Chapter 220 - 2024 Florida Statutes

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2024 Florida Statutes

Title XIV TAXATION AND FINANCE

Chapter 220
INCOME TAX CODE

CHAPTER 220

INCOME TAX CODE

PART I

LEGISLATIVE INTENT; DEFINITIONS

(ss. 220.02, 220.03)

PART II

TAX IMPOSED; APPORTIONMENT

(ss. 220.11-220.1992)

PART III

RETURNS; DECLARATIONS; RECORDS

(ss. 220.21-220.242)

PART IV

PAYMENTS

(ss. 220.31-220.34)

PART V

ACCOUNTING

(ss. 220.41-220.44)

PART VI

MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

(ss. 220.51-220.54)

PART VII

SPECIAL RULES RELATING TO TAXATION OF BANKS AND SAVINGS
ASSOCIATIONS

(ss. 220.62-220.65)

PART VIII

ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES AND JUDICIAL
REVIEW

(ss. 220.701-220.739)

PART IX

PENALTIES, INTEREST, AND ENFORCEMENT

(ss. 220.801-220.829)

PART X

TAX CRIMES

(ss. 220.901-220.905)

PART I

LEGISLATIVE INTENT;
DEFINITIONS

220.02 Legislative intent.

220.03 Definitions.

220.02 Legislative intent.—

(1) It is the intent of the Legislature in enacting this code to impose a tax upon all corporations, organizations, associations, and other artificial entities which derive from this state or from any other jurisdiction permanent and inherent attributes not inherent in or available to natural persons, such as perpetual life, transferable ownership represented by shares or certificates, and limited liability for all owners. It is intended that any limited liability company that is classified as a partnership for federal income tax purposes and is defined in and organized pursuant to chapter 605 or qualified to do business in this state as a foreign limited liability company not be subject to the tax imposed by this code. It is the intent of the Legislature to subject such corporations and other entities to taxation hereunder for the privilege of conducting business, deriving income, or existing within this state. This code is not intended to tax, and shall not be construed so as to tax, any natural person who engages in a trade, business, or profession in this state under his or her own or any fictitious name, whether individually as a proprietorship or in partnership with others, or as a member or a manager of a limited liability company classified as a partnership for federal income tax purposes; any estate of a decedent or incompetent; or any testamentary trust. However, a corporation or other taxable entity which is or which becomes partners with one or more natural persons shall not, merely by reason of being a partner, exclude from its net income subject to tax its respective share of partnership net income. This statement of intent shall be given preeminent consideration in any construction or interpretation of this code in order to avoid any conflict between this code and the mandate in s. 5, Art. VII of the State Constitution that no income tax be levied upon natural persons who are residents and citizens of this state.

(2) It is the intent of the Legislature that the tax levied by this code be construed to be an excise or privilege tax measured by net income and that such tax not be deemed or construed to be a property tax or a tax on property or a tax measured by the value of property for any purpose.

(3) It is the intent of the Legislature that the income tax imposed by this code utilize, to the greatest extent possible, concepts of law which have been developed in connection with the income tax laws of the United States, in order to:

(a) Minimize the expenses of the Department of Revenue and difficulties in administering this code;

(b) Minimize the costs and difficulties of taxpayer compliance; and

(c) Maximize, for both revenue and statistical purposes, the sharing of information between the state and the Federal Government.

(4) It is the intent of the Legislature that the tax imposed by this code be prospective in effect only. Consistent with this intention and the intent expressed in subsection (3), it is hereby declared to be the intent of the Legislature that:

(a) “Income,” for purposes of this code, including gains from the sale, exchange, or other disposition of property, be deemed to be created for Florida income tax purposes at such time as such income is realized for federal income tax purposes;

(b) No accretion of value, no accrual of gain, and no acquisition of a right to receive or accrue income which has occurred or been generated prior to November 2, 1971, be deemed to be “property,” or an interest in property, for any purpose under this code; and

(c) All income realized for federal income tax purposes after November 2, 1971, be subject to taxation in full by this state and be taxed in the manner and to the extent provided in this code.

(5) It is the intent of the Legislature that, if there is included in any taxpayer’s net income subject to tax under this code any item or items of income which are determined to be improperly so included because of a conflict with any federal statute, the Constitution of the United States, or the State Constitution, all such items of income be excluded from the net incomes of all taxpayers subject to tax under this code, but all other provisions of this chapter, and their application, not be invalidated or in any way impaired by such required exclusion of an item or items of income.

(6)(a) It is the intent of the Legislature that the enterprise zone jobs credit provided by s. 220.181 be applicable only to those businesses located in an enterprise zone. It is further the intent of the Legislature to provide an incentive for the increased provision of employment opportunities leading to the improvement of the quality of life of those employed and the positive expansion of the economy of the state as well as the economy of present enterprise zones.

(b) Any person charged with any criminal offense arising from a civil disorder associated with an emergency, as defined in s. 220.03(1)(i), and found guilty, whether or not adjudication of guilt or imposition of sentence is suspended, deferred, or withheld, is not eligible to make application for, receive, or in any other manner enjoy the benefits or any form of assistance available under chapter 80-247, Laws of Florida.

(7)(a) It is the intent of the Legislature that the enterprise zone property tax credit provided by s. 220.182 be applicable only to those new or expanded businesses located in enterprise zones which make a positive expansionary contribution to the economy of this state and to the economy of their local communities in terms of new jobs for residents of enterprise zones and improvements to real and personal property located in enterprise zones.

¹(8) It is the intent of the Legislature that credits against either the corporate income tax or the franchise tax be applied in the following order: those enumerated in s. 631.828, those enumerated in s. 220.191, those enumerated in s. 220.181, those enumerated in s. 220.183, those enumerated in s. 220.182, those enumerated in s. 220.1895, those enumerated in s. 220.195, those enumerated in s. 220.184, those enumerated in s. 220.186, those enumerated in s. 220.1845, those enumerated in s. 220.19, those enumerated in s. 220.185, those enumerated in s. 220.1875, those enumerated in s. 220.1876, those enumerated in s. 220.1877, those enumerated in s. 220.1878, those enumerated in s. 220.193, those enumerated in former s. 288.9916, those enumerated in former s. 220.1899, those enumerated in former s. 220.194, those enumerated in s. 220.196, those enumerated in s. 220.198, those enumerated in s. 220.1915, those enumerated in s. 220.199, those enumerated in s. 220.1991, and those enumerated in s. 220.1992.

(9) Notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter, it is the intent of the Legislature that, except as otherwise provided under the Internal Revenue Code, for the purposes of this chapter, the term “qualified subchapter S subsidiary,” as that term is defined in s. 1361(b)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code, shall not be treated as a separate corporation or entity from the S corporation parent to which the subsidiary’s assets, liabilities, income, deductions, and credits are attributed under s. 1361(b)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code.

History.—s. 1, ch. 71-984; s. 1, ch. 72-278; s. 5, ch. 80-77; ss. 1, 5, 6, ch. 80-247; ss. 1, 9, 10, ch. 80-248; s. 2, ch. 82-119; s. 3, ch. 82-177; s. 5, ch. 82-232; s. 59, ch. 83-3; s. 11, ch. 83-297; ss. 18, 19, ch. 83-310; s. 10, ch. 83-334; s. 36, ch. 84-356; s. 16, ch. 87-99; s. 15, ch. 88-201; s. 22, ch. 88-388; s. 8, ch. 89-167; s. 48, ch. 94-136; s. 1517, ch. 95-147; s. 3, ch. 97-50; s. 1, ch. 98-61; s. 2, ch. 98-100; s. 7, ch. 98-101; s. 11, ch. 98-132; s. 2, ch. 98-189; s. 1, ch. 98-293; s. 22, ch. 98-342; s. 94, ch. 99-2; ss. 16, 17, ch. 99-378; ss. 29, 30, ch. 2000-210; s. 6, ch. 2001-225; s. 23, ch. 2005-287; s. 11, ch. 2006-230; s. 2, ch. 2009-50; s. 5, ch. 2010-24; s. 11, ch. 2010-147; ss. 5, 6, ch. 2011-76; s. 14, ch. 2013-16; s. 15, ch. 2015-148; s. 25, ch. 2015-221; s. 41, ch. 2020-2; s. 29, ch. 2021-31; s. 4, ch. 2021-193; s. 25, ch. 2022-97; s. 17, ch. 2023-17; s. 27, ch. 2023-157; s. 21, ch. 2023-173; s. 36, ch. 2024-158.

¹Note.—

A. Section 12, ch. 2021-193, provides that “[t]he Department of Revenue is authorized, and all conditions are deemed met, to adopt emergency rules under s. 120.54(4), Florida Statutes, for the purpose of implementing provisions related to the New Worlds Reading Initiative Tax Credit created by this act. Notwithstanding any other law, emergency rules adopted under this section are effective for 6 months after adoption and may be renewed during the pendency of procedures to adopt permanent rules addressing the subject of the emergency rules.”

B. Section 41, ch. 2022-97, provides that “[t]he Department of Revenue is authorized, and all conditions are deemed met, to adopt emergency rules under s. 120.54(4), Florida Statutes, for the purpose of implementing changes related to the Strong Families tax credit program and the New Worlds Reading Initiative tax credit program made by this act. Notwithstanding any other law, emergency rules adopted under this section are effective for 6 months after adoption and may be renewed during the pendency of procedures to adopt permanent rules addressing the subject of the emergency rules.”

C. Section 43, ch. 2023-17, provides:

“(1) The Department of Revenue is authorized, and all conditions are deemed met, to adopt emergency rules under s. 120.54(4), Florida Statutes, for the purpose of implementing provisions related to the Live Local Program created by this act. Notwithstanding any other law, emergency rules adopted under this section are effective for 6 months after adoption and may be renewed during the pendency of procedures to adopt permanent rules addressing the subject of the emergency rules.

“(2) This section expires July 1, 2026.”

¹220.03 Definitions.—

(1) SPECIFIC TERMS.—When used in this code, and when not otherwise distinctly expressed or manifestly incompatible with the intent thereof, the following terms shall have the following meanings:

(a) “Ad valorem taxes paid” means 96 percent of property taxes levied for operating purposes and does not include interest, penalties, or discounts foregone. In addition, the term “ad valorem taxes paid,” for purposes of the credit in s. 220.182, means the ad valorem tax paid on new or additional real or personal property acquired to establish a new business or facilitate a business expansion, including pollution and waste control facilities, or any part thereof, and including one or more buildings or other structures, machinery, fixtures, and equipment. This paragraph expires on the date specified in s. 290.016 for the expiration of the Florida Enterprise Zone Act.

(b) “Affiliated group of corporations” means two or more corporations which constitute an affiliated group of corporations as defined in s. 1504(a) of the Internal Revenue Code.

(c) “Business” or “business firm” means any business entity authorized to do business in this state as defined in paragraph (e), and any bank or savings and loan association as defined in s. 220.62, subject to the tax imposed by the provisions of this chapter. This paragraph expires on the date specified in s. 290.016 for the expiration of the Florida Enterprise Zone Act.

(d) “Community Contribution” means the grant by a business firm of any of the following items:

1. Cash or other liquid assets.

2. Real property, which for purposes of this subparagraph includes 100 percent ownership of a real property holding company. The term “real property holding company” means a Florida entity, such as a Florida limited liability company, that:

a. Is wholly owned by the business firm.

b. Is the sole owner of real property, as defined in s. 192.001(12), located in the state.

c. Is disregarded as an entity for federal income tax purposes pursuant to 26 C.F.R. s. 301.7701-3(b)(1)(ii).

d. At the time of contribution to an eligible sponsor, has no material assets other than the real property and any other property that qualifies as a community contribution.

3. Goods or inventory.

4. Other physical resources as identified by the department.

(e) “Corporation” includes all domestic corporations; foreign corporations qualified to do business in this state or actually doing business in this state; joint-stock companies; limited liability companies, under chapter 605; common-law declarations of trust, under chapter 609; corporations not for profit, under chapter 617; agricultural cooperative marketing associations, under chapter 618; professional service corporations, under chapter 621; foreign unincorporated associations, under chapter 622; private school corporations, under chapter 623; foreign corporations not for profit which are carrying on their activities in this state; and all other organizations, associations, legal entities, and artificial persons which are created by or pursuant to the statutes of this state, the United States, or any other state, territory, possession, or jurisdiction. The term “corporation” does not include proprietorships, even if using a fictitious name; partnerships of any type, as such; limited liability companies that are taxable as partnerships for federal income tax purposes; state or public fairs or expositions, under chapter 616; estates of decedents or incompetents; testamentary trusts; or private trusts.

(f) “Department” means the Department of Revenue of this state.

(g) “Director” means the executive director of the Department of Revenue and, when there has been an appropriate delegation of authority, the executive director’s delegate.

(h) “Earned,” “accrued,” “paid,” or “incurred” shall be construed according to the method of accounting upon the basis of which a taxpayer’s income is computed under this code.

(i) “Emergency,” as used in s. 220.02 and in paragraph (u) of this subsection, means occurrence of widespread or severe damage, injury, or loss of life or property proclaimed pursuant to s. 14.022 or declared pursuant to s. 252.36. This paragraph expires on the date specified in s. 290.016 for the expiration of the Florida Enterprise Zone Act.

(j) “Enterprise zone” means an area in the state designated pursuant to s. 290.0065. This paragraph expires on the date specified in s. 290.016 for the expiration of the Florida Enterprise Zone Act.

(k) “Expansion of an existing business,” for the purposes of the enterprise zone property tax credit, means any business entity authorized to do business in this state as defined in paragraph (e), and any bank or savings and loan association as defined in s. 220.62, subject to the tax imposed by the provisions of this chapter, located in an enterprise zone, which expands by or through additions to real and personal property and which establishes five or more new jobs to employ five or more additional full-time employees at such location. This paragraph expires on the date specified in s. 290.016 for the expiration of the Florida Enterprise Zone Act.

(l) “Fiscal year” means an accounting period of 12 months or less ending on the last day of any month other than December or, in the case of a taxpayer with an annual accounting period of 52-53 weeks under s. 441(f) of the Internal Revenue Code, the period determined under that subsection.

(m) “Includes” or “including,” when used in a definition contained in this code, shall not be deemed to exclude other things otherwise within the meaning of the term defined.

²(n) “Internal Revenue Code” means the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended and in effect on January 1, 2024, except as provided in subsection (3).

(o) “Local government” means any county or incorporated municipality in the state. This paragraph expires on the date specified in s. 290.016 for the expiration of the Florida Enterprise Zone Act.

(p) “New business,” for the purposes of the enterprise zone property tax credit, means any business entity authorized to do business in this state as defined in paragraph (e), or any bank or savings and loan association as defined in s. 220.62, subject to the tax imposed by the provisions of this chapter, first beginning operations on a site located in an enterprise zone and clearly separate from any other commercial or industrial operations owned by the same entity, bank, or savings and loan association and which establishes five or more new jobs to employ five or more additional full-time employees at such location. This paragraph expires on the date specified in s. 290.016 for the expiration of the Florida Enterprise Zone Act.

(q) “New employee,” for the purposes of the enterprise zone jobs credit, means a person residing in an enterprise zone or a participant in the welfare transition program who is employed at a business located in an enterprise zone who begins employment in the operations of the business after July 1, 1995, and who has not been previously employed full time within the preceding 12 months by the business or a successor business claiming the credit pursuant to s. 220.181. A person shall be deemed to be employed by such a business if the person performs duties in connection with the operations of the business on a full-time basis, provided she or he is performing such duties for an average of at least 36 hours per week each month. The person must be performing such duties at a business site located in an enterprise zone. This paragraph expires on the date specified in s. 290.016 for the expiration of the Florida Enterprise Zone Act.

(r) “Nonbusiness income” means rents and royalties from real or tangible personal property, capital gains, interest, dividends, and patent and copyright royalties, to the extent that they do not arise from transactions and activities in the regular course of the taxpayer’s trade or business. The term “nonbusiness income” does not include income from tangible and intangible property if the acquisition, management, and disposition of the property constitute integral parts of the taxpayer’s regular trade or business operations, or any amounts which could be included in apportionable income without violating the due process clause of the United States Constitution. For purposes of this definition, “income” means gross receipts less all expenses directly or indirectly attributable thereto. Functionally related dividends are presumed to be business income.

(s) “Partnership” includes a syndicate, group, pool, joint venture, or other unincorporated organization through or by means of which any business, financial operation, or venture is carried on, including a limited partnership; and the term “partner” includes a member having a capital or a profits interest in a partnership.

(t) “Project” means any activity undertaken by an eligible sponsor, as defined in s. 220.183(2)(c), which is designed to construct, improve, or substantially rehabilitate housing that is affordable to low-income or very-low-income households as defined in s. 420.9071(20) and (30); designed to provide housing opportunities for persons with special needs as defined in s. 420.0004; designed to provide commercial, industrial, or public resources and facilities; or designed to improve entrepreneurial and job-development opportunities for low-income persons. A project may be the investment necessary to increase access to high-speed broadband capability in a rural community that had an enterprise zone designated pursuant to chapter 290 as of May 1, 2015, including projects that result in improvements to communications assets that are owned by a business. A project may include the provision of museum educational programs and materials that are directly related to any project approved between January 1, 1996, and December 31, 1999, and located in an area that was in an enterprise zone designated pursuant to s. 290.0065 as of May 1, 2015. This paragraph does not preclude projects that propose to construct or rehabilitate low-income or very-low-income housing on scattered sites or housing opportunities for persons with special needs as defined in s. 420.0004. With respect to housing, contributions may be used to pay the following eligible project-related activities:

1. Project development, impact, and management fees for special needs, low-income, or very-low-income housing projects;

2. Down payment and closing costs for eligible persons, as defined in s. 420.9071(20) and (30);

3. Administrative costs, including housing counseling and marketing fees, not to exceed 10 percent of the community contribution, directly related to special needs, low-income, or very-low-income projects; and

4. Removal of liens recorded against residential property by municipal, county, or special-district local governments when satisfaction of the lien is a necessary precedent to the transfer of the property to an eligible person, as defined in s. 420.9071(20) and (30), for the purpose of promoting home ownership. Contributions for lien removal must be received from a nonrelated third party.

(u) “Rebuilding of an existing business” means replacement or restoration of real or tangible property destroyed or damaged in an emergency, as defined in paragraph (i), after July 1, 1995, in an enterprise zone, by a business entity authorized to do business in this state as defined in paragraph (e), or a bank or savings and loan association as defined in s. 220.62, subject to the tax imposed by the provisions of this chapter, located in the enterprise zone. This paragraph expires on the date specified in s. 290.016 for the expiration of the Florida Enterprise Zone Act.

(v) “Regulations” includes rules promulgated, and forms prescribed, by the department.

(w) “Returns” includes declarations of estimated tax required under this code.

(x) “State,” when applied to a jurisdiction other than Florida, means any state of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, any territory or possession of the United States, and any foreign country, or any political subdivision of any of the foregoing.

(y) “Taxable year” means the calendar or fiscal year upon the basis of which net income is computed under this code, including, in the case of a return made for a fractional part of a year, the period for which such return is made.

(z) “Taxpayer” means any corporation subject to the tax imposed by this code, and includes all corporations for which a consolidated return is filed under s. 220.131. However, “taxpayer” does not include a corporation having no individuals (including individuals employed by an affiliate) receiving compensation in this state as defined in s. 220.15 when the only property owned or leased by said corporation (including an affiliate) in this state is located at the premises of a printer with which it has contracted for printing, if such property consists of the final printed product, property which becomes a part of the final printed product, or property from which the printed product is produced.

(aa) “Functionally related dividends” include the following types of dividends:

1. Those received from a subsidiary of which the voting stock is more than 50 percent owned or controlled by the taxpayer or members of its affiliated group and which is engaged in the same general line of business.

2. Those received from any corporation which is either a significant source of supply for the taxpayer or its affiliated group or a significant purchaser of the output of the taxpayer or its affiliated group, or which sells a significant part of its output or obtains a significant part of its raw materials or input from the taxpayer or its affiliated group. “Significant” means an amount of 15 percent or more.

3. Those resulting from the investment of working capital or some other purpose in furtherance of the taxpayer or its affiliated group.

However, dividends not otherwise subject to tax under this chapter are excluded.

(bb) “Child care facility startup costs” means expenditures for substantial renovation, equipment, including playground equipment and kitchen appliances and cooking equipment, real property, including land and improvements, and for reduction of debt, made in connection with a child care facility as defined by s. 402.302, or any facility providing daily care to children who are mildly ill, which is located in this state on the taxpayer’s premises and used by the employees of the taxpayer.

(cc) “Operation of a child care facility” means operation of a child care facility as defined by s. 402.302, or any facility providing daily care to children who are mildly ill, which is located in this state within 5 miles of at least one place of business of the taxpayer and which is used by the employees of the taxpayer.

(dd) “Citrus processing company” means a corporation which, during the 60-month period ending on December 31, 1997, had derived more than 50 percent of its total gross receipts from the processing of citrus products and the manufacture of juices.

(ee) “New job has been created” means that, on the date of application, the total number of full-time jobs is greater than the total was 12 months prior to that date, as demonstrated to the department by a business located in the enterprise zone.

(ff) “Job” means a full-time position, as consistent with terms used by the Department of Commerce and the United States Department of Labor for purposes of reemployment assistance tax administration and employment estimation resulting directly from business operations in this state. The term may not include a temporary construction job involved with the construction of facilities or any job that has previously been included in any application for tax credits under s. 212.096. The term also includes employment of an employee leased from an employee leasing company licensed under chapter 468 if the employee has been continuously leased to the employer for an average of at least 36 hours per week for more than 6 months.

(2) DEFINITIONAL RULES.—When used in this code and neither otherwise distinctly expressed nor manifestly incompatible with the intent thereof:

(a) The word “corporation” or “taxpayer” includes the words “and its successors and assigns” as if these words, or words of similar import, were expressed.

(b) Any term used in any section of this code with respect to the application of, or in connection with, the provisions of any other section of this code has the same meaning as in such other section.

²(c) Any term used in this code has the same meaning as when used in a comparable context in the Internal Revenue Code and other statutes of the United States relating to federal income taxes, as such code and statutes are in effect on January 1, 2024. However, if subsection (3) is implemented, the meaning of a term shall be taken at the time the term is applied under this code.

(3) FUTURE FEDERAL AMENDMENTS.—On or after January 1, 1972, when expressly authorized by law, any amendment to the Internal Revenue Code shall be given effect under this code in such manner and for such periods as are prescribed in the Internal Revenue Code, to the same extent as if such amendment had been adopted by the Legislature of this state. However, any such amendment shall have effect under this code only to the extent that the amended provision of the Internal Revenue Code shall be taken into account in the computation of net income subject to tax hereunder.

(4) It is the intent of the Legislature that all amendments to the Internal Revenue Code be given effect under the Florida Income Tax Code in such manner and for such periods as are prescribed in the Internal Revenue Code, to the same extent as if such amendments had been adopted by the Legislature of the state.

(5)(a) Notwithstanding any other provision of this code, each amendment to the Internal Revenue Code of 1954, as amended and in effect on January 1, 1980, which was enacted by the Congress of the United States after January 1, 1980, and before January 1, 1982, and which had an effective date prior to January 1, 1982, shall be given effect under this code retroactive to the effective date of such amendment unless the taxpayer makes the election provided for in paragraph (b) or in paragraph (c).

(b) Unless a taxpayer makes the election under paragraph (c), she or he may make an election, in the manner prescribed by the department, by August 26, 1982, or a taxpayer filing an initial return may make an election upon filing the first return for tax due under this chapter, whichever is later, to report and pay the tax levied by this chapter as if all such amendments described in paragraph (a) became effective on January 1, 1982. If such an election is made, all such amendments shall have no application to such taxpayer for periods prior to January 1, 1982, and all transactions and events occurring between January 1, 1980, and January 1, 1982, and the continuing tax ramifications of such events and transactions shall be governed by the law in effect on January 1, 1980.

(c) A taxpayer may make an election, in the manner prescribed by the department, by August 26, 1982, or a taxpayer filing an initial return may make an election upon filing the first return for the tax due under this chapter, whichever is later, to report and pay the tax levied by this chapter as if:

1. The Internal Revenue Code of 1954, as amended and in effect on January 1, 1980, is in effect indefinitely thereafter; and

2. Solely for the purpose of computing depreciation deductions, the provisions of chapter 220, Florida Statutes, 1980 Supplement, are in effect indefinitely thereafter.

For the purposes of taxation of taxpayers who make the election provided for in this paragraph, the Internal Revenue Code of 1954, as amended and in effect on January 1, 1980, shall include, for tax years beginning on or after January 1, 1982, the provisions of the Foreign Investment in Real Property Tax Act of 1980, Subtitle C of Title XI of Pub. L. No. 96-499 and the amendments to those provisions codified in the Internal Revenue Code, as defined in paragraph (1)(n). Taxpayers may one time only revoke an election made pursuant to this paragraph, in accordance with rules formulated by the department. Such revocation shall be prospective in nature, and all transactions and events occurring during the period during which the election provided for in this paragraph is in effect and the continuing tax ramifications of such events and transactions shall be governed by the provisions of this paragraph.

(d) Any taxpayer who has not made the election pursuant to paragraph (c) shall be subject to the provisions of chapter 221, and the provisions of that chapter shall be retroactively effective to the effective date of s. 168 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954, as amended, unless the taxpayer has made the election pursuant to paragraph (b), in which event the provisions of chapter 221 shall apply retroactively to January 1, 1982.

(e) Paragraphs (b) and (c) and any election made pursuant to such paragraphs shall expire and be void for taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 1987, except any depreciation method elected and applied to assets placed in service prior to January 1, 1987.

(f) Any taxpayer who made an election pursuant to paragraphs (b) and (c) for any prior taxable year shall recompute tax for all prior years for which such election was effective by determining the tax for all such taxable years as if the election had not been made, except for differences attributable to depreciation methods. The aggregate of the changes in the tax liabilities resulting from such recomputation shall be treated as an addition to tax or credit against tax, as the case may be, ratably over the five succeeding taxable years beginning after December 31, 1986. Any ratable portion of a credit against tax which cannot be utilized in any taxable year may be carried over to subsequent taxable years until fully utilized.

History.—s. 1, ch. 71-984; ss. 2, 3, ch. 72-278; s. 1, ch. 73-321; s. 1, ch. 74-324; s. 2, ch. 75-293; s. 1, ch. 76-173; s. 1, ch. 77-402; ss. 1, 2, ch. 78-58; s. 1, ch. 79-35; s. 1, ch. 80-15; s. 6, ch. 80-77; s. 2, ch. 80-199; ss. 2, 6, ch. 80-247; ss. 2, 10, ch. 80-248; s. 21, ch. 81-167; s. 126, ch. 81-259; s. 3, ch. 82-119; s. 4, ch. 82-177; ss. 1, 8, ch. 82-232; ss. 1, 9, ch. 82-385; ss. 4, 8, ch. 82-399; s. 19, ch. 83-55; s. 12, ch. 83-297; s. 11, ch. 83-334; s. 2, ch. 83-349; s. 37, ch. 84-356; ss. 4, 11, 13, 18, ch. 84-549; s. 3, ch. 85-118; s. 54, ch. 85-342; s. 12, ch. 86-121; s. 12, ch. 87-99; s. 14, ch. 87-102; s. 16, ch. 88-119; ss. 16, 29, ch. 88-201; s. 50, ch. 89-356; s. 37, ch. 90-132; s. 13, ch. 90-203; s. 1, ch. 91-19; s. 1, ch. 92-10; s. 3, ch. 92-207; s. 1, ch. 93-172; s. 7, ch. 93-233; s. 1, ch. 94-86; s. 49, ch. 94-136; s. 1518, ch. 95-147; s. 1, ch. 95-397; s. 1, ch. 96-250; s. 21, ch. 96-320; s. 35, ch. 96-397; s. 15, ch. 97-287; s. 21, ch. 98-57; s. 1, ch. 98-100; s. 9, ch. 98-101; s. 2, ch. 98-293; s. 21, ch. 98-342; s. 28, ch. 99-208; s. 11, ch. 2000-157; s. 37, ch. 2000-210; s. 22, ch. 2000-355; s. 6, ch. 2001-201; s. 1, ch. 2001-218; s. 39, ch. 2002-218; s. 1, ch. 2002-283; s. 2, ch. 2002-395; s. 1, ch. 2003-85; s. 1, ch. 2004-262; s. 1, ch. 2005-112; s. 2, ch. 2005-282; s. 24, ch. 2005-287; s. 4, ch. 2006-2; s. 1, ch. 2006-46; s. 2, ch. 2006-113; s. 1, ch. 2007-35; s. 1, ch. 2008-206; s. 1, ch. 2009-18; s. 1, ch. 2009-192; s. 1, ch. 2010-142; s. 88, ch. 2011-142; s. 1, ch. 2011-229; s. 48, ch. 2012-30; s. 3, ch. 2012-145; s. 1, ch. 2013-46; s. 1, ch. 2014-25; s. 1, ch. 2015-35; s. 16, ch. 2015-148; s. 18, ch. 2015-221; s. 1, ch. 2016-131; s. 13, ch. 2016-220; s. 30, ch. 2017-36; s. 1, ch. 2017-67; s. 1, ch. 2018-119; s. 1, ch. 2019-168; s. 1, ch. 2020-184; s. 12, ch. 2021-51; s. 1, ch. 2021-242; s. 26, ch. 2022-97; s. 28, ch. 2023-157; s. 56, ch. 2024-6; s. 37, ch. 2024-158.

