and oxygen in a fuel cell. The electrical energy must be primarily used in manufacturing, processing, compounding, or producing for sale items of tangible personal property in this state. The machinery and equipment must be used at a fixed location.
3. Purchasers of machinery and equipment qualifying for the exemption provided in this paragraph shall furnish the vendor with an affidavit stating that the item or items to be exempted are for the use designated herein. Purchasers with self-accrual authority pursuant to s. 212.183 are not required to provide this affidavit but shall maintain all documentation necessary to prove the exempt status of purchases.
4. A person furnishing a false affidavit to the vendor for the purpose of evading payment of any tax imposed under this chapter shall be subject to the penalty set forth in s. 212.085 and as otherwise provided by law.
5. The department may adopt rules to implement the exemptions in this paragraph.
11(qqq) Baby and toddler products.—Also exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter are:
1. Baby cribs, including baby playpens and baby play yards;
2. Baby strollers;
3. Baby safety gates;
4. Baby monitors;
5. Child safety cabinet locks and latches and electrical socket covers;
6. Bicycle child carrier seats and trailers designed for carrying young children, including any adapters and accessories for these seats and trailers;
7. Baby exercisers, jumpers, bouncer seats, and swings;
8. Breast pumps, bottle sterilizers, baby bottles and nipples, pacifiers, and teething rings;
9. Baby wipes;
10. Changing tables and changing pads;
11. Children’s diapers, including single-use diapers, reusable diapers, and reusable diaper inserts; and
12. Baby and toddler clothing, apparel, and shoes, primarily intended for and marketed for children age 5 or younger. Baby and toddler clothing size 5T and smaller and baby and toddler shoes size 13T and smaller are presumed to be primarily intended for and marketed for children age 5 or younger.
11(rrr) Diapers and incontinence products.—The sale for human use of diapers, incontinence undergarments, incontinence pads, or incontinence liners is exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter.
11(sss) Oral hygiene products.—
1. Also exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter are oral hygiene products.
2. As used in this paragraph, the term “oral hygiene products” means electric and manual toothbrushes, toothpaste, dental floss, dental picks, oral irrigators, and mouthwash.
11(ttt) Firearm safety devices.—The sale of the following are exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter:
1. A firearm safe, firearm lockbox, firearm case, or other device that is designed to be used to store a firearm and that is designed to be unlocked only by means of a key, a combination, or other similar means.
2. A firearm trigger lock or firearm cable lock that, when installed on a firearm, is designed to prevent the firearm from being operated without first deactivating the device and that is designed to be unlocked only by means of a key, a combination, or other similar means.
11(uuu) Small private investigative agencies.—
1. As used in this paragraph, the term:
a. “Private investigation services” has the same meaning as “private investigation,” as defined in s. 493.6101(17).
b. “Small private investigative agency” means a private investigator licensed under s. 493.6201 which:
(I) Employs three or fewer full-time or part-time employees, including those performing services pursuant to an employee leasing arrangement as defined in s. 468.520(4), in total; and
(II) During the previous calendar year, performed private investigation services otherwise taxable under this chapter in which the charges for the services performed were less than $150,000 for all its businesses related through common ownership.
2. The sale of private investigation services by a small private investigative agency to a client is exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter.
3. The exemption provided by this paragraph may not apply in the first calendar year a small private investigative agency conducts sales of private investigation services taxable under this chapter.
(8) PARTIAL EXEMPTIONS; VESSELS ENGAGED IN INTERSTATE OR FOREIGN COMMERCE.—
(a) The sale or use of vessels and parts thereof used to transport persons or property in interstate or foreign commerce, including commercial fishing vessels, is subject to the taxes imposed in this chapter only to the extent provided herein. The basis of the tax shall be the ratio of intrastate mileage to interstate or foreign mileage traveled by the carrier’s vessels which were used in interstate or foreign commerce and which had at least some Florida mileage during the previous fiscal year. The ratio would be determined at the close of the carrier’s fiscal year. However, during the fiscal year in which the vessel begins its initial operations in this state, the vessel’s mileage apportionment factor may be determined on the basis of an estimated ratio of anticipated miles in this state to anticipated total miles for that year and, subsequently, additional tax shall be paid on the vessel, or a refund may be applied for, on the basis of the actual ratio of the vessel’s miles in this state to its total miles for that year. This ratio shall be applied each month to the total Florida purchases of such vessels and parts thereof which are used in Florida to establish that portion of the total used and consumed in intrastate movement and subject to the tax at the applicable rate. The basis for imposition of any discretionary surtax shall be as set forth in s. 212.054. Items, appropriate to carry out the purposes for which a vessel is designed or equipped and used, purchased by the owner, operator, or agent of a vessel for use on board such vessel shall be deemed to be parts of the vessel upon which the same are used or consumed. Vessels and parts thereof used to transport persons or property in interstate and foreign commerce are hereby determined to be susceptible to a distinct and separate classification for taxation under the provisions of this chapter. Vessels and parts thereof used exclusively in intrastate commerce do not qualify for the proration of tax.
(b) The partial exemption provided for in this subsection shall not be allowed unless the purchaser signs an affidavit stating that the item or items to be partially exempted are for the exclusive use designated herein and setting forth the extent of such partial exemption. Any person furnishing a false affidavit to such effect for the purpose of evading payment of any tax imposed under this chapter is subject to the penalties set forth in s. 212.12 and as otherwise provided by law.
(c) It is the intent of the Legislature that neither subsection (4) nor this subsection shall be construed as imposing the tax provided by this chapter on vessels used as common carriers, contract carriers, or private carriers, engaged in interstate or foreign commerce, except to the extent provided by the pro rata formula provided in subsection (4) and in paragraph (a).
(9) PARTIAL EXEMPTIONS; RAILROADS AND MOTOR VEHICLES ENGAGED IN INTERSTATE OR FOREIGN COMMERCE.—
(a) Railroads that are licensed as common carriers by the Surface Transportation Board and parts thereof used to transport persons or property in interstate or foreign commerce are subject to tax imposed in this chapter only to the extent provided herein. The basis of the tax shall be the ratio of intrastate mileage to interstate or foreign mileage traveled by the carrier during the previous fiscal year of the carrier. Such ratio is to be determined at the close of the carrier’s fiscal year. However, during the fiscal year in which the railroad begins its initial operations in this state, the railroad’s mileage apportionment factor may be determined on the basis of an estimated ratio of anticipated miles in this state to anticipated total miles for that year and, subsequently, additional tax shall be paid on the railroad, or a refund may be applied for, on the basis of the actual ratio of the railroad’s miles in this state to its total miles for that year. This ratio shall be applied each month to the purchases of the railroad in this state which are used in this state to establish that portion of the total used and consumed in intrastate movement and subject to tax under this chapter. The basis for imposition of any discretionary surtax is set forth in s. 212.054. Railroads that are licensed as common carriers by the Surface Transportation Board and parts thereof used to transport persons or property in interstate and foreign commerce are hereby determined to be susceptible to a distinct and separate classification for taxation under the provisions of this chapter.
(b) Motor vehicles that are engaged in interstate commerce as common carriers, and parts thereof, used to transport persons or property in interstate or foreign commerce are subject to tax imposed in this chapter only to the extent provided herein. The basis of the tax shall be the ratio of intrastate mileage to interstate or foreign mileage traveled by the carrier’s motor vehicles which were used in interstate or foreign commerce and which had at least some Florida mileage during the previous fiscal year of the carrier. Such ratio is to be determined at the close of the carrier’s fiscal year. However, during the fiscal year in which the carrier begins its initial operations in this state, the carrier’s mileage apportionment factor may be determined on the basis of an estimated ratio of anticipated miles in this state to anticipated total miles for that year and, subsequently, additional tax shall be paid on the carrier, or a refund may be applied for, on the basis of the actual ratio of the carrier’s miles in this state to its total miles for that year. This ratio shall be applied each month to the purchases in this state of such motor vehicles and parts thereof which are used in this state to establish that portion of the total used and consumed in intrastate movement and subject to tax under this chapter. The basis for imposition of any discretionary surtax is set forth in s. 212.054. Motor vehicles that are engaged in interstate commerce, and parts thereof, used to transport persons or property in interstate and foreign commerce are hereby determined to be susceptible to a distinct and separate classification for taxation under the provisions of this chapter. Motor vehicles and parts thereof used exclusively in intrastate commerce do not qualify for the proration of tax. For purposes of this paragraph, parts of a motor vehicle engaged in interstate commerce include a separate tank not connected to the fuel supply system of the motor vehicle into which diesel fuel is placed to operate a refrigeration unit or other equipment.
(10) PARTIAL EXEMPTION; MOTOR VEHICLE SOLD TO RESIDENT OF ANOTHER STATE.—
(a) The tax collected on the sale of a new or used motor vehicle in this state to a resident of another state shall be an amount equal to the sales tax which would be imposed on such sale under the laws of the state of which the purchaser is a resident, except that such tax shall not exceed the tax that would otherwise be imposed under this chapter. At the time of the sale, the purchaser shall execute a notarized statement of his or her intent to license the vehicle in the state of which the purchaser is a resident within 45 days of the sale and of the fact of the payment to the State of Florida of a sales tax in an amount equivalent to the sales tax of his or her state of residence and shall submit the statement to the appropriate sales tax collection agency in his or her state of residence. Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to require the removal of the vehicle from this state following the filing of an intent to license the vehicle in the purchaser’s home state if the purchaser licenses the vehicle in his or her home state within 45 days after the date of sale.
(b) Notwithstanding the partial exemption allowed in paragraph (a), a vehicle is subject to this state’s sales tax at the applicable state sales tax rate plus authorized surtaxes when the vehicle is purchased by a nonresident corporation or partnership and:
1. An officer of the corporation is a resident of this state;
2. A stockholder of the corporation who owns at least 10 percent of the corporation is a resident of this state; or
3. A partner in the partnership who has at least 10 percent ownership is a resident of this state.
However, if the vehicle is removed from this state within 45 days after purchase and remains outside the state for a minimum of 180 days, the vehicle may qualify for the partial exemption allowed in paragraph (a) despite the residency of owners or stockholders of the purchasing entity.
(c) Nothing herein shall require the payment of tax to the State of Florida for assessments made prior to July 1, 2001, if the tax imposed by this section has been paid to the state in which the vehicle was licensed and the department has assessed a like amount of tax on the same transactions. This provision shall apply retroactively to assessments that have been protested prior to August 1, 1999, and have not been paid on the date this act takes effect.
(11) PARTIAL EXEMPTION; FLYABLE AIRCRAFT.—
(a) The tax imposed on the sale by a manufacturer of flyable aircraft, who designs such aircraft, which sale may include necessary equipment and modifications placed on such flyable aircraft prior to delivery by the manufacturer, shall be an amount equal to the sales tax which would be imposed on such sale under the laws of the state in which the aircraft will be domiciled.
(b) This partial exemption applies only if the purchaser is a resident of another state who will not use the aircraft in this state, or if the purchaser is a resident of another state and uses the aircraft in interstate or foreign commerce, or if the purchaser is a resident of a foreign country.
(c) The maximum tax collectible under this subsection may not exceed 6 percent of the sales price of such aircraft. No Florida tax may be imposed on the sale of such aircraft if the state in which the aircraft will be domiciled does not allow Florida sales or use tax to be credited against its sales or use tax. Furthermore, no tax may be imposed on the sale of such aircraft if the state in which the aircraft will be domiciled has enacted a sales and use tax exemption for flyable aircraft or if the aircraft will be domiciled outside the United States.
(d) The purchaser shall execute a sworn affidavit attesting that he or she is not a resident of this state and stating where the aircraft will be domiciled. If the aircraft is subsequently used in this state within 6 months of the time of purchase, in violation of the intent of this subsection, the purchaser shall be liable for payment of the full use tax imposed by this chapter and shall be subject to the penalty imposed by s. 212.12(2), which penalty shall be mandatory. Notwithstanding the provisions of this paragraph, the owner of an aircraft purchased pursuant to this subsection may permit the aircraft to be returned to this state for repairs within 6 months after the date of sale without the aircraft being in violation of the law and without incurring liability for payment of tax or penalty on the purchase price of the aircraft, so long as the aircraft is removed from this state within 20 days after the completion of the repairs and such removal can be proven by invoices for fuel, tie-down, or hangar charges issued by out-of-state vendors or suppliers or similar documentation.
(12) PARTIAL EXEMPTION; MASTER TAPES, RECORDS, FILMS, OR VIDEO TAPES.—
(a) There are exempt from the taxes imposed by this chapter the gross receipts from the sale or lease of, and the storage, use, or other consumption in this state of, master tapes or master records embodying sound, or master films or master video tapes; except that amounts paid to recording studios or motion picture or television studios for the tangible elements of such master tapes, records, films, or video tapes are taxable as otherwise provided in this chapter. This exemption will inure to the taxpayer upon presentation of the certificate of exemption issued to the taxpayer under the provisions of s. 288.1258.
(b) For the purposes of this subsection, the term:
1. “Amounts paid for the tangible elements” does not include any amounts paid for the copyrightable, artistic, or other intangible elements of such master tapes, records, films, or video tapes, whether designated as royalties or otherwise, including, but not limited to, services rendered in producing, fabricating, processing, or imprinting tangible personal property or any other services or production expenses in connection therewith which may otherwise be construed as constituting a “sale” under s. 212.02.
2. “Master films or master video tapes” means films or video tapes utilized by the motion picture and television production industries in making visual images for reproduction.
3. “Master tapes or master records embodying sound” means tapes, records, and other devices utilized by the recording industry in making recordings embodying sound.
4. “Motion picture or television studio” means a facility in which film or video tape productions or parts of productions are made and which contains the necessary equipment and personnel for this purpose and includes a mobile unit or vehicle that is equipped in much the same manner as a stationary studio and used in the making of film or video tape productions.
5. “Recording studio” means a place where, by means of mechanical or electronic devices, voices, music, or other sounds are transmitted to tapes, records, or other devices capable of reproducing sound.
6. “Recording industry” means any person engaged in an occupation or business of making recordings embodying sound for a livelihood or for a profit.
7. “Motion picture or television production industry” means any person engaged in an occupation or business for a livelihood or for profit of making visual motion picture or television visual images for showing on screen or television for theatrical, commercial, advertising, or educational purposes.
(13) No transactions shall be exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter except those expressly exempted herein. All laws granting tax exemptions, to the extent they may be inconsistent or in conflict with this chapter, including, but not limited to, the following designated laws, shall yield to and be superseded by the provisions of this subsection: ss. 125.019, 153.76, 154.2331, 159.15, 159.31, 159.50, 159.708, 163.385, 163.395, 215.76, 243.33, 315.11, 348.65, 348.762, 349.13, 403.1834, 616.07, and 623.09, and the following Laws of Florida, acts of the year indicated: s. 31, chapter 30843, 1955; s. 19, chapter 30845, 1955; s. 12, chapter 30927, 1955; s. 8, chapter 31179, 1955; s. 15, chapter 31263, 1955; s. 13, chapter 31343, 1955; s. 16, chapter 59-1653; s. 13, chapter 59-1356; s. 12, chapter 61-2261; s. 19, chapter 61-2754; s. 10, chapter 61-2686; s. 11, chapter 63-1643; s. 11, chapter 65-1274; s. 16, chapter 67-1446; and s. 10, chapter 67-1681. This subsection does not supersede the authority of a local government to adopt financial and local government incentives pursuant to s. 163.2517.
(14) TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE ADVISORY COMMITTEE.—The department shall establish a technical assistance advisory committee with public and private sector members, including representatives of both manufacturers and retailers, to advise the Department of Revenue and the 13Department of Health in determining the taxability of specific products and product lines pursuant to subsection (1) and paragraph (2)(a). In determining taxability and in preparing a list of specific products and product lines that are or are not taxable, the committee shall not be subject to the provisions of chapter 120. Private sector members shall not be compensated for serving on the committee.
(15) ELECTRICAL ENERGY USED IN AN ENTERPRISE ZONE.—
(a) Beginning July 1, 1995, charges for electrical energy used by a qualified business at a fixed location in an enterprise zone in a municipality which has enacted an ordinance pursuant to s. 166.231(8) which provides for exemption of municipal utility taxes on such businesses or in an enterprise zone jointly authorized by a county and a municipality which has enacted an ordinance pursuant to s. 166.231(8) which provides for exemption of municipal utility taxes on such businesses shall receive an exemption equal to 50 percent of the tax imposed by this chapter, or, if no less than 20 percent of the employees of the business are residents of an enterprise zone, excluding temporary and part-time employees, the exemption shall be equal to 100 percent of the tax imposed by this chapter. A qualified business may receive such exemption for a period of 5 years from the billing period beginning not more than 30 days following notification to the applicable utility company by the department that an exemption has been authorized pursuant to this subsection and s. 166.231(8).
(b) To receive this exemption, a business must file an application, with the enterprise zone development agency having jurisdiction over the enterprise zone where the business is located, on a form provided by the department for the purposes of this subsection and s. 166.231(8). The application shall be made under oath and shall include:
1. The name and location of the business.
2. The identifying number assigned pursuant to s. 290.0065 to the enterprise zone in which the business is located.
3. The date on which electrical service is to be first initiated to the business.
4. The name and mailing address of the entity from which electrical energy is to be purchased.
5. The date of the application.
6. The name of the city in which the business is located.
7. If applicable, the name and address of each permanent employee of the business including, for each employee who is a resident of an enterprise zone, the identifying number assigned pursuant to s. 290.0065 to the enterprise zone in which the employee resides.
8. Whether the business is a small business as defined by s. 288.703.
(c) Within 10 working days after receipt of an application, the enterprise zone development agency shall review the application to determine if it contains all information required pursuant to paragraph (b) and meets the criteria set out in this subsection. The agency shall certify all applications that contain the information required pursuant to paragraph (b) and meet the criteria set out in this subsection as eligible to receive an exemption. If applicable, the agency shall also certify if 20 percent of the employees of the business are residents of an enterprise zone, excluding temporary and part-time employees. The certification shall be in writing, and a copy of the certification shall be transmitted to the executive director of the Department of Revenue. The applicant shall be responsible for forwarding a certified application to the department within 6 months after the occurrence of the appropriate qualifying provision set out in paragraph (f).
(d) If, in a subsequent audit conducted by the department, it is determined that the business did not meet the criteria mandated in this subsection, the amount of taxes exempted shall immediately be due and payable to the department by the business, together with the appropriate interest and penalty, computed from the due date of each bill for the electrical energy purchased as exempt under this subsection, in the manner prescribed by this chapter.
(e) The department shall adopt rules governing applications for, issuance of, and the form of applications for the exemption authorized in this subsection and provisions for recapture of taxes exempted under this subsection, and the department may establish guidelines as to qualifications for exemption.
(f) For the purpose of the exemption provided in this subsection, the term “qualified business” means a business which is:
1. First occupying a new structure to which electrical service, other than that used for construction purposes, has not been previously provided or furnished;
2. Newly occupying an existing, remodeled, renovated, or rehabilitated structure to which electrical service, other than that used for remodeling, renovation, or rehabilitation of the structure, has not been provided or furnished in the three preceding billing periods; or
3. Occupying a new, remodeled, rebuilt, renovated, or rehabilitated structure for which a refund has been granted pursuant to paragraph (5)(g).
(g) This subsection expires on the date specified in s. 290.016 for the expiration of the Florida Enterprise Zone Act, except that:
1. Paragraph (d) shall not expire; and
2. Any qualified business which has been granted an exemption under this subsection prior to that date shall be allowed the full benefit of this exemption as if this subsection had not expired on that date.
(16) EXEMPTIONS; SPACE ACTIVITIES.—
(a) There shall be exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter:
1. The sale, lease, use, storage, consumption, or distribution in this state of any orbital space facility, space propulsion system, or space vehicle, satellite, or station of any kind possessing space flight capacity, including the components thereof.
2. The sale, lease, use, storage, consumption, or distribution in this state of tangible personal property placed on or used aboard any orbital space facility, space propulsion system, or space vehicle, satellite, or station of any kind, irrespective of whether such tangible personal property is returned to this state for subsequent use, storage, or consumption in any manner. This exemption is not affected by the failure of a launch to occur, or the destruction of a launch vehicle or any components thereof.
(b) This subsection shall be strictly construed and enforced.
(17) EXEMPTIONS; CERTAIN GOVERNMENT CONTRACTORS.—
(a) Subject to paragraph (d), the tax imposed by this chapter does not apply to the sale to or use by a government contractor of overhead materials. The term “government contractor” includes prime contractors and subcontractors.
(b) As used in this subsection, the term “overhead materials” means all tangible personal property, other than qualifying property as defined in s. 212.02(14)(a) and electricity, which is used or consumed in the performance of a qualifying contract, title to which property vests in or passes to the government under the contract.
(c) As used in this subsection and in s. 212.02(14)(a), the term “qualifying contract” means a contract with the United States Department of Defense or the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, or a subcontract thereunder, but does not include a contract or subcontract for the repair, alteration, improvement, or construction of real property, except to the extent that purchases under such a contract would otherwise be exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter.
(d) The exemption provided in this subsection applies as follows:
1. Beginning July 1, 2000, the tax imposed by this chapter shall be applicable to 60 percent of the sales price or cost price of such overhead materials.
2. Beginning July 1, 2001, the tax imposed by this chapter shall be applicable to 40 percent of the sales price or cost price of such overhead materials.
3. Beginning July 1, 2002, the tax imposed by this chapter shall be applicable to 20 percent of the sales price or cost price of such overhead materials.
4. Beginning July 1, 2003, the entire sales price or cost price of such overhead materials is exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter.
The exemption provided in this subsection does not apply to any part of the cost of overhead materials allocated to a contract that is not a qualifying contract.
(e) Possession by a seller of a resale certificate or direct-pay permit relieves the seller from the responsibility of collecting the tax, and the department shall look solely to the contractor for recovery of such tax if it determines that the contractor was not entitled to the exemption. The contractor shall self-accrue and remit any applicable sales or use tax due with respect to overhead materials and with respect to costs allocable to contracts that are not qualifying contracts. The department may amend its rules to reflect the use of resale certificates and direct-pay permits with respect to the exemption provided for in this subsection.
(f) This subsection is not an expression of legislative intent as to the applicability of any tax to any sale or use of overhead materials prior to July 1, 1999. In addition, this subsection does not imply that transactions or costs that are not described in this subsection are taxable.
(18) MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT USED PREDOMINANTLY FOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.—
(a) Machinery and equipment used predominantly for research and development as defined in this subsection are exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter.
(b) For purposes of this subsection:
1. “Machinery and equipment” includes, but is not limited to, molds, dies, machine tooling, other appurtenances or accessories to machinery and equipment, testing and measuring equipment, test beds, computers, and software, whether purchased or self-fabricated, and, if self-fabricated, includes materials and labor for design, fabrication, and assembly.
2. “Predominantly” means at least 50 percent of the time.
3. “Research and development” means research that has one of the following as its ultimate goal:
a. Basic research in a scientific field of endeavor;
b. Advancing knowledge or technology in a scientific or technical field of endeavor;
c. The development of a new product, whether or not the new product is offered for sale;
d. The improvement of an existing product, whether or not the improved product is offered for sale;
e. The development of new uses of an existing product, whether or not a new use is offered as a rationale to purchase the product; or
f. The design and development of prototypes, whether or not a resulting product is offered for sale.
The term “research and development” does not include ordinary testing or inspection of materials or products used for quality control, market research, efficiency surveys, consumer surveys, advertising and promotions, management studies, or research in connection with literary, historical, social science, psychological, or other similar nontechnical activities.
(c) The department may adopt rules pursuant to ss. 120.536(1) and 120.54 that provide for administering and implementing this exemption.
