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The Florida Senate

2024 Florida Statutes

Title X PUBLIC OFFICERS, EMPLOYEES, AND RECORDS
Chapter 112 PUBLIC OFFICERS AND EMPLOYEES: GENERAL PROVISIONS Entire Chapter
SECTION 324
Procedures on complaints of violations and referrals; public records and meeting exemptions.
F.S. 112.324
112.324 Procedures on complaints of violations and referrals; public records and meeting exemptions.—
(1) The commission shall investigate an alleged violation of this part or other alleged breach of the public trust within the jurisdiction of the commission as provided in s. 8(f), Art. II of the State Constitution:
(a) Upon a written complaint executed on a form prescribed by the commission which is based upon personal knowledge or information other than hearsay and signed under oath or affirmation by any person; or
(b) Upon receipt of a written referral of a possible violation of this part or other possible breach of the public trust from the Governor, the Department of Law Enforcement, a state attorney, or a United States Attorney.

Within 5 days after receipt of a complaint or referral by the commission, a copy must be transmitted to the alleged violator.

(2)(a) The complaint and records relating to the complaint or to any preliminary investigation held by the commission or its agents, by a Commission on Ethics and Public Trust established by any county defined in s. 125.011(1) or by any municipality defined in s. 165.031, or by any county or municipality that has established a local investigatory process to enforce more stringent standards of conduct and disclosure requirements as provided in s. 112.326 are confidential and exempt from s. 119.07(1) and s. 24(a), Art. I of the State Constitution.
(b) Written referrals and records relating to such referrals held by the commission or its agents, the Governor, the Department of Law Enforcement, or a state attorney, and records relating to any preliminary investigation of such referrals held by the commission or its agents, are confidential and exempt from s. 119.07(1) and s. 24(a), Art. I of the State Constitution.
(c) Any portion of a proceeding conducted by the commission, a Commission on Ethics and Public Trust, or a county or municipality that has established such local investigatory process, pursuant to a complaint or preliminary investigation, is exempt from s. 286.011, s. 24(b), Art. I of the State Constitution, and s. 120.525.
(d) Any portion of a proceeding of the commission in which a determination regarding a referral is discussed or acted upon is exempt from s. 286.011 and s. 24(b), Art. I of the State Constitution, and s. 120.525.
(e) The exemptions in paragraphs (a)-(d) apply until:
1. The complaint is dismissed as legally insufficient;
2. The alleged violator requests in writing that such records and proceedings be made public;
3. The commission determines that it will not investigate the referral; or
4. The commission, a Commission on Ethics and Public Trust, or a county or municipality that has established such local investigatory process determines, based on such investigation, whether probable cause exists to believe that a violation has occurred.
(f) A complaint or referral under this part against a candidate in any general, special, or primary election may not be filed nor may any intention of filing such a complaint or referral be disclosed on the day of any such election or within the 30 days immediately preceding the date of the election, unless the complaint or referral is based upon personal information or information other than hearsay.
(3)(a) A preliminary investigation must be undertaken by the commission within 30 days after its receipt of each technically and legally sufficient complaint or referral over which the commission has jurisdiction to determine whether there is probable cause to believe that a violation has occurred. A complainant may submit an amended complaint up to 60 days after the commission receives the initial complaint. The probable cause determination is the conclusion of the preliminary investigation. The commission shall complete the preliminary investigation, including the probable cause determination, no later than 1 year after the beginning of the preliminary investigation.
(b) An investigatory report must be completed no later than 150 days after the beginning of the preliminary investigation. If, at any one meeting of the commission held during a given preliminary investigation, the commission determines that additional time is necessary to adequately complete such investigation, the commission may extend the timeframe to complete the preliminary investigation by no more than 60 days. During such meeting, the commission shall document its reasons for extending the investigation and transmit a copy of such documentation to the alleged violator and complainant no later than 5 days after the extension is ordered. The investigatory report must be transmitted to the alleged violator and to the counsel representing the commission no later than 5 days after completion of the report. As used in this section, the term “counsel” means an assistant attorney general, or in the event of a conflict of interest, an attorney not otherwise employed by the commission. The counsel representing the commission shall make a written recommendation to the commission for the disposition of the complaint or referral no later than 15 days after he or she receives the completed investigatory report. The commission shall transmit the counsel’s written recommendation to the alleged violator no later than 5 days after its completion. The alleged violator has 14 days after the mailing date of the counsel’s recommendation to respond in writing to the recommendation.
(c) Upon receipt of the counsel’s recommendation, the commission shall schedule a probable cause hearing for the next executive session of the commission for which notice requirements can be met.