¹Note.—

A. Section 5, ch. 2008-206, provides that “[t]he Department of Revenue may adopt rules necessary to administer the provisions of this act, including rules, forms, and guidelines for computing, claiming, and adding back bonus depreciation under s. 168(k) and deductions under s. 179 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.”

B. Section 3, ch. 2009-192, provides that “[t]he Department of Revenue may adopt rules necessary to administer the provisions of this act.”

²Note.—

A. Section 38, ch. 2024-158, provides:

“(1) The amendment made by this act to s. 220.03, Florida Statutes, operates retroactively to January 1, 2024.

“(2) This section shall take effect upon becoming a law.”

B. Section 61, ch. 2024-158, provides:

“(1) The Department of Revenue is authorized, and all conditions are deemed met, to adopt emergency rules pursuant to s. 120.54(4), Florida Statutes, to implement the amendments made by this act to ss. 206.9931, 212.05, 212.054, 213.21, 213.67, 220.03, 220.19, 220.1915, 624.509, and 624.5107, Florida Statutes, and the creation by this act of ss. 211.0254, 212.1835, 220.1992, 402.261, and 561.1214, Florida Statutes. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, emergency rules adopted pursuant to this subsection are effective for 6 months after adoption and may be renewed during the pendency of procedures to adopt permanent rules addressing the subject of the emergency rules.

“(2) This section shall take effect upon this act becoming a law and expires July 1, 2027.”

PART II

TAX IMPOSED; APPORTIONMENT

220.11 Tax imposed.

220.1105 Tax imposed; automatic refunds and downward adjustments to tax rates.

220.12 “Net income” defined.

220.13 “Adjusted federal income” defined.

220.131 Adjusted federal income; affiliated groups.

220.14 Exemption.

220.15 Apportionment of adjusted federal income.

220.151 Apportionment; methods for special industries.

220.152 Apportionment; other methods.

220.153 Apportionment by sales factor.

220.16 Allocation of nonbusiness income.

220.181 Enterprise zone jobs credit.

220.182 Enterprise zone property tax credit.

220.183 Community contribution tax credit.

220.184 Hazardous waste facility tax credit.

220.1845 Contaminated site rehabilitation tax credit.

220.185 State housing tax credit.

220.186 Credit for Florida alternative minimum tax.

220.1875 Credit for contributions to eligible nonprofit scholarship-funding organizations.

220.1876 Credit for contributions to the New Worlds Reading Initiative.

220.1877 Credit for contributions to eligible charitable organizations.

220.1878 Credit for contributions to the Live Local Program.

220.1895 Rural Job Tax Credit and Urban High-Crime Area Job Tax Credit.

220.19 Child care tax credits.

220.191 Capital investment tax credit.

220.1915 Credit for qualified railroad reconstruction or replacement expenditures.

220.193 Florida renewable energy production credit.

220.195 Emergency excise tax credit.

220.196 Research and development tax credit.

220.198 Experiential learning tax credit program.

220.199 Residential graywater system tax credit.

220.1991 Credit for manufacturing of human breast milk derived human milk fortifiers.

220.1992 Individuals with Unique Abilities Tax Credit Program.

220.11 Tax imposed.—

(1) A tax measured by net income is hereby imposed on every taxpayer for each taxable year for the privilege of conducting business, earning or receiving income in this state, or being a resident or citizen of this state. Such tax shall be in addition to all other occupation, excise, privilege, and property taxes imposed by this state or by any political subdivision thereof, including any municipality or other district, jurisdiction, or authority of this state.

(2)(a) The tax imposed by this section shall be an amount equal to 51/2 percent of the taxpayer’s net income for the taxable year, except as provided in paragraph (b).

(b) The tax rate imposed in paragraph (a) shall be adjusted as provided in s. 220.1105.

(3) The tax imposed by this section, for taxpayers determining taxable income under s. 220.13(2)(k), shall be an amount equal to 3.3 percent of the taxpayer’s net income for the taxable year.

(4) In the case of a taxpayer to which s. 55 of the Internal Revenue Code is applied for the taxable year, the amount of tax determined under this section shall be the greater of the tax determined under subsection (2) without the application of s. 55 of the Internal Revenue Code or the tax determined under subsection (3).

History.—s. 1, ch. 71-984; s. 21, ch. 84-549; s. 13, ch. 87-99; s. 17, ch. 88-119; s. 101, ch. 91-112; s. 5, ch. 2018-119; s. 39, ch. 2019-3.

220.1105 Tax imposed; automatic refunds and downward adjustments to tax rates.—

(1) As used in this section, the term:

(a) “Net collections” for a fiscal year means the total amount of taxes collected under this chapter by the department in a state fiscal year, including related interest and penalties, minus the total amount of refunds of taxes levied under this chapter and issued by the department in that fiscal year. No later than September 1 of each year, the Office of Economic and Demographic Research shall determine net collections for the most recent fiscal year.

(b) “Forecasted net collections” for a fiscal year means the amount of net collections forecasted for a fiscal year by the Revenue Estimating Conference on February 23, 2018.

(c) “Adjusted forecasted collections” for a fiscal year means forecasted net collections for a fiscal year multiplied by 1.07.

(d) “Tax rate imposed” is the tax rate as defined in ss. 220.11(2) and 220.63(2) adjusted as set forth in this section.

(2) The tax rate imposed shall be adjusted based on net collections in each of the fiscal years 2018-2019 through 2020-2021. If the net collections for a fiscal year exceed the adjusted forecasted collections for the same fiscal year, the tax rate imposed for taxable years beginning on or after January 1 of the calendar year in which the fiscal year ends shall be the tax rate imposed for taxable years beginning on or after January 1 of the preceding calendar year multiplied by the quotient of the adjusted forecasted collections for the fiscal year divided by the net collections for the same fiscal year. The resulting tax rate shall be rounded to the nearest thousandth and rounded down if the fourth digit to the right of the decimal point is the number five. The resulting tax rate shall be the tax rate imposed for subsequent taxable years for purposes of ss. 220.11(2) and 220.63(2) unless adjusted further under this section.

(3) By October 1, 2019, October 1, 2020, and October 1, 2021, the Department of Revenue shall calculate the tax rate imposed, if it is to be adjusted pursuant to subsection (2), and shall on that same date report the results of such calculation to the Governor, the President of the Senate, and the Speaker of the House of Representatives.

(4) For fiscal years 2018-2019 through 2020-2021, any amount by which net collections for a fiscal year exceed adjusted forecasted collections for that fiscal year shall only be used to provide refunds to corporate income tax payers as follows:

(a) For purposes of this subsection, the term:

1. “Eligible taxpayer” means:

a. For fiscal year 2018-2019, a taxpayer whose taxable year begins between April 1, 2017, and March 31, 2018, and whose final tax liability for such taxable year is greater than zero;

b. For fiscal year 2019-2020, a taxpayer whose taxable year begins between April 1, 2018, and March 31, 2019, and whose final tax liability for such taxable year is greater than zero; or

c. For fiscal year 2020-2021, a taxpayer whose taxable year begins between April 1, 2019, and March 31, 2020, and whose final tax liability for such taxable year is greater than zero.

2. “Excess collections” for a fiscal year means the amount by which net collections for a fiscal year exceeds adjusted forecasted collections for that fiscal year.

3. “Final tax liability” means the taxpayer’s amount of tax due under this chapter for a taxable year, reported on a return filed with the department, plus the amount of any credit taken on such return under s. 220.1875.

4. “Total eligible tax liability” for a fiscal year means the sum of final tax liabilities of all eligible taxpayers for a fiscal year as such liabilities are shown on the latest return filed with the department as of February 1 immediately following that fiscal year.

5. “Taxpayer refund share” for a fiscal year means an eligible taxpayer’s final tax liability as a percentage of the total eligible tax liability for that fiscal year.

6. “Taxpayer refund” for a fiscal year means the taxpayer refund share for a fiscal year multiplied by the excess collections for a fiscal year.

(b) No later than April 15 following a fiscal year, the department shall determine total eligible tax liability for that fiscal year, the taxpayer refund share for that fiscal year for each eligible taxpayer, and the taxpayer refund for that fiscal year for each eligible taxpayer.

(c) No later than May 1 following a fiscal year, the department shall refund a taxpayer refund for that fiscal year to each eligible taxpayer.

(5) For taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 2022, the tax rate adjustments pursuant to this section are repealed and the tax rate imposed for purposes of s. 220.11(2) and 220.63(2) is 5.5 percent.

History.—s. 4, ch. 2018-119; s. 2, ch. 2019-168; s. 25, ch. 2020-10.

220.12 “Net income” defined.—For purposes of this code, a taxpayer’s net income for a taxable year shall be its adjusted federal income, or that share of its adjusted federal income for such year which is apportioned to this state under s. 220.15, plus nonbusiness income allocated to this state pursuant to s. 220.16, less the exemption allowed by s. 220.14.

History.—s. 1, ch. 71-984; s. 23, ch. 83-349; s. 4, ch. 85-118; s. 14, ch. 90-203; s. 92, ch. 91-112; s. 36, ch. 96-397; s. 3, ch. 98-293.

¹220.13 “Adjusted federal income” defined.—

(1) The term “adjusted federal income” means an amount equal to the taxpayer’s taxable income as defined in subsection (2), or such taxable income of more than one taxpayer as provided in s. 220.131, for the taxable year, adjusted as follows:

²(a) Additions.—There shall be added to such taxable income:

1.a. The amount of any tax upon or measured by income, excluding taxes based on gross receipts or revenues, paid or accrued as a liability to the District of Columbia or any state of the United States which is deductible from gross income in the computation of taxable income for the taxable year.

b. Notwithstanding sub-subparagraph a., if a credit taken under s. 220.1875, s. 220.1876, s. 220.1877, or s. 220.1878 is added to taxable income in a previous taxable year under subparagraph 11. and is taken as a deduction for federal tax purposes in the current taxable year, the amount of the deduction allowed shall not be added to taxable income in the current year. The exception in this sub-subparagraph is intended to ensure that the credit under s. 220.1875, s. 220.1876, s. 220.1877, or s. 220.1878 is added in the applicable taxable year and does not result in a duplicate addition in a subsequent year.

2. The amount of interest which is excluded from taxable income under s. 103(a) of the Internal Revenue Code or any other federal law, less the associated expenses disallowed in the computation of taxable income under s. 265 of the Internal Revenue Code or any other law, excluding 60 percent of any amounts included in alternative minimum taxable income, as defined in s. 55(b)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code, if the taxpayer pays tax under s. 220.11(3).

3. In the case of a regulated investment company or real estate investment trust, an amount equal to the excess of the net long-term capital gain for the taxable year over the amount of the capital gain dividends attributable to the taxable year.

4. That portion of the wages or salaries paid or incurred for the taxable year which is equal to the amount of the credit allowable for the taxable year under s. 220.181. This subparagraph shall expire on the date specified in s. 290.016 for the expiration of the Florida Enterprise Zone Act.

5. That portion of the ad valorem school taxes paid or incurred for the taxable year which is equal to the amount of the credit allowable for the taxable year under s. 220.182. This subparagraph shall expire on the date specified in s. 290.016 for the expiration of the Florida Enterprise Zone Act.

6. The amount taken as a credit under s. 220.195 which is deductible from gross income in the computation of taxable income for the taxable year.

7. That portion of assessments to fund a guaranty association incurred for the taxable year which is equal to the amount of the credit allowable for the taxable year.

8. In the case of a nonprofit corporation which holds a pari-mutuel permit and which is exempt from federal income tax as a farmers’ cooperative, an amount equal to the excess of the gross income attributable to the pari-mutuel operations over the attributable expenses for the taxable year.

9. The amount taken as a credit for the taxable year under s. 220.1895.

10. Up to nine percent of the eligible basis of any designated project which is equal to the credit allowable for the taxable year under s. 220.185.

11. Any amount taken as a credit for the taxable year under s. 220.1875, s. 220.1876, s. 220.1877, or s. 220.1878. The addition in this subparagraph is intended to ensure that the same amount is not allowed for the tax purposes of this state as both a deduction from income and a credit against the tax. This addition is not intended to result in adding the same expense back to income more than once.

12. The amount taken as a credit for the taxable year under s. 220.193.

13. The amount taken as a credit for the taxable year under s. 220.196. The addition in this subparagraph is intended to ensure that the same amount is not allowed for the tax purposes of this state as both a deduction from income and a credit against the tax. The addition is not intended to result in adding the same expense back to income more than once.

14. The amount taken as a credit for the taxable year pursuant to s. 220.198.

15. The amount taken as a credit for the taxable year pursuant to s. 220.1915.

16. The amount taken as a credit for the taxable year pursuant to s. 220.199.

17. The amount taken as a credit for the taxable year pursuant to s. 220.1991.

(b) Subtractions.—

1. There shall be subtracted from such taxable income:

a. The net operating loss deduction allowable for federal income tax purposes under s. 172 of the Internal Revenue Code for the taxable year,

b. The net capital loss allowable for federal income tax purposes under s. 1212 of the Internal Revenue Code for the taxable year,

c. The excess charitable contribution deduction allowable for federal income tax purposes under s. 170(d)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code for the taxable year, and

d. The excess contributions deductions allowable for federal income tax purposes under s. 404 of the Internal Revenue Code for the taxable year.

However, a net operating loss and a capital loss shall never be carried back as a deduction to a prior taxable year, but all deductions attributable to such losses shall be deemed net operating loss carryovers and capital loss carryovers, respectively, and treated in the same manner, to the same extent, and for the same time periods as are prescribed for such carryovers in ss. 172 and 1212, respectively, of the Internal Revenue Code.

2. There shall be subtracted from such taxable income any amount to the extent included therein the following:

a. Dividends treated as received from sources without the United States, as determined under s. 862 of the Internal Revenue Code.

b. All amounts included in taxable income under s. 78, s. 951, or s. 951A of the Internal Revenue Code.

However, any amount subtracted under this subparagraph is allowed only to the extent such amount is not deductible in determining federal taxable income. As to any amount subtracted under this subparagraph, there shall be added to such taxable income all expenses deducted on the taxpayer’s return for the taxable year which are attributable, directly or indirectly, to such subtracted amount. Further, no amount shall be subtracted with respect to dividends paid or deemed paid by a Domestic International Sales Corporation.

3. In computing “adjusted federal income” for taxable years beginning after December 31, 1976, there shall be allowed as a deduction the amount of wages and salaries paid or incurred within this state for the taxable year for which no deduction is allowed pursuant to s. 280C(a) of the Internal Revenue Code (relating to credit for employment of certain new employees).

4. There shall be subtracted from such taxable income any amount of nonbusiness income included therein.

5. There shall be subtracted any amount of taxes of foreign countries allowable as credits for taxable years beginning on or after September 1, 1985, under s. 901 of the Internal Revenue Code to any corporation which derived less than 20 percent of its gross income or loss for its taxable year ended in 1984 from sources within the United States, as described in s. 861(a)(2)(A) of the Internal Revenue Code, not including credits allowed under ss. 902 and 960 of the Internal Revenue Code, withholding taxes on dividends within the meaning of sub-subparagraph 2.a., and withholding taxes on royalties, interest, technical service fees, and capital gains.

6. Notwithstanding any other provision of this code, except with respect to amounts subtracted pursuant to subparagraphs 1. and 3., any increment of any apportionment factor which is directly related to an increment of gross receipts or income which is deducted, subtracted, or otherwise excluded in determining adjusted federal income shall be excluded from both the numerator and denominator of such apportionment factor. Further, all valuations made for apportionment factor purposes shall be made on a basis consistent with the taxpayer’s method of accounting for federal income tax purposes.

1. In the case of any disposition made after October 19, 1980, the income from an installment sale shall be taken into account for the purposes of this code in the same manner that such income is taken into account for federal income tax purposes.

2. Any taxpayer who regularly sells or otherwise disposes of personal property on the installment plan and reports the income therefrom on the installment method for federal income tax purposes under s. 453(a) of the Internal Revenue Code shall report such income in the same manner under this code.

(d) Nonallowable deductions.—A deduction for net operating losses, net capital losses, or excess contributions deductions under ss. 170(d)(2), 172, 1212, and 404 of the Internal Revenue Code which has been allowed in a prior taxable year for Florida tax purposes shall not be allowed for Florida tax purposes, notwithstanding the fact that such deduction has not been fully utilized for federal tax purposes.

(e) Adjustments related to federal acts.—Taxpayers shall be required to make the adjustments prescribed in this paragraph for Florida tax purposes with respect to certain tax benefits received pursuant to the Economic Stimulus Act of 2008; the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009; the Small Business Jobs Act of 2010; the Tax Relief, Unemployment Insurance Reauthorization, and Job Creation Act of 2010; the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012; the Tax Increase Prevention Act of 2014; the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2016; the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017; and the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act of 2020.

1.a. There shall be added to such taxable income an amount equal to 100 percent of any amount deducted for federal income tax purposes as bonus depreciation for the taxable year pursuant to ss. 167 and 168(k) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended by s. 103 of Pub. L. No. 110-185; s. 1201 of Pub. L. No. 111-5; s. 2022 of Pub. L. No. 111-240; s. 401 of Pub. L. No. 111-312; s. 331 of Pub. L. No. 112-240; s. 125 of Pub. L. No. 113-295; s. 143 of Division Q of Pub. L. No. 114-113; and s. 13201 of Pub. L. No. 115-97, for property placed in service after December 31, 2007, and before January 1, 2027.

b. For the taxable year and for each of the 6 subsequent taxable years, there shall be subtracted from such taxable income an amount equal to one-seventh of the amount by which taxable income was increased pursuant to this subparagraph, notwithstanding any sale or other disposition of the property that is the subject of the adjustments and regardless of whether such property remains in service in the hands of the taxpayer.

c. The provisions of sub-subparagraph b. do not apply to amounts by which taxable income was increased pursuant to this subparagraph for amounts deducted for federal income tax purposes as bonus depreciation for qualified improvement property as defined in s. 168(e)(6) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended by s. 13204 of Pub. L. No. 115-97.

2. There shall be added to such taxable income an amount equal to 100 percent of any amount in excess of $128,000 deducted for federal income tax purposes for the taxable year pursuant to s. 179 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended by s. 102 of Pub. L. No. 110-185; s. 1202 of Pub. L. No. 111-5; s. 2021 of Pub. L. No. 111-240; s. 402 of Pub. L. No. 111-312; s. 315 of Pub. L. No. 112-240; and s. 127 of Pub. L. No. 113-295, for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2007, and before January 1, 2015. For the taxable year and for each of the 6 subsequent taxable years, there shall be subtracted from such taxable income one-seventh of the amount by which taxable income was increased pursuant to this subparagraph, notwithstanding any sale or other disposition of the property that is the subject of the adjustments and regardless of whether such property remains in service in the hands of the taxpayer.

3. There shall be added to such taxable income an amount equal to the amount of deferred income not included in such taxable income pursuant to s. 108(i)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended by s. 1231 of Pub. L. No. 111-5. There shall be subtracted from such taxable income an amount equal to the amount of deferred income included in such taxable income pursuant to s. 108(i)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended by s. 1231 of Pub. L. No. 111-5.

4. For taxable years beginning after December 31, 2018, and before January 1, 2021, there shall be added to such taxable income an amount equal to the excess, if any, of:

a. One hundred percent of any amount deducted for federal income tax purposes as business interest expense for the taxable year pursuant to s. 163(j) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended by s. 2306 of Pub. L. No. 116-136; over

b. One hundred percent of the amount that would be deductible for federal income tax purposes as business interest expense for the taxable year if calculated pursuant to s. 163(j) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended by s. 13301 of Pub. L. No. 115-97.

Any expense added back pursuant to this subparagraph shall be treated as a disallowed business expense carryforward from prior years for the year or years following the addition, until such time as the expense has been used.

5. With respect to qualified improvement property as defined in s. 168(e)(6) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended by s. 13204 of Pub. L. No. 115-97, that was placed in service on or after January 1, 2018:

a. There shall be added to such taxable income an amount equal to 100 percent of any amount deducted for federal income tax purposes under s. 167(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986. There shall be subtracted an amount equal to the amount of depreciation that would have been deductible pursuant to s. 167(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 in effect on January 1, 2020 and without regard to s. 2307 of Pub. L. No. 116-136, notwithstanding any sale or other disposition of the property that is the subject of the adjustments and regardless of whether such property remains in service in the hands of the taxpayer.

b. The department may adopt rules necessary to administer the provisions of this subparagraph, including rules, forms, and guidelines for computing depreciation on qualified improvement property, as defined in s. 168(e)(6) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.

6. For taxable years beginning after December 31, 2020, and before January 1, 2026, the changes made to the Internal Revenue Code by Pub. L. No. 116-260, Division EE, Title I, s. 116 and Title II, s. 210 shall not apply to this chapter. Taxable income under this section shall be calculated as though changes made by those sections were not made to the Internal Revenue Code. The Department of Revenue may adopt rules necessary to administer the provisions of this subparagraph, including rules, forms, and guidelines for treatment of expenses and depreciation related to these changes.

7. Subtractions available under this paragraph may be transferred to the surviving or acquiring entity following a merger or acquisition and used in the same manner and with the same limitations as specified by this paragraph.

8. The additions and subtractions specified in this paragraph are intended to adjust taxable income for Florida tax purposes, and, notwithstanding any other provision of this code, such additions and subtractions shall be permitted to change a taxpayer’s net operating loss for Florida tax purposes.

(2) For purposes of this section, a taxpayer’s taxable income for the taxable year means taxable income as defined in s. 63 of the Internal Revenue Code and properly reportable for federal income tax purposes for the taxable year, but subject to the limitations set forth in paragraph (1)(b) with respect to the deductions provided by ss. 172 (relating to net operating losses), 170(d)(2) (relating to excess charitable contributions), 404(a)(1)(D) (relating to excess pension trust contributions), 404(a)(3)(A) and (B) (to the extent relating to excess stock bonus and profit-sharing trust contributions), and 1212 (relating to capital losses) of the Internal Revenue Code, except that, subject to the same limitations, the term:

(a) “Taxable income,” in the case of a life insurance company subject to the tax imposed by s. 801 of the Internal Revenue Code, means life insurance company taxable income; however, for purposes of this code, the total of any amounts subject to tax under s. 815(a)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code pursuant to s. 801(c) of the Internal Revenue Code shall not exceed, cumulatively, the total of any amounts determined under s. 815(c)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954, as amended, from January 1, 1972, to December 31, 1983;

(b) “Taxable income,” in the case of an insurance company subject to the tax imposed by s. 831(b) of the Internal Revenue Code, means taxable investment income;

(c) “Taxable income,” in the case of an insurance company subject to the tax imposed by s. 831(a) of the Internal Revenue Code, means insurance company taxable income;

(d) “Taxable income,” in the case of a regulated investment company subject to the tax imposed by s. 852 of the Internal Revenue Code, means investment company taxable income;

(e) “Taxable income,” in the case of a real estate investment trust subject to the tax imposed by s. 857 of the Internal Revenue Code, means the income subject to tax, computed as provided in s. 857 of the Internal Revenue Code;

(f) “Taxable income,” in the case of a corporation which is a member of an affiliated group of corporations filing a consolidated income tax return for the taxable year for federal income tax purposes, means taxable income of such corporation for federal income tax purposes as if such corporation had filed a separate federal income tax return for the taxable year and each preceding taxable year for which it was a member of an affiliated group, unless a consolidated return for the taxpayer and others is required or elected under s. 220.131;

(g) “Taxable income,” in the case of a cooperative corporation or association, means the taxable income of such organization determined in accordance with the provisions of ss. 1381-1388 of the Internal Revenue Code;

(h) “Taxable income,” in the case of an organization which is exempt from the federal income tax by reason of s. 501(a) of the Internal Revenue Code, means its unrelated business taxable income as determined under s. 512 of the Internal Revenue Code;

(i) “Taxable income,” in the case of a corporation for which there is in effect for the taxable year an election under s. 1362(a) of the Internal Revenue Code, means the amounts subject to tax under s. 1374 or s. 1375 of the Internal Revenue Code for each taxable year;

(j) “Taxable income,” in the case of a limited liability company, other than a limited liability company classified as a partnership for federal income tax purposes, as defined in and organized pursuant to chapter 605 or qualified to do business in this state as a foreign limited liability company or other than a similar limited liability company classified as a partnership for federal income tax purposes and created as an artificial entity pursuant to the statutes of the United States or any other state, territory, possession, or jurisdiction, if such limited liability company or similar entity is taxable as a corporation for federal income tax purposes, means taxable income determined as if such limited liability company were required to file or had filed a federal corporate income tax return under the Internal Revenue Code;

(k) “Taxable income,” in the case of a taxpayer liable for the alternative minimum tax as defined in s. 55 of the Internal Revenue Code, means the alternative minimum taxable income as defined in s. 55(b)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code, less the exemption amount computed under s. 55(d) of the Internal Revenue Code. A taxpayer is not liable for the alternative minimum tax unless the taxpayer’s federal tax return, or related federal consolidated tax return, if included in a consolidated return for federal tax purposes, reflect a liability on the return filed for the alternative minimum tax as defined in s. 55(b)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code;

(l) “Taxable income,” in the case of a taxpayer whose taxable income is not otherwise defined in this subsection, means the sum of amounts to which a tax rate specified in s. 11 of the Internal Revenue Code plus the amount to which a tax rate specified in s. 1201(a)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code are applied for federal income tax purposes.

History.—s. 1, ch. 71-984; ss. 4, 7, ch. 72-278; s. 1, ch. 73-321; s. 6, ch. 74-324; s. 1, ch. 78-230; ss. 4, 6, ch. 80-247; ss. 8, 10, ch. 80-248; s. 5, ch. 82-177; s. 2, ch. 82-232; s. 2, ch. 82-385; s. 5, ch. 82-399; s. 2, ch. 82-410; s. 60, ch. 83-3; s. 13, ch. 83-297; s. 3, ch. 83-349; s. 17, ch. 84-282; s. 38, ch. 84-356; ss. 5, 7, 24, ch. 84-549; s. 17, ch. 86-121; s. 14, ch. 87-99; s. 15, ch. 90-203; s. 18, ch. 93-233; s. 50, ch. 94-136; s. 70, ch. 94-353; s. 4, ch. 97-50; s. 10, ch. 98-101; s. 18, ch. 99-378; s. 7, ch. 2001-225; s. 5, ch. 2006-113; s. 14, ch. 2006-230; s. 2, ch. 2008-206; s, 2, ch. 2009-18; s. 3, ch. 2009-50; s. 2, ch. 2009-192; s. 6, ch. 2010-24; s. 12, ch. 2010-147; ss. 7, 8, ch. 2011-76; s. 2, ch. 2011-229; s. 2, ch. 2013-46; s. 2, ch. 2015-35; s. 17, ch. 2015-148; s. 14, ch. 2016-220; s. 6, ch. 2018-6; s. 2, ch. 2018-119; s. 3, ch. 2019-168; s. 42, ch. 2020-2; s. 30, ch. 2021-31; s. 5, ch. 2021-193; s. 3, ch. 2021-242; s. 28, ch. 2022-97; s. 18, ch. 2023-17; s. 30, ch. 2023-157; s. 22, ch. 2023-173.

¹Note.—

B. Section 3, ch. 2009-192, provides that “[t]he Department of Revenue may adopt rules necessary to administer the provisions of this act.”

²Note.—

C. Section 43, ch. 2023-17, provides:

“(2) This section expires July 1, 2026.”

220.131 Adjusted federal income; affiliated groups.—

(1) Notwithstanding any prior election made with respect to consolidated returns, and subject to subsection (5), for taxable years beginning on or after September 1, 1984, any corporation subject to tax under this code which corporation is the parent company of an affiliated group of corporations may elect, not later than the due date for filing its return for the taxable year, including any extensions thereof, to consolidate its taxable income with that of all other members of the group, regardless of whether such member is subject to tax under this code, and to return such consolidated taxable income hereunder, in which case all such other members must consent thereto in such manner as the department may by rule prescribe, provided:

(a) Each member of the group consents to such filing by specific written authorization at the time the consolidated return is filed;

(b) The affiliated group so filing under this code has filed a consolidated return for federal income tax purposes for the same taxable year; and

(c) The affiliated group so filing under this code is composed of the identical component members as those which have consolidated their taxable incomes in such federal return.