(d) A person who claims the exemption provided in this subsection shall furnish the vendor of the machinery or equipment, including the vendor of materials and labor used in self-fabrication of the machinery or equipment, an affidavit stating that the item or items for which an exemption is claimed are machinery and equipment that will be used predominantly for research and development as required by this subsection. A purchaser who claims the exemption by refund shall include the affidavit with the refund application. The affidavit must contain the purchaser’s name, address, sales and use tax registration number, and, if applicable, federal employer’s identification number. Any person fraudulently furnishing an affidavit to the vendor for the purpose of evading payment of any tax imposed under this chapter shall be subject to the penalty set forth in s. 212.085 and as otherwise provided by law.
(e) In lieu of furnishing an affidavit, a purchaser claiming the exemption provided in this subsection who has a direct-pay permit may furnish the vendor with a copy of the direct-pay permit and shall maintain all documentation necessary to prove the exempt status of the purchases and fabrication activity.
(f) Purchasers shall maintain all documentation necessary to prove the exempt status of purchases and fabrication activity and make such documentation available for inspection pursuant to the requirements of s. 212.13(2).
14(19) FLORIDA FARM TEAM CARD.—
(a) Notwithstanding any other law, a farmer whose property has been classified as agricultural pursuant to s. 193.461 or who has implemented agricultural best management practices adopted by the Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services pursuant to s. 403.067(7)(c)2. may apply to the department for a Florida farm tax exempt agricultural materials (TEAM) card to claim the applicable sales tax exemptions provided in this section. A farmer may present the Florida farm TEAM card to a selling dealer in lieu of a certificate or affidavit otherwise required by this chapter.
(b) The Florida farm TEAM card is subject to the review and expiration provisions of s. 212.084. The department shall adopt rules to administer this subsection. The Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services may take all actions necessary for the administration, issuance, and distribution of the Florida farm TEAM cards to farmers registered with the department.
(c) For items purchased tax exempt pursuant to this subsection, proof of acceptance by a selling dealer of a Florida farm TEAM card from a purchaser relieves the selling dealer of the responsibility of collecting the tax on the sale of such items, and the department shall look solely to the purchaser for recovery of the tax if it determines that the purchaser was not entitled to the exemption.
(d) The department shall accept Florida farm TEAM card applications beginning on January 1, 2024.
History.—s. 8, ch. 26319, 1949; ss. 1, 2, ch. 26323, 1949; s. 9, ch. 26871, 1951; s. 1, ch. 28082, 1953; ss. 7, 33, ch. 29615, 1955; ss. 6-8, ch. 29883, 1955; s. 1, ch. 57-76; s. 1, ch. 57-398; s. 1, ch. 57-821; s. 1, ch. 57-1968; s. 1, ch. 57-1971; s. 1, ch. 59-287; ss. 1, 2, ch. 59-402; ss. 1, 2, ch. 59-448; s. 1, ch. 61-464; s. 2, ch. 61-276; s. 1, ch. 61-274; s. 7, ch. 63-253; ss. 5, 6, ch. 63-526; s. 1, ch. 63-565; s. 6, ch. 65-190; ss. 7-9, ch. 65-329; s. 1, ch. 65-331; s. 1, ch. 65-358; s. 5, ch. 65-371; s. 2, ch. 65-420; s. 4, ch. 67-180; ss. 8-12, 15, ch. 68-27; s. 1, ch. 69-99; ss. 15, 16, 19, 21, 24, 35, ch. 69-106; ss. 12-16, 19, ch. 69-222; ss. 2, 3, ch. 70-206; s. 2, ch. 70-373; s. 7, ch. 71-360; s. 1, ch. 71-985; s. 70, ch. 72-221; s. 1, ch. 72-289; s. 1, ch. 73-240; s. 1, ch. 74-4; s. 1, ch. 74-134; s. 1, ch. 74-305; ss. 1, 4, ch. 75-65; s. 35, ch. 77-147; s. 1, ch. 77-193; s. 1, ch. 77-194; s. 2, ch. 77-412; s. 1, ch. 78-59; s. 1, ch. 78-67; s. 1, ch. 78-77; s. 1, ch. 78-176; s. 1, ch. 78-220; s. 1, ch. 78-249; s. 1, ch. 78-270; s. 1, ch. 78-299; s. 1, ch. 78-329; s. 1, ch. 78-411; s. 41, ch. 79-164; ss. 2, 3, ch. 79-339; s. 96, ch. 79-400; ss. 1, 3, 4, ch. 80-163; s. 2, ch. 80-213; s. 10, ch. 81-151; s. 115, ch. 81-259; s. 3, ch. 81-319; s. 7, ch. 82-154; s. 1, ch. 82-206; s. 2, ch. 82-219; s. 5, ch. 83-3; s. 3, ch. 83-138; ss. 1, 2, ch. 83-154; ss. 1, 3, 8, ch. 83-297; s. 29, ch. 83-315; s. 29, ch. 83-317; ss. 2, 6, ch. 83-338; s. 265, ch. 84-309; ss. 3, 4, 5, ch. 84-324; s. 3, ch. 84-350; s. 34, ch. 84-356; s. 1, ch. 84-362; s. 30, ch. 85-80; ss. 1, 2, ch. 85-230; ss. 61, 64, 220, ch. 85-342; s. 74, ch. 86-152; ss. 5, 8, ch. 86-166; ss. 14, 25, 59, ch. 87-6; s. 4, ch. 87-72; s. 4, ch. 87-99; ss. 13, 34, ch. 87-101; s. 2, ch. 87-370; ss. 26, 27, 28, ch. 87-548; s. 1, ch. 88-123; s. 78, ch. 88-130; s. 27, ch. 88-201; ss. 2, 3, ch. 88-243; ss. 28, 61, ch. 89-300; ss. 35, 42, ch. 89-356; ss. 86, 93, ch. 90-132; s. 8, ch. 90-192; s. 1, ch. 90-203; s. 87, ch. 91-45; s. 3, ch. 92-113; s. 1, ch. 92-164; s. 1, ch. 92-168; s. 10, ch. 92-173; s. 2, ch. 92-206; s. 1, ch. 92-302; ss. 11, 17, ch. 92-319; s. 5, ch. 93-46; s. 11, ch. 93-233; ss. 42, 43, ch. 94-136; s. 1, ch. 94-186; s. 21, ch. 94-218; ss. 1, 16, ch. 94-314; s. 10, ch. 94-353; s. 52, ch. 94-356; s. 32, ch. 95-145; s. 1497, ch. 95-147; s. 3, ch. 95-232; s. 3, ch. 95-302; s. 12, ch. 95-333; s. 114, ch. 95-417; s. 92, ch. 95-418; s. 56, ch. 96-175; ss. 15, 161, 162, ch. 96-320; s. 23, ch. 96-323; s. 1, ch. 96-395; s. 26, ch. 96-397; s. 14, ch. 97-54; s. 1, ch. 97-86; s. 23, ch. 97-99; s. 5, ch. 97-197; s. 1, ch. 97-205; ss. 3, 5, 6, 7, ch. 97-221; s. 1, ch. 97-227; s. 11, ch. 97-278; s. 1, ch. 98-60; s. 2, ch. 98-133; s. 3, ch. 98-142; s. 1, ch. 98-143; s. 1, ch. 98-144; s. 14, ch. 98-166; s. 1, ch. 98-205; s. 2, ch. 98-220; s. 1, ch. 98-252; s. 2, ch. 98-273; s. 1, ch. 98-291; s. 2, ch. 98-294; s. 1, ch. 98-318; s. 1, ch. 98-328; s. 1, ch. 98-408; ss. 1, 2, ch. 98-416; s. 78, ch. 99-2; s. 1, ch. 99-171; s. 25, ch. 99-208; s. 3, ch. 99-238; s. 12, ch. 99-256; s. 1, ch. 99-269; s. 3, ch. 99-273; s. 3, ch. 99-304; s. 2, ch. 99-337; s. 1, ch. 99-364; s. 1, ch. 99-368; s. 42, ch. 2000-151; s. 37, ch. 2000-164; s. 54, ch. 2000-165; s. 4, ch. 2000-182; s. 6, ch. 2000-197; s. 13, ch. 2000-210; s. 3, ch. 2000-211; ss. 1, 3, ch. 2000-223; s. 1, ch. 2000-228; s. 2, ch. 2000-276; s. 7, ch. 2000-290; s. 3, ch. 2000-310; s. 19, ch. 2000-317; s. 10, ch. 2000-351; s. 1, ch. 2000-353; s. 15, ch. 2000-355; s. 25, ch. 2000-372; s. 34, ch. 2001-60; s. 38, ch. 2001-196; s. 2, ch. 2001-201; s. 10, ch. 2001-225; s. 52, ch. 2001-266; s. 6, ch. 2002-2; s. 9, ch. 2002-48; ss. 17, 18, 20, 22, ch. 2002-218; s. 918, ch. 2002-387; s. 5, ch. 2002-392; s. 22, ch. 2003-32; ss. 19, 41, ch. 2003-254; s. 186, ch. 2003-261; s. 8, ch. 2004-243; s. 1, ch. 2005-83; s. 22, ch. 2005-132; s. 2, ch. 2005-197; s. 1, ch. 2005-282; s. 21, ch. 2005-287; s. 2, ch. 2006-2; s. 3, ch. 2006-56; s. 2, ch. 2006-57; s. 58, ch. 2006-60; s. 30, ch. 2006-69; s. 1, ch. 2006-78; s. 3, ch. 2006-113; s. 2, ch. 2006-144; s. 11, ch. 2006-197; s. 9, ch. 2006-230; s. 19, ch. 2006-289; s. 18, ch. 2007-5; s. 1, ch. 2007-53; s. 1, ch. 2007-56; s. 23, ch. 2007-106; s. 38, ch. 2008-4; s. 37, ch. 2008-153; s. 1, ch. 2008-201; s. 9, ch. 2008-227; s. 189, ch. 2008-247; s. 4, ch. 2010-4; s. 51, ch. 2010-102; s. 2, ch. 2010-128; ss. 7, 8, ch. 2010-138; s. 9, ch. 2010-147; s. 1, ch. 2011-3; s. 56, ch. 2011-36; s. 33, ch. 2011-64; s. 2, ch. 2011-97; s. 75, ch. 2011-142; s. 14, ch. 2011-189; s. 8, ch. 2012-32; s. 4, ch. 2012-117; s. 4, ch. 2012-184; ss. 4, 6, ch. 2013-39; s. 4, ch. 2013-42; s. 3, ch. 2013-82; s. 76, ch. 2013-160; s. 15, ch. 2013-198.; s. 44, ch. 2014-19; s. 9, ch. 2014-38; s. 2, ch. 2014-122; s. 14, ch. 2015-221; s. 21, ch. 2016-10; s. 2, ch. 2016-131; s. 3, ch. 2016-216; s. 12, ch. 2016-220; s. 5, ch. 2017-3; s. 2, ch. 2017-4; ss. 26, 28, ch. 2017-36; ss. 1, 2, ch. 2017-232; s. 4, ch. 2018-111; s. 36, ch. 2018-118; s. 6, ch. 2019-42; s. 37, ch. 2020-2; s. 5, ch. 2021-10; ss. 20, 21, 50, ch. 2021-31; s. 23, ch. 2022-97; s. 12, ch. 2023-17; s. 1, ch. 2023-154; s. 24, ch. 2023-157; s. 15, ch. 2023-173; s. 15, ch. 2024-2; s. 46, ch. 2024-6.
1Note.—Section 1, ch. 2017-232, provides that “[i]t is the intent of the Legislature to implement s. 29, Article X of the State Constitution by creating a unified regulatory structure. If s. 29, Article X of the State Constitution is amended or a constitutional amendment related to cannabis or marijuana is adopted, this act shall expire 6 months after the effective date of such amendment.” If such amendment or adoption takes place, paragraph (2)(l), as created by s. 2, ch. 2017-232, is repealed, and paragraph (2)(m) will be redesignated as paragraph (2)(l).
2Note.—Section 53, ch. 2022-97, provides:
“(1) The Department of Revenue is authorized, and all conditions are deemed met, to adopt emergency rules pursuant to s. 120.54(4), Florida Statutes, to implement the amendments made by this act to s. 212.08; the creation by this act of ss. 197.319, 15197.3195, and 220.1915, Florida Statutes; and the creation by this act of the temporary tax exemptions for ENERGY STAR appliances, children’s books, children’s diapers, baby and toddler clothing and shoes, and impact-resistant windows, doors, and garage doors. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, emergency rules adopted pursuant to this subsection are effective for 6 months after adoption and may be renewed during the pendency of procedures to adopt permanent rules addressing the subject of the emergency rules.
“(2) This section shall take effect upon this act becoming a law and expires July 1, 2025.”
3Note.—
A. Section 53, ch. 2022-97, provides:
“(1) The Department of Revenue is authorized, and all conditions are deemed met, to adopt emergency rules pursuant to s. 120.54(4), Florida Statutes, to implement the amendments made by this act to s. 212.08; the creation by this act of ss. 197.319, 15197.3195, and 220.1915, Florida Statutes; and the creation by this act of the temporary tax exemptions for ENERGY STAR appliances, children’s books, children’s diapers, baby and toddler clothing and shoes, and impact-resistant windows, doors, and garage doors. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, emergency rules adopted pursuant to this subsection are effective for 6 months after adoption and may be renewed during the pendency of procedures to adopt permanent rules addressing the subject of the emergency rules.
“(2) This section shall take effect upon this act becoming a law and expires July 1, 2025.”
B. Section 49, ch. 2023-157, provides:
“(1) The Department of Revenue is authorized, and all conditions are deemed met, to adopt emergency rules pursuant to s. 120.54(4), Florida Statutes, to implement the amendments made by this act to ss. 212.031 and 212.08, Florida Statutes; the creation by this act of ss. 220.199 and 220.1991, Florida Statutes; and the creation by this act of the temporary tax exemptions for ENERGY STAR appliances, and gas ranges and cooktops. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, emergency rules adopted pursuant to this subsection are effective for 6 months after adoption and may be renewed during the pendency of procedures to adopt permanent rules addressing the subject of the emergency rules.
“(2) This section shall take effect upon this act becoming a law and expires July 1, 2026.”
9Note.—
A. Section 53, ch. 2022-97, provides:
“(1) The Department of Revenue is authorized, and all conditions are deemed met, to adopt emergency rules pursuant to s. 120.54(4), Florida Statutes, to implement the amendments made by this act to s. 212.08; the creation by this act of ss. 197.319, 15197.3195, and 220.1915, Florida Statutes; and the creation by this act of the temporary tax exemptions for ENERGY STAR appliances, children’s books, children’s diapers, baby and toddler clothing and shoes, and impact-resistant windows, doors, and garage doors. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, emergency rules adopted pursuant to this subsection are effective for 6 months after adoption and may be renewed during the pendency of procedures to adopt permanent rules addressing the subject of the emergency rules.
“(2) This section shall take effect upon this act becoming a law and expires July 1, 2025.”
B. Section 43, ch. 2023-17, provides:
“(1) The Department of Revenue is authorized, and all conditions are deemed met, to adopt emergency rules under s. 120.54(4), Florida Statutes, for the purpose of implementing provisions related to the Live Local Program created by this act. Notwithstanding any other law, emergency rules adopted under this section are effective for 6 months after adoption and may be renewed during the pendency of procedures to adopt permanent rules addressing the subject of the emergency rules.
“(2) This section expires July 1, 2026.”
10Note.—Section 43, ch. 2023-17, provides:
“(1) The Department of Revenue is authorized, and all conditions are deemed met, to adopt emergency rules under s. 120.54(4), Florida Statutes, for the purpose of implementing provisions related to the Live Local Program created by this act. Notwithstanding any other law, emergency rules adopted under this section are effective for 6 months after adoption and may be renewed during the pendency of procedures to adopt permanent rules addressing the subject of the emergency rules.
“(2) This section expires July 1, 2026.”
11Note.—Section 49, ch. 2023-157, provides:
“(1) The Department of Revenue is authorized, and all conditions are deemed met, to adopt emergency rules pursuant to s. 120.54(4), Florida Statutes, to implement the amendments made by this act to ss. 212.031 and 212.08, Florida Statutes; the creation by this act of ss. 220.199 and 220.1991, Florida Statutes; and the creation by this act of the temporary tax exemptions for ENERGY STAR appliances, and gas ranges and cooktops. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, emergency rules adopted pursuant to this subsection are effective for 6 months after adoption and may be renewed during the pendency of procedures to adopt permanent rules addressing the subject of the emergency rules.
“(2) This section shall take effect upon this act becoming a law and expires July 1, 2026.”
13Note.—Section 27, ch. 2010-161, provides:
“(1) All of the statutory powers, duties, and functions, records, personnel, property, and unexpended balances of appropriations, allocations, or other funds for the administration of chapter 499, Florida Statutes, relating to drugs, devices, cosmetics, and household products shall be transferred by a type two transfer, as defined in s. 20.06(2), Florida Statutes, from the Department of Health to the Department of Business and Professional Regulation.
“(2) The transfer of regulatory authority under chapter 499, Florida Statutes, provided by this section shall not affect the validity of any judicial or administrative action pending as of 11:59 p.m. on the day before the effective date of this section to which the Department of Health is at that time a party, and the Department of Business and Professional Regulation shall be substituted as a party in interest in any such action.
“(3) All lawful orders issued by the Department of Health implementing or enforcing or otherwise in regard to any provision of chapter 499, Florida Statutes, issued prior to the effective date of this section shall remain in effect and be enforceable after the effective date of this section unless thereafter modified in accordance with law.
“(4) The rules of the Department of Health relating to the implementation of chapter 499, Florida Statutes, that were in effect at 11:59 p.m. on the day prior to the effective date of this section shall become the rules of the Department of Business and Professional Regulation and shall remain in effect until amended or repealed in the manner provided by law.
“(5) Notwithstanding the transfer of regulatory authority under chapter 499, Florida Statutes, provided by this section, persons and entities holding in good standing any permit under chapter 499, Florida Statutes, as of 11:59 p.m. on the day prior to the effective date of this section shall, as of the effective date of this section, be deemed to hold in good standing a permit in the same capacity as that for which the permit was formerly issued.
“(6) Notwithstanding the transfer of regulatory authority under chapter 499, Florida Statutes, provided by this section, persons holding in good standing any certification under chapter 499, Florida Statutes, as of 11:59 p.m. on the day prior to the effective date of this section shall, as of the effective date of this section, be deemed to be certified in the same capacity in which they were formerly certified.
“(7) This section shall take effect October 1, 2011.”
14Note.—Section 2, ch. 2023-154, provides:
“(1) The Department of Revenue may, and all conditions are deemed met to, adopt emergency rules pursuant to s. 120.54(4), Florida Statutes, for the purpose of implementing s. 212.08(19), Florida Statutes.
“(2) Notwithstanding any other law, emergency rules adopted pursuant to this section are effective for 6 months after adoption and may be renewed during the pendency of procedures to adopt permanent rules addressing the subject of the emergency rules.”
212.0801 Qualified aircraft exemption.—To be eligible to receive an exemption under s. 212.08(7) for a qualified aircraft, a purchaser or lessee must offer, in writing, to participate in a flight training and research program with two or more universities based in this state which offer graduate programs in aeronautical or aerospace engineering and offer flight training through a school of aeronautics or college of aviation. The purchaser or lessee shall forward a copy of the written offer to the Department of Revenue. No exemption provided in this chapter for the lease, purchase, repair, or maintenance of a qualified aircraft shall be allowed unless the purchaser or lessee furnishes the dealer with a certificate stating that the lease, purchase, repair, or maintenance to be exempted is for the exclusive use of the purchaser or lessee of a qualified aircraft and that the purchaser or lessee otherwise qualifies for the exemption as provided in this section. If a purchaser or lessee makes tax-exempt purchases of qualified aircraft or leases a qualified aircraft on a continual basis, the purchaser or lessee may tender the certificate once and allow the dealer to keep a certificate on file. The purchaser or lessee shall inform the dealer that has a certificate on file when the purchaser or lessee no longer qualifies for the exemption. The department shall determine the format of the certificate.
History.—s. 3, ch. 2006-144.
212.081 Legislative intent.—It is hereby declared to be the legislative intent of the amendments to ss. 212.11(1), 1212.12(10), and 212.20 by chapter 57-398, Laws of Florida:
(1) To aid in the enforcement of this chapter by recognizing the effect of court rulings involving such enforcement and to incorporate herein substantial rulings of the department which have been recognized as necessary to supplement the interpretation of some of the terms used in this section.
(2) To arrange the exemptions allowed in this section in more orderly categories thereby eliminating some of the confusion attendant upon the present arrangement where cross-exemptions frequently occur.
(a) It is further declared to be the legislative intent that the tax levied by this chapter and imposed by this section is not a tax on motor vehicles as property but a tax on the privilege to sell, to rent, to use or to store for use in this state motor vehicles; that such tax is separate from and in addition to any license tax imposed on motor vehicles; and that such tax is not intended as an ad valorem tax on motor vehicles as prohibited by the Constitution.
(b) It is also the legislative intent that there shall be no pyramiding or duplication of excise taxes levied by the state under this chapter and no municipality shall levy any excise tax upon any privilege, admission, lease, rental, sale, use or storage for use or consumption which is subject to a tax under this chapter unless permitted by general law; provided, however, that this provision shall not impair valid municipal ordinances which are in effect and under which a municipal tax is being levied and collected on July 1, 1957.
(3) It is hereby declared to be the legislative intent that all purchases made by banks are subject to state sales tax in the same manner as is provided by law for all other purchasers. It is further declared to be the legislative intent that if for any reason the sales tax on federal banks is declared invalid, that sales tax shall not apply or be applicable to purchases made by state banks.
History.—s. 1, ch. 57-398; s. 3, ch. 59-402; s. 4, ch. 61-274; s. 7, ch. 63-253; s. 5, ch. 65-371; s. 2, ch. 65-420; ss. 21, 35, ch. 69-106; s. 35, ch. 95-280; s. 27, ch. 96-397; s. 16, ch. 98-73.
212.0821 Legislative intent that political subdivisions and public libraries use their sales tax exemption certificates for purchases on behalf of specified groups.—It is the intent of the Legislature that the political subdivisions of the state and the public libraries utilize their sales tax exemption certificates to purchase, with funds provided by the following groups, services, equipment, supplies, and items necessary for the operation of such groups, in addition to the normal exempt purchases that political subdivisions and libraries are empowered to make:
(1) School districts shall purchase necessary goods and services requested by parent-teacher organizations.
(2) Counties and municipalities shall purchase necessary goods and services requested by REACT groups, neighborhood crime watch groups, and state or locally recognized organizations solely engaged in youth activities identical to those discussed in s. 212.08(7)(l).
(3) Public libraries shall purchase necessary goods and services requested by groups solely engaged in fundraising activities for such libraries.
History.—s. 4, ch. 84-362; s. 26, ch. 87-6; s. 4, ch. 2000-228.
212.084 Review of exemption certificates; reissuance; specified expiration date; temporary exemption certificates.—
(1)(a) In reviewing each sales tax exemption certificate, the department shall ensure that the institution, organization, or individual possessing the certificate is actively engaged in an exempt endeavor as stipulated in this chapter.
(b) Whenever feasible, the department shall choose entities for review based on an alphabetical selection procedure.
(2)(a) Each institution, organization, or individual possessing a sales tax exemption certificate shall cooperate fully with the department during its review of the certificate. The department shall revoke the sales tax exemption certificate of any entity that fails to respond to either of two written requests for information regarding the taxable status of the entity. These requests must be mailed at least 4 weeks apart to the last known address of the entity.
(b) Any entity may apply for reissuance of a revoked exemption certificate if the revocation occurred due to the failure of the entity to respond to either of the two written requests sent by the department.
(3) After review is completed and it has been determined that an institution, organization, or individual is actively engaged in a bona fide exempt endeavor and is not subject to a final disqualification order issued by the Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services pursuant to s. 496.430, the department shall reissue an exemption certificate to the entity. However, each certificate so reissued is valid for 5 consecutive years, at which time the review and reissuance procedure provided by this section applies again. If the department determines that an entity no longer qualifies for an exemption, it shall revoke the tax exemption certificate of the entity.