(d) If the commission finds no probable cause to believe that this part has been violated, or that no other breach of the public trust has been committed, the commission must dismiss the complaint or referral with the issuance of a public report to the complainant and the alleged violator, stating with particularity its reasons for dismissal. At that time, the complaint or referral and all materials relating to the complaint or referral become a matter of public record.
(e) If the commission finds probable cause to believe that this part has been violated or that any other breach of the public trust has been committed, it must transmit a copy of the order finding probable cause to the complainant and the alleged violator in writing no later than 5 days after the date of the probable cause determination. Such notification and all documents made or received in the disposition of the complaint or referral become public records. Upon request submitted to the commission in writing, any person who the commission finds probable cause to believe has violated any provision of this part or has committed any other breach of the public trust is entitled to a public hearing and may elect to have a formal administrative hearing conducted by an administrative law judge in the Division of Administrative Hearings. If the person does not elect to have a formal administrative hearing by an administrative law judge, the person is entitled to an informal hearing conducted before the commission. Such person is deemed to have waived the right to a formal or an informal public hearing if the request is not received within 14 days following the mailing date of the probable cause notification required by this paragraph. However, the commission may, on its own motion, require a public hearing.
(f) If the commission conducts an informal hearing, it must be held no later than 75 days after the date of the probable cause determination.
(g) If the commission refers a case to the Division of Administrative Hearings for a formal hearing and subsequently requests that the case be relinquished back to the commission, or if the administrative law judge assigned to the case relinquishes jurisdiction back to the commission before a recommended order is entered, the commission must schedule the case for additional action at the next commission meeting for which notice requirements can be met. At the next subsequent commission meeting, the commission must complete final action on such case.
(h) The commission may enter into such stipulations and settlements as it finds to be just and in the best interest of the state. At least two-thirds of the members of the commission present at a meeting must vote to reject or deviate from a stipulation or settlement that is recommended by the counsel representing the commission. The commission is without jurisdiction to, and no respondent may voluntarily or involuntarily, enter into a stipulation or settlement which imposes any penalty, including, but not limited to, a sanction or admonition or any other penalty contained in s. 112.317. Penalties may be imposed only by the appropriate disciplinary authority as designated in this section.
(i) If a criminal complaint related to an investigation pursuant to this section is filed, the timeframes in this subsection are tolled until completion of the criminal investigation or prosecution, excluding any appeals from such prosecution, whichever occurs later.
(j) The failure of the commission to comply with the time limits provided in this subsection constitutes harmless error in any related disciplinary action unless a court finds that the fairness of the proceedings or the correctness of an action may have been impaired by a material error in procedure or a failure to follow prescribed procedure.
(k) The timeframes prescribed by this subsection apply to complaints or referrals submitted to the commission on or after October 1, 2024.
(4) If, in cases pertaining to members of the Legislature, upon completion of a full and final investigation by the commission, the commission finds that there has been a violation of this part or of any provision of s. 8, Art. II of the State Constitution, the commission shall forward a copy of the complaint or referral and its findings by certified mail to the President of the Senate or the Speaker of the House of Representatives, whichever is applicable, who shall refer the complaint or referral to the appropriate committee for investigation and action which shall be governed by the rules of its respective house. It is the duty of the committee to report its final action upon the matter to the commission within 90 days of the date of transmittal to the respective house. Upon request of the committee, the commission shall submit a recommendation as to what penalty, if any, should be imposed. In the case of a member of the Legislature, the house in which the member serves has the power to invoke the penalty provisions of this part.
(5) If, in cases against impeachable officers, upon completion of a full and final investigation by the commission, the commission finds that there has been a violation of this part or of any provision of s. 8, Art. II of the State Constitution, and the commission finds that the violation may constitute grounds for impeachment, the commission shall forward a copy of the complaint or referral and its findings by certified mail to the Speaker of the House of Representatives, who shall refer the complaint or referral to the appropriate committee for investigation and action which shall be governed by the rules of the House of Representatives. It is the duty of the committee to report its final action upon the matter to the commission within 90 days of the date of transmittal.
(6) If the commission finds that there has been a violation of this part or of any provision of s. 8, Art. II of the State Constitution by an impeachable officer other than the Governor, and the commission recommends public censure and reprimand, forfeiture of a portion of the officer’s salary, a civil penalty, or restitution, the commission shall report its findings and recommendation of disciplinary action to the Governor, who has the power to invoke the penalty provisions of this part.
(7) If the commission finds that there has been a violation of this part or of any provision of s. 8, Art. II of the State Constitution by the Governor, and the commission recommends public censure and reprimand, forfeiture of a portion of the Governor’s salary, a civil penalty, or restitution, the commission shall report its findings and recommendation of disciplinary action to the Attorney General, who shall have the power to invoke the penalty provisions of this part.