(2) Subject to subsection (5), the director may require a consolidated return for those members of an affiliated group of corporations which are subject to tax and which would be eligible to elect to consolidate their incomes under subsection (1), if the filing of separate returns for such corporations would improperly reflect the taxable incomes of such corporations or of such group.

(3) The filing of a consolidated return for any taxable year shall require the filing of consolidated returns for all subsequent taxable years so long as the filing taxpayers remain members of the affiliated group or, in the case of a group having component members not subject to tax under this code, so long as a consolidated return is filed by such group for federal income tax purposes, unless the director consents to the filing of separate returns.

(4) The computation of consolidated taxable income for the members of an affiliated group of corporations subject to tax hereunder shall be made in the same manner and under the same procedures, including all intercompany adjustments and eliminations, as are required for consolidating the incomes of affiliated corporations for the taxable year for federal income tax purposes in accordance with s. 1502 of the Internal Revenue Code, and the amount shown as consolidated taxable income shall be the amount subject to tax under this code.

(5) Each taxpayer shall apportion adjusted federal income under s. 220.15 as a member of an affiliated group which files a consolidated return under this section on the basis of apportionment factors described in s. 220.15. For the purposes of this subsection, each special industry member included in an affiliated group filing a consolidated return, who would otherwise be permitted to use a special method of apportionment under s. 220.151 or s. 220.153, shall construct the numerator of its sales, property, and payroll factors, respectively, by multiplying the denominator of each such factor by the premiums, revenue miles, or single sales factor ratio otherwise applicable under s. 220.151 or s. 220.153 in the manner prescribed by department rule.

History.—s. 1, ch. 71-984; s. 4, ch. 83-349; s. 6, ch. 84-549; s. 11, ch. 86-121; s. 90, ch. 91-112; s. 38, ch. 96-397; s. 9, ch. 2011-76.

220.14 Exemption.—

(1) In computing a taxpayer’s liability for tax under this code, there shall be exempt from the tax $50,000 of net income as defined in s. 220.12 or such lesser amount as will, without increasing the taxpayer’s federal income tax liability, provide the state with an amount under this code which is equal to the maximum federal income tax credit which may be available from time to time under federal law.

(2) In the case of a taxable year for a period of less than 12 months, the exemption allowed by this section shall be prorated on the basis of the number of days in such year to 365.

(3) Only one exemption shall be allowed to taxpayers filing a consolidated return under this code.

(4) Notwithstanding any other provision of this code, not more than one exemption under this section may be allowed to the Florida members of a controlled group of corporations, as defined in s. 1563 of the Internal Revenue Code with respect to taxable years ending on or after December 31, 1970, filing separate returns under this code. The exemption described in this section shall be divided equally among such Florida members of the group, unless all of such members consent, at such time and in such manner as the department shall by regulation prescribe, to an apportionment plan providing for an unequal allocation of such exemption.

History.—s. 1, ch. 71-984; s. 6, ch. 83-349; s. 3, ch. 84-549; s. 5, ch. 2011-229; s. 10, ch. 2012-32.

220.15 Apportionment of adjusted federal income.—

(1) Except as provided in ss. 220.151, 220.152, and 220.153, adjusted federal income as defined in s. 220.13 shall be apportioned to this state by taxpayers doing business within and without this state by multiplying it by an apportionment fraction composed of a sales factor representing 50 percent of the fraction, a property factor representing 25 percent of the fraction, and a payroll factor representing 25 percent of the fraction. If any factor described in subsection (2), subsection (4), or subsection (5) has a denominator that is zero or is determined by the department to be insignificant, the relative weights of the other factors in the denominator of the apportionment fraction shall be as follows:

(a) If the denominators for any two factors are zero or are insignificant, the weighted percentage for the remaining factor shall be 100 percent.

(b) If the denominator for the sales factor is zero or is insignificant, the weighted percentage for the property and payroll factors shall change from 25 percent to 50 percent, respectively.

(c) If the denominator for either the property or payroll factor is zero or is insignificant, the weighted percentage for the other shall be 331/3 percent, and the weighted percentage for the sales factor shall be 662/3 percent.

(2) The property factor is a fraction the numerator of which is the average value of the taxpayer’s real and tangible personal property owned or rented and used in this state during the taxable year or period and the denominator of which is the average value of such property owned or rented and used everywhere.

(a) Real and tangible personal property owned by the taxpayer shall be valued at original cost. Real and tangible personal property rented by the taxpayer shall be valued at 8 times the net annual rental rate paid by the taxpayer less any annual rental rate received from subrentals.

(b) The average value of real and tangible personal property shall be determined by averaging the value at the beginning and the end of the taxable year or period, unless the department determines that an averaging of monthly values during the taxable year or period is reasonably required to reflect properly the average value of the taxpayer’s real and tangible personal property.

(c) The property factor fraction shall not include any real or tangible personal property located in this state with respect to which it is certified to the Department of Revenue that such property is dedicated exclusively to research and development activities performed pursuant to sponsored research contracts conducted in conjunction with and through a university that is a member of the State University System or a nonpublic university that is chartered in Florida and conducts graduate programs at the professional or doctoral level. The Board of Governors of the State University System must certify the contracts for members of the State University System, and the president of the university must certify the contracts for a nonpublic university. As used in this paragraph, “sponsored research contract” means an agreement executed by parties that include at least the university and the taxpayer. Funding for sponsored research contracts may be provided from public or private sources.

(3) The property factor used by a financial organization shall also include intangible personal property, except goodwill, which is owned and used in the business, valued at its tax basis for federal income tax purposes. Intangible personal property shall be in this state if it consists of any of the following:

(a) Coin or currency located in this state;

(b) Assets in the nature of loans, including balances due from depository institutions, repurchase agreements, federal funds sold, and bankers acceptances, which assets are located in this state; installment obligations on loans for which the customer initially applied at an office located in this state; or loans secured by mortgages, deeds of trust, or other liens upon real or tangible personal property located in this state;

(d) Credit card receivables from customers who reside or who are commercially domiciled in this state;

(e) Investments in securities that generate business income if the taxpayer’s commercial domicile is in the state, unless such securities have acquired a discrete business situs elsewhere;

(f) Securities used to maintain reserves against deposits to meet federal or state deposit requirements, based on the ratio that total deposits in this state bear to total deposits everywhere;

(g) Securities held by a state treasurer or other public official or pledged to secure public funds or trust funds deposited with the taxpayer if the office at which the secured deposits are maintained is in this state;

(h) Leases of tangible personal property to another if the taxpayer’s commercial domicile is in the state, unless the taxpayer establishes that the location of the leased tangible personal property is in another state or states for the entire taxable year and the taxpayer is taxable in such other state or states;

(i) Installment sale agreements originally executed by a taxpayer or its agent to sell real or tangible personal property located in this state; or

(j) Any other intangible personal property located in this state which is used to generate business income.

(4) The payroll factor is a fraction the numerator of which is the total amount paid in this state during the taxable year or period by the taxpayer for compensation and the denominator of which is the total compensation paid everywhere during the taxable year or period.

(a) As used in this subsection, the term “compensation” means wages, salaries, commissions, and any other form of remuneration paid to employees for personal services.

(b) Compensation is paid in this state if:

1. The employee’s service is performed entirely within the state; or

2. The employee’s service is performed both within and without the state, but the service performed without the state is incidental to the employee’s service within the state; or

3. Some of the employee’s service is performed in the state, and

a. The base of operations or, if there is no base of operations, the place from which the service is directed or controlled is in the state, or

b. The base of operations or the place from which the service is directed or controlled is not in any state in which some part of the service is performed and the employee’s residence is in this state.

(c) The payroll factor fraction shall not include any compensation paid to any employee located in this state when it is certified to the Department of Revenue that such compensation was paid to employees dedicated exclusively to research and development activities performed pursuant to sponsored research contracts conducted in conjunction with and through a university that is a member of the State University System or a nonpublic university that is chartered in Florida and conducts graduate programs at the professional or doctoral level. The Board of Governors of the State University System must certify the contracts for members of the State University System, and the president of the university must certify the contracts for a nonpublic university. As used in this paragraph, “sponsored research contract” means an agreement executed by parties that include at least the university and the taxpayer. Funding for sponsored research contracts may be provided from public or private sources.

(5) The sales factor is a fraction the numerator of which is the total sales of the taxpayer in this state during the taxable year or period and the denominator of which is the total sales of the taxpayer everywhere during the taxable year or period.

(a) As used in this subsection, the term “sales” means all gross receipts of the taxpayer except interest, dividends, rents, royalties, and gross receipts from the sale, exchange, maturity, redemption, or other disposition of securities. However:

1. Rental income is included in the term if a significant portion of the taxpayer’s business consists of leasing or renting real or tangible personal property; and

2. Royalty income is included in the term if a significant portion of the taxpayer’s business consists of dealing in or with the production, exploration, or development of minerals.

(b)1. Sales of tangible personal property occur in this state if the property is delivered or shipped to a purchaser within this state, regardless of the f.o.b. point, other conditions of the sale, or ultimate destination of the property, unless shipment is made via a common or contract carrier. However, for industries in NAICS National Number 311411, if the ultimate destination of the product is to a location outside this state, regardless of the method of shipment or f.o.b. point, the sale shall not be deemed to occur in this state. As used in this paragraph, “NAICS” means those classifications contained in the North American Industry Classification System, as published in 2007 by the Office of Management and Budget, Executive Office of the President.

2. When citrus fruit is delivered by a cooperative for a grower-member, by a grower-member to a cooperative, or by a grower-participant to a Florida processor, the sales factor for the growers for such citrus fruit delivered to such processor shall be the same as the sales factor for the most recent taxable year of that processor. That sales factor, expressed only as a percentage and not in terms of the dollar volume of sales, so as to protect the confidentiality of the sales of the processor, shall be furnished on the request of such a grower promptly after it has been determined for that taxable year.

3. Reimbursement of expenses under an agency contract between a cooperative, a grower-member of a cooperative, or a grower and a processor is not a sale within this state.

(c) Sales of a financial organization, including, but not limited to, banking and savings institutions, investment companies, real estate investment trusts, and brokerage companies, occur in this state if derived from:

1. Fees, commissions, or other compensation for financial services rendered within this state;

2. Gross profits from trading in stocks, bonds, or other securities managed within this state;

3. Interest received within this state, other than interest from loans secured by mortgages, deeds of trust, or other liens upon real or tangible personal property located without this state, and dividends received within this state;

4. Interest charged to customers at places of business maintained within this state for carrying debit balances of margin accounts, without deduction of any costs incurred in carrying such accounts;

5. Interest, fees, commissions, or other charges or gains from loans secured by mortgages, deeds of trust, or other liens upon real or tangible personal property located in this state or from installment sale agreements originally executed by a taxpayer or the taxpayer’s agent to sell real or tangible personal property located in this state;

6. Rents from real or tangible personal property located in this state; or

7. Any other gross income, including other interest, resulting from the operation as a financial organization within this state.

In computing the amounts under this paragraph, any amount received by a member of an affiliated group (determined under s. 1504(a) of the Internal Revenue Code, but without reference to whether any such corporation is an “includable corporation” under s. 1504(b) of the Internal Revenue Code) from another member of such group shall be included only to the extent such amount exceeds expenses of the recipient directly related thereto.

(6) The term “financial organization,” as used in this section, includes any bank, trust company, savings bank, industrial bank, land bank, safe-deposit company, private banker, savings and loan association, credit union, cooperative bank, small loan company, sales finance company, or investment company.

(7) The term “everywhere,” as used in the computation of apportionment factor denominators under this section, means “in all states of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, any territory or possession of the United States, and any foreign country, or any political subdivision of the foregoing.”

(8) No research and development activities certified as being conducted within this state in conjunction with and through a university that is a member of the State University System or a nonpublic university that is chartered in Florida and conducts graduate programs at the professional or doctoral level shall cause any corporation to become subject to the taxes imposed by this chapter if the corporation would otherwise not be subject to the tax levied under this chapter. The property and payroll eliminated from the apportionment formula pursuant to the provisions of paragraphs (2)(c) and (4)(c) shall be eliminated only for the duration of the contractual period specified in the contracts for the conduct of the sponsored research. The reduction in tax due as a result of the property and payroll eliminated from the apportionment formula pursuant to the provisions of paragraphs (2)(c) and (4)(c) shall not exceed the amount paid to the university for the conduct of the sponsored research. No sponsored research contracts in existence prior to July 1, 1998, shall be eligible to participate in the provisions of paragraphs (2)(c) and (4)(c).

History.—s. 1, ch. 71-984; s. 5, ch. 72-278; s. 3, ch. 75-293; s. 7, ch. 83-349; s. 13, ch. 86-121; s. 57, ch. 89-356; s. 91, ch. 91-112; s. 1186, ch. 95-147; s. 1, ch. 98-325; s. 40, ch. 2002-218; s. 27, ch. 2007-217; s. 7, ch. 2009-51; s. 10, ch. 2011-76.

220.151 Apportionment; methods for special industries.—

(1)(a) Except as provided in paragraph (b), the tax base of an insurance company for a taxable year or period shall be apportioned to this state by multiplying such base by a fraction the numerator of which is the direct premiums written for insurance upon properties and risks in this state and the denominator of which is the direct premiums written for insurance upon properties and risks everywhere. For purposes of this paragraph, the term “direct premiums written” means the total amount of direct premiums written, assessments, and annuity considerations, as reported for the taxable year or period on the annual statement filed by the company with the Office of Insurance Regulation of the Financial Services Commission in the form approved by the National Convention of Insurance Commissioners or such other form as may be prescribed in lieu thereof.

(b) If the principal source of premiums written by an insurance company consists of premiums for reinsurance accepted by it, the tax base of such company shall be apportioned to this state by multiplying such base by a fraction the numerator of which is the sum of:

1. Direct premiums written for insurance upon properties and risks in this state, plus

2. Premiums written for reinsurance, accepted in respect to properties and risks in this state,

and the denominator of which is the sum of direct premiums written for insurance upon properties and risks everywhere plus premiums written for reinsurance accepted in respect to properties and risks everywhere. For purposes of this paragraph, premiums written for reinsurance accepted in respect to properties and risks in this state, whether or not otherwise determinable, shall be determined on the basis of the proportion which premiums written for reinsurance accepted from companies resident in or having a regional home office in the state bears to premiums written for reinsurance accepted from all sources.

(2) The tax base for a taxpayer furnishing transportation services, for the purpose of computing a tax on those activities, shall be apportioned to this state by multiplying such base by a fraction the numerator of which is the revenue miles of the taxpayer in this state and the denominator of which is the revenue miles of the taxpayer everywhere.

(a) For transportation other than by pipeline, a revenue mile is the transportation of one passenger or 1 net ton of freight the distance of 1 mile for a consideration. When a taxpayer is engaged in the transportation of both passengers and freight, the fraction shall be determined by means of an average of the passenger revenue mile fraction and the freight revenue mile fraction, weighted to reflect the taxpayer’s relative railway operating income from total passenger and total freight service as reported to the ¹Interstate Commerce Commission, in the case of transportation by railroad, or weighted to reflect the taxpayer’s relative gross receipts from passenger and freight transportation, in case of transportation other than by railroad.

(b) For transportation by pipeline, a revenue mile is the transportation by pipeline of 1 barrel of oil, 1,000 cubic feet of gas, or any specified quantity of any other substance the distance of 1 mile for a consideration.

(c) For purposes of paragraph (a), in computing the revenue miles of any taxpayer engaged in furnishing air or sea transportation services, the “revenue miles in this state” shall include all miles traversed within the area bounded on the west by the meridian of longitude 87°30′ west from Greenwich, bounded on the north by the northern land border of this state or the parallel of latitude 31° north from the equator, bounded on the east by the meridian of longitude 80° west from Greenwich, and bounded on the south by the parallel of latitude 23°30′ north from the equator as the case may be. The “revenue miles in this state” shall also include all miles traversed between points in this state, even though the route of travel is not wholly over the land mass of the state. The department may prescribe standard mileage tables for the purpose of determining revenue miles in the state under this paragraph, rather than requiring taxpayers to compute from their records the actual number of miles traversed within such boundaries or points from time to time.

(d) For purposes of this subsection, the term “taxpayer furnishing transportation services” includes taxpayers engaged exclusively in interstate commerce.

(3) For any taxable year beginning on or after January 1, 1999, a citrus processing company may, if required to apportion its taxable net income pursuant to the three-factor apportionment method set forth in s. 220.15(1), elect to have such apportionment determined for that taxable year solely by use of the sales factor, as set forth in s. 220.15(5). The election shall be made by the filing of a return for the taxable year utilizing this method.

History.—s. 19, ch. 71-359; s. 63, ch. 73-333; s. 10, ch. 86-121; s. 84, ch. 91-112; s. 29, ch. 99-208; s. 257, ch. 2003-261.

¹Note.—Abolished by s. 101, Pub. L. No. 104-88.

Note.—Former s. 214.72.

220.152 Apportionment; other methods.—If the apportionment methods of ss. 220.15 and 220.151 do not fairly represent the extent of a taxpayer’s tax base attributable to this state, the taxpayer may petition for, or the department may require, in respect to all or any part of the taxpayer’s tax base, if reasonable:

(1) Separate accounting;

(2) The exclusion of any one or more factors;

(3) The inclusion of one or more additional factors which will fairly represent the taxpayer’s tax base attributable to this state; or

(4) The employment of any other method which will produce an equitable apportionment.

History.—s. 19, ch. 71-359; s. 85, ch. 91-112.

Note.—Former s. 214.73.

220.153 Apportionment by sales factor.—

(1) DEFINITION.—As used in this section, the term “qualified capital expenditures” means expenditures in this state for purposes substantially related to a business’s production or sale of goods or services. The expenditure must fund the acquisition of additional real property (land, buildings, including appurtenances, fixtures and fixed equipment, structures, etc.), including additions, replacements, major repairs, and renovations to real property which materially extend its useful life or materially improve or change its functional use and the furniture and equipment necessary to furnish and operate a new or improved facility. The term does not include an expenditure for a passive investment or for an investment intended for the accumulation of reserves or the realization of profit for distribution to any person holding an ownership interest in the business. The term does not include expenditures to acquire an existing business or expenditures in excess of $125 million to acquire land or buildings.

(2) APPORTIONMENT OF TAXES; ELIGIBILITY.—A taxpayer, not including a financial organization as defined in s. 220.15(6) or a bank, savings association, international banking facility, or banking organization as defined in s. 220.62, doing business within and without this state, who applies and demonstrates to the Department of Commerce that, within a 2-year period beginning on or after July 1, 2011, it has made qualified capital expenditures equal to or exceeding $250 million may apportion its adjusted federal income solely by the sales factor set forth in s. 220.15(5), commencing in the taxable year that the Department of Commerce approves the application, but not before a taxable year that begins on or after January 1, 2013. Once approved, a taxpayer may elect to apportion its adjusted federal income for any taxable year using the method provided under this section or the method provided under s. 220.15.

(3) QUALIFICATION PROCESS.—

(a) To qualify as a taxpayer who is eligible to apportion its adjusted federal income under this section:

1. The taxpayer must notify the Department of Commerce of its intent to submit an application to apportion its adjusted federal income in order to commence the 2-year period for measuring qualified capital expenditures.

2. The taxpayer must submit an application to apportion its adjusted federal income under this section to the Department of Commerce within 2 years after notifying the Department of Commerce of the taxpayer’s intent to qualify. The application must be made under oath and provide such information as the Department of Commerce reasonably requires by rule for determining the applicant’s eligibility to apportion adjusted federal income under this section. The taxpayer is responsible for affirmatively demonstrating to the satisfaction of the Department of Commerce that it meets the eligibility requirements.

(b) The taxpayer notice and application forms shall be established by the Department of Commerce by rule. The Department of Commerce shall acknowledge receipt of the notice and approve or deny the application in writing within 45 days after receipt.

(4) REVIEW AUTHORITY; RECAPTURE OF TAX.—

(a) In addition to its existing audit authority, the department may perform any financial and technical review and investigation, including examining the accounts, books, and records of the taxpayer as necessary, to verify that the taxpayer’s tax return correctly computes and apportions adjusted federal income and to ensure compliance with this chapter.

(b) The Department of Commerce may, by order, revoke its decision to grant eligibility for apportionment pursuant to this section, and may also order the recalculation of apportionment factors to those applicable under s. 220.15 if, as the result of an audit, investigation, or examination, it determines that information provided by the taxpayer in the application, or in a statement, representation, record, report, plan, or other document provided to the Department of Commerce to become eligible for apportionment, was materially false at the time it was made and that an individual acting on behalf of the taxpayer knew, or should have known, that the information submitted was false. The taxpayer shall pay such additional taxes and interest as may be due pursuant to this chapter computed as the difference between the tax that would have been due under the apportionment formula provided in s. 220.15 for such years and the tax actually paid. In addition, the department shall assess a penalty equal to 100 percent of the additional tax due.

(c) The Department of Commerce shall immediately notify the department of an order affecting a taxpayer’s eligibility to apportion tax pursuant to this section. A taxpayer who is liable for past tax must file an amended return with the department, or such other report as the department prescribes by rule, and pay any required tax, interest, and penalty within 60 days after the taxpayer receives notification from the Department of Commerce that the previously approved credits have been revoked. If the revocation is contested, the taxpayer shall file an amended return or other report within 30 days after an order becomes final. A taxpayer who fails to pay the past tax, interest, and penalty by the due date is subject to the penalties provided in s. 220.803.

(5) RULES.—The Department of Commerce and the department may adopt rules to administer this section.

History.—s. 11, ch. 2011-76; s. 27, ch. 2012-96; s. 57, ch. 2024-6.

220.16 Allocation of nonbusiness income.—Nonbusiness income shall be allocated as follows:

(1)(a) Net rents and royalties from real property located in this state are allocable to this state.

(b) Net rents and royalties from tangible personal property are allocable to this state:

1. If, and to the extent that, the property is utilized in this state; or

2. In their entirety, if the taxpayer’s commercial domicile is in this state and the taxpayer is not organized under the laws of, or taxable in, the state in which the property is utilized.

(c) The extent of utilization of tangible personal property in a state is determined by multiplying the rents and royalties by a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of days of the physical location of the property in the state during the rental or royalty period in the income year and the denominator of which is the number of days of the physical location of the property everywhere during all rental or royalty periods in the income year. If the physical location of the property during the rental or royalty period is unknown or unascertainable by the taxpayer, the tangible personal property is deemed to be utilized in the state in which the property was located at the time the rental or royalty payor obtained possession of the property.

(2)(a) Capital gains and losses from sales of real property located in this state are allocable to this state.

(b) Capital gains and losses from sales of tangible personal property are allocable to this state if:

1. The property had a situs in this state at the time of the sale; or

2. The taxpayer’s commercial domicile is in this state, and the taxpayer is not taxable in the state in which the property had a situs.

(c) Capital gains and losses from sales of intangible personal property are allocable to this state if the taxpayer’s commercial domicile is in this state.

(3) Interest and dividends are allocable to this state if the taxpayer’s commercial domicile is in this state.

(4)(a) Patent and copyright royalties are allocable to this state:

1. If, and to the extent that, the patent or copyright is utilized by the payor in this state; or

2. If, and to the extent that, the patent or copyright is utilized by the payor in a state in which the taxpayer is not taxable and the taxpayer’s commercial domicile is in this state.

(b) A patent is utilized in a state to the extent that it is employed in production, fabrication, manufacturing, or other processing in the state or to the extent that a patented product is produced in the state. If the basis of receipts from patent royalties does not permit allocation to states or if the accounting procedures do not reflect states of utilization, the patent is utilized in the state in which the taxpayer’s commercial domicile is located.

(c) A copyright is utilized in a state to the extent that printing or other publication originates in the state. If the basis of receipts from copyright royalties does not permit allocation to states or if the accounting procedures do not reflect states of utilization, the copyright is utilized in the state in which the taxpayer’s commercial domicile is located.

History.—s. 8, ch. 83-349; s. 14, ch. 2011-76; s. 23, ch. 2023-173.

220.181 Enterprise zone jobs credit.—

(1)(a) There shall be allowed a credit against the tax imposed by this chapter to any business located in an enterprise zone which demonstrates to the department that, on the date of application, the total number of full-time jobs is greater than the total was 12 months before that date. The credit shall be computed as 20 percent of the actual monthly wages paid in this state to each new employee hired when a new job has been created, as defined under s. 220.03(1)(ee), unless the business is located in a rural enterprise zone, pursuant to s. 290.004, in which case the credit shall be 30 percent of the actual monthly wages paid. If no less than 20 percent of the employees of the business are residents of an enterprise zone, excluding temporary and part-time employees, the credit shall be computed as 30 percent of the actual monthly wages paid in this state to each new employee hired when a new job has been created, unless the business is located in a rural enterprise zone, in which case the credit shall be 45 percent of the actual monthly wages paid, for a period of up to 24 consecutive months. If the new employee hired when a new job is created is a participant in the welfare transition program, the following credit shall be a percent of the actual monthly wages paid: 40 percent for $4 above the hourly federal minimum wage rate; 41 percent for $5 above the hourly federal minimum wage rate; 42 percent for $6 above the hourly federal minimum wage rate; 43 percent for $7 above the hourly federal minimum wage rate; and 44 percent for $8 above the hourly federal minimum wage rate.

(b) This credit applies only with respect to wages subject to reemployment assistance tax. The credit provided in this section does not apply:

1. For any employee who is an owner, partner, or majority stockholder of an eligible business.

2. For any new employee who is employed for any period less than 3 months.

(c) If this credit is not fully used in any one year, the unused amount may be carried forward for a period not to exceed 5 years. The carryover credit may be used in a subsequent year when the tax imposed by this chapter for such year exceeds the credit for such year after applying the other credits and unused credit carryovers in the order provided in s. 220.02(8).

(2) When filing for an enterprise zone jobs credit, a business must file under oath with the governing body or enterprise zone development agency having jurisdiction over the enterprise zone where the business is located, as applicable, a statement which includes:

(a) For each new employee for whom this credit is claimed, the employee’s name and place of residence during the taxable year, including the identifying number assigned pursuant to s. 290.0065 to the enterprise zone in which the new employee resides if the new employee is a person residing in an enterprise zone, and, if applicable, documentation that the employee is a welfare transition program participant.

(b) If applicable, the name and address of each permanent employee of the business, including, for each employee who is a resident of an enterprise zone, the identifying number assigned pursuant to s. 290.0065 to the enterprise zone in which the employee resides.

(d) The identifying number assigned pursuant to s. 290.0065 to the enterprise zone in which the eligible business is located.

(e) The salary or hourly wages paid to each new employee claimed.

(f) Demonstration to the department that, on the date of application, the total number of full-time jobs is greater than the total was 12 months prior to that date.

(g) Whether the business is a small business as defined by s. 288.703.

(3) Within 10 working days after receipt of an application, the governing body or enterprise zone development agency shall review the application to determine if it contains all the information required pursuant to subsection (2) and meets the criteria set out in this section. The governing body or agency shall certify all applications that contain the information required pursuant to subsection (2) and meet the criteria set out in this section as eligible to receive a credit. If applicable, the governing body or agency shall also certify if 20 percent of the employees of the business are residents of an enterprise zone, excluding temporary and part-time employees. The certification shall be in writing, and a copy of the certification shall be transmitted to the executive director of the Department of Revenue. The business shall be responsible for forwarding a certified application to the department.

(4) It shall be the responsibility of the taxpayer to affirmatively demonstrate to the satisfaction of the department that it meets the requirements of this act.

(5) For the purpose of this section, the term “month” means either a calendar month or the time period from any day of any month to the corresponding day of the next succeeding month or, if there is no corresponding day in the next succeeding month, the last day of the succeeding month.

(6) No business which files an amended return for a taxable year shall be allowed any amount of credit or credit carryforward pursuant to this section in excess of the amount claimed by such business on its original return for the taxable year. The provisions of this subsection do not apply to increases in the amount of credit claimed under this section on an amended return due to the use of any credit amount previously carried forward for the taxable year on the original return or any eligible prior year under paragraph (1)(c).

(7) Any business which has claimed this credit shall not be allowed any credit under the provision of s. 212.096 for any new employee beginning employment after July 1, 1995. The provisions of this subsection shall not apply when a corporation converts to an S corporation for purposes of compliance with the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended; however, no corporation shall be allowed the benefit of this credit and the credit under s. 212.096 either for the same new employee or for the same taxable year. In addition, such a corporation shall not be allowed any credit under s. 212.096 until it has filed notice of its intent to change its status for tax purposes and until its final return under this chapter for the taxable year prior to such change has been filed.