(4) Each sales tax exemption certificate expires 5 years after the date of issuance. Upon expiration, the certificate is subject to the review and reissuance procedures provided by this section.
(5) The department may require that an entity submit documentation and evidence of its organizational structure, federal tax status, program content, or any other materials necessary during the review process mandated by this section.
(6) Notwithstanding the provisions of s. 213.053 to the contrary, the department shall furnish, upon request, the name and address of any institution, organization, individual, or other entity possessing a valid sales tax exemption certificate.
(7) The department shall revoke a sales tax exemption certificate granted to, or refuse to grant a sales tax exemption certificate to, an institution, organization, or individual who is the subject of a final disqualification order issued by the Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services pursuant to s. 496.430. A revocation or denial under this subsection is subject to challenge under chapter 120 only as to whether a disqualification order is in effect. An institution, organization, or individual who appeals the disqualification order must do so pursuant to s. 496.430(2).
History.—s. 14, ch. 83-137; s. 5, ch. 83-338; s. 1, ch. 94-178; s. 29, ch. 96-397; s. 24, ch. 97-99; s. 2, ch. 2000-228; s. 60, ch. 2002-218; s. 3, ch. 2014-122.
212.085 Fraudulent claim of exemption; penalties.—When any person shall fraudulently, for the purpose of evading tax, issue to a vendor or to any agent of the state a certificate or statement in writing in which he or she claims exemption from sales tax, such person, in addition to being liable for payment of the tax plus a mandatory penalty of 200 percent of the tax, shall be liable for fine and punishment as provided by law for a conviction of a felony of the third degree, as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.
History.—s. 3, ch. 78-59; s. 86, ch. 87-6; s. 54, ch. 87-101; s. 18, ch. 92-320; s. 1115, ch. 95-147.
212.09 Trade-ins deducted; exception.—
(1) Where used articles, accepted and intended for resale, are taken in trade, or a series of trades, as a credit or part payment on the sale of new articles, the tax levied by this chapter shall be paid on the sales price of the new article, less the credit for the used article taken in trade.
(2) Where used articles, accepted and intended for resale, are taken in trade, or a series of trades, as a credit or part payment on the sale of used articles, the tax levied by this chapter shall be paid on the sales price of the used article less the credit for the used article taken in trade.
(3) A person who is not registered with the department as a seller of aircraft, boats, mobile homes, or vehicles who is selling an aircraft, boat, mobile home, or vehicle and who takes in trade an item other than an aircraft, boat, mobile home, or vehicle may not use the item as a credit against sales price.
History.—s. 9, ch. 26319, 1949; s. 4, ch. 98-142.
212.096 Sales, rental, storage, use tax; enterprise zone jobs credit against sales tax.—
(1) For the purposes of the credit provided in this section:
(a) “Eligible business” means any sole proprietorship, firm, partnership, corporation, bank, savings association, estate, trust, business trust, receiver, syndicate, or other group or combination, or successor business, located in an enterprise zone. The business must demonstrate to the department that, on the date of application, the total number of full-time jobs defined under paragraph (d) is greater than the total was 12 months prior to that date. An eligible business does not include any business which has claimed the credit permitted under s. 220.181 for any new business employee first beginning employment with the business after July 1, 1995.
(b) “Month” means either a calendar month or the time period from any day of any month to the corresponding day of the next succeeding month or, if there is no corresponding day in the next succeeding month, the last day of the succeeding month.
(c) “New employee” means a person residing in an enterprise zone or a participant in the welfare transition program who begins employment with an eligible business after July 1, 1995, and who has not been previously employed full time within the preceding 12 months by the eligible business, or a successor eligible business, claiming the credit allowed by this section.
(d) “Job” means a full-time position, as consistent with terms used by the Department of Commerce and the United States Department of Labor for purposes of reemployment assistance tax administration and employment estimation resulting directly from a business operation in this state. This term does not include a temporary construction job involved with the construction of facilities or any job that has previously been included in any application for tax credits under s. 220.181(1). The term also includes employment of an employee leased from an employee leasing company licensed under chapter 468 if such employee has been continuously leased to the employer for an average of at least 36 hours per week for more than 6 months.
(e) “New job has been created” means that, on the date of application, the total number of full-time jobs is greater than the total was 12 months prior to that date, as demonstrated to the department by a business located in the enterprise zone.
A person shall be deemed to be employed if the person performs duties in connection with the operations of the business on a regular, full-time basis, provided the person is performing such duties for an average of at least 36 hours per week each month. The person must be performing such duties at a business site located in the enterprise zone.
(2)(a) Upon an affirmative showing by an eligible business to the satisfaction of the department that the requirements of this section have been met, the business shall be allowed a credit against the tax remitted under this chapter.
(b) The credit shall be computed as 20 percent of the actual monthly wages paid in this state to each new employee hired when a new job has been created, unless the business is located within a rural enterprise zone pursuant to s. 290.004, in which case the credit shall be 30 percent of the actual monthly wages paid. If no less than 20 percent of the employees of the business are residents of an enterprise zone, excluding temporary and part-time employees, the credit shall be computed as 30 percent of the actual monthly wages paid in this state to each new employee hired when a new job has been created, unless the business is located within a rural enterprise zone, in which case the credit shall be 45 percent of the actual monthly wages paid. If the new employee hired when a new job is created is a participant in the welfare transition program, the following credit shall be a percent of the actual monthly wages paid: 40 percent for $4 above the hourly federal minimum wage rate; 41 percent for $5 above the hourly federal minimum wage rate; 42 percent for $6 above the hourly federal minimum wage rate; 43 percent for $7 above the hourly federal minimum wage rate; and 44 percent for $8 above the hourly federal minimum wage rate. For purposes of this paragraph, monthly wages shall be computed as one-twelfth of the expected annual wages paid to such employee. The amount paid as wages to a new employee is the compensation paid to such employee that is subject to reemployment assistance tax. The credit shall be allowed for up to 24 consecutive months, beginning with the first tax return due pursuant to s. 212.11 after approval by the department.
(3) In order to claim this credit, an eligible business must file under oath with the governing body or enterprise zone development agency having jurisdiction over the enterprise zone where the business is located, as applicable, a statement which includes:
(a) For each new employee for whom this credit is claimed, the employee’s name and place of residence, including the identifying number assigned pursuant to s. 290.0065 to the enterprise zone in which the employee resides if the new employee is a person residing in an enterprise zone, and, if applicable, documentation that the employee is a welfare transition program participant.
(b) If applicable, the name and address of each permanent employee of the business, including, for each employee who is a resident of an enterprise zone, the identifying number assigned pursuant to s. 290.0065 to the enterprise zone in which the employee resides.
(c) The name and address of the eligible business.
(d) The starting salary or hourly wages paid to the new employee.
(e) Demonstration to the department that, on the date of application, the total number of full-time jobs defined under paragraph (1)(d) is greater than the total was 12 months prior to that date.
(f) The identifying number assigned pursuant to s. 290.0065 to the enterprise zone in which the business is located.
(g) Whether the business is a small business as defined by s. 288.703(6).
(h) Within 10 working days after receipt of an application, the governing body or enterprise zone development agency shall review the application to determine if it contains all the information required pursuant to this subsection and meets the criteria set out in this section. The governing body or agency shall certify all applications that contain the information required pursuant to this subsection and meet the criteria set out in this section as eligible to receive a credit. If applicable, the governing body or agency shall also certify if 20 percent of the employees of the business are residents of an enterprise zone, excluding temporary and part-time employees. The certification shall be in writing, and a copy of the certification shall be transmitted to the executive director of the Department of Revenue. The business shall be responsible for forwarding a certified application to the department within the time specified in paragraph (i).
(i) All applications for a credit pursuant to this section must be submitted to the department within 6 months after the new employee is hired, except applications for credit for leased employees. Applications for credit for leased employees must be submitted to the department within 7 months after the employee is leased.
(4) Within 10 working days after receipt of a completed application for a credit authorized in this section, the department shall inform the business that the application has been approved. The credit may be taken on the first return due after receipt of approval from the department.
(5) In the event the application is incomplete or insufficient to support the credit authorized in this section, the department shall deny the credit and notify the business of that fact. The business may reapply for this credit.
(6) The credit provided in this section does not apply:
(a) For any new employee who is an owner, partner, or majority stockholder of an eligible business.
(b) For any new employee who is employed for any period less than 3 months.
(7) The credit provided in this section shall not be allowed for any month in which the tax due for such period or the tax return required pursuant to s. 212.11 for such period is delinquent.
(8) In the event an eligible business has a credit larger than the amount owed the state on the tax return for the time period in which the credit is claimed, the amount of the credit for that time period shall be the amount owed the state on that tax return.
(9) Any business which has claimed this credit shall not be allowed any credit under the provisions of s. 220.181 for any new employee beginning employment after July 1, 1995.
(10) It shall be the responsibility of each business to affirmatively demonstrate to the satisfaction of the department that it meets the requirements of this section.
(11) Any person who fraudulently claims this credit is liable for repayment of the credit plus a mandatory penalty of 100 percent of the credit plus interest at the rate provided in this chapter, and such person is guilty of a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
(12) This section, except for subsection (11), expires on the date specified in s. 290.016 for the expiration of the Florida Enterprise Zone Act.
History.—s. 35, ch. 84-356; s. 8, ch. 86-166; s. 25, ch. 87-6; s. 28, ch. 88-201; s. 20, ch. 91-224; s. 47, ch. 94-136; s. 1498, ch. 95-147; s. 17, ch. 96-320; s. 20, ch. 98-57; s. 55, ch. 2000-165; s. 3, ch. 2001-201; s. 23, ch. 2002-218; s. 22, ch. 2005-287; s. 4, ch. 2006-113; s. 76, ch. 2011-142; s. 21, ch. 2012-5; s. 45, ch. 2012-30; s. 23, ch. 2012-96; s. 47, ch. 2024-6.
212.097 Urban High-Crime Area Job Tax Credit Program.—
(1) As used in this section, the term:
(a) “Eligible business” means any sole proprietorship, firm, partnership, or corporation that is located in a qualified county and is predominantly engaged in, or is headquarters for a business predominantly engaged in, activities usually provided for consideration by firms classified within the following standard industrial classifications: SIC 01-SIC 09 (agriculture, forestry, and fishing); SIC 20-SIC 39 (manufacturing); SIC 52-SIC 57 and SIC 59 (retail); SIC 422 (public warehousing and storage); SIC 70 (hotels and other lodging places); SIC 7391 (research and development); SIC 781 (motion picture production and allied services); SIC 7992 (public golf courses); and SIC 7996 (amusement parks). A call center or similar customer service operation that services a multistate market or international market is also an eligible business. In addition, the Department of Commerce may, as part of its final budget request submitted pursuant to s. 216.023, recommend additions to or deletions from the list of standard industrial classifications used to determine an eligible business, and the Legislature may implement such recommendations. Excluded from eligible receipts are receipts from retail sales, except such receipts for SIC 52-SIC 57 and SIC 59 (retail) hotels and other lodging places classified in SIC 70, public golf courses in SIC 7992, and amusement parks in SIC 7996. For purposes of this paragraph, the term “predominantly” means that more than 50 percent of the business’s gross receipts from all sources is generated by those activities usually provided for consideration by firms in the specified standard industrial classification. The determination of whether the business is located in a qualified high-crime area and the tier ranking of that area must be based on the date of application for the credit under this section. Commonly owned and controlled entities are to be considered a single business entity.
(b) “Qualified employee” means any employee of an eligible business who performs duties in connection with the operations of the business on a regular, full-time basis for an average of at least 36 hours per week for at least 3 months within the qualified high-crime area in which the eligible business is located. An owner or partner of the eligible business is not a qualified employee. The term also includes an employee leased from an employee leasing company licensed under chapter 468, if such employee has been continuously leased to the employer for an average of at least 36 hours per week for more than 6 months.
(c) “New business” means any eligible business first beginning operation on a site in a qualified high-crime area and clearly separate from any other commercial or business operation of the business entity within a qualified high-crime area. A business entity that operated an eligible business within a qualified high-crime area within the 48 months before the period provided for application by subsection (2) is not considered a new business.
(d) “Existing business” means any eligible business that does not meet the criteria for a new business.
(e) “Qualified high-crime area” means an area selected by the Department of Commerce in the following manner: every third year, the Department of Commerce shall rank and tier those areas nominated under subsection (7), according to the following prioritized criteria:
1. Highest arrest rates within the geographic area for violent crime and for such other crimes as drug sale, drug possession, prostitution, vandalism, and civil disturbances;
2. Highest reported crime volume and rate of specific property crimes such as business and residential burglary, motor vehicle theft, and vandalism;
3. Highest percentage of reported index crimes that are violent in nature;
4. Highest overall index crime volume for the area; and
5. Highest overall index crime rate for the geographic area.
Tier-one areas are ranked 1 through 5 and represent the highest crime areas according to this ranking. Tier-two areas are ranked 6 through 10 according to this ranking. Tier-three areas are ranked 11 through 15. Notwithstanding this definition, “qualified high-crime area” also means an area that has been designated as a federal Empowerment Zone pursuant to the Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997. Such a designated area is ranked in tier three until the areas are reevaluated by the Department of Commerce.
(2) A new eligible business may apply for a tax credit under this subsection once at any time during its first year of operation. A new eligible business in a tier-one qualified high-crime area which has at least 10 qualified employees on the date of application shall receive a $1,500 tax credit for each such employee. A new eligible business in a tier-two qualified high-crime area which has at least 20 qualified employees on the date of application shall receive a $1,000 tax credit for each such employee. A new eligible business in a tier-three qualified high-crime area which has at least 30 qualified employees on the date of application shall receive a $500 tax credit for each such employee.
(3)(a) An existing eligible business may apply for a tax credit under this subsection at any time it is entitled to such credit, except as restricted by this subsection. An existing eligible business in a tier-one qualified high-crime area which on the date of application has at least 5 more qualified employees than it had 1 year prior to its date of application shall receive a $1,500 tax credit for each such additional employee. An existing eligible business in a tier-two qualified high-crime area which on the date of application has at least 10 more qualified employees than it had 1 year prior to its date of application shall receive a $1,000 credit for each such additional employee. An existing business in a tier-three qualified high-crime area which on the date of application has at least 15 more qualified employees than it had 1 year prior to its date of application shall receive a $500 tax credit for each such additional employee. An existing eligible business may apply for the credit under this subsection no more than once in any 12-month period. Any existing eligible business that received a credit under subsection (2) may not apply for the credit under this subsection sooner than 12 months after the application date for the credit under subsection (2).
(b) An existing eligible business that filed an application for a tax credit under this subsection on or after January 1, 2009, and was denied because of the limitation set forth in subsection (5) at the time of such application, may refile the application on or before December 31, 2012, if the number of qualified employees employed on the day the denied application is refiled is no lower than the number of qualified employees on the day the denied application was initially filed. Any credit resulting from the refiled application is subject to the aggregate limitation set forth in subsection (10) for the calendar year 2012. For purposes of applying the tax credit eligibility determination required by this section to the refiled application, the terms “date of application” and “application date” mean the date the denied application was initially filed.
(4) For any new eligible business receiving a credit pursuant to subsection (2), an additional $500 credit shall be provided for any qualified employee who is a welfare transition program participant. For any existing eligible business receiving a credit pursuant to subsection (3), an additional $500 credit shall be provided for any qualified employee who is a welfare transition program participant. Such employee must be employed on the application date and have been employed less than 1 year. This credit shall be in addition to other credits pursuant to this section regardless of the tier-level of the high-crime area. Appropriate documentation concerning the eligibility of an employee for this credit must be submitted as determined by the Department of Revenue.
(5) To be eligible for a tax credit under subsection (3), the number of qualified employees employed 1 year before the application date must be no lower than the number of qualified employees on January 1, 2009, or on the application date on which a credit under this section was based for any previous application, including an application under subsection (2).
(6) Any county or municipality, or a county and one or more municipalities together, may apply to the Department of Commerce for the designation of an area as a high-crime area after the adoption by the governing body or bodies of a resolution that:
(a) Finds that a high-crime area exists in such county or municipality, or in both the county and one or more municipalities, which chronically exhibits extreme and unacceptable levels of poverty, unemployment, physical deterioration, and economic disinvestment;
(b) Determines that the rehabilitation, conservation, or redevelopment, or a combination thereof, of such a high-crime area is necessary in the interest of the health, safety, and welfare of the residents of such county or municipality, or such county and one or more municipalities; and
(c) Determines that the revitalization of such a high-crime area can occur if the public sector or private sector can be induced to invest its own resources in productive enterprises that build or rebuild the economic viability of the area.
(7) The governing body of the entity nominating the area shall provide to the Department of Commerce the following:
(a) The overall index crime rate for the geographic area;
(b) The overall index crime volume for the area;
(c) The percentage of reported index crimes that are violent in nature;
(d) The reported crime volume and rate of specific property crimes such as business and residential burglary, motor vehicle theft, and vandalism; and
(e) The arrest rates within the geographic area for violent crime and for such other crimes as drug sale, drug possession, prostitution, disorderly conduct, vandalism, and other public-order offenses.
(8) A municipality, or a county and one or more municipalities together, may not nominate more than one high-crime area. However, any county as defined by s. 125.011(1) may nominate no more than three high-crime areas.
(9) An area nominated by a county or municipality, or a county and one or more municipalities together, for designation as a high-crime area shall be eligible only if it meets the following criteria:
(a) The selected area does not exceed 20 square miles and either has a continuous boundary or consists of not more than three noncontiguous parcels;
(b) The selected area does not exceed the following mileage limitation:
1. For communities having a total population of 150,000 persons or more, the selected area does not exceed 20 square miles.
2. For communities having a total population of 50,000 persons or more, but fewer than 150,000 persons, the selected area does not exceed 10 square miles.
3. For communities having a total population of 20,000 persons or more, but fewer than 50,000 persons, the selected area does not exceed 5 square miles.
4. For communities having a total population of fewer than 20,000 persons, the selected area does not exceed 3 square miles.
(10)(a) In order to claim this credit, an eligible business must file under oath with the Department of Commerce a statement that includes the name and address of the eligible business and any other information that is required to process the application.
(b) Applications shall be reviewed and certified pursuant to s. 288.061.
(c) The maximum credit amount that may be approved during any calendar year is $5 million, of which $1 million shall be exclusively reserved for tier-one areas. The Department of Revenue, in conjunction with the Department of Commerce, shall notify the governing bodies in areas designated as urban high-crime areas when the $5 million maximum amount has been reached. Applications must be considered for approval in the order in which they are received without regard to whether the credit is for a new or existing business. This limitation applies to the value of the credit as contained in approved applications. Approved credits may be taken in the time and manner allowed pursuant to this section.
(11) If the application is insufficient to support the credit authorized in this section, the Department of Commerce shall deny the credit and notify the business of that fact. The business may reapply for this credit within 3 months after such notification.
(12) If the credit under this section is greater than can be taken on a single tax return, excess amounts may be taken as credits on any tax return submitted within 12 months after the approval of the application by the department.
(13) It is the responsibility of each business to affirmatively demonstrate to the satisfaction of the Department of Revenue that it meets the requirements of this section.
(14) Any person who fraudulently claims this credit is liable for repayment of the credit plus a mandatory penalty of 100 percent of the credit and is guilty of a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
(15) A corporation may take the credit under this section against its corporate income tax liability, as provided in s. 220.1895. However, a corporation that applies its job tax credit against the tax imposed by chapter 220 may not receive the credit provided for in this section. A credit may be taken against only one tax.
History.—s. 1, ch. 97-50; s. 10, ch. 98-342; s. 86, ch. 99-251; s. 2, ch. 99-342; s. 56, ch. 2000-165; s. 15, ch. 2000-210; s. 2, ch. 2001-106; s. 4, ch. 2009-51; s. 77, ch. 2011-142; s. 9, ch. 2012-32; s. 14, ch. 2013-18; s. 48, ch. 2024-6.
212.098 Rural Job Tax Credit Program.—
(1) As used in this section, the term:
(a) “Eligible business” means any sole proprietorship, firm, partnership, or corporation that is located in a qualified county and is predominantly engaged in, or is headquarters for a business predominantly engaged in, activities usually provided for consideration by firms classified within the following standard industrial classifications: SIC 01-SIC 09 (agriculture, forestry, and fishing); SIC 20-SIC 39 (manufacturing); SIC 422 (public warehousing and storage); SIC 70 (hotels and other lodging places); SIC 7391 (research and development); SIC 781 (motion picture production and allied services); SIC 7992 (public golf courses); and SIC 7996 (amusement parks). A call center or similar customer service operation that services a multistate market or an international market is also an eligible business. In addition, the Department of Commerce may, as part of its final budget request submitted pursuant to s. 216.023, recommend additions to or deletions from the list of standard industrial classifications used to determine an eligible business, and the Legislature may implement such recommendations. Excluded from eligible receipts are receipts from retail sales, except such receipts for hotels and other lodging places classified in SIC 70, public golf courses in SIC 7992, and amusement parks in SIC 7996. For purposes of this paragraph, the term “predominantly” means that more than 50 percent of the business’s gross receipts from all sources is generated by those activities usually provided for consideration by firms in the specified standard industrial classification. The determination of whether the business is located in a qualified county and the tier ranking of that county must be based on the date of application for the credit under this section. Commonly owned and controlled entities are to be considered a single business entity.
(b) “Qualified employee” means any employee of an eligible business who performs duties in connection with the operations of the business on a regular, full-time basis for an average of at least 36 hours per week for at least 3 months within the qualified county in which the eligible business is located. The term also includes an employee leased from an employee leasing company licensed under chapter 468, if such employee has been continuously leased to the employer for an average of at least 36 hours per week for more than 6 months. An owner or partner of the eligible business is not a qualified employee.
(c) “Qualified area” means any area that is contained within a rural area of opportunity designated under s. 288.0656, a county that has a population of fewer than 75,000 persons, or a county that has a population of 125,000 or less and is contiguous to a county that has a population of less than 75,000, selected in the following manner: every third year, the Department of Commerce shall rank and tier the state’s counties according to the following four factors:
1. Highest unemployment rate for the most recent 36-month period.
2. Lowest per capita income for the most recent 36-month period.
3. Highest percentage of residents whose incomes are below the poverty level, based upon the most recent data available.
4. Average weekly manufacturing wage, based upon the most recent data available.
(d) “New business” means any eligible business first beginning operation on a site in a qualified county and clearly separate from any other commercial or business operation of the business entity within a qualified county. A business entity that operated an eligible business within a qualified county within the 48 months before the period provided for application by subsection (2) is not considered a new business.
(e) “Existing business” means any eligible business that does not meet the criteria for a new business.
(2) A new eligible business may apply for a tax credit under this subsection once at any time during its first year of operation. A new eligible business in a qualified area that has at least 10 qualified employees on the date of application shall receive a $1,000 tax credit for each such employee.
(3) An existing eligible business may apply for a tax credit under this subsection at any time it is entitled to such credit, except as restricted by this subsection. An existing eligible business with fewer than 50 employees in a qualified area that on the date of application has at least 20 percent more qualified employees than it had 1 year prior to its date of application shall receive a $1,000 tax credit for each such additional employee. An existing eligible business that has 50 employees or more in a qualified area that, on the date of application, has at least 10 more qualified employees than it had 1 year prior to its date of application shall receive a $1,000 tax credit for each additional employee. Any existing eligible business that received a credit under subsection (2) may not apply for the credit under this subsection sooner than 12 months after the application date for the credit under subsection (2).
(4) For any new eligible business receiving a credit pursuant to subsection (2), an additional $500 credit shall be provided for any qualified employee who is a welfare transition program participant. For any existing eligible business receiving a credit pursuant to subsection (3), an additional $500 credit shall be provided for any qualified employee who is a welfare transition program participant. Such employee must be employed on the application date and have been employed less than 1 year. This credit shall be in addition to other credits pursuant to this section regardless of the tier-level of the county. Appropriate documentation concerning the eligibility of an employee for this credit must be submitted as determined by the department.
