The Florida Senate

916.12  Mental competence to proceed.--

(1)  A defendant is incompetent to proceed within the meaning of this chapter if the defendant does not have sufficient present ability to consult with her or his lawyer with a reasonable degree of rational understanding or if the defendant has no rational, as well as factual, understanding of the proceedings against her or him.

(2)  The experts shall first determine whether the person is mentally ill and, if so, consider the factors related to the issue of whether the defendant meets the criteria for competence to proceed; that is, whether the defendant has sufficient present ability to consult with counsel with a reasonable degree of rational understanding and whether the defendant has a rational, as well as factual, understanding of the pending proceedings.

(3)  In considering the issue of competence to proceed, the examining experts shall first consider and specifically include in their report the defendant's capacity to:

(a)  Appreciate the charges or allegations against the defendant;

(b)  Appreciate the range and nature of possible penalties, if applicable, that may be imposed in the proceedings against the defendant;

(c)  Understand the adversarial nature of the legal process;

(d)  Disclose to counsel facts pertinent to the proceedings at issue;

(e)  Manifest appropriate courtroom behavior; and

(f)  Testify relevantly;

and include in their report any other factor deemed relevant by the experts.

(4)  If the experts should find that the defendant is incompetent to proceed, the experts shall report on any recommended treatment for the defendant to attain competence to proceed. In considering the issues relating to treatment, the examining experts shall specifically report on:

(a)  The mental illness causing the incompetence;

(b)  The treatment or treatments appropriate for the mental illness of the defendant and an explanation of each of the possible treatment alternatives in order of choices;

(c)  The availability of acceptable treatment and, if treatment is available in the community, the expert shall so state in the report; and

(d)  The likelihood of the defendant's attaining competence under the treatment recommended, an assessment of the probable duration of the treatment required to restore competence, and the probability that the defendant will attain competence to proceed in the foreseeable future.

(5)  A defendant who, because of psychotropic medication, is able to understand the nature of proceedings and assist in the defendant's own defense shall not automatically be deemed incompetent to proceed simply because the defendant's satisfactory mental functioning is dependent upon such medication. As used in this subsection, "psychotropic medication" means any drug or compound used to treat mental or emotional disorders affecting the mind, behavior, intellectual functions, perception, moods, or emotions and includes antipsychotic, antidepressant, antimanic, and antianxiety drugs.

History.--s. 1, ch. 80-75; s. 1529, ch. 97-102; s. 15, ch. 98-92.