(8)(a) Any person who fraudulently claims this credit is liable for repayment of the credit, plus a mandatory penalty in the amount of 200 percent of the credit, plus interest at the rate provided in s. 220.807, and commits a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.

(b) Any person who makes an underpayment of tax as a result of a grossly overstated claim for this credit is guilty of a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084. For purposes of this paragraph, a grossly overstated claim means a claim in an amount in excess of 100 percent of the amount of credit allowable under this section.

(9) This section, except paragraph (1)(c) and subsection (8), expires on the date specified in s. 290.016 for the expiration of the Florida Enterprise Zone Act, and a business may not begin claiming the enterprise zone jobs credit after that date; however, the expiration of this section does not affect the operation of any credit for which a business has qualified under this section before that date, or any carryforward of unused credit amounts as provided in paragraph (1)(c).

History.—ss. 3, 6, ch. 80-247; s. 22, ch. 81-167; s. 4, ch. 82-119; s. 20, ch. 83-55; s. 39, ch. 84-356; s. 35, ch. 85-80; s. 56, ch. 86-152; s. 97, ch. 87-6; ss. 17, 30, ch. 88-201; s. 93, ch. 91-112; s. 27, ch. 92-320; s. 51, ch. 94-136; s. 18, ch. 96-320; s. 22, ch. 98-57; s. 59, ch. 2000-165; s. 31, ch. 2000-210; s. 7, ch. 2001-201; s. 41, ch. 2002-218; s. 25, ch. 2005-287; s. 6, ch. 2006-113; s. 24, ch. 2007-5; s. 89, ch. 2011-142; s. 49, ch. 2012-30.

220.182 Enterprise zone property tax credit.—

(1)(a) Beginning July 1, 1995, there shall be allowed a credit against the tax imposed by this chapter to any business which establishes a new business as defined in s. 220.03(1)(p), expands an existing business as defined in s. 220.03(1)(k), or rebuilds an existing business as defined in s. 220.03(1)(u) in this state. The credit shall be computed annually as ad valorem taxes paid in this state, in the case of a new business; the additional ad valorem tax paid in this state resulting from assessments on additional real or tangible personal property acquired to facilitate the expansion of an existing business; or the ad valorem taxes paid in this state resulting from assessments on property replaced or restored, in the case of a rebuilt business, including pollution and waste control facilities, or any part thereof, and including one or more buildings or other structures, machinery, fixtures, and equipment.

(b) If the credit granted pursuant to this section is not fully used in any one year, the unused amount may be carried forward for a period not to exceed 5 years. The carryover credit may be used in a subsequent year when the tax imposed by this chapter for such year exceeds the credit for such year under this section after applying the other credits and unused credit carryovers in the order provided in s. 220.02(8). The amount of credit taken under this section in any one year, however, shall not exceed $25,000 for each eligible location, or, if no less than 20 percent of the employees of the business at that location are residents of an enterprise zone, excluding temporary employees, the amount shall not exceed $50,000 for each eligible location.

(2) To be eligible to receive an expanded enterprise zone property tax credit of up to $50,000 for each eligible location, the business must provide a statement, under oath, on the form prescribed by the department for claiming the credit authorized by this section, that no less than 20 percent of its employees at that location, excluding temporary and part-time employees, are residents of an enterprise zone. It shall be a condition precedent to the granting of each annual tax credit that such employment requirements be fulfilled throughout each year during the 5-year period of the credit. The statement shall set forth the name and place of residence of each permanent employee on the last day of business of the tax year for which the credit is claimed or, if the employee is no longer employed or eligible for the credit on that date, the last calendar day of the last full calendar month the employee was employed or eligible for the credit at the relevant site.

(3) The credit shall be available to a new business for a period not to exceed the year in which ad valorem taxes are first levied against the business and the 4 years immediately thereafter. The credit shall be available to an expanded existing business for a period not to exceed the year in which ad valorem taxes are first levied on additional real or tangible personal property acquired to facilitate the expansion or rebuilding and the 4 years immediately thereafter. No business shall be entitled to claim the credit authorized by this section, except any amount attributable to the carryover of a previously earned credit, for more than 5 consecutive years.

(4) To be eligible for an enterprise zone property tax credit, a new, expanded, or rebuilt business shall file a notice with the property appraiser of the county in which the business property is located or to be located. The notice shall be filed no later than April 1 of the year in which new or additional real or tangible personal property acquired to facilitate such new, expanded, or rebuilt facility is first subject to assessment. The notice shall be made on a form prescribed by the department and shall include separate descriptions of:

(a) Real and tangible personal property owned or leased by the business prior to expansion, if any.

(b) Net new or additional real and tangible personal property acquired to facilitate the new, expanded, or rebuilt facility.

(5) When filing for an enterprise zone property tax credit as a new business, a business shall include a copy of its receipt indicating payment of ad valorem taxes for the current year.

(6) When filing for an enterprise zone property tax credit as an expanded or rebuilt business, a business shall include copies of its receipts indicating payment of ad valorem taxes for the current year for prior existing property and for expansion-related or rebuilt property.

(7) The receipts described in subsections (5) and (6) shall indicate the assessed value of the property, the property taxes paid, a brief description of the property, and an indication, if applicable, that the property was separately assessed as expansion-related or rebuilt property.

(8) The department has authority to adopt rules pursuant to ss. 120.536(1) and 120.54 to implement the provisions of this act.

(9) It shall be the responsibility of the taxpayer to affirmatively demonstrate to the satisfaction of the department that he or she meets the requirements of this act.

(10) When filing for an enterprise zone property tax credit as an expansion of an existing business or as a new business, it shall be a condition precedent to the granting of each annual tax credit that there have been, throughout each year during the 5-year period, no fewer than five more employees than in the year preceding the initial granting of the credit.

(11) To apply for an enterprise zone property tax credit, a new, expanded, or rebuilt business must file under oath with the governing body or enterprise zone development agency having jurisdiction over the enterprise zone where the business is located, as applicable, an application prescribed by the department for claiming the credit authorized by this section. Within 10 working days after receipt of an application, the governing body or enterprise zone development agency shall review the application to determine if it contains all the information required pursuant to this section and meets the criteria set out in this section. The governing body or agency shall certify all applications that contain the information required pursuant to this section and meet the criteria set out in this section as eligible to receive a credit. If applicable, the governing body or agency shall also certify if 20 percent of the employees of the business are residents of an enterprise zone, excluding temporary and part-time employees. The certification shall be in writing, and a copy of the certification shall be transmitted to the executive director of the Department of Revenue. The business shall be responsible for forwarding all certified applications to the department.

(12) When filing for an enterprise zone property tax credit, a business shall include the identifying number assigned pursuant to s. 290.0065 to the enterprise zone in which the business is located.

(13) When filing for an enterprise zone property tax credit, a business shall indicate whether the business is a small business as defined by s. 288.703.

(14) This section expires on the date specified in s. 290.016 for the expiration of the Florida Enterprise Zone Act, and a business may not begin claiming the enterprise zone property tax credit after that date; however, the expiration of this section does not affect the operation of any credit for which a business has qualified under this section before that date, or any carryforward of unused credit amounts as provided in paragraph (1)(b).

History.—ss. 3, 10, ch. 80-248; s. 23, ch. 81-167; s. 5, ch. 82-119; s. 21, ch. 83-55; s. 88, ch. 83-217; s. 40, ch. 84-356; s. 36, ch. 85-80; s. 18, ch. 88-201; s. 52, ch. 94-136; s. 1519, ch. 95-147; s. 26, ch. 98-200; s. 32, ch. 2000-210; s. 26, ch. 2005-287; s. 90, ch. 2011-142; s. 8, ch. 2013-42.

220.183 Community contribution tax credit.—

(1) AUTHORIZATION TO GRANT COMMUNITY CONTRIBUTION TAX CREDITS; LIMITATIONS ON INDIVIDUAL CREDITS AND PROGRAM SPENDING.—

(a) There shall be allowed a credit of 50 percent of a community contribution against any tax due for a taxable year under this chapter.

(b) No business firm shall receive more than $200,000 in annual tax credits for all approved community contributions made in any one year.

¹(c) The total amount of tax credit which may be granted for all programs approved under this section and ss. 212.08(5)(p) and 624.5105 is $25 million in the 2023-2024 fiscal year and in each fiscal year thereafter for projects that provide housing opportunities for persons with special needs as defined in s. 420.0004 and homeownership opportunities for low-income households or very-low-income households as defined in s. 420.9071 and $4.5 million in the 2022-2023 fiscal year and in each fiscal year thereafter for all other projects.

(d) All proposals for the granting of the tax credit shall require the prior approval of the Department of Commerce.

(e) If the credit granted pursuant to this section is not fully used in any one year because of insufficient tax liability on the part of the business firm, the unused amount may be carried forward for a period not to exceed 5 years. The carryover credit may be used in a subsequent year when the tax imposed by this chapter for such year exceeds the credit for such year under this section after applying the other credits and unused credit carryovers in the order provided in s. 220.02(8).

(f) A taxpayer who files a Florida consolidated return as a member of an affiliated group pursuant to s. 220.131(1) may be allowed the credit on a consolidated return basis.

(g) A taxpayer who is eligible to receive the credit provided for in s. 624.5105 is not eligible to receive the credit provided by this section.

(2) ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS.—

(a) All community contributions by a business firm shall be in the form specified in s. 220.03(1)(d).

(b)1. All community contributions must be reserved exclusively for use in projects as defined in s. 220.03(1)(t).

2. If, during the first 10 business days of the state fiscal year, eligible tax credit applications for projects that provide housing opportunities for persons with special needs as defined in s. 420.0004 or homeownership opportunities for low-income or very-low-income households as defined in s. 420.9071(20) and (30) are received for less than the annual tax credits available for those projects, the Department of Commerce shall grant tax credits for those applications and shall grant remaining tax credits on a first-come, first-served basis for any subsequent eligible applications received before the end of the state fiscal year. If, during the first 10 business days of the state fiscal year, eligible tax credit applications for projects that provide housing opportunities for persons with special needs as defined in s. 420.0004 or homeownership opportunities for low-income or very-low-income households as defined in s. 420.9071(20) and (30) are received for more than the annual tax credits available for those projects, the Department of Commerce shall grant the tax credits for those applications as follows:

a. If tax credit applications submitted for approved projects of an eligible sponsor do not exceed $200,000 in total, the credit shall be granted in full if the tax credit applications are approved.

b. If tax credit applications submitted for approved projects of an eligible sponsor exceed $200,000 in total, the amount of tax credits granted under sub-subparagraph a. shall be subtracted from the amount of available tax credits, and the remaining credits shall be granted to each approved tax credit application on a pro rata basis.

3. If, during the first 10 business days of the state fiscal year, eligible tax credit applications for projects other than those that provide housing opportunities for persons with special needs as defined in s. 420.0004 or homeownership opportunities for low-income or very-low-income households as defined in s. 420.9071(20) and (30) are received for less than the annual tax credits available for those projects, the Department of Commerce shall grant tax credits for those applications and shall grant remaining tax credits on a first-come, first-served basis for any subsequent eligible applications received before the end of the state fiscal year. If, during the first 10 business days of the state fiscal year, eligible tax credit applications for projects other than those that provide housing opportunities for persons with special needs as defined in s. 420.0004 or homeownership opportunities for low-income or very-low-income households as defined in s. 420.9071(20) and (30) are received for more than the annual tax credits available for those projects, the Department of Commerce shall grant the tax credits for those applications on a pro rata basis.

1. A community action program;

2. A nonprofit community-based development organization whose mission is the provision of housing for persons with special needs or low-income or very-low-income households or increasing entrepreneurial and job-development opportunities for low-income persons;

3. A neighborhood housing services corporation;

4. A local housing authority, created pursuant to chapter 421;

5. A community redevelopment agency, created pursuant to s. 163.356;

6. A historic preservation district agency or organization;

7. A local workforce development board;

8. A direct-support organization as provided in s. 1009.983;

9. An enterprise zone development agency created pursuant to s. 290.0056;

10. A community-based organization incorporated under chapter 617 which is recognized as educational, charitable, or scientific pursuant to s. 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code and whose bylaws and articles of incorporation include affordable housing, economic development, or community development as the primary mission of the corporation;

11. Units of local government;

12. Units of state government; or

13. Such other agency as the Department of Commerce may, from time to time, designate by rule.

In no event shall a contributing business firm have a financial interest in the eligible sponsor.

(d) The project shall be located in an area that was designated as an enterprise zone pursuant to chapter 290 as of May 1, 2015, or a Front Porch Florida Community. Any project designed to construct or rehabilitate housing for low-income or very-low-income households as defined in s. 420.9071(20) and (30) or provide housing opportunities for persons with special needs as defined in s. 420.0004 is exempt from the area requirement of this paragraph. This section does not preclude projects that propose to construct or rehabilitate housing for low-income or very-low-income households on scattered sites or provide housing opportunities for persons with special needs. Any project designed to provide increased access to high-speed broadband capabilities which includes coverage of a rural enterprise zone may locate the project’s infrastructure in any area of a rural county.

(3) APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS.—

(a) Any eligible sponsor wishing to participate in this program must submit a proposal to the Department of Commerce which sets forth the sponsor, the project, the area in which the project is located, and such supporting information as may be prescribed by rule. The proposal shall also contain a resolution from the local governmental unit in which it is located certifying that the project is consistent with local plans and regulations.

(b) Any business wishing to participate in this program must submit an application for tax credit to the Department of Commerce, which application sets forth the sponsor; the project; and the type, value, and purpose of the contribution. The sponsor shall verify the terms of the application and indicate its receipt of the contribution, which verification must be in writing and accompany the application for tax credit.

(c) The business firm must submit a separate application for tax credit for each individual contribution that it makes to each individual project.

(4) ADMINISTRATION.—

(a) The Department of Commerce has authority to adopt rules pursuant to ss. 120.536(1) and 120.54 to implement the provisions of this section, including rules for the approval or disapproval of proposals by business firms.

(b) The decision of the Department of Commerce shall be in writing, and, if approved, the notification must state the maximum credit allowable to the business firm. A copy of the decision shall be transmitted to the executive director of the Department of Revenue, who shall apply such credit to the tax liability of the business firm.

(c) The Department of Commerce shall periodically monitor all projects in a manner consistent with available resources to ensure that resources are utilized in accordance with this section; however, each project shall be reviewed no less often than once every 2 years.

(d) The Department of Revenue has authority to adopt rules pursuant to ss. 120.536(1) and 120.54 to implement the provisions of this section.

(e) The Department of Commerce shall, in consultation with the Florida Housing Finance Corporation and the statewide and regional housing and financial intermediaries, market the availability of the community contribution tax credit program to community-based organizations.

History.—ss. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, ch. 80-249; s. 24, ch. 81-167; s. 127, ch. 81-259; s. 6, ch. 82-119; s. 41, ch. 84-356; s. 19, ch. 88-201; s. 1, ch. 89-352; s. 56, ch. 89-356; s. 4, ch. 90-130; s. 123, ch. 91-112; s. 53, ch. 94-136; s. 22, ch. 96-320; s. 27, ch. 98-200; s. 1, ch. 98-219; s. 1, ch. 99-265; s. 26, ch. 2000-210; s. 8, ch. 2001-201; s. 925, ch. 2002-387; s. 9, ch. 2004-243; s. 3, ch. 2005-282; s. 2, ch. 2006-78; s. 25, ch. 2007-5; s. 35, ch. 2008-153; s. 6, ch. 2010-4; s. 3, ch. 2011-97; s. 91, ch. 2011-142; s. 28, ch. 2012-96; s. 15, ch. 2014-38; ss. 19, 26, ch. 2015-221; s. 4, ch. 2016-216; s. 31, ch. 2017-36; s. 44, ch. 2018-118; s. 13, ch. 2021-51; s. 29, ch. 2022-97; s. 19, ch. 2023-17; s. 58, ch. 2024-6.

¹Note.—Section 43, ch. 2023-17, provides:

“(2) This section expires July 1, 2026.”

220.184 Hazardous waste facility tax credit.—

(1) A credit against the tax imposed by this chapter shall be allowed to the owner of any commercial hazardous waste facility who incurs expenses for hydrologic, geologic, or soil site evaluations and permit fees required by the Department of Environmental Protection, which credit shall be equal to the amount of such expenses incurred.

(2) A credit against the tax imposed by this chapter shall be allowed to the owner of any commercial hazardous waste recycling facility permitted by the state, which credit shall be an amount equal to 5 percent of the cost of the stationary facility equipment placed in service during the taxable year and used for the recycling of hazardous wastes.

(3) If any credit granted pursuant to this section is not fully used in the first year for which it becomes available, the unused amount may be carried forward for a period not to exceed 5 years. The carryover may be used in a subsequent year when the tax imposed by this chapter for such year exceeds the credit for such year under this section after applying the other credits and unused credit carryovers in the order provided in s. 220.02(8).

History.—s. 18, ch. 83-310; s. 20, ch. 88-201; s. 57, ch. 94-356; s. 33, ch. 2000-210.

220.1845 Contaminated site rehabilitation tax credit.—

(1) APPLICATION FOR TAX CREDIT.—A site rehabilitation application must be received by the Division of Waste Management of the Department of Environmental Protection by January 31 of the year after the calendar year for which site rehabilitation costs are being claimed in a tax credit application. All site rehabilitation costs claimed must have been for work conducted between January 1 and December 31 of the year for which the application is being submitted. All payment requests must have been received and all costs must have been paid prior to submittal of the tax credit application, but no later than January 31 of the year after the calendar year for which site rehabilitation costs are being claimed.

(2) AUTHORIZATION FOR TAX CREDIT; LIMITATIONS.—

(a) A credit in the amount of 50 percent of the costs of voluntary cleanup activity that is integral to site rehabilitation at the following sites is available against any tax due for a taxable year under this chapter:

1. A drycleaning-solvent-contaminated site eligible for state-funded site rehabilitation under s. 376.3078(3);

2. A drycleaning-solvent-contaminated site at which site rehabilitation is undertaken by the real property owner pursuant to s. 376.3078(11), if the real property owner is not also, and has never been, the owner or operator of the drycleaning facility where the contamination exists; or

3. A brownfield site in a designated brownfield area under s. 376.80.

(b) A tax credit applicant, or multiple tax credit applicants working jointly to clean up a single site, may not be granted more than $500,000 per year in tax credits for each site voluntarily rehabilitated. Multiple tax credit applicants shall be granted tax credits in the same proportion as their contribution to payment of cleanup costs. Subject to the same conditions and limitations as provided in this section, a municipality, county, or other tax credit applicant which voluntarily rehabilitates a site may receive not more than $500,000 per year in tax credits which it can subsequently transfer subject to the provisions in paragraph (g).

(c) If the credit granted under this section is not fully used in any one year because of insufficient tax liability on the part of the corporation, the unused amount may be carried forward for up to 5 years. The carryover credit may be used in a subsequent year if the tax imposed by this chapter for that year exceeds the credit for which the corporation is eligible in that year after applying the other credits and unused carryovers in the order provided by s. 220.02(8). If during the 5-year period the credit is transferred, in whole or in part, pursuant to paragraph (g), each transferee has 5 years after the date of transfer to use its credit.

(d) A taxpayer that files a consolidated return in this state as a member of an affiliated group under s. 220.131(1) may be allowed the credit on a consolidated return basis up to the amount of tax imposed upon the consolidated group.

(e) A tax credit applicant that receives state-funded site rehabilitation under s. 376.3078(3) for rehabilitation of a drycleaning-solvent-contaminated site is ineligible to receive credit under this section for costs incurred by the tax credit applicant in conjunction with the rehabilitation of that site during the same time period that state-administered site rehabilitation was underway.

(f) Beginning in fiscal year 2023-2024, the total amount of the tax credits which may be granted under this section is $35 million in each fiscal year.

(g)1. Tax credits that may be available under this section to an entity eligible under s. 376.30781 may be transferred after a merger or acquisition to the surviving or acquiring entity and used in the same manner and with the same limitations.

2. The entity or its surviving or acquiring entity as described in subparagraph 1., may transfer any unused credit in whole or in units of at least 25 percent of the remaining credit. The entity acquiring such credit may use it in the same manner and with the same limitation as described in this section. Such transferred credits may not be transferred again although they may succeed to a surviving or acquiring entity subject to the same conditions and limitations as described in this section.

3. If the credit is reduced due to a determination by the Department of Environmental Protection or an examination or audit by the Department of Revenue, the tax deficiency shall be recovered from the first entity, or the surviving or acquiring entity that claimed the credit up to the amount of credit taken. Any subsequent deficiencies shall be assessed against the entity acquiring and claiming the credit, or in the case of multiple succeeding entities in the order of credit succession.

(h) In order to encourage completion of site rehabilitation at contaminated sites being voluntarily cleaned up and eligible for a tax credit under this section, the tax credit applicant may claim an additional 25 percent of the total cleanup costs, not to exceed $500,000, in the final year of cleanup as evidenced by the Department of Environmental Protection issuing a “No Further Action” order for that site.

(i) In order to encourage the construction of housing that meets the definition of affordable provided in s. 420.0004, an applicant for the tax credit may claim an additional 25 percent of the total site rehabilitation costs that are eligible for tax credits under this section, not to exceed $500,000. In order to receive this additional tax credit, the applicant must provide a certification letter from the Florida Housing Finance Corporation, the local housing authority, or other governmental agency that is a party to the use agreement indicating that the construction on the brownfield site has received a certificate of occupancy and the brownfield site has a properly recorded instrument that limits the use of the property to housing that meets the definition of affordable provided in s. 420.0004.

(j) In order to encourage the redevelopment of a brownfield site, as defined in the brownfield site rehabilitation agreement, that is hindered by the presence of solid waste, as defined in s. 403.703, a tax credit applicant, or multiple tax credit applicants working jointly to clean up a single brownfield site, may also claim costs required to address solid waste removal as defined in this paragraph in accordance with rules of the Department of Environmental Protection. Multiple tax credit applicants shall be granted tax credits in the same proportion as each applicant’s contribution to payment of solid waste removal costs. These costs are eligible for a tax credit provided the applicant submits an affidavit stating that, after consultation with appropriate local government officials and the Department of Environmental Protection, to the best of the applicant’s knowledge according to such consultation and available historical records, the brownfield site was never operated as a permitted solid waste disposal area or was never operated for monetary compensation and the applicant submits all other documentation and certifications required by this section. Under this section, wherever reference is made to “site rehabilitation,” the Department of Environmental Protection shall instead consider whether or not the costs claimed are for solid waste removal. Tax credit applications claiming costs pursuant to this paragraph shall not be subject to the calendar-year limitation and January 31 annual application deadline, and the Department of Environmental Protection shall accept a one-time application filed subsequent to the completion by the tax credit applicant of the applicable requirements listed in this section. A tax credit applicant may claim 50 percent of the cost for solid waste removal, not to exceed $500,000, after the applicant has determined solid waste removal is completed for the brownfield site. A solid waste removal tax credit application may be filed only once per brownfield site. For the purposes of this section, the term:

1. “Solid waste disposal area” means a landfill, dump, or other area where solid waste has been disposed of.

2. “Monetary compensation” means the fees that were charged or the assessments that were levied for the disposal of solid waste at a solid waste disposal area.

3. “Solid waste removal” means removal of solid waste from the land surface or excavation of solid waste from below the land surface and removal of the solid waste from the brownfield site. The term also includes:

a. Transportation of solid waste to a licensed or exempt solid waste management facility or to a temporary storage area.

b. Sorting or screening of solid waste prior to removal from the site.

c. Deposition of solid waste at a permitted or exempt solid waste management facility, whether the solid waste is disposed of or recycled.

(k) In order to encourage the construction and operation of a new health care facility as defined in s. 408.032 or s. 408.07, or a health care provider as defined in s. 408.07, on a brownfield site, an applicant for a tax credit may claim an additional 25 percent of the total site rehabilitation costs, not to exceed $500,000, if the applicant meets the requirements of this paragraph. In order to receive this additional tax credit, the applicant must provide documentation indicating that the construction of the health care facility or health care provider by the applicant on the brownfield site has received a certificate of occupancy or a license or certificate has been issued for the operation of the health care facility or health care provider.

(3) FILING REQUIREMENTS.—Any corporation that wishes to obtain credit under this section must submit with its return a tax credit certificate approving tax credits issued by the Department of Environmental Protection under s. 376.30781.

(4) ADMINISTRATION; AUDIT AUTHORITY; TAX CREDIT FORFEITURE.—

(a) The Department of Revenue may adopt rules to prescribe any necessary forms required to claim a tax credit under this section and to provide the administrative guidelines and procedures required to administer this section.

(b) In addition to its existing audit and investigation authority relating to this chapter, the Department of Revenue may perform any additional financial and technical audits and investigations, including examining the accounts, books, or records of the tax credit applicant, which are necessary to verify the site rehabilitation costs included in a tax credit return and to ensure compliance with this section. The Department of Environmental Protection shall provide technical assistance, when requested by the Department of Revenue, on any technical audits performed pursuant to this section.

(c) It is grounds for forfeiture of previously claimed and received tax credits if the Department of Revenue determines, as a result of either an audit or information received from the Department of Environmental Protection, that a taxpayer received tax credits pursuant to this section to which the taxpayer was not entitled. In the case of fraud, the taxpayer shall be prohibited from claiming any future tax credits under this section.

1. The taxpayer is responsible for returning forfeited tax credits to the Department of Revenue, and such funds shall be paid into the General Revenue Fund of the state.

2. The taxpayer shall file with the Department of Revenue an amended tax return or such other report as the Department of Revenue prescribes by rule and shall pay any required tax within 60 days after the taxpayer receives notification from the Department of Environmental Protection pursuant to s. 376.30781 that previously approved tax credits have been revoked or modified, if uncontested, or within 60 days after a final order is issued following proceedings involving a contested revocation or modification order.

3. A notice of deficiency may be issued by the Department of Revenue at any time within 5 years after the date the taxpayer receives notification from the Department of Environmental Protection pursuant to s. 376.30781 that previously approved tax credits have been revoked or modified. If a taxpayer fails to notify the Department of Revenue of any change in its tax credit claimed, a notice of deficiency may be issued at any time. In either case, the amount of any proposed assessment set forth in such notice of deficiency shall be limited to the amount of any deficiency resulting under this section from the recomputation of the taxpayer’s tax for the taxable year.

4. Any taxpayer that fails to report and timely pay any tax due as a result of the forfeiture of its tax credit is in violation of this section and is subject to applicable penalty and interest.

History.—s. 3, ch. 98-189; s. 34, ch. 2000-210; s. 3, ch. 2003-173; s. 2, ch. 2006-291; s. 21, ch. 2006-312; s. 2, ch. 2008-239; s. 59, ch. 2010-205; s. 12, ch. 2011-76; s. 20, ch. 2015-221; s. 32, ch. 2017-36; s. 3, ch. 2018-24; s. 45, ch. 2018-118; s. 31, ch. 2021-31; s. 31, ch. 2023-157.

220.185 State housing tax credit.—

(1) DEFINITIONS.—As used in this section, the term:

(a) “Credit period” means the period of 5 years beginning with the year the project is completed.

(b) “Eligible basis” means a project’s adjusted basis of the housing portion of the qualified project as of the close of the first taxable year of the credit period.

(c) “Adjusted basis” means the owner’s adjusted basis in the project, calculated in a manner consistent with the calculation of basis under the Internal Revenue Code, taking into account the adjusted basis of property of a character subject to the allowance for depreciation used in common areas or provided as comparable amenities to the entire project.

(d) “Designated project” means a qualified project designated pursuant to s. 420.5093 to receive the tax credit under this section.

(e) “Qualified project” means a project located in an urban infill area, at least 50 percent of which, on a cost basis, consists of a qualified low-income project within the meaning of s. 42(g) of the Internal Revenue Code, including such projects designed specifically for the elderly but excluding any income restrictions imposed pursuant to s. 42(g) of the Internal Revenue Code upon residents of the project unless such restrictions are otherwise established by the Florida Housing Finance Corporation pursuant to s. 420.5093, and the remainder of which constitutes commercial or single-family residential development consistent with and serving to complement the qualified low-income project.

(f) “Urban infill area” means an area designated for urban infill as defined by s. 163.3164 or as defined through a statewide urban infill study solicited and approved by the Board of Directors of the Florida Housing Finance Corporation.

(2) AUTHORIZATION TO GRANT STATE HOUSING TAX CREDITS; LIMITATION.—

(a) There shall be allowed a credit of up to 9 percent, but no more than necessary to make the project feasible, of the eligible basis of any designated project for each year of the credit period against any tax due for a taxable year under this chapter.

(b) The total amount of tax credits allocated for all projects shall not exceed the amount appropriated for the State Housing Tax Credit Program in the General Appropriations Act. The total tax credits allocated is defined as the total credits pledged over a 5-year period for all projects.