(5) To be eligible for a tax credit under subsection (3), the number of qualified employees employed 1 year prior to the application date must be no lower than the number of qualified employees on the application date on which a credit under this section was based for any previous application, including an application under subsection (2).
(6)(a) In order to claim this credit, an eligible business must file under oath with the Department of Commerce a statement that includes the name and address of the eligible business, the starting salary or hourly wages paid to the new employee, and any other information that the Department of Revenue requires.
(b) Pursuant to the incentive review process under s. 288.061, the Department of Commerce shall review the application to determine whether it contains all the information required by this subsection and meets the criteria set out in this section. Subject to the provisions of paragraph (c), the Department of Commerce shall approve all applications that contain the information required by this subsection and meet the criteria set out in this section as eligible to receive a credit.
(c) The maximum credit amount that may be approved during any calendar year is $5 million. The Department of Revenue, in conjunction with the Department of Commerce, shall notify the governing bodies in areas designated as qualified counties when the $5 million maximum amount has been reached. Applications must be considered for approval in the order in which they are received without regard to whether the credit is for a new or existing business. This limitation applies to the value of the credit as contained in approved applications. Approved credits may be taken in the time and manner allowed pursuant to this section.
(d) A business may not receive more than $500,000 of tax credits under this section during any one calendar year.
(7) If the application is insufficient to support the credit authorized in this section, the Department of Commerce shall deny the credit and notify the business of that fact. The business may reapply for this credit within 3 months after such notification.
(8) If the credit under this section is greater than can be taken on a single tax return, excess amounts may be taken as credits on any tax return submitted within 12 months after the approval of the application by the department.
(9) It is the responsibility of each business to affirmatively demonstrate to the satisfaction of the Department of Revenue that it meets the requirements of this section.
(10) Any person who fraudulently claims this credit is liable for repayment of the credit plus a mandatory penalty of 100 percent of the credit and is guilty of a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
(11) A corporation may take the credit under this section against its corporate income tax liability, as provided in s. 220.1895. However, a corporation that uses its job tax credit against the tax imposed by chapter 220 may not receive the credit provided for in this section. A credit may be taken against only one tax.
(12) A new or existing eligible business that receives a tax credit under subsection (2) or subsection (3) is eligible for a tax refund of up to 50 percent of the amount of sales tax on purchases of electricity paid by the business during the 1-year period after the date the credit is received. The total amount of tax refunds approved pursuant to this subsection may not exceed $600,000 during any calendar year. The department may adopt rules to administer this subsection.
History.—s. 2, ch. 97-50; s. 11, ch. 98-342; s. 87, ch. 99-251; s. 3, ch. 99-342; s. 57, ch. 2000-165; s. 16, ch. 2000-210; s. 3, ch. 2001-106; s. 4, ch. 2001-201; s. 24, ch. 2002-218; s. 5, ch. 2009-51; s. 33, ch. 2010-5; s. 78, ch. 2011-142; s. 15, ch. 2013-18; ss. 2, 28, ch. 2014-218; s. 16, ch. 2023-173; s. 49, ch. 2024-6.
212.099 Credit for contributions to eligible nonprofit scholarship-funding organizations.—
(1) As used in this section, the term:
(a) “Eligible business” means a tenant or person actually occupying, using, or entitled to the use of any property from which the rental or license fee is subject to taxation under s. 212.031.
(b) “Eligible contribution” or “contribution” means a monetary contribution from an eligible business to an eligible nonprofit scholarship-funding organization to be used pursuant to s. 1002.395. The eligible business making the contribution may not designate a specific student as the beneficiary of the contribution.
(c) “Eligible nonprofit scholarship-funding organization” or “organization” has the same meaning as provided in s. 1002.395(2).
(2) An eligible business shall be granted a credit against the tax imposed under s. 212.031 and collected from the eligible business by a dealer. The credit shall be in an amount equal to 100 percent of an eligible contribution made to an organization.
(3) A dealer shall take a credit against the tax imposed under s. 212.031 in an amount equal to the credit taken by the eligible business under subsection (2).
(4)(a) An eligible business must apply to the department for an allocation of tax credits under this section. The eligible business must specify in the application the state fiscal year during which the contribution will be made, the organization that will receive the contribution, the planned amount of the contribution, the address of the property from which the rental or license fee is subject to taxation under s. 212.031, and the federal employer identification number of the dealer who collects the tax imposed under s. 212.031 from the eligible business and who will reduce collection of taxes from the eligible business pursuant to this section. The department shall approve allocations of tax credits on a first-come, first-served basis and shall provide to the eligible business a separate approval or denial letter for each dealer for which the eligible business applied for an allocation of tax credits. Within 10 days after approving or denying an application, the department shall provide a copy of its approval or denial letter to the organization specified by the eligible business in the application. An approval letter must include the name and federal employer identification number of the dealer from whom a credit under this section can be taken and the amount of tax credits approved for use with that dealer.
(b) Upon receipt of an eligible contribution, the organization shall provide the eligible business that made the contribution with a separate certificate of contribution for each dealer from whom a credit can be taken as approved under paragraph (a). A certificate of contribution must include the contributor’s name and, if available, federal employer identification number, the amount contributed, the date of contribution, the name of the organization, and the name and federal employer identification number of the dealer.
(5) Each dealer that receives from an eligible business a copy of the department’s approval letter and a certificate of contribution, both of which identify the dealer as the dealer who collects the tax imposed under s. 212.031 from the eligible business and who will reduce collection of taxes from the eligible business pursuant to this section, shall reduce the tax collected from the eligible business under s. 212.031 by the total amount of contributions indicated in the certificate of contribution. The reduction may not exceed the amount of credit allocation approved by the department and may not exceed the amount of tax that would otherwise be collected from the eligible business by a dealer when a payment is made under the rental or license fee arrangement. However, payments by an eligible business to a dealer may not be reduced before October 1, 2018.
(a) If the total amount of credits an eligible business may take cannot be fully used within any period that a payment is due under the rental or license fee arrangement because of an insufficient amount of tax that the dealer would collect from the eligible business during that period, the unused amount may be carried forward for a period not to exceed 10 years.
(b) A tax credit may not be claimed on an amended return or through a refund.
(c) A dealer that claims a tax credit must file returns and pay taxes by electronic means under s. 213.755.
(d) An eligible business may not convey, assign, or transfer an approved tax credit or a carryforward tax credit to another entity unless all of the assets of the eligible business are conveyed, assigned, or transferred in the same transaction and the successor business continues the same lease with the dealer.
(e) Within any state fiscal year, an eligible business may rescind all or part of a tax credit approved under this section. The amount rescinded shall become available for that state fiscal year to another eligible business as approved by the department if the business receives notice from the department that the rescindment has been accepted by the department. Any amount rescinded under this subsection shall become available to an eligible business on a first-come, first-served basis based on tax credit applications received after the date the rescindment is accepted by the department.
(f) Within 10 days after the rescindment of a tax credit under paragraph (e) is accepted by the department, the department shall notify the eligible nonprofit scholarship-funding organization specified by the eligible business. The department shall also include the eligible nonprofit scholarship-funding organization specified by the eligible business on all letters or correspondence of acknowledgment for tax credits under this section.
(6) An organization shall report to the department, on or before the 20th day of each month, the total amount of contributions received pursuant to subsection (4) in the preceding calendar month on a form provided by the department. Such report shall include the amount of contributions received during that reporting period and the federal employer identification number of each dealer associated with the contribution.
(7)(a) Eligible contributions may be used to fund the program established under s. 1002.395.
(b) The organization shall separately account for each scholarship funded pursuant to this section.
(c) The organization may, subject to the limitations of s. 1002.395(6)(l)1., use eligible contributions received during the state fiscal year in which such contributions are collected for administrative expenses.
(8) The sum of tax credits that may be approved by the department in any state fiscal year is $57.5 million.
(9) For purposes of the distributions of tax revenue under s. 212.20, the department shall disregard any tax credits allowed under this section to ensure that any reduction in tax revenue received that is attributable to the tax credits results only in a reduction in distributions to the General Revenue Fund.
(10) The department may adopt rules to administer this section.
History.—s. 1, ch. 2018-6; s. 1, ch. 2019-23; s. 2, ch. 2023-16.
212.11 Tax returns and regulations.—
(1)(a) Each dealer shall calculate his or her estimated tax liability for any month by one of the following methods:
1. Sixty percent of the current month’s liability pursuant to this chapter as shown on the tax return;
2. Sixty percent of the tax reported on the tax return pursuant to this chapter by a dealer for the taxable transactions occurring during the corresponding month of the preceding calendar year; or
3. Sixty percent of the average tax liability pursuant to this chapter for those months during the preceding calendar year in which the dealer reported taxable transactions.
(b)1. For the purpose of ascertaining the amount of tax payable under this chapter, it shall be the duty of all dealers to file a return and remit the tax, on or before the 20th day of the month, to the department, upon forms prepared and furnished by it or in a format prescribed by it. Such return must show the rentals, admissions, gross sales, or purchases, as the case may be, arising from all leases, rentals, admissions, sales, or purchases taxable under this chapter during the preceding calendar month.
2. Notwithstanding subparagraph 1. and in addition to any extension or waiver ordered pursuant to s. 213.055, and except as provided in subparagraph 3., a dealer with a certificate of registration issued under s. 212.18 to engage in or conduct business in a county to which an emergency declaration applies in sub-subparagraph b. is granted an automatic 10-calendar-day extension after the due date for filing a return and remitting the tax if all of the following conditions are met:
a. The Governor has ordered or proclaimed a declaration of a state of emergency pursuant to s. 252.36.
b. The declaration is the first declaration for the event giving rise to the state of emergency or expands the counties covered by the initial state of emergency without extending or renewing the period of time covered by the first declaration of a state of emergency.
c. The first day of the period covered by the first declaration for the event giving rise to the state of emergency is within 5 business days before the 20th day of the month.
3. For purposes of subparagraph 2., a dealer who files a consolidated sales and use tax return will be considered to have a certificate of registration in a county to which an emergency declaration applies when the central or main office of the consolidated account is in a county to which an emergency declaration applies.
(c) However, the department may require:
1. A quarterly return and payment when the tax remitted by the dealer for the preceding four calendar quarters did not exceed $1,000.
2. A semiannual return and payment when the tax remitted by the dealer for the preceding four calendar quarters did not exceed $500.
3. An annual return and payment when the tax remitted by the dealer for the preceding four calendar quarters did not exceed $100.
4. A quarterly return and monthly payment when the tax remitted by the dealer for the preceding four calendar quarters exceeded $1,000 but did not exceed $12,000.
The department is authorized to allow a dealer filing returns and paying tax under subparagraph 1., subparagraph 2., subparagraph 3., or subparagraph 4. to continue to use the same filing frequency, even though the dealer has paid tax in a filing period that is greater than the maximum amount allowed for such period. The dealer must submit a written request to the department to be continued on the same filing frequency, and such request must be based on an explanation that the tax amount submitted represents nonrecurring business activity.
(d) The department may authorize dealers who are newly required to file returns and pay tax quarterly to file returns and remit the tax for the 3-month periods ending in February, May, August, and November, and may authorize dealers who are newly required to file returns and pay tax semiannually to file returns and remit the tax for the 6-month periods ending in May and November.
(e) The department shall accept returns, except those required to be initiated through an electronic data interchange, as timely if postmarked on or before the 20th day of the month; if the 20th day falls on a Saturday, Sunday, or federal or state legal holiday, returns shall be accepted as timely if postmarked on the next succeeding workday. Any dealer who operates two or more places of business for which returns are required to be filed with the department and maintains records for such places of business in a central office or place shall have the privilege on each reporting date of filing a consolidated return for all such places of business in lieu of separate returns for each such place of business; however, such consolidated returns must clearly indicate the amounts collected within each county of the state. Any dealer who files a consolidated return shall calculate his or her estimated tax liability for each county by the same method the dealer uses to calculate his or her estimated tax liability on the consolidated return as a whole. Each dealer shall file a return for each tax period even though no tax is due for such period.
(f)1. A taxpayer who is required to remit taxes by electronic funds transfer shall make a return in a manner that is initiated through an electronic data interchange. The acceptable method of transfer, the method, form, and content of the electronic data interchange, giving due regard to developing uniform standards for formats as adopted by the American National Standards Institute, the circumstances under which an electronic data interchange shall serve as a substitute for the filing of another form of return, and the means, if any, by which taxpayers will be provided with acknowledgments, shall be as prescribed by the department. The department must accept such returns as timely if initiated and accepted on or before the 20th day of the month. If the 20th day falls on a Saturday, Sunday, or federal or state legal holiday, returns must be accepted as timely if initiated and accepted on the next succeeding workday.
2. The department may waive the requirement to make a return through an electronic data interchange due to problems arising from the taxpayer’s computer capabilities, data systems changes, and taxpayer operating procedures. To obtain a waiver, the taxpayer shall demonstrate in writing to the department that such circumstances exist.
(2) Gross proceeds from rentals or leases of tangible personal property shall be reported and the tax shall be paid with respect thereto in accordance with such rules and regulations as the department may prescribe.
(3) Except as otherwise expressly provided for herein, it is hereby declared to be the intention of this chapter to impose a tax on the gross proceeds of all leases and rentals of tangible personal property in this state when the lease or rental is a part of the regularly established business, or the same is incidental or germane thereto.
(4)(a) Each dealer who is subject to the tax imposed by this chapter and who paid such tax for the preceding state fiscal year in an amount greater than or equal to $200,000 shall calculate the amount of estimated tax due pursuant to this section for any month as provided in paragraph (1)(a).
(b)1. The amount of any estimated tax shall be due, payable, and remitted by electronic funds transfer by the 20th day of the month for which it is estimated. The difference between the amount of estimated tax paid and the actual amount of tax due under this chapter for such month shall be due and payable by the first day of the following month and remitted by electronic funds transfer by the 20th day thereof.
2. Notwithstanding subparagraph 1. and in addition to any extension or waiver ordered pursuant to s. 213.055, and except as provided in subparagraph 3., a dealer with a certificate of registration issued under s. 212.18 to engage in or conduct business in a county to which an emergency declaration applies in sub-subparagraph b. is granted an automatic 10-calendar-day extension after the due date for filing a return and remitting the tax if all of the following conditions are met:
a. The Governor has ordered or proclaimed a declaration of a state of emergency pursuant to s. 252.36.
b. The declaration is the first declaration for the event giving rise to the state of emergency or expands the counties covered by the initial state of emergency without extending or renewing the period of time covered by the first declaration of a state of emergency.
c. The first day of the period covered by the first declaration for the event giving rise to the state of emergency is within 5 business days before the 20th day of the month.
3. For purposes of subparagraph 2., a dealer who files a consolidated sales and use tax return will be considered to have a certificate of registration in a county to which an emergency declaration applies when the central or main office of the consolidated account is in a county to which an emergency declaration applies.
(c) Any dealer who is eligible to file a consolidated return and who paid the tax imposed by this chapter for the immediately preceding state fiscal year in an amount greater than or equal to $200,000 or would have paid the tax in such amount if he or she had filed a consolidated return shall be subject to the provisions of this subsection notwithstanding an election by the dealer in any month to file a separate return.
(d) A dealer engaged in the business of selling boats, motor vehicles, or aircraft who made at least one sale of a boat, motor vehicle, or aircraft with a sales price of $200,000 or greater in the previous state fiscal year may qualify for payment of estimated sales tax pursuant to the provisions of this paragraph. To qualify, a dealer must apply annually to the department prior to October 1, and, if qualified, the department must grant the application for payment of estimated sales tax pursuant to this paragraph for the following calendar year. In lieu of the method for calculating estimated sales tax liability pursuant to subparagraph (1)(a)3., a qualified dealer must calculate that option as 60 percent of the average tax liability pursuant to this chapter for all sales excluding the sale of each boat, motor vehicle, or aircraft with a sales price of $200,000 or greater during the state fiscal year ending the year in which the application is made. A qualified dealer must also remit the sales tax for each sale of a boat, motor vehicle, or aircraft with a sales price of $200,000 or greater by either electronic funds transfer on the date of the sale or on a form prescribed by the department and postmarked on the date of the sale.
(e) The penalty provisions of this chapter, except s. 212.12(2)(f), apply to the provisions of this subsection.
(f) A marketplace provider that is a dealer under this chapter or a person who is required to collect and remit sales tax on remote sales shall file returns and pay taxes by electronic means under s. 213.755.
(5)(a) Each dealer that claims any credits granted in this chapter against that dealer’s sales and use tax liabilities shall submit to the department, upon request, documentation that provides all of the information required to verify the dealer’s entitlement to such credits, excluding credits authorized pursuant to the provisions of s. 212.17. All information must be broken down as prescribed by the department and shall be submitted in a manner that enables the department to verify that the credits are allowable by law. With respect to any credit that is granted in the form of a refund of previously paid taxes, supporting documentation must be provided with the application for refund and the penalty provisions of paragraph (c) do not apply.
(b) The department shall adopt rules regarding the forms and documentation required to verify credits against sales and use tax liabilities and the format in which documentation is to be submitted, which format may include magnetic tape or other means of electronic transmission.
(c) The department shall disallow any credit that is not supported by the information required under this subsection. In addition, the disallowed credit or any part of the credit disallowed is subject to a mandatory penalty of 25 percent and interest as provided for in s. 212.12. A specific penalty of 25 percent of the otherwise available credit shall be applied to any credit for which the required information report is not received within 30 days after a written request from the department.
History.—s. 11, ch. 26319, 1949; s. 10, ch. 26871, 1951; s. 2, ch. 57-398; s. 7, ch. 63-253; s. 5, ch. 65-371; s. 2, ch. 65-420; s. 7, ch. 67-180; s. 15, ch. 68-27; s. 19, ch. 69-222; ss. 21, 35, ch. 69-106; s. 1, ch. 73-85; s. 1, ch. 75-50; s. 2, ch. 78-59; s. 2, ch. 78-250; s. 5, ch. 81-319; ss. 57, 58, ch. 83-310; s. 19, ch. 84-549; ss. 13, 37, ch. 85-120; s. 1, ch. 85-142; s. 62, ch. 85-342; s. 75, ch. 86-152; s. 34, ch. 86-168; s. 16, ch. 87-6; s. 15, ch. 87-101; s. 3, ch. 87-239; s. 29, ch. 87-548; s. 25, ch. 90-132; ss. 172, 173, ch. 91-112; s. 11, ch. 94-353; s. 1499, ch. 95-147; s. 17, ch. 96-395; s. 30, ch. 96-397; s. 25, ch. 97-99; s. 2, ch. 97-221; s. 12, ch. 98-342; s. 15, ch. 99-208; s. 5, ch. 99-239; s. 16, ch. 2000-355; s. 25, ch. 2002-218; s. 15, ch. 2005-280; s. 10, ch. 2021-2; s. 31, ch. 2024-158.
212.12 Dealer’s credit for collecting tax; penalties for noncompliance; powers of Department of Revenue in dealing with delinquents; rounding; records required.—
(1)(a) Notwithstanding any other law and for the purpose of compensating persons granting licenses for and the lessors of real and personal property taxed hereunder, for the purpose of compensating dealers in tangible personal property, for the purpose of compensating dealers providing communication services and taxable services, for the purpose of compensating owners of places where admissions are collected, and for the purpose of compensating remitters of any taxes or fees reported on the same documents utilized for the sales and use tax, as compensation for the keeping of prescribed records, filing timely tax returns, and the proper accounting and remitting of taxes by them, such seller, person, lessor, dealer, owner, and remitter who files the return required pursuant to s. 212.11 only by electronic means and who pays the amount due on such return only by electronic means shall be allowed 2.5 percent of the amount of the tax due, accounted for, and remitted to the department in the form of a deduction. However, if the amount of the tax due and remitted to the department by electronic means for the reporting period exceeds $1,200, an allowance is not allowed for all amounts in excess of $1,200. For purposes of this paragraph, the term “electronic means” has the same meaning as provided in s. 213.755(2)(c).
(b) The Department of Revenue may deny the collection allowance if a taxpayer files an incomplete return or if the required tax return or tax is delinquent at the time of payment.
1. An “incomplete return” is, for purposes of this chapter, a return which is lacking such uniformity, completeness, and arrangement that the physical handling, verification, review of the return, or determination of other taxes and fees reported on the return may not be readily accomplished.
2. The department shall adopt rules requiring such information as it may deem necessary to ensure that the tax levied hereunder is properly collected, reviewed, compiled, reported, and enforced, including, but not limited to: the amount of gross sales; the amount of taxable sales; the amount of tax collected or due; the amount of lawful refunds, deductions, or credits claimed; the amount claimed as the dealer’s collection allowance; the amount of penalty and interest; the amount due with the return; and such other information as the Department of Revenue may specify. The department shall require that transient rentals and agricultural equipment transactions be separately shown. Sales made through vending machines as defined in s. 212.0515 must be separately shown on the return. Sales made through coin-operated amusement machines as defined by s. 212.02 and the number of machines operated must be separately shown on the return or on a form prescribed by the department. If a separate form is required, the same penalties for late filing, incomplete filing, or failure to file as provided for the sales tax return shall apply to the form.
(c) The collection allowance and other credits or deductions provided in this chapter shall be applied proportionally to any taxes or fees reported on the same documents used for the sales and use tax.
(d)1. A dealer entitled to the collection allowance provided in this section may elect to forego the collection allowance and direct that the amount be transferred into the Educational Enhancement Trust Fund. Such an election must be made with the timely filing of a return and may not be rescinded once made. If a dealer who makes such an election files a delinquent return, underpays the tax, or files an incomplete return, the amount transferred into the Educational Enhancement Trust Fund shall be the amount of the collection allowance remaining after resolution of liability for all of the tax, interest, and penalty due on that return or underpayment of tax. The Department of Education shall distribute the remaining amount from the trust fund to the school districts that have adopted resolutions stating that those funds will be used to ensure that up-to-date technology is purchased for the classrooms in the district and that teachers are trained in the use of that technology. Revenues collected in districts that do not adopt such a resolution shall be equally distributed to districts that have adopted such resolutions.
2. This paragraph applies to all taxes, surtaxes, and any local option taxes administered under this chapter and remitted directly to the department. This paragraph does not apply to a locally imposed and self-administered convention development tax, tourist development tax, or tourist impact tax administered under this chapter.
3. Revenues from the dealer-collection allowances shall be transferred quarterly from the General Revenue Fund to the Educational Enhancement Trust Fund. The Department of Revenue shall provide to the Department of Education quarterly information about such revenues by county to which the collection allowance was attributed.
Notwithstanding any provision of chapter 120 to the contrary, the Department of Revenue may adopt rules to carry out the amendment made by chapter 2006-52, Laws of Florida, to this section.
(2)(a) When any person required hereunder to make any return or to pay any tax or fee imposed by this chapter either fails to timely file such return or fails to pay the tax or fee shown due on the return within the time required hereunder, in addition to all other penalties provided herein and by the laws of this state in respect to such taxes or fees, a specific penalty shall be added to the tax or fee in the amount of 10 percent of either the tax or fee shown on the return that is not timely filed or any tax or fee not paid timely. The penalty may not be less than $50 for failure to timely file a tax return required by s. 212.11(1) or timely pay the tax or fee shown due on the return except as provided in s. 213.21(10). If a person fails to timely file a return required by s. 212.11(1) and to timely pay the tax or fee shown due on the return, only one penalty of 10 percent, which may not be less than $50, shall be imposed.