(8) If, in cases other than complaints or referrals against impeachable officers or members of the Legislature, upon completion of a full and final investigation by the commission, the commission finds that there has been a violation of this part or of s. 8, Art. II of the State Constitution, it is the duty of the commission to report its findings and recommend appropriate action to the proper disciplinary official or body as follows, and such official or body has the power to invoke the penalty provisions of this part, including the power to order the appropriate elections official to remove a candidate from the ballot for a violation of s. 112.3145 or s. 8(a) and (i), Art. II of the State Constitution:
(a) The President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives, jointly, in any case concerning the Public Counsel, members of the Public Service Commission, members of the Public Service Commission Nominating Council, the Auditor General, or the director of the Office of Program Policy Analysis and Government Accountability.
(b) The Supreme Court, in any case concerning an employee of the judicial branch.
(c) The President of the Senate, in any case concerning an employee of the Senate; the Speaker of the House of Representatives, in any case concerning an employee of the House of Representatives; or the President and the Speaker, jointly, in any case concerning an employee of a committee of the Legislature whose members are appointed solely by the President and the Speaker or in any case concerning an employee of the Public Counsel, Public Service Commission, Auditor General, or Office of Program Policy Analysis and Government Accountability.
(d) Except as otherwise provided by this part, the Governor, in the case of any other public officer, public employee, former public officer or public employee, candidate or former candidate, or person who is not a public officer or employee, other than lobbyists and lobbying firms under s. 112.3215 for violations of s. 112.3215.
(e) The President of the Senate or the Speaker of the House of Representatives, whichever is applicable, in any case concerning a former member of the Legislature who has violated a provision applicable to former members or whose violation occurred while a member of the Legislature.
(9) In addition to reporting its findings to the proper disciplinary body or official, the commission shall report these findings to the state attorney or any other appropriate official or agency having authority to initiate prosecution when violation of criminal law is indicated.
(10) Notwithstanding the foregoing procedures of this section, a sworn complaint against any member or employee of the Commission on Ethics for violation of this part or of s. 8, Art. II of the State Constitution shall be filed with the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives. Each presiding officer shall, after determining that there are sufficient grounds for review, appoint three members of their respective bodies to a special joint committee who shall investigate the complaint. The members shall elect a chair from among their number. If the special joint committee finds insufficient evidence to establish probable cause to believe a violation of this part or of s. 8, Art. II of the State Constitution has occurred, it shall dismiss the complaint. If, upon completion of its preliminary investigation, the committee finds sufficient evidence to establish probable cause to believe a violation has occurred, the chair thereof shall transmit such findings to the Governor who shall convene a meeting of the Governor, the President of the Senate, the Speaker of the House of Representatives, and the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court to take such final action on the complaint as they shall deem appropriate, consistent with the penalty provisions of this part. Upon request of a majority of the Governor, the President of the Senate, the Speaker of the House of Representatives, and the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, the special joint committee shall submit a recommendation as to what penalty, if any, should be imposed.
(11)(a) Notwithstanding subsections (1)-(8), the commission may dismiss any complaint or referral at any stage of disposition if it determines that the violation that is alleged or has occurred is a de minimis violation attributable to inadvertent or unintentional error. In determining whether a violation was de minimis, the commission shall consider whether the interests of the public were protected despite the violation.
(b) For the purposes of this subsection, a de minimis violation is any violation that is unintentional and not material in nature.
(12) Notwithstanding the provisions of subsections (1)-(8), the commission may, at its discretion, dismiss any complaint or referral at any stage of disposition should it determine that the public interest would not be served by proceeding further, in which case the commission shall issue a public report stating with particularity its reasons for the dismissal.
History.—s. 2, ch. 74-176; s. 5, ch. 75-199; s. 3, ch. 83-282; s. 30, ch. 90-360; s. 14, ch. 91-85; s. 11, ch. 94-277; s. 1417, ch. 95-147; s. 2, ch. 95-354; s. 4, ch. 96-311; s. 3, ch. 97-293; s. 14, ch. 2000-151; s. 17, ch. 2000-331; s. 30, ch. 2001-266; s. 1, ch. 2002-186; s. 1, ch. 2005-186; s. 17, ch. 2008-4; s. 3, ch. 2009-126; s. 1, ch. 2010-116; s. 1, ch. 2010-130; s. 18, ch. 2011-34; s. 17, ch. 2013-36; s. 1, ch. 2013-38; s. 18, ch. 2014-17; s. 1, ch. 2018-76; s. 9, ch. 2023-49; ss. 6, 7, ch. 2024-253.