(c) The tax credit shall be allocated among designated projects by the Florida Housing Finance Corporation as provided in s. 420.5093.

(d) Each designated project must comply with the applicable provisions of s. 42 of the Internal Revenue Code with respect to the multifamily residential rental housing element of the project, including specifically the provisions of s. 42(h)(6).

(e) A tax credit shall be allocated to a designated project and shall not be subject to transfer by the recipient unless the transferee is also an owner of the designated project.

History.—s. 19, ch. 99-378; s. 27, ch. 2000-210.

220.186 Credit for Florida alternative minimum tax.—

(1) A taxpayer required to determine taxable income pursuant to s. 220.13(2)(k) shall be allowed a credit against the tax imposed by this chapter in any subsequent taxable years.

¹(2) The credit pursuant to this section shall be the amount of the excess, if any, of the tax paid based upon taxable income determined pursuant to s. 220.13(2)(k) over the amount of tax which would have been due based upon taxable income without application of s. 220.13(2)(k), before application of this credit without application of any credit under s. 220.1875, s. 220.1876, s. 220.1877, or s. 220.1878.

(3) The amount of credit allowable in any subsequent taxable years shall not exceed the excess, if any, of the amount of tax computed under this chapter without application of s. 220.13(2)(k) over the amount of tax computed with application of s. 220.13(2)(k), whether or not such paragraph is required to compute taxable income for the year.

History.—s. 15, ch. 87-99; s. 16, ch. 90-203; s. 1, ch. 2009-108; s. 8, ch. 2010-24; s. 32, ch. 2021-31; s. 6, ch. 2021-193; s. 20, ch. 2023-17.

¹Note.—

B. Section 43, ch. 2023-17, provides:

“(2) This section expires July 1, 2026.”

220.1875 Credit for contributions to eligible nonprofit scholarship-funding organizations.—

(1) There is allowed a credit of 100 percent of an eligible contribution made to an eligible nonprofit scholarship-funding organization under s. 1002.395 against any tax due for a taxable year under this chapter after the application of any other allowable credits by the taxpayer. An eligible contribution must be made to an eligible nonprofit scholarship-funding organization on or before the date the taxpayer is required to file a return pursuant to s. 220.222. The credit granted by this section shall be reduced by the difference between the amount of federal corporate income tax taking into account the credit granted by this section and the amount of federal corporate income tax without application of the credit granted by this section.

(2) A taxpayer who files a Florida consolidated return as a member of an affiliated group pursuant to s. 220.131(1) may be allowed the credit on a consolidated return basis; however, the total credit taken by the affiliated group is subject to the limitation established under subsection (1).

(3) The provisions of s. 1002.395 apply to the credit authorized by this section.

(4) If a taxpayer applies and is approved for a credit under s. 1002.395 after timely requesting an extension to file under s. 220.222(2):

(a) The credit does not reduce the amount of tax due for purposes of the department’s determination as to whether the taxpayer was in compliance with the requirement to pay tentative taxes under ss. 220.222 and 220.32.

(b) The taxpayer’s noncompliance with the requirement to pay tentative taxes shall result in the revocation and rescindment of any such credit.

(c) The taxpayer shall be assessed for any taxes, penalties, or interest due from the taxpayer’s noncompliance with the requirement to pay tentative taxes.

History.—s. 9, ch. 2010-24; s. 1, ch. 2011-123; s. 7, ch. 2018-6.

¹220.1876 Credit for contributions to the New Worlds Reading Initiative.—

²(1) For taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 2021, there is allowed a credit of 100 percent of an eligible contribution made to the New Worlds Reading Initiative under s. 1003.485 against any tax due for a taxable year under this chapter after the application of any other allowable credits by the taxpayer. An eligible contribution must be made to the New Worlds Reading Initiative on or before the date the taxpayer is required to file a return pursuant to s. 220.222. The credit granted by this section shall be reduced by the difference between the amount of federal corporate income tax, taking into account the credit granted by this section, and the amount of federal corporate income tax without application of the credit granted by this section.

(3) Section 1003.485 applies to the credit authorized by this section.

(4) If a taxpayer applies and is approved for a credit under s. 1003.485 after timely requesting an extension to file under s. 220.222(2):

(b) The taxpayer’s noncompliance with the requirement to pay tentative taxes shall result in the revocation and rescindment of any such credit.

(c) The taxpayer shall be assessed for any taxes, penalties, or interest due from the taxpayer’s noncompliance with the requirement to pay tentative taxes.

History.—s. 7, ch. 2021-193; s. 30, ch. 2022-97.

¹Note.—Section 12, ch. 2021-193, provides that “[t]he Department of Revenue is authorized, and all conditions are deemed met, to adopt emergency rules under s. 120.54(4), Florida Statutes, for the purpose of implementing provisions related to the New Worlds Reading Initiative Tax Credit created by this act. Notwithstanding any other law, emergency rules adopted under this section are effective for 6 months after adoption and may be renewed during the pendency of procedures to adopt permanent rules addressing the subject of the emergency rules.”

²Note.—Section 41, ch. 2022-97, provides that “[t]he Department of Revenue is authorized, and all conditions are deemed met, to adopt emergency rules under s. 120.54(4), Florida Statutes, for the purpose of implementing changes related to the Strong Families tax credit program and the New Worlds Reading Initiative tax credit program made by this act. Notwithstanding any other law, emergency rules adopted under this section are effective for 6 months after adoption and may be renewed during the pendency of procedures to adopt permanent rules addressing the subject of the emergency rules.”

220.1877 Credit for contributions to eligible charitable organizations.—

¹(1) For taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 2021, there is allowed a credit of 100 percent of an eligible contribution made to an eligible charitable organization under s. 402.62 against any tax due for a taxable year under this chapter after the application of any other allowable credits by the taxpayer. An eligible contribution must be made to an eligible charitable organization on or before the date the taxpayer is required to file a return pursuant to s. 220.222. The credit granted by this section shall be reduced by the difference between the amount of federal corporate income tax, taking into account the credit granted by this section, and the amount of federal corporate income tax without application of the credit granted by this section.

(3) Section 402.62 applies to the credit authorized by this section.

(4) If a taxpayer applies and is approved for a credit under s. 402.62 after timely requesting an extension to file under s. 220.222(2):

(b) The taxpayer’s noncompliance with the requirement to pay tentative taxes shall result in the revocation and rescindment of any such credit.

(c) The taxpayer shall be assessed for any taxes, penalties, or interest due from the taxpayer’s noncompliance with the requirement to pay tentative taxes.

History.—s. 33, ch. 2021-31; s. 31, ch. 2022-97.

¹Note.—Section 41, ch. 2022-97, provides that “[t]he Department of Revenue is authorized, and all conditions are deemed met, to adopt emergency rules under s. 120.54(4), Florida Statutes, for the purpose of implementing changes related to the Strong Families tax credit program and the New Worlds Reading Initiative tax credit program made by this act. Notwithstanding any other law, emergency rules adopted under this section are effective for 6 months after adoption and may be renewed during the pendency of procedures to adopt permanent rules addressing the subject of the emergency rules.”

¹220.1878 Credit for contributions to the Live Local Program.—

(1) For taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 2023, there is allowed a credit of 100 percent of an eligible contribution made to the Live Local Program under s. 420.50872 against any tax due for a taxable year under this chapter after the application of any other allowable credits by the taxpayer. An eligible contribution must be made to the Live Local Program on or before the date the taxpayer is required to file a return pursuant to s. 220.222. The credit granted by this section must be reduced by the difference between the amount of federal corporate income tax, taking into account the credit granted by this section, and the amount of federal corporate income tax without application of the credit granted by this section.

(3) Section 420.50872 applies to the credit authorized by this section.

(4) If a taxpayer applies and is approved for a credit under s. 420.50872 after timely requesting an extension to file under s. 220.222(2):

(b) The taxpayer’s noncompliance with the requirement to pay tentative taxes shall result in the revocation and rescindment of any such credit.

(c) The taxpayer shall be assessed for any taxes, penalties, or interest due from the taxpayer’s noncompliance with the requirement to pay tentative taxes.

History.—s. 21, ch. 2023-17.

¹Note.—Section 43, ch. 2023-17, provides:

“(2) This section expires July 1, 2026.”

220.1895 Rural Job Tax Credit and Urban High-Crime Area Job Tax Credit.—There shall be allowed a credit against the tax imposed by this chapter amounts approved by the Department of Commerce pursuant to the Rural Job Tax Credit Program in s. 212.098 and the Urban High-Crime Area Job Tax Credit Program in s. 212.097. A corporation that uses its credit against the tax imposed by this chapter may not take the credit against the tax imposed by chapter 212. If any credit granted under this section is not fully used in the first year for which it becomes available, the unused amount may be carried forward for a period not to exceed 5 years. The carryover may be used in a subsequent year when the tax imposed by this chapter for such year exceeds the credit for such year under this section after applying the other credits and unused credit carryovers in the order provided in s. 220.02(8).

History.—s. 5, ch. 97-50; s. 35, ch. 2000-210; s. 21, ch. 2005-2; s. 92, ch. 2011-142; s. 59, ch. 2024-6.

¹220.19 Child care tax credits.—

(1) For taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 2024, there is allowed a credit pursuant to s. 402.261 against any tax due for a taxable year under this chapter after the application of any other allowable credits by the taxpayer. The credit must be earned pursuant to s. 402.261 on or before the date the taxpayer is required to file a return pursuant to s. 220.222.

(2) A taxpayer that files a consolidated return in this state as a member of an affiliated group under s. 220.131(1) may be allowed the credit on a consolidated return basis; however, the total credit taken by the affiliated group is subject to the limitation established under s. 402.261(2)(d).

(3) The provisions of s. 402.261 apply to the credit authorized by this section.

(4) If a taxpayer applies and is approved for a credit under s. 402.261 after timely requesting an extension to file under s. 220.222(2):

(b) The taxpayer’s noncompliance with the requirement to pay tentative taxes shall result in the revocation and rescindment of any such credit.

(c) The taxpayer shall be assessed for any taxes, penalties, or interest due from the taxpayer’s noncompliance with the requirement to pay tentative taxes.

(5) For purposes of calculating the underpayment of estimated corporate income taxes under s. 220.34, the final amount due is the amount after credits earned under this section are deducted. For purposes of determining if a penalty or interest under s. 220.34(2)(d)1. will be imposed for underpayment of estimated corporate income tax, a taxpayer may, after earning a credit under this section, reduce any estimated payment in that taxable year by the amount of the credit.

History.—s. 4, ch. 98-293; s. 36, ch. 2000-210; s. 5, ch. 2009-20; s. 39, ch. 2024-158.

¹Note.—

A. Section 55, ch. 2024-158, provides that “[t]he amendments made by this act to ss. 220.19, 624.509, and 624.5107, Florida Statutes, and ss. 211.0254, 212.1835, 402.261, and 561.1214, Florida Statutes, as created by this act, apply retroactively to January 1, 2024.”

B. Section 61, ch. 2024-158, provides:

“(2) This section shall take effect upon this act becoming a law and expires July 1, 2027.”

220.191 Capital investment tax credit.—

(1) DEFINITIONS.—For purposes of this section:

(a) “Average private sector wage in the area” means the statewide private sector average wage or the average of all private sector wages and salaries in the county or in the standard metropolitan area in which a business is located.

(b) “Commencement of operations” means the beginning of active operations by a qualifying business of the principal function for which a qualifying project was constructed.

(c) “Cumulative capital investment” means the total capital investment in land, buildings, and equipment made in connection with a qualifying project during the period from the beginning of construction of the project to the commencement of operations.

(d) “Eligible capital costs” means all expenses incurred by a qualifying business in connection with the acquisition, construction, installation, and equipping of a qualifying project during the period from the beginning of construction of the project to the commencement of operations, including, but not limited to:

1. The costs of acquiring, constructing, installing, equipping, and financing a qualifying project, including all obligations incurred for labor and obligations to contractors, subcontractors, builders, and materialmen.

2. The costs of acquiring land or rights to land and any cost incidental thereto, including recording fees.

3. The costs of architectural and engineering services, including test borings, surveys, estimates, plans and specifications, preliminary investigations, environmental mitigation, and supervision of construction, as well as the performance of all duties required by or consequent to the acquisition, construction, installation, and equipping of a qualifying project.

4. The costs associated with the installation of fixtures and equipment; surveys, including archaeological and environmental surveys; site tests and inspections; subsurface site work and excavation; removal of structures, roadways, and other surface obstructions; filling, grading, paving, and provisions for drainage, storm water retention, and installation of utilities, including water, sewer, sewage treatment, gas, electricity, communications, and similar facilities; and offsite construction of utility extensions to the boundaries of the property.

Eligible capital costs shall not include the cost of any property previously owned or leased by the qualifying business.

(e) “Income generated by or arising out of the qualifying project” means the qualifying project’s annual taxable income as determined by generally accepted accounting principles and under s. 220.13.

(f) “Jobs” means full-time equivalent positions, as that term is consistent with terms used by the Department of Commerce and the United States Department of Labor for purposes of reemployment assistance tax administration and employment estimation, resulting directly from a project in this state. The term does not include temporary construction jobs involved in the construction of the project facility.

(g) “Qualifying business” means a business which establishes a qualifying project in this state and which is certified by the Department of Commerce to receive tax credits pursuant to this section.

(h) “Qualifying project” means a facility in this state meeting one or more of the following criteria:

1. A new or expanding facility in this state which creates at least 100 new jobs in this state and is in one of the high-impact sectors identified and designated by the Department of Commerce pursuant to s. 288.108(6), including, but not limited to, aviation, aerospace, automotive, and silicon technology industries. However, between July 1, 2011, and June 30, 2014, the requirement that a facility be in a high-impact sector is waived for any otherwise eligible business from another state which locates all or a portion of its business to a Disproportionally Affected County. For purposes of this section, the term “Disproportionally Affected County” means Bay County, Escambia County, Franklin County, Gulf County, Okaloosa County, Santa Rosa County, Walton County, or Wakulla County.

2. A new or expanded facility in this state which is engaged in a target industry designated pursuant to the procedure specified in s. 288.005(7) and which is induced by this credit to create or retain at least 1,000 jobs in this state, provided that at least 100 of those jobs are new, pay an annual average wage of at least 130 percent of the average private sector wage in the area, and make a cumulative capital investment of at least $100 million. Jobs may be considered retained only if there is significant evidence that the loss of jobs is imminent. Notwithstanding subsection (2), annual credits against the tax imposed by this chapter may not exceed 50 percent of the increased annual corporate income tax liability or the premium tax liability generated by or arising out of a project qualifying under this subparagraph. A facility that qualifies under this subparagraph for an annual credit against the tax imposed by this chapter may take the tax credit for a period not to exceed 5 years.

3. A new or expanded headquarters facility in this state which locates in an enterprise zone and brownfield area and is induced by this credit to create at least 1,500 jobs which on average pay at least 200 percent of the statewide average annual private sector wage, as published by the Department of Commerce, and which new or expanded headquarters facility makes a cumulative capital investment in this state of at least $250 million.

(2)(a) An annual credit against the tax imposed by this chapter shall be granted to any qualifying business in an amount equal to 5 percent of the eligible capital costs generated by a qualifying project, for a period not to exceed 20 years beginning with the commencement of operations of the project. Unless assigned as described in this subsection, the tax credit shall be granted against only the corporate income tax liability or the premium tax liability generated by or arising out of the qualifying project, and the sum of all tax credits provided pursuant to this section shall not exceed 100 percent of the eligible capital costs of the project. In no event may any credit granted under this section be carried forward or backward by any qualifying business with respect to a subsequent or prior year. The annual tax credit granted under this section shall not exceed the following percentages of the annual corporate income tax liability or the premium tax liability generated by or arising out of a qualifying project:

1. One hundred percent for a qualifying project which results in a cumulative capital investment of at least $100 million.

2. Seventy-five percent for a qualifying project which results in a cumulative capital investment of at least $50 million but less than $100 million.

3. Fifty percent for a qualifying project which results in a cumulative capital investment of at least $25 million but less than $50 million.

(b) A qualifying project which results in a cumulative capital investment of less than $25 million is not eligible for the capital investment tax credit. An insurance company claiming a credit against premium tax liability under this program shall not be required to pay any additional retaliatory tax levied pursuant to s. 624.5091 as a result of claiming such credit. Because credits under this section are available to an insurance company, s. 624.5091 does not limit such credit in any manner.

(c) A qualifying business that establishes a qualifying project that includes locating a new solar panel manufacturing facility in this state that generates a minimum of 400 jobs within 6 months after commencement of operations with an average salary of at least $50,000 may assign or transfer the annual credit, or any portion thereof, granted under this section to any other business. However, the amount of the tax credit that may be transferred in any year shall be the lesser of the qualifying business’s state corporate income tax liability for that year, as limited by the percentages applicable under paragraph (a) and as calculated prior to taking any credit pursuant to this section, or the credit amount granted for that year. A business receiving the transferred or assigned credits may use the credits only in the year received, and the credits may not be carried forward or backward. To perfect the transfer, the transferor shall provide the department with a written transfer statement notifying the department of the transferor’s intent to transfer the tax credits to the transferee; the date the transfer is effective; the transferee’s name, address, and federal taxpayer identification number; the tax period; and the amount of tax credits to be transferred. The department shall, upon receipt of a transfer statement conforming to the requirements of this paragraph, provide the transferee with a certificate reflecting the tax credit amounts transferred. A copy of the certificate must be attached to each tax return for which the transferee seeks to apply such tax credits.

(d) If the credit granted under subparagraph (a)1. is not fully used in any one year because of insufficient tax liability on the part of the qualifying business, the unused amounts may be used in any one year or years beginning with the 21st year after the commencement of operations of the project and ending the 30th year after the commencement of operations of the project.

(3)(a) Notwithstanding subsection (2), an annual credit against the tax imposed by this chapter shall be granted to a qualifying business which establishes a qualifying project pursuant to subparagraph (1)(h)3., in an amount equal to the lesser of $15 million or 5 percent of the eligible capital costs made in connection with a qualifying project, for a period not to exceed 20 years beginning with the commencement of operations of the project. The tax credit shall be granted against the corporate income tax liability of the qualifying business and as further provided in paragraph (c). The total tax credit provided pursuant to this subsection shall be equal to no more than 100 percent of the eligible capital costs of the qualifying project.

(b) If the credit granted under this subsection is not fully used in any one year because of insufficient tax liability on the part of the qualifying business, the unused amount may be carried forward for a period not to exceed 20 years after the commencement of operations of the project. The carryover credit may be used in a subsequent year when the tax imposed by this chapter for that year exceeds the credit for which the qualifying business is eligible in that year under this subsection after applying the other credits and unused carryovers in the order provided by s. 220.02(8).

(c) The credit granted under this subsection may be used in whole or in part by the qualifying business or any corporation that is either a member of that qualifying business’s affiliated group of corporations, is a related entity taxable as a cooperative under subchapter T of the Internal Revenue Code, or, if the qualifying business is an entity taxable as a cooperative under subchapter T of the Internal Revenue Code, is related to the qualifying business. Any entity related to the qualifying business may continue to file as a member of a Florida-nexus consolidated group pursuant to a prior election made under s. 220.131(1), Florida Statutes (1985), even if the parent of the group changes due to a direct or indirect acquisition of the former common parent of the group. Any credit can be used by any of the affiliated companies or related entities referenced in this paragraph to the same extent as it could have been used by the qualifying business. However, any such use shall not operate to increase the amount of the credit or extend the period within which the credit must be used.

(4) Prior to receiving tax credits pursuant to this section, a qualifying business must achieve and maintain the minimum employment goals beginning with the commencement of operations at a qualifying project and continuing each year thereafter during which tax credits are available pursuant to this section.

(5) Applications shall be reviewed and certified pursuant to s. 288.061. The Department of Commerce shall first certify a business as eligible to receive tax credits pursuant to this section prior to the commencement of operations of a qualifying project, and such certification shall be transmitted to the Department of Revenue. Upon receipt of the certification, the Department of Revenue shall enter into a written agreement with the qualifying business specifying, at a minimum, the method by which income generated by or arising out of the qualifying project will be determined.

(6) The Department of Commerce is authorized to develop the necessary guidelines and application materials for the certification process described in subsection (5).

(7) It shall be the responsibility of the qualifying business to affirmatively demonstrate to the satisfaction of the Department of Revenue that such business meets the job creation and capital investment requirements of this section.

(8) The Department of Revenue may specify by rule the methods by which a project’s pro forma annual taxable income is determined.

History.—s. 2, ch. 98-61; s. 64, ch. 99-251; s. 6, ch. 2003-36; s. 1, ch. 2003-270; s. 17, ch. 2004-5; s. 10, ch. 2005-3; s. 5, ch. 2005-282; s. 1, ch. 2006-55; s. 10, ch. 2008-227; s. 8, ch. 2009-51; s. 3, ch. 2010-136; s. 95, ch. 2011-142; s. 1, ch. 2011-223; s. 50, ch. 2012-30; s. 25, ch. 2023-173; s. 60, ch. 2024-6.

¹220.1915 Credit for qualified railroad reconstruction or replacement expenditures.—

²(1) For purposes of this section:

(a) “Qualified expenditures” means gross expenditures made in this state by a qualifying railroad during the taxable year in which the credit is claimed, provided such expenditures were made on track that was owned or leased by a qualifying railroad on the last day of the prior calendar year, and were:

1. For the maintenance, reconstruction, or replacement of railroad infrastructure, including track, roadbed, bridges, industrial leads and sidings, or track-related structures which were owned or leased by the qualifying railroad; or

2. For new construction by the qualifying railroad of industrial leads, switches, spurs and sidings, and extensions of existing sidings located in this state.

(b) “Qualifying railroad” means any Class II or Class III railroad operating in this state on the last day of the calendar year prior to the taxable year for which the credit is claimed, pursuant to the classifications in effect for that year as set by the United States Surface Transportation Board or its successor.

²(2)(a) For taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 2023, a qualifying railroad is eligible for a credit against the tax imposed by this chapter if it has qualified expenditures in this state in the taxable year.

(b) The credit allowed under this section is equal to 50 percent of a qualifying railroad’s qualified expenditures incurred in this state in the taxable year, as limited by paragraph (c).

(c) The amount of the credit may not exceed the product of $3,500 and the number of miles of railroad track owned or leased within this state by the qualifying railroad as of the end of the calendar year prior to the taxable year in which the qualified expenditures were incurred. The Department of Transportation shall certify to the department the number of miles of railroad track within this state that each qualifying railroad owned or leased on the last day of each calendar year. Such certification must be provided to the department no later than the last business day of January for the prior year ending December 31.

²(3)(a) A qualifying railroad must submit to the department an application including any documentation or information required by the department to demonstrate eligibility for the credit allowed under this section. Such application must specify the taxable year for which the credit is requested, and may be filed at any time during that taxable year once the qualifying expenditures have been made. The application must be filed no later than May 1 of the year following the year in which the qualifying expenditures were made.

(b) Only one application may be filed per qualifying railroad per taxable year.

(c) The qualifying railroad must include an affidavit certifying that all information contained in the application is true and correct, and supporting documentation must include any relevant information, as determined by the rules of the department, to verify eligibility of qualified expenditures made in this state for the credit allowed under this section. The supporting documentation must include, but is not limited to, the following:

1. The number of track miles owned or leased in this state by the qualifying railroad on the last day of the prior calendar year. If this number is different than the number provided by the Department of Transportation under paragraph (2)(c), the department shall use the number of miles provided by the Department of Transportation to calculate the limitation for the credit under that paragraph.

2. The total amount and description of each qualified expenditure.

3. Financial receipts or other records necessary to verify the accuracy of the information submitted pursuant to this subsection.

4. If a copy of any Internal Revenue Service Form 8900, or its equivalent, is filed with the Internal Revenue Service for any credit under 26 U.S.C. s. 45G for which the federal credit related in whole or in part to the qualified expenditures in this state for which the credit is sought, such form shall be provided to the department within 60 days of submission to the Internal Revenue Service. Approval of this credit shall not be delayed until, or contingent upon, receipt of such form. The department shall retain such form for any qualifying railroad that is a taxpayer under this chapter along with records related to the credit until the taxable period covered by the form is no longer subject to review or audit by the department.

(d) The department must issue a letter to the qualifying railroad within 30 days after receipt of the completed application indicating the amount of the approved credit.

(e) The department may consult with the Department of Transportation regarding the qualifications, ownership, or classification of any qualifying railroad applying for a credit under this section. The Department of Transportation shall provide technical assistance, when requested by the department, on any technical audits performed pursuant to this section, in addition to providing the annual certification under paragraph (2)(c).

²(4)(a) If the credit granted under this section is not fully used in any one taxable year because of insufficient tax liability on the part of the qualifying railroad, or because the qualifying railroad is not subject to tax under this chapter, the unused amount may be carried forward for a period not to exceed 5 taxable years or may be transferred in accordance with paragraph (b). The carryover or transferred credit may be used in the year approved or any of the 5 subsequent taxable years, when the tax imposed by this chapter for that taxable year exceeds the credit for which the qualifying railroad or transferee under paragraph (b) is eligible in that taxable year under this subsection, after applying the other credits and unused carryovers in the order provided by s. 220.02(8).

(b)1. The credit under this section may be transferred, in whole or in part:

a. By written agreement to a taxpayer subject to the tax under this chapter and that either transports property using the rail facilities of any qualifying railroad or furnishes railroad-related property or services, as those terms are defined in 26 C.F.R. s. 1.45G-1(b), to any railroad operating in this state, or is a railroad; and

b. At any time after receipt of approval in paragraph (3)(d), or during the 5 taxable years following the taxable year the credit was originally earned by the qualifying railroad.

2. The written agreement required for transfer under this paragraph shall:

a. Be filed jointly by the qualifying railroad and the transferee with the department within 30 days after the transfer, in accordance with rules adopted by the department; and

b. Contain all of the following information: the name, address, and taxpayer identification number for the qualifying railroad and the transferee; the amount of the credit being transferred; the taxable year in which the credit was originally earned by the qualifying railroad; and the remaining taxable years for which the credit may be claimed.

(5) Notification of a transfer of credit under this section must be submitted to the department on a form adopted by rule of the department. Within 30 days after the transfer, the department shall provide a letter acknowledging the transfer, after which time the transferee may claim the transferred credit on its return due on or after the date of the letter. The transferee shall attach a copy of the letter to its return when claiming the credit.

(6) In the event the credit provided under this section is reduced as a result of an examination or audit by the department, such tax deficiency shall be recovered from the first entity to have claimed such credit up to the amount of credit taken. Any subsequent deficiency shall be assessed against any entity acquiring and claiming such credit or, in the case of multiple succeeding entities, in the order of credit succession.

(7) The department may adopt rules to implement this section.

History.—s. 32, ch. 2022-97; s. 40, ch. 2024-158.

¹Note.—Section 53, ch. 2022-97, provides:

“(1) The Department of Revenue is authorized, and all conditions are deemed met, to adopt emergency rules pursuant to s. 120.54(4), Florida Statutes, to implement the amendments made by this act to s. 212.08; the creation by this act of ss. 197.319, ³197.3195, and 220.1915, Florida Statutes; and the creation by this act of the temporary tax exemptions for ENERGY STAR appliances, children’s books, children’s diapers, baby and toddler clothing and shoes, and impact-resistant windows, doors, and garage doors. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, emergency rules adopted pursuant to this subsection are effective for 6 months after adoption and may be renewed during the pendency of procedures to adopt permanent rules addressing the subject of the emergency rules.

“(2) This section shall take effect upon this act becoming a law and expires July 1, 2025.”

²Note.—Section 61, ch. 2024-158, provides:

“(2) This section shall take effect upon this act becoming a law and expires July 1, 2027.”

³Note.—Repealed by s. 7, ch. 2024-3.

220.193 Florida renewable energy production credit.—

(1) The purpose of this section is to encourage the development and expansion of facilities that produce renewable energy in Florida.

(2) As used in this section, the term:

(a) “Commission” means the Public Service Commission.

(b) “Department” means the Department of Revenue.

(c) “Expanded facility” means a Florida renewable energy facility that increases its electrical production and sale by more than 5 percent above the facility’s electrical production and sale during the 2011 calendar year.

(d) “Florida renewable energy facility” means a facility in the state that produces electricity for sale from renewable energy.

(e) “New facility” means a Florida renewable energy facility that is operationally placed in service after May 1, 2006. The term includes a Florida renewable energy facility that has had an expansion operationally placed in service after May 1, 2006, and whose cost exceeded 50 percent of the assessed value of the facility immediately before the expansion.

(f) “Sale” or “sold” includes the use of electricity by the producer of such electricity which decreases the amount of electricity that the producer would otherwise have to purchase.