(b) When any person required under this section to make a return or to pay a tax or fee imposed by this chapter fails to disclose the tax or fee on the return within the time required, excluding a noncompliant filing event generated by situations covered in paragraph (a), in addition to all other penalties provided in this section and by the laws of this state in respect to such taxes or fees, a specific penalty shall be added to the additional tax or fee owed in the amount of 10 percent of any such unpaid tax or fee not paid timely if the failure is for not more than 30 days, with an additional 10 percent of any such unpaid tax or fee for each additional 30 days, or fraction thereof, while the failure continues, not to exceed a total penalty of 50 percent, in the aggregate, of any unpaid tax or fee.
(c) Any person who knowingly and with a willful intent to evade any tax imposed under this chapter fails to file six consecutive returns as required by law commits a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
(d) A person who makes a false or fraudulent return and who has a willful intent to evade payment of any tax or fee imposed under this chapter is liable for a specific penalty of 100 percent of any unreported tax or fee. This penalty is in addition to any other penalty provided by law. A person who makes a false or fraudulent return with a willful intent to evade payment of taxes or fees totaling:
1. Less than $300:
a. For a first offense, commits a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
b. For a second offense, commits a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
c. For a third or subsequent offense, commits a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.
2. An amount equal to $300 or more, but less than $20,000, commits a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.
3. An amount equal to $20,000 or more, but less than $100,000, commits a felony of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.
4. An amount equal to $100,000 or more, commits a felony of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.
(e) A person who willfully attempts in any manner to evade any tax, surcharge, or fee imposed under this chapter or the payment thereof is, in addition to any other penalties provided by law, liable for a specific penalty in the amount of 100 percent of the tax, surcharge, or fee, and commits a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.
(f) When any person, firm, or corporation fails to timely remit the proper estimated payment required under s. 212.11, a specific penalty shall be added in an amount equal to 10 percent of any unpaid estimated tax. Beginning with January 1, 1985, returns, the department, upon a showing of reasonable cause, is authorized to waive or compromise penalties imposed by this paragraph. However, other penalties and interest shall be due and payable if the return on which the estimated payment was due was not timely or properly filed.
(g) A dealer who files a consolidated return pursuant to s. 212.11(1)(e) is subject to the penalty established in paragraph (e) unless the dealer has paid the required estimated tax for his or her consolidated return as a whole without regard to each location. If the dealer fails to pay the required estimated tax for his or her consolidated return as a whole, each filing location shall stand on its own with respect to calculating penalties pursuant to paragraph (f).
(3) When any dealer, or other person charged herein, fails to remit the tax, or any portion thereof, on or before the day when such tax is required by law to be paid, there shall be added to the amount due interest at the rate of 1 percent per month of the amount due from the date due until paid. Interest on the delinquent tax shall be calculated beginning on the 21st day of the month following the month for which the tax is due, except as otherwise provided in this chapter.
(4) All penalties and interest imposed by this chapter shall be payable to and collectible by the department in the same manner as if they were a part of the tax imposed. The department may settle or compromise any such interest or penalties pursuant to s. 213.21.
(5)(a) The department is authorized to audit or inspect the records and accounts of dealers defined herein, including audits or inspections of dealers who make remote sales, and to correct by credit any overpayment of tax, and, in the event of a deficiency, an assessment shall be made and collected. No administrative finding of fact is necessary prior to the assessment of any tax deficiency.
(b) In the event any dealer or other person charged herein fails or refuses to make his or her records available for inspection so that no audit or examination has been made of the books and records of such dealer or person, fails or refuses to register as a dealer, fails to make a report and pay the tax as provided by this chapter, makes a grossly incorrect report or makes a report that is false or fraudulent, then, in such event, it shall be the duty of the department to make an assessment from an estimate based upon the best information then available to it for the taxable period of retail sales of such dealer, the gross proceeds from rentals, the total admissions received, amounts received from leases of tangible personal property by such dealer, or of the cost price of all articles of tangible personal property imported by the dealer for use or consumption or distribution or storage to be used or consumed in this state, or of the sales or cost price of all services the sale or use of which is taxable under this chapter, together with interest, plus penalty, if such have accrued, as the case may be. Then the department shall proceed to collect such taxes, interest, and penalty on the basis of such assessment which shall be considered prima facie correct, and the burden to show the contrary shall rest upon the dealer, seller, owner, or lessor, as the case may be.
(6)(a) The department is given the power to prescribe the records to be kept by all persons subject to taxes imposed by this chapter. It shall be the duty of every person required to make a report and pay any tax under this chapter, every person receiving rentals or license fees, and owners of places of admission, to keep and preserve suitable records of the sales, leases, rentals, license fees, admissions, or purchases, as the case may be, taxable under this chapter; such other books of account as may be necessary to determine the amount of the tax due hereunder; and other information as may be required by the department. It shall be the duty of every such person so charged with such duty, moreover, to keep and preserve as long as required by s. 213.35 all invoices and other records of goods, wares, and merchandise; records of admissions, leases, license fees and rentals; and records of all other subjects of taxation under this chapter. All such books, invoices, and other records shall be open to examination at all reasonable hours to the department or any of its duly authorized agents.
(b) For the purpose of this subsection, if a dealer does not have adequate records of his or her retail sales or purchases, the department may, upon the basis of a test or sampling of the dealer’s available records or other information relating to the sales or purchases made by such dealer for a representative period, determine the proportion that taxable retail sales bear to total retail sales or the proportion that taxable purchases bear to total purchases. This subsection does not affect the duty of the dealer to collect, or the liability of any consumer to pay, any tax imposed by or pursuant to this chapter.
(c)1. If the records of a dealer are adequate but voluminous in nature and substance, the department may sample such records and project the audit findings derived therefrom over the entire audit period to determine the proportion that taxable retail sales bear to total retail sales or the proportion that taxable purchases bear to total purchases. In order to conduct such a sample, the department must first make a good faith effort to reach an agreement with the dealer, which agreement provides for the means and methods to be used in the sampling process. In the event that no agreement is reached, the dealer is entitled to a review by the executive director. In the case of fixed assets, a dealer may agree in writing with the department for adequate but voluminous records to be statistically sampled. Such an agreement shall provide for the methodology to be used in the statistical sampling process. The audit findings derived therefrom shall be projected over the period represented by the sample in order to determine the proportion that taxable purchases bear to total purchases. Once an agreement has been signed, it is final and conclusive with respect to the method of sampling fixed assets, and the department may not conduct a detailed audit of fixed assets, and the taxpayer may not request a detailed audit after the agreement is reached.
2. For the purposes of sampling pursuant to subparagraph 1., the department shall project any deficiencies and overpayments derived therefrom over the entire audit period. In determining the dealer’s compliance, the department shall reduce any tax deficiency as derived from the sample by the amount of any overpayment derived from the sample. In the event the department determines from the sample results that the dealer has a net tax overpayment, the department shall provide the findings of this overpayment to the Chief Financial Officer for repayment of funds paid into the State Treasury through error pursuant to s. 215.26.
3.a. A taxpayer is entitled, both in connection with an audit and in connection with an application for refund filed independently of any audit, to establish the amount of any refund or deficiency through statistical sampling when the taxpayer’s records are adequate but voluminous. In the case of fixed assets, a dealer may agree in writing with the department for adequate but voluminous records to be statistically sampled. Such an agreement shall provide for the methodology to be used in the statistical sampling process. The audit findings derived therefrom shall be projected over the period represented by the sample in order to determine the proportion that taxable purchases bear to total purchases. Once an agreement has been signed, it is final and conclusive with respect to the method of sampling fixed assets, and the department may not conduct a detailed audit of fixed assets, and the taxpayer may not request a detailed audit after the agreement is reached.
b. Alternatively, a taxpayer is entitled to establish any refund or deficiency through any other sampling method agreed upon by the taxpayer and the department when the taxpayer’s records, other than those regarding fixed assets, are adequate but voluminous. Whether done through statistical sampling or any other sampling method agreed upon by the taxpayer and the department, the completed sample must reflect both overpayments and underpayments of taxes due. The sample shall be conducted through:
(I) A taxpayer request to perform the sampling through the certified audit program pursuant to s. 213.285;
(II) Attestation by a certified public accountant as to the adequacy of the sampling method utilized and the results reached using such sampling method; or
(III) A sampling method that has been submitted by the taxpayer and approved by the department before a refund claim is submitted. This sub-sub-subparagraph does not prohibit a taxpayer from filing a refund claim prior to approval by the department of the sampling method; however, a refund claim submitted before the sampling method has been approved by the department cannot be a complete refund application pursuant to s. 213.255 until the sampling method has been approved by the department.
c. The department shall prescribe by rule the procedures to be followed under each method of sampling. Such procedures shall follow generally accepted auditing procedures for sampling. The rule shall also set forth other criteria regarding the use of sampling, including, but not limited to, training requirements that must be met before a sampling method may be utilized and the steps necessary for the department and the taxpayer to reach agreement on a sampling method submitted by the taxpayer for approval by the department.
(7) In the event the dealer has imported tangible personal property and he or she fails to produce an invoice showing the cost price of the articles, as defined in this chapter, which are subject to tax, or the invoice does not reflect the true or actual cost price as defined herein, then the department shall ascertain, in any manner feasible, the true cost price, and assess and collect the tax thereon with interest plus penalties, if such have accrued on the true cost price as assessed by it. The assessment so made shall be considered prima facie correct, and the duty shall be on the dealer to show to the contrary.
(8) In the case of the lease or rental of tangible personal property, or other rentals or license fees as herein defined and taxed, if the consideration given or reported by the lessor, person receiving rental or license fee, or dealer does not, in the judgment of the department, represent the true or actual consideration, then the department is authorized to ascertain the same and assess and collect the tax thereon in the same manner as above provided, with respect to imported tangible property, together with interest, plus penalties, if such have accrued.
(9) Taxes imposed by this chapter upon the privilege of the use, consumption, storage for consumption, or sale of tangible personal property, admissions, license fees, rentals, and upon the sale or use of services as herein taxed shall be collected upon the basis of an addition of the tax imposed by this chapter to the total price of such admissions, license fees, rentals, or services, or sale price of such article or articles that are purchased, sold, or leased at any one time by or to a customer or buyer; the dealer, or person charged herein, is required to pay a privilege tax in the amount of the tax imposed by this chapter on the total of his or her gross sales of tangible personal property, admissions, license fees, and rentals or to collect a tax upon the sale or use of services, and such person or dealer shall add the tax imposed by this chapter to the price, license fee, rental, admissions, or services and collect the total sum from the purchaser, admittee, licensee, lessee, or consumer.
(10)(a) A dealer must calculate the tax due on the privilege of the use, consumption, storage for consumption, or sale of tangible personal property, admissions, license fees, rentals, and upon the sale or use of services, based on a rounding algorithm that meets the following criteria:
1. The computation of the tax must be carried to the third decimal place.
2. The tax must be rounded to the whole cent using a method that rounds up to the next cent whenever the third decimal place is greater than four.
(b) A dealer may apply the rounding algorithm to the aggregate tax amount computed on all taxable items on an invoice or to the taxable amount on each individual item on the invoice.
(11) It is hereby declared to be the legislative intent that, whenever in the construction, administration, or enforcement of this chapter there may be any question respecting a duplication of the tax, the end consumer, or last retail sale, be the sale intended to be taxed and insofar as may be practicable there be no duplication or pyramiding of the tax.
(12) In order to aid the administration and enforcement of the provisions of this chapter with respect to the rentals and license fees, each lessor or person granting the use of any hotel, apartment house, roominghouse, tourist or trailer camp, real property, or any interest therein, or any portion thereof, inclusive of owners; property managers; lessors; landlords; hotel, apartment house, and roominghouse operators; and all licensed real estate agents within the state leasing, granting the use of, or renting such property, shall be required to keep a record of each and every such lease, license, or rental transaction which is taxable under this chapter, in such a manner and upon such forms as the department may prescribe, and to report such transaction to the department or its designated agents, and to maintain such records as long as required by s. 213.35, subject to the inspection of the department and its agents. Upon the failure by such owner; property manager; lessor; landlord; hotel, apartment house, roominghouse, tourist or trailer camp operator; or real estate agent to keep and maintain such records and to make such reports upon the forms and in the manner prescribed, such owner; property manager; lessor; landlord; hotel, apartment house, roominghouse, tourist or trailer camp operator; receiver of rent or license fees; or real estate agent is guilty of a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083, for the first offense; for subsequent offenses, they are each guilty of a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083. If, however, any subsequent offense involves intentional destruction of such records with an intent to evade payment of or deprive the state of any tax revenues, such subsequent offense shall be a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
History.—s. 12, ch. 26319, 1949; s. 11, ch. 26871, 1951; s. 3, ch. 57-109; s. 3, ch. 57-398; s. 4, ch. 61-276; s. 7, ch. 63-253; s. 10, ch. 65-329; s. 5, ch. 65-371; s. 2, ch. 65-420; s. 8, ch. 67-180; s. 13, ch. 68-27; s. 17, ch. 69-222; ss. 21, 35, ch. 69-106; s. 125, ch. 71-136; s. 10, ch. 76-261; s. 3, ch. 76-284; s. 3, ch. 78-59; s. 10, ch. 81-178; s. 2, ch. 81-221; s. 6, ch. 81-319; s. 8, ch. 82-154; s. 73, ch. 83-217; s. 9, ch. 83-297; s. 59, ch. 83-310; s. 7, ch. 84-324; s. 20, ch. 84-549; s. 2, ch. 85-142; s. 63, ch. 85-342; s. 76, ch. 86-152; s. 7, ch. 86-166; ss. 17, 88, ch. 87-6; s. 6, ch. 87-99; ss. 16, 56, ch. 87-101; s. 8, ch. 87-402; ss. 30, 31, 32, ch. 87-548; s. 12, ch. 88-119; s. 74, ch. 88-130; s. 27, ch. 90-132; ss. 32, 169, ch. 91-112; s. 240, ch. 91-224; s. 14, ch. 92-319; s. 19, ch. 92-320; s. 24, ch. 94-314; s. 1500, ch. 95-147; s. 31, ch. 96-397; s. 26, ch. 97-99; s. 13, ch. 98-342; s. 79, ch. 99-2; s. 14, ch. 99-208; s. 3, ch. 2000-276; s. 17, ch. 2000-355; ss. 26, 28, ch. 2002-218; s. 20, ch. 2003-254; s. 187, ch. 2003-261; s. 3, ch. 2005-197; s. 16, ch. 2005-280; ss. 1, 2, 4, ch. 2006-52; s. 25, ch. 2007-106; s. 2, ch. 2012-145; s. 10, ch. 2014-38; s. 4, ch. 2014-40; s. 37, ch. 2018-118; s. 11, ch. 2021-2.
212.13 Records required to be kept; power to inspect; audit procedure.—
(1) For the purpose of enforcing the collection of the tax levied by this chapter, the department is hereby specifically authorized and empowered to examine at all reasonable hours the books, records, and other documents of all transportation companies, agencies, or firms that conduct their business by truck, rail, water, aircraft, or otherwise, in order to determine what dealers, or other persons charged with the duty to report or pay a tax under this chapter, are importing or are otherwise shipping in articles or tangible personal property which are liable for said tax. In the event said transportation company, agency, or firm refuses to permit such examination of its books, records, or other documents by the department as aforesaid, it is guilty of a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083. If, however, any subsequent offense involves intentional destruction of such records with an intent to evade payment of or deprive the state of any tax revenues, such subsequent offense shall be a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083. The department shall have the right to proceed in any chancery court to seek a mandatory injunction or other appropriate remedy to enforce its right against the offender, as granted by this section, to require an examination of the books and records of such transportation company or carrier.
(2) Each dealer, as defined in this chapter, shall secure, maintain, and keep as long as required by s. 213.35 a complete record of tangible personal property or services received, used, sold at retail, distributed or stored, leased or rented by said dealer, together with invoices, bills of lading, gross receipts from such sales, and other pertinent records and papers as may be required by the department for the reasonable administration of this chapter. All such records must be made available to the department at reasonable times and places and by reasonable means, including in an electronic format when so kept by the dealer. Any dealer subject to this chapter who violates this subsection commits a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083. If, however, any subsequent offense involves intentional destruction of such records with an intent to evade payment of or deprive the state of any tax revenues, such subsequent offense is a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
(3) For the purpose of enforcement of this chapter, every manufacturer and seller of tangible personal property or services licensed within this state is required to permit the department to examine his or her books and records at all reasonable hours, and, upon his or her refusal, the department may require him or her to permit such examination by resort to the circuit courts of this state, subject however to the right of removal of the cause to the judicial circuit wherein such person’s business is located or wherein such person’s books and records are kept, provided further that such person’s books and records are kept within the state. When the dealer has made an allocation or attribution pursuant to the definition of sales price in s. 212.02(16), the department may prescribe by rule the books and records that must be made available during an audit of the dealer’s books and records and examples of methods for determining the reasonableness thereof. Books and records kept in the regular course of business include, but are not limited to, general ledgers, price lists, cost records, customer billings, billing system reports, tariffs, and other regulatory filings and rules of regulatory authorities. Such record may be required to be made available to the department in an electronic format when so kept by the dealer. The dealer may support the allocation of charges with books and records kept in the regular course of business covering the dealer’s entire service area, including territories outside this state. During an audit, the department may reasonably require production of any additional books and records found necessary to assist in its determination.
(4) For the further purpose of enforcement of this chapter, every wholesaler of tangible personal property or services licensed within this state is required to permit the department to examine his or her books and records at all reasonable hours. He or she must also maintain such books and records as long as required by s. 213.35 in order to disclose the sales of all goods or services sold, to whom sold, and also the amount of items sold, in such form and in such manner as the department may reasonably require, so as to permit the department to determine the volume of goods or services sold by wholesalers to dealers, as defined under this chapter, and the dates and amounts of sales made. The department may require any manufacturer or wholesaler who refuses to keep such records or to permit such inspection, through the circuit courts of Florida, to submit to such inspection, subject however to the right of removal of the cause as hereinbefore provided in this section.
(5)(a) The department shall send written notification at least 60 days prior to the date an auditor is scheduled to begin an audit, informing the taxpayer of the audit. The department is not required to give 60 days’ prior notification of a forthcoming audit in any instance in which the taxpayer requests an emergency audit.
(b) Such written notification shall contain:
1. The approximate date on which the auditor is scheduled to begin the audit.
2. A reminder that all of the records, receipts, invoices, resale certificates, and related documentation of the taxpayer must be made available to the auditor.
3. Any other requests or suggestions the department may deem necessary.
(c) Only records, receipts, invoices, resale certificates, and related documentation which are available to the auditor when such audit begins shall be deemed acceptable for the purposes of conducting such audit. A resale certificate containing a date prior to the date the audit commences shall be deemed acceptable documentation of the specific transaction or transactions which occurred in the past, for the purpose of conducting an audit.
(d) The provisions of this chapter concerning fraudulent or improper records, receipts, invoices, resale certificates, and related documentation shall apply when conducting any audit.
(e) The requirement in paragraph (a) of 60 days’ written notification does not apply to the distress or jeopardy situations referred to in s. 212.14 or s. 212.15.
(6) Any fair association subject to chapter 616 which leases or licenses its real property to, or allows its assets or property to be used by, any concessionaire, vendor, exhibitor, or licensee shall distribute to the concessionaire, vendor, exhibitor, or licensee a form suggested by the department which requests, at a minimum, the name, business address, and telephone number of the concessionaire, vendor, exhibitor, or licensee; its sales tax registration number; and the amount of the daily revenue that it receives as a result of activities and sales on the fairgrounds or as a result of the use of the assets or other property of the fair association. Each vendor, concessionaire, exhibitor, or licensee that uses a fair association’s real property or other assets shall complete and submit such a form to the management of the fair association daily within 24 hours after the close of a day’s business, and the fair association shall make the completed forms available to the department as requested by the department. The failure of a vendor, concessionaire, exhibitor, or licensee to complete and submit such a form must be reported to the department by the fair association within 24 hours after the form becomes due. This subsection does not require the fair association to be responsible for collecting or remitting the tax owed by any such concessionaire, vendor, exhibitor, or licensee.
History.—s. 13, ch. 26319, 1949; s. 4, ch. 57-109; s. 1, ch. 59-290; s. 5, ch. 61-276; s. 7, ch. 63-253; s. 11, ch. 65-329; s. 5, ch. 65-371; s. 2, ch. 65-420; s. 9, ch. 67-180; ss. 21, 35, ch. 69-106; s. 126, ch. 71-136; s. 1, ch. 82-75; ss. 18, 89, ch. 87-6; s. 57, ch. 87-101; s. 13, ch. 88-119; s. 22, ch. 91-224; s. 1118, ch. 95-147; s. 164, ch. 96-320; s. 16, ch. 99-208; s. 17, ch. 2005-187; s. 22, ch. 2021-31.
212.133 Information reports required for sales of alcoholic beverages and tobacco products.—
(1)(a) For the sole purpose of enforcing the collection of the tax levied by this chapter on retail sales, the department shall require every seller of alcoholic beverages or tobacco products to file an information report of any sales of those products to any retailer in this state.
(b) As used in this section, the term:
1. “Retailer” means a person engaged in the business of making sales at retail and who holds a license pursuant to chapters 561 through 565 or a permit pursuant to chapters 210 and 569.
2. “Seller” means any manufacturer, wholesaler, or distributor of alcoholic beverages or tobacco products who sells to a retailer in this state.
(2)(a) The information report must be filed electronically by using the department’s e-filing website or secure file transfer protocol or electronic data interchange files with the department’s e-filing provider. The information report must contain:
1. The seller’s name.
2. The seller’s beverage license or tobacco permit number.
3. The retailer’s name.
4. The retailer’s beverage license or tobacco permit number.
5. The retailer’s address, including street address, municipality, state, and five-digit zip code.
6. The general item type, such as cigarettes, cigars, tobacco, beer, wine, spirits, or any combination of those items.
7. The net monthly sales total, in dollars sold to each retailer.
(b) The department may annually waive the requirement to submit the information report through an electronic data interchange due to problems arising from the seller’s computer capabilities, data system changes, or operating procedures. The annual request for a waiver must be in writing, and the seller must demonstrate that such circumstances exist. A waiver under this paragraph does not operate to relieve the seller from the obligation to file an information report.
(3) The information report must contain the required information for the period from July 1 through June 30. The information report is due annually on July 1 for the preceding reporting period and is delinquent if not received by the department by September 30.
(4) Any seller who fails to provide the information report by September 30 is subject to a penalty of $1,000 for every month, or part thereof, the report is not provided, up to a maximum amount of $10,000. This penalty must be settled or compromised if it is determined by the department that the noncompliance is due to reasonable cause and not to willful negligence, willful neglect, or fraud.
History.—s. 2, ch. 2011-86.
212.134 Information returns relating to payment-card and third party network transactions.—
(1) As used in this section, the term:
(a) “Participating payee” has the same meaning as in s. 6050W of the Internal Revenue Code.
(b) “Return” or “information return” means the Form 1099-K required under s. 6050W of the Internal Revenue Code.
(c) “Third party network transaction” has the same meaning as in s. 6050W of the Internal Revenue Code.
(d) “Third party settlement organization” has the same meaning as in s. 6050W of the Internal Revenue Code.
(2) For each year in which a payment settlement entity, an electronic payment facilitator, or other third party contracted with the payment settlement entity to make payments to settle reportable payment transactions on behalf of the payment settlement entity must file a return pursuant to s. 6050W of the Internal Revenue Code, for participating payees with an address in this state, the entity, the facilitator, or the third party must submit the information in the return to the department by the 30th day after filing the federal return. The format of the information returns required must be either a copy of such information returns or a copy of such information returns related to participating payees with an address in the state. For purposes of this subsection, the term “payment settlement entity” has the same meaning as provided in s. 6050W of the Internal Revenue Code.
(3) All reports of returns submitted to the department under this section must be in an electronic format.
(4) Any payment settlement entity, facilitator, or third party failing to file the information return required, filing an incomplete information return, or not filing an information return within the time prescribed is subject to a penalty of $1,000 for each failure, if the failure is for not more than 30 days, with an additional $1,000 for each month or fraction of a month during which each failure continues. The total amount of penalty imposed on a reporting entity may not exceed $10,000 annually.
(5) The executive director or his or her designee may waive the penalty if he or she determines that the failure to timely file an information return was due to reasonable cause and not due to willful negligence, willful neglect, or fraud.
(6) All third party settlement organizations that conduct transactions involving a participating payee with an address in this state and that have a contractual obligation with such participating payee to make payment to the organizations shall create a mechanism for senders of payments to identify whether a payment to a payee is for goods and services or is personal. The mechanism must clearly indicate the sender’s requirement to indicate the appropriate transaction type. The sender of the payment is responsible for indicating the appropriate transaction type. All third party settlement organizations shall maintain records that clearly identify whether a transaction, as designated by the sender of the payment, is a transaction for goods and services or is personal. The information in the return submitted to the department under subsection (2) for such entities must be limited to transactions for goods and services.
(7) Notwithstanding this section, subsection (6) does not apply to a third party settlement organization if a contractual agreement or arrangement to provide a third party payment network to a participating payee requires the third party settlement organization solely to settle third party network transactions for the provision of goods and services.
History.—s. 20, ch. 2020-10; s. 1, ch. 2024-139.
212.14 Departmental powers; hearings; distress warrants; bonds; subpoenas and subpoenas duces tecum.—
(1) Any person required to pay a tax imposed under this chapter, or to make a return, either or both, and who renders a return or makes a payment of a tax with intent to deceive or defraud the state, and to prevent the state from collecting the amount of taxes imposed by this chapter, or otherwise fails to comply with the provisions of this chapter for the taxable period for which any return is made, or any tax is paid, or any report is made to the department, may be required by the department to show cause at a time and place to be set by the department, after 10 days’ notice in writing requiring such books, records, or papers as the department may require relating to the business of such person for such tax period, and the department may require such person, or persons, or their employee or employees to give testimony under oath and answer interrogatories by the department, or an assistant, respecting the sale, use, consumption, distribution, or storage rental or license for use of real or personal property or services within the state, or admissions collected therein, or the failure to make a true report thereof, as provided by this chapter, or failure to pay the true amount of the tax required to be paid under this chapter. At said hearing, in the event such person fails to produce such books, records, or papers, or to appear and answer questions within the scope of investigation relating to matters concerning taxes to be imposed under this chapter, or prevents or impedes his or her agents or employees from giving testimony, then the department is authorized under this chapter to estimate any unpaid deficiencies in taxes to be assessed against such person upon such information as may be available to it and to issue a distress warrant for the collection of such taxes, interest, or penalties estimated by him or her to be due and payable, and such assessment shall be deemed prima facie correct. In such cases said warrant shall be issued to any sheriff in the state where such person owns or possesses any property and such property as may be required to satisfy any such taxes, interest, or penalties shall be by such sheriff seized and sold under said distress warrant in the same manner as property is permitted to be seized and sold under distress warrants issued to secure the payments of delinquent taxes as hereinafter provided, and the department shall also have the right to writ of garnishment to subject any indebtedness due to the delinquent dealer by a third person in any goods, money, chattels, or effects of the delinquent dealer in the hands, possession, or control of the third person in the manner provided by law. Respecting the place for the holding of a hearing by the department or its agents as provided in this section, the person whose tax return or report being investigated may by written request to the department require the hearing be set at a place within the judicial circuit of Florida wherein the person’s business is located or within the judicial circuit of Florida wherein such person’s books and records are kept. If there is jeopardy to the revenue and jeopardy is asserted in or with an assessment, the department shall proceed in the manner specified for jeopardy assessment in s. 213.732.
(2) Wherever returns are required to be made to the department hereunder the full amount of the taxes required to be paid as shown by said return shall be paid and accompany said return, and the failure to remit said full amount of taxes at the time of making said return shall cause said taxes to become delinquent. All taxes and all interest and penalties imposed under this chapter shall be paid to the department at Tallahassee, or to such designated offices throughout the state as the department may from time to time designate and in the form of remittance required by it.
(3) The department may require all reports of taxes to be paid under this chapter to be accompanied with a written statement, of the person or by an officer of any firm or corporation required to pay such taxes setting forth such facts as the department may reasonably require in order to advise the department as to the amount of taxes that are due and payable upon said return. Filing of return not accompanied by payment is prima facie evidence of conversion of the money due. Any person or any duly authorized corporation officer or agent, members of any firm or incorporated society, or organization who refuses to make a return and pay the taxes due, as required by the department and in the manner and in the form that the department may require, or to state in writing that the return is correct to the best of his or her knowledge and belief, as so required by the department, shall be subject to a penalty of 6 percent per annum of the amount due and shall upon conviction, be guilty of a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083. The signing of a written return shall have the same legal effect as if made under oath without the necessity of appending such oath thereto.
(4) In all cases where it is necessary to ensure compliance with this chapter, the department shall require a cash deposit, bond, or other security as a condition to a person obtaining or retaining a dealer’s certificate of registration under this chapter. Such bond must be in the form and amount the department deems appropriate under the particular circumstances. A person failing to produce such cash deposit, bond, or other security is not entitled to obtain or retain a dealer’s certificate of registration under this chapter, and the Department of Legal Affairs is hereby authorized to proceed by injunction, if requested by the Department of Revenue, to prevent such person from doing business subject to this chapter until such cash deposit, bond, or other security is posted with the department, and any temporary injunction for this purpose may be granted by any judge or chancellor authorized by law to grant injunctions. Any security required to be deposited may be sold by the department at public sale if necessary in order to recover any tax, interest, or penalty due. Notice of such sale may be served personally or by mail upon the person who deposited the security. If by mail, notice sent to the last known address as it appears on the records of the department is sufficient for the purpose of this requirement. Upon such sale, the surplus, if any, above the amount due under this chapter shall be returned to the person who deposited the security. The department may adopt rules necessary to administer this subsection. For the purpose of the cash deposit, bond, or other security required by this subsection, the term “person” includes:
(a) Those entities listed in s. 212.02(12).
(b) An individual or entity owning a controlling interest in a business.
(c) An individual or entity that acquired an ownership interest or a controlling interest in a business that would otherwise be liable for posting a cash deposit, bond, or other security, unless the department has determined that the individual or entity is not liable for the taxes, interest, or penalties described in s. 213.758.
(d) An individual or entity seeking to obtain a dealer’s certificate of registration for a business that will be operated at the same location as a previous business that would otherwise have been liable for posting a cash deposit, bond, or other security, if the individual or entity fails to provide evidence that the business was acquired for consideration in an arms-length transaction.
(5) Any person entering into a contract for the repair, alteration, construction, or improvement of realty who is required to obtain a contractor’s occupational license under the laws of this state shall, before entering into the performance of such contract, secure a dealer’s certificate of registration, unless such person has held such contractor’s occupational license for a period of at least 12 months immediately preceding the date of the contract. As a prerequisite for the issuance of such dealer’s certificate of registration, the dealer shall execute and file with the department a good and valid bond endorsed by a surety company authorized to do business in this state, or with sufficient sureties to be approved by the department, conditioned that all taxes which may accrue to the state under this chapter will be paid when due; provided, however, that any taxpayer may pay the tax in advance on any contract in lieu of furnishing bond. Every person failing to procure the certificate of registration required by this law shall be denied the right to perform such contract until he or she complies with such requirement, and the Department of Legal Affairs is hereby authorized to proceed by injunction, when so requested by the Department of Revenue, to prevent any activity in the performance of such contract until the certificate of registration is secured, and any temporary injunction enjoining the execution of such contract may be granted without notice by any judge or chancellor now authorized by law to grant injunctions. The bond shall remain in full force and effect during the terms of the contract or until such time as the department has issued a formal certificate of clearance stating that the tax due on the contract has been paid.
(6) The department or any person authorized by it in writing is authorized to make and sign assessments, tax warrants, assignments of tax warrants and satisfaction of tax warrants.
(7)(a) For purposes of collection and enforcement of taxes, penalties, and interest levied under this chapter, the department may issue subpoenas or subpoenas duces tecum compelling the attendance and testimony of witnesses and the production of books, records, written materials, and electronically recorded information. Subpoenas shall be issued with the written and signed approval of the executive director or his or her designee on written and sworn application by any employee of the department. The application must set forth the reason for the application, the name of the person subpoenaed, the time and place of appearance of the witness, and a description of any books, records, or electronically recorded information to be produced, together with a statement by the applicant that the department has unsuccessfully attempted other reasonable means of securing information and that the testimony of the witness or the written or electronically recorded materials sought in the subpoena are necessary for the collection of taxes, penalty, or interest or the enforcement of the taxes levied under this chapter. A subpoena shall be served in the manner provided by law and by the Florida Rules of Civil Procedure and shall be returnable only during regular business hours and at least 20 calendar days after the date of service of the subpoena. Any subpoena to which this subsection applies shall identify the taxpayer to whom the subpoena relates and to whom the records pertain and shall provide other information to enable the person subpoenaed to locate the records required under the subpoena. The department shall give notice to the taxpayer to whom the subpoena relates within 3 days of the day on which the service of the subpoena is made. Within 14 days after service of the subpoena, the person to whom the subpoena is directed may serve written objection to inspection or copying of any of the designated materials. If objection is made, the department shall not be entitled to inspect and copy the materials, except pursuant to an order of the circuit court. If an objection is made, the department may petition any circuit court for an order to comply with the subpoena. The subpoena shall contain a written notice of the right to object to the subpoena. Every subpoena served upon the witness or records custodian must be accompanied by a copy of the provisions of this subsection. If a person refuses to obey a subpoena or subpoena duces tecum, the department may apply to any circuit court of this state to enforce compliance with the subpoena. Witnesses shall be paid mileage and witness fees as authorized for witnesses in civil cases.
(b)1. If any subpoena is served on any person who is a third-party recordkeeper, and the subpoena requires the production of any portion of records made or kept of the business transactions or affairs of any person other than the person subpoenaed who is identified in the description of the record contained in the subpoena, then notice of the subpoena shall be given to any person to whom the records pertain and the taxpayer to whom the subpoena relates within 3 days of the day on which the service on the third-party recordkeeper is made. The notice shall be accompanied by a copy of the subpoena which has been served and shall contain directions for staying compliance with the subpoena under subparagraph (c)2.
2. The notice shall be sufficient if, on or before the third day, the notice is delivered in hand to the person entitled to notice or is mailed by certified or registered mail to the last mailing address of the person or, in the absence of a last known address, is left with the person subpoenaed.
3. For purposes of this subsection, “third-party recordkeeper” means:
a. Any mutual savings bank, cooperative bank, domestic building and loan association, or other savings institution chartered and supervised as a savings and loan or similar association under federal or state law; a bank as defined in s. 581 of the Internal Revenue Code; or any credit union within the meaning of s. 501(c)(14)(A) of the Internal Revenue Code;
b. Any consumer reporting agency as defined under s. 603(f) of the Fair Credit Reporting Act, 15 U.S.C. s. 1681a(f);
c. Any person extending credit through the use of credit cards or similar devices;
d. Any broker as defined in s. 3(a)(4) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, 15 U.S.C. s. 78c(a)(4);
e. Any attorney;
f. Any accountant;
g. Any barter exchange as defined in s. 6045(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code; or
h. Any regulated investment company as defined in s. 851 of the Internal Revenue Code.
4. This paragraph does not apply to a subpoena served on the person with respect to whose liability the subpoena is issued or an officer or employee of the person; or to a subpoena to determine whether or not records of the business transactions or affairs of an identified person have been made or kept; or to a subpoena described in paragraph (f).
(c)1. Notwithstanding any other law or rule of law, a person who is entitled to notice of a subpoena under paragraph (b) and the taxpayer to whom the subpoena relates shall have the right to intervene in any proceeding with respect to the enforcement of the subpoena under paragraph (a).
2. Notwithstanding any other law or rule of law, a person who is entitled to notice of a subpoena under paragraph (b) and the taxpayer to whom the subpoena relates shall have the right to stay compliance with the subpoena if, not later than the 14th day after the day the notice is given in the manner provided in subparagraph (b)2.:
a. Notice in writing is given to the person subpoenaed not to comply with the subpoena.
b. A copy of the notice not to comply with the subpoena is mailed by registered or certified mail to the person and to the department.
c. Suit is filed against the department in the circuit court to stay compliance with the subpoena.
(d) No examination of any records required to be produced under a subpoena as to which notice is required under paragraph (b) may be made:
1. Before the expiration of the 14-day period allowed for the notice not to comply under subparagraph (c)2.; or
2. When the requirements of subparagraph (c)2. have been met, except in accordance with an order issued by the circuit court authorizing examination of the records or with the consent of the person staying compliance.
(e) Any subpoena issued under paragraph (a) that does not identify the person with respect to whose liability the subpoena is issued may be served only after a proceeding in any circuit court in which the department establishes that:
1. The subpoena relates to the investigation of a particular person or ascertainable group or class of persons.
2. There is reasonable basis for believing that the person or group or class of persons may fail or may have failed to comply with any provision of state law.
3. The information sought to be obtained from the examination of the records and the identity of the person or persons with respect to whose liability the subpoena is issued is not readily available from other sources.
(f) In the case of a subpoena issued under paragraph (a), the provisions of subparagraph (b)1. and paragraph (c) do not apply if, upon petition by the department, a circuit court determines, on the basis of the facts and circumstances alleged, that there is reasonable cause to believe the giving of notice may lead to attempts to conceal, destroy, or alter records relevant to the examination, to prevent the communication of information from other persons through intimidation, bribery, or collusion, or to flee to avoid prosecution, testifying, or production of records.
(g)1. Any circuit court has jurisdiction to hear and determine proceedings brought under paragraph (e) or paragraph (f). The determinations required to be made under paragraphs (e) and (f) shall be ex parte and shall be made solely upon the petition and supporting affidavits. An order denying the petition shall be deemed a final order that may be appealed.
2. Except for cases the court considers of greater importance, any proceeding brought for the enforcement of any subpoena, or a proceeding under this subsection, and appeals, take precedence on the docket over all cases and shall be assigned for hearing and decided at the earliest practicable date.
(h) The department shall by rule establish the rates and conditions for payments to reimburse reasonably necessary costs directly incurred by third-party recordkeepers in searching for, reproducing, or transporting books, papers, records, or other data required to be produced by subpoena upon request of the department. The reimbursement shall be in addition to mileage and fees paid under paragraph (a).
(i)1. Except as provided in subparagraph 2., an action initiated in circuit court pursuant to this subsection shall be filed in the circuit court in the county where:
a. The taxpayer to whom the subpoena relates resides or maintains his or her principal commercial domicile in this state;
b. The person subpoenaed resides or maintains his or her principal commercial domicile in this state; or
c. The person to whom the records pertain resides or maintains his or her principal commercial domicile in this state.
2. Venue in an action initiated in circuit court pursuant to this subsection by a person who is not a resident of this state or does not maintain a commercial domicile in this state shall be in Leon County.
3. Venue in an action initiated in circuit court pursuant to paragraph (e) shall be in the Second Judicial Circuit Court in and for Leon County.
History.—s. 14, ch. 26319, 1949; s. 9, ch. 29883, 1955; s. 24, ch. 57-1; s. 1, ch. 57-109; s. 2, ch. 59-426; ss. 1, 2, 3, ch. 59-449; s. 6, ch. 61-276; s. 7, ch. 63-253; s. 12, ch. 65-329; s. 5, ch. 65-371; s. 2, ch. 65-420; s. 1, ch. 65-2444; s. 11, ch. 67-180; ss. 11, 21, 35, ch. 69-106; s. 127, ch. 71-136; s. 2, ch. 73-240; s. 48, ch. 85-342; s. 77, ch. 86-152; ss. 19, 58, 90, ch. 87-6; s. 58, ch. 87-101; s. 23, ch. 91-224; s. 11, ch. 92-173; s. 13, ch. 92-315; s. 12, ch. 93-233; s. 1119, ch. 95-147; s. 10, ch. 97-99; s. 5, ch. 2014-40.
212.15 Taxes declared state funds; penalties for failure to remit taxes; due and delinquent dates; judicial review.—
(1) The taxes imposed by this chapter shall, except as provided in s. 212.06(5)(a)2.e., become state funds at the moment of collection and shall for each month be due to the department on the first day of the succeeding month and be delinquent on the 21st day of such month. All returns postmarked after the 20th day of such month are delinquent.
(2) Any person who, with intent to unlawfully deprive or defraud the state of its moneys or the use or benefit thereof, fails to remit taxes collected or paid on behalf of a purchaser under this chapter commits theft of state funds, punishable as follows:
(a) If the total amount of stolen revenue is less than $1,000, the offense is a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083. Upon a second conviction, the offender commits a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083. Upon a third or subsequent conviction, the offender commits a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.
(b) If the total amount of stolen revenue is $1,000 or more, but less than $20,000, the offense is a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.
(c) If the total amount of stolen revenue is $20,000 or more, but less than $100,000, the offense is a felony of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.
(d) If the total amount of stolen revenue is $100,000 or more, the offense is a felony of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.
The amount of stolen revenue may be aggregated in determining the grade of the offense.
(3) Prosecution of a misdemeanor under this section shall commence no later than 2 years from the date of the offense. Prosecution of a felony under this section shall commence no later than 5 years from the date of the offense.
(4) All taxes collected under this chapter shall be remitted to the department. In addition to criminal sanctions, the department is empowered, and it shall be its duty, when any tax becomes delinquent or is otherwise in jeopardy under this chapter, to issue a warrant for the full amount of the tax due or estimated to be due, with the interest, penalties, and cost of collection, directed to all and singular the sheriffs of the state, and mail the warrant to the clerk of the circuit court of the county where any property of the taxpayer is located. Upon receipt of the warrant, the clerk of the circuit court shall record it, and thereupon the amount of the warrant shall become a lien on any real or personal property of the taxpayer in the same manner as a recorded judgment. The department may issue a tax execution to enforce the collection of taxes imposed by this chapter and deliver it to any sheriff. The sheriff shall thereupon proceed in the same manner as prescribed by law for executions and shall be entitled to the same fees for his or her services in executing the warrant to be collected. The department may also have a writ of garnishment to subject any indebtedness due to the delinquent dealer by a third person in any goods, money, chattels, or effects of the delinquent dealer in the hands, possession, or control of the third person in the manner provided by law for the payment of the tax due. Upon payment of the execution, warrant, judgment, or garnishment, the department shall satisfy the lien of record within 30 days. If there is jeopardy to the revenue and jeopardy is asserted in or with an assessment, the department shall proceed in the manner specified for jeopardy assessment in s. 213.732.
History.—s. 15, ch. 26319, 1949; s. 12, ch. 26871, 1951; s. 3, ch. 59-426; s. 7, ch. 61-276; s. 7, ch. 63-253; s. 5, ch. 65-371; s. 2, ch. 65-420; s. 12, ch. 67-180; s. 1, ch. 69-267; ss. 21, 35, ch. 69-106; s. 1, ch. 71-8; s. 42, ch. 71-355; s. 54, ch. 78-95; s. 5, ch. 79-359; s. 18, ch. 81-178; s. 118, ch. 81-259; s. 91, ch. 87-6; s. 59, ch. 87-101; s. 9, ch. 87-402; s. 24, ch. 91-224; s. 14, ch. 92-315; s. 13, ch. 93-233; s. 1120, ch. 95-147; s. 11, ch. 97-99; s. 6, ch. 2019-167; s. 23, ch. 2021-31.
212.151 Jurisdiction of suits for violation of Florida Revenue Act of 1949; collection of tax; service on retailers, dealers or vendors not qualified to do business in state.—
(1) All suits brought hereafter by the department against any retailer, dealer, or vendor for any violation of this chapter, and for the purpose of effecting collection of any tax due from any dealer, including garnishment proceedings regardless of the amount, shall be brought thereon in the circuit courts of this state having jurisdiction of the subject matter.
(2) Every retailer, dealer or vendor not qualified to do business in this state shall designate with the department an agent for service within the state, for the purpose of enforcing this chapter. If a retailer, dealer or vendor has not designated, or shall fail to designate, with the department an agent for service within the state, then the Secretary of State shall be deemed the agent for service, or any agent or employee of the retailer, dealer or vendor within the state shall be deemed agent for service.
History.—s. 10, ch. 29883, 1955; s. 7, ch. 63-253; s. 5, ch. 65-371; s. 2, ch. 65-420; s. 13, ch. 67-180; ss. 10, 21, 35, ch. 69-106.
212.16 Importation of goods; permits; seizure for noncompliance; procedure; review.—
(1) For the protection of the revenue of this state, to prevent the illegal importation of tangible personal property which is subject to tax in this state, and to strengthen and make more effective the manner and method of enforcing payment of the tax imposed by this chapter, the department is hereby authorized and empowered to put into operation a system of permits whereby any person or dealer as defined in this chapter may import tangible personal property by truck, automobile, or other means of transportation other than a common carrier, without having said truck, automobile, or other means of transportation, seized and subjected to legal proceedings for its forfeiture. Such system of permits shall require the person or dealer who desires to import tangible personal property into this state, which property is subject to tax imposed by this chapter, to apply to the department or its designated agent for a certificate of registration and a permit stating the kind of vehicle used, the name of the driver, the license number of the vehicle, the kind or character of tangible personal property to be imported, the date, the name and address of the consignee and such other information as the department may deem necessary to prevent the illegal transportation of tangible personal property into this state. Such certificate of registration and permit shall be free of cost to the applicant and forms for such certificate of registration and permit may be obtained from the department or its designated agents.
(2) The importation into this state of tangible personal property which is subject to tax, by truck, automobile, or other means of transportation other than a common carrier without having first obtained a certificate of registration and permit as hereinabove described (if the tax imposed by this chapter on the said tangible personal property has not been paid), shall be construed as an attempt to evade payment of the said tax and the same is hereby prohibited and the said truck, automobile, or other means of transportation, other than that of common carrier, and said taxable property may be seized by the department in order to secure the same as evidence in a trial and the same shall be subject to forfeiture and sale in the manner provided for in this chapter. No certificate of registration or permit shall be required to transport personal effects of a driver, owner, or passengers of any private automobile or carrier vehicle not engaged in carrying goods for resale within the state. The department may issue a certificate of registration and permit to a person who is regularly or frequently importing into this state tangible personal property in trucks owned by him or her in connection with the person’s own business, requiring that reports, copies of sales documents, and other information may be filed at regular or frequent intervals with the department after importation of tangible personal property subject to the tax, and the department may require as a condition for the issuance of such certificate of registration and permit that such person post a bond payable to the department in an amount sufficient to guarantee payment of the tax on such goods as may be imported by such person, which amount the department shall set.
(3) Subject to the above stated exception of private vehicles, any truck, automobile, or other means of transportation other than a common carrier which is used to import into this state tangible personal property which is subject to tax under this chapter, together with the contents thereof, is hereby declared to be contraband and subject to confiscation unless a certificate of registration and permit as hereinabove described was first obtained. The department may confiscate any such truck, automobile, or other means of transportation other than a common carrier together with its contents whenever the same is found to be importing without the certificate of registration and permit tangible personal property, the sale or use of which is taxable under this chapter. Such permit shall be posted in or on the vehicle or made immediately available for inspection. The department or its agent is authorized hereby to turn over to any sheriff or constable for safekeeping any vehicle or property seized hereunder, and such sheriff or constable shall collect from the vehicle owner costs provided by the general law for performing similar service.
(4) Upon seizure for confiscation, the department or its representatives shall appraise the value of the vehicle and its said contents according to its best judgment and shall deliver to the person, if any found in possession of such property, a receipt showing the fact of seizure, from whom seized, the place of seizure, a description of the vehicle and contents seized. A copy of said receipt shall be filed in the office of the department and shall be open to public inspection.