(g) “Taxpayer” includes a general partnership, limited partnership, limited liability company, trust, or other artificial entity in which a corporation, as defined in s. 220.03(1)(e), owns an interest and is taxed as a partnership or is disregarded as a separate entity from the corporation under this chapter.

(3) An annual credit against the tax imposed by this section shall be allowed to a taxpayer, based on the taxpayer’s production and sale of electricity from a new or expanded Florida renewable energy facility. For a new facility, the credit shall be based on the taxpayer’s sale of the facility’s entire electrical production. For an expanded facility, the credit shall be based on the increases in the facility’s electrical production that are achieved after May 1, 2012.

(a) The credit shall be $0.01 for each kilowatt-hour of electricity produced and sold by the taxpayer to an unrelated party during a given tax year.

(b) The credit may be claimed for electricity produced and sold on or after January 1, 2013. Beginning in 2014 and continuing until 2017, each taxpayer claiming a credit under this section must apply to the Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services by the date established by the Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services for an allocation of available credits for that year. The application form shall be adopted by rule of the Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services in consultation with the commission. The application form shall, at a minimum, require a sworn affidavit from each taxpayer certifying the increase in production and sales that form the basis of the application and certifying that all information contained in the application is true and correct.

(c) If the amount of credits applied for each year exceeds the amount authorized in paragraph (g), the Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services shall allocate credits to qualified applicants based on the following priority:

1. An applicant who places a new facility in operation after May 1, 2012, shall be allocated credits first, up to a maximum of $250,000 each, with any remaining credits to be granted pursuant to subparagraph 3., but if the claims for credits under this subparagraph exceed the state fiscal year cap in paragraph (g), credits shall be allocated pursuant to this subparagraph on a prorated basis based upon each applicant’s qualified production and sales as a percentage of total production and sales for all applicants in this category for the fiscal year.

2. An applicant who does not qualify under subparagraph 1. but who claims a credit of $50,000 or less shall be allocated credits next, but if the claims for credits under this subparagraph, combined with credits allocated in subparagraph 1., exceed the state fiscal year cap in paragraph (g), credits shall be allocated pursuant to this subparagraph on a prorated basis based upon each applicant’s qualified production and sales as a percentage of total qualified production and sales for all applicants in this category for the fiscal year.

3. An applicant who does not qualify under subparagraph 1. or subparagraph 2. and an applicant whose credits have not been fully allocated under subparagraph 1. shall be allocated credits next. If there is insufficient capacity within the amount authorized for the state fiscal year in paragraph (g), and after allocations pursuant to subparagraphs 1. and 2., the credits allocated under this subparagraph shall be prorated based upon each applicant’s unallocated claims for qualified production and sales as a percentage of total unallocated claims for qualified production and sales of all applicants in this category, up to a maximum of $1 million per taxpayer per state fiscal year. If, after application of this $1 million cap, there is excess capacity under the state fiscal year cap in paragraph (g) in any state fiscal year, that remaining capacity shall be used to allocate additional credits with priority given in the order set forth in this subparagraph and without regard to the $1 million per taxpayer cap.

(d) If the credit granted pursuant to this section is not fully used in 1 year because of insufficient tax liability on the part of the taxpayer, the unused amount may be carried forward for a period not to exceed 5 years. The carryover credit may be used in a subsequent year when the tax imposed by this chapter for such year exceeds the credit for such year, after applying the other credits and unused credit carryovers in the order provided in s. 220.02(8).

(e) A taxpayer that files a consolidated return in this state as a member of an affiliated group under s. 220.131(1) may be allowed the credit on a consolidated return basis up to the amount of tax imposed upon the consolidated group.

(f)1. Tax credits that may be available under this section to an entity eligible under this section may be transferred after a merger or acquisition to the surviving or acquiring entity and used in the same manner with the same limitations.

2. The entity or its surviving or acquiring entity as described in subparagraph 1. may transfer any unused credit in whole or in units of no less than 25 percent of the remaining credit. The entity acquiring such credit may use it in the same manner and with the same limitations under this section. Such transferred credits may not be transferred again although they may succeed to a surviving or acquiring entity subject to the same conditions and limitations as described in this section.

3. In the event the credit provided for under this section is reduced as a result of an examination or audit by the department, such tax deficiency shall be recovered from the first entity or the surviving or acquiring entity to have claimed such credit up to the amount of credit taken. Any subsequent deficiencies shall be assessed against any entity acquiring and claiming such credit, or in the case of multiple succeeding entities in the order of credit succession.

(g) Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, credits for the production and sale of electricity from a new or expanded Florida renewable energy facility may be earned between January 1, 2013, and June 30, 2016. The combined total amount of tax credits which may be granted for all taxpayers under this section is limited to $5 million in state fiscal year 2012-2013 and $10 million per state fiscal year in state fiscal years 2013-2014 through 2016-2017. If the annual tax credit authorization amount is not exhausted by allocations of credits within that particular state fiscal year, any authorized but unallocated credit amounts may be used to grant credits that were earned pursuant to ¹s. 220.192 but unallocated due to a lack of authorized funds.

(h) A taxpayer claiming a credit under this section shall be required to add back to net income that portion of its business deductions claimed on its federal return paid or incurred for the taxable year which is equal to the amount of the credit allowable for the taxable year under this section.

(i) When an entity treated as a partnership or a disregarded entity under this chapter produces and sells electricity from a new or expanded renewable energy facility, the credit earned by such entity shall pass through in the same manner as items of income and expense pass through for federal income tax purposes. When an entity applies for the credit and the entity has received the credit by a pass-through, the application must identify the taxpayer that passed the credit through, all taxpayers that received the credit, and the percentage of the credit that passes through to each recipient and must provide other information that the Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services requires.

(j) A taxpayer’s use of the credit granted pursuant to this section does not reduce the amount of any credit available to such taxpayer under s. 220.186.

(4) The Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services shall make a determination on the eligibility of the applicant for the credits sought and certify the determination to the applicant and the Department of Revenue. The corporation must attach the Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services’ certification to the tax return on which the credit is claimed. The Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services is responsible for ensuring that the corporate income tax credits granted in each fiscal year do not exceed the limits provided for in this section.

(5)(a) In addition to its existing audit and investigation authority, the Department of Revenue may perform any additional financial and technical audits and investigations, including examining the accounts, books, and records of the tax credit applicant, which are necessary to verify the information included in the tax credit return and to ensure compliance with this section. The Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services shall provide technical assistance when requested by the Department of Revenue on any technical audits or examinations performed pursuant to this section.

(b) It is grounds for forfeiture of previously claimed and received tax credits if the Department of Revenue determines, as a result of an audit or examination or from information received from the Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, that a taxpayer received tax credits pursuant to this section to which the taxpayer was not entitled. The taxpayer is responsible for returning forfeited tax credits to the Department of Revenue, and such funds shall be paid into the General Revenue Fund of the state.

(c) The Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services may revoke or modify any written decision granting eligibility for tax credits under this section if it is discovered that the tax credit applicant submitted any false statement, representation, or certification in any application, record, report, plan, or other document filed in an attempt to receive tax credits under this section. The Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services shall immediately notify the Department of Revenue of any revoked or modified orders affecting previously granted tax credits. Additionally, the taxpayer must notify the Department of Revenue of any change in its tax credit claimed.

(d) The taxpayer shall file with the Department of Revenue an amended return or such other report as the Department of Revenue prescribes by rule and shall pay any required tax and interest within 60 days after the taxpayer receives notification from the Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services that previously approved tax credits have been revoked or modified. If the revocation or modification order is contested, the taxpayer shall file an amended return or other report as provided in this paragraph within 60 days after a final order is issued after proceedings.

(e) A notice of deficiency may be issued by the Department of Revenue at any time within 3 years after the taxpayer receives formal notification from the Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services that previously approved tax credits have been revoked or modified. If a taxpayer fails to notify the Department of Revenue of any changes to its tax credit claimed, a notice of deficiency may be issued at any time.

(6) The Department of Revenue and the Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services may adopt rules to implement and administer this section, including rules prescribing forms, the documentation needed to substantiate a claim for the tax credit, and the specific procedures and guidelines for claiming the credit.

(7) The Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services shall determine and publish on its website on a regular basis the amount of available tax credits remaining in each fiscal year.

(8) This section shall take effect upon becoming law and shall apply to tax years beginning on and after January 1, 2013.

History.—s. 13, ch. 2006-230; s. 12, ch. 2008-227; s. 7, ch. 2012-117; s. 43, ch. 2020-2; s. 15, ch. 2024-186.

¹Note.—Repealed by s. 3, ch. 2019-4.

220.195 Emergency excise tax credit.—

(1) Beginning with taxable years ending in 2012, a taxpayer who has earned, but not yet taken, a credit for emergency excise tax paid under former s. 221.02 may take such credit against the tax imposed by this chapter.

(2) If a credit granted pursuant to this section is not fully used in taxable years ending in 2012 because of insufficient tax liability on the part of the taxpayer, the unused amount may be carried forward for a period not to exceed 5 years. The carryover credit may be used in a subsequent year when the tax imposed by this chapter for such year exceeds the credit for such year, after applying the other credits and unused credit carryovers in the order provided in s. 220.02(8).

History.—s. 16, ch. 2011-76.

220.196 Research and development tax credit.—

(1) DEFINITIONS.—As used in this section, the term:

(a) “Base amount” means the average of the business enterprise’s qualified research expenses in this state allowed under 26 U.S.C. s. 41 for the 4 taxable years preceding the taxable year for which the credit is determined. The qualified research expenses taken into account in computing the base amount shall be determined on a basis consistent with the determination of qualified research expenses for the taxable year.

(b) “Business enterprise” means any corporation as defined in s. 220.03 which meets the definition of a target industry business as defined in s. 288.005.

(c) “Qualified research expenses” means research expenses qualifying for the credit under 26 U.S.C. s. 41 for in-house research expenses incurred in this state or contract research expenses incurred in this state. The term does not include research conducted outside this state or research expenses that do not qualify for a credit under 26 U.S.C. s. 41.

(2) TAX CREDIT.—

(a) As provided in this section, a business enterprise is eligible for a credit against the tax imposed by this chapter if it:

1. Has qualified research expenses in this state in the taxable year exceeding the base amount;

2. Claims and is allowed a research credit for such qualified research expenses under 26 U.S.C. s. 41 for the same taxable year as subparagraph 1.; and

3. Is a qualified target industry business as defined in former s. 288.106(2)(n), Florida Statutes 2022. Only qualified target industry businesses in the manufacturing, life sciences, information technology, aviation and aerospace, homeland security and defense, cloud information technology, marine sciences, materials science, and nanotechnology industries may qualify for a tax credit under this section. A business applying for a credit pursuant to this section shall include a letter from the Department of Commerce certifying whether the business meets the requirements of this subparagraph with its application for credit. The Department of Commerce shall provide such a letter upon receiving a request.

(b) The tax credit shall be 10 percent of the excess qualified research expenses over the base amount. However, the maximum tax credit for a business enterprise that has not been in existence for at least 4 taxable years immediately preceding the taxable year is reduced by 25 percent for each taxable year for which the business enterprise, or a predecessor corporation that was a business enterprise, did not exist.

(c) The credit taken in any taxable year may not exceed 50 percent of the business enterprise’s remaining net income tax liability under this chapter after all other credits have been applied under s. 220.02(8).

(d) Any unused credit authorized under this section may be carried forward and claimed by the taxpayer for up to 5 years.

(e) The combined total amount of tax credits which may be granted to all business enterprises under this section during any calendar year is $9 million, except that the total amount that may be awarded in the 2018 calendar year is $16.5 million. Applications may be filed with the department on or after March 20 and before March 27 for qualified research expenses incurred within the preceding calendar year. If the total credits for all applicants exceed the maximum amount allowed under this paragraph, the credits shall be allocated on a prorated basis.

(3) RECALCULATION OF CREDIT AMOUNT.—If the amount of qualified research expenses is reduced as a result of a federal audit or examination, the credit granted pursuant to this section must be recalculated. The taxpayer must file amended returns for all affected years pursuant to s. 220.23(2), and the taxpayer must pay to the department the difference between the initial credit amount taken and the recalculated credit amount with interest.

(4) RULES.—The department may adopt rules to administer this section, including, but not limited to, rules prescribing forms and application procedures and dates, and may establish guidelines for making an affirmative showing of qualification for a credit and any evidence needed to substantiate a claim for credit under this section.

History.—s. 17, ch. 2011-76; s. 21, ch. 2015-221; s. 33, ch. 2017-36; s. 27, ch. 2023-173.

220.198 Experiential learning tax credit program.—

(1) This section may be cited as the “Florida Experiential Learning Tax Credit Program.”

(2) As used in this section, the term:

(a) “Apprentice” has the same meaning as in s. 446.021(2).

(b) “Full time” means at least 30 hours per week.

(d) “Qualified business” means a business that is in existence and has been continuously operating for at least 3 years.

(e) “Student intern” means a person who has completed at least 60 credit hours at a state university or 15 credit hours at a Florida College System institution, regardless of whether the student intern receives course credit for the internship; a person who is enrolled in a career center operated by a school district under s. 1001.44 or a charter technical career center; or any graduate student enrolled at a state university.

(3) For taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 2022, a qualified business is eligible for a credit against the tax imposed by this chapter in the amount of $2,000 per apprentice, preapprentice, or student intern if all of the following apply:

(a) The qualified business employed at least one apprentice, preapprentice, or student intern in an apprenticeship, preapprenticeship, or internship in which the student intern worked full time in this state for at least 9 consecutive weeks, or the apprentice or preapprentice worked in this state for at least 500 hours, and the qualified business provides the department documentation evidencing each apprenticeship, preapprenticeship, or internship claimed. The department may require the taxpayer to provide the taxpayer’s Registered Apprenticeship Partners Information Data System program identification number and other necessary information, which the department may verify with the Department of Education.

(b) The qualified business provides the department documentation for the current taxable year showing that at least 20 percent of the business’ full-time employees were previously employed by that business as apprentices, preapprentices, or student interns.

(c) Each apprentice, preapprentice, or student intern provides the qualified business with verification by the apprentice’s, preapprentice’s, or student intern’s state university, Florida College System institution, career center operated by a school district under s. 1001.44, charter technical career center, or provider of related technical instruction that the apprentice, preapprentice, or student intern is enrolled and maintains a minimum grade point average of 2.0 on a 4.0 scale, if applicable. The qualified business may accept a letter from the applicable educational institution or provider of related technical instruction stating that the apprentice, preapprentice, or student intern is enrolled as evidence that the apprentice, preapprentice, or student intern meets these requirements.

(4) Notwithstanding paragraph (3)(b), a qualified business that, on average for the 3 immediately preceding years, employed 10 or fewer full-time employees may receive the tax credit if it provides documentation that it previously hired at least one apprentice, preapprentice, or student intern and, for the current taxable year, that it employs on a full-time basis at least one employee who was previously employed by that qualified business as an apprentice, preapprentice, or student intern.

(5)(a) A qualified business, including all subsidiaries, may not claim a tax credit of more than $10,000 in any one taxable year.

(b) The combined total amount of tax credits which may be granted to qualified businesses under this section is $2.5 million in each of state fiscal years 2021-2022, 2022-2023, 2023-2024, and 2024-2025. The department must approve the tax credit prior to the taxpayer taking the credit on a return. The department must approve credits on a first-come, first-served basis.

(6) The department may adopt rules, including emergency rules pursuant to s. 120.54(4), governing the manner and form of applications for the tax credit and establishing qualification requirements for the tax credit. All conditions are deemed met for the adoption of emergency rules pursuant to s. 120.54(4).

(7) A qualified business may carry forward any unused portion of a tax credit under this section for up to 2 taxable years.

History.—s. 34, ch. 2021-31; s. 4, ch. 2023-81.

¹220.199 Residential graywater system tax credit.—

(1) For purposes of this section, the term:

(a) “Developer” has the same meaning as in s. 380.031(2).

(b) “Graywater” has the same meaning as in s. 381.0065(2)(g).

(2) For taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 2024, a developer or homebuilder is eligible to receive a credit against the tax imposed by this chapter in an amount up to 50 percent of the cost of each NSF/ANSI 350 Class R certified noncommercial, residential graywater system purchased during the taxable year. The tax credit may not exceed $4,200 for each system purchased. A developer or homebuilder may not receive total credits in excess of $2 million per taxable year.

(3)(a) To claim a credit under this section, a developer or homebuilder must submit an application to the Department of Environmental Protection which includes documentation showing that the developer or homebuilder has purchased for use in this state a graywater system meeting the requirements of subsection (2) and that the graywater system meets the functionality assurances provided in s. 403.892(3)(c). The Department of Environmental Protection shall make a determination on the eligibility of the applicant for the credit sought and shall certify the determination to the applicant and the Department of Revenue within 60 days after receipt of a completed application. The taxpayer must attach the certification from the Department of Environmental Protection to the tax return on which the credit is claimed.

(b) No credits may be certified by the Department of Environmental Protection for taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 2027.

(4) Any unused tax credit authorized under this section may be carried forward and claimed by the taxpayer for up to 2 taxable years.

(5) The department may adopt rules to administer this section, including, but not limited to, rules prescribing the method to claim a credit certified by the Department of Environmental Protection under this section.

(6) The Department of Environmental Protection may adopt rules to administer this section, including, but not limited to, rules relating to application forms for credit approval and certification and the application and certification procedures, guidelines, and requirements necessary to administer this section.

(7) This section is repealed December 31, 2030.

History.—s. 32, ch. 2023-157; s. 17, ch. 2024-2.

¹Note.—Section 49, ch. 2023-157, provides:

“(1) The Department of Revenue is authorized, and all conditions are deemed met, to adopt emergency rules pursuant to s. 120.54(4), Florida Statutes, to implement the amendments made by this act to ss. 212.031 and 212.08, Florida Statutes; the creation by this act of ss. 220.199 and 220.1991, Florida Statutes; and the creation by this act of the temporary tax exemptions for ENERGY STAR appliances, and gas ranges and cooktops. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, emergency rules adopted pursuant to this subsection are effective for 6 months after adoption and may be renewed during the pendency of procedures to adopt permanent rules addressing the subject of the emergency rules.

“(2) This section shall take effect upon this act becoming a law and expires July 1, 2026.”

¹220.1991 Credit for manufacturing of human breast milk derived human milk fortifiers.—

(1)(a) For taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 2023, there is allowed a credit of 50 percent of the cost of manufacturing equipment purchased for use in the production of human breast milk derived human milk fortifiers in this state. Such purchase must be made on or before the date the taxpayer is required to file a return pursuant to s. 220.222. The credit granted by this section must be reduced by the difference between the amount of federal corporate income tax, taking into account the credit granted by this section, and the amount of federal corporate income tax without application of the credit granted by this section.

(b) Qualifying manufacturing equipment must be equipment for use in the production of human breast milk derived human milk fortifiers:

1. That can be sold as a product using a pasteurization or sterilization process.

2. In compliance with all applicable United States Food and Drug Administration provisions.

(c) Tax credits under this section are available only for purchases of qualifying manufacturing equipment made during the state fiscal year for which the application is submitted, or during the 6 months preceding such state fiscal year.

(2)(a) The combined total amount of tax credits which may be granted to taxpayers under this section is $5 million in each of state fiscal years 2023-2024 and 2024-2025.

(b) The annual limitation under paragraph (a) applies for taxpayers whose taxable years begin on or after January 1 of the calendar year preceding the start of the applicable state fiscal year.

(3)(a) The department may adopt rules governing the manner and form of applications for the tax credit and establishing qualification requirements for the tax credit. The form must include an affidavit certifying that all information contained in the application is true and correct and must require documentation of all costs incurred for which a credit is being claimed.

(b) The department must approve the tax credit prior to the taxpayer taking the credit on a return. The department must approve credits on a first-come, first-served basis. If the department determines that an application is incomplete, the department shall notify the taxpayer in writing and the taxpayer shall have 30 days after receiving such notification to correct any deficiency. If corrected in a timely manner, the application shall be deemed completed as of the date the application was first submitted; however, no additional costs may be added to the application and the amount of credit requested on the application may not be increased during the correction period.

(4)(a) A taxpayer who files a Florida consolidated return as a member of an affiliated group pursuant to s. 220.131(1) may be allowed the credit on a consolidated return basis.

(b) A taxpayer may not convey, transfer, or assign an approved tax credit or a carryforward tax credit to another entity unless all of the assets of the taxpayer are conveyed, transferred, or assigned in the same transaction. However, a tax credit under this section may be conveyed, transferred, or assigned between members of an affiliated group of corporations. A taxpayer shall notify the department of its intent to convey, transfer, or assign a tax credit to another member within an affiliated group of corporations. The amount conveyed, transferred, or assigned is available to another member of the affiliated group of corporations upon approval by the department.

(c) Within 10 days after approving or denying the conveyance, transfer, or assignment of a tax credit under paragraph (b), the department shall provide a copy of its approval or denial letter to the corporation.

(5) If a taxpayer applies and is approved for a credit under this section after timely requesting an extension to file under s. 220.222(2), the:

(a) Credit does not reduce the amount of tax due for purposes of the department’s determination as to whether the taxpayer was in compliance with the requirement to pay tentative taxes under ss. 220.222 and 220.32.

(b) Taxpayer’s noncompliance with the requirement to pay tentative taxes shall result in the revocation and rescindment of any such credit.

(c) Taxpayer shall be assessed for any taxes, penalties, or interest due from the taxpayer’s noncompliance with the requirement to pay tentative taxes. For purposes of calculating the underpayment of estimated corporate income taxes under s. 220.34, the final amount due is the amount after credits earned under this section are deducted.

(6) For purposes of determining if a penalty or interest under s. 220.34(2)(d)1. will be imposed for underpayment of estimated corporate income tax, a taxpayer may, after earning a credit under this section, reduce any estimated payment in that taxable year by the amount of the credit.

(7) This section is repealed December 31, 2031.

History.—s. 33, ch. 2023-157.

¹Note.—Section 49, ch. 2023-157, provides:

“(1) The Department of Revenue is authorized, and all conditions are deemed met, to adopt emergency rules pursuant to s. 120.54(4), Florida Statutes, to implement the amendments made by this act to ss. 212.031 and 212.08, Florida Statutes; the creation by this act of ss. 220.199 and 220.1991, Florida Statutes; and the creation by this act of the temporary tax exemptions for ENERGY STAR appliances, and gas ranges and cooktops. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, emergency rules adopted pursuant to this subsection are effective for 6 months after adoption and may be renewed during the pendency of procedures to adopt permanent rules addressing the subject of the emergency rules.

“(2) This section shall take effect upon this act becoming a law and expires July 1, 2026.”

¹220.1992 Individuals with Unique Abilities Tax Credit Program.—

(1) For purposes of this section, the term:

(a) “Qualified employee” means an individual who has a disability, as that term is defined in s. 413.801, and has been employed for at least 6 months by a qualified taxpayer.

(b) “Qualified taxpayer” means a taxpayer who employs a qualified employee at a business located in this state.

(2) For a taxable year beginning on or after January 1, 2024, a qualified taxpayer is eligible for a credit against the tax imposed by this chapter in an amount up to $1,000 for each qualified employee such taxpayer employed during the taxable year. The tax credit shall equal one dollar for each hour the qualified employee worked during the taxable year, up to 1,000 hours.

(3)(a) The department may adopt rules governing the manner and form of applications for the tax credit and establishing requirements for the proper administration of the tax credit. The form must include an affidavit certifying that all information contained within the application is true and correct and must require the taxpayer to specify the number of qualified employees for whom a credit under this section is being claimed and the number of hours each qualified employee worked during the taxable year.

(b) The department must approve the tax credit prior to the taxpayer taking the credit on a return. The department must approve credits on a first-come, first-served basis. If the department determines that an application is incomplete, the department shall notify the taxpayer in writing and the taxpayer shall have 30 days after receiving such notification to correct any deficiency. If corrected in a timely manner, the application must be deemed completed as of the date the application was first submitted.

(d) A taxpayer may carry forward any unused portion of a tax credit under this section for up to 5 taxable years. The carryover may be used in a subsequent year when the tax imposed by this chapter for such year exceeds the credit for such year under this section after applying the other credits and unused credit carryovers in the order provided in s. 220.02(8).

(4) The combined total amount of tax credits which may be granted under this section is $5 million in each of state fiscal years 2024-2025, 2025-2026, and 2026-2027.

(5) The department may consult with the Department of Commerce and the Agency for Persons with Disabilities to determine if an individual is a qualified employee. The Department of Commerce and the Agency for Persons with Disabilities shall provide technical assistance, when requested by the department, on any such question.

History.—s. 41, ch. 2024-158.

¹Note.—Section 61, ch. 2024-158, provides:

“(2) This section shall take effect upon this act becoming a law and expires July 1, 2027.”

PART III

RETURNS; DECLARATIONS; RECORDS

220.21 Returns and records; regulations.

220.211 Penalties; incomplete return.

220.22 Returns; filing requirement.

220.221 Returns; signing and verification.

220.222 Returns; time and place for filing.

220.23 Federal returns.

220.24 Declaration of estimated tax.

220.241 Declaration; time for filing.

220.242 Declaration as return.

220.21 Returns and records; regulations.—

(1) Every taxpayer liable for the tax imposed by this code shall keep such records, render such statements, make such returns and notices, and comply with such rules and regulations, as the department may from time to time prescribe. The director may require any taxpayer or class of taxpayers, by notice or by regulation, to make such returns and notices, render such statements, and keep such records as the director deems necessary to determine whether such taxpayer or taxpayers are liable for tax under this code.

(2) A taxpayer who is required to file its federal income tax return by electronic means on a separate or consolidated basis shall file returns required by this chapter by electronic means. For the reasons described in s. 213.755(9), the department may waive the requirement to file a return by electronic means for taxpayers that are unable to comply despite good faith efforts or due to circumstances beyond the taxpayer’s reasonable control. The provisions of this subsection are in addition to the requirements of s. 213.755 to electronically file returns and remit payments required under this chapter. The department may prescribe by rule the format and instructions necessary for electronic filing to ensure a full collection of taxes due. In addition to the authority granted under s. 213.755, the acceptable method of transfer, the method, form, and content of the electronic data interchange, and the means, if any, by which the taxpayer will be provided with an acknowledgment may be prescribed by the department. In the case of any failure to comply with the electronic filing requirements of this subsection, a penalty shall be added to the amount of tax due with such return equal to 5 percent of the amount of such tax for the first 30 days the return is not filed electronically, with an additional 5 percent of such tax for each additional month or fraction thereof, not to exceed $250 in the aggregate. The department may settle or compromise the penalty pursuant to s. 213.21. This penalty is in addition to any other penalty that may be applicable and shall be assessed, collected, and paid in the same manner as taxes.

(3) In addition to its authority under s. 213.755, the department may adopt rules requiring or allowing taxpayers to use an electronic filing system to file returns required by subsection (2), including any electronic systems developed by the Internal Revenue Service. Rulemaking authority requiring electronic filing is limited to the federal corporate income tax filing threshold for electronic filing as it exists on January 1, 2007.

History.—s. 1, ch. 71-984; s. 30, ch. 99-208; s. 31, ch. 2007-106.

220.211 Penalties; incomplete return.—

(1) In the case where an incomplete return is made, notwithstanding that no tax is finally determined to be due for the taxable year, there shall be added to the amount of tax, penalty, and interest otherwise due a penalty in the amount of $300 or 10 percent of the tax finally determined to be due, whichever is greater; however, such penalty shall not exceed $10,000. The department may settle or compromise such penalties pursuant to s. 213.21.

(2) An “incomplete return” is, for the purposes of this code, a return which is lacking such uniformity, completeness, and arrangement that physical handling, verification, or review of the return may not be readily accomplished.

History.—s. 14, ch. 84-549; s. 28, ch. 92-320.

220.22 Returns; filing requirement.—

(1) A return with respect to the tax imposed by this code shall be made by every taxpayer for each taxable year in which such taxpayer either is liable for tax under this code or is required to make a federal income tax return, regardless of whether such taxpayer is liable for tax under this code.

(2) Every Florida partnership having any partner subject to tax under this code, shall make an information return setting forth:

(a) All items of income, gain, loss, and deduction;

(b) The names and addresses of all partners subject to tax hereunder who would be entitled to share in the net income of the partnership if distributed;

(d) Such other pertinent information as the department may by form or regulation prescribe.

(3) Whenever a receiver, trustee in bankruptcy, or assignee, by order of law or otherwise, has possession of or holds title to all or substantially all of the property or business of a taxpayer, whether or not such property or business is being operated, such receiver, trustee, or assignee shall make the returns and notices required of such taxpayer.

(4) The department shall designate by rule certain not-for-profit entities and others that are not required to file a return under this code, including an initial information return, unless the entities have taxable income as defined in s. 220.13(2). These entities shall include subchapter S corporations, tax-exempt entities, and others that do not usually owe federal income tax.

History.—s. 1, ch. 71-984; s. 3, ch. 98-100; s. 8, ch. 98-101; s. 43, ch. 2002-218.

220.221 Returns; signing and verification.—

(1) A return or notice required of a taxpayer shall be signed by an officer duly authorized so to act or, in the case of a return or notice made by a fiduciary under s. 220.22(3), by the fiduciary. The fact that an officer or fiduciary has signed a return or notice shall be prima facie evidence that the individual was authorized to sign such document on behalf of the taxpayer.

(2) A return or notice for a partnership shall be signed by any one of the general partners, and the fact that a partner has signed a return or notice shall be prima facie evidence that such partner was authorized to sign such document on behalf of the partnership.

(3) Each return or notice required to be filed under this code shall be verified by a declaration that it is made under the penalties of perjury, and if prepared by someone other than the taxpayer the return shall also contain a declaration by the preparer that it was prepared on the basis of all information of which the preparer had knowledge.

History.—s. 1, ch. 71-984; s. 31, ch. 99-208.

220.222 Returns; time and place for filing.—

(1)(a) Returns required by this code shall be filed with the office of the department in Leon County or at such other place as the department may by regulation prescribe. All returns required for a DISC (Domestic International Sales Corporation) under s. 6011(c)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code shall be filed on or before the 1st day of the 10th month after the close of the taxable year; all partnership information returns shall be filed on or before the 1st day of the 4th month after the close of the taxable year; and all other returns shall be filed on or before the 1st day of the 5th month after the close of the taxable year or the 15th day after the due date, without extension, for the filing of the related federal return for the taxable year, unless under subsection (2) one or more extensions of time, not to exceed 6 months in the aggregate, for any such filing is granted.

(b) Notwithstanding paragraph (a), for taxable years beginning before January 1, 2026, returns of taxpayers with a taxable year ending on June 30 shall be filed on or before the 1st day of the 4th month after the close of the taxable year or the 15th day after the due date, without extension, for the filing of the related federal return for the taxable year, unless under subsection (2) one or more extensions of time for any such filing is granted.

(2)(a) When a taxpayer has been granted an extension or extensions of time within which to file its federal income tax return for any taxable year, and if the requirements of s. 220.32 are met, the filing of a request for such extension or extensions with the department shall automatically extend the due date of the return required under this code until the expiration of 6 months from the original due date.

(b) The department may grant an extension or extensions of time for the filing of any return required under this code upon receiving a prior request therefor if good cause for an extension is shown. However, the aggregate extensions of time under paragraph (a) and this paragraph must not exceed 6 months. An extension granted under this paragraph is not valid unless the taxpayer complies with s. 220.32.

(c) When a taxpayer has been granted an extension or extensions of time within which to file its federal income tax return for any taxable year due to a federally declared disaster that included locations within this state, and if the requirements of s. 220.32 are met, the due date of the return required under this code is automatically extended to 15 calendar days after the due date for such taxpayer’s federal income tax return, including any extensions provided for such return for a federally declared disaster. Nothing in this paragraph affects the authority of the executive director to order an extension or waiver pursuant to s. 213.055(2).

¹(d)1. For purposes of this subsection, a taxpayer is not in compliance with s. 220.32 if the taxpayer underpays the required payment by more than the greater of $2,000 or 30 percent of the tax shown on the return when filed.

2. For the purpose of determining compliance with s. 220.32 as referenced in subparagraph 1., the tax shown on the return when filed must include the amount of the allowable credits taken on the return pursuant to s. 220.1875, s. 220.1876, s. 220.1877, or s. 220.1878.

(e) For taxable years beginning before January 1, 2026, the 6-month time period in paragraphs (a) and (b) shall be 7 months for taxpayers with a taxable year ending June 30.

History.—s. 1, ch. 71-984; s. 6, ch. 72-278; s. 3, ch. 74-324; s. 2, ch. 79-326; s. 17, ch. 87-99; s. 27, ch. 98-342; s. 32, ch. 99-208; s. 16, ch. 2016-220; s. 34, ch. 2017-36; s. 3, ch. 2017-67; s. 22, ch. 2023-17; s. 34, ch. 2023-157; s. 42, ch. 2024-158.

¹Note.—Section 43, ch. 2023-17, provides:

“(2) This section expires July 1, 2026.”

220.23 Federal returns.—

(1) Any taxpayer required to make a return for a taxable year under this code may, at any time that a deficiency could be assessed or a refund claimed under this code in respect of any item reported or properly reportable on such return or any amendment thereof, be required to furnish to the department a true and correct copy of any return which may pertain to such item and which was filed by such taxpayer under the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code.

(2) In the event the taxable income, any item of income or deduction, or the income tax liability reported in a federal income tax return of any taxpayer for any taxable year is adjusted by amendment of such return or as a result of any other recomputation or redetermination of federal taxable income or loss, if such adjustment would affect any item or items entering into the computation of such taxpayer’s net income subject to tax for any taxable year under this code, the following special rules shall apply:

(a) The taxpayer shall notify the department of such adjustment by filing either an amended return or such other report as the department may by regulation prescribe, which return or report:

1. Shall show the taxpayer’s name, address, and employer identification number; the adjustments; the taxpayer’s revised net income subject to tax and revised tax liability under this code; and such other information as the department may by regulation prescribe;

2. Shall be signed by a person required to sign the original return or by a duly authorized representative; and

3. Shall be filed not later than 60 days after such adjustment has been agreed to or finally determined for federal income tax purposes, or after any federal income tax deficiency or refund, abatement, or credit resulting therefrom has been assessed, paid, or collected, whichever shall first occur.

(b) If the amended return or other report filed with the department concedes the accuracy of a federal change or correction, any deficiency in tax under this code resulting therefrom shall be deemed assessed on the date of filing such amended return or report, and such assessment shall be timely, notwithstanding any other provision contained in part VIII of this chapter.

(c) In any case where notification of an adjustment is required under paragraph (a), then notwithstanding any other provision contained in s. 95.091(3):

1. A notice of deficiency may be issued at any time within 5 years after the date such notification is given; or

2. If a taxpayer either fails to notify the department or fails to report a change or correction which is treated in the same manner as if it were a deficiency for federal income tax purposes, a notice of deficiency may be issued at any time;

3. In either case, the amount of any proposed assessment set forth in such notice shall be limited to the amount of any deficiency resulting under this code from recomputation of the taxpayer’s income for the taxable year after giving effect only to the item or items reflected in the adjustment.

Interest in accordance with s. 220.807 is due on the amount of any deficiency from the date fixed for filing the original return for the taxable year, determined without regard to any extension of time for filing the original return, until the date of payment of the deficiency.

(d) In any case when notification of an adjustment is required by paragraph (a), a claim for refund may be filed within 2 years after the date on which such notification was due, regardless of whether such notice was given, notwithstanding any other provision contained in s. 220.727. However, the amount recoverable pursuant to such a claim shall be limited to the amount of any overpayment resulting under this code from recomputation of the taxpayer’s income for the taxable year after giving effect only to the item or items reflected in the adjustment required to be reported.

History.—s. 1, ch. 71-984; s. 57, ch. 87-6; s. 94, ch. 91-112; s. 44, ch. 2002-218.

220.24 Declaration of estimated tax.—

(1) Every taxpayer shall make a declaration of estimated tax for the taxable year, in such form as the department shall prescribe, if the amount payable as estimated tax can reasonably be expected to be more than $2,500. The term “estimated tax” shall mean the amount which the taxpayer estimates to be his or her tax under this code for the taxable year or, in the case of a taxable year of less than 12 months, an amount of tax determined in accordance with regulations prescribed by the department.

(2) A taxpayer may amend a declaration, under regulations prescribed by the department.

History.—s. 1, ch. 71-984; s. 1189, ch. 95-147.

¹220.241 Declaration; time for filing.—

(1) A declaration of estimated tax under this code shall be filed before the 1st day of the 6th month of each taxable year, except that if the minimum tax requirement of s. 220.24(1) is first met:

(a) After the 3rd month and before the 6th month of the taxable year, the declaration shall be filed before the 1st day of the 7th month;

(b) After the 5th month and before the 9th month of the taxable year, the declaration shall be filed before the 1st day of the 10th month; or

(c) After the 8th month and before the 12th month of the taxable year, the declaration shall be filed for the taxable year before the 1st day of the succeeding taxable year.

(2) Notwithstanding subsection (1), for taxable years beginning before January 1, 2026, taxpayers with a taxable year ending on June 30 shall file declarations before the 1st day of the 5th month of each taxable year, unless paragraph (1)(a), paragraph (1)(b), or paragraph (1)(c) applies.

History.—s. 1, ch. 71-984; s. 3, ch. 2008-206; s. 17, ch. 2016-220.

¹Note.—Section 5, ch. 2008-206, provides that “[t]he Department of Revenue may adopt rules necessary to administer the provisions of this act, including rules, forms, and guidelines for computing, claiming, and adding back bonus depreciation under s. 168(k) and deductions under s. 179 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.”

220.242 Declaration as return.—All the provisions of this part and of s. 213.053, relating to confidentiality, shall be applicable with respect to declarations of estimated tax unless manifestly inconsistent therewith, and such declarations shall be confidential and exempt from the provisions of s. 119.07(1). However, the declaration required of a preparer other than the taxpayer under s. 220.221(3) shall not be required with respect to declarations of estimated tax.

History.—s. 1, ch. 71-984; s. 3, ch. 80-222; s. 18, ch. 83-215; s. 35, ch. 88-119; s. 54, ch. 90-360; s. 72, ch. 96-406.

PART IV

PAYMENTS

220.31 Payments; due date.

220.32 Payments of tentative tax.

220.33 Payments of estimated tax.

220.34 Special rules relating to estimated tax.

220.31 Payments; due date.—

(1) Every taxpayer required to file a return under this code or a notification under s. 220.23(2) shall, without assessment, notice, or demand, pay any tax due thereon to the department at the place fixed for filing, including payment to such depository institutions throughout the state as the department may by regulation designate, on or before the date fixed for filing such return, determined without regard to any extension of time for filing the return, or notification, pursuant to regulations prescribed by the department.

(2) Except as to estimated tax payments under s. 220.33, the payment required under this section shall be the balance of tax remaining due after giving effect to the following:

(a) Any amount of tentative tax or estimated tax paid by a taxpayer for a taxable year pursuant to s. 220.32 or s. 220.33 shall be deemed to have been paid on account of the tax imposed by this code for such taxable year; and

(b) Any amount of a tax overpayment which is credited against the taxpayer’s liability for the taxable year under s. 220.721 shall be deemed to have been paid on account of the tax imposed by this code for such taxable year.

History.—s. 1, ch. 71-984; s. 95, ch. 91-112.

220.32 Payments of tentative tax.—

(1) In connection with any extension of the time for filing a return under s. 220.222(2), the taxpayer shall file a tentative tax return and pay, on or before the date prescribed by law for the filing of such return, determined without regard to any extensions of time for such filing, an amount estimated to be the balance of its proper tax for the taxable year after giving effect to any estimated tax payments under s. 220.33 and any tax credit under s. 220.721.

(2) The department shall by regulation prescribe the manner and form for filing tentative returns.

(3) Interest on any amount of tax due and unpaid during the period of any extension shall be payable as provided in s. 220.809. The taxpayer shall also be liable for a penalty in an amount determined at the rate of 12 percent per year upon the amount of any underpayment of the tax due.

History.—s. 1, ch. 71-984; s. 14, ch. 83-297; s. 96, ch. 91-112.

¹220.33 Payments of estimated tax.—A taxpayer required to file a declaration of estimated tax pursuant to s. 220.24 shall pay such estimated tax as follows:

(1) If the declaration is required to be filed before the 1st day of the 6th month of the taxable year, the estimated tax shall be paid in four equal installments. The first installment shall be paid at the time of the required filing of the declaration; the second and third installments shall be paid before the 1st day of the 7th month and before the 1st day of the 10th month of the taxable year, respectively; and the fourth installment shall be paid before the 1st day of the next taxable year.

(2) If the declaration is required to be filed before the 1st day of the 7th month of the taxable year, the estimated tax shall be paid in three equal installments. The first installment shall be paid at the time of required filing of the declaration; the second installment shall be paid before the 1st day of the 10th month of the taxable year; and the third installment shall be paid before the 1st day of the next taxable year.

(3) If the declaration is required to be filed before the 1st day of the 10th month of the taxable year, the estimated tax shall be paid in two equal installments: at the time of required filing of the declaration for such taxable year and before the 1st day of the next taxable year, respectively.

(4) If the declaration is required to be filed on or before the first day of the succeeding taxable year, the estimated tax shall be paid in full at the time of such required filing.

(5) If the declaration is filed after the time prescribed in s. 220.241 due to the grant of an extension of time for filing, subsections (1)-(4) of this section shall not apply, and there shall be paid at the time of such filing all installments of estimated tax which would have been payable on or before such time if the declaration had been filed within the time prescribed in s. 220.241 and without regard to the extension, and the remaining installments shall be paid at the time at which, and in the amounts in which, they would have been payable if the declaration had been so filed.

(6) If an amended declaration is filed, the remaining installments, if any, shall be ratably increased or decreased, as the case may be, to reflect the increase or decrease in the estimated tax occasioned by such amendment.

(7) Notwithstanding any administrative rule or determination of the department which allows estimated payments otherwise due on a Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday to be paid on the next succeeding day that is not a Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday, any estimated tax payment required under this section which would otherwise be due on the last Saturday or Sunday of June shall be paid on or before the last Friday of June.

(8) The application of this section to taxable years of less than 12 months shall be in accordance with regulations prescribed by the department.

History.—s. 1, ch. 71-984; s. 4, ch. 2008-206; s. 4, ch. 2012-145; s. 6, ch. 2015-3; s. 18, ch. 2016-220; s. 5, ch. 2017-67.

220.34 Special rules relating to estimated tax.—

(1) Any amount paid as estimated tax shall be deemed assessed upon the due date for the taxpayer’s return for the taxable year, determined without regard to any extensions of time for filing such return.

(2) No interest or penalty shall be due or paid with respect to a failure to pay estimated taxes except the following:

(a) Except as provided in paragraph (d), the taxpayer shall be liable for interest at the rate of 12 percent per year and for a penalty in an amount determined at the rate of 12 percent per year upon the amount of any underpayment of estimated tax determined under this subsection.

(b) For purposes of this subsection, the amount of any underpayment of estimated tax shall be the excess of:

1. The amount of the installment which would be required to be paid if the estimated tax were equal to 90 percent of the tax shown on the return for the taxable year or, if no return were filed, 90 percent of the tax for such year, over

2. The amount, if any, of the installment paid on or before the last date prescribed for payment.

(c) The period of the underpayment for which interest and penalties apply shall commence on the date the installment was required to be paid, determined without regard to any extensions of time, and shall terminate on the earlier of the following dates:

1. The 1st day of the 5th month after the close of the taxable year;

2. For taxable years beginning before January 1, 2026, for taxpayers with a taxable year ending June 30, the 1st day of the 4th month after the close of the taxable year; or

3. With respect to any portion of the underpayment, the date on which such portion is paid.

For purposes of this paragraph, a payment of estimated tax on any installment date shall be considered a payment of any previous underpayment only to the extent such payment exceeds the amount of the installment determined under subparagraph (b)1. for such installment date.

(d) No penalty or interest for underpayment of any installment of estimated tax may be imposed if the total amount of all such payments made on or before the last date prescribed for the payment of such installment equals or exceeds the amount which would have been required to be paid on or before such date if the estimated tax were the lesser amount of:

1. An amount equal to the tax computed at the rates applicable to the taxable year, but otherwise on the basis of the facts shown on the return for, and the law applicable to, the preceding taxable year; or

2. An amount equal to 90 percent of the tax finally due for the taxable year.

(e) For purposes of paragraphs (b) and (d), the term “tax” means the excess of the tax imposed by this code over all amounts properly credited against such tax for the taxable year.

(f) The application of this subsection to taxable years of less than 12 months shall be in accordance with regulations prescribed by the department.

(3) The department may provide by regulation for a credit against estimated taxes for any taxable year of any amount determined by the taxpayer or by the department to be an overpayment of the tax imposed by this code for a preceding taxable year.

History.—s. 1, ch. 71-984; s. 15, ch. 83-297; s. 16, ch. 86-152; s. 35, ch. 96-397; s. 19, ch. 2016-220.

PART V

ACCOUNTING

220.41 Taxable year.

220.42 Methods of accounting.

220.43 Reference to federal determinations.

220.44 Adjustments.

220.41 Taxable year.—

(1) For purposes of the tax imposed by this code and the returns required to be filed, the taxable year of a taxpayer shall be the same as the taxable year of such taxpayer for federal income tax purposes.

(2) If the taxable year of a taxpayer is changed for federal income tax purposes, the taxable year of such taxpayer for purposes of this code shall be similarly changed.

(3) Notwithstanding the provisions of subsections (1) and (2), if the department terminates the taxable year of a taxpayer under the provisions of s. 220.719 relating to jeopardy assessments, the tax shall be computed for the period determined by such action.

History.—s. 1, ch. 71-984; s. 97, ch. 91-112.

220.42 Methods of accounting.—

(1) For purposes of this code, a taxpayer’s method of accounting shall be the same as such taxpayer’s method of accounting for federal income tax purposes, except as provided in subsection (3). If no method of accounting has been regularly used by a taxpayer, net income for purposes of this code shall be computed by such method as in the opinion of the department fairly reflects income.

(2) If a taxpayer’s method of accounting is changed for federal income tax purposes, the taxpayer’s method of accounting for purposes of this code shall be similarly changed.

(3) Any taxpayer which has elected for federal income tax purposes to report any portion of its income on the completed contract method of accounting under Treasury Regulation 1.451-3(b)(2) may elect to return the income so reported on the percentage of completion method of accounting under Treasury Regulation 1.451-3(b)(1), provided the taxpayer regularly maintains its books of account and reports to its shareholders on the percentage of completion method. The election provided by this subsection shall be allowed only if it is made, in such manner as the department may prescribe, not later than the due date, including any extensions thereof, for filing a return for the taxpayer’s first taxable year under this code in which a portion of its income is returned on the completed contract method of accounting for federal tax purposes. An election made pursuant to this subsection shall apply to all subsequent taxable years of the taxpayers unless the department consents in writing to its revocation.

History.—s. 1, ch. 71-984; s. 9, ch. 72-278.

220.43 Reference to federal determinations.—

(1) To the extent not inconsistent with the provisions of this code or forms or regulations prescribed by the department, each taxpayer making a return under this code shall take into account the items of income, deduction, and exclusion on such return in the same manner and amounts as reflected in such taxpayer’s federal income tax return for the same taxable year.

(2) A final determination under the Internal Revenue Code adjusting any item or items of income, deduction, or exclusion for any taxable year shall be prima facie correct for purposes of this code to the extent such item or items enter into the determination of net income under this code.

(3) If there has been implementing legislation under s. 220.03(3), and to the extent required in regulations prescribed by the department, any taxpayer making a return under this code may be required to indicate the item or items of income, deduction, and exclusion which would enter into the determination of income if this code were amended to incorporate the Internal Revenue Code as amended and in effect for such taxable year.

History.—s. 1, ch. 71-984.

220.44 Adjustments.—If it appears to the director that any agreement, understanding, or arrangement exists between any taxpayers, or between any taxpayer and any other person, which causes any taxpayer’s net income subject to tax to be reflected improperly or inaccurately, the director may adjust any item or items of income, deduction, or exclusion, or any factor taken into account in apportioning income to this state, to the extent necessary clearly to reflect the net income of such taxpayer.

History.—s. 1, ch. 71-984.

PART VI

MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

220.51 Promulgation of rules and regulations.

220.52 Arrangement and captions.

220.54 Administration of law.

220.51 Promulgation of rules and regulations.—In accordance with the Administrative Procedure Act, chapter 120, the department is authorized to make, promulgate, and enforce such reasonable rules and regulations, and to prescribe such forms relating to the administration and enforcement of the provisions of this code, as it may deem appropriate, including:

(1) Rules for initial implementation of this code and for taxpayers’ transitional taxable years commencing before and ending after January 1, 1972;

(2) Rules or regulations to clarify whether certain groups, organizations, or associations formed under the laws of this state or any other state, country, or jurisdiction shall be deemed “taxpayers” for the purposes of this code, in accordance with the legislative declarations of intent in s. 220.02; and

(3) Regulations relating to consolidated reporting for affiliated groups of corporations, in order to provide for an equitable and just administration of this code with respect to multicorporate taxpayers.

History.—s. 1, ch. 71-984.

220.52 Arrangement and captions.—No inference, implication, or presumption of legislative construction shall be drawn or made by reason of the location or grouping of any particular sections or provisions of this code, nor shall any caption be given any legal effect.

History.—s. 1, ch. 71-984.

220.54 Administration of law.—The cost of preparing and distributing printed documents, reports, forms, and paraphernalia for the collection of the tax imposed by this code and the inspection and enforcement duties required in connection therewith shall be borne by this state through a general revenue appropriation to the department.

History.—s. 2, ch. 74-324.

PART VII

SPECIAL RULES RELATING TO
TAXATION OF BANKS AND
SAVINGS ASSOCIATIONS

220.62 Definitions.

220.63 Franchise tax imposed on banks and savings associations.

220.64 Other provisions applicable to franchise tax.

220.65 Discharge of tax liability.

220.62 Definitions.—For purposes of this part:

(1) The term “bank” means a bank holding company registered under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956 of the United States, 12 U.S.C. ss. 1841-1849, as amended, or a bank or trust company incorporated and doing business under the laws of the United States (including laws relating to the District of Columbia), of any state, or of any territory, a substantial part of the business of which consists of receiving deposits and making loans and discounts or of exercising fiduciary powers similar to those permitted to national banks under authority of the Comptroller of the Currency and which is subject by law to supervision and examination by state, territorial, or federal authority having supervision over banking institutions. The term “bank” also includes any banking association, corporation, or other similar organization organized and operated under the laws of any foreign country, which banking association, corporation, or other organization is also operating in this state pursuant to chapter 663.

(2) The term “savings association” means a savings association holding company registered under the Homeowners’ Loan Act (HOLA) of 1933, 12 U.S.C. s. 1467a, as amended, or any savings association, building and loan association, savings and loan association, or mutual savings bank not having capital stock, whether subject to the laws of this or any other jurisdiction.

(3) The term “international banking facility” means a set of asset and liability accounts segregated on the books and records of a banking organization that includes only international banking facility deposits, borrowings, and extensions of credit, as those terms are defined by the Financial Services Commission, taking into account all transactions in which international banking facilities are permitted to engage by regulations of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, as from time to time amended. When providing such definitions, the Financial Services Commission shall also consider the public interest, including the need to maintain a sound and competitive banking system, as well as the purpose of this act, which is to create an environment conducive to the conduct of an international banking business in the state.

(4) The term “banking organization” means:

(a) A bank organized and existing under the laws of any state;

(b) A national bank organized and existing as a national banking association pursuant to the provisions of the National Bank Act, 12 U.S.C. ss. 21 et seq.;

(c) An Edge Act corporation organized pursuant to the provisions of s. 25(a) of the Federal Reserve Act, 12 U.S.C. ss. 611 et seq.;

(d) An international bank agency licensed pursuant to the laws of any state;

(e) A federal agency licensed pursuant to ss. 4 and 5 of the International Banking Act of 1978;

(f) A savings association organized and existing under the laws of any state; or

(g) A federal association organized and existing pursuant to the provisions of the Home Owners’ Loan Act of 1933, 12 U.S.C. ss. 1461 et seq.

(5) The term “foreign person” means:

(a) An individual who is not a resident of the United States;

(b) A foreign corporation, foreign partnership, or foreign trust, as defined in s. 7701 of the Internal Revenue Code, other than a domestic branch thereof;

(d) A foreign government or an international organization, or an agency of either; or

(e) An international banking facility.

For purposes of this subsection, the terms “foreign” and “domestic” have the same meaning as set forth in s. 7701 of the Internal Revenue Code.

History.—s. 8, ch. 72-278; s. 1, ch. 73-152; s. 6, ch. 78-299; s. 149, ch. 80-260; s. 5, ch. 81-179; s. 18, ch. 88-119; s. 23, ch. 2000-355; s. 259, ch. 2003-261; s. 4, ch. 2011-97.

220.63 Franchise tax imposed on banks and savings associations.—

(1) A franchise tax measured by net income is hereby imposed on every bank and savings association for each taxable year commencing on or after January 1, 1973.

(2)(a) The tax imposed by this section shall be an amount equal to 51/2 percent of the franchise tax base of the bank or savings association for the taxable year, except as provided in paragraph (b).

(b) The tax rate imposed in paragraph (a) shall be adjusted as provided in s. 220.1105.

(3) For purposes of this part, the franchise tax base shall be adjusted federal income, as defined in s. 220.13, apportioned to this state, plus nonbusiness income allocated to this state pursuant to s. 220.16, less the deduction allowed in subsection (5) and less $50,000.

(4) Nothing contained in this part shall be construed to prohibit a savings association, in computing its franchise tax base, from claiming the maximum deduction allowed under s. 593 of the Internal Revenue Code.

(5) There shall be allowed as a deduction from adjusted federal income, to the extent not deductible in determining federal taxable income or subtracted pursuant to s. 220.13(1)(b)2., the eligible net income of an international banking facility determined as follows:

(a) The “eligible net income of an international banking facility” is the amount remaining after subtracting from the eligible gross income the applicable expenses.

(b) The “eligible gross income” is the gross income derived by an international banking facility from:

1. Making, arranging for, placing, or servicing loans to foreign persons, provided, however, that in the case of a foreign person which is an individual, a foreign branch of a domestic corporation (other than a bank or savings association), or a foreign corporation or a foreign partnership which is 80 percent or more owned or controlled, either directly or indirectly, by one or more domestic corporations (other than banks or savings associations), domestic partnerships, or resident individuals, substantially all the proceeds of the loan are for use outside the United States;

2. Making or placing deposits with foreign persons which are banks or savings associations or foreign branches of banks or savings associations, including foreign subsidiaries or foreign branches of the taxpayer, or with other international banking facilities; or

3. Entering into foreign exchange trading or hedging transactions in connection with the activities described in this paragraph.

However, the term “eligible gross income” does not include any amount derived by an international banking facility from making, arranging for, placing, or servicing loans or making or placing deposits if the loans or deposits of funds are secured by mortgages, deeds of trust, or other liens upon real property located in this state.

(c) The “applicable expenses” are any expenses or other deductions attributable, directly or indirectly, to the eligible gross income described in paragraph (b).

History.—s. 8, ch. 72-278; s. 2, ch. 73-152; s. 6, ch. 81-179; s. 9, ch. 83-349; ss. 8, 12, 22, ch. 84-549; s. 102, ch. 91-112; s. 6, ch. 2011-229; s. 11, ch. 2012-32; s. 24, ch. 2016-10; s. 6, ch. 2018-119.

220.64 Other provisions applicable to franchise tax.—To the extent that they are not manifestly incompatible with the provisions of this part, parts I, III, IV, V, VI, VIII, IX, and X of this code and ss. 220.12, 220.13, 220.15, and 220.16 apply to the franchise tax imposed by this part. Under rules prescribed in s. 220.131, a consolidated return may be filed by any affiliated group of corporations composed of one or more banks or savings associations, its or their Florida parent corporation, and any nonbank or nonsavings subsidiaries of such parent corporation.

History.—s. 8, ch. 72-278; s. 3, ch. 73-152; s. 10, ch. 83-349; s. 2, ch. 84-549; s. 99, ch. 91-112.

220.65 Discharge of tax liability.—The tax imposed by this part shall be in lieu of, and no bank or savings association shall be subject to, the tax imposed under part II.

History.—s. 8, ch. 72-278; s. 4, ch. 73-152.

PART VIII

ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES
AND JUDICIAL REVIEW

220.701 Collection authority.

220.703 Assessment.

220.705 Limitation on assessment.

220.707 Notice and demand.

220.709 Deficiency determinations.

220.711 Notice of deficiency.

220.713 Assessment after notice.

220.715 Waiver of restrictions on assessment.

220.717 Protest of proposed assessment.

220.719 Jeopardy assessments.

220.721 Overpayments; credits.

220.723 Overpayments; interest.

220.725 Overpayments; refunds.

220.727 Limitations on claims for refund.

220.731 Investigations.

220.733 Actions to recover taxes.

220.735 Production of witnesses and records.

220.737 Amounts less than $1.

220.739 Procedure for notices.

220.701 Collection authority.—The department shall collect the taxes imposed by this chapter and shall pay all moneys received by it into the General Revenue Fund of the state.

History.—s. 19, ch. 71-359; s. 43, ch. 91-112.