(5) The department, or any representative of the department, shall within 30 days advertise the said vehicle and its contents or other property so seized for sale to the highest bidder by one proper notice in a newspaper published in the county where the property is to be sold, if the county has such a newspaper, if there is no newspaper in such county, then by notice on the courthouse door, at least 30 days prior to the date of sale and contain a description of the vehicle and property to be sold.
(6) Any person claiming any property so seized as contraband goods may, at any time before the sale, file with the department, at Tallahassee, a claim in writing stating his or her interest in the article seized. The department shall determine the claim.
(7) In the event the ruling of the department is favorable to the claimant, the department shall deliver to the claimant the vehicle or property so seized. If the ruling of the department is adverse to the claimant, the department shall proceed to sell such contraband goods in accordance with the foregoing provisions of this chapter. The expense of storage and transportation shall be adjudged as part of the cost of the proceedings in such manner as the department shall fix pending any proceeding to recover a vehicle or other property seized under this chapter. The department may order delivery thereof to any claimant who shall execute with one or more sureties, approved by the department, and deliver to the department, a bond in favor of the state for the payment of a sum double the appraised value thereof as of the time of any hearing; and if the vehicle or other property is not returned at the time of the hearing, the bond shall stand in lieu of, and be forfeited in the same manner as, such vehicle or other property.
(8) The confiscated vehicle or goods shall not be sold pending any judicial review but shall be stored by the department until the final disposition of said case.
(9) Within the discretion of the department, the claimant may be awarded possession of the confiscated goods pending any judicial review; however, the claimant shall be required to execute a bond payable to the state in an amount double the value of the property seized, the sureties to be approved by the department. The condition of the bond shall be that the obligors shall pay to the state the full value of the vehicle or goods seized unless upon certiorari the decision of the department shall be reversed and the property awarded to the claimant.
(10) If no claim is interposed, such vehicle or other goods shall be forfeited without further proceedings and the same sold as hereinabove provided. The above procedure is the sole remedy of any claimant, and no court shall have jurisdiction to interfere therewith by replevin, injunction, or supersedeas or in any other manner.
(11) Any funds derived from the sale of confiscated vehicles or other goods shall be distributed or allocated in the same manner as other funds derived from the taxing statute.
History.—s. 16, ch. 26319, 1949; s. 8, ch. 61-276; s. 4, ch. 63-512; s. 7, ch. 63-253; s. 5, ch. 65-371; s. 2, ch. 65-420; ss. 21, 35, ch. 69-106; s. 54, ch. 78-95; s. 1121, ch. 95-147.
212.17 Tax credits or refunds.—
(1)(a) If purchases are returned to a dealer by the purchaser or consumer after the tax imposed by this chapter has been collected from or charged to the account of the consumer or user, the dealer is entitled to reimbursement of the amount of tax collected or charged by the dealer, in the manner prescribed by the department.
(b) A registered dealer that purchases property for the dealer’s own use, pays tax on acquisition, and sells the property subsequent to acquisition without having used the property is entitled to reimbursement, in the manner prescribed by the department, of the amount of tax paid on the property’s acquisition.
(c) If the tax has not been remitted by a dealer to the department, the dealer may deduct the same in submitting his or her return upon receipt of a signed statement by the dealer as to the gross amount of such refunds during the period covered by the signed statement, which may not be longer than 90 days. The department shall issue to the dealer an official credit memorandum equal to the net amount remitted by the dealer for such tax collected or paid. Such memorandum shall be accepted by the department at full face value from the dealer to whom it is issued upon the remittance of subsequent taxes accrued under this chapter. If a dealer has retired from business and filed a final return, a refund of tax may be made if it can be established to the satisfaction of the department that the tax was not due.
(2) A dealer who has paid the tax imposed by this chapter on tangible personal property sold under a retained title, conditional sale, or similar contract, or under a contract in which the dealer retains a security interest in the property pursuant to chapter 679, may take credit or obtain a refund for the tax paid by the dealer on the unpaid balance due him or her when he or she repossesses the property, with or without judicial process, within 12 months after the month in which the property was repossessed. If such repossessed property is resold, the sale is subject in all respects to the tax imposed by this chapter.
(3) Except as provided in subsection (4), a dealer who has paid the tax imposed by this chapter on tangible personal property or services may take a credit or obtain a refund for any tax paid by the dealer on the unpaid balance due on worthless accounts within 12 months after the month in which the bad debt has been charged off for federal income tax purposes. If any accounts so charged off for which a credit or refund has been obtained are subsequently, in whole or in part, paid to the dealer, the amount so paid shall be included in the first return filed after such collection and the tax paid accordingly.
(4) With respect to the payment of taxes on purchases made through a private-label credit card program:
(a) If consumer accounts or receivables are found to be worthless or uncollectible, the dealer may claim a credit for, or obtain a refund of, the tax remitted by the dealer on the unpaid balance due if:
1. The accounts or receivables have been charged off as bad debt on the lender’s books and records on or after January 1, 2014;
2. A credit was not previously claimed and a refund was not previously allowed on any portion of the accounts or receivables; and
3. The credit or refund is claimed within 12 months after the month in which the bad debt has been charged off by the lender for federal income tax purposes.
(b) If the dealer or the lender subsequently collects, in whole or in part, the accounts or receivables for which a credit or refund has been granted under paragraph (a), the dealer shall include the taxable percentage of the amount collected in the first return filed after the collection and pay the tax on the portion of that amount for which a credit or refund was granted.
(c) The credit or refund allowed includes all credit sale transaction amounts that are outstanding in the specific private-label credit card account or receivable at the time the account or receivable is charged off, regardless of the date on which the credit sale transaction actually occurred.
(d) A dealer must use one of the following methods to determine the amount of the credit or refund:
1. An apportionment method to substantiate the amount of tax imposed under this chapter which is included in the bad debt to which the credit or refund applies. The method must use the dealer’s Florida and non-Florida sales, the dealer’s taxable and nontaxable sales, and the amount of tax the dealer remitted to this state; or
2. A specified percentage of the accounts or receivables giving rise to the credit or refund, which is derived from a sampling of the dealer’s or lender’s records in accordance with a methodology agreed upon by the department and the dealer.
(e) For purposes of computing the credit or refund, payments on the accounts or receivables shall be allocated based on the terms and conditions of the contract between the dealer or lender and the consumer.
(f) The credit or refund for tax on bad debt may be claimed on any return filed by an entity related by a direct or indirect common ownership of 50 percent or more.
(g) The amount of the credit or refund that a dealer is eligible to recover under this subsection is limited to 64.4 percent of the tax paid to the department which is attributable to bad debt.
(h) As used in this subsection, the term:
1. “Dealer’s affiliates” means an entity affiliated with the dealer under 26 U.S.C. s. 1504 or an entity that would be an affiliate under that section if the entity were a corporation.
2. “Lender” means a person who owns or has owned a private-label credit card account or an interest in a private-label credit card receivable that:
a. The person purchased directly from a dealer who remitted the tax imposed under this chapter or from the dealer’s affiliates, or that was transferred from a third party;
b. The person originated pursuant to that person’s contract with a dealer who remitted the tax imposed under this chapter or with the dealer’s affiliates; or
c. Is affiliated in the manner described under 26 U.S.C. s. 1504, regardless of whether the different entities are corporations, with a person described in sub-subparagraph a. or sub-subparagraph b. or with an assignee or other transferee of such person.
3. “Private-label credit card” means a charge card or credit card that carries, refers to, or is branded with the name or logo of a dealer and can be used for purchases from the dealer whose name or logo appears on the card or for purchases from the dealer’s affiliates or franchises.
(5) If admissions, license fees, rental payments, or payments for services are made and returned to payors after the taxes have been paid, the department shall return or credit the taxpayer for taxes paid on the moneys returned in the same manner as provided for returns or credits of taxes if purchases or tangible personal property are returnable to a dealer.
(6) The department shall:
(a) Design, prepare, print and furnish to all dealers, except dealers filing through electronic data interchange, or make available or prescribe to the dealers, all necessary forms for filing returns and instructions to ensure a full collection from dealers and an accounting for the taxes due. The failure of a dealer to secure such forms does not relieve the dealer from the payment of the tax at the time and in the manner provided.
(b) Prescribe the format and instructions necessary for filing returns in a manner that is initiated through an electronic data interchange to ensure a full collection from dealers and an accounting for the taxes due. The failure of a dealer to use such format does not relieve the dealer from the payment of the tax at the time and in the manner provided.
(7) The department and its assistants are authorized and empowered to administer the oath for the purpose of enforcing and administering this chapter.
(8) The department may adopt rules to administer and enforce this section.
History.—s. 17, ch. 26319, 1949; s. 7, ch. 63-253; s. 5, ch. 65-371; s. 2, ch. 65-420; s. 14, ch. 67-180; s. 1, ch. 67-518; ss. 21, 35, ch. 69-106; s. 1, ch. 78-23; s. 4, ch. 78-59; s. 78, ch. 86-152; s. 20, ch. 87-6; s. 1122, ch. 95-147; s. 5, ch. 98-142; s. 20, ch. 98-200; s. 14, ch. 98-342; s. 13, ch. 2014-38.
212.18 Administration of law; registration of dealers; rules.—
(1) The cost of preparing and distributing the reports, forms, and paraphernalia for the collection of said tax and the inspection and enforcement duties required herein shall be borne by the revenue produced by this chapter, provisions for which are hereinafter made.
(2) The department shall administer and enforce the assessment and collection of the taxes, interest, and penalties imposed by this chapter. It has authority to adopt rules pursuant to ss. 120.536(1) and 120.54 to enforce the provisions of this chapter in order that there shall not be collected on the average more than the rate levied herein. The department is authorized to and it shall provide by rule a method for accomplishing this end. It shall prepare instructions to all persons required by this chapter to collect and remit the tax to guide such persons in the proper collection and remission of such tax and to instruct such persons in the practices that may be necessary for the purpose of enforcement of this chapter and the collection of the tax imposed hereby. The use of tokens in the collection of this tax is hereby expressly forbidden and prohibited.
(3)(a) A person desiring to engage in or conduct business in this state as a dealer, or to lease, rent, or let or grant licenses in living quarters or sleeping or housekeeping accommodations in hotels, apartment houses, roominghouses, or tourist or trailer camps that are subject to tax under s. 212.03, or to lease, rent, or let or grant licenses in real property, and a person who sells or receives anything of value by way of admissions, must file with the department an application for a certificate of registration for each place of business. The application must include the names of the persons who have interests in such business and their residences, the address of the business, and other data reasonably required by the department. However, owners and operators of vending machines or newspaper rack machines are required to obtain only one certificate of registration for each county in which such machines are located. The department, by rule, may authorize a dealer that uses independent sellers to sell its merchandise to remit tax on the retail sales price charged to the ultimate consumer in lieu of having the independent seller register as a dealer and remit the tax. The department may appoint the county tax collector as the department’s agent to accept applications for registrations. The application must be submitted to the department before the person, firm, copartnership, or corporation may engage in such business.
(b) The department, upon receipt of such application, shall grant to the applicant a separate certificate of registration for each place of business, which may be canceled by the department or its designated assistants for any failure by the certificateholder to comply with this chapter. The certificate is not assignable and is valid only for the person, firm, copartnership, or corporation to which it is issued. The certificate must be placed in a conspicuous place in the business or businesses for which it is issued and must be displayed at all times. Except as provided in this subsection, a person may not engage in business as a dealer or in leasing, renting, or letting of or granting licenses in living quarters or sleeping or housekeeping accommodations in hotels, apartment houses, roominghouses, tourist or trailer camps, or real property, or sell or receive anything of value by way of admissions, without a valid certificate. A person may not receive a license from any authority within the state to engage in any such business without a valid certificate. A person may not engage in the business of selling or leasing tangible personal property or services as a dealer; engage in leasing, renting, or letting of or granting licenses in living quarters or sleeping or housekeeping accommodations in hotels, apartment houses, roominghouses, or tourist or trailer camps that are taxable under this chapter, or real property; or engage in the business of selling or receiving anything of value by way of admissions without a valid certificate.
(c) A marketplace provider that is a dealer under this chapter or a person who is required to collect and remit sales tax on remote sales must file with the department an application for a certificate of registration electronically.
(d)1. A person who engages in acts requiring a certificate of registration under this subsection and who fails or refuses to register commits a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083. Such acts are subject to injunctive proceedings as provided by law. A person who engages in acts requiring a certificate of registration and who fails or refuses to register is also subject to a $100 registration fee. However, the department may waive the registration fee if it finds that the failure to register was due to reasonable cause and not to willful negligence, willful neglect, or fraud.
2.a. A person who willfully fails to register after the department provides notice of the duty to register as a dealer commits a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.
b. The department shall provide written notice of the duty to register to the person by personal service or by sending notice by registered mail to the person’s last known address. The department may provide written notice by both methods described in this sub-subparagraph.
(e) In addition to the certificate of registration, the department shall provide to each newly registered dealer an initial resale certificate that will be valid for the remainder of the period of issuance. The department shall provide each active dealer with an annual resale certificate. For purposes of this section, the term “active dealer” means a person who is currently registered with the department and who is required to file at least once during each applicable reporting period.
(f) The department may revoke a dealer’s certificate of registration if the dealer fails to comply with this chapter. Before revocation of a dealer’s certificate of registration, the department must schedule an informal conference at which the dealer may present evidence regarding the department’s intended revocation or enter into a compliance agreement with the department. The department must notify the dealer of its intended action and the time, place, and date of the scheduled informal conference by written notification sent by United States mail to the dealer’s last known address of record furnished by the dealer on a form prescribed by the department. The dealer is required to attend the informal conference and present evidence refuting the department’s intended revocation or enter into a compliance agreement with the department which resolves the dealer’s failure to comply with this chapter. The department shall issue an administrative complaint under s. 120.60 if the dealer fails to attend the department’s informal conference, fails to enter into a compliance agreement with the department resolving the dealer’s noncompliance with this chapter, or fails to comply with the executed compliance agreement.
(g) As used in this paragraph, the term “exhibitor” means a person who enters into an agreement authorizing the display of tangible personal property or services at a convention or a trade show. The following provisions apply to the registration of exhibitors as dealers under this chapter:
1. An exhibitor whose agreement prohibits the sale of tangible personal property or services subject to the tax imposed in this chapter is not required to register as a dealer.
2. An exhibitor whose agreement provides for the sale at wholesale only of tangible personal property or services subject to the tax imposed by this chapter must obtain a resale certificate from the purchasing dealer but is not required to register as a dealer.
3. An exhibitor whose agreement authorizes the retail sale of tangible personal property or services subject to the tax imposed by this chapter must register as a dealer and collect the tax on such sales.
4. An exhibitor who makes a remote sale pursuant to s. 212.0596 must register as a dealer.
A person who conducts a convention or a trade show must make his or her exhibitor’s agreements available to the department for inspection and copying.
(4) The department is hereby given the authority to purchase such supplies and equipment as may be necessary and incur any other necessary expenses as are proper for the enforcement and administration of this chapter.
History.—s. 18, ch. 26319, 1949; s. 9, ch. 61-276; s. 7, ch. 63-253; s. 13, ch. 65-329; s. 5, ch. 65-371; s. 2, ch. 65-420; s. 15, ch. 67-180; ss. 21, 35, ch. 69-106; s. 128, ch. 71-136; s. 5, ch. 78-59; s. 54, ch. 78-95; s. 2, ch. 82-75; s. 74, ch. 83-217; s. 79, ch. 86-152; ss. 21, 92, ch. 87-6; s. 60, ch. 87-101; s. 10, ch. 87-402; s. 76, ch. 88-130; s. 43, ch. 89-356; s. 33, ch. 90-203; s. 241, ch. 91-224; s. 20, ch. 92-320; s. 9, ch. 94-314; s. 12, ch. 94-353; s. 1501, ch. 95-147; s. 1, ch. 96-299; s. 27, ch. 97-99; s. 7, ch. 98-140; s. 6, ch. 98-142; s. 21, ch. 98-200; s. 19, ch. 99-208; s. 4, ch. 99-239; s. 1, ch. 2000-206; s. 29, ch. 2002-218; s. 6, ch. 2014-40; s. 29, ch. 2017-36; s. 12, ch. 2021-2.
212.181 Determination of business address situs, distributions, and adjustments.—
(1) For each certificate of registration issued pursuant to s. 212.18(3)(b), the department shall assign the place of business to a county based on the location address provided at the time of registration or at the time the dealer notifies the department of a change in a business location address.
(2)(a) Each county that furnishes to the department information needed to update the electronic database created and maintained pursuant to s. 202.22(2)(a), including addresses of new developments, changes in addresses, annexations, incorporations, reorganizations, and any other changes in jurisdictional boundaries within the county, must specify an effective date, which must be the next ensuing January 1 or July 1, and must be furnished to the department at least 120 days before the effective date. A county that provides notification to the department at least 120 days before the effective date that it has reviewed the database and has no changes for the ensuing January 1 or July 1 satisfies the requirement of this paragraph.
(b) A county that imposes a tourist development tax in a subcounty special district pursuant to s. 125.0104(3)(b) must identify the subcounty special district addresses to which the tourist development tax applies as part of the address information submission required under paragraph (a). This paragraph does not apply to counties that self-administer the tax pursuant to s. 125.0104(10).
(c) The department shall update the electronic database created and maintained under s. 202.22(2)(a) using the information furnished by local taxing jurisdictions under paragraph (a) and shall ensure each business location is correctly assigned to the applicable county pursuant to subsection (1). Each update must specify the effective date as the next ensuing January 1 or July 1 and must be posted by the department on a website not less than 90 days before the effective date.
(3)(a) For distributions made pursuant to ss. 125.0104 and 212.20(6)(a), (b), and (d)2., misallocations occurring solely due to the assignment of an address to an incorrect county will be corrected prospectively only from the date the department is made aware of the misallocation, subject to the following:
1. If the county that should have received the misallocated distributions followed the notification and timing provisions in subsection (2) for the affected periods, such misallocations may be adjusted by prorating current and future distributions for the period the misallocation occurred, not to exceed 36 months from the date the department is made aware of the misallocation.
2. If the county that received the misallocated distribution followed the notification and timing provisions in subsection (2) for the affected periods and the county that should have received the misallocation did not, the correction shall apply only prospectively from the date the department is made aware of the misallocation.
(b) Nothing in this subsection prevents affected counties from determining an alternative method of adjustment pursuant to an interlocal agreement. Affected counties with an interlocal agreement must provide a copy of the interlocal agreement specifying an alternative method of adjustment to the department within 90 days after the date of the department’s notice of the misallocation.
(4) The department may adopt rules to administer this section, including rules establishing procedures and forms.
History.—s. 21, ch. 2020-10.
212.183 Rules for self-accrual of sales tax.—The Department of Revenue is authorized to provide by rule for self-accrual of the sales tax under one or more of the following circumstances:
(1) Where authorized by law for holders of direct pay permits.
(2) Where tangible personal property is subject to tax on a prorated basis, and the proration factor is based upon characteristics of the purchaser.
(3) Where the taxable status of types of tangible personal property will be known only upon use.
(4) For commercial rentals where the purchaser rents from a number of independent property owners who, apart from rentals to the purchaser in question, would otherwise not be obligated to register as dealers.
(5) Where the purchaser makes purchases in excess of $10 million per year of tangible personal property in any county.
(6) When the purchaser makes purchases of promotional materials as defined in s. 212.06(11) and at the time of purchase, the purchaser does not know whether the materials will be exported outside this state.
(7) For commercial rentals where the purchaser, who is required to remit sales tax electronically as provided under s. 213.755, rents from a number of independent property owners.
History.—s. 32, ch. 87-6; s. 19, ch. 87-101; s. 36, ch. 87-548; s. 3, ch. 92-168; s. 14, ch. 93-233; s. 32, ch. 96-397.
212.1831 Credit for contributions to eligible nonprofit scholarship-funding organizations.—There is allowed a credit of 100 percent of an eligible contribution made to an eligible nonprofit scholarship-funding organization under s. 1002.395 against any tax imposed by the state and due under this chapter from a direct pay permit holder as a result of the direct pay permit held pursuant to s. 212.183. For purposes of the dealer’s credit granted for keeping prescribed records, filing timely tax returns, and properly accounting and remitting taxes under s. 212.12, the amount of tax due used to calculate the credit shall include any eligible contribution made to an eligible nonprofit scholarship-funding organization from a direct pay permit holder. For purposes of the distributions of tax revenue under s. 212.20, the department shall disregard any tax credits allowed under this section to ensure that any reduction in tax revenue received that is attributable to the tax credits results only in a reduction in distributions to the General Revenue Fund. The provisions of s. 1002.395 apply to the credit authorized by this section.
History.—s. 3, ch. 2010-24; s. 2, ch. 2018-6.
212.1832 Credit for contributions to eligible nonprofit scholarship-funding organizations.—
(1) As used in this section, the term:
(a) “Designated agent” has the same meaning as in s. 212.06(10).
(b) “Eligible contribution” or “contribution” means a monetary contribution from a person purchasing a motor vehicle, subject to the restrictions provided in this section, to an eligible nonprofit scholarship-funding organization. The person making the contribution may not designate a specific student as the beneficiary of the contribution.
(c) “Eligible nonprofit scholarship-funding organization” or “organization” has the same meaning as in s. 1002.395(2).
(d) “Motor vehicle” has the same meaning as in s. 320.01(1)(a), but does not include a heavy truck, truck tractor, trailer, or motorcycle.
(2) The purchaser of a motor vehicle shall be granted a credit of 100 percent of an eligible contribution made to an eligible nonprofit scholarship-funding organization under this section against any tax imposed by the state under this chapter and collected from the purchaser by a dealer, designated agent, or private tag agent as a result of the purchase or acquisition of a motor vehicle, except that a credit may not exceed the tax that would otherwise be collected from the purchaser by a dealer, designated agent, or private tag agent. Each eligible contribution is limited to a single payment of $105 per motor vehicle purchased at the time of purchase of a motor vehicle or a single payment of $105 per motor vehicle purchased at the time of registration of a motor vehicle that was not purchased from a dealer, except that a contribution may not exceed the state tax imposed under this chapter that would otherwise be collected from the purchaser by a dealer, designated agent, or private tag agent. Payments of contributions shall be made to a dealer at the time of purchase of a motor vehicle or to a designated agent or private tag agent at the time of registration of a motor vehicle that was not purchased from a dealer. An eligible contribution shall be accompanied by a contribution election form provided by the Department of Revenue. The form shall include, at a minimum, the following brief description of the Florida Tax Credit Scholarship Program: “THE FLORIDA TAX CREDIT SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM PROVIDES A STUDENT THE OPPORTUNITY TO APPLY FOR A SCHOLARSHIP TO ATTEND AN ELIGIBLE PRIVATE SCHOOL OR PERSONALIZE HIS OR HER EDUCATION.” The form shall also include, at a minimum, a section allowing the consumer to designate, from all participating scholarship-funding organizations, which organization will receive his or her donation. For purposes of this subsection, the term “purchase” does not include the lease or rental of a motor vehicle.
(3) A dealer shall take a credit against any tax imposed by the state under this chapter on the purchase of a motor vehicle in an amount equal to the credit granted to the purchaser under subsection (2).
(a) A dealer, designated agent, or private tag agent shall:
1. Provide the purchaser the contribution election form, as provided by the department, at the time of purchase of a motor vehicle or at the time of registration of a motor vehicle that was not purchased from a dealer.
2. Collect eligible contributions.
3. Using a form provided by the department, which shall include the dealer’s or agent’s federal employer identification number, remit to an organization no later than the date the return filed pursuant to s. 212.11 is due the total amount of contributions made to that organization and collected during the preceding reporting period. Using the same form, the dealer or agent shall also report this information to the department no later than the date the return filed pursuant to s. 212.11 is due.
4. Report to the department on each return filed pursuant to s. 212.11 the total amount of credits granted under this section for the preceding reporting period.
(b) An eligible nonprofit scholarship-funding organization shall report to the department, on or before the 20th day of each month, the total amount of contributions received pursuant to paragraph (a) in the preceding calendar month on a form provided by the department. Such report shall include:
1. The federal employer identification number of each designated agent, private tag agent, or dealer who remitted contributions to the organization during that reporting period.
2. The amount of contributions received from each designated agent, private tag agent, or dealer during that reporting period.
(c) A person who, with the intent to unlawfully deprive or defraud the program of its moneys or the use or benefit thereof, fails to remit a contribution collected under this section is guilty of theft, punishable as follows:
1. If the total amount stolen is less than $300, the offense is a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083. Upon a second conviction, the offender commits a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083. Upon a third or subsequent conviction, the offender commits a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.
2. If the total amount stolen is $300 or more, but less than $20,000, the offense is a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.
3. If the total amount stolen is $20,000 or more, but less than $100,000, the offense is a felony of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.
4. If the total amount stolen is $100,000 or more, the offense is a felony of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.
(d) A person convicted of an offense under paragraph (c) shall be ordered by the sentencing judge to make restitution to the organization in the amount that was stolen from the program.
(e) Upon a finding that a dealer failed to remit a contribution under subparagraph (a)3. for which the dealer claimed a credit pursuant to this subsection, the department shall notify the affected organizations of the dealer’s name, address, federal employer identification number, and information related to differences between credits taken by the dealer pursuant to this subsection and amounts remitted to the eligible nonprofit scholarship-funding organization under subparagraph (a)3.
(f) Any dealer, designated agent, private tag agent, or organization that fails to timely submit reports to the department as required in paragraphs (a) and (b) is subject to a penalty of $1,000 for every month, or part thereof, the report is not submitted, up to a maximum amount of $10,000. Such penalty shall be collected by the department and shall be transferred into the General Revenue Fund. Such penalty must be settled or compromised if it is determined by the department that the noncompliance is due to reasonable cause and not due to willful negligence, willful neglect, or fraud.
(4) For purposes of the distributions of tax revenue under s. 212.20, the department shall disregard any tax credits allowed under this section to ensure that any reduction in tax revenue received that is attributable to the tax credits results only in a reduction in distributions to the General Revenue Fund. Section 1002.395 applies to the credit authorized by this section.
History.—s. 3, ch. 2018-6; s. 2, ch. 2019-23; s. 1, ch. 2024-163.
1212.1833 Credit for contributions to the New Worlds Reading Initiative.—Beginning January 1, 2022, there is allowed a credit of 100 percent of an eligible contribution made to the New Worlds Reading Initiative under s. 1003.485 against any tax imposed by the state and due under this chapter from a direct pay permitholder as a result of the direct pay permit held pursuant to s. 212.183. For purposes of the dealer’s credit granted for keeping prescribed records, filing timely tax returns, and properly accounting and remitting taxes under s. 212.12, the amount of tax due used to calculate the credit shall include any eligible contribution made to the New Worlds Reading Initiative from a direct pay permitholder. For purposes of the distributions of tax revenue under s. 212.20, the department shall disregard any tax credits allowed under this section to ensure that any reduction in tax revenue received which is attributable to the tax credits results only in a reduction in distributions to the General Revenue Fund. Section 1003.485 applies to the credit authorized by this section. A dealer who claims a tax credit under this section must file his or her tax returns and pay his or her taxes by electronic means under s. 213.755.
History.—s. 3, ch. 2021-193.
1Note.—Section 12, ch. 2021-193, provides that “[t]he Department of Revenue is authorized, and all conditions are deemed met, to adopt emergency rules under s. 120.54(4), Florida Statutes, for the purpose of implementing provisions related to the New Worlds Reading Initiative Tax Credit created by this act. Notwithstanding any other law, emergency rules adopted under this section are effective for 6 months after adoption and may be renewed during the pendency of procedures to adopt permanent rules addressing the subject of the emergency rules.”
212.1834 Credit for contributions to eligible charitable organizations.—Beginning January 1, 2022, there is allowed a credit of 100 percent of an eligible contribution made to an eligible charitable organization under s. 402.62 against any tax imposed by the state and due under this chapter from a direct pay permitholder as a result of the direct pay permit held pursuant to s. 212.183. For purposes of the dealer’s credit granted for keeping prescribed records, filing timely tax returns, and properly accounting and remitting taxes under s. 212.12, the amount of tax due used to calculate the credit shall include any eligible contribution made to an eligible charitable organization from a direct pay permitholder. For purposes of the distributions of tax revenue under s. 212.20, the department shall disregard any tax credits allowed under this section to ensure that any reduction in tax revenue received which is attributable to the tax credits results only in a reduction in distributions to the General Revenue Fund. Section 402.62 applies to the credit authorized by this section. A dealer who claims a tax credit under this section must file his or her tax returns and pay his or her taxes by electronic means under s. 213.755.
History.—s. 24, ch. 2021-31.
1212.1835 Child care tax credits.—Beginning January 1, 2024, there is allowed a credit pursuant to s. 402.261 against any tax imposed by the state and due under this chapter from a direct pay permitholder as a result of the direct pay permit held pursuant to s. 212.183. For purposes of the dealer’s credit granted for keeping prescribed records, filing timely tax returns, and properly accounting and remitting taxes under s. 212.12, the amount of tax due used to calculate the credit must include any expenses or payments from a direct pay permitholder which give rise to a credit under s. 402.261. For purposes of the distributions of tax revenue under s. 212.20, the department shall disregard any tax credits allowed under this section to ensure that any reduction in tax revenue received which is attributable to the tax credits results only in a reduction in distributions to the General Revenue Fund. The provisions of s. 402.261 apply to the credit authorized by this section. A dealer who claims a tax credit under this section must file his or her tax returns and pay his or her taxes by electronic means under s. 213.755.
History.—s. 32, ch. 2024-158.
1Note.—
A. Section 55, ch. 2024-158, provides that “[t]he amendments made by this act to ss. 220.19, 624.509, and 624.5107, Florida Statutes, and ss. 211.0254, 212.1835, 402.261, and 561.1214, Florida Statutes, as created by this act, apply retroactively to January 1, 2024.”
B. Section 61, ch. 2024-158, provides:
“(1) The Department of Revenue is authorized, and all conditions are deemed met, to adopt emergency rules pursuant to s. 120.54(4), Florida Statutes, to implement the amendments made by this act to ss. 206.9931, 212.05, 212.054, 213.21, 213.67, 220.03, 220.19, 220.1915, 624.509, and 624.5107, Florida Statutes, and the creation by this act of ss. 211.0254, 212.1835, 220.1992, 402.261, and 561.1214, Florida Statutes. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, emergency rules adopted pursuant to this subsection are effective for 6 months after adoption and may be renewed during the pendency of procedures to adopt permanent rules addressing the subject of the emergency rules.
“(2) This section shall take effect upon this act becoming a law and expires July 1, 2027.”
212.184 Rule of construction; disclosure of privileged information.—Nothing contained in this act shall be construed to require disclosure of privileged information, the confidentiality of which is protected under the Florida Evidence Code.
History.—s. 38, ch. 87-6; s. 23, ch. 87-101.
212.185 Sales tax hotline.—Effective July 1, 1987, the Department of Revenue is directed to provide for a sales tax hotline to be operated by the department to provide information to citizens of the state who have questions with respect to the sales tax.
History.—s. 109, ch. 87-6.
212.186 Registration number and resale certificate verification; toll-free number; information system; dealer education.—
(1) The Department of Revenue shall establish a toll-free number for verification of valid registration numbers and resale certificates. The system must be sufficient to guarantee a low busy rate and must respond to keypad inquiries, and data must be updated daily.
(2) The Department of Revenue shall establish a system for receiving information from dealers regarding certificate numbers of those seeking to make purchases for resale. The department must provide such dealers with verification of those numbers which are canceled or invalid. This information must be provided by the department free of charge.
(3) The Department of Revenue shall expand its dealer education program regarding the proper use of resale certificates. The expansion shall include, but need not be limited to, revision of the registration application for clarity, development of industry-specific brochures, development of a media campaign to heighten awareness of resale fraud and its consequences, outreach to business and professional organizations, and creation of seminars and continuing education programs for taxpayers and licensed professionals.
History.—ss. 21, 22, 23, ch. 99-208; ss. 11, 12, 13, ch. 99-239; s. 38, ch. 2020-2.
212.19 All state agencies to cooperate in administration of law.—The department is further empowered to call on any state agency, department, bureau or board for any and all information which may, in its judgment, be of assistance in administering or preparing for the administration of this chapter, and such state agency, department, bureau or board is hereby authorized, directed and required to furnish such information.
History.—s. 19, ch. 26319, 1949; s. 12, ch. 57-1; s. 7, ch. 63-253; s. 5, ch. 65-371; s. 2, ch. 65-420; ss. 21, 35, ch. 69-106.
212.20 Funds collected, disposition; additional powers of department; operational expense; refund of taxes adjudicated unconstitutionally collected.—
(1) The department shall pay over to the Chief Financial Officer of the state all funds received and collected by it under the provisions of this chapter, to be credited to the account of the General Revenue Fund of the state.
(2) The department is authorized to employ all necessary assistants to administer this chapter properly and is also authorized to purchase all necessary supplies and equipment which may be required for this purpose.
(3) The estimated amount of money needed for the administration of this chapter shall be included by the department in its annual legislative budget request for the operation of its office.
(4) When there has been a final adjudication that any tax pursuant to s. 212.0596 or s. 212.05965 was levied, collected, or both, contrary to the Constitution of the United States or the State Constitution, the department shall, in accordance with rules, determine, based upon claims for refund and other evidence and information, who paid such tax or taxes, and refund to each such person the amount of tax paid. For purposes of this subsection, a “final adjudication” is a decision of a court of competent jurisdiction from which no appeal can be taken or from which the official or officials of this state with authority to make such decisions has or have decided not to appeal.
(5) For the purposes of this section:
(a) “Proceeds” means all tax or fee revenue collected or received by the department, including interest and penalties.
(b) “Reallocate” means reduction of the accounts of initial deposit and redeposit into the indicated account.
(6) Distribution of all proceeds under this chapter and ss. 202.18(1)(b) and (2)(b) and 203.01(1)(a)3. is as follows:
(a) Proceeds from the convention development taxes authorized under s. 212.0305 shall be reallocated to the Convention Development Tax Clearing Trust Fund.
(b) Proceeds from discretionary sales surtaxes imposed pursuant to ss. 212.054 and 212.055 shall be reallocated to the Discretionary Sales Surtax Clearing Trust Fund.
(c)1. Proceeds from the fees imposed under ss. 212.05(1)(h)3. and 212.18(3) shall remain with the General Revenue Fund.
2. The portion of the proceeds which constitutes gross receipts tax imposed pursuant to s. 203.01(1)(a)3. shall be deposited as provided by law and in accordance with s. 9, Art. XII of the State Constitution.
(d) The proceeds of all other taxes and fees imposed pursuant to this chapter or remitted pursuant to s. 202.18(1)(b) and (2)(b) shall be distributed as follows:
1. In any fiscal year, the greater of $500 million, minus an amount equal to 4.6 percent of the proceeds of the taxes collected pursuant to chapter 201, or 5.2 percent of all other taxes and fees imposed pursuant to this chapter or remitted pursuant to s. 202.18(1)(b) and (2)(b) shall be deposited in monthly installments into the General Revenue Fund.
2. After the distribution under subparagraph 1., 8.9744 percent of the amount remitted by a sales tax dealer located within a participating county pursuant to s. 218.61 shall be transferred into the Local Government Half-cent Sales Tax Clearing Trust Fund. Beginning July 1, 2003, the amount to be transferred shall be reduced by 0.1 percent, and the department shall distribute this amount to the Public Employees Relations Commission Trust Fund less $5,000 each month, which shall be added to the amount calculated in subparagraph 3. and distributed accordingly.
3. After the distribution under subparagraphs 1. and 2., 0.0966 percent shall be transferred to the Local Government Half-cent Sales Tax Clearing Trust Fund and distributed pursuant to s. 218.65.
4. After the distributions under subparagraphs 1., 2., and 3., 2.0810 percent of the available proceeds shall be transferred monthly to the Revenue Sharing Trust Fund for Counties pursuant to s. 218.215.
5. After the distributions under subparagraphs 1., 2., and 3., 1.3653 percent of the available proceeds shall be transferred monthly to the Revenue Sharing Trust Fund for Municipalities pursuant to s. 218.215. If the total revenue to be distributed pursuant to this subparagraph is at least as great as the amount due from the Revenue Sharing Trust Fund for Municipalities and the former Municipal Financial Assistance Trust Fund in state fiscal year 1999-2000, no municipality shall receive less than the amount due from the Revenue Sharing Trust Fund for Municipalities and the former Municipal Financial Assistance Trust Fund in state fiscal year 1999-2000. If the total proceeds to be distributed are less than the amount received in combination from the Revenue Sharing Trust Fund for Municipalities and the former Municipal Financial Assistance Trust Fund in state fiscal year 1999-2000, each municipality shall receive an amount proportionate to the amount it was due in state fiscal year 1999-2000.
6. Of the remaining proceeds:
a. In each fiscal year, the sum of $29,915,500 shall be divided into as many equal parts as there are counties in the state, and one part shall be distributed to each county. The distribution among the several counties must begin each fiscal year on or before January 5th and continue monthly for a total of 4 months. If a local or special law required that any moneys accruing to a county in fiscal year 1999-2000 under the then-existing provisions of s. 550.135 be paid directly to the district school board, special district, or a municipal government, such payment must continue until the local or special law is amended or repealed. The state covenants with holders of bonds or other instruments of indebtedness issued by local governments, special districts, or district school boards before July 1, 2000, that it is not the intent of this subparagraph to adversely affect the rights of those holders or relieve local governments, special districts, or district school boards of the duty to meet their obligations as a result of previous pledges or assignments or trusts entered into which obligated funds received from the distribution to county governments under then-existing s. 550.135. This distribution specifically is in lieu of funds distributed under s. 550.135 before July 1, 2000.
b. The department shall distribute $166,667 monthly to each applicant certified as a facility for a new or retained professional sports franchise pursuant to s. 288.1162. Up to $41,667 shall be distributed monthly by the department to each certified applicant as defined in s. 288.11621 for a facility for a spring training franchise. However, not more than $416,670 may be distributed monthly in the aggregate to all certified applicants for facilities for spring training franchises. Distributions begin 60 days after such certification and continue for not more than 30 years, except as otherwise provided in s. 288.11621. A certified applicant identified in this sub-subparagraph may not receive more in distributions than expended by the applicant for the public purposes provided in s. 288.1162(5) or s. 288.11621(3).
c. The department shall distribute up to $83,333 monthly to each certified applicant as defined in s. 288.11631 for a facility used by a single spring training franchise, or up to $166,667 monthly to each certified applicant as defined in s. 288.11631 for a facility used by more than one spring training franchise. Monthly distributions begin 60 days after such certification or July 1, 2016, whichever is later, and continue for not more than 20 years to each certified applicant as defined in s. 288.11631 for a facility used by a single spring training franchise or not more than 25 years to each certified applicant as defined in s. 288.11631 for a facility used by more than one spring training franchise. A certified applicant identified in this sub-subparagraph may not receive more in distributions than expended by the applicant for the public purposes provided in s. 288.11631(3).
d. The department shall distribute $15,333 monthly to the State Transportation Trust Fund.
1e.(I) On or before July 25, 2021, August 25, 2021, and September 25, 2021, the department shall distribute $324,533,334 in each of those months to the Unemployment Compensation Trust Fund, less an adjustment for refunds issued from the General Revenue Fund pursuant to s. 443.131(3)(e)3. before making the distribution. The adjustments made by the department to the total distributions shall be equal to the total refunds made pursuant to s. 443.131(3)(e)3. If the amount of refunds to be subtracted from any single distribution exceeds the distribution, the department may not make that distribution and must subtract the remaining balance from the next distribution.
(II) Beginning July 2022, and on or before the 25th day of each month, the department shall distribute $90 million monthly to the Unemployment Compensation Trust Fund.
(III) If the ending balance of the Unemployment Compensation Trust Fund exceeds $4,071,519,600 on the last day of any month, as determined from United States Department of the Treasury data, the Office of Economic and Demographic Research shall certify to the department that the ending balance of the trust fund exceeds such amount.
(IV) This sub-subparagraph is repealed, and the department shall end monthly distributions under sub-sub-subparagraph (II), on the date the department receives certification under sub-sub-subparagraph (III).
f. Beginning July 1, 2023, in each fiscal year, the department shall distribute $27.5 million to the Florida Agricultural Promotional Campaign Trust Fund under s. 571.26, for further distribution in accordance with s. 571.265.
7. All other proceeds must remain in the General Revenue Fund.
History.—s. 20, ch. 26319, 1949; s. 7, ch. 29615, 1955; ss. 13, 24, ch. 57-1; s. 4, ch. 57-398; s. 13, ch. 59-1; s. 1, ch. 59-336; s. 7, ch. 63-253; s. 5, ch. 65-371; s. 2, ch. 65-420; ss. 21, 35, ch. 69-106; s. 1, ch. 73-305; s. 5, ch. 87-402; s. 39, ch. 89-356; s. 2, ch. 90-203; s. 4, ch. 91-79; s. 33, ch. 91-112; s. 1, ch. 91-274; s. 18, ch. 92-319; s. 1, ch. 93-233; s. 1, ch. 94-245; s. 18, ch. 94-314; s. 36, ch. 94-338; s. 1, ch. 95-304; s. 13, ch. 95-372; s. 19, ch. 96-320; ss. 23, 33, ch. 96-397; s. 1, ch. 96-415; s. 28, ch. 97-99; s. 32, ch. 97-153; ss. 20, 38, ch. 98-46; s. 80, ch. 99-2; ss. 22, 53, ch. 99-228; ss. 56, 66, ch. 2000-171; s. 9, ch. 2000-173; s. 1, ch. 2000-186; s. 2, ch. 2000-206; s. 17, ch. 2000-210; ss. 35, 58, ch. 2000-260; s. 4, ch. 2000-310; s. 3, ch. 2000-354; s. 29, ch. 2000-355; ss. 29, 38, ch. 2001-140; s. 10, ch. 2002-48; s. 1, ch. 2002-291; s. 188, ch. 2003-261; s. 92, ch. 2003-402; s. 1, ch. 2003-404; s. 18, ch. 2004-234; s. 1, ch. 2006-262; s. 2, ch. 2009-68; s. 2, ch. 2010-140; s. 33, ch. 2010-147; s. 79, ch. 2011-142; s. 6, ch. 2013-42; s. 11, ch. 2014-38; s. 7, ch. 2014-40; s. 1, ch. 2014-167; s. 16, ch. 2015-221; s. 39, ch. 2020-2; s. 13, ch. 2021-2; s. 25, ch. 2021-31; s. 25, ch. 2023-157; s. 17, ch. 2023-173; s. 33, ch. 2024-158.
1Note.—The Office of Economic and Demographic Research certified to the Department of Revenue on April 2, 2024, that the ending balance in the Unemployment Compensation Trust Fund exceeded the amount specified in sub-sub-subparagraph (III), thus triggering the repeal of sub-subparagraph e. pursuant to sub-sub-subparagraph (IV).
212.202 Renaming and continuation of certain funds.—The Local Government Infrastructure Tax Trust Fund is hereby retitled the Discretionary Sales Surtax Clearing Trust Fund. The Mail Order Sales Tax Clearing Trust Fund is retitled the Communications Services Tax Clearing Trust Fund. Notwithstanding the repeal of s. 212.237 by s. 45, chapter 89-356, the Solid Waste Management Trust Fund shall continue to exist.
History.—s. 40, ch. 89-356; s. 33, ch. 2001-140.
212.205 Sales tax distribution reporting.—By March 15 of each year, each person who received a distribution pursuant to s. 212.20(6)(d)6.b. and c. in the preceding calendar year shall report to the Office of Economic and Demographic Research the following information:
(1) An itemized accounting of all expenditures of the funds distributed in the preceding calendar year, including amounts spent on debt service.
(2) A statement indicating what portion of the distributed funds have been pledged for debt service.
(3) The original principal amount and current debt service schedule of any bonds or other borrowing for which the distributed funds have been pledged for debt service.
History.—s. 38, ch. 2018-118; s. 26, ch. 2021-31; s. 18, ch. 2023-173.
212.21 Declaration of legislative intent.—
(1) If any section, subsection, sentence, clause, phrase or word of this chapter is for any reason held or declared to be unconstitutional, invalid, inoperative, ineffective, inapplicable, or void, such invalidity or unconstitutionality shall not be construed to affect the portions of this chapter not so held to be unconstitutional, void, invalid, or ineffective, or affect the application of this chapter to other circumstances not so held to be invalid, it being hereby declared to be the express legislative intent that any such unconstitutional, illegal, invalid, ineffective, inapplicable, or void portion or portions of this chapter did not induce its passage, and that without the inclusion of any such unconstitutional, illegal, invalid, ineffective, or void portions of this chapter, the Legislature would have enacted the valid and constitutional portions thereof.
(2) It is hereby declared to be the specific legislative intent to tax each and every sale, admission, use, storage, consumption, or rental levied and set forth in this chapter, except as to such sale, admission, use, storage, consumption, or rental as shall be specifically exempted therefrom by this chapter subject to the conditions appertaining to such exemption. It is further declared to be the specific legislative intent that should any exemption or attempted exemption from the tax or the operation or imposition of the tax or taxes be declared to be invalid, ineffective, inapplicable, unconstitutional, or void for any reason, such declaration shall not affect the tax or taxes imposed herein, but such sale, admission, use, storage, consumption, or rental, or any of them exempted or attempted to be exempted from the tax or taxes or the operation or the imposition of the tax or taxes, shall be subject to the tax or taxes and the operation and imposition thereof to the same extent as if such exemption or attempted exemption had never been included herein.
(3) It is further declared to be the specific legislative intent to exempt from the tax or taxes or from the operation or the imposition thereof only such sales, admissions, uses, storages, consumption, or rentals in relation to or in respect of the things set forth by this chapter as exempted from the tax to the extent that such exemptions are in accordance with the provisions of the constitutions of the state and of the United States. It is further declared to be the specific legislative intent to tax each and every taxable privilege made subject to the tax or taxes, except such sales, admissions, uses, storages, consumptions, or rentals as are specifically exempted therefrom by this chapter to the extent that such exemptions are in accordance with the provisions of the constitutions of the state and of the United States.
(4) It being further declared to be the specific legislative intent that in the event any exemption or attempted exemption of any sale, admissions, use, storage, consumption, or rental from the tax or taxes imposed by this chapter is for any reason declared to be unconstitutional, ineffective, inapplicable, or void, that then and in such event each and every such sale, admission, use, storage, consumption, or rental shall be subject to the tax or taxes imposed by this chapter as fully and to the same extent as if such exemption or attempted exemption had never been included herein, it being declared to be the specific legislative intent that no unconstitutional, invalid, ineffective, inapplicable, or void exemption or attempted exemption or exemptions or attempted exemptions induced the passage of this chapter, it being further declared to be the specific legislative intent that without the inclusion herein of any such unconstitutional, invalid, ineffective, inapplicable, or void exemption or attempted exemption, exemptions or attempted exemptions, the valid portions of this chapter would have been enacted.
(5) It is the legislative intent that the repeal of any provision heretofore exempting in whole or part any item or transaction from the tax imposed by this chapter shall result in the full imposition of the applicable tax to any such item or transaction.
History.—s. 21, ch. 26319, 1949; s. 16, ch. 67-180; s. 14, ch. 68-27; s. 18, ch. 69-222; s. 22, ch. 87-6; s. 33, ch. 87-548.
212.211 Savings provision.—Nothing herein contained shall be construed as repealing any general or special act authorizing a municipality to levy a special tax upon admission tickets which said tax is now being levied by such municipality.
History.—s. 23, ch. 26319, 1949.
Note.—Former s. 212.22.