Note.—Former s. 214.02.

220.703 Assessment.—

(1) The amount of tax which is shown to be due on any return shall be deemed assessed on the date of filing the return, including any amended returns showing an increase of tax. In the event the amount of tax is understated on the taxpayer’s return due to a mathematical error, the department shall notify the taxpayer that the amount of tax in excess of that shown on the return is due and has been assessed. Such notice of additional tax due shall not be considered a notice of deficiency, nor shall the taxpayer have any right of protest. In the case of a return properly filed without a computation of the tax due, the tax computed by the department on the basis of the return shall be deemed assessed on the date the return is filed.

(2) Whenever a notice of deficiency has been issued, the amount of the deficiency shall be deemed assessed on the date provided in s. 220.713 if no protest is filed or, if a protest is filed, on the date when the decision of the department with respect to the protest becomes final.

(3) Any amount paid as tax or in respect to tax under this chapter shall be deemed assessed upon the date of receipt of payment.

History.—s. 19, ch. 71-359; s. 53, ch. 91-45; s. 44, ch. 91-112.

Note.—Former s. 214.03.

220.705 Limitation on assessment.—No deficiency shall be assessed with respect to a taxable year for which a return was filed unless a notice of deficiency for such year was issued not later than the date prescribed in s. 95.091(3).

History.—s. 19, ch. 71-359; s. 60, ch. 87-6; s. 45, ch. 91-112.

Note.—Former s. 214.04.

220.707 Notice and demand.—

(1) As soon as practicable after an amount payable under this chapter is deemed assessed under s. 220.703 or any other provision of this chapter, the department shall give notice of the amount unpaid to each taxpayer liable for any unpaid portion of such assessment and shall demand payment thereof. The amount stated in such notice shall be payable upon receipt of such notice, at the place and time stated in such notice.

(2) No notice and demand need be issued when a deficiency has been determined by a proceeding in court for review of an assessment.

History.—s. 19, ch. 71-359; s. 46, ch. 91-112.

Note.—Former s. 214.05.

220.709 Deficiency determinations.—

(1) As soon as practicable after a return is filed, the department shall examine it to determine the correct amount of tax. If the department finds that the amount of tax shown on the return is less than the correct amount and the difference is not solely the result of mathematical error, it shall issue a notice of deficiency to the taxpayer, setting forth the amount of additional tax and any penalties proposed to be assessed. The findings of the department under this subsection shall be prima facie correct and shall be prima facie evidence of the correctness of the amount of tax and penalties due.

(2) If a taxpayer fails to file a tax return, the department shall determine the amount of tax due according to its best judgment and information, and it shall issue a notice of deficiency to the taxpayer, setting forth the amount of tax and any penalties proposed to be assessed. The amount so determined by the department shall be prima facie correct and shall be prima facie evidence of the correctness of the amount of tax due.

(3) An erroneous refund shall be considered deficiency of tax on the date made, and shall be deemed assessed and shall be collected as provided in ss. 220.703 and 220.707.

History.—s. 19, ch. 71-359; s. 47, ch. 91-112.

Note.—Former s. 214.06.

220.711 Notice of deficiency.—A notice of deficiency issued under this chapter shall set forth, in addition to the amount of tax and any penalties, a computation of the adjustments giving rise to the proposed assessment and the reason or reasons therefor.

History.—s. 19, ch. 71-359; s. 48, ch. 91-112.

Note.—Former s. 214.07.

220.713 Assessment after notice.—Upon the expiration of 60 days after the date on which it was issued (150 days, if the taxpayer is outside the United States), a notice of deficiency shall constitute an assessment of the amount of tax and penalties specified therein, except for amounts as to which the taxpayer shall have filed a protest with the department under s. 220.717.

History.—s. 19, ch. 71-359; s. 49, ch. 91-112.

Note.—Former s. 214.08.

220.715 Waiver of restrictions on assessment.—At any time, whether or not a notice of deficiency has been issued, a taxpayer shall have the right to waive the restrictions on assessment and collection of the whole or any part of any proposed assessment of tax by a signed notice in writing filed with the department in such form as the department may by regulation prescribe.

History.—s. 19, ch. 71-359; s. 50, ch. 91-112.

Note.—Former s. 214.10.

220.717 Protest of proposed assessment.—

(1) Within 60 days (150 days if the taxpayer is outside the United States) after the issuance of a notice of deficiency, the taxpayer may file with the department a written protest against the proposed assessment in such form as the department may by regulation prescribe, setting forth the portion or portions of the proposed deficiency protested and the grounds on which such protest is based.

(2) Whenever a protest is filed, the department shall reconsider the proposed assessment.

History.—s. 19, ch. 71-359; s. 54, ch. 78-95; s. 50, ch. 91-112.

Note.—Former s. 214.11.

220.719 Jeopardy assessments.—

(1) If the department finds that a taxpayer is about to depart from the state, to conceal its property, or to do any other act tending to prejudice or render wholly or partly ineffectual the normal procedures for collection of any amount of tax, penalty, or interest under this chapter, or if the department otherwise finds that the collection of such amount will be jeopardized by delay, the department shall issue to the taxpayer a notice of such findings and shall make demand for the immediate payment of such amount, whereupon such amount shall be deemed assessed and shall become immediately due and payable.

(2) If there is jeopardy to the revenue and jeopardy is asserted in or with an assessment, the department shall proceed in the manner specified for jeopardy assessment in s. 213.732. A jeopardy assessment lien shall have the same scope and effect as other liens prescribed by this chapter.

(3) If the notice and demand relate to the taxpayer’s current taxable period or year, the department shall declare the taxable period or year of the taxpayer immediately terminated, and the notice and demand shall relate to the period or year declared terminated and shall include therein income, deductions, and values accrued or accumulated up to the date of termination if not otherwise properly includable in respect of such taxable year or period.

History.—s. 19, ch. 71-359; s. 54, ch. 78-95; s. 51, ch. 91-112; s. 15, ch. 92-315.

Note.—Former s. 214.12.

220.721 Overpayments; credits.—

(1) If, after a return has been filed, the department finds that the tax paid with the return is more than the correct amount, it shall credit or refund the overpayment as is appropriate.

(2) In the case of any overpayment, the department may within the applicable period of limitations credit the amount of such overpayment, including any interest allowed thereon, against any part of the liability in respect of the tax giving rise to the overpayment of the taxpayer who made the overpayment, refunding any balance to such taxpayer.

History.—s. 19, ch. 71-359; s. 52, ch. 91-112.

Note.—Former s. 214.13.

220.723 Overpayments; interest.—

(1) Interest shall be allowed and paid in accordance with the provisions of s. 220.807 upon any overpayment of a tax imposed by this chapter. However, if any overpayment is refunded or credited within 3 months after the date upon which the taxpayer files written notice advising the department of such overpayment, no interest shall be allowed on such overpayment.

(2) Interest shall accrue from the date upon which the taxpayer files a written notice advising the department of the overpayment. Interest shall be paid until such date as determined by the department, which shall be no more than 7 days prior to the date of the issuance by the Chief Financial Officer of the refund warrant.

(3) For purposes of this section, no amount of tax for any taxable year shall be treated as having been paid before the date on which the tax return for such year was due under applicable law or the date the payment was actually made, whichever is later.

History.—s. 19, ch. 71-359; s. 1, ch. 86-121; s. 13, ch. 87-102; s. 53, ch. 91-112; s. 260, ch. 2003-261.

Note.—Former s. 214.14.

220.725 Overpayments; refunds.—

(1) Every claim for refund shall be filed with the department in writing, in such form as the department may by regulation prescribe, and shall state the amount claimed, the specific grounds upon which the claim is founded, and the taxable years or periods involved.

(2) As soon as practicable after a claim for refund is filed, the department shall examine the claim and either issue a notice of refund, abatement, or credit to the claimant or issue a notice of denial.

History.—s. 19, ch. 71-359; s. 54, ch. 78-95; s. 54, ch. 91-112.

Note.—Former s. 214.15.

220.727 Limitations on claims for refund.—

(1) Except as otherwise provided in this section:

(a) A claim for refund must be filed within the period specified in s. 215.26(2); and

(b) For purposes of this subsection, payments of estimated tax shall be deemed paid at the time such return is required to be filed under this code, determined with regard to any extensions of time allowed to the taxpayer under s. 213.055(2) or s. 220.222 for filing such return and not at such earlier time as such payments of estimated tax were actually made. This paragraph shall apply retroactively to tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2001.

(2) For returns that were filed or taxes paid on or before September 30, 1994:

(a)1. A claim for refund shall be filed not later than 3 years after the date the return was filed or 1 year after the date the tax was paid, whichever is the later; and

2. No credit or refund shall be allowed or made with respect to the taxable year for which a claim was filed unless such claim is filed within such period.

(b) The amount of any credit or refund resulting from a claim for refund shall be limited as follows:

1. If the claim was filed during the 3-year period prescribed in this subsection, the amount of the credit or refund shall not exceed the portion of tax paid within the period, equal to 3 years plus the period of any extension of time for filing the return, immediately preceding the filing of the claim.

2. If the claim was not filed within such 3-year period, the amount of the credit or refund shall not exceed the portion of the tax paid during the year immediately preceding the filing of the claim.

(c) For purposes of this subsection, a tax return filed on or before the last day prescribed by law for the filing of such return, determined without regard to any extensions thereof, shall be deemed to have been filed on such last day.

History.—s. 19, ch. 71-359; s. 50, ch. 85-342; s. 54, ch. 91-112; s. 11, ch. 94-314; s. 51, ch. 94-353; s. 1, ch. 2005-178.

Note.—Former s. 214.16.

220.731 Investigations.—For the purpose of administering and enforcing the provisions of this chapter, the department or any officer, agent, or employee of the department designated by the executive director in writing or by regulation may:

(1) Hold investigations concerning any matters;

(2) Require the attendance of any individual, or any officer or employee of a taxpayer, having knowledge of such matters; and

(3) Take testimony and require proof for its information.

In the conduct of any investigation, neither the department nor any officer, agent, or employee thereof shall be bound by the technical rules of evidence, and the informality in any proceeding or in the manner of taking testimony shall not invalidate any order, decision, rule, or regulation made or approved or confirmed by the department. Any officer or employee of the department authorized by the executive director or regulation shall have power to administer oaths. The books, papers, records, and memoranda of the department, or parts thereof, may be proved in any investigation or legal proceeding by a reproduced copy thereof, under the certificate of the executive director, and any such reproduced copy shall, without further proof, be admitted into evidence before the department or in any legal proceeding.

History.—s. 19, ch. 71-359; s. 54, ch. 78-95; s. 56, ch. 91-112.

Note.—Former s. 214.18.

220.733 Actions to recover taxes.—At any time that the department might commence proceedings for a levy under this chapter, it may bring an action in any court of competent jurisdiction within or without the state, in the name of the state, to recover the amount of taxes, penalties, and interest due and unpaid under this chapter. In any such action, a certificate of the department showing the amount of the delinquency shall be prima facie evidence of the correctness of such amount, the validity of its assessment, and its compliance with all the provisions of this chapter.

History.—s. 19, ch. 71-359; s. 57, ch. 91-112.

Note.—Former s. 214.19.

220.735 Production of witnesses and records.—

(1) The department, or any officer or employee of the department designated by the executive director in writing or by regulation, shall at its, her, or his own instance, or on the written request of any other party to the proceeding, issue subpoenas requiring the attendance of, and the giving of testimony by, witnesses and issue subpoenas duces tecum requiring the production of books, papers, records, or memoranda. All subpoenas and subpoenas duces tecum issued under this chapter may be served by any person of full age.

(2) Witnesses other than employees of the state shall be entitled to receive for attendance and travel the same fees as witnesses before the circuit courts of this state, such fees to be paid when the witness is excused from further attendance. When the witness is subpoenaed for the department or any officer or employee thereof, such fees shall be paid in the same manner as other expenses of the department. When the witness is subpoenaed for any other party, the cost of subpoena service and the witness fee shall be borne by the party at whose instance the witness is summoned, and the department may, in its discretion, require a deposit or advance payment to cover the cost of such service and witness fee. Subpoenas issued hereunder shall be served in the same manner as subpoenas issued from the circuit courts.

(3) Any circuit court of the state, or any judge thereof, upon application of the department or any officer or employee thereof or upon the application of any other party to the proceeding may, in its, her, or his discretion, compel the attendance of witnesses, the production of books, papers, records, or memoranda, and the giving of testimony before the department or any officer or employee thereof conducting an investigation authorized by this chapter in the same manner as the production of evidence may be compelled before said court.

History.—s. 19, ch. 71-359; s. 54, ch. 78-95; s. 58, ch. 91-112; s. 1190, ch. 95-147.

Note.—Former s. 214.20.

220.737 Amounts less than $1.—

(1) The department may by regulation provide that if a total amount of less than $1 is payable, refundable, or creditable, such amount either may be disregarded or shall be disregarded if it is less than 50 cents and increased to $1 if it is 50 cents or more.

(2) The department may by regulation provide that any amount which is required to be shown or reported on any return or other document required under this chapter shall, if such amount is not a whole dollar, be increased to the nearest whole dollar when the fractional part of a dollar is 50 cents or more and decreased to the nearest whole dollar when the fractional part of a dollar is less than 50 cents.

History.—s. 19, ch. 71-359; s. 59, ch. 91-112.

Note.—Former s. 214.22.

220.739 Procedure for notices.—Whenever notice is required by this chapter, such notice shall, if not otherwise provided, be given to the taxpayer by personal delivery by an agent of the department or issued by mailing it by registered or certified mail to the taxpayer concerned at his or her last known address as shown on the most recently filed return under applicable law or, if no return has previously been filed, at the address shown on the corporation report last filed under s. 607.1622. Alternatively, notice may be issued by registered or certified mail to the taxpayer at any other address which the taxpayer has designated in writing as his or her current mailing address.

History.—s. 19, ch. 71-359; s. 54, ch. 78-95; s. 2, ch. 79-9; s. 24, ch. 86-152; s. 130, ch. 90-179; s. 60, ch. 91-112; s. 1191, ch. 95-147.

Note.—Former s. 214.23.

PART IX

PENALTIES, INTEREST,
AND ENFORCEMENT

220.801 Penalties; failure to timely file returns.

220.803 Penalties; failure to pay tax.

220.805 Assessment of penalties.

220.807 Determination of rate of interest.

220.809 Interest on deficiencies.

220.813 Liens; attachment and notice.

220.815 Liens; priority and filing.

220.819 Liens; release.

220.821 Liens; certificates of release.

220.823 Liens; costs.

220.825 Liens; foreclosure.

220.827 Collection procedures.

220.829 Liability of transferees.

220.801 Penalties; failure to timely file returns.—

(1) In case of failure to file any tax return required under this chapter on the date prescribed therefor, including any extensions thereof, there shall be added as a penalty to the amount of tax due with such return 10 percent of the amount of such tax, if the failure is not for more than 1 month, plus an additional 10 percent for each additional month or fraction thereof during which such failure continues, not exceeding 50 percent in the aggregate. The department may settle or compromise such penalties pursuant to s. 213.21. For purposes of this section, the amount of tax due with any return shall be reduced by any part of the tax which is paid on or before the date prescribed for payment of the tax and by the amount of any credit against the tax which was properly allowable on the date the return was required to be filed.

(2) In case of failure to file any tax return required by this chapter, notwithstanding that no tax is shown to be due thereon, a penalty in the amount of $50 for each month or portion thereof, not to exceed $300 in the aggregate, shall be assessed and paid for each such failure to file. This subsection shall only apply to corporations when they also are required to file a federal income tax return.

(3) If any penalty is assessed under subsection (1) for failure to file a return by the prescribed date, no penalty under subsection (2) for failure to file a return with no tax shown to be due shall be assessed with respect to the same return.

(4) The provisions of this section shall specifically apply to the notice of federal change required under s. 220.23.

History.—s. 19, ch. 71-359; s. 4, ch. 74-324; s. 15, ch. 81-178; s. 8, ch. 86-121; s. 94, ch. 87-6; s. 61, ch. 87-101; s. 62, ch. 91-112; s. 29, ch. 92-320; s. 18, ch. 2011-76.

Note.—Former s. 214.40.

220.803 Penalties; failure to pay tax.—

(1) If any part of a deficiency is due to negligence or intentional disregard of rules and regulations prescribed by or under this chapter, but without intent to defraud, there shall be added to the tax as a penalty an amount equal to 10 percent of the deficiency.

(2) If any part of a deficiency is due to fraud, there shall be added to the tax as a penalty, in lieu of the penalty under subsection (1), an amount equal to 100 percent of the deficiency.

(3) For purposes of this section, the amount shown as tax by the taxpayer upon a return shall be taken into account in determining the amount of the deficiency only if such return was filed on or before the last day prescribed by law for the filing of such return, including any extensions of the time for such filing.

History.—s. 19, ch. 71-359; s. 63, ch. 91-112; s. 30, ch. 92-320.

Note.—Former s. 214.41.

220.805 Assessment of penalties.—The penalties provided by this part shall be paid upon notice and demand and shall be assessed, collected, and paid in the same manner as taxes. Any reference in this chapter to the tax imposed by this chapter shall be deemed a reference to penalties provided by this part.

History.—s. 19, ch. 71-359; s. 64, ch. 91-112.

Note.—Former s. 214.42.

220.807 Determination of rate of interest.—

(1) The annual rate of interest applicable to this chapter shall be the adjusted rate established by the executive director of the Department of Revenue under subsection (2), except that the annual rate of interest shall never be greater than 12 percent.

(2) If the adjusted prime rate charged by banks, rounded to the nearest full percent, plus 4 percentage points, during either:

(a) The 6-month period ending on September 30 of any calendar year; or

(b) The 6-month period ending on March 31 of any calendar year,

differs from the interest rate in effect on either such date, the executive director of the Department of Revenue shall, within 20 days, establish an adjusted rate of interest equal to such adjusted prime rate plus 4 percentage points.

(3) An adjusted rate of interest established under this section shall become effective:

(a) On January 1 of the succeeding year, if based upon the adjusted prime rate plus 4 percentage points for the 6-month period ending on September 30; or

(b) On July 1 of the same calendar year, if based upon the adjusted prime rate plus 4 percentage points for the 6-month period ending on March 31.

(4) For the purposes of this section, “adjusted prime rate charged by banks” means the average predominant prime rate quoted by commercial banks to large business, as determined by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

(5) Once established, an adjusted rate of interest shall remain in effect until an adjustment is made under subsection (2).

History.—s. 2, ch. 86-121; s. 65, ch. 91-112; s. 4, ch. 2003-395.

Note.—Former s. 214.425.

220.809 Interest on deficiencies.—

(1) Except as provided in s. 220.23(2)(c), if any amount of tax imposed by this chapter is not paid on or before the date, determined without regard to any extensions, prescribed for payment of such tax, interest shall be paid in accordance with the provisions of s. 220.807 on the unpaid amount from such date to the date of payment.

(2) Interest prescribed by this section on any tax or penalty shall be deemed assessed upon the assessment of the tax or penalty to which such interest relates, and shall be collected and paid in the same manner as taxes. Any reference in this chapter to the tax imposed by this chapter shall be deemed a reference to interest imposed by this section.

(3) No interest shall be imposed upon the interest provided by this section.

(4) Interest shall be paid in respect to any penalty which is not paid within 20 days of the notice and demand therefor, but only for the period from the date of the notice and demand to the date of payment.

(5) If notice and demand is made for the payment of any amount due under this chapter, and if such amount is paid within 30 days after the date of such notice and demand, interest under this section on the amount so paid shall not be imposed for the period after the date of such notice and demand.

(6) Any tax, interest, or penalty imposed by this chapter which has been erroneously refunded and which is recoverable by the department shall bear interest computed as provided in s. 220.807 from the date of payment of such refund.

(7) The department may settle or compromise interest imposed herein pursuant to s. 213.21.

History.—s. 19, ch. 71-359; s. 11, ch. 76-261; s. 16, ch. 81-178; s. 3, ch. 86-121; s. 66, ch. 91-112; s. 45, ch. 2002-218.

Note.—Former s. 214.43.

220.813 Liens; attachment and notice.—

(1) The state shall have a lien for all or any portion of the tax or any penalty, or for any amount of interest which may be due, upon all the real and personal property of any taxpayer assessed with a tax under this chapter.

(2) If the lien arises from an assessment pursuant to a notice of deficiency, such lien shall not attach, and the notice described in subsection (3) shall not be filed, until all proceedings in court for review of such assessment have terminated or the time for the taking thereof has expired without such proceedings being instituted.

(3) The lien created by assessment pursuant to a notice of deficiency shall expire unless a notice of lien is filed as provided in this part within 5 years from the date all proceedings in court for the review of such assessment have terminated or the time for the taking thereof has expired without such proceeding being instituted. The lien created by assessment pursuant to the filing of a return without payment of the tax shown to be due, or the penalty or interest properly due, shall expire unless a notice of lien is filed within 5 years from the date such return was filed with the department.

History.—s. 19, ch. 71-359; s. 68, ch. 91-112.

Note.—Former s. 214.44.

220.815 Liens; priority and filing.—

(1) Nothing in this part shall be construed to give the state a preference over the perfected rights of any bona fide purchaser, mortgagee, judgment creditor, or other lienholder in existence prior to the filing of notice of lien or of jeopardy assessment lien in the office of the clerk of the circuit court in the county in which the property subject to the lien is located. If there is jeopardy to the revenue and jeopardy is asserted in or with an assessment, the department shall proceed in the manner specified for jeopardy assessment in s. 213.732.

(2) The clerks of the circuit courts of the several counties shall establish and maintain a file and index book for liens arising under this chapter, in the manner and form prescribed by the department, which shall contain numerical and alphabetical indexes. Each entry in the file shall show the name and address of the taxpayer named in the notice, the tax to which the lien relates, the serial number of the notice, the date and hour of filing, whether the lien is a regular lien or a jeopardy assessment lien, and the amount of taxes, penalties, and interest due and unpaid at the time the notice is filed.

History.—s. 19, ch. 71-359; s. 69, ch. 91-112; s. 16, ch. 92-315.

Note.—Former s. 214.45.

220.819 Liens; release.—

(1) The department may release all or any portion of the property subject to a lien if it determines that the release will not endanger or jeopardize the collection of the amount secured thereby.

(2) The department shall release all or any portion of the property subject to a lien upon a final determination of a court of competent jurisdiction that the taxpayer does not owe some or all of the amount secured by the lien or that no jeopardy to the revenue exists.

(3) The department shall release the lien against any taxpayer whenever the tax, penalties and interest covered by the lien are paid.

History.—s. 19, ch. 71-359; s. 71, ch. 91-112.

Note.—Former s. 214.47.

220.821 Liens; certificates of release.—

(1) The department shall issue a certificate of complete or partial release of lien:

(a) To the extent that the fair market value of any property subject to the lien exceeds 200 percent of the amount of the lien plus the amount of all prior liens upon such property;

(b) To the extent that such lien expires or otherwise becomes unenforceable;

(c) To the extent that the amount of such lien is paid, together with any interest which may become due between the date when the notice of lien is filed and the date when the amount of such lien is paid;

(d) To the extent that there is furnished to the department, on such form as the department may prescribe and with such surety or sureties as are satisfactory to the department, a bond that is conditioned upon the payment of 200 percent of the amount of such lien, plus any interest which may become due after the notice of lien is filed and before the amount thereof is fully paid; and

(e) To the extent and under the circumstances specified in s. 220.819.

(2) A certificate of complete or partial release of any lien shall be conclusive that the lien upon the property covered by the certificate is extinguished to the extent indicated by such certificate.

(3) The clerks of the circuit court shall permanently attach the certificates of release to the notice of lien or notice of jeopardy assessment lien and record same whenever a certificate of complete or partial release of lien issued by the department is presented for filing in the office where a notice of such lien was filed.

History.—s. 19, ch. 71-359; s. 72, ch. 91-112.

Note.—Former s. 214.48.

220.823 Liens; costs.—The department shall not be required to furnish any bond or to make a deposit or to pay any costs or fees of any court or officer thereof in any legal proceedings or in connection with the recordation in any county of any notice or other document filed by the department pursuant to the provisions of this chapter.

History.—s. 19, ch. 71-359; s. 73, ch. 91-112.

Note.—Former s. 214.49.

220.825 Liens; foreclosure.—In addition to any other remedy provided by the laws of this state, and provided that no hearing or proceedings for review provided by this chapter shall be pending and that the time for the taking of review shall have expired, the department may foreclose in any court of competent jurisdiction any lien on real or personal property for any tax, penalty, or interest to the same extent and in the same manner as in the enforcement of other liens. Any proceeding to foreclose shall be instituted not more than 20 years after the filing, or availability for filing, of the notice of lien under the provisions of s. 220.815.

History.—s. 19, ch. 71-359; s. 55, ch. 87-6; s. 32, ch. 87-101; s. 74, ch. 91-112.

Note.—Former s. 214.50.

220.827 Collection procedures.—

(1) In addition to any other remedy provided by the laws of this state, if any tax imposed by this chapter is not paid within the time required by this chapter, the department, or someone designated by it, may cause a demand to be made on the taxpayer for the payment thereof. If such tax remains unpaid for 10 days after such demand has been made and no proceedings have been taken to review the same, the department may issue a warrant directed to any sheriff or other person authorized to serve process, commanding said sheriff or other person to levy upon and sell the real and personal property of the taxpayer found within his or her jurisdiction for the payment of the amount thereof, including penalties, interest, and the cost of executing the warrant. Such warrant shall be returned to the department together with the money collected by virtue thereof within the time therein specified, which shall not be less than 20 nor more than 90 days from the date of the warrant. The sheriff or other person to whom such a warrant shall be directed shall proceed upon the same in all respects and with like effect as is prescribed by law for executions issued against property upon judgments of record, and shall be entitled to the same fees for his or her services in executing the warrant, to be collected in the same manner. No proceedings for a levy under this section shall be commenced more than 20 years after the filing of the notice of lien under the provisions of this part.

(2) Whenever an execution or writ of attachment issued from any court for the enforcement or collection of any tax liability created by this chapter shall be levied by any sheriff or other authorized person upon any personal property, and such property shall be claimed to be exempt from execution or attachment by any person other than the defendant in the execution or attachment, then it shall be the duty of the person making such claim to give notice in writing of his or her claim and of his or her intention to prosecute the same to the sheriff or other person within 10 days after the making of said levy. The giving of such notice shall be a condition precedent to any legal action against the sheriff or other authorized person for wrongful levy or seizure or for sale of said property, and any such person who fails to give notice within said time shall be forever barred from bringing any legal action against such sheriff or other person for injury or damages to or conversion of said property.

History.—s. 19, ch. 71-359; s. 56, ch. 87-6; s. 33, ch. 87-101; s. 75, ch. 91-112; s. 1192, ch. 95-147.

Note.—Former s. 214.51.

220.829 Liability of transferees.—The liability of a transferee of a taxpayer for any tax, penalty, or interest due shall be assessed, paid, and collected in the same manner and subject to the same provisions and limitations as in the case of the tax to which the liability relates. The term “transferee” shall include any corporation or other person which succeeds by operation of law or otherwise to substantially all of the business or property of a taxpayer.

History.—s. 19, ch. 71-359; s. 76, ch. 91-112.

Note.—Former s. 214.52.

PART X

TAX CRIMES

220.901 Willful and fraudulent acts.

220.903 Willful failure to pay over.

220.905 Aiding and abetting.

220.901 Willful and fraudulent acts.—Any taxpayer who is subject to the provisions of this chapter and who willfully fails to file a return or keep required books and records, files a fraudulent return, willfully violates any rule or regulation of the department, or willfully attempts in any other manner to evade or defeat any tax imposed by this chapter or the payment thereof, is, in addition to other penalties, guilty of a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.

History.—s. 19, ch. 71-359; s. 95, ch. 87-6; s. 62, ch. 87-101; s. 78, ch. 91-112; s. 25, ch. 91-224.

Note.—Former s. 214.60.

220.903 Willful failure to pay over.—Any person who accepts money from a taxpayer that is due to the department, for the purpose of acting as the taxpayer’s agent to make the payment to the department, but who willfully fails to remit such payment to the department when due or who purports to make such payment but willfully fails to do so because his or her check or other remittance fails to clear the bank or other depository against which it is drawn is guilty of a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.

History.—s. 19, ch. 71-359; s. 96, ch. 87-6; s. 79, ch. 91-112; s. 1193, ch. 95-147.

Note.—Former s. 214.61.

220.905 Aiding and abetting.—Any person who aids, abets, counsels, or conspires to commit any of the acts described in s. 220.901 or s. 220.903 shall be subject to fine or imprisonment to the same extent as the perpetrator of such act.

History.—s. 19, ch. 71-359; s. 80, ch. 91-112.

Note.—Former s. 214